A)

B)
C)
D)

1.In her research, Professor Kyoto seeks to identify circumstances in which confirmation
bias is especially likely to impede effective problem solving. Which specialty area does
her research best represent?
biological psychology
developmental psychology
personality psychology
cognitive psychology

A)
B)
C)
D)

2.Prototypes are especially important in the process of

trial and error.
constructing algorithms.
developing language.
classifying objects.

A)
B)
C)
D)

3.In attempting to find and purchase high-quality cosmetics, Megan reminds herself that
the most expensive brands are the best. Megan's self-reminder illustrates the use of
an algorithm.
trial and error.
framing.
a heuristic.

D)

4.If you are experiencing a fixation, you are

searching for information that supports your preconceptions.
unable to see a problem from fresh perspective.
estimating the likelihood of a correct solution to your problem based on its
availability in memory.
overestimating the accuracy of your judgment.

A)
B)
C)
D)

5.Because he erroneously believes that older workers are not as motivated as younger
workers to work hard, a factory foreman is especially vigilant for any signs of laziness
among his senior workers. His supervision strategy best illustrates
the availability heuristic.
an algorithm.
confirmation bias.
framing.

A)
B)
C)
D)

6.Prompt feedback regarding your performance on psychology practice tests is most likely
to inhibit
overconfidence.
the framing effect.
process simulation.
linguistic determinism.

A)
B)
C)

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A)
B)
C)
D)

7.When her professor failed to recognize that Judy had her hand raised for a question, Judy
began to think her professor was unfriendly. Although she subsequently learned that the
professor's limited vision kept him from seeing her raised hand, she continued thinking
the professor was unfriendly. Judy's reaction best illustrates
the framing effect.
belief perseverance.
a critical period.
the availability heuristic.

A)
B)
C)
D)

8.Pigeons can reliably discriminate pictures of cars from pictures of chairs. This best
illustrates their capacity to develop
concepts.
syntax.
heuristics.
algorithms.

A)
B)
C)
D)

9.The word chimps contains ________ phoneme(s) and ________ morpheme(s).

5; 2
6; 1
2; 5
1; 6

A)
B)
C)
D)

10.In the English language, adjectives are typically placed before nouns as in green car.
This illustrates an English language rule of
semantics.
algorithms.
syntax.
phonemes.

A)
B)
C)
D)

11.Vocal sounds that are not included in one's native language first begin to disappear from
usage during the ________ stage of language development.
one-word
two-word
telegraphic
babbling

12.The older a person is when moving to a new country, the harder it is to learn the
language. This best illustrates the importance of ________ for learning language.
A)
heuristics
B)
mental age

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C)
D)

algorithms
a critical period

A)
B)
C)
D)

13.As a result of an automobile accident, Jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in
Broca's area. Jenny is most likely to experience
auditory hallucinations.
memory loss.
aphasia.
paralysis of her left limbs.

A)
B)
C)
D)

14.During a lecture, your professor says, A child learns language as he interacts with
caregivers. This generic use of the pronoun he is more likely to trigger images of males
than of females. This best illustrates the impact of
language on thinking.
a fixation on problem solving.
telegraphic speech on universal grammar.
insight on decision making.

A)
B)
C)
D)

15.Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five
minutes each day visualizing themselves reading their assigned chapters, going over their
notes, and eliminating study distractions. This ________ simulation had a ________
effect on their exam scores.
process; negative
outcome; positive
process; positive
outcome; negative

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Answer Key
1.D
2.D
3.D
4.B
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.A
10.C
11.D
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.C

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