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IB History of the Americas

Civil Rights and Social Movements


Concept Guide

As you read the textbook for this unit, be sure to organize your notes along the following topics:
Origins
Nature of the movement
Challenges
Achievements

8.1

Indigenous Peoples and Civil Rights in the Americas


USA, Canada, and one Latin American country
Indigenous Peoples Literature

Sample Paper 3 questions:


Assess the achievements and failures of indigenous peoples movements in two countries of the
Americas since 1945.
Why did the Native American movement emerge in one country of the Americas in the 1960s?
With reference to two countries of the region, to what extent did the civil rights of Native
Americans change from the 1960s to the 1980s?

8.2

African-American Civil Rights Movement


Origins, tactics, and organizations
The U.S. Supreme Court and legal challenges to segregation in education
Ending segregation in the U.S. South (1955-80)
Role of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Rise of radical African-American activism: Black Panthers
Black Power and Malcolm X
Role of governments in civil rights movements in the Americas

Additional Readings:
Letter from Birmingham Jail
The Ballot or the Bullet
Former Black Panther Freed a ter 43 Years in Prison

Sample Paper 3 questions:


To what extent can Martin Luther King be said to have achieved his goals in the Civil Rights
movement?
Assess the aims and impact of the Black Panthers between 1966 and the 1970s.

8.3

Was the American Civil Rights Movement in the United States more e fective in the years 1954 to
1964 than in the late 1960s.

Feminist Movements in the U.S. and Latin America


Reasons for emergence
Impact and signi cance

Additional Readings:
4 Big Problems With 'The Feminine Mystique'
Womens Movements in the Americas: Feminisms Second Wave

Sample Paper 3 questions:


Examine the contribution of women to political developments in one country of the Americas in
the twentieth century.
Evaluate the successes and failures of the feminist movement in one country of the region
during the period 1945-1979.
In what ways, and for what reasons, did womens role in society change a ter 1945? Support your
answer with speci c examples from one or more countries in the region.
Compare and contrast the progress made by women since 1945 in two countries in the region.

8.4

Hispanic-American Movement in the United States


Cesar Chavez
Immigration reform

Additional Readings:
Latino Civil Rights timeline, 1903-2006

Sample Paper 3 questions:


In what ways and with what e fects has immigration been a critical civil rights issue in the
Americas?
How have immigration legislation and government actions been both a progressive and
reactionary response to the growth of the Hispanic American communities?

8.5

Youth Culture and protests of the 1960s-1970s


Characteristics and manifestations of a counterculture

Sample Paper 3 questions:


Evaluate the success of one youth-led movement in the Americas.
Compare and contrast the methods used by young protestors for civil rights in the Americas.

Paper 3 Mark Scheme


13-15
Responses are clearly focused, showing a high degree of awareness of the demands and
implications of the question. Responses are well structured and e fectively organized.
Knowledge is detailed, accurate, and relevant. Events are placed in their historical context, and
there is a clear understanding of historical concepts. Examples used are appropriate and
relevant, and are used e fectively to support the analysis/evaluation.
Arguments are clear and coherent. There is evaluation of di ferent perspectives, and this
evaluation is integrated e fectively into the answer.
The answer contains well-developed critical analysis. All, or nearly all, of the main points are
substantiated, and the response argues to a reasoned conclusion.

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