4G Resume

RSRP==>(Reference signal receive power.)

Range: - -44 ke -140 dBm
Istilah RSRP digunakan untuk cakupan yang sama seperti RSCP di 3G.
RSRQ==> Reference signal receive quality.Range :- -3 to -19.5 dB
SINR :- Signal to Noise Ratio.
kualitas wirles conection.kaitanya dengan interference,noise, dan transmisi
SINR(dB)
0 to 5 ==>poor
5 to 15 ==>Average
15 to 25 ==> Good
>25 Exellent
RSSI :- Received Signal Strength Indicator
<-102
==>worst
-102 to -94 ==>poor
-90 to -84 ==>Average
-84 to -74 ==> Good
>-74
==>Exellent
CQI :- Channel Quality Indicator.diukur dLm dedicTED
Range: - 1 sampai 15
PCI: - Sel Fisik Id/cell id/sc
Range: - 0-503
Throughput DL

Throughput UL

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

Network plan, network structure diagram, site distribution,

site information, and engineering parameters
Drive test results (such as service drop points and
handover failure points) in the current area
Reference signal received power (RSRP) coverage diagram
Signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) distribution
diagram
Measured handover success rates

Areas to be optimized can be determined by comparing the

distribution of RSRPs, SINRs, and handover success rates
with the optimization baseline.

Handover success rate = Number of handovers/Number of handover attempts x

100%
Power Adjustment Method

Classification of Coverage Problems

(RSRP is mainly involved)
-Weak coverage and coverage holes
-Cross coverage

-Imbalance between (uplink and downlink)

-Cell yang tidak dominan

Factors Yang mempengaruhi Coverage

Dari sisi Downlink:
Equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP)
Total transmit power
Combining loss
Path loss (PL)
Frequency band

Distance between a receive point and an eNodeB

Scenarios (urban and suburban areas) and terrains (plains, mountains, and hills) of
electric wave propagation
Antenna gain
Antenna height
Antenna parameters (antenna pattern)
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Dari Sisi Uplink
Uplink:
eNodeB receiver sensitivity
Antenna diversity gain
UE transmit power
Propagation loss of uplink radio signals
Impact of tower-mounted amplifiers (TMAs) on uplink

Weak Coverage and Coverage

Holes
Weak coverage
-The signal quality in cells is poorer than the optimization baseline in an area. As a
result, UEs cannot be registered with the network or accessed services cannot meet
QoS requirements.

Coverage holes
If there is no network coverage or coverage levels are excessively low in an area, the
area is called a weak coverage area. The receive level of a UE is less than its minimum
access level (RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN) because downlink receive levels in a weak
coverage area are unstable. In this situation, the UE is disconnected from the network.
After entering a weak coverage area, UEs in connected mode cannot be handed over to
a high-level cell, and even service drops occur because of low levels and signal quality.

Resolving Weak Coverage

Problems
Analyze keadan geografis dan cek receive levels adjacent eNodeBs.
Analysis EIRP dari masing-masing sektor berdasarkan konfigurasi
parameter,cek pilot power
Adjust

antenna azimuths and tilts, meningikan antenna height, and

use high-gain antennas.
Deploy new eNodeBs if coverage hole problems cannot be resolved
by adjusting antennas.
Increase

coverage by adjacent eNodeBs to achieve large coverage

overlapping between two eNodeBs and ensure a moderate handover
area. Note: Increasing coverage may lead to co-channel and adjacentchannel interference.
Use RRUs, indoor distribution systems, leaky feeders, and directional
antennas to resolve the problem with blind spots in elevator shafts,
tunnels, underground garages or basements, and high buildings.
Analyze

the impact of scenarios and terrains on coverage.

Tidak Ada Cell yang dominan/

Lack of a dominant cell

Di daerah tanpa sel yang dominan, serving cell dan neighbor cell mempunyai recive
cell yang hamper sama, SINR menjadi tidak stabil karena frekuensi reuse,
dan bahkan kualitas menjadi tidak memuaskan.
Dalam situasi ini, sel yang dominan sering dipilih kembali dan berubah dalam modus
siaga. Akibatnya, sering handover .

Resolving Problems with Lack

of a Dominant Cell
Determine

cells covering an area without a dominant cell during

network planning, and adjust antenna tilts and azimuths to increase
coverage by a cell with strong signals and decrease coverage of other
cells with weak signals.
Adjust

engineering parameters of a cell that can optimally cover the

area as required.

Cross Coverage
Terjadi karena antenna yang terlalu tinggi dari site neighbor sehingga
overlapping coverage,

Resolving Cross Coverage Problems

Adjust antenna azimuths & elekrtical tilt
Adjust antenna tilts or replace antennas with large-tilt antennas while
ensuring proper antenna azimuths. Tilt adjustment is the most effective
approach to control coverage. Tilts are classified into electrical tilts and
mechanical tilts. Electrical tilts are preferentially adjusted if possible.
Merandahkan antenna

Parameter Pada Drivetest 4G LTE 1.

RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) adalah power dari sinyal yang di
terima dari eNodeB ke UE. 2.
SINR (Signal to Interference Noise Ratio) yang merupakan rasio antara rata-rata
power yang diterima dengan rata-rata interferensi dan noise. Minimum RSRP dan SINR yang sesuai tergantung pada
band frekuensinya. 3.
PCI (Physical Cell ID) merupakan cara untuk mengidentifikasi pada fisik cell dalam jaringan
LTE. Setiap cell melakukan broadcast penandaan identifikasi berupa PCI yang digunakan oleh perangkat untuk
mengidentifikasi cell (melibatkan frekuensi dan waktu) dalam prosedur handover. Agar proses handover berjalan
dengan sukses, maka alokasi PCI dalam jaringan LTE harus memenuhi ketentuan sebagai berikut:2 a. Collisionfree, berarti kode PCI harus unik dalam suatu area dimana suatu sel dicakup. Kondisi ini terjadi jika terdapat dua sel
tetangga yang tidak memiliki kode PCI yang sama. b. Confusion-free, berarti sebuah sel tidak diperbolehkan
memiliki sel tetangga dengan PCI sama yang berdekatan. Kondisi ini terjadi jika tidak ada satupun sel-sel yang
memiliki 2 sel tetangga dengan PCI yang berdekatan. Today Deal $50 Off : https://goo.gl/efW8Ef
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