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DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
Topic 5
Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this topic, students should be able to:
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
Moment Area
Method
ECS 448 - DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
AM
EI
dx
The notation
is referred to as the
angle of the tangent at B measured
with respect to the tangent at A.
The
angle
is
measured
counterclockwise from tangent A to
tangent B if the area of the M/EI
diagram is positive (clockwise if the
area of M/EI diagram is negative i.e.
below the x axis)
Slide 11 of 95
Topic 5 Deformation
M
dx
EI
The vertical deviation of the tangent at a point (A) on the elastic curve with respect
to the tangent extended from another point (B) equals the moment of the area
under the M/EI diagram between the two points (A and B). This moment is
computed about point A (the point on the elastic curve), where the deviation is to
be determined.
t A/ B tB/ A
ECS 448 - DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
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Topic 5 Deformation
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 1
Determine the slope at points B and C of the beam shown below.
Take E = 200GPa and I = 360(106)mm4. (Theorem 1).
10 kN
B
A
C
5m
5m
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 1
Step 1.
Draw M/EI diagram. Draw normal BMD by assuming EI is a constant value.
10 kN
MX
MX + = 0
MX = - 10 (X)
M0 = 0 kNm #
M5 = - 50 kNm #
M10 = - 100 kNm #
Step 2.
Draw Elastic Curve diagram then draw a tangent line at point A, B and C.
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 1
Step 3.
Apply Moment Area Theorem (Theorem No. 1)
B/A =
AM
EI
dx
B/A can be determined by calculating the area from M/EI diagram between A and B
1 50kNm
50kNm
B = B / A =
( 5m )
( 5m )
EI
2
EI
375kNm 2
=
= 0.00521rad
EI
C = C / A =
1 100 kNm
(10 m)
2
EI
500 kNm 2
=
= 0.00694 rad
EI
Note : The ve sign indicates that the angle is measured clockwise from A
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 2
Determine the deflection at points B and C of the beam shown in the figure below.
Values for the moment of inertia of each segment are indicated in the figure. Take
E = 200 Gpa. (Theorem 2).
500 N.m
IAB = 8 x 106 mm4
A
B
3m
4m
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 2
Step 1.
Draw M/EI diagram. Draw normal BMD by assuming EI is a constant value.
Take I = 4 x 106 mm4 then Member AB = 2I and member BC = I
M
500 N.m
2EI
EI
X
Step 2.
Draw Elastic Curve diagram then draw a tangent line at point A, B and C.
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 2
Step 3.
Apply Moment Area Theorem (Theorem No. 2)
t B/A = x
B
M
dx
EI
t B/A can be determined by calculating the area from M/EI diagram between A and B
250Nm
B = t B/A =
(4m) (2m)
EIBC
2000Nm 3
B =
= 2.5mm
EIBC
250Nm
500Nm
C = t C/A =
(4m) (5m) +
(3m) (1.5m)
EIBC
EIBC
7250Nm 3
C =
= 9.06mm
EIBC
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 3
Determine the slope at points C of the beam shown in the figure below. Take E =
200 GPa., I = 360 x 106 mm4
40 kN
C
2m
4m
2m
Note:
When dealing with unsymmetrical loadings, you may need to combined both theorem 1 & 2.
ECS 448 - DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 3
Step 1.
Draw M/EI diagram. Draw normal BMD by assuming EI is a constant value.
MX + = 0
M
EI
20
EI
60
EI
MX = 10 (X)
10 kN
MX
X
M0 = 0 kNm #
M2 = 20 kNm #
2m
M6 = 60 kNm #
Step 2.
4m
2m
Draw Elastic Curve diagram then draw a tangent line at point A, B and C.
Since the deflection is actually very small
tB/ A
=
L AB
C = C/A
ECS 448 - DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
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t B/A
=
C/A
L AB
Topic 5 Deformation
Example 3
Step 3.
Apply Moment Area Theorem (Theorem No. 1 & No. 2)
M
EI
20
EI
Theorem 2;
3
X
2m
4m
2m
Theorem 1;
t B/A = x
B
60
EI
M
dx
A EI
C/A =
B/A
1
2
1
60kN.m
1
60kN.m
(2m) (2m)
+ 2m + (6m) (6m)
3
2
EI
3
2
EI
800kN.m 3
=
EI
2
1
20kN.m 20kN.m
= (2m)
=
C/A 2
EI
EI
M
dx
EI
Since
C =
t B/A
C/A
LAB
800kN.m 3 20kN.m 2
C =
(8m )EI
EI
80kN.m 2
C =
= 0.00111rad
EI
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 4
Determine the deflection at points C of the beam shown in the figure below. Take E
= 200 GPa., I = 250 x 106 mm4
6 kN/m
8m
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8m
Topic 5 Deformation
Example 4
Step 1.
Draw M/EI diagram. Draw normal BMD by assuming EI is a constant value.
Member AB From Left
(0<x<8)
MX + = 0
MX = -25 (X)
M0 = 0 kNm #
M8 = -192 kNm #
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 4
Step 2.
Draw Elastic Curve diagram then draw a tangent line at point A, B and C.
C = tC/A '
C = tC/A 2t B/A
' t B/A
16 = 8
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Topic 5 Deformation
Example 4
Step 3.
Apply Moment Area Theorem (Theorem No. 2)
A
Theorem 2; tC/A
M
= x dx
EI
C
t B/A = x
B
M
dx
EI
3
1
192kN.m 1
1
192kN.m
tC/A = (8m) (8m)
+ (8m) + 8m (8m)
4
3
EI
3
2
EI
tC/A
11264kN.m 3
=
EI
1
1
192kN.m
t B/A = (8m) (8m)
EI
3
2
t B/A
2048kN.m 3
=
EI
11264
2048
2
EI
EI
7168
C = = 0.143m
EI
C =
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Topic 5 Deformation
Review
Problems
ECS 448 - DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
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Topic 5 Deformation
Problem 1
Calculate displacement and slope at point D of the beam shown in the Figure P1
using the Moment-Area Theorems. Take E = 200 GPa., I = 60 x 106 mm4 .
20 kN
A
B
C
5m
D
8m
7m
Figure P1
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Topic 5 Deformation
Problem 2
Calculate displacement and slope at point D of the beam shown in the Figure P2
using the Moment-Area Theorems. Take E = 200 GPa., I = 60 x 106 mm4 .
20 kN
20 kN
B
C
5m
D
3m
E
7m
5m
Figure P2
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Topic 5 Deformation
Problem 3
Calculate displacement and slope at point D of the beam shown in the Figure P3
using the Moment-Area Theorems. Take E = 200 GPa., I = 60 x 106 mm4 .
20 kN.m
B
A
C
5m
D
7m
5m
Figure P3
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Topic 5 Deformation