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  • Power System Protection - Positive, Negative and Zero Sequence Impedance - A Discussion

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    bhp
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    This document discusses sequence components for analyzing unbalanced three-phase systems. It explains that unbalanced currents can be broken down into positive, negative, and zero sequence components. The positive sequence components are balanced and in phase, while the negative components are balanced but 180 degrees out of phase. The zero sequence components are in phase. It states that positive and negative sequence currents cannot flow to earth, but zero sequence current can, since it does not sum to zero. The document concludes by defining positive, negative, and zero sequence impedances as the impedances seen by each of the sequence components.

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    Power System Protection_ Positive , Negative and Zero Sequence Impedance - A Discussion

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    This document discusses sequence components for analyzing unbalanced three-phase systems. It explains that unbalanced currents can be broken down into positive, negative, and zero sequence components. The positive sequence components are balanced and in phase, while the negative components are balanced but 180 degrees out of phase. The zero sequence components are in phase. It states that positive and negative sequence currents cannot flow to earth, but zero sequence current can, since it does not sum to zero. The document concludes by defining positive, negative, and zero sequence impedances as the impedances seen by each of the sequence components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    152 views2 pages

    Power System Protection - Positive, Negative and Zero Sequence Impedance - A Discussion

    Uploaded by

    bhp
    This document discusses sequence components for analyzing unbalanced three-phase systems. It explains that unbalanced currents can be broken down into positive, negative, and zero sequence components. The positive sequence components are balanced and in phase, while the negative components are balanced but 180 degrees out of phase. The zero sequence components are in phase. It states that positive and negative sequence currents cannot flow to earth, but zero sequence current can, since it does not sum to zero. The document concludes by defining positive, negative, and zero sequence impedances as the impedances seen by each of the sequence components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    Positive,NegativeandZerosequenceimpedanceA

    discussion
    Thesequencecomponentsareusedtoanalysisa3phaseunbalancedsystembysplittingthe
    unbalancecurrent(orVoltage)tosomebalancedcomponents.
    SupposetheunabalancedcurrentsareIA,IBandIC
    thenIAcanbemadeupof3componenentsiepositive,negativeandzerosequence(sayIA1,IA2,IA0
    respectively
    similarlyIB(IB1,IB2,IB0)andIC(IC1,IC2,IC0)
    Nowthepositivesequencecomponentsineachphasesare(IA1,IB1,IC1)andtheyarebalancedand
    havethesamephasesequenceasthatoforiginalunbalancedIA,IB.IC(120degapart)
    SimilaryNegativesequencecomponenetsineachphasesare(IA2,IB2,IC2)andtheyarebalanced
    andhavetheoppositphasesequenceasthatoftheoriginalunblanedIA,IBandIC(120degapart)
    andthezerosequencecomponentsareIA0,IB0,IC0theyareinphase.(zerophasedisplacement)
    Nowonemusttrytofindoutthepathatwhichthesequencecomponentsflow.Asthepositive
    sequencecomponents(IA1,IB1andIC1)arebalancedmeaningtheyadduptozeroatanyinstant,
    theycannotflowintheneutraltoearth!
    Similarlynegativesequencecomponents(IA2,IB2,IC2)arebalanced,theyadduptozeroatany
    momentandhenceitcannotflowfromneutraltoearth!
    Butthezerosequencecomponent(IA0,IB0,IC0)areinphasemeaningtheydonotaddtozeroat
    anyinstant,theyaddupattheneutralandcanflowtotheearth!!!
    Similaryinadeltawinding,thepositiveandnegativesequencecurrentcannotcirculateastheyaddup
    tozerohencetheycomeoutinlinesandthezerosequencecomponenetswillcirculateindeltawinding
    asitsmagnitudaresame!!
    Theconclusionispositiveandnegetivesequencecurrentcannotflowtoearthbutthezerosequence
    can.
    Itisveryclearthatthesequencecomponentstakedifferentpathsinthenetworkbecauseofitsnature.
    Intransmissionnetworkthepositiveandnegativesequencetakethesamepathwhichdoesnotinclude
    theearthwhereasthezerosequencecurrenttakesdifferentpathincludingearth.
    Nowtheimpedanceofferedbythenetworkagainstpositivesequencecurrentiscalledpostive
    sequenceimpedanceandthattonegativeiscallednegativesequenceimpedanceandtheimpedence
    offeredbythenetworktozerosequencecurrentiscalledthezerosequenceimpedance.
    Nowtodeterminethepositivesequenceimpedanceoftransmissionline
    Applybalanced3phasevoltageto3phasesofthetransmissionlineatoneendkeepingtheotherend

    ofthelineshortcircuitedwithoutanyearthattheshortedendandtheratioofphasevoltagetocurrent
    givesthepositivesequenceandnegativesequenceimpedance
    Zerosequenceimpedance
    Rememberthezerosequencecurrentsareinphaseinallphasesandnaturallyapplytheinphase
    voltagetothethreephases!!
    procedure
    Shortallthephasesofthetransmissionlineatoneendapplysinglephasevoltagekeepingtheother
    endshortedandearthed!!!measuretheratioofvoltagetocurrentandmultiplyby3willgivethezero
    sequenceimpedance
    Remember.Thesequencecomponentcannotexistsinonephaseonly.ifitexistsitexistsinallthe
    phases!evenincaseofasinglephasetoearthfa

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