16

LIMITATIONS OF ELASTIC DESIGN

Tab/e

Near
midd/e Penu/ti- Midd/e Other
mate interior interior
end
span support spans supports

Loading

wdL2

--- -

Source

12

British code of
practice

w,L 2
-9-

British code of
practice

- - 1 - - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - - 1- - - - 1- - - --

w,L 2

w,

w,L 2
-9-

10

--

- - -- - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - - 1 -- - - 1 --- -- - - - - - - -

w,L2
108

British code of
practice

w1L2
103

British code of
practice

- --

-1---1---1----1----1------

w1L2

w.

10

w,

11

9-:s

w 1L 2

British code of
practice

w1L 2
96

British code of
practice

w1L2

American
Concrete
Institute

16

wL 2

w,L 2

16

Russian practice

Figure 7

thus an under-reinforced section is ensured. The moment coefficients used in Russian practice can be obtained as follows.
Referring to Figure 8, consider the equilibrium of beam AB in
which the plastic hinge develops in the span and at B. This
represents the mechanism of failure. For the equilibrium of

AA' then Mu =

Wt

~ and for the equilibrium of B:B' then

~

69

REINFORCED CONCRETE

Stage I to 4 are explained more fully in the example and

stages 5 and 6 are amplified in subsequent chapters.
Examp/e 4.1
A reinforced concrete beam ( Figure 45) is continuous over
five equal spans of 20 ft. and subjected to a dead Ioad
wd = 245 kipsjft. and a live Ioad W 8 = 105 kips/ft. The cube
strength of the concrete is 4,500 lb./in. 2 and the yield strength
o( the steel 60,000 lb./in. 2 Design the beam on a plastic hinge
baSi_s assuming a Ioad factor of 20.
Totalload w 1 = W 8 +wd = 245+105
= 35 kipsjft.

Assuming plastic hinges to occur at supports and values of

moments as Figure 45, then considering the end span and
w 1L2
16

w 1L 2

12

C'\"C\D 0 . 0

fB~~L

I--2oft.

20ft.

At

~~L

f:.

w 1 wd (2 45) w 5 ( tOS)

DDD~DC\C\

tD

tc

tE

tF
1

2oft-l- --20tt -4-20ft.~

Figure 45

penultimate support moments, the ultimate moment of resistance required will be:
Mu = 2X35X202 X ~~
= 2,800 k.in.

Assuming a rib width of 12 in. the resistance moment at the

support

B is

~u bd2 for ~n under-reinforced

sect10n