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. Topic :.--
A 300 kVA transformer has 95 % efficiency at full load 0.8 pf lagging and 96 % efficiency at half load ,
unity pf
1)The iron loss ( ) and copper loss(
[A]
[C]
. GATE-2006(
.(
. GATE-2007(
[B]
[D]
[B] 96.2
[D]96.4
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4)Asingle-phase 50 kVA, 250 V/500V two windingtransformer has an efficiency of 95% at full load , unity
power factor.If it is reconfigured as a 500 V/ 750V auto transformer , its efficiency atits new rated load at
unity power factor will be
an
[A] 95.752 %
[C]98.276%
.(
[B] 97.851%
[D]99.241%
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S,B
5)Three single-Phase transformers are connected to form a 3-Phase transformer bank. The transformers are
connected in the following manner
[A] Yd0
[C]Yd6
[B] Yd1
[D]Yd11
[A] W1 and W2
[C]W1 and w4
[B] W2 and W4
[D]W2 and W3
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7) The core of a two-winding transformer is subjected to a magnetic flux variation as indicated in the figure
[B]
ga
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[A]
[D]
S,B
an
[C]
[A]
[C]
watts
watts
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8)The full load copper loss of a transformer working at unity power factor is
load at 0.8 pf will be (primary and secondary power factors are equal)
[B] 0.8
[D]
.(
watts
watts
9)A 3-phase balanced sinusoidal rated voltage is fed to the star side of a star / delta bank of three single
phase transformers having the same turns ratios . A voltmeter across an open corner of the secondary
delta records about 50% of the normal phase voltage . This voltage is due to
[A] wrong polarity connections
[C]unequal p.u impedance of the transformer
10)A 5 KVA , 50 Hz , 1- transformer has a ratio 200 / 400 V . The data taken on the LV side at the rated
voltage shows the open circuited wattage as 100 W. The mutual inductance between the primary and
secondary windings is 2H . Neglect the effect of winding resistances and leakage reactances . What value
will be the current taken by the transformer if the no load test conducted on HV side ?
.(
[A] 0.4 A
[C]0.25 A
[B] 0.318 A
[D]0.296 A
11)A star/star/delta transformer with primary , secondary and tertiary voltages of 11,000 V , 1000V , 400V ,
has a magnetizing current of 3A . There is a balanced load of 600 KVA at 0.8 pf lag on the secondary
winding and balanced load of 150 KW on the tertiary winding . Neglecting losses , tertiary phase current if
the primary pf is 0.82 lag is
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.(
[A] 33.1 A
[C]25.4 A
[B] 18.9 A
[D]40.4 A
12)Assertion (a) : The magnitude of inrush current in 3-phase transformer is of lower intensity as compared to
single phase transformers
Reason (r) : Maximum inrush current in three legged core type transformer is one-third of that if it were
operated on one leg as a single phase transformer .
.(
[A] Both (a) and (r) are true and (r) is the correct
reason for (a)
[C]Both (a) and (r) are false
[B] Both (a) and (r) are true and (r) is not the correct
reason for (a)
[D](a) is true but (r) is false
. IES-2004(
lor
14)Assertion (A): Delta-connected tertiary windings tend to act as an automatic feed back control system.
Reason(R) : In the event of unbalance secondary load currents, both secondary and primary load voltages
are restored to their normal phase magnitude and angle.
an
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[C]1J
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[A]
S,B
15)A coil of 1000 turns is wound on a core. A current of 1A flowing through the coil creates a core flux of
1mwb. What is the energy stored in the magnetic field?
. IES-2005(
[B]
[D]2J
16)Match List-1 (Type of coil) with List-II (Use of coil) and select the correct answer using the codes given
below the lists:
List-I
A. Sandwitch coils
B. Disc coils
C. Cross -over coils
Spiral type
List-II
1. Low voltage coils for currents above 100A
2. High voltage windings of small transformers
3. Cooling oils is contact with each turn of the winding
4. Shell-type transformer core
. IES-2005(
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17)Match List-I(Test) with List-II(Quantities) and select the correct answer using the code given below the
lists:
List-I
A. O C Test
B. S C Test
C. Sumpner's Test
D. Load Test
List-II
1. Copper loss and iron loss
2. Total losses
3. Iron loss
4. Copper loss
. IES-2005(
18)A short-circuit test, when performed on the h.v side of a 10 kVA, 2000/400 V, single-phase transformer
gave the following data :
60 V, 40 A, 100 watts
If the l.v side is delivering full load (or rated ) current at 0.8 pf lag and at 400 V, find the voltage applied to
h.v side
.(
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[A] 1 V
[C]4 mV
lor
[B] 1032.9 V
[D]4131.6 V
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[A] 2065.8 V
[C]3098.7 V
.(
[B] -1 V
[D]0.4 V
[A] 103 A, 17 kW
[C]103 A, 8.5 kW
IE
S,B
20)The high voltage and low voltage windings of a 6600/250 V, 50 Hz, 1-Phase transformer have resistances
of 0.21 and
and reactances of 1.0 and
respectively. Determine the current
and power input when the high voltage winding is connected to a 400 V, 50 Hz supply, the low voltage
winding being short circuited
.(
. IES-2001(
21)A single -phase transformer when supplied from 220V, 50Hz has eddy current loss of 50W. If the
transformer is connected to a voltage of 330V, 50Hz,t the eddy current loss will be
[A] 168.75W
[C]75W
[B] 112.5W
[D]50W
22)In case of auto transformers , which of the following statements are correct?
1. An auto transformers requires less copper as compared to a conventional, 2-winding transformers of the
same capacity.
2. An auto transformer provides isolation between the primary and secondary windings.
3. An auto transformer has less leakage reactance as compared to the conventional, 2-winding
transformer of the same capacity.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] 1,2 and 3
[C]1 and 3
. IES-2001(
. IES-2002(
[B] 1 and 2
[D]2 and 3
23)Generally the no-load losses of an electrical machine is represented in its equivalent circuit by a
[A] parallel resistance with a low value
[C]parallel resistance with a high value
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. IES-2002(
. IES-2002(
25)A two winding transformer is used as an auto transformer. The KVA rating of the auto transformer
compared to the two winding transformer will be
[A] 3 times
[C]1.5 times
[B] 2 times
[D]same
lor
26)A 20KVA, 2000/200V,1-phase transformer has name-plate leakage impedance of 8% Voltage required to
be applied on the high voltage side to circulate full -load current with the low voltage winding short circuited
will be
. IES-2002(
[B] 56.56 V
[D]568.68 V
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[A] 16 V
[C]160 V
S,B
an
27)The full-load copper loss and iron-loss of a transformer are 6400W and 5000W at half load will be,
respectively
. IES-2002(
[A] 9.1 A
[C]45.0 A
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28)In a 100 KVA, 1100/220V, 50 HZ single-phase transformer with 2000 turns on the high-voltage side, the
open circuit test result gives 200V, 91 A, 5KWA on low-voltage side. The core-loss component of current
is, approximately
. IES-2002(
. IES-2002(
. IES-2002(
[B] 22.7 A
[D]91 A
29)Possible three -to -three phase transformer connection for parallel operation is
[A]
[C]
[B]
[D]
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31)A 4KVA,400/200V single -phase transformer has resistance of 0.02 p.u and reactance of 0.06 p.u. Its
actual resistance and reactance referred to h.v.side, are, respectively
[A] 0.2 ohm and 0.6 ohm
[C]0.08 0hm and 0.24 ohm
. IES-2002(
. IES-2002(
32)A delta /star transformer has a phase -to-phase voltage transformation ratio of K
[B] K
[D]
33)Two 10KV/440V, 1-phase transformers of ratings 600 KVA and 350KVA are connected in parallel to share
a load of 800KVA. The reactance of the transformers, referred to the secondary side are 0.0198 and
0.0304 respectively (resistance negligible). The load share by the two transformers will be , respectively
. IES-2002(
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34)Two transformers, with equal voltage ratio and negligible excitation current, connected in parallel, share
load in the ratio of their KVA rating only, if their p.u. impedance s(based on their own KVA) are
(a) equal
(b) in the inverse ratio of their rating
(c) in the direct ratio of their ratings
(d) purely reactive
S,B
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DIRECTION:
The following three items consist of two statements, one labelled as 'Assertion A' and the other labelled as
'Reason R'. You are to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the Assertion A and the
Reason R are individually true and if so, whether the reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
Select your answers to these items using the codes given below :
IE
. IES-2002(
35)Assertion(A): The distribution transformers are designed for minimum core losses.
Reason(R): Primary windings of distribution transformers are energized throughout the day.
. IES-2002(
[B] Both A and R are true but R is the not the correct
explanation of A
[D]A is false but R is true
. IES-2003(
. IES-2003(
38)A coil of 1000 turns of wound on a core. A current of 1A flowing through the coil creates a core flux of
1mwb. The energy stored in the magnetic field is
. IES-2003(
[A] 0.25J
[C]1J
[B] 0.5J
[D]2J
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39)Consider the following statements relating to the constructional features of a large power transformer:
1. The conservator is used to maintain the level of oil in the transformer tank
2. The bushing is used to protect transformer insulation against lightning over-voltages
3. The Buchholz relay is an over current relay
4. Silica gel is used to absorb moisture
Which of these statements are correct?
[A] 1,2,3 and 4
[C]1 and 4
. IES-2003(
. IES-2003(
[B] 2 and 3
[D]1, 2 and 4
40)two transformers operating in parallel will share the load depending upon their
[A] Ratings
[C]Efficiency
S,B
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41)A1 kVA,200/100v,50Hz, single-phase transformer gave the following test results on 50Hz;
OC (LV side) : 100V, 20 watts
SC (HV side) : 5A, 25 watts
It is assumed that no-load loss components are equally divided. The above tests were then conducted on
the same transformer at 40 Hz.
tests results were:
OC (HV) : 160V,
watts
SC (LV) : 10 A,
watts
Neglecting skin effect,
and
will be
(a)
= 16 watts,
= 25 watts
(b)
= 25 watts,
= 31.25 watts
(c)
= 20 watts,
= 20 watts
(d)
= 14.4 watts,
= 25 watts
DIRECTION:
The following four items consists of two statements, one labelled as "Assertion A' and the other labelled as
'Reason R'. You are to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the Assertion A and the
Reason R are individually true and if so, whether the reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
Select your answers to these items using the codes given below.
IE
. IES-2003(
42)if per unit impedance of two transformers connected in parallel are not equal, then which one of the
following statements is correct?
. IES-2003(
43)Three single phase 11000/220v transformers are connected to form 3-phase transformer bank.. High
voltage side is connected in star, and low voltage side is in delta. What are the voltage ratings and turn
ratio of 3-phase transformer?
. IES-2005(
[A] 19052/220V,50
[C]11000/381V, 50
[B] 19052/220V, 50
[D]11000/220V, 50
44)If the wave form of the voltage impressed on the primary of a Y-delta bank contains 5th harmonics, What
are the wave form of the resultant voltages of the primary and the secondary?
. IES-2005(
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45)Assertion (A): For obtaining improved magnetic properties, the transformer magnetic core is assembled
using cold-rolled silicon-steel sheets.
Reason (R) : The laminations for the core could be cut out of the cold-rolled silicon stell sheets,cutting
either in the direction of rolling or transverse therof, without effecting the magnetic properties in any way.
. IES-2005(
46)Which three-phase connection can be used in a transformer to introduce a phase difference of 300
between its output and corresponding input align voltages?
. IES-2006(
[A] Star-delta
[C]Delta-star
[B] Star-star
[D]Delta-zigzag
47)What is the efficiency of an auto transformer in comparison to that of a two-winding transformer of the
same rating?
. IES-2006(
lor
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48)A two winding transformer is converted into an auto transformer. IF we apply additive polarity and
subtractive polarity for the connections, then the secondary voltage is 2640V and 2160V, respectively.
What is the ratio of primary to secondary voltage of the original transformer?
S,B
[A] 66 : 54
[C]10 : 1
. IES-2006(
[B] 54 : 66
[D]1 : 10
49)Percentage resistance and percentage reactance of a transformer are 1% and 4%, respectively. What is
voltage regulation at power factor 0.8 lagging and 0.8 leading?
IE
. IES-2006(
50)If P1 and P2 be the iron and copper losses of a transformer at full load, and the maximum efficiency of the
transformer is at 75% of the full load, then what is the ratio of P1 and P2?
. IES-2006(
[A] 9/16
[C]3/4
[B] 10/16
[D]3/16
51)If the iron core of a transformer is replaced by an air core, then the hysteresis losses in the transformer will
. IES-2006(
[A] increase
[C]remain unchanged
[B] decrease
[D]become zero
52)The equivalent circuit of a transformer has the leakage reactance X1, X2' and the magnetizing reactance
Xm. What is the relationship between their magnitude?
[A] X1 >>X2' >>Xm
[C]X1 X2' >>Xm
. IES-2006(
. IES-2006(
53)If the voltage applied to a transformer primary is increased by keeping the V/f ratio fixed, then the
magnetizing current and the core loss will, respectively,
[A] decrease and remain the same
[C]remain the same and remain the same
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54)In a large power transformer, a "conservator" drum is provided above the completely oil filled transformer
tank and connected to it by a short pipe. The conservator drum is linked to external air through a breather.
What is the purpose of providing the conservator?
. IES-2007(
55)A 500 KVA transformer has constant losses of 500 W and copper losses at full load are 2000 W. Te at
what load, is the efficiency maximum?
[A] 250 KVA
[C]1000 KVA
. IES-2007(
. IES-2007(
lor
[B] 1 and 2
[D]1 and 4
ga
[A] 2 and 3
[C]3 and 4
[A] 1 and 2
[C]2 and 3
IE
S,B
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[B] 1 and 3
[D]1,2 and 3
58)Two transformers when operating in parallel will share the load depending up on which of the following?
[A] Magnetizing current
[C]per unit impedance
. IES-2007(
. IES-2007(
60)A single phase transformer rated for 220/440 V, 50 Hz operates at no load at 220 V, 40 Hz. This frequency
operation at rated voltage results in which one of the following?
. IES-2008(
61)What is the load at which maximum efficiency occurs in case of a 100 KVA transformer with iron loss of 1
KW and full-load copper loss of 2KW?
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. IES-2008(
. IES-2008(
. IES-2008(
[B] 70.7KVA
[D]25.2 KVA
62)A transformer has a percentage resistance of 2% and percentage reactance of 4%. What are its
regulations at power factor 0.8 lagging and 0.8 leading , respectively?
[A] 4% and-0.8%
[C]1.6% and -3.2%
63)Core of large power transformers are made from which one of the following?
[A] Hot-rolled steel
[C]Cold-rolled grain oriented steel
64)The full load copper loss and iron loss of a transformer are 6400 W and 5000 W, respectively. What are
the above copper loss and iron loss, receptively at half -load?
3200 W, 2500 W
3200 W, 5000 W
1600 W, 1250 W
1600 W, 5000 W
. IES-2008(
ga
lor
DIRECTIONS:
The following item are consists of two statements; one labelled as 'Assertion (A)' and the other labelled as
'Reason (R)'. You have to examine these two statements carefully and select the answer to these item
using the codes given below:
S,B
an
IE
65)Assertion (A) : Both efficiency and regulation of a 3-winding ideal transformer are 100%.
Reason (R) : The flux leakage and the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic core in an ideal transformer
are zero. Moreover, losses are absent in ideal transformers.
[A] Both A and R are true and R is the explanation of
A
. IES-2008(
67)What is the power transmitted inductively in an auto-transformer which supplies a load at 161 volts with an
applied primary voltage of 230 volts?
. IES-2009(
68)What is the power transferred conductively from primary to secondary of an auto-transformer having transformation ratio of 0.8 supplying a load of 3 KW?
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[A] 0.6 KW
[C]1.5 KW
. IES-2009(
. IES-2009(
. IES-2009(
. IES-2010(
[B] 2.4 KW
[D]0.27 KW
69)What is the core loss in a high frequency ferrite core transformer used in SMPS power supply?
[A] 10 % of rated power
[C]2 % rated power
70)Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List-I
A. Magnetic flux density
B. Shunt admittance
C. Attenuation coefficient
D. Phase change coefficient
List-II
1. Siemens
2. Telsa
3. Radian
4. Neper
[B] A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
[D]A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
lor
71)For the parallel operation of transformers, which of the following conditions must be satisfied?
[B] Must be connected in proper polarities
[D]Same KVA rating
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S,B
[A] 57.7%
[C]50%
an
72)A
connected transformer is connected to V/V connected transformer. The ratio of VA rating of V/V
connected transformer and
connected transformer is
. IES-2010(
[B] 100%
[D]75%
[A] 0.5
[C]1.5
IE
73)Neglecting losses , if the power transformed inductively is equal to power transformed conductively in an
auot tramsformer , then the secondary to primary ratio of transformer is
. IES-2010(
. IES-2010(
[B] 2
[D]1.25
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[D]
76)Assertion(A) : In a transformer, open circuit (OC) test is conducted from low voltage side and short circuit
(SC) test conducted forth high voltage side
Reason (R) : OC test gives iron loss and SC test gives copper loss
. IES-2010(
77)The applied voltage of a certain transformer is increased by 75%, while the frequency of the applied
voltage is reduced by 25%. The maximum core flux density will
[A] Increase by seven times
[C]Reduce to one quarter
. IES-2010(
. IES-2010(
250 volts
S.C Test
60 volts
0.8 amp
lor
O.C Test
78)A 10 KVA, 2500/250 single phase transformer has the following results:
3 amp
an
[A] 98.49 %
[C]98.28 %
45 W
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50 W
[B] 97.68 %
[D]96. 85 %
. IES-2011(
IE
S,B
79)A 4 kVA, 400 V/200 V single phase transformer has resistance of 0.02 pu and reactance of 0.06 pu. the
resistance and reactance referred to high voltage side are :
80)The full load copper and iron loss of a transformer are 6400 W and 500 W, respectively. The above copper
loss and iron loss at full load will be
[A] 33200 W and 250 W respectively
[C]1600 W and 125 W respectively
. IES-2011(
. IES-2011(
82)A 2 V/1 V two winding transformer is connected as an auto transformer. Its voltage regulation as an auto
transformer compared to the two winding transformer is
. IES-2011(
83)When one transformer is removed from a - bank of 30 kVA transformer, the capacity of the resulting 3phase transformer corresponding input line voltage?
. IES-2011(
84)Which 3-phase connection can be used in a transformer to introduce a phase difference of 300 between its
output and corresponding input line voltage?
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[A] Star/star
[C]Delta/delta
. IES-2011(
. IES-2011(
[B] Star/delta
[D]Delta/zigzag
[B] 2, 3 and 4
[D]1, 2 and 3
86)Assertion (A) : If two transformation with different X/R ratios are operated in parallel, one of the
transformers becomes over heated when full KVA output is drawn from them.
Reason (R) : The impedance triangles are not identical in shape two transformers having different voltage
ratings are operated in parallel.
. IES-2011(
lor
ga
S,B
[A] 150 V
[C]100 V
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87)A 200 V/100 v , 50 Hz transformer s to be excited at 40 hz from 100 v side. For the exciting current to be
the same. The applied voltage should be
. IES-2012(
. IES-2012(
[B] 80 V
[D]125 V
IE
88)Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List-I
A. Magnetic Flux
B. Magneto motive force
C. Reluctance
D. Permeability
List-II
1. Resistance
2. Electric current
3. Conductivity
4. Electromotive force
[A] A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
[C]A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
89)A 10 kVA, 2000/220 V transformer gave the following test result. Open circuit test, High voltage side open:
V=220 V, I = 1.5 A, W= 150 W. Short circuit test . Low voltage side short-circuited: V= 115 V, I = rated, W
= 200 W. The half full load efficiency of the transformer operating at unity power factor is
. IES-2012(
[A] 95 %
[C]96 %
[B] 95.5 %
[D]96.5 %
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91)A 100 kVA, 2400 V/240 V, Hz single phase transformer has an exciting current of 0.64 A ans core loss 700
W when its high voltage side is energized at rated voltage and frequency. If load current is 40 A at 0.8 pf
lagging on the LV side, then magnitude of the primary current will be
. IES-2012(
[A] 4.58 A
[C]4.64 A
[B] 4 A
[D]4.85 A
92)In which one of the following sets of 3-phase transformer connection will zero sequence current be present
in the transformer windings?
. IES-2012(
ga
an
[A] option a
[C]option c
lor
.(
[B] option b
[D]option d
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S,B
94)Match List-I (Material) with List-II (Application) and select the correct answer using the code given below
the lists:
List-I List-II
a. Silicon steel 1. High frequency transformers
b. Ferrites 2. Permanent magnets
c. Alnico 3. Current transformers
4. Power transformers
. IES-2008(
. IES-2008(
96)A single phase transformer has a maximum efficiency of 90% at full load and unity power factor . Efficiency
at half load at the same power factor is
. GATE-2003(
[A] 86.7 %
[C]88.9%
[B] 88.26%
[D]87.8 %
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97)Figure shows an ideal single-phase transformer . The primary and secondary coils are wound on the core
as shown. Turns ratio
. The correct phasors of voltages
, currents
and core flux
are as shown in
. GATE-2003(
[B]
[D]
S,B
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[C]
[A]
IE
98)Figureshows a
connected 3-Phasedistribution transformer used to step down the voltage from
11000 V to 415V line-to-line . It has two switches
. Under normal conditions is closed and is
open. Under certain superior conditions is open and is closed. In such a case the magnitude of the
voltage across the LV terminals a and c is
. GATE-2003(
[A] 240 V
[C]415 V
[B] 480 V
[D]0 V
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99)Figureshows an ideal three winding transformer are wound on the same case as shown.The turns ratio
N1:N2:N3 is 4:2:1. A resistorof 10 is connected across winding-2 . A capacitor of reactance 2.5 is
connectedacross winding-3. Winding -1 is connected across a 400 V, as supply. If thesupply voltage
phasor
, the supply current phasor I1 isgiven by
. GATE-2003(
[A] (-10+j10)A
[C](10+j10)A
[B] (-10-j10)A
[D](10-j10)A
100)A 500 kVA, 3-phase transformer has iron losses of 300 W and full load copper losses of 600 W. The
percentage load at which the transformer is expected to have maximum efficiency is
. GATE-2004(
. GATE-2004(
[B] 70.7 %
[D]200 %
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[C]141.4 %
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102)A 50 kVA, 3300/230V single-phase transformer is connected as an auto transformer shown in figure. The
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. GATE-2004(
104)The equivalent circuit of a transformer has leakage reactancesX , X and magnetizing reactance X .
1 2
M
Their magnitude satisfy
. GATE-2005(
[A]
[C]
[B]
[D]
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[A] star-star
[C]Delta- Delta
. GATE-2005(
. GATE-2006(
[B] Star-delta
[D]delta-Zigzag
107)Two transformers are to be operated in parallel such that they share load in proportion to their kVA
ratings . The rating of the first transformer is 500 kvA and its pu leakage impedance is 0.05 pu. If the rating
of second transformer is 250 kVA, its pu leakage impedance is
. GATE-2006(
[A] 0.20
[C]0.05
[B] 0.10
[D]0.025
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Key Paper
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107.
Answer Explanations
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where a< 1
For step-down transformer
where a> 1
Let,
(Ideal two winding transformer)
for step-up transformer
then
a= 2
then
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Iron loss does not depend up on the load but up on the applied voltage
Core-loss component
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ga
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Similarly
as
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as
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lor
an
Magnetizing flux
ga
Load for
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So,
t= thickness
f= frequency
Bmax = flux density
So, Pe will be same. or no change in eddy current loss.
61) Answer Explanation :
= Full load
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=30% of Sin
68) Answer Explanation :
Power transferred conductively = 3 X 0.8
=2.4 KW
69) Answer Explanation :
Core losses will be lesser in case of using high frequency ferrite core.
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1-k=k
k = 0.5
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pc(fl)
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Voltage regulation
.......(2)
at lagging power factor
From equation (1), zero voltage regulation is possible at leading power factor.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
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Institute of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore), leading Institute for Engineers in Bangalore (Jayanagar & Malleshwaram)
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