A

2015

01.
.

02.
,
. () .
03. ( )

.
, , ,
.
.
04.
,

, .
, .. () .
05.
( )
( )
( )
( , , (-)
06.
,
, xx.
x x .

07. E

, ,
().

, .

. -

x
, AB = .
08. E
, :
= .

.
09.

E.

.
, , -

, = = .
. ,

= + .
10.

E.

> , ,
= .

: = - .
11. E .

,

: = .



12. E .
( ,)

.
, .
-



.
13. ( )
,
,

. ,
.
14. ( )
,

, .. () .
15.
:

1, 2, .
1 (2) ,
.

.
,
, .
16.
K

. 1

( Ox,
Oy , 1).


.
: xOy

. 2
x

 x, Oy, ( 2) .
xOy

.
x, Oy.

x, Oy ,

.3

x, Oy , (.3) .

17.
 O

O

( ).

, :
 = O

O
:
 : O
 < O

O

:
 : O
 > O

O

y
18. x O

xOy

 O
 y.
xO

 ,
xOy

 O
 y
xO

L,
.

19. E

.
20.
xx
xx,  x.
x'O
A ,  x , .
x'O

21.

xx xx.
xx, .
-

xx.
22.

.

: 1 2 , 2 3

, ...
23.
-

.
 +O
 = O

A O

24.

, -

.
 = O
 -O

A O
25.

(. ).

(. ).

(. ).
26.

.
:

B
, A O
 .
O

27.

O .

 = 180 0
x +
   

x + = y + x = y
y +
 = 1800

28.

3
4

2
4

=
(O xOy)
O' x'Oy'

1
2

=
()

1
3
=
()

4
3 0

1
2

29.

o .

 AO
 ,
AOB,
.

=
+
= + = = 180 = 90 0

2
2
2
2

0

30.

.
M

: (, ).

(, )
= .
31.

 A
 ).
(: A,

(: ).

(: ).

(: ).

(: , ).
32.

(, )

< .
(, )
> .


33.

, .

.
34.

:
-

:
-

 y AB
.
xO
35.

:
:
 < H
 H
 > EZ

 =
 EZ
AB
.

.
)
. (
36.

.
 =
 AOB
 = O

: AB
.
 > ZE
 HK
 > KZ

:

37.

.

38.
.

39.



. : ,

.
40.

, .

 A
A

 :
B
 + B
 = A

A

41.

, .
 A
 B

A

:
 - B
 = A

A

42.

 ,
A
 = AB
 + AB
 + ...AB
.
A



  A
A
 = A

: A

43.

:
1/360 .

1 () .

 = AB
 =
: AB

:
.
 = 0
 = O
 = 0
:

:
,

: 360

: 180

1 =1/360

, : 90
44.
,
.
: , , , . : .

:
, , , , .

:
.

, , , .

:
.

:
.

:
.

:

.
.

45.
.

:
.

:
.

:
.

:

 ).
( . :

:
() ( .
 ).
:

01. :
:
, .
:
, .
:
.
1 2 .
2 1 .
1 .
2 .

() .
(, ) ,
(, ) .
( , ) .
, , . ,
,
i) EZ =

A +
2

ii) + = +

i)

//

//

= + + =

+ 2 +
( + + ) +
+
+ +
=
=
=
2
2
2
2
2

ii)
+ = + + + = ( + + ) + = +
,

= - .
.

2

=
-

- = 2 - = - ( - ) =

2
2
2

(
)
2

=
=
=

2
2
2
2

= -

 = MB
.
, 
AB , MA
i) 
AB ,
 = 1 (
 +
).

2
 = 1 (
 -
)
 ,
ii)
2
i)

 =
 +

: 2
E
  

= + MA
  

= - MB

(1)

(2)


 +
 = 2
(1) + (2)
ii)

 =


: 2

=


 (3)
 + MA

 -
 (4)
MB



 = 2
(3) (4)

02. ( ) :
:
, .
:
, .
:
( ) .
( ) .
.
( , > ) .

(1)
2

= ' =
(2)
2
(1) (2) : = ( ) > ( ) .

= =

.
.
03. - :
:
.
:
.
:
: () () .
: .
.


 .
,
:

 +
 = 180 0
:
 = 90 0
:

 +
 = 180 0

 + 2
 = 180 0 2 (
 +
 ) = 180 0
2
 = 180 0
 = 90 0
2

0

: = 90

 +
 = 180 0
:

 = 90 0
 +
 = 90 0




1
 +
 ) = 90 0
+
= 90 0 (
2
2
2

 +
 = 180 0

04. ( ) ( ()) :
:
() .
:
.
:
() () () (, , ...) .
(), ,
.
() .

. .
, 1800 - 900 - .

1800 - = 3(90 0 - )
180 - = 270 0 - 3
3 - = 270 0 - 180 0
2 = 90 0
= 45 0

05. :
:
.
:
.
:
x, y, z, u
, , , , :

x y z u x+y+z+u
= = = =
++ +
,
, , ,
,
,
, 1, 2, 3, 4.

= ,
= ,
= ,
=.

+ + + 360 0
= = = =
=
= 36 0
1 2 3 4
1+ 2 + 3 + 4
10

= 1 36 0
= 36 0

0
0
= 2 36
= 72

0
0

=
3

36

= 108
= 4 36 0
= 144 0

06. - :
:
- - .
:
( ) .
:
.

 = 80 0 .

-
:


i) 

ii)

( )

i)

 -
 = 80 0 (+ ) 2
 = 260 0


= 130 0

 
0 (- )
0
0


+ = 180
2 = 100
= 50
ii)

= 130 0
= 50 0 ( ).

(, R) , , , , 
= 150 0 ,
 = 450 

= 1050 .

 .

.

 .

0
0
0
0
0


= 360 - 150 - 45 - 105 = 60 .

0

 = = 60 = 30 0

2
2
0
0
0
  

= + = 150 + 30 = 180
, .

1.
, , ,
. N =

A
.
2

2.
, , , , = .
) = 4 = 7
:

1

ii) = 14
2
) .
i) =

iii) = 28

3.

 .


 ,
,
 = 45 0 .

4.

 ,
 ,
 . , , ,

 ,
 ,
 ,
 :

 +
 = 180 0

5.

 ,
 2, 4, 6 .

,
)
) .
6.
, , . 90 0 ,
45 0.
7.
, , , .
: 2 > .

8.

, .
.
9.

 .
, , ,
 :





 .

 .

10.
.
, .


 ( ,
,
 .
),
11.


, .
70 0, :
 , 
) 
,

) .
12.
(, 12) . = 2x + 4 ,
x , .
13.
, =
, =
:

1
1
1
=
+
.
() () ()

5
.
3

5
, 3

14.
, , = 5,
= x, = 8. , :

x+5
2
x+8
) =
2
) = 6,5

) =


01. T
.

:
, , .

, , , , .

:
 , ,
  .

:
.

:
++ .
2 ( = ( + + )/2)
02.

:
(. ).

(. ).

:
(. ).

( ).
03.

:
(. ).

:
.

(. ).

:
(. ).

.

: .
: .
: ( 60).
04.

.
, -

, .

(), .

05.

,

.
, -

(), .
06.
.
, , .

() :

, .
, .

, .

, .


07. T

08. T

1 ()

,
.

2 ()

, .

3 ()

, .
09. T

, .

(--).

,
, .

(--).

,
.
2

,
.

10. 1

12

.
:
1.
=
( )
2.
1

1 2

3. = ( )

=
=
= 900
=
1
2

11. 2

,
, .

12

:
1.
2. = ( )
3. = ( )

=
.

1
2

=
= 900 .

1
2

1 2


12. 3

12

.
:
1. .
2.
3. = ( )

= .
1 =
 2 .

13. 4

.
:
1.
=
= 900
2.
1
2

1 2

3. = ( )
=
14. 5

=.

( = ) .
.
15. 6

,
=
:

,
=
: A

= =
A

16. 7

,
.

1. = =
2. = =

 = )

=
(
3. AOB

17. 8

A , , , .

1. = = = =
2. = ()

 =

=

AOB

18. 9

1 2

1.
2.
3. = =

=
,
= AO
 =
 .


19. 1 0

:
1.

2. = ()
3. = =

= =

:
1.
2. = ( = )
3. = =
=
20. 1 1

K


.

:
1.
2.
= MOB
( )
3. MOA

:
1.
2.
3. = ()
= MOB
.
MOA


21.
:
,

,
.

y
A

22. 1

= .
:

1. = ()

2. = ( )
=

3.
1

= .

<

<

<

23. 2

< . , = .

>

>

>

24. 3 ( . )

= = .

<
< < +
1 <

< + ( - < , )
< + ( - < , )
: - < < +

25. 1

:
 >
A
M

+ < + .
:
 > M
 ( ) (1)
M
:
 >A
 ( )

(2)

 >A

(1) (2) : M
26. 2
.

,
,
,

27. 3

,
:

 ' >
>
= , = , 
'
>
= , = , > 

.
, .
, .
180.
,
.
.

28. 1
A , -

, .

.
To ,
, = .

= .
, .
29. 2
-

 ,
. -

> .
30. 3

, ,
:
.

, :


> . , ,
,
>
 = 90 0 ,


,
> .

, :
= , , = > .


.
> .
= , = ,
.
< ,
< , .
> .


31.
(,R)
=
R.
:

> R -






.
> R .

,
.

( ) .

= R -



( ).

.
:
.
< R .
, = .
32. 1

.

(,)
, , .

= (= ) = (= ),
, , , .
, , .


33. 2

=
= =

1
2

1
2

.
.
.

34.
(, R) (, )
(
,),

R






, R + R .
34.

:
(, R) (, ) , > R + .

( -

R






).

( ).

:
(, R) (, ) , < R - .

R






34.
:
(, R) (, ) (
),
= R + .

R






.
(
).
:
(, R) (, ) -

R




(
), < R - .
.
34.
:
(, R) (, ) (
), R < < R + .
.
.
.

01. :
:
.
:
, .
:
,
.

.
.
:
3 (
). .

-
()
.
= . = .

:
1. = ( )
2. = ()
1 =
 2 ()
3.

= .
02. ( ) :
:
.
:
.
:
,
.

.
.
( ) :
=
 = 

.
( = ) , =
. = .

:
 =
1. A
2. = (. )

3. = ( )

= .

03. :
:
.
:
.
:
, :
.
.
.
, . :
.

:
1.
2. = (. )
 =
3.

=
.

04. ( ) :
:
.
:
, , .
:
,
.
.
, () .
( )
.
:
=

''' :

= ''()
= ''()

,

 = '

''' :

 

= ' (.)

= ''()

= ''
:

= '',

= ''
 = '


''' .

05. :
:
.
:
.
:
- ,
, :
.
.
.
.
:

:
1.

2. = ( = , )
 =  (. )
3.

= .

1.
 =
2.
3. = ( = , )
= .
06. ( ( )) :
:
.
:
.
:
, :

.
.

( = ) .
.

,
.

'

( )
' .

,
.

' , , = .
07.
( - ) :
:
, .
:
.
:
, , .
 +
 +
 = 180 0 (
:
) .
: .
:




+
+
= 90 0

2
2
2
 +
 +  = 180 0 .

< , :
 
 = 90 0 - -


2


-
0


= 90 +
2




 

0
0




+ + = 180 + +
= 90 +
+ +
2
2
2 2 2
 
 - 

0
0


= 90 - + = 90 2 2
2
:


  
 +
 + = 1800
 +  + = 900 + + +

2
2
2 2 2
 
 
 = 90 0 + -
 = 90 0 + -

2 2
2

08. :
:
- .
:
.
:
:
.
.
, .
,

.
: | | < < +

.
: 2 = + +
, .

= , < .

=

= ()

 
, = (1)


1 = 2 ( )
 , :

(1)

 > 
 >
 , > .

12

< , :

> 

- < 2 < +
+ + < 2

= .
:
= () ... ,

= ( )
1 =
 2 ()

 =
 (2)
= (1)

1
2

(1)

< < (.)

(2)

 <

 < .


:
( =) <

| - |< < +

- < 2 < +

2 < + (+)
2( + + ) < 2( + + )

2 < +
+ + < 2
2 < +

, : - < < .

, :

< +
+ < + + 2 + < + 2
< +
+ + < 2 + 2 2 < 2 + 2 - <
(1)
, :
(+)

< + (+)
2 < + + + 2 < + +
< +
2 < 2 < (2)
(1),(2) :
- < <

< , :

<

<

= .
:

(*) : ' -

... , :
= ()
 
= (1) = 1 (2)


1 = 2 ( )

, .

(1)

 =
 2 ,
 > 
 2 >  > > .
(2) :
, ' :
< 2 < + 2 < <

(*)

< - < - < <

09. :
:
, , .
:
.
:
, , :
, , .
, , .
, . ,
, , .

, .

( = = )
, ,
(1)

( = = )
, ,
(2)

(1), (2) , , , '

.

1.
, , , , , , = = .
.
2.
, , =
 =
 .
= , A
3.
.
= .
=
4.
, .
, = = .
= .
5.
, , ( ). = .
6.
( = ),
. :
=
=
7.

 =  . = .
=
8.
E .
= = .
= .

9.
( = ) .
1

= =

.
10.
(, ) .
 =
 .
.
11.
.
= = .
= .
12.
( )
. : = ( = ).
13.
(, ) , .
, .
14.
( = ) . = .
= .
15.
( = ). = . ,
= .
= .
16.

= . .

17.

=
 . = , =
.

18.
. = . = .
:
To AZH

.
19.
. =

:
 =


=
20.
( < ) . = = .
, , .
21.
E .
= = .
= .
22.
.
. , :

,
,
.

23.
( = )
. :

=
, , , ,
.
24.
=

 = .
.
o .
25.
> .
. :

= -

.

26.
. =
= . :
 =


= .

.
27.
( = ), , .
.
28.
( = ) .
= .
29.

 90 0 )
( = ,
.
.

30.
( = ) .
. = .
31.

 , ,
, = . , , ,
. :

.

.
32.
,
.
33.
.
= = . , .
= .
34.

. .
= .
35.
( A = 90 0 ),
. .
36.
.
=

= = . :
= .
37.
( = ) .
, . :
=

=

.

38.
.
( A = 90 0 )

.
.
39.
( A = 90 0 ) .
= . :

, ,
, ,
, .
40.

(, ) . 
. =

1
.
2

41.
= 2 = 2 .
, :

,
,
, ,
= 90 0 .
A
42.
= , .
=

1
.
4

43.
. , , , ,
= = . , ,
, , , :

, ,
, ,
.

44.
. x , y
xOy

, , = = .
, :

, ,
.
xOy
45.

= 90 0 , A'
= 90 0 ) =
, ( A
+ + = + + .
, .
46.
.


.
= .
47.



 . :

.
2


90 0 - .
2
90 0 +

48.

( < ) 
.
-



: =
.
2
49.



, 
= 60 0 . ,
 =

, :
.

50.
( < ) .
:
 -
=
 - 

-


0

= 90 2

-


0

= 90 +
2

51.


= .
( = ) 
2
 ,  .

52.


 = 90 0 + , = .

2
53.
< ,
. :

- < -

<

54.
. :

+ + + < 2( + + + ) < 3( + + + )
+ + + +
55.

:
+ > +
< <

( = )

, :
<


56.
.
, :

<

<

<
+ < +

57.
(A > 90 0) .
,
: + > + + .
58.
, , ,
, :

<

<

59.
(, R) (, ) R > , .
. :

.

.

01.
1, 2

1 2 : 1 // 2.
02.
1 2 :

:
1

1, 2.
:

1 2.

.
:
.
03.

, .
=
1 // 2
:

1 2 .

,

, . 1 // 2.
04.

,
.
=
1 // 2
:

:
=
 , .
:
 = x , .
:
 = x , 1 // 2.


05.

,
.

+
= 180 1 // 2
:

:
 +
 = 1800 , .
:

 + x = 180 0 , .
:
 = x , 1 // 2.

06.
-

, //
07.
.
=

: 1 // 2

= .

xB

A x / /2 .

'
2 , .
= .

08.
- .
=

: 1 // 2
:
: 1 // 2, .
 = x , .
:

 = x ,
=
.


09.
.

+
= 180 0 .
: 1 // 2

: 1 // 2, .
 + x = 180 0 , .
:

 = x ,
 +
 = 1800 .

10.
1 2
, .
1

: 1 // 2 // , 1 // 2 .
:
1 2 , -

(). .
11.
1 2
,
.
:

1 2
//2, . () (, 1) (2).

.
12.

, .
:

= .

1 . 1 / / 2
= 90
= 90 2

0


13.

,
.

+
< 180 0 1 , 2
,

.
,
:
+
< 180 , 1 2 .

(
>

)
> 180 -

+
> 180 ,
+
< 180 .

1 2 ,.
14.

:
, .

 < 900
 =

,

, .

 > 90 0
 =

,

,
.
 > 900 ,
 < 900
 +
 = 1800

15.
1:

. ()

() .

,
.

: =
=
: =
.



= = .
2:

. () ()
.
:

: =
=
: =

= =

16.

2 .

:
xy / /B,
+
+
= 180 ( )

=
+ + = 180
( )

( )
=

17.

.
:

+ + = 180
+ +

+ =

+
+ = 180 ( )
=


18.

, ,

.
:
= ',
= '

+ + = 180

+ '
+ '
= 180
'

= '

+ '
+ '
=
+ + = '

'

= '

19.

.
:
+ + = 180

90 + + = 180 + = 90

= 90

20.

60 0.
:
+ + = 180

= =

= 180
= 60 (= = )

21.

.
:
' .
 +  1 = 90

 = 90 -  1

 
 +  2 = 90


=

= 90 - 2
 1 =  2 ( )


22.

:
 = 180
x +


x = 180 -
 
y +
 = 180

x = y

y
=
180

=
 ()

23.

.

x

:
 = 180
x +

 = 180
x +

=
 ()

24.

2-4 .
:
1 +
 2 + ....
 = 180 0 - ( + + ... + ) = 180 0 - 360 0 =

1
2

= 1800 - 2 1800 = ( - 2) 180 0 =

= 2( - 2) o

-1
-1 4
1
3
2

-1

25.

4 .
:
 1 +
 2 + ... +
 =

 1 ) + (180 -
 2 ) + ... + (180 -
) =
= (180 -
1 +
 2 + ... +
 ) = 180 - ( - 2) 180 =
= 180 - (
= 180 - 180 + 2 180 = 360 0

1
4
2

01. :

:
.

:
.

:
:

.
.
.

1 , 2 2 . '
x, y 1 , 65 0

40 0 , . .
 1 = 650
 1 = 40 0

1 =
 1 (1)

, 1 , 2
1 =
 2 (2)

' x, Ky.

650

400

 1 +
 +
 2 = 1800 ( )

2
0
0
0
0
0





1 + + 1 = 180 65 + + 40 = 180 = 75

(1,2)

02. :

:
.

:
.

:
, :
.
.
.
.

( = )
. (, )

, .


= () =
 = 
=
 ||
 =

( )

(, ) .
x .

x .
( )
x||

x ()

03. -
( ) :

:
- .

:
.

:
:
.

, = ,
, = 2. : = .

=

 1 = 2
 2.



 =
1 +

1 +
 2 = 2
2 +

1 =
2 +
 (1)

 :

1

 =
 2 +  (2)



(1),(2) : = 1 = .
2


A
=
 - .

, : 2
x

 , :


 
 









= + x = = - - = -
2
2 2
2 2
 
 = - 2
=
 - 

04. ( ) :
:
.

:
.

:
, , .
 +
 +
 = 180 0 (
:
) .

.
-
 = 30 0 .
 = 75 0 .


  
 +
1 +
 = 180 0
 + +
 = 90 0 + + +

2
2 2 2


 
 = 900 + -
 +
 = 900 + -

2
2
2 2
0


 = 900 - -
 = 90 0 - 30
 = 900 - 150 = 750

2
2

12

.
= 2
.

+
 +  = 180 0

+
 +
 =
 + 90 0 + 


0
0

+ 90 + = 180

   = 






 - =
 =

 = 2

+ = + + +
2 2 2
2
2

05. ( ) :

:
.

:
.

:
, , .
 +
 +
 = 180 0 (
:
) .

180 0 :
= 180 0 .
+
 +  +
 = 360 0
:
>


. = - .

2




   

0
0

+ + + = 360 + + + = 180

2 2 2 2



 ( . )

= +

,
    
 -
 = + + + - -  -
 =
= 180 0 -
2 2 2 2 2

 

 
 - 


= + + -2 = - =
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2

06. ( ) :

:
.

:
.

:
:

() .
, ,
.

 = 60 0
( 
= 90 0 )
.
.

+
 +
 = 180 0 90 0 + 60 0 +  = 180 0
 = 300




( ) .

 =
 = 300

07. :

:
.

:
.

:
:

- 2 - 4 .
- 4 .
900 .
.

.
( 2 4) 90 = 900 2 4 = 10 2 = 14 = 7
.

.
4 , 4 .

( 2 4) 90 = 360 2 4 = 4 2 = 8 = 4

NH

1.
 . B

, .
.
2.
< . , .
. .
3.

x , 2 x , 3 x
.

 +
 .

= 90 .
4.

 . y
xOy
x . = .
5.

. : = + .
6.
( 
= 90)
 . ,


: = .
7.
-
 = 90 .

 = 45 .

8.
=3
 .
,

NH

9.

= 60  = 50 . , .
10.
, .
= = . :

||

||

11.
. = (, ). :

||

12.
, ,
 +
 +
 .

13.
 = 20 0 +  ,

 ,
 ,
 .
= .

14.

( = ) 
= .
2


.
15.
 = 60 , = 2 . :

.
.
 = 90 .

16.
 =2
 .

= . .

NH

17.
(,R) 
, = R. O
 .
O

18.

= 45 0
. :
. =
19.
.
 .
: 
= 2
20.

= 90 )
( 
. .
21.
( = ) ,
. o . .
22.

= 90 0 ) =
( A
( ) = ( ). :
 +
 = 270 0 .


= 135 0

23.
.
.
:

= + +

24.

 .
 x

x .
:

= =

NH

25.
 = 2 .

. .
26.
< . ,
= . :

-


0



= 90 +

=
2
2
27.
. ,
, = = .


0

, , : = 90 +
2
28.
xx||. xx (
) = = . .
29.
,
, . .
30.
, .
, , .
31.
( = ) 
> 30 0 .
 300 = .
=

 = 15 0 .
:
32.

 ,


 
 = +.
:
2

NH

33.


= 90 0 ),
( A
,
 .

=
 = 45 0 .
:

34.
// , = , = 
= 100 0 .
.
 .
35.
.
.
.
.
 .


.
36.

= .
(,)
= . , , .
37.
( = ) .  ,

.
38.


. ,
.
39.

 = 2
 .

.

NH

.
= +
40.
( = ) . x
- .
 .

41.
, . .
 = 90 0 .

42.
( = ) ,
, = = .
.


01.
:

.
:

:
.
:

, .
02.
:
.
.

1.

= =
=
( )
2.
 
 
= =

3. = ( )
:

1. =
=
( ) = =
2.

= (

3.
)
03.

:
|| || || , = .


04. 1
-

A
:

=


2. = ()

3. = ()

1.

||, || .

05. 2
-

A
:

=
||

2. = ()
.
= (||)

3.

1.

06. 3
.

A
+ + +
= 360 2
+ 2 = 360
+ = 180 ||

+
= 180 ||

.
07. 4

A
:

1. =

=
||

2. = ()

||

3. = ()
.


08.

.
.
:
= 90

= ( ) = 90

+ = 180 ( )
= 90

+ + +
= 360
= 90

.
:
:
1.

2. =

3. =

09.
:

().
.

:
1.
180 0

2. = = =
= 90 0 .
2
3. =

10.
-


11.

.
.

.
:
= = . , -

. .

.
:

, , ,
, .
12.
:

().
.

:
( ) ( ).

= -

.
:

( ) .
=
.
13.

,
.


:
() () .
14.

= . -

||

||

( ) || = .
|| = ( = )
.
|| =

1
( = , = ).
2

15.

,
.

|| .

,
||.

, . .

16.
()
,

1
1

:
||. -

= (1) , = (2) .
, ||.
, = (1), (2)
= .


17.
1, 2 . () //1//2,

1, 2 .

:
||, -

= .
2

= (= = ) ||, ||. .
18. ( )

2
3

:
,

.
,
=

2
.
3

, = .

A K : , : || ||


||
A : , : ||

. .

A = A =
A =

= 2
= =
=
2
2
= 2( - ) = 2 - 2 3 = 2
2
= .
3
2
2
= = .
3
3


19. ( )

().

:
,,

. , , -

, .

, , ,
,
,

.
20.

.

:
( = ) || ( ).
|| .

.
= .
= =
=

.
2


21.
-

,
.
:

= =
=

= .

+
= +
= 1800 -
2
= 1800
= 900.

2
1

.
22.
30,

.

300

( = ).

=
2
= 30 0 = 600 . .
= = 60 0
= 60 0 ).
( =
1

= =

2
1

23.

30.

:
=

= = . 2

, 600.
= 60 0 = 30 0 .


24.

:
.

:
.

. .
25.
.

:
.

1. BZ = Z ()

=
( )
2.
=
()
3.

= =
. , :

|| ||(||)
=

+ +
=
=
2
2
2

26.
-

:
, ||.

, .

||, ( ).


,,

= -

-
=
2
2
2

27.

28.

,
.

:
, .

=
2. = ( )
3. = ( )

1.

= 1800 -
= 180 0 -
=

:
. :

2. = ( ) =

=
3.

1.

29.
.

:
. :

3. = ( )

1.
= ()
2.


.
:
. :

1.

=
2. = ()

1
1

3. = ( )
. :

1.
=

2. = ()

= ( )
3.
1
1

01. :
:
.
:
, , .
:

:
( ) .
:
.
.
.
.
, :
.

= = = . .

= ( )
= (1)
=
 ( )

= ()

= ()

= ( )
= (2)
 =
 ( )

(1), (2) : .

, . ,
, , .

: , , =||
2

: , , =||
2
=||

, , ,
.
.

,

= (1) = (2).

= + = + 2 = 2

= (3)

(1) (3) :
.
02.

( ) :

:
, ., .

:
.

:
.
( )
.

:

.

:
( )
( ) .

: , , ,

=||
(1)
2

: , , ,

=||
(2)
2
(1),(2) :

=|| .
03. :

:
.

:
() .

:
(
) :

:

, .

:
.

:
.

, , ,
, .

=|| ( ),
||.

: ||.

= (1)
: ||.

= (2)
(1) (2) : = = .

A , ,
.
.

2
2
=
=
(1)
3
3 2
3
:

2
2
=
=
(2)
3
3 2
3

=
(3)

= - - = 3
3
3
(1),(2),(3) .

04. ( ) :

:
.

:
, .

:
( ) .

,
.

, .

,
, , .

,
, .

( =||, )

.
' -

05. :

:
.

:
, , .

 = 90 0 ) :
(
= = = 2 .
.
 = 90 0 ) (
300 ( 150 , 600) :

300 .
150 , , 300 ( )
...

600 , 300 ...

.

 = 30 0
( 
= 90 0 )
. = =

 = 300 ) = (1)
= ( ,

0


, = 30 ,

.
3

= ( )

(1)

2 = 2 = - 3 = =
3

300

( 
= 90 0 ) = 4.
.
.
= = .

= 4 2 = 4 = 2
 = 30 0.

:
 =
 +


300

150

  = 150
300 = 2

,
 = 900 -  = 900 - 150 = 750

06. :

:
.

:
, .

:
.
:
.
.

' , ( - ) .
.


.
+
 = 1800 ,
 = 90 0


( - )

,
.

= 2 . ,
, .
, .

( , )

= 2 2 = 2 =
,
,

.
07. :

:
.

:
, .

:
.
:
.
.
.

= 90 ) = 30 ,
( A
. = .
.

= ||
(1)

2

(1) : 2 = || = ||
: (2) .

 = 90 0

=
= (3)

0
2
= 30
(2) (3) : .

300

, , , , , ,
.

|| (1), ||

( , =||)
|| (2), ||

( , =||)
(1) (2) : (3)

( )
. : =

,
 (4)
.
(3), (4) .
08. :

:
.

:
, .

:
.
:
.
.
. , .

(1)
2

. : , , , =||
(2)
2
(1),(2) : =||
().
. : , , , =||

, , : = 2

=
= ()

, , : =

, , : ||

, , : || ()

(), () () .
09. :

:
.

:
, .

:
:
.

, .

,

.

. ', ', ' , , ' ,
: ' = ' + '.

' ''
' + '
' =
(1)
2
' (,' , '') :

'
(2)
2
(1) (2) :

' =

' ' + '

=
' = ' + '
2
2

(||) . = +
 .
, 

. =

+
=
2
2

.
2
 =
 (1)
 =
 (2)
:

||||
 =
 (3)
 =
 (4)

 =
 .

(1), (3) :

 =
 .

(2), (4) :

.
, .
, , .

: = (1)

2
||

: = (2)

2
||

, , :
-
2 -

=
=
=
(3)
2
2
2
' (1),(2),(3) .

10. :

:
.

:
, .

:
:
.
.
,
.

:
.
.

(||) = = = .
.
1 =
1

. :

 
1 = 2 =
1 =
2
2
|| :

( = ) :
 2 (= )

 =



3





= 1 + 2 = + =
= .
2
2


3
0


 = 1800 5
 = 360 0
 = 720 = 
+ = 180
+
2

 = 180 0 -
 = 180 0 - 72 0 = 108 0 =


. .

:
, .

|| :
.

= = = .

= .

1.
' .

, :

=

2.
, = .
.
3.
,
. :
= 2
= 2
.
4.
, ,
, , = = = . .
5.
= .
= .
:

,


6.
.
, = .
7.
= .
, :
.
=
.

8.

, . = .
9.
. ,
:
||

||

10.
. = (,
). :
||

2 =

11.
. ,
.
12.
.

. = .
13.
, , , , ,
, = = .
.
.
14.
= 2 . , = = .
.
15.
, , , ,
. .
.

16.
.
17.
, = 2, , ,
. :
.

18.
.
 = 135 0 .
,
19.
 .


= 2

. , , , ,
.
20.
A
.
: + = .
21.
, , = = . :
=

, .

22.

,, , , .
= .
23.
,
. :

.
.

24.
, , . , .
25.
0
 = 30 0 ,

( =90
)

, . = .
.
26.
,, , ,
, . :

, .

27.
, , , ,
. :

.
28.
, =
= . , .
29.
, =
= . , .
30.
, . ,
, , , :

 = 90 0

=

31.
< , .
 =
-
.

32.
 = 75 0 .
,

. ;
4

33.
=
 = 90 0 .
, = .
34.
=2 . ,
, .
35.
. .
, : + =

.
2

36.
= 3. ,
 = 90 0 .
= = . ,
37.
 .
= 90 0 )
(

.
.
38.
.
. ,
.
39.
= 90 0 ) , , , (

= .
.

40.
= 90 0 ) ,
(
, 
= 90 0 .

41.
.
.
.
42.
.
. . .
43.

= = = .
.
44.
= 90 0 )  = 15 0. (

.
. = 8.
45.
, , . ,
, .
46.
o e a
, = 1/3 = 1/3 .
:
=
.
47.
, ,
, : 4 = .

48.
= .
, :

=
= 2
49.
.
,
. .
50.
 = 30 0 = 90 0 )
(

. :

=
= 3
51.
. = = .
:

.
, , .
52.
.
, .
.
53.
,
,
.

.

54.
.

.
3
, = 2.
, =

55.
.
.
56.

 = 90 0 , > , = 4
 = 60 0 .

=
, , .
:

= .
.
57.
(||)
, , , , , , ,
.
58.
. , ,
, .
59.
. ,
, = = .

.


.
60.
(//) = = .

.

61.
( < ) .
= = . ,
, :

, , .
||
.
62.
(//) =

3
, ,
2

, , .
:

.
2 = , .
63.
 = 90 0 , ,

=

2 = = . :

.
.
 = 600.
.
.
64.
( 
= 90 0)  = 30 0 . , , , , , ,
. = .
:

.
.
, .
.
65.
(//) .
,
.

66.
(||) = 3, ,
.
.
;
67.
(||) = = 3 ,
. :

68.
 = 45 0.
( < )

. :

.
.
69.
 = 90 0, = 2
=3
 .
(||) 
=

. :
 = 45 0 = 4 =
70.
AE B , .
.
71.
 = 90 0
 = 60 0, , ,
=


= 8, = 2 ( ).

.
= 4 .
.
72.
(||) . .

73.
(||, < ) .
:

.
=

-
2

>

+
2

74.
(||, < )
. , , ,
:

, .

-
2
, , ,
=

.
75.
:

 = 2,
 = 3,
 = 4, .
= ,
.


01.

.
02.
.
,

(
).

03.
-

, ( ).
x

04. o
-

05.
.

( = = = ).
E
=

= .

+

(+)

=
= 2

=
=
2

= 2.
+ )

+
= 2(


06.
-



 = (
 = )

 =
:
2
2

.
A

180 0

: =
=
= 900
2
2
-

.
A





 = ,
 = ...  =
 =

:  =
,
2
2
2
-

.
A


(+)


 +


=
+

=

2
2
2

2
360 0
0


+
=
+
= 180 0
( + = 360 )

07.

.
A

 
=
( ) =
||
2
2


= .


08.

( )
=
=

( )
=

09.

.
( ).

.
( ).

10.

(,R) .
A


=
(+)
2


2


 +


+
=
+
=

2
2
2
360 0
0



+
= 180 0
( + = 360 ) + =

 +
 = 1800

 +  = 360 - 180 0 = 180 0


11.

,
.
A


 =

 =

2


 =

12.

.
A

 +  = 180 0 ()

=

0

+ = 180 ( )

13.

, , .


 ).
(


.

, , , .
14.

.
A

.

, ,

.
, , , .

15.

.
A

 +  = 1800
 = 180 0 .
+


=

01. :

:
.

:
.

:
,
.

,
( ) .

(, ) .
:
 +
 =



 +
 = 90 0



 +



 +
 =

+
=
=
2
2
2
2
 +
 =



=
2

(1)

( = = )
 = .


,
 +
 +
 = 180 0

(1)

 +
 = 1800
2

 + 2
 = 1800
 +
 = 90 0
2

, (,), , , , .
.

 =

 =
 =
 =

=

,
 =
 =
 =


= = = (1)

= ,
 = 60 0.

= = (2)
(1), (2) : = = .

,
' , , . || .
( ).

:
 : ()

=
 (1)

 :


:
 : ()

 
= (2)


:
 =
 ||
(1),(2) :

  - )
( ,
02. :
:
, , .
:
.
:
.
, :
, 300 .

(O,) , 
, Bx . = .
 =
 ( )



= ( )

 =
 ( - )

 =
 (1)

 = 900 ( )

(2)
(1),(2) :

, = .

, . ,
, , , .
.
 = 90 0 ( )

 = 900 ( )

 +
 = 1800



,

, , .
 = 30 0 ,
(,) ,

.
: = .

.
 = 90 0 ( )

0

= 90 ( )
 +
 = 1800



,

, , .

03. :

:
, , .

:
.

:
:

.
.
.
,
, , . || .

.
 = '
 (' )
'

0


'+ = 180 (' )

 = 180 0
'+

  '
',
' ' .

'||'.
04. :

:
.

:
, .

:
,
:

.
.
.
, , .
= .

 = 90 0 ) :
 +  = 90 0
(



= (1)

 = 90 0 ) :
 +  = 90 0
(

 =
 (2)
( ) :
 =

(1), (2) :
.

, , .
,
.

 = 900
,
.

=
 (1)
=
 = 900
,
.
 =
 (2)
=

=
 = 900 (
 +
 = 180 0 )

 .

 (3)
=

 =
 , .
(1), (2), (3) :

1.
i ,
.
2.
.

.
.
3.
,
.
4.
.
. , .
5.
, , = .
( = ) 
= 80 0 (, ).



 .
, ,
6.
.
. ,
:
= .

=

7.
,

' , , .
|| .

8.
, .

. . = .
9.
,
.
10.
0

( =90
). 

. .
:

=
11.
< (, ).
, .
 =
-
 .

12.
0

 =80 0 .
=120

.
. :
.
 =


13.
(,).
.
, .
14.
(, )
.
. , = .

15.
(, ) Ax || Ax, .
.
16.
(, ), .
.

, = .
17.
(,),
. ,
 .

=
18.
, , ,
.
= .
19.

, , , , . , ,
. ( Simson)
20.
, .
21.
. , ||.
22.
(, ).
. ||.

23.

.

.
24.
,
(, ). . .
25.
.
.
. = .
26.
(, ), (, ) .
(, ) (, ).
.
27.
, ,
.
28.
(, ) .

.
:


.
29.
, . . .


1.
, . , .

= ( )

 = (.


= ()

=
.

2.
 = .
Ox, Oy xOy
 , = .
xOy

, Ox, Oy , , = .

OA O :

= ()



1 = 2 ( )
... ,
 =

= (1)
OM =

x
B
A

'A ' :

 = '
 ( )
'

... ,...
' = ' (2)

= (1)
 = '
 ()
'

(1) + (2) :
+ ' = + ' ' = '

M
O

A y


3.
, ,
= = .
.

= ()

= ( )

 =
 ( )

... ... = (1)

:

= ()

= ( )



= ( )
... ... = (2)
(1) (2) : = = .

4.
. , : - < < .

, :
< + (+)
+ < + + 2
< +
+ < + 2 + + < 2 + 2 2 < 2 + 2

- <
(1)
,
:
< + (+)
2 < + + +
< +
2 < + + 2 < 2 <

(1), (2) : - < <

(2)


5.

 = 90 0 )
(
= .
x = .

.

 =
 (1) = (2)
= = :
= =

' (1) ||

 - ),
(,

 =
 (3),

(|| ).
 =
 (4)
' (2)

(. ).
 =

.
(3), (4) :

6.
o . x y. x, y ,
, = = .
= 90 0.

=
1
,
 =  2

( x||z ),
 1 =  2 (1)

(1,2)

 3 +  4 = 1800 2( 2 +  3 ) = 180 0

:  1 +  2 +
 3 = 900 ,
 = 90 0 .
 2 +

=
4
,
 =  3

( y||z ),
 3 =  4 (2)

3
4


7.
.

.
: , , ,

=||
(1)
2

: , , ,

=|| (2)
2
(1),(2) : =||

8.

, . , ,
, , , .

,
=|| ( ).
, .

,
=||

= :

= ,

= ,
 = 

.
, .


9.
. = 2.

||.

:
||.

= (1).
:

||.
= (2).

(1) + (2) :

(1)

+ = + + = 2 =

10.

 = 15 0
( 
= 90 0 )
= 4.

.
= = =

(1).
2

 =
 + 
 = 2 = 300.

 = 30 0

(1) 2

=
=
=
= 4
2
2
4

150

11.
, , , ,
.

(, , ) :

 .
(, , ) :

=
(1)
2
0


: = 90 :

=
(2)
2
(1) (2) =

12.
,,,

, :
+ + + = 4

' ''
' + '
' =
(1)
2
' AA''
' + '
' =
(2)
2

(1) + (2) :
2' =

' + ' ' + '

' + ' + ' + '
2' =
4' = ' + ' + ' + '.
+
2
2
2


13.
(||) .
 = 90 0.
= +

+
=
2
2

=
.
2
 = 90 0.

14.
E (||) = + .

 .

 .


.
 =
 ( )

 =
 ( , ||)

, = (1)
' :
(1)

= + = + - = =
.

 =
 ( )



= ( , ||)
 = ,
 .