Single Stage CCM Zeta Micro Inverter for Solar PV

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IEEE SOFTWARE | EMBEDDED | MECHANICAL | ROBOTICS PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT
A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO INVERTER FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

AC MODULE
By
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted to the Department of electronics & communication Engineering in the

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
Of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
APRIL 2016
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CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report titled A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO INVERTER
FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC AC MODULE is the bonafide work of Mr.
_____________Who carried out the research under my supervision Certified further, that to the
best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this
or any other candidate.
Signature of the Guide
Signature of the H.O.D
Name
Name

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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO
INVERTER
FOR
SOLAR
PHOTOVOLTAIC
AC
MODULE
Submitted
to
BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the
Degree of MASTER OF APPLIED ELECTRONICS is a record of original work done by me the
guidance of Prof.A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., to the best of my knowledge, the work
reported here is not a part of any other thesis or work on the basis of which a degree or award
was conferred on an earlier occasion to me or any other candidate.
(Student Name)
(Reg.No)
Place:
Date:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely glad to present my project A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO

INVERTER FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC AC MODULE which is a part of my
curriculum of third semester Master of Science in Computer science. I take this opportunity to
express my sincere gratitude to those who helped me in bringing out this project work.
I would like to express my Director, Dr. K. ANANDAN, M.A.(Eco.), M.Ed., M.Phil.,(Edn.),

PGDCA., CGT., M.A.(Psy.) of who had given me an opportunity to undertake this project.
I am highly indebted to Co-Ordinator Prof. Muniappan Department of Physics and thank from
my deep heart for her valuable comments I received through my project.
I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide

Prof. A.Vinayagam M.Sc., M.Phil., M.E., for her immense help and encouragement for
successful completion of this project.
I also express my sincere thanks to the all the staff members of Computer science for their kind
advice.
And last, but not the least, I express my deep gratitude to my parents and friends for their
encouragement and support throughout the project.

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ABSTRACT:
Microinverter mounted on each photovoltaic (PV) panel, i.e., microinverter is gaining
popularity due to increased energy harvest. This paper proposes a novel single stage zeta
microinverter for PV applications. The proposed topology is based on zeta converter with high
frequency (HF) transformer isolation and a single low side switch on the primary side of
transformer.
The most distinctive feature of the proposed inverter is its ability to work in continuous
conduction mode (CCM) over a wide load range, which results in high efficiency, reduced
current stress, and components' rating.
All the secondary switches operate at line frequency, thus reducing switching losses
significantly. A comprehensive study of the proposed microinverter including steady-state
analysis and design has been reported. A 220 W microinverter was designed, developed, and
tested in the laboratory. Experimental results are demonstrated to verify the CCM operation of
the inverter and its performance over a wide load range

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INTRODUCTION:
Among various microinverters reported in literature, the most generic are two stage
inverters where a dc/dc converter is used in the front-end to track mppt and to boost the voltage
while second stage pulse width modulated (pwm) inverter convert dc to ac. The major drawback
of this type of inverters is the components count and cost.
Non-isolated microinverters are simple and compact, but boosting the voltage to the grid
level without transformer is a major concern. Third kind is single-stage microinverters where all
three tasks i.e. mppt, voltage boosting and dc to ac conversion are done in one stage. Such
microinverters are very promising due to reduced switch count and high power density.
Other type of microinverters utilize active power decoupling that enables the use of thin
film capacitors instead of electrolytic capacitors to increase the life span of the microinverter.
However, this comes with an additional cost and relatively low efficiency.
Third kind is single-stage microinverters where all three tasks i.e. MPPT, voltage
boosting and dc to ac conversion are done in one stage. Such microinverters are very promising
due to reduced switch count and high power density .
Other type of microinverters utilize active power decoupling that enables the use of thin
film capacitors instead of electrolytic capacitors to increase the life span of the microinverter.
However, this comes with an additional cost and relatively low efficiency .
Among single-stage microinverters, flyback converter with a line frequency inverter
(LFI) is the most commonly reported topology as there is only one main switch on the primary.
Most of the flyback inverters reported in literature operate under discontinuous conduction mode
(DCM).

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DCM mode of operation leads to higher inverter losses, current stress and component
rating compared to CCM operation. This is due to the control complexity caused by the right half
plan (RHP) zero when flyback converter is operated in CCM.
To address the problems in flyback inverter and to achieve CCM operation with a moving
RHP zero, Li & Oruganti proposed control strategies and demonstrated significant efficiency
improvement. However, designing controller with a moving RHP zero is always a challenge

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EXISTING SYSTEM:
The flyback converter is used in both ac/dc and dc/dc conversion with galvanic isolation
between the input and many outputs. The flyback converter is a buck-boost converter with the
inductor split to form a transformer, so that the voltage ratios are multiplied with an additional
advantage of isolation. The flyback converter is an isolated power converter.
The two prevailing control schemes are voltage mode control and current mode control
(in the majority of cases current mode control needs to be dominant for stability during
operation). Both require a signal related to the output voltage. There are three common ways to
generate this voltage.
The first is to use an optocoupler on the secondary circuitry to send a signal to the
controller. The second is to wind a separate winding on the coil and rely on the cross regulation
of the design. The third consists on sampling the voltage amplitude on the primary side, during
the discharge, referenced to the standing primary dc voltage.

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PROPOSED SYSTEM:
Operation of zeta microinverter is explained for the positive half cycle of load current at
switching frequency. The main switch sm is modulated at high frequency (hf) with a variable
duty cycle to generate rectified ac output and secondary switches s1 - s4 are operated at line
frequency to produce ac output at line frequency. On the secondary side, during positive half
cycle of load current switches s1, s3 are gated to conduct and during negative half cycle of load
current, switches s2, s4 are gated to conduct. Steady-state operation of the proposed
microinverter in dcm and ccm mode of operation is analyzed.

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ADVANTAGES:
Reduced conduction losses, switch ratings and current stress.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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TOOLS AND SOFTWARE USED:
MPLAB microcontroller programming.

ORCAD circuit layout.
MATLAB/Simulink Simulation

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APPLICATIONS:
Pv applications.

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CONCLUSION:
A single stage novel CCM zeta microinverter has been proposed for solar PVAC module.
Steady-state operation and analysis of proposed zeta microinverter in both DCM and CCM has
been studied. Microinverter operation in CCM mode results in reduced conduction losses, switch
ratings and current stress. Traditional CCM mode flyback inverters have closed loop complexity
and stability issues. The proposed inverter provides HF isolation and has only a single switch
operating at HF which will reduce the switching losses. The circuit is simple and easy to
develop. Critical factors to consider while designing the inverter have been discussed and
studied. A 220 W inverter prototype has been developed and tested in the laboratory to validate
the claims, proposed operation and design. The laboratory prototype has a peak efficiency of
93% at rated power of 220 W.

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REFERENCES:
[1] S. B. Kjaer , J. K. Pedersen and F. Blaabjerg, A review of single-phase grid-connected

inverters for photovoltaic modules, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292-1306, Oct.
2005.
[2] J. M. Carrasco, L. G. Franquelo, J. T. Bialasiewicz, E. Galvan, R. C. P.Guisado, M. A. M.
Prats, J. I. Leon, and N.M. Alfonso, Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of
renewable energy sources: A survey, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 10021016,
Jun. 2006.
[3] Q. Li and P. Wolfs, A review of the single phase photovoltaic module integrated converter
topologies with three different DC link configurations, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 23,
no. 3, pp. 1320-1333, May.2008.
[4] Q. Li and P.Wolfs, A current fed two-inductor boost converter with an integrated magnetic
structure and passive lossless snubbers for photovoltaic module integrated converter
applications, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 309321, Jan. 2007.
[5] C. Rodriguez and G. Amaratunga, Long-lifetime power inverter for photovoltaic AC
modules, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2593-2601, Jul.2008.

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Single Stage CCM Zeta Micro Inverter for Solar PV

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ECWAY TECHNOLOGIES

IEEE SOFTWARE | EMBEDDED | MECHANICAL | ROBOTICS PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT

A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO INVERTER FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

Submitted to the Department of electronics & communication Engineering in the

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

Signature of the Guide

Signature of the H.O.D

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

I am extremely glad to present my project A SINGLE STAGE CCM ZETA MICRO

I would like to express my Director, Dr. K. ANANDAN, M.A.(Eco.), M.Ed., M.Phil.,(Edn.),

I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

Reduced conduction losses, switch ratings and current stress.

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

TOOLS AND SOFTWARE USED:

MPLAB microcontroller programming.

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

[1] S. B. Kjaer , J. K. Pedersen and F. Blaabjerg, A review of single-phase grid-connected

OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE /

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