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ASSUMPTIONS - ACI

1.The method makes use of the established fact ,that over a considerable range of practical
proportions fresh concrete of a given slump containing a reasonably well graded aggregate of
given maximum size will have a constant water content regardless of variation in the water
cement ratio with the variation of cement content.
2. It makes use of the relation that the dry rodded volume of the coarse aggregate per unit
volume of the concrete depends upon the maximum size of the aggregate and the fineness
modulus of the fine aggregate regardless of the shape of the particles. That is why the angular
coarse aggregate require more mortar than the rounded coarse aggregate.
3. Irrespective of the methods of compaction, even after complete compaction is done a definite
percentage of the air remains which is inversely proportional to the size of the aggregate.
4. We have to decide the maximum size of the coarse aggregate.Generally for the R.C.C. work it
is 20 and for pre-stressed concrete its value is 10.
5. For the design purpose of particular type of job we have to decide the value of workability in
terms of slump.ACI method has given various ranges of values of slump for various works such
as range of slump in mm for reinforced foundation walls and footings is 20-80.
6. The total water in kg/m3of concrete is selected as per ACI code depending upon the values of
the selected slump and the selected maximum size of the aggregate.In this method of
proportioning we consider the accidentally entrapped air in a non-air entraining agent.
7. From the above water content we find the cement content by dividing the water content by the
water cement ratio.
8. The bulk volume of the dry rodded coarse aggregate per unit volume of the concrete is
determined by using the maximum size of coarse aggregate and the fineness modulus of the
coarse aggregate.
9. The weight of the coarse aggregate per unit volume of the concrete is calculated by
multiplying the bulk volume with the bulk density.
10. The solid volume of the coarse aggregate in one cubic meter of concrete is calculated by
knowing the specific gravity of the coarse aggregate.

11. In the similar way we can calculate the solid volume of the cement, water and the volume of
the air entrapped.
12. The solid volume of the sand can be calculated by subtracting from the total volume the
volume of the cement,coarse aggregate, water and entrapped air.
13. The weight of the fine aggregate can be calculated by multiplying the solid volume of the
fine aggregate with its specific gravity.

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