Multiple Choice Questions

Quadrant 4
Multiple choice questions (choose the correct answer)

1. A carbon microphone is variable:
(a) Resistance device
(b) Inductance device
(c) Capacitance device
(d) none of the above
2. The Channel Capacity is exactly equal to:

(a) Bandwidth of demand
(b) Amount of information per second
(c) Noise rate in the channel
(d) none of these
3. To eliminate ghosts in the picture:

(a)Use a longer transmission line
(b) Connect a booster
(c) Change the antenna orientation or location
(d) Twist the
transmission line
4. Broadband long distance communication was originally made possible by the

advent of:
(a)Geostationary satellites
(b) H.F. radio systems
(c)Repeater amplifier
(d) Telegraph cable
Page 1 of 35
5. In T.V. system, indicate the true statement:

(a) Picture is AM, sound is FM
(b) Picture is FM, sound is AM
(c)Picture is AM; sound is AM
(d) both are frequency
modulated
6. Channel capacity is basically a measure of:

(a) Entropy
(b) Maximum rate of information
(c)Amount of information a channel can take (d) None of these
7. In communication systems, sampling technique leads to:

(a)Cheaper equipment
(b) Better efficiency
(c)Higher speed of communication
(d) Simpler operation
8. Redundancy in communication system

(a)Reduces efficiency of communication
(b) Helps to detect error
(c)Helps to correct error
(d) all of these
9. Entropy is basically a measure of

(a)Rate of information
(b) Average information
(c)Probability of information
(d) Disorder of information
Page 2 of 35
10.Reliable ship-to-ship communication may be secured with little fading by use

of:
(a)Frequency diversity reception
(c)More directional antenna
(b) Space diversity reception

(d) Broadband antenna
Page 3 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. When a receiver has a good blocking performance, it means that:
(a)Its detector is not functioning properly

(b) Its image frequency rejection is poor
(c)It suffers from double spotting
(d) It is unaffected by AGC derived from nearby transmissions
2. Refraction of radio waves in the atmosphere results due to:
(a) Changes in dielectric constant
(b) Changes in density of air
(c) Changes in dielectric constant and refractive index

(d) none of these
3. Which of the following is a false statement in connection with
communications receivers?
(a) A product demodulator could be used for the reception of Morse code
(b) Variable sensitivity is used to eliminate selective fading
(c) The noise limiter cuts off the receivers output during a noise pulse
(d) Double conversion is used to improve image rejection
4.
The number of repeaters along a coaxial cable link depends on:
Page 4 of 35
(a) Number of coaxial cables in the tube
(b) The bandwidth of the
system
(c)Separation between the equalizer
5.
(d) none of these
Fading can be avoided or improved by

(a)Providing space diversity reception
(b) Providing AVC in a
receiver
(c) Providing frequency diversity reception
6.
(d) all are possible
Sky wave propagation is used for

(a) Mobile transmission
(b) Short Distance Transmission
(c)Medium distance transmission
(d) Long Distance Transmission
7. Noise can be measured by:
8.
9.
(a)AC voltmeter
(b)DC voltmeter
(c)Either AC or DC voltmeter
(d)None of these
In a communication system, noise is most likely to affect the signal

(a)In the transmitter
(b)In the channel
(c)In the destination
(d)At the destination
A passive satellite:
(a)Only reflects back signals
(b)Only generates signals
Page 5 of 35
(c)Only absorbs signals
(d) Receives, modulates and then
reflects
10. At high frequencies, which noise will become most important:
(a)Short noise
(b)Thermal noise
(c)Transit time noise
(d)All of the above
11. Which of the following is not a useful quantity for comparing the noise
performance of receivers:
(a)Noise figure
(b) Noise temperature
(c)Equivalent noise resistance
(d) Input noise voltage
Page 6 of 35
Multiple Choice Questions:

1. The Hilbert transform is a linear operator which transforms
(a) Time domain to Frequency domain
(b) Time domain to Time domain
(c) Frequency domain to Frequency domain
a) Frequency domain to Time domain
2. Hilbert transform phase shifts all the frequency components of the input
signal by
(a)
2 rad when f>0
(b)
2 rad when f>0
(c)
4 rad when f>0
(d)
4 rad when f>0
3. |H(f)|= ____ for all f

(a) 0
(b) 2
(c)
(d)1
4. Hilbert Transform of x^(t) is

(a) x(t)
(b)x^(t)
(c)x(t)
(d)x^(t)
(c)tan2 f 0 t
(d)cot2 f 0 t
5. If x(t)= cos 2 f 0 t, then x^(t)= ____

(a) Sin2 f 0 t
(b)-cos2 f 0 t
6. Hilbert Transform of ej2f0t is
Page 7 of 35
(a) jsgn(2 f 0 ) ej2f0t
(b)jsgn(-2 f 0 ) ej2f0t
(c) jsgn(-2 f 0 ) ej2f0t
(d)jsgn(2 f 0 ) ej2f0t
7. x(t) and x^(t) have the same

(a) Power
(b)Energy
(c)Energy or power
(d)Energy and power
8. Hilbert Transform of m(t)sin 0 t=_____

(a) m(t)cos 0 t
(b) -m(t)cos 0 t
(c) m(-t)sin 0 t
(d) m(t)sin (- 0 t)
9. The Hilbert transform is used for the representation of

(a) Band pass signal
(b)Band stop signal
(c) Low pass signal
(d) High pass signal
10.
dt =
(a) 1
(b)-1
(c)0
(d)
Page 8 of 35
Choose the correct answers

1. An Am signal is demodulated using an envelope detected the carrier
frequency 1MHz and fm =2KHz is suitable for the envelope detector is
(a) 0.2usec
(b)1usec
(c)20usec
(d)500usec
2. The antenna current of Am transmitter of 8 ampere before modulations &

8.5 after modulation .find
(a) 0.5
(b)1
(c)0.2
(d)0.7
3. Consider an AM signal s(t) =4cos 1800t + 10cos 2000t +4cos 2200t .

Calculate bandwidth
(a)
200Hz
(b)400Hz
(c)600Hz
(d)700HZ

Calculate power
(a) 66watts
(b)40watts
(c)60watt
(d)70watts

Calculate efficiency
(a) 0.24
(b)0.4
(c) 0.6
(d) 0.2
6. Amplitude modulation by square waves or rectangular binary pulses is

referred to as
(a) phase-shift keying
(b)amplitude-shift keying
(c) frequency-shift keying
(d) binary-shift keying
7. With AM which of the following conveys no information?

Page 9 of 35
(a) lower sideband
(b)upper sideband
(c) Both sidebands
(d) carrier
8. In amplitude modulation, how much of the transmitted power is in the

carrier?
(a) one-half
(b)three-quarters (c)one-third
(d)two-thirds
9. Double-sideband suppressed carrier signals are generated by a circuit called

(a) balanced demodulator
(b)balanced modulator
(b) beat frequency oscillator
(d)notch filter
10.Which of the following is not a major benefit of SSB?

(a) noise in the signal is reduced
(b)conserves spectrum space
(c) Less transmitter circuitry is used

(d) More fading of an SSB signal over long distances
Page 10 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation?
(a) Single sideband
(b) Spread-spectrum
(c) Packet radio
(d) Phase shift keying
2. What type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF packet Radio
transmissions?
(a) FM
(b) SSB
(c)AM
(d) Spread Spectrum
3. Which type of voice modulation is most often used for long-distance or weak
signal contacts on the VHF and UHF bands?
(a)SSB
(b) FM
(c ) AM
(d) PM
4. Which type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF and UHF voice
repeaters?
(a)FM
(b)AM
(c)SSB
(d)PSK
Page 11 of 35
5. Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth?

(a) SSB Voice
(b) FM voice
(c) CW
(d) Slow-scan TV
6. Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF and UHF singlesideband communications?
(a) Lower sideband
(b) Upper sideband
(c) Suppressed sideband
(d) Inverted sideband
7. What is the primary advantage of single sideband over FM for voice

transmissions?
(a) SSB signals are less susceptible to interference
(b)SSB signals are easier to tune
(c) SSB signals have narrower bandwidth
(d) All of these choices are correct
8. What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband voice signal?

(a) 3 kHz
(b) 1 kHz
(c) 6 kHz
(d) 15 kHz
Page 12 of 35
9. What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM phone signal?
(a)Between 5 and 15 kHz
(b) Less than 500 Hz
(c)About 150 kHz
(d) Between 50 and 125 kHz
10. What is the typical bandwidth of analog fast-scan TV transmissions on the 70

cm band?
(a) About 3 MHz
(c) About 6 MHz
(b) More than 10 MHz

(d) About 1 MHz
11. What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW

signal?
(a) 150 Hz
(b) 2.4 kHz
(c) 1000 Hz
(d) 15 kHz
12. An SSB signal with a maximum level of 200 V p-p into a 50- load results in a
PEP rating of
(a) 200 W
(b) 50 W
(c)100 W
(d)800 W
13. State the chief advantage(s) of a standard SSB system

(a) Maximum signal range with minimum transmitted power
(b) Easy carrier reinsertion
Page 13 of 35
(c) Elimination of carrier interference

(d) Maximum signal range with minimum transmitted power and
elimination of carrier interference
14. The noise advantage of SSB over AM is

(a) 3 5 dB
(b) 5 7 dB
(c) 8 10 dB
(d) 10 12 dB
15. Once an SSB signal has been generated, it must be amplified by

(a) A nonlinear amplifier to conserve bandwidth
(b) A nonlinear amplifier to conserve energy
(c) A linear amplifier to conserve bandwidth
(d) A linear amplifier to avoid distortion
16. The advantages provided by carrier elimination in SSB do not apply to

transmission of
(a) Code
(b) Music
(c)Noise
(d) All of the above
17. An SSB receiver re-creates the original intelligence signal by

(a) Mixing the USB with LSB signals and filtering out the resulting
different frequencies
Page 14 of 35
(b) Filtering out the difference between either sideband and the
internally generated carrier signal
(c) Filtering out the harmonics of the received sideband signal
frequencies
(d) Amplifying the dc term produced by mixing action
Page 15 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. In T.V transmission, the type of modulation used for picture is

(a) SSB amplitude modulation
(b) DSB amplitude modulation
(c) Vestigial side band amplitude modulation
Frequency modulation
Page 16 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. A super heterodyne radio receiver with an intermediate frequency of 455 kHz

is tuned to a station operating at 1200 KHz. The associated image frequency is
________ kHz
(a) 1200
(b) 2110
(c) 1100
(d) 455
2. Sensitivity and selectivity of a heterodyne receiver

(a) Is better than a tuner radio frequency receiver
(b) Sensitivity and selectivity is the same in both
(c) Is poorer than TRF receiver
(d) Sensitivity is better in heterodyne receiver, selectivity is better in
TRF receiver
3. In a super heterodyne receiver, the frequency of local oscillator is

(a) Equal to that of incoming signal
(b) Higher than that of incoming signal
(c) Slightly less than that of incoming signal
(d) Half that of incoming signal
4. In super heterodyne receivers
Page 17 of 35
(a)IF is always variable

(b) RF is not used
(c) Local oscillator frequency is always less than the signal frequency
(d) Mixer is tuned to signal frequency
5. Which of the following component is not common between a tuned radio
frequency receiver and super heterodyne receiver?
(a) RF amplifier
(b) IF amplifier
(c)Detector
(d) Auto amplifier
6. An IF amplifier is a super heterodyne receiver meets with which of the

following requirements of the set?
(a) Bandwidth
(b) Gain
(c)Sensitivity
Page 18 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. The linear mixing process in an FDM system that does not attenuate the signal
uses
(a) a simple resistor network
(b) an RC network
(c) filter circuit
(d) an op amp summer
2. What is the difference between a balanced modulator and a regular modulator?

(a)There is no carrier produced in the output of a balanced modulator
(b)In a balanced modulator, there is 180 phase shift between the
upper and lower sidebands.
(c)In a balanced modulator, only one sideband is produced.
(d)In a balanced modulator, harmonics of the sidebands are
suppressed
3. In a balanced-ring modulator, the carrier suppression is accomplished by

(a)A dual-gate FET having symmetry
(b)The nonlinearity of the diodes that are used
(c)Symmetrical differential amplifier stages
Page 19 of 35
4. Common types of balanced modulators include

(a) Ring modulator
(b) Phase modulator
(c) Lattice modulator
5. The output of a mixer in a receiver system produces:

a) the difference between the modulated RF and the local oscillator
b) the sum of the modulated RF and local oscillator
c) an audio signal
d) the difference and the sum of both the modulated RF and local oscillator
frequencies
Page 20 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. Angle modulation includes the following type of modulation:
a) AM b) FM c) PM d) all of these
2. Carson's rule is used to approximate the necessary
a) Frequency Deviation b) Bandwidth c) capture
Ratio d) Modulation index
Page 21 of 35
Quadrant 4
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The amount of Frequency increase and decrease around the center frequency in
an FM Signal is called the ---------a) Index of modulation
b) Frequency deviation
c) Phase Deviation
d) Bandwidth of the FM Signal
2. The amount of frequency deviation is dependent on the intelligence frequency in

-----------a) An FM signal
b) A PM signal
c) Both FM and PM Signals
d) Neither PM and FM Signals
3. An FM Signal has an intelligence frequency of 3 KHz and a maximum deviation

of 20 Khz. If its carrier frequency is set at 172.5MHz, what is its index of
Modulation--------------------?
4. The amount an FM carrier frequency deviates for a given modulating input

voltage level is called the ----------------a) Frequency deviation
c) Deviation Constant
b) Index of modulation
d) Deviation Ratio
Page 22 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. The linear mixing process in an FDM system that does not attenuate the signal
uses
i) a simple resistor network
ii) an RC network
iii)a filter circuit
iv) an op amp summer
2. Another name for an FM demodulator is

i) discriminator
ii) encoder
iii) multiplexer
iv) modulator
3. The basic subsidiary communications authorization signal is a separate

subcarrier of
i) 67 Hz which is amplitude-modulated by audio signals
ii) 67 KHz which is phase-modulated by RF signals
iii) 67 KHz which is frequency-modulated by audio signals
iv) 67 KHz which is amplitude-modulated by audio signals
4. An alternate service provided by some FM stations that allows digital data to be
transmitted to the FM receiver is called
i) Digital Data System
ii)Radio Data System
iii)Digital Radio System
iv)Satellite Radio
5. If the appropriate system is used, what stage will output the name and artist of
music selections being played by the station?
i) linear combiner
ii) frequency doubler
Page 23 of 35
iii) QPSK demodulator
iv) FM demodulator
6. In what type of multiplexing does each signal occupy the entire bandwidth of the
channel?
i)frequency-division multiplexing ii) time-division multiplexing
iii)pulse-width multiplexing
iv) phase-shift multiplexing
7. Which multiplexer operates as a single-pole multiple-position mechanical or

electronic switch that sequentially samples the multiple analog inputs at a high rate
of speed?
i) frequency-division multiplexer
ii)phase-shift multiplexer
iii)pulse-amplitude modulated multiplexer iv) pulse-width multiplexer
8. What type circuits are used to remedy the synchronization problem encountered
in de-multiplexing?
i) Clock recovery circuits
iii) time-multiplex circuits
ii) clock redundancy circuits

iv) pulse-synch circuits
9. Which of the following is a very popular form of multiplexing where multiple

channels of digital data are transmitted in serial form?
i) frequency-division multiplexing
ii) phase-shift multiplexing
iii) pulse-amplitude modulated multiplexing
Page 24 of 35
iv) pulse-code modulated multiplexing
Page 25 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. PLL consists of
(a) Phase detector
(b) VCO
(c) Phase defector
(d) all of the above
2. VCO is designed so that at zero voltage it is oscillating at some initial

frequency W 0 called
(a) cut-off frequency
(b) free-cycle frequency
(c) free-running frequency
3. The time takes for a PLL to capture the incoming signal is called
(a) pull out time
(b) capture time
(c) lock out time
4. The filter bandwidth of PLL is reduced one of the following effects.

(a) Slow down the capture process (b) increases the pull time
(c) Increases the capture range (d) decreases the interjection-injection
capabilities
5. The basic components of 565 IC is
(a) Phase vector
(c) VCO
(b) amplifier
6. The maximum operated range of PLL 565 is

(a) 0 to 500 kHz
(b) 0.001 Hz to 500 kHz

Page 26 of 35
(c) 100 to 400 kHz
(d) 10 Hz to 400 kHz
7. Lock in range of PLL 565 is

(a) f L = 7.8f 0 /V
(b) f L = 7.8f 0 /V
(c) f L = 7.8 f 0 /V
(d) f L = 7.8V/f 0
8. Frequency multiplier using PLL has VCO output frequency f 0 is given by

(a) Nfs
(c) f s
(b) f s /N
(d) 1/Nfs
9. The frequency shift in frequency translator at the output of the VCO in PLL
(a) f 0 = f s f L
(b) f 0 + f s = f L
(c) f 0 = f s + f 1
(d) f 0 = f s f 1
10.The main advantage of PLL as a detector with other Am detector is

(a) high degree of selectivity and noise immunity
(b) low noise immunity with high degree of selectivity
(c) high degree of selectivity only
(d) noise immunity only
11.The important characteristics of PLL are
(a) lock in range
(c) pull in time
(b) capture range

Page 27 of 35
12._______ filter controls the capture range and lock range of PLL.
(a) LPF
(c) BPF
(b) HPF
(d) None of the above
13.The other name for phase detector is

(a) Comparator
(b) multiplier
(c) Adder
14.The application of PLL are

(a) Frequency multiplier
(b) AM, FM demodulator
(c) Frequency demodulator
15.The operating voltage of range of IC 565 is

(a) 6 V to 12 V
(c) 8 to 12 V
(b) 10 to 12 V
(d) 12 V
16.An external capacitor connected across 565 will act as

(a) Passive device
(b) low pass filter

Page 28 of 35
(c) Charging device
(d) discharging device
17.Let to free running frequency, V C voltage shift from VCO, the new
frequency shift from VCO in a PLL is
(b) f 0 K V V C
(a) f 0 + K V V C
(d) f 0
(c) KV C
18.The voltage V C required to derive VCO is

(a) V e T(f) A
(b) V e /T(f) A
(d) T(f)/V e A
(c) AVe/T(f)
19.The capture range is _______ located with respect to vco free runing
frequency f 0 in pll
(a) asymmetrical
(b) symmetrical
(c) opposite
20.The output waveform of pll 566 is

(a) square and triangular
(b) square and sine wave
Page 29 of 35
(c) triangular and sine wave
21.The number of pins in IC-566

(a) 10
(b) 16
(c) 12
(d) 8
22.The output frequency of VCO can be changed by

(a) R T
(b) C T
(c) V C
Page 30 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. De- emphasis circuit is used :

(a) After modulation
(b) Before Modulation
(c)Before detection
(d) after detection
2. Pre- emphasis circuit is used:

(a) After modulation
(b) Before modulation
(c)Before detection
(d) After detection
3. For a Gaussian process, autocorrelation also implies:

(a) Statistical dependence
(b) statistical independence
(b) Ergodic process
(d) stationary dependence
4. A pre- emphasis circuit provides extra noise immunity by

(a) Boosting the bass frequency
(b) Amplifying the higher audio frequencies
(c) Pre amplifying the whole audio bound
(d) Converting the phase modulation to FM
Page 31 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. Two events A and B are said to be mutually exclusive if:
(a) If occurrence of A is dependent on B
(b) If occurrence of B is independent of A
(c) Occurrence A and B are independent of each other
(d) None of these
Page 32 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. Probability density function of thermal noise is
(a) Binomial
(b) Gaussian
(c)Poisson
(d) None of these
Page 33 of 35
Quadrant 4
1. Why Morse code isnt well suited to today's telegraphic equipment?
(a) It uses an automatic request for repetition.
(b) It has excessive redundancy built into the code.
(c) The parity bit is difficult to detect
(d) Differing between various widths of the pulses is an extremely complicated
process.
2. Which is not a type of pulse modulation?
(a) Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)
(c) Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM)
( b) Pulse-width modulation (PWM)

(d) Pulse-position modulation (PPM)
3. If the number of bits per sample in a Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) system is
increased from 5 bits to 6 bits, the improvement in signal to quantization noise
ratio will be
(a) 3 dB
(b) 6 dB
(c) 2pi dB
(d) 0 dB
4. PPM and PWM are superior to PAM systems in

(a) Noise characteristics
(b) Bandwidth characteristics
(c)Simplicity in design
(d) Frequency response of the intelligence signal
Page 34 of 35
5. Half-duplex operation involves communication

(a) In one direction only
(b) In both directions, but only one can talk at a time
(c)Where both parties can talk at the same time
(d)All the above
6. The AT&T T1 lines

(a) Use 16-bit PCM code and include 24 voice channels
(b)Use delta modulation and include 48 voice channels
(c)Use 8-bit PCM code and include 24 voice channels
(d)Use delta modulation and include 24 voice channels
Page 35 of 35

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Quadrant 4

Multiple choice questions (choose the correct answer)

(b) Inductance device

(c) Capacitance device

(d) none of the above

2. The Channel Capacity is exactly equal to:

(b) Amount of information per second

(c) Noise rate in the channel

(d) none of these

3. To eliminate ghosts in the picture:

(b) Connect a booster

(c) Change the antenna orientation or location

(d) Twist the

4. Broadband long distance communication was originally made possible by the

(b) H.F. radio systems

(d) Telegraph cable

5. In T.V. system, indicate the true statement:

(b) Picture is FM, sound is AM

(c)Picture is AM; sound is AM

(d) both are frequency

6. Channel capacity is basically a measure of:

(b) Maximum rate of information

(c)Amount of information a channel can take (d) None of these

7. In communication systems, sampling technique leads to:

(b) Better efficiency

(c)Higher speed of communication

(d) Simpler operation

8. Redundancy in communication system

(b) Helps to detect error

(c)Helps to correct error

(d) all of these

9. Entropy is basically a measure of

(b) Average information

(d) Disorder of information

10.Reliable ship-to-ship communication may be secured with little fading by use

(b) Space diversity reception

1. When a receiver has a good blocking performance, it means that:

(a)Its detector is not functioning properly

2. Refraction of radio waves in the atmosphere results due to:

(a) Changes in dielectric constant

(b) Changes in density of air

(c) Changes in dielectric constant and refractive index

3. Which of the following is a false statement in connection with

The number of repeaters along a coaxial cable link depends on:

(a) Number of coaxial cables in the tube

(b) The bandwidth of the

(d) none of these

Fading can be avoided or improved by

(b) Providing AVC in a

(d) all are possible

Sky wave propagation is used for

(b) Short Distance Transmission

(c)Medium distance transmission

(d) Long Distance Transmission

7. Noise can be measured by:

In a communication system, noise is most likely to affect the signal

(b)In the channel

(c)In the destination

(d)At the destination

(b)Only generates signals

(c)Only absorbs signals

(d) Receives, modulates and then

(c)Transit time noise

(d)All of the above