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Semester Question...
10. What are the methods are generally associated with the nite
element analysis?
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Global axes are de ned for the entire system. They are same in
direction for all the elements even though the elements are
differently oriented.
26. Distinguish between potential energy function and potential
energy functional
If a system has nite number of degree of freedom (q1,q2,and
q3), then the potential energy expressed as,
= f (q1,q2,and q3)
It is known as function. If a system has in nite degrees of
freedom then the potential
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N1, N2, and N3 are also called shape functions because they are
used to express the geometry or shape of the element.
38. What are the characteristic of shape function?
It has unit value at one nodal point and zero value at other nodal
points. The sum of shape function is equal to one.
39. Why polynomials are generally used as shape function?
Differentiation and integration of polynomial are quit easy.
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l -1 1
42. State the properties of stiffness matrix
It is a symmetric matrix
The sum of elements in any column must be equal to zero
It is an unstable element. So the determinant is equal to zero.
43. Write down the expression of stiffness matrix for a truss
element.
u
1
u1 l m 0
0 u
=
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u
2
0 0 l mu
2 3
u
4
44. Write down the expression of shape function N and
displacement u for one
dimensional bar element. U= N1u1+N2u2
N1= 1-X /
l N2 = X / l
45. De ne total potential energy.
Total potential energy, = Strain energy (U) + potential energy of
the external forces
(W)
46. State the principle of minimum potential energy.
Among all the displacement equations that satis ed internal
compatibility and the boundary condition those that also satisfy
the equation of equilibrium make the potential energy a
minimum is a stable system.
47. Write down the nite element equation for one dimensional
two noded bar element.
AE 1 -1
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[K ]=
l -1 1
48. What is truss?
A truss is de ned as a structure made up of several bars, riveted
or welded together.
49. States the assumption are made while nding the forces in a
truss.
All the members are pin jointed. The truss is loaded only at the
joint
The self weight of the members is neglected unless stated.
50. State the principles of virtual energy?
A body is in equilibrium if the internal virtual work equals the
external virtual work for the every kinematically admissible
displacement eld
51. What is essential boundary condition?
Primary boundary condition or EBC Boundary condition which in
terms of eld variable is known as Primary boundary condition.
52. Natural boundary conditions?
Secondary boundary natural boundary conditions which are in
the differential form of eld variable is known as secondary
boundary condition
53. How do you de ne two dimensional elements?
Two dimensional elements are de ne by three or more nodes in a
two dimensional plane. The basic element useful for two
dimensional analysis is the triangular element.
54. What is CST element?
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UNIT 4
61. Write down the stiffness matrix equation for two dimensional
CST elements.
Stiffness matrix [K ]=[B ]T [D ][B ]At
[B]T -Strain displacement [D]-Stress strain matrix [B]-Strain
displacement matrix
62. Write down the stress strain relationship matrix for plane
stress conditions.
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1-n n 0
E
1+n 1-2n 0
( )( )
1 -n
0
1-2n
00
2
63. What is axisymmetric element?
Many three dimensional problem in engineering exhibit
symmetry about an axis of rotation such type of problem are
solved by special two dimensional element called the
axisymmetric element
64. What are the conditions for a problem to be axisymmetric?
The problem domain must be symmetric about the axis of
revolution All boundary condition must be symmetric about the
axis of revolution All loading condition must be symmetric about
the axis of revolution
65. Give the stiffness matrix equation for an axisymmetric
triangular element. Stiffness matrix [K ]=[B ]T [D ][B ]2prA
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UNIT 5
81. What meant by plane stress analysis?
Plane stress is de ned to be a state of stress in which the normal
stress and shear stress directed perpendicular to the plane are
assumed to be zero.
82. De ne plane strain analysis.
Plane strain is de ned to be state of strain normal to the x,y
plane and the shear strains are assumed to be zero.
83. What is truss element?
The truss elements are the part of a truss structure linked
together by point joint
which transmits only axial force to the element.
84. List the two advantages of post processing.
Required result can be obtained in graphical form.
Contour diagrams can be used to understand the solution easily
and quickly.
85. What are the h and p versions of nite element method?
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ME2353FINITEELEMENTANALYSISTwoMarksQuestionsWithAnswers2014~Vidyarthiplus(V+)BlogABlogforStudents
a
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= lu dx dx
96. What is non-homogeneous form?
When the speci ed values of dependent variables are non-zero,
the boundary conditi said to be non-homogeneous.
97. What is homogeneous form?
When the speci ed values of dependent variables is zero, the
boundary condition are said to be homogeneous.
98. De ne initial value problem.
An initial value problem is one in which the dependent variable
and possibly is derivatives are speci ed initially.
99. De ne boundary value problem.
A differential equation is said to describe a boundary value
problem if the dependent variable and its derivatives are required
to take speci ed values on the boundary.
100. De ne governing equation.
d du
dx EA
dx + rA = 0
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