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Developement Length of Deformed tensile bars

Developement length of tensile steel bars, L d = s/4bd


Where,

s
bd

=
=
=

nominal diameter of the bars


stress in bar at the section considered at design load
design bond stress

Characteristic strength of steel (fy)

Diameter of
bar (mm)
6
8
10
12
16
20
25
28
32
36
40

M 15
408
544
680
816
1088
1359
1699
1903
2175
2447
2719

M 20
340
453
566
680
906
1133
1416
1586
1813
2039
2266

500

Developement length (mm)


M 25
M 30
291
272
388
363
485
453
583
544
777
725
971
906
1214
1133
1359
1269
1554
1450
1748
1631
1942
1813

Developement Length of Deformed compression bars


Developement length of tensile steel bars, L d = s/4bd
Where,

nominal diameter of the bars

stress in bar at the section considered at design load

bd

design bond stress

Characteristic strength of steel (fy)

Diameter of
bar (mm)
6
8
10
12
16
20

M 15
326
435
544
653
870
1088

M 20
272
363
453
544
725
906

500

Developement length (mm)


M 25
M 30
233
218
311
290
388
363
466
435
621
580
777
725

25
28
32
36
40

1359
1523
1740
1958
2175

1133
1269
1450
1631
1813

971
1088
1243
1398
1554

906
1015
1160
1305
1450

d at design load

N/mm2

ngth (mm)
M 35
240
320
400
480
640
800
1000
1119
1279
1439
1599

M 40
215
286
358
429
572
715
894
1002
1145
1288
1431

d at design load

N/mm2

ngth (mm)
M 35
192
256
320
384
512
640

M 40
172
229
286
343
458
572

800
896
1024
1151
1279

715
801
916
1030
1145

Stability analysis
Case: C1) Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)
Undersluice

(Extream case)

Weir

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)

hw,2

hw,1

Right projection of base slab (b2)


Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

hs,2

hs,1

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description

h
O

X
b1

Sediment height above base slab (h s)

b2

Water height above base slab (hw)

Structural material properties


Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case

0.90
1.50

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient

Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1.20

Direction of seismic force

Force description

Force (KN/m)
V
H

Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (+x)
Water dynamic pressure on left face of vertical wall

254.40

3.75

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00
48.00
0.00
-118.80

231.60

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

Lever arm (m)


x
y

=
=
=

1.10
3.95
(0.65)

2.00
2.00
5.80
5.80
0.00
4.40

32.31
0.00
-27.69

1.44
0.00

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)
Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

Safe
i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

14.27

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

55.91

KN/m2

Safe

Case: C2) Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)

(Extream case)

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)

Water height above base slab (hw)


Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case
Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

0.90
1.50
1.20

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Force description
Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient
Direction of seismic force

Force (KN/m)
V
H
254.40

Lever arm (m)


x
y
3.75

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00

2.00
2.00
5.80

9
10
11
12
13

Weight of water on slab


Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (-x)
Water dynamic pressure on right face of vertical wall

48.00
0.00
-118.80

231.60

5.80
0.00
4.40
-32.31
-6.67
-98.98

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

=
=
=

1.44
2.20

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)

1.10
3.49
(0.19)
Safe

Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

29.14

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

41.04

KN/m2

Safe

Extream case)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab


Left side Right side
(1)
(2)

ght above base slab (hs)

0.00

3.00

above base slab (hw)

0.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

e coefficient

24

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90

Varies from 2 m to 4 m

eismic force

Left to right

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40
278.40
0.00
-522.72
46.63
0.00
1558.15

-642.72

or of sliding (FSallowable)
FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
4.52

Safe

is required.

Extream case)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab

ght above base slab (hs)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
0.00

3.00

above base slab (hw)

0.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90
Right to left

e coefficient
eismic force

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40

24

278.40
0.00
-522.72

1511.52

-46.63
-14.67
-704.02

or of sliding (FSallowable)

is required.

FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
1.26
Safe

Stability analysis
Case: C3) No sediment deposit, only water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right s

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)
Water height above base slab (hw)
Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case

0.90
1.50

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient

Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1.20

Direction of seismic force

Force description

Force (KN/m)
V
H

Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (+x)
Water dynamic pressure on left face of vertical wall

254.40

3.75

0.00
45.00
0.00
120.00

0.00
2.00
0.00
2.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00
48.00
0.00
-237.60

232.80

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

Lever arm (m)


x
y

=
=
=

1.10
4.29
(0.99)

2.00
2.00
5.80
5.80
0.00
3.30

32.31
6.67
23.98

1.44
2.20

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)
Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

Safe
i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

3.52

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

67.02

KN/m2

Safe

Case: C4) Water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)

Water height above base slab (hw)


Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case
Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

0.90
1.50
1.20

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Force description
Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient
Direction of seismic force

Force (KN/m)
V
H
254.40

Lever arm (m)


x
y
3.75

0.00
45.00
0.00
120.00

0.00
2.00
0.00
2.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00

2.00
2.00
5.80

9
10
11
12
13

Weight of water on slab


Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (-x)
Water dynamic pressure on right face of vertical wall

48.00
0.00
-237.60

232.80

5.80
0.00
3.30
-32.31
-6.67
-53.98

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

=
=
=

1.44
2.20

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)

1.10
3.76
(0.46)
Safe

Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

20.41

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

50.13

KN/m2

Safe

crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab


Left side Right side
(1)
(2)

ght above base slab (hs)

0.00

3.00

above base slab (hw)

3.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

e coefficient

24

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90

eismic force

Left to right

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

0.00
90.00
0.00
240.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40
278.40
0.00
-784.08
46.63
14.67
1902.82

-904.08

or of sliding (FSallowable)
FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
5.24

Safe

is required.

side, seismic (-x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab

ght above base slab (hs)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
0.00

3.00

above base slab (hw)

3.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90
Right to left

e coefficient
eismic force

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

0.00
90.00
0.00
240.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40

24

278.40
0.00
-784.08

1841.52

-46.63
-14.67
-965.38

or of sliding (FSallowable)

is required.

FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
2.33
Safe

Stability analysis
Case: C5) 1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in rig

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)
Water height above base slab (hw)
Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case

0.90
1.50

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient

Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1.20

Direction of seismic force

Force description

Force (KN/m)
V
H

Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (+x)
Water dynamic pressure on left face of vertical wall

254.40

3.75

3.75
45.00
60.00
120.00

1.50
2.00
2.00
2.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00
48.00
0.00
-237.60

292.80

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

Lever arm (m)


x
y

=
=
=

1.10
3.84
(0.54)

2.00
2.00
5.80
5.80
0.00
3.30

32.31
6.67
27.73

1.44
2.20

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)
Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

Safe
i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

22.58

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

66.14

KN/m2

Safe

Case: C6) 1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in rig

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)

Water height above base slab (hw)


Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case
Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

0.90
1.50
1.20

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Force description
Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient
Direction of seismic force

Force (KN/m)
V
H
254.40

Lever arm (m)


x
y
3.75

3.75
45.00
60.00
120.00

1.50
2.00
2.00
2.00

-15.00
-45.00
48.00

2.00
2.00
5.80

9
10
11
12
13

Weight of water on slab


Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (-x)
Water dynamic pressure on right face of vertical wall

48.00
0.00
-237.60

292.80

5.80
0.00
3.30
-32.31
-6.67
-50.23

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

=
=
=

1.44
2.20

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)

1.10
3.42
(0.12)
Safe

Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

39.47

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

49.26

KN/m2

Safe

pto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab


Left side Right side
(1)
(2)

ght above base slab (hs)

1.50

3.00

above base slab (hw)

3.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

e coefficient

24

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90

eismic force

Left to right

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

5.63
90.00
120.00
240.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40
278.40
0.00
-784.08
46.63
14.67
2028.45

-904.08

or of sliding (FSallowable)
FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
5.70

Safe

is required.

pto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab

ght above base slab (hs)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
1.50

3.00

above base slab (hw)

3.00

3.00

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90
Right to left

e coefficient
eismic force

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

5.63
90.00
120.00
240.00
-30.00
-90.00
278.40

24

278.40
0.00
-784.08

1967.15

-46.63
-14.67
-965.38

or of sliding (FSallowable)

is required.

FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
3.15
Safe

Stability analysis
Case: C7) 1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood water in righ

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)
Water height above base slab (hw)
Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case

0.90
1.50

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient

Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1.20

Direction of seismic force

Force description

Force (KN/m)
V
H

Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (+x)
Water dynamic pressure on left face of vertical wall

254.40

3.75

3.75
154.40
60.00
234.40

1.50
2.35
2.00
2.00

-15.00
-154.40
48.00
93.76
18.60
-407.48

301.68

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

Lever arm (m)


x
y

=
=
=

1.10
3.93
(0.63)

2.00
2.35
5.80
5.80
4.50
3.30

32.31
24.52
45.58

1.44
2.40

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)
Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

Safe
i.e. resultant force acts at right from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

19.48

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

71.93

KN/m2

Safe

Case: C8) 1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood water in righ

Geometry of the structure


Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Sediment/water height above base slab


Description
Sediment height above base slab (h s)

Water height above base slab (hw)


Structural material properties
Used material

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

degree

Unit weight of Concrete

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)

Allowable bearing capacity (qa)

KN/m2

Friction coefficient between concrete and soil ()

200
0.60

Factor of vertical load used for sliding (K)


Allowable factor of safety for normal case
Allowable factor of safety for seismic case

0.90
1.50
1.20

SN

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Force description
Dead load
Self weight of the body
Primary load case
On left side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab
Weight of water on slab
On right side
Wet sediment pressure on vertical wall
Water pressure on vertical wall
Weight of wet sediment on slab

0.333

Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient
Direction of seismic force

Force (KN/m)
V
H
254.40

Lever arm (m)


x
y
3.75

3.75
154.40
60.00
234.40

1.50
2.35
2.00
2.00

-15.00
-154.40
48.00

2.00
2.35
5.80

9
10
11
12
13

Weight of water on slab


Weight of water above divide wall
Uplift pressure on base slab
Seismic load case
Seismic force on the body (-x)
Water dynamic pressure on right face of vertical wall

93.76
18.60
-407.48

301.68

5.80
4.50
3.30
-32.31
-24.52
-68.08

a) Check for overturning


eallowable=B/6
Allowable ecentricity
Distance of resultant force from point O (x=M/V)
Ecentricity
e=B/2-x

=
=
=

1.44
2.40

b) Check for sliding


Allowable factor of sliding (FSallowable)

1.10
3.23
0.07
Safe

Friction coefficient ()
Factor of sliding

i.e. resultant force acts at left from center of base slab.

No shear key is required.

c) Check for bearing capacity


Allowable bearing capacity of the foundation (q a)

200

KN/m2

Pressure at left end

max=V/B.(1+6e/B)

48.57

KN/m2

Pressure at right end

min=V/B.(1-6e/B)

42.85

KN/m2

Safe

weir and flood water in right side, seismic (+x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab


Left side Right side
(1)
(2)

ght above base slab (hs)

1.50

3.00

above base slab (hw)

5.86

5.86

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

e coefficient

24

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90

eismic force

Left to right

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

5.63
363.32
120.00
468.80
-30.00
-363.32
278.40
543.81
83.70
-1344.70
46.63
58.94
2923.95

-1738.02

or of sliding (FSallowable)
FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
3.57

Safe

is required.

weir and flood water in right side, seismic (-x)

the structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ater height above base slab

ght above base slab (hs)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
1.50

3.00

above base slab (hw)

5.86

5.86

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90
Right to left

e coefficient
eismic force

Moment (KN.m/m)
Res. M
Over. M
954.72

5.63
363.32
120.00
468.80
-30.00
-363.32
278.40

24

543.81
83.70
-1344.70

2818.37

-46.63
-58.94
-1843.59

or of sliding (FSallowable)

is required.

FS=KV/H

=
=
=

1.20
0.60
2.39
Safe

Stability analysis
Load combination
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8

Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)
Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)
No sediment deposit, only water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)
Water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)
1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic
1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic
1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood water in right side, seismic (+
1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood water in right side, seismic (-

Maximum bearing pressure at left side


Load combination

Maximum bearing pressure at right side


Load combination

C8
Left end

Right end

Bearing pressure (KN/m2)

48.57

42.85

Minimum factor of safety


Load combination

1.26
C2

Bearing pressure (KN/m2)

Weight of dry/wet sediment and water above base slab at left side of divide wall
Description
C1
C3
C2
C4
Weight of sediment
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Weight of water
0.00
0.00
120.00
120.00

C5
60.00
120.00

Weight of dry/wet sediment and water above base slab at right side of divide wall
Description
C1
C3
C2
C4
Weight of sediment
48.00
48.00
48.00
48.00
Weight of water
48.00
48.00
48.00
48.00

C5
48.00
48.00

Uplift water pressure at left side of divide wall


Description
C1
Water height above base slab (hw)
0.00

C2

C3

C4

C5

0.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)

0.00

36.00

36.00

36.00

C2

C3

C4

C5

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

36.00

36.00

36.00

36.00

0.00

Uplift water pressure at right side of divide wall


Description
C1
Water height above base slab (hw)
3.00
Uplift water pressure (KN/m )
2

36.00

Check for
overturning
Ecentricity Remarks
-0.65
Safe
-0.19
Safe
-0.99
Safe
-0.46
Safe
-0.54
Safe
-0.12
Safe
-0.63
Safe
0.07
Safe

of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

evel of weir in right side, seismic (+x)


evel of weir in right side, seismic (-x)
ood water in right side, seismic (+x)
ood water in right side, seismic (-x)

earing pressure at right side

sure (KN/m2)

C6
60.00
120.00

C7
60.00
234.40

C7
Left end

Right end

19.48

71.93

C8
60.00
234.40

Safety for sliding


Bearing pressure at
F.S.
Remarks Left end Right end Remarks
4.52
Safe
14.27
55.91
Safe
1.26
Safe
29.14
41.04
Safe
5.24
Safe
3.52
67.02
Safe
2.33
Safe
20.41
50.13
Safe
5.70
Safe
22.58
66.14
Safe
3.15
Safe
39.47
49.26
Safe
3.57
Safe
19.48
71.93
Safe
2.39
Safe
48.57
42.85
Safe

C6
48.00
48.00

C7
48.00
93.76

C8
48.00
93.76

C6

C7

C8

3.00

5.86

36.00

1.00

5.86

Thickness of base slab (h)


Unit weight of water (w)

61.74

61.74

Uplift pressure coefficient

0.90

C6

C7

C8

3.00

5.86

5.86

36.00

61.74

61.74

10

KN/m3

Right end Left end


55.91
14.27
41.04
29.14
67.02
3.52
50.13
20.41
66.14
22.58
49.26
39.47
71.93
19.48
42.85
48.57

C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8

Structural design of divide wall


Input data

Geometry of structure
Height of divide wall above base slab (H)
Width of divide wall (b)
Left projection of base slab (b1)
Right projection of base slab (b2)
Total width of base slab (B)
Thickness of base slab (h)

Water/sediment height above base s


Height of sediment above base slab (h s)
Height of water above base slab (hw)

Sediment properties
Angle of internal friction of sediment ()
Coefficient of sediment pressure (Ka)

30.00

Unit weight of dry sediment (s)

20

KN/m3

Unit weight of submerged sediment (s')

10

KN/m3

degree

0.333

Structural material properties


Used material
Unit weight of Concrete
Water properties
Unit weight of water (w)
Other properties
Seismic force coefficient (Ks)
Uplift pressure coefficient

A) Check provided bottom width of divide wall


Thickness of divide wall is governed by maximum bending moment. It is determined by assuming singly reinforced balanced section.
Take concrete grade C25 & steel grade Fe500.
Characteristic strength of steel (fy)
=
500
N/mm2
Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

N/mm2

Young's modulus of elasticity of steel (E s)

=
=
=

200000
92.39
1.5

N/mm2
KN.m/m

138.58

KN.m/m

0.456

1.00

From above equation, effective thickness (d)


Assume,
diameter of steel bar ()
Clear cover

=
=
=

204.13
20
75

mm
mm
mm

Thus, required thickness (D=d+/2+clear cover)


Provided thickness of divide wall
Result

=
=
=

289.13
mm
1000
mm
Safe thickness

Maximum moment at bottom of divide wall (M)


Taking load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu,l)
Taking equation

M u ,l

bd 2
0.36 f ck

Where,

xu , l
d

x u ,l
x
1 0.416 u ,l
d
d

0.0035
0.0055 0.87

B) Main reinforcement

fy

Es

a) Main reinforcement at bottom of divide wall

Design of tensile steel bars are calculated by assuming singly under-reinforced section i.e. M u<Mu,l
For singly reinforced balanced section,
Depth of neutral section (xu,l)
Length of divide wall (b)

M u ,l 0.36 f ck bx u ,l ( d 0.416 xu ,l )

=
=
=

417.26
1000.00
2784.30

mm
mm
KN.m/m

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1000.00
75
20
915.00
92.39
1.5
138.58

mm
mm
mm
mm
KN.m/m

For singly under-reinforced section,

Gross thickness at bottom of divide wall (D)


Clear cover
Diameter of tensile steel bar ()
Effective depth at bottom of divide wall (d)
Maximum moment at bottom of divide wall (M)
Load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu)

KN.m/m

Assumption is right i.e. it is singly under-reinforced section.


Required area of tensile steel bars are calculated by following equation.

Ast
Thus,

Mu
0.87 f y ( d 0.416 xu )
Ast

Trial Ast

Where,

xu

0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast

Remarks

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

< Mu,l

Trial Ast

Ast

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

350.87

Remarks

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

OK

1750.00

1750.00

350.87

b) 1st Curtailment of Reinforcement


Theoritical distance of 1st curtailment from bottom of divide wall

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Gross thickness at 1st curtail point of divide wall (D)


Clear cover
Diameter of tensile steel bar ()
Effective depth at 1st curtail point of divide wall (d)
Moment at 1st curtail point (M)
Load factor
Ultimate moment (Mu)
Length of the divide wall (b)
Required area of tensile steel bars are calculated by following equation.

Ast
Thus,

Mu
0.87 f y ( d 0.416 xu )
Ast

Trial Ast

0.00

Where,

xu

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

m
mm
mm
mm
mm
KN.m/m
KN.m/m
mm

0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

0.00

Extension of tensile steel bars from theoritical point of curtailment

Remarks

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

0.00

0.00

0.00

max of 0 or 12x0

(max of d or 12)

Thus, actual distance of 1st curtailment of bar from bottom of divide wall

Main reinforcement
Segment Curtailmen Bar size
t distance
(mm)

Bottom of
divide wall

20

C/c
spacing
(mm)
170

Ast per Total area


(mm2/m)
meter
(mm2/m)
1848.00

1848.00

=
=
=

0.00
0.00
0.00

Ast,required
(mm2/m)

Check

1750.00

OK

mm
m
m

Result

Provide 20 mm @ 170 mm c/c

1st curtail

C) Distribution bar
Length of divide wall (b)
Required area of distribution bar on one side
Segment

Bottom
1 curtail
st

Gross
Required
thickness bar area
(mm)
(mm2/m)
1000.00

800.00

=
=

1000.00
0.08

Bar size
(mm)

Required
c/c
spacing
(mm)

Provided
c/c
spacing
(mm)

16

251.33

250

mm
% of gross area
Result

Provide 16 mm @ 250 mm c/c

D) Check for Crack width

Segment

Bottom of
divide wall

Undersluice side
Curtailmen Bar size
C/c
Ast per
t distance
(mm)
spacing
meter
(mm)
(mm2/m)
20

170

1848.00

Bar size
(mm)

Weir side
C/c
spacing
(mm)

20

170

Ast per
meter
(mm2/m)

Ref: SN SINHA
Crack width on tension face (mm
under a
midway
bar
between
bars

1848.00

No crack

No crack

1st curtail

Segment

Bottom of
divide wall

Undersluice side
Curtailmen Bar size
C/c
Ast per
t distance
(mm)
spacing
meter
(mm)
(mm2/m)
20

170

1848.00

Bar size
(mm)

Weir side
C/c
spacing
(mm)

20

170

Ast per
meter
(mm2/m)
1848.00

Ref: IS CODE 456, 2000


Crack width on tension face (mm
under a
midway
bar
between
bars
No crack

1st curtail

E) Check for shear stress


Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

N/mm2

Area of provided tensile steel bars (Ast,provided)

1848.00

mm2/m

Percentage of provided steel bars (P = 100*Ast,provided/bd)

0.20

No crack

Design shear stress of concrete (uc)

0.33

N/mm2

Ultimate shear force at bottom of divide wall (Vu)

118.29

KN/m

Nominal shear stress (uv = Vu/bd)

0.13

N/mm2

Safe in shear i.e. shear reinforcement is not required.

< uc

structure
de wall above base slab (H)

4.00
1.00

m
m

n of base slab (b1)

4.00

on of base slab (b2)

1.60
6.60
1.00

m
m
m

3.00

3.00

base slab (B)


base slab (h)

ment height above base slab


ment above base slab (hs)

er above base slab (hw)

material properties
Concrete

water (w)

coefficient (Ks)

e coefficient

24

KN/m3

10

KN/m3

0.127
0.90

balanced section.

Check,
% of tensile steel bar for Mu

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

p 50

1 1

0.04

Thus, area of tensile steel bars

=
=

p/100*bd
351.03

mm2/m

0.00

=
=

p/100*bd
0.00

mm2/m

Check,
% of tensile steel bar for Mu

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

1 1

p 50

Thus, area of tensile steel bars

m @ 170 mm c/c

Ratio of Weight of % of steel


area of steel bars
bars
steel bars (Kg/m3)
(%/m3)
100.00%

14.51

0.18%

Provided Weight of % of steel


distn bars steel bars
bars
2
3
(mm /m)
(Kg/m )
(%/m3)
804.25

6.31

0.08%

width on tension face (mm)


bottom at 2/3(d-x)
corner
from N.A.

No crack

No crack

Total steel bars (Kg/m3)


Undersluice side
Weir side
n
Main bars Dist bars Main bars Distn bars

14.51

6.31

14.51

6.31

Total
(Kg/m3)

41.64

% of steel
bars
(%/m3)
0.53%

E 456, 2000
width on tension face (mm)
bottom at 2/3(d-x)
corner
from N.A.

No crack

No crack

Table 19
p (%)
0.15

Design Shear Strength of Concrete, c (N/mm2)


M

15

20

25

30

35

0.28

0.28

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.25

0.35

0.36

0.36

0.37

0.37

0.50

0.46

0.48

0.49

0.50

0.50

0.75

0.54

0.56

0.57

0.59

0.59

1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
& above

0.60
0.64
0.68
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71

0.62
0.67
0.72
0.75
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82

0.64
0.70
0.74
0.78
0.82
0.85
0.88
0.90
0.92

0.66
0.71
0.76
0.80
0.84
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.96

0.67
0.73
0.78
0.82
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.96
0.99

0.32

0.32

0.33

0.33

0.33

main reinforcement

distribution bar

10
12
16

mm
mm
mm

4.75
7
8

mm
mm
mm

20

mm

10

mm

25
28
32
36
40

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

12
16
20

mm
mm
mm

Grade of concrete
15
20
25
30
35
40

Force

Force

Lever arm Moment

Water

45.00

1.00

45.00

Wet sediment
Water dynamic
Body seismic

15.00
6.67
12.19

1.00
1.20
2.00

15.00
8.00
24.38

Sum

78.86

Force
Water
Sediment
Water dynamic
Body seismic
Sum

Force
45.00
15.00
6.67
12.19
78.86

4.00
2.00

12.19
KN

92.39

Lever arm Moment


1.00
45.00
1.00
15.00
1.20
8.00
2.00
24.38
92.39

6.67
1.20

Height of divide wall


4.00

Water height
3.00
3.00

M
40
0.30

& above

0.38
0.51
0.60
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
0.34

KN

I) LC=

C1

Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

6.00 KN/m

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00

1.00

1.60

55.91

14.27

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

KN/m
Y

Bearing pressure
Tension face

Total weight (KN)

13.62
12.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

Tension face

191.65
127.19

II) LC=

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

KN.m/m
KN/m

C2

39.51

45.82

KN/m

KN/m2

6.60

0.00

36.00

KN/m2

KN/m2
21.82

27.27

KN/m2

KN/m2

KN.m/m
KN/m

Uplift pressure

Empty in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

6.00 KN/m2

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Tension face

4.00

1.00

1.60

262.53
150.62

III) LC=

KN.m/m
KN/m

41.04

Description

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

29.14

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

KN/m
Y

Bearing pressure
Compression face

Total weight (KN)

Tension face

2.34
6.02

KN.m/m
KN/m

36.35

38.16

KN/m

KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

6.60

0.00

36.00

KN/m2

KN/m2

C3

21.82

27.27

KN/m2

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

No sediment deposit, only water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

36.00 KN/m

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00

1.00

1.60

67.02

3.52
Tension face

130.81
91.06

KN/m2
Y
KN.m/m
KN/m

42.01

51.63

KN/m2

KN/m2
6.60

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure
Tension face

Total weight (KN)

29.30
32.52

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

36.00

KN/m

KN/m2
36.00

36.00

KN/m

KN/m2

IV) LC=

KN/m2

36.00
2

C4

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

KN.m/m
KN/m

Uplift pressure

Water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

36.00 KN/m2

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00
O
20.41

1.00

1.60
50.13
KN/m2

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (
Weight of slab (KN)

Tension face

211.33
117.67

KN/m2
Y
KN.m/m
KN/m

38.43

42.93

KN/m

KN/m2

6.60

Total weight (KN)

11.18
12.05

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

36.00

36.00

KN/m

KN/m2

36.00

36.00

KN/m

KN/m2

V) LC=

Bearing pressure
Tension face

C5

KN.m/m
KN/m

Uplift pressure

1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest leve

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

51.00 KN/m2

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00

1.00

1.60

66.14

22.58

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

KN/m
Y

Total weight (KN)

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)

Tension face

131.07

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

KN.m/m

48.98

55.58

Bearing pressure
Tension face

KN/m

KN/m2

30.24

KN.m/m

83.13

KN/m

6.60

34.98

36.00

36.00

KN/m

KN/m2

VI) LC=

C6

36.00

36.00

KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m

Uplift water pressure (KN)


C.G. of water pressure from d

Uplift pressure

1.5 m wet sediment deposit & water upto crest level of weir in left side, wet sediment upto crest leve

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

51.00 KN/m

75.00 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00

1.00

1.60

49.26

39.47
Tension face

211.58
109.74

KN/m2
Y
KN.m/m
KN/m

36.00

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure
Tension face

Total weight (KN)

12.12
14.51

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

45.40

46.88

KN/m2

KN/m2
6.60

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

36.00

KN.m/m
KN/m

KN/m2

VII) LC=

C7

KN/m2
36.00

36.00

KN/m2

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

79.60 KN/m

103.60 KN/m2

Compression face

Compression face

Description
4.00

1.00

1.60

71.93

19.48
Tension face

97.75
70.07

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure
Tension face

Total weight (KN)

33.07
37.95

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

KN/m2
Y
KN.m/m
KN/m

51.27

59.22

KN/m2

KN/m2
6.60

61.74

61.74

KN/m

KN/m2

61.74

61.74

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

KN.m/m
KN/m

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

VIII) LC=

C8

KN/m2

1.5 m wet sediment deposit & flood water in left side, wet sediment upto crest level of weir and flood

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2

KN/m2
Description

KN/m
Y
2

KN/m2

KN/m2

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from d

KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

Weight of dry/wet sediment a


Weight of water above slab (

Uplift pressure

Left slab
Moment
Shear
force

Max
LC

191.65
262.53
130.81
211.33
131.07
211.58
97.75
236.41
236.41
C8

127.19
150.62
91.06
117.67
83.13
109.74
70.07
115.90
117.67

Right slab
Moment
Shear
force
13.62
2.34
29.30
11.18
30.24
12.12
33.07
1.86
33.07
C7

12.00
6.02
32.52
12.05
34.98
14.51
37.95
2.69
37.95

LC

C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8

Extream case
Extream case

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
0.00
0.00

48.00
48.00

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

24.00

120.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

0.00
43.64
1.33

36.00
50.62
0.84

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
0.00
0.00

48.00
48.00

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

24.00

120.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

0.00
43.64
1.33

36.00
50.62
0.84

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

diment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

0.00
120.00

48.00
48.00

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

144.00

120.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

36.00
144.00
2.00

36.00
57.60
0.80

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

weir in right side, seismic (-x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)
Weight of slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
0.00
120.00

48.00
48.00

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

144.00

120.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

36.00
144.00
2.00

36.00
57.60
0.80

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

t sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (+x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
60.00
120.00

48.00
48.00

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

204.00

120.00

36.00

36.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN)


C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

144.00
2.00

57.60
0.80

KN/m2

KN/m2

t sediment upto crest level of weir in right side, seismic (-x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
60.00
120.00

48.00
48.00

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

204.00

120.00

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

36.00
144.00
2.00

36.00
57.60
0.80

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

rest level of weir and flood water in right side, seismic (+x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description
Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)
Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)
60.00
234.40

48.00
93.76

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

24.00

Total weight (KN)

318.40

165.76

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

61.74
246.96
2.00

61.74
98.78
0.80

KN/m2
Y
KN/m2

KN/m2

KN/m2

rest level of weir and flood water in right side, seismic (-x)

Weight of sediment, water & slab

79.60 KN/m2
Compression face

Description

Left side Right side


(1)
(2)

4.00

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

Weight of slab (KN)

48.57

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2
Y

Tension face

Uplift water pressure (KN/m )


Uplift water pressure (KN)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall
2

236.41
115.90

KN.m/m
KN/m

45.10
KN/m2
6.60

61.74
KN/m2
61.74
KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

Left side
(1)

KN/m2
Description

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Left side
(1)

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

Left side
(1)

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

KN/m2

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

X
KN/m2

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)
Weight of slab (KN)

Left side
(1)

Bearing pressure

KN/m2

Total weight (KN)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)
Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

X
KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)

Left side
(1)

Uplift water pressure (KN/m)


C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

X
KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

Left side
(1)

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

KN/m2
Description

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

KN/m

Weight of slab (KN)

Bearing pressure

Total weight (KN)

KN/m2

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

KN/m2

Uplift pressure

Left side
(1)

KN/m2

Weight of sediment, water & slab

103.60 KN/m2
Compression face

Description
1.00

1.60
42.85

44.24
KN/m2

Weight of slab (KN)

24.00

Bearing pressure
Tension face

Total weight (KN)

318.40

1.86
2.69

Uplift water pressure (KN/m2)


Uplift water pressure (KN/m)
C.G. of water pressure from divide wall

61.74
246.96
2.00

KN/m2

KN/m2

60.00
234.40

KN/m2

KN.m/m
KN/m

61.74

61.74

Weight of dry/wet sediment above slab (KN)


Weight of water above slab (KN)

Left side
(1)

Uplift pressure

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)

Right side
(2)
48.00
93.76
24.00
165.76
61.74
98.78
0.80

Design of left projected base slab

A) Check provided thickness of left projected base slab at its junction with divide wall
Thickness of left projected base slab is governed by maximum bending moment. It is determined by assuming singly reinforced balanced se
Take concrete grade C25 & steel grade Fe500.
Characteristic strength of steel (fy)
=
500
N/mm2
Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)
=
25
N/mm2
Young's modulus of elasticity of steel (E s)

=
=
=

200000
236.41
1.50

N/mm2
KN.m/m

354.62

KN.m/m

0.456

1.00

From above equation, effective thickness (d)


Assume,
diameter of steel bar ()
Clear cover

=
=
=

326.55
25
75

mm
mm
mm

Thus, required thickness (D=d+/2+clear cover)


Provided thickness of left projected base slab
Result

=
=
=

414.05
mm
1000
mm
Safe thickness

Maximum moment at junction of divide wall (M)


Taking load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu,l)
Taking equation

M u ,l

bd 2
0.36 f ck

Where,

xu , l
d

x u ,l
x
1 0.416 u ,l
d
d

0.0035
0.0055 0.87

fy

Es

B) Main reinforcement

Design of tensile steel bars are calculated by assuming singly under-reinforced section i.e. M u<Mu,l
For singly reinforced balanced section,
Depth of neutral section (xu,l)
Width of left projected base slab (b)

M u ,l 0.36 f ck bxu ,l ( d 0.416 xu ,l )


For singly under-reinforced section,
Gross thickness of left projected base slab (D)

Clear cover
Diameter of tensile steel bar ()
Effective depth (d)
Maximum moment at junction of divide wall (M)
Load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu)

=
=
=

416.12
1000.00
2769.11

mm
mm
KN.m/m

=
=
=
=
=
=

1000.00
75
25
912.50
236.41
1.50

mm
mm
mm
mm
KN.m/m

354.62

KN.m/m

Assumption is right i.e. it is singly under-reinforced section.


Required area of tensile steel bars are calculated by following equation.

Ast
Thus,

Mu
0.87 f y ( d 0.416 xu )
Ast

Trial Ast

Where,

xu

0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast

Remarks

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

< Mu,l

Trial Ast

Ast

Tension

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

OK

1551.25

1551.25

Ast,required
(mm2/m)

Check

Remarks

1551.25

OK

0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

911.71

Face

Remarks

Mu

911.71

Bar size
(mm)

C/c
spacing
(mm)

25

250

Ast per Total area


(mm2/m)
meter
(mm2/m)
1963.50

1963.50

C) Distribution bar
Length of left projected base slab (b)
Required area of distribution bar on one side
Face

Tension

Gross
Required
thickness bar area
(mm)
(mm2/m)
1000.00

800.00

=
=

Provide 25 mm @ 250 mm c/c

1000.00
0.08

Bar size
(mm)

Required
c/c
spacing
(mm)

Provided
c/c
spacing
(mm)

16

251.33

250

mm
% of gross area

Remarks

Provide 16 mm @ 250 mm c/c

D) Check for shear


Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

N/mm2

Area of provided tensile steel bars (Ast,provided)

1963.50

mm2/m

Percentage of provided steel bars (P = 100*Ast,provided/bd)

0.22

Design shear stress of concrete (uc)

0.34

N/mm2

Ultimate shear force at junction of divide wall (V u)

117.67

KN/m

Nominal shear stress (uv = Vu/bd)

0.13

N/mm2

E) Check for surface crack width


Clear cover to bars
Thickness of the member (D)
Effective depth for tensile bar (d)
Effective depth for compression bar (d')
Length of the member (b)
Diameter of tensile bar (t)

=
=
=
=
=

75.00
1000.00
912.50
85.00
1000.00

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

25

mm

Diameter of compression bar (c)

20

mm

Area of tensile bars per meter length (Ast)

1963.50

mm2/m

Area of compression bars per meter length (Asc)

=
=

0.00
250.00

mm2/m
mm

354.62

Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

KN.m/m
N/mm2

Young's modulus of elasticity of steel (E s)

2.00E+05

N/mm2

2.50E+04

N/mm2

8.00

Safe in shear i.e. shear reinforcement is not required.

C/c spacing of tensile bar (S)


Ultimate bending moment (Mu)

Young's modulus of elasticity of concrete


m = Es/Ec
Modular ratio

Ec = 5000*fck1/2

Percentage of tensile bars

p = Ast/bd

0.0021518

Percentage of compression bars


Allowable crack width

p' = Asc/bd

=
=

0.0000000
0.20
mm

I) Surface crack width under a bar on the tension face

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

acr

= distance from the point considered to the surface of the


nearest longitudinal bar

75.00

mm

cmin

= minimum cover to the longitudinal bar


= Overall depth of the member

=
=

75.00
1000.00

mm
mm

-5.30E-04

D
em

= average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

0.7bt D a ' x
1
10 3
Ast D x f s
where,

a'
bt

= distance from compression face to the point at which the =


crack width is being calculated

1000.00

mm

= width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

1000.00

mm

1.17E-03

209.75

N/mm2

154.33

mm

= strain at which cracking is being considered

f s D x
Es d x

Tensile stress in the tensile bars


x

Icr

fs m

M
d x
I cr

= depth of the neutral axis from compression



d'

2
x m 2 p 1.5 p ' 2m p 1.5 p '
d

face
1

m p 1.5 p ' d

= moment of inertia of the cracked section considering equivalent area of tension and compression
reinforcement

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x


2

1.03E+10

II) Surface crack width at a point on the tension face midway between two bars

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

acr

140.08

mm

em

-5.30E-04

cmin

=
=
=

75.00
1000.00
154.33

mm
mm
mm

No crack

mm

acr

111.24

mm

em

-5.30E-04

cmin

=
=
=

75.00
1000.00
154.33

Safe

Where,

D
x

III) Surface crack width at bottom corner

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Where,

D
x

mm
mm
mm

Safe

mm4

IV) Maximum crack width


Maximum crack width will occur at a distance of 2/3(d-x) from neutral axis

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

acr

= distance from the point considered to the surface of the


nearest longitudinal bar

254.94

mm

cmin

= minimum cover to the longitudinal bar


= Overall depth of the member

=
=

75.00
1000.00

mm
mm

-3.17E-04

D
em

= average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

1
where,

a'
bt

= distance from compression face to the point at which the =


crack width is being calculated

659.78

mm

= width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

1000.00

mm

6.99E-04

209.75

N/mm2

154.33

mm

1.03E+10

mm4

= strain at which cracking is being considered

fs
2
d x
E s d x 3

Tensile stress in the tensile bars


x
Icr

0.7bt D a ' x
10 3
Ast D x f s

fs m

M
d x
I cr

= depth of the neutral axis from compression face

= moment of inertia of the cracked section considering


equivalent area of tension and compression reinforcement

= moment of inertia of the cracked section considering


equivalent area of tension and compression reinforcement

g singly reinforced balanced section.

Check,
% of steel bar for Mu

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

p 50

1 1

0.10

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

1 1

p 50

Thus, area of steel bars

Top
Bottom

p/100*bd

912.07

mm2/m

Provided main bars

Provided distn bars

Area
(mm2/m)

Area
(mm2/m)

1256.64
1963.50

Weight
(Kg/m3)
9.86
15.41

Weight
(Kg/m3)

804.25
804.25

Table 19

6.31
6.31

Sub-total
weight
(Kg/m3)

16.18
21.73

Total
weight
(Kg/m3)

37.90

% of steel
bars
(%/m3)

0.48%

Design Shear Strength of Concrete, c (N/mm2)


M

15

20

25

30

35

0.15

0.28

0.28

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.25

0.35

0.36

0.36

0.37

0.37

p (%)

< uc

0.50

0.46

0.48

0.49

0.50

0.50

0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00

0.54
0.60
0.64
0.68
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71

0.56
0.62
0.67
0.72
0.75
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82

0.57
0.64
0.70
0.74
0.78
0.82
0.85
0.88
0.90
0.92

0.59
0.66
0.71
0.76
0.80
0.84
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.96

0.59
0.67
0.73
0.78
0.82
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.96
0.99

0.33

0.33

0.34

0.34

0.34

& above

I) Surface crack width under a bar on the tension face

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Safe

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

0.08

mm

average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

m 1

bt D x a ' x
3Es Ast d x

3.69E-04

Strain in concrete at the level of steel

M d x
E c I cr

1.05E-03

Strain in concrete at the outer most tension face

d
d x

D x

1.17E-03

depth of the neutral axis from compression face which is calculated by

b x2
1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x
2
Solving,

154.33

154.33

mm

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x =


2

1.03E+10

mm4

II) Surface crack width at a point on the tension face midway between two bars

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

0.13

mm

0.11

mm

III) Surface crack width at bottom corner

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

IV) Maximum crack width


Maximum crack width will occur at a distance of 2/3(d-x) from neutral axis
Safe

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

0.31

mm

average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

bt D x a ' x
1
3Es Ast d x

5.70E-04

a'
=
659.78
Strain in concrete at the level of steel

M d x
E c I cr

mm

1.05E-03

strain at which cracking is being considered

d
dx

2
d x
3

1.05E-03

depth of the neutral axis from compression face


x
=
154.33
mm

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x


2

1.03E+10

mm4

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x


2

main reinforcement

distribution bar

10

mm

4.75

12

mm

16
20
25

mm
mm
mm

8
10
12

28
32
36
40

mm
mm
mm
mm

16
20

M
40
0.30
0.38

& above

0.51
0.60
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
0.35

distribution bar

Grade of concrete

mm

15

mm

20

mm
mm
mm

25
30
35

mm
mm

40

Design of right projected base slab


A) Check provided thickness of right projected base slab at its junction with divide wall
Thickness of right projected base slab is governed by maximum bending moment. It is determined by assuming singly reinforced balanced
Take concrete grade C25 & steel grade Fe500.
Characteristic strength of steel (fy)
=
500
N/mm2
Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

N/mm2

Young's modulus of elasticity of steel (E s)

=
=
=
=

200000
33.07
1.50
49.60

N/mm2
KN.m/m

0.456

1.00

From above equation, effective thickness (d)


Assume,
diameter of steel bar ()
Clear cover

=
=
=

122.13
25
75

mm
mm
mm

Thus, required thickness (D=d+/2+clear cover)


Provided thickness of right projected base slab
Result

=
=
=

209.63
mm
1000
mm
Safe thickness

Maximum moment at junction of divide wall (M)


Taking load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu,l)
Taking equation

M u ,l

bd 2
0.36 f ck

Where,

xu , l
d

KN.m/m

x u ,l
x
1 0.416 u ,l
d
d

0.0035
0.0055 0.87

fy

Es

B) Main reinforcement

Design of tensile steel bars are calculated by assuming singly under-reinforced section i.e. M u<Mu,l
For singly reinforced balanced section,
Depth of neutral section (xu,l)
Width of right projected base slab (b)

M u ,l 0.36 f ck bxu ,l ( d 0.416 xu ,l )


For singly under-reinforced section,
Gross thickness of right projected base slab (D)

Clear cover
Diameter of tensile steel bar ()
Effective depth (d)
Maximum moment at junction of divide wall (M)
Load factor
Maximum ultimate moment (Mu)

=
=
=

416.12
1000.00
2769.11

mm
mm
KN.m/m

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1000.00
75
25
912.50
33.07
1.50
49.60

mm
mm
mm
mm
KN.m/m
KN.m/m

Assumption is right i.e. it is singly under-reinforced section.


Required area of tensile steel bars are calculated by following equation.

Ast
Thus,

Mu
0.87 f y ( d 0.416 xu )
Ast

Trial Ast

Where,

xu

0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast

Remarks

Mu
0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

< Mu,l

Trial Ast

Ast

Tension

Ast,min
(mm2/m)

Ast,req
(mm2/m)

OK

1551.25

1551.25

Ast,required
(mm2/m)

Check

Remarks

1551.25

OK

0.87 f y Ast

0.87 f y d 0.416
0.36 f ck b

125.31

Face

Remarks

Mu

125.31

Bar size
(mm)

C/c
spacing
(mm)

25

150

Ast per Total area


(mm2/m)
meter
(mm2/m)
3272.49

3272.49

C) Distribution bar
Length of right projected base slab (b)
Required area of distribution bar on one side
Face

Tension

Gross
Required
thickness bar area
(mm)
(mm2/m)
1000.00

800.00

=
=

Provide 25 mm @ 150 mm c/c

1000.00
0.08

Bar size
(mm)

Required
c/c
spacing
(mm)

Provided
c/c
spacing
(mm)

16

251.33

250

mm
% of gross area

Remarks

Provide 16 mm @ 250 mm c/c

D) Check for shear


Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

N/mm2

Area of provided tensile steel bars (Ast,provided)


Percentage of provided steel bars (P = 100*Ast,provided/bd)

=
=

3272.49
0.36

mm2/m
%

Design shear stress of concrete (uc)


Ultimate shear force at junction of divide wall (V u)

=
=

0.42
37.95

N/mm2
KN/m

Nominal shear stress (uv = Vu/bd)

0.04

N/mm2

Safe in shear i.e. shear reinforcement is not required.

E) Check for surface crack width


Clear cover to bars
Thickness of the member (D)
Effective depth for tensile bar (d)
Effective depth for compression bar (d')
Length of the member (b)
Diameter of tensile bar (t)
Diameter of compression bar (c)

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

75.00
1000.00
912.50
85.00
1000.00
25
20

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Area of tensile bars per meter length (Ast)

3272.49

mm2/m

Area of compression bars per meter length (Asc)


C/c spacing of tensile bar (S)
Ultimate bending moment (Mu)

=
=
=

0.00
150.00
49.60

Characteristic strength of concrete (fck)

25

mm2/m
mm
KN.m/m
N/mm2

Young's modulus of elasticity of steel (E s)

=
=
=
=
=
=

2.00E+05 N/mm2
2.50E+04 N/mm2
8.00
0.0035863
0.0000000
0.20
mm

No crack

Young's modulus of elasticity of concrete


m = Es/Ec
Modular ratio
Percentage of tensile bars
Percentage of compression bars
Allowable crack width

Ec = 5000*fck1/2
p = Ast/bd
p' = Asc/bd

I) Surface crack width under a bar on the tension face

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

mm

acr
cmin
D
em

= distance from the point considered to the surface of the


nearest longitudinal bar
= minimum cover to the longitudinal bar
= Overall depth of the member
= average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

0.7bt D a ' x
1
10 3
Ast D x f s
where,

a'
bt

75.00

mm

=
=

75.00
1000.00

mm
mm

-1.19E-02

= distance from compression face to the point at which the =


crack width is being calculated

1000.00

mm

= width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

1000.00

mm

1.00E-04

17.88

= strain at which cracking is being considered

f s D x
Es d x

Tensile stress in the tensile bars


x

fs m

M
d x
I cr

N/mm2

= depth of the neutral axis from compression face


1

d' 2

2
2
x m p 1.5 p ' 2m p 1.5 p '
m p 1.5 p ' d
=
193.96
mm
d

= moment of inertia of the cracked section considering equivalent area of tension and compression
reinforcement

Icr

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x


2

II) Surface crack width at a point on the tension face midway between two bars

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

1.59E+10

mm4

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Where,

acr
em
cmin
D
x

No crack

mm

=
=
=
=
=

102.74
-1.19E-02
75.00
1000.00
193.96

mm

No crack

mm

=
=
=
=
=

111.24
-1.19E-02
75.00
1000.00
193.96

mm

Safe

mm
mm
mm

III) Surface crack width at bottom corner

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Where,

acr
em
cmin
D
x

Safe

mm
mm
mm

IV) Maximum crack width


Maximum crack width will occur at a distance of 2/3(d-x) from neutral axis

Wcr

acr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

= distance from the point considered to the surface of the


nearest longitudinal bar

No crack

mm

242.49

mm

cmin
D
em

= distance from the point considered to the surface of the


nearest longitudinal bar
= minimum cover to the longitudinal bar
= Overall depth of the member
= average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

0.7bt D a ' x
1
10 3
Ast D x f s
where,

a'
bt

mm

=
=

75.00
1000.00

mm
mm

-7.05E-03

= distance from compression face to the point at which the =


crack width is being calculated

672.99

mm

= width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

1000.00

mm

5.96E-05

17.88

N/mm2

193.96

mm

1.59E+10

mm4

fs
2
d x
E s d x 3

Tensile stress in the tensile bars

Icr

242.49

= strain at which cracking is being considered

fs m

M
d x
I cr

= depth of the neutral axis from compression face


= moment of inertia of the cracked section considering
equivalent area of tension and compression reinforcement

ng singly reinforced balanced section.

Check,
% of steel bar for Mu

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

p 50

1 1

0.01

4.6 M u
.
f ck bd 2
fy

f ck

1 1

p 50

Thus, area of steel bars

Top
Bottom

=
=

p/100*bd
125.38

Provided main bars

Provided distn bars

Area
(mm2/m)

Area
(mm2/m)

2094.40
3272.49

Weight
(Kg/m3)
16.44
25.69

Weight
(Kg/m3)

804.25
804.25

Table 19

< uc

mm2/m

6.31
6.31

Sub-total
weight
(Kg/m3)

22.75
32.00

Total
weight
(Kg/m3)

54.76

% of steel
bars
(%/m3)

0.70%

Design Shear Strength of Concrete, c (N/mm2)


M

p (%)
0.15

15
0.28

20
0.28

25
0.29

30
0.29

35
0.29

0.25
0.50

0.35
0.46

0.36
0.48

0.36
0.49

0.37
0.50

0.37
0.50

0.75

0.54

0.56

0.57

0.59

0.59

1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
& above

0.60
0.64
0.68
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71

0.62
0.67
0.72
0.75
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82

0.64
0.70
0.74
0.78
0.82
0.85
0.88
0.90
0.92

0.66
0.71
0.76
0.80
0.84
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.96

0.67
0.73
0.78
0.82
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.96
0.99

0.40

0.41

0.42

0.43

0.43

I) Surface crack width under a bar on the tension face


Safe

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

m 1

bt D x a ' x
3Es Ast d x

-3.60E-04

Strain in concrete at the level of steel

M d x
E c I cr

8.94E-05

Strain in concrete at the outer most tension face

d
dx

D x

1.00E-04

depth of the neutral axis from compression face which is calculated by

b x2
1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x
2
Solving,

I cr b x

193.96

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x =


2

193.96

mm

1.59E+10

mm4

II) Surface crack width at a point on the tension face midway between two bars

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

No crack

mm

III) Surface crack width at bottom corner

Wcr

3a cr e m
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

IV) Maximum crack width


Maximum crack width will occur at a distance of 2/3(d-x) from neutral axis
Safe

Wcr

3a cr em
a c min
1 2 cr

Dx

No crack

mm

average strain at the level at which cracking is being considered

bt D x a ' x
1
3Es Ast d x

-1.84E-04

a'
=
672.99
Strain in concrete at the level of steel

M d x
E c I cr

mm

8.94E-05

strain at which cracking is being considered

d
dx

2
d x
3

8.94E-05

depth of the neutral axis from compression face


x
=
193.96
mm

I cr b x

1.5m 1 Asc x d ' m Ast d x


2

1.59E+10

mm4

main reinforcement
10
12
16
20
25
28
32
36
40

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

distribution bar
4.75
7
8
10
12
16
20

M
40
0.30
0.38
0.51
0.60

& above

0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
0.44

distribution bar
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Grade of concrete
15
20
25
30
35
40

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