Conversion Project

A
Project Report On
CONVERSION OF HUMAN ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL
ENERGY BY USING MANUAL TREADMILL
By
PATEL RAVI S.
149710319071
LAKUM TARUN B.
149710319026
GOSWAMI JAY J.
149710319020
DANTANI AJAY V.
149710319013
PANCHAL RINKESH D.
149710319032
Submitted to
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQURIMENTS FOR

DIPLOMA ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SHREE V& K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

KADI- KALYANPURA ROAD. NANI KADI,
SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT FOLLOWING STUDENTS OF THE
DIPLOMA ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SEMESTER V HAS COMPLETED THEIR
UDP PROJECT WORK ENTITLED RF BASED DIRECTION AND SPEED CONTROL
OF DC MOTOR AT SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE . NANI KADI TOWARDS
THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF
THE
DEGREE
OF
DIPLOMA OF
ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING.
STUDENT NAME :
JAL R. PATEL
DATE:
INSTITUTE GUIDE
DATE:
HEAD OF DEPATRMENT
DATE:
PRINCIPLE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is great pleasure to thank the many people who had made this project work possible it is
difficult to overstate my gratitude to my research supervisor Mr. PARTH NAYAK in shree
v & k patel institute of engineering kadi for better cooperation. He provided me this
opportunity to work under his inspiration with his enthusiasm and great efforts to
explain things clearly and simply he has also provided encouragement, sound device, good
company and lots of good ideas and his teaching experience.
I would like to express my deeply thanks to PROF. ALPESH PATEL HOD of mechanical
department for giving me co-operatioon for drawing,graphing and typing the thesis
and also contributing new ideas for framing this project.
We also express our thanks to Mr J.S.UPADHYAY managing director and principle of

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING.
Last but not the least, we would like to thanks GOD almighty,our parents,our family
mambers,friends and to each and every person who has directly or indirectly for their support
and excellent co-operation to build our moral during the work.
PATEL RAVI S.
LAKUM TARUN B.
GOSWAMI JAY J.
DANTANI AJAY V.
PANCHAL RINKESH D.
149710319071
149710319026
149710319020
149710319013
149710319032
Abstract
The treadmill, one of the most popular exercise machines, presently consumes large
amounts of energy while dissipating a majority as heat. The purpose of this thesis project is to
design and develop a human powered treadmill generator and determine its power generation
potential. The developed treadmill is based on a manual flatbed treadmill using an
electromagnetic dynamo generator coupled to a front axle flywheel. A heavy duty
rechargeable battery pack was used to store the generated energy and additional components
to measure the generated power are included.
Possible applications for this concept include energy saving equipment in a gym, lowcost, simple to operate, and low maintenance solutions for developing nations, and as a tool
to educate energy conservation. Also, the need for exercise in space with low gravity makes
the treadmill generator a possible source for secondary power in future extra-terrestrial
environments.
Index
Chapter
Chapter Name
No.
No.
1.
INTRODUCTION
7 to 12
2.
COMPONENTS
13 to 19
3.
ASSEMBLING
20 to 23
4.
POWER SOURCE AND

CALCULATION
24 to 25
5.
WORKING
26
6.
COST ESTIMATING
27
7.
CONCLUSION
28
Page
List of Figure
Figure
Figure Name
Page No.
1.
Electricity Generation by Nuclear power
2.
Electricity Generation by Thermal power station
3.
Electricity Generation by wind power
4.
Electricity Generation by Hydro power station
10
5.
Base Frame
13
6.
Linear shaft roller
14
7.
Bering
15
8.
Walking belt
16
9.
Flywheel
16
10.
Transmission belt
17
11.
Dynamo generator
17
12.
Battery
19
13.
Support handle
19
14.
base assembly
20
15.
Lineshaft roller ,base frame & walking belt assembly
20
16.
Lineshaft roller & bearing assembly
21
17.
walking belt & roller assembly
21
18.
Lineshaft roller & flywheel assembly
21
19.
flywheel, Transmission belt& dynamo generator assembly
22
20.
dynamo generator & battery assembly
22
21.
support handle & base frame assembly
23
22.
Measuring Instruments
23
23.
working treadmill
26
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.1 INTRODUCTION OF ELECTRYCITY GENERATION

Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from other
sources of primary energy. The fundamental principles of electricity generation were
discovered during the 1820s and early 1830s by the British scientist Michael Faraday. His
basic method is still used today: electricity is generated by the movement of a loop of wire,
or disc of copper between the poles of a magnet. For electric utilities, it is the first process in
the delivery of electricity to consumers.
The other processes, electricity transmission, distribution, and electrical power storage and
recovery using pumped-storage methods are normally carried out by the electric power
industry.
Electricity
is
most
often
generated
at
a power
station by
electromechanical generators,
primarily
driven
by heat
engines fuelled
by
chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of
flowing water and wind. Other energy sources include solar photovoltaic and geothermal
power and electrochemical batteries.
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from other sources
of primary energy. The fundamental principles of electricity generation were discovered
during the 1820s and early 1830s by the British scientist Michael Faraday. His basic method
is still used today: electricity is generated by the movement of a loop of wire, or disc of
copper between the poles of a magnet. The developed treadmill is based on a manual flatbed
treadmill using an electromagnetic dynamo generator coupled to a front axle flywheel. A
heavy duty rechargeable battery pack was used to store the generated energy and additional
components to measure the generated power are included. The rotating flywheel is attached
with dynamo generator with the help of Transmission belt. So the shaft of the dynamo starts
rotated and that it starts to generate electricity. This electricity is then saved in battery with
the help of required electrical components.
1.2 MANY DIFFERENT ENERGY RESOURCES CAN BE USED TO

MAKE ELECTRICITY
Energy resources can be divided into two categories: Non-renewable and Renewable.
1.2.1 NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

A non-renewable resource is a resource that can be used up. Fossil fuels, which
include coal, oil, and natural gas, are non-renewable because it took millions of years for
them to form. Once we use up our fossil fuels, they will be gone for good. Many power plants
use fossil fuels. The fossil fuel is burned to produce heat, which is used to make steam. The
steam is then used to turn the blades of a turbine. Some power plants run on nuclear power,
which is another non-renewable resource. Nuclear power plants rely on uranium, a type of
metal that is mined from the ground and specially processed. Heat released from splitting
uranium atoms is used to convert water into steam that turns turbines.
1.2.2 RENEWABLE RESOURCES

A renewable resource is fairly easy to replace. Renewable energy resources include wood,
wind, sunshine, geothermal energy, biomass, and water stored behind dams in lakes and
reservoirs. Electricity can be produced using several kinds of renewable resources. Wind
energy can produce electricity in regions where steady winds blow. Giant wind turbines
capture the winds energy and use it to power generators. Biomass is material that is formed
from living organisms, such as wood or agricultural wastes.
Biomass can be burned to produce electricity, or be converted to a gas and used for
fuel. Geothermal energy uses hot water or steam from deep beneath the earths surface to
produce electricity. Hydroelectric power plants use the energy of falling water to spin
generator turbines. Solar energy can also be used to produce electricity. Solar cells change
the radiant energy of the sun into electrical energy. Some calculators and portable radios are
powered by solar cells. Solar panels, or modules, placed on a rooftop can supply electricity to
the building below.
1.3 NUCLEAR POWER STATION
Fig.1.1 Electricity Generation by Nuclear power

Nuclear power is universally controversial. Many would say that it is also
universally needed as an alternative or supplement to power generated by fossil fuels. The
combustion of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, now notorious for the threat of global
warming. Nuclear power plants produce neither carbon dioxide nor oxides of sulphur and
nitrogen, as does the burning of fossil fuels. Thus nuclear power reduces the global
production of carbon dioxide and other pollutants, and helps to alleviate many of the
pervasive problems of fossil fuel supply.
Petroleum is least available in regions of widest use; natural gas is, for the time being,
plentiful and sought after by all; and widely abundant coal has come to be regarded as the
great Satan of air pollution.
Water power is important, but it offers limited possibility for growth. Solar energy,
while promising, is far from being a mainstay of the worlds energy supply. Thus sources
other than fossil fuels and nuclear power offer little hope to become major suppliers during
our lifetimes. Nuclear power, in stasis for many years, may make a comeback. Engineers
have been quietly working on new and safer designs for nuclear power plants, and the
political climate may be swinging slowly back in favour of nuclear power. According to
references 31 and 34, there were 434 operating nuclear plants producing 17% (350,000
megawatts) of the worlds electricity in 1998. Regardless of one is position towards it,
nuclear power is a major factor in world power production
1.4 THERMAL POWER STATION
Fig.1.2 Electricity Generation by Thermal power station

A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime
mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which
drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a
condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankin cycle.
The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the
different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the
term energy centre because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.
Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial
purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical
power. Globally, fossil-fuel power stations produce a large part of man-made CO 2 emissions
to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
10
1.5 WIND POWER
Fig.1.3 Electricity Generation by wind power

Wind power is extracted from air flow using wind turbines or sails to produce
mechanical or electrical power. Windmills are used for their mechanical power, wind
pumps for water pumping, and sails to propel ships. Wind power as an alternative to fossil
fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse
gas emissions during operation, and uses little land. The net effects on the environment are
far less problematic than those of non-renewable power sources.
Wind farms consist of many individual wind turbines which are connected to
the electric power transmission network. Onshore wind is an inexpensive source of
electricity, competitive with or in many places cheaper than coal or gas plants. Offshore wind
is steadier and stronger than on land, and offshore farms have less visual impact, but
construction and maintenance costs are considerably higher. Small onshore wind farms can
feed some energy into the grid or provide electricity to isolated off-grid locations. Wind
power is very consistent from year to year but has significant variation over shorter time
scales. It is therefore used in conjunction with other electric power sources to give a reliable
supply. As the proportion of wind power in a region increases, a need to upgrade the grid, and
a lowered ability to supplant conventional production can occur.
Power management techniques such as having excess capacity, geographically distributed
turbines, dispatch able backing sources, sufficient hydroelectric, exporting and importing
power to neighbouring areas, using vehicle strategies or reducing demand when wind
production is low, can in many cases overcome these problems. In addition, weather
forecasting permits the electricity network to be readied for the predictable variations in
production that occur.
11
As of 2014, Denmark has been generating around 40% of its electricity from
wind, and at least 83 other countries around the world are using wind power to supply their
electricity grids. Wind power capacity has expanded to 369,553 MW by December 2014, and
total wind energy production is growing rapidly and has reached around 4% of worldwide
electricity usage.
1.6HYDRO POWER STATION
Fig.1.4 Electricity Generation by Hydro power station

Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the
production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing
water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of
global electricity generation 3,427 terawatt-hours of electricity production in 2010, and is
expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.
Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region
generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010.China is the largest hydroelectricity
producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of
domestic electricity use.
The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of
renewable electricity. The average cost of electricity from a hydro station larger than
10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour. It is also a flexible source of electricity
since the amount produced by the station can be changed up or down very quickly to adapt to
12
changing energy demands. However, damming interrupts the flow of rivers and can harm
local ecosystems, and building large dams and reservoirs often involves displacing people
and wildlife. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct
waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2)
than fossil fuel powered energy plants.
1.7The Energy Challenge

The worlds energy consumption is at an all-time high with the demand continuously
increasing. This situation brings up several challenges that need to be addressed
Depletion due to finite availability of non-renewable energy sources, e.g. fossil fuels.
Environmental pollution, e.g. with coal use in power plants.
Increasing population, especially in developing countries. which lack resources for
clean energy
Global warming with the related climate changes and adverse implications
Powering new technological applications, e.g. ultraportable electronics, Wireless
sensor nodes, etc.
These challenges have been reason for much controversy in the developed world;
however, recent investigations have also shown a much more basic challenge of availability
in the less developed parts of the world.
1.8A Brief History of Human Power Generation

Human power has been instrumental in helping solve problems since ancient
times. For example, all tools have historically been human powered. It is believed that the
first human Powered device to generate rotary motion was the potters wheel, around 3,500
B.C.E. Later, devices such as Archimedes screw allowed efficient transfer of water from one
level to another. The Chinese, after 200 C.E., were found to use hand cranks to aid in textile
Manufacturing, metallurgy and agriculture.
After the mid-15th century, the technique of Incorporating flywheels to produce
smooth motion proliferated, allowing devices such as the
Spinning wheel to gain popularity in Europe. Cranks and pedal power became one of the
most efficient means of coupling human power to applications. In the 19th century, the
bicycles use of pedals allowed an efficient means of self-transportation. In parallel with the
invention of the electric dynamo in the 19th century,
13
It is speculated that pedal power was used to generate Electric power as early as then.
10 However, with the burgeoning of the industrial revolution in the 19th century and forward,
human society found other ways of powering their engineered applications. Particularly, the
availability of cheap and plentiful electricity, powerful motors and disposable batteries can be
attributed to the decrease in popularity of using human strength. Also, the ethical implications
of having humans produce energy as punishment, as seen in some prison mills, further
diminished the popularity of human sourced power. It would take until the latter half of the
20th century for science to seriously reinvestigate this resource.
14
Chapter 2
COMPONENTS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Following are the important components of the treadmills;

Base Frame
Linear shaft roller
Bering
Walking belt
Flywheel
Transmission belt
Dynamo generator
Battery
Support handle
2.1 Base Frame

Base frame is the main supporting component of the treadmill. It houses Linear shaft roller,
bearing, and flywheel. It is also used to place support handle. It is mainly made of mild steel
or aluminium material.
Fig.2.1 Base Frame
15
2.2 Linear shaft roller

Lineshaft roller conveyors (also called Line-shaft conveyors) are, as their title
suggests, powered by a shaft beneath the rollers. These conveyors are suitable for light
applications up to 20 kg such as cardboard boxes and tote boxes.
A single shaft runs below the rollers running the length of the conveyor. On the
shaft are a series of spools, one spool for each roller. An elastic polyurethane O-ring belt runs
from a spool on the powered shaft to each roller. When the shaft is powered, the O-ring belt
acts as a chain between the spool and the roller making the roller rotate. The rotation of the
rollers pushes the product along the conveyor. The shaft is usually driven by an electrical
motor that is generally controlled by an electronic PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).
The PLC electronically controls how specific sections of the conveyor system interact with
the products being conveyed.
Fig.2.2 Lineshaft roller
2.3Bearing
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired
motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. The design of the bearing may, for
example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a
fixed axis; or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear
on the moving parts. Many bearings also facilitate the desired motion as much as possible,
such as by minimizing friction. Bearings are classified broadly according to the type of
operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts.
The term bearing is derived from the verb to bear a bearing being a machine element
that allows one part to bear (i.e., to support) another. The simplest bearings are bearing
surfaces, cut or formed into a part, with varying degrees of control over the form,
16
size, roughness and location of the surface. Other bearings are separate devices installed into
a machine or machine part. The most sophisticated bearings for the most demanding
applications are very precise devices; their manufacture requires some of the highest
standards of current technology.
Fig.2.3 Bering
There are at least 6 common types of bearing, each of which operates on different principles:
Plain bearing, also known by the specific styles: bushing, journal bearing, sleeve bearing,
rifle bearing
Rolling-element bearing such as ball bearings and roller bearings
Jewel bearing, in which the load is carried by rolling the axle slightly off-centre
Fluid bearing, in which the load is carried by a gas or liquid
Magnetic bearing, in which the load is carried by a magnetic field
Common motions permitted by bearings are:
axial rotation e.g. shaft rotation
linear motion e.g. drawer
2.4Walking belt
17
A walking belt is the carrying medium of a belt walking r system (often

shortened to belt walking). A belt conveyor system is one of many types of walking systems.
A belt walking system consists of two or more pulleys (sometimes referred to as drums), with
an endless loop of carrying mediumthe walking beltthat rotates about them. One or both
of the pulleys are powered, moving the belt and the material on the belt forward. The
powered pulley is called the drive pulley while the unpowered pulley is called the idler
pulley. There are two main industrial classes of belt conveyors; Those in general material
handling such as those moving boxes along inside a factory and bulk material handling such
as those used to transport large volumes of resources and agricultural materials, such
as grain, salt, coal, ore, sand, overburden and more.
Fig.2.4 Walking belt
2.5Flywheel
Fig.2.5 Flywheel
A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that is used to store rotational energy.
Flywheels have an inertia called the moment of inertia and thus resist changes in rotational
18
speed. The amount of energy stored in a flywheel is proportional to the square of its rotational
speed. Energy is transferred to a flywheel by the application of a torque to it, thereby
increasing its rotational speed, and hence its stored energy. Conversely, a flywheel releases
stored energy by applying torque to a mechanical load, thereby decreasing the flywheel's
rotational speed.
Common uses of a flywheel include:
Providing continuous energy when the energy source is discontinuous. For example,
flywheels are used in reciprocating engines because the energy source, torque from the
engine, is intermittent.
Delivering energy at rates beyond the ability of a continuous energy source. This is
achieved by collecting energy in the flywheel over time and then releasing the energy
quickly, at rates that exceed the abilities of the energy source.
Controlling the orientation of a mechanical system. In such applications, theangular
momentum of a flywheel is purposely transferred as a torque to the attaching mechanical
system when energy is transferred to or from the flywheel, thereby causing the attaching
system to rotate into some desired position.
2.6 Transmission belt

A belt is a loop of flexible material used to mechanically link two or more
rotating shafts, most often parallel. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to transmit
power efficiently, or to track relative movement. Belts are looped over pulleys and may have
a twist between the pulleys, and the shafts need not be parallel. In a two pulley system, the
belt can either drive the pulleys normally in one direction (the same if on parallel shafts), or
the belt may be crossed, so that the direction of the driven shaft is reversed (the opposite
direction to the driver if on parallel shafts). As a source of motion, a conveyor belt is one
application where the belt is adapted to continuously carry a load between two points.
Fig.2.6 Transmission belt
19
2.7Dynamo generator
Fig.2.7 Dynamo generator

A dynamo is an electrical generator that produces direct current with the use of
a commentator. Dynamos were the first electrical generators capable of delivering power for
industry, and the foundation upon which many other later electric-power conversion devices
were based, including the electric motor, the alternating-current alternator, and the rotary
converter.
Today, the simpler alternator dominates large scale power generation, for efficiency,
reliability and cost reasons. A dynamo has the disadvantages of a mechanical commentator.
Also, converting alternating to direct current using power rectification devices (vacuum tube
or more recently solid state) is effective and usually economical.
The operating principle of electromagnetic generators was discovered in the years of 1831
1832 by Michael Faraday. The principle, later called Faraday's law, is that an electromotive
force is generated in an electrical conductor which encircles a varying magnetic flux.
2.7.1 Description
The electric dynamo uses rotating coils of wire and magnetic fields to convert mechanical
rotation into a pulsing direct electric current through Faraday's law of induction. A dynamo
machine consists of a stationary structure, called the stator, which provides a
constant magnetic field, and a set of rotating windings called the armature which turn within
that field. The motion of the wire within the magnetic field causes the field to push on the
electrons in the metal, creating an electric current in the wire. On small machines the constant
magnetic field may be provided by one or more permanent magnets; larger machines have the
20
constant magnetic field provided by one or more electromagnets, which are usually
called field coils.
2.8Battery
An electric battery is a device consisting of two or more electrochemical cells that convert
stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Each cell has a positive terminal, or cathode,
and a negative terminal, or anode. The terminal marked positive is at a higher electrical
potential energy than is the terminal marked negative. The terminal marked positive is the
source of electrons that when connected to an external circuit will flow and deliver energy to
an external device.
When a battery is connected to an external circuit, Electrolytes are able to move as
ions within, allowing the chemical reactions to be completed at the separate terminals and so
deliver energy to the external circuit. It is the movement of those ions within the battery
which allows current to flow out of the battery to perform work although the term battery
technically means a device with multiple cells, single cells are also popularly called batteries.
2.8.1 Categories and types of batteries

Batteries are classified into primary and secondary forms.
Primary batteries irreversibly transform chemical energy to electrical energy. When the
supply of reactants is exhausted, energy cannot be readily restored to the battery
Secondary batteries can be recharged; that is, they can have their chemical reactions reversed
by supplying electrical energy to the cell, approximately restoring their original composition.
Some types of primary batteries used, for example, for telegraph circuits, were restored to
operation by replacing the electrodes. Secondary batteries are not indefinitely rechargeable
due to dissipation of the active materials, loss of electrolyte and internal corrosion.
FIG.2.8 BATTERY.
2.9 Support handle
21
Support handle is the main supporting component of the treadmill. It houses base frame
support it is also used to place support handle. It is mainly made of mild steel or aluminium
material.
Fig.2.9 Support handle
Chapter 3
ASSEMBLING
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
22
Assembly of treadmill is done by joining parts which are discussed above.

Base Frame:
Base Frame can be made of Mild Steel or Aluminium.
Fig.3.1 base assembly

Lineshaft Roller: Base Frame houses Lineshaft roller, which creates the base for
walking belt
Fig.3.2Lineshaft roller, base frame & walking belt assembly
.
Bearing: Lineshaft rollers are having Bearing at both the ends so we can have
smooth operation.
23
Fig.3.3Lineshaft roller & bearing assembly

Walking Belt: Walking Belt is placed on the rollers. It provides the walking
surface for the walker or runner.
Fig.3.4 walking belt & roller assembly

Flywheel: Front Lineshaft Roller is attached with flywheel on both or one end and
it helps in continuous motion of the walking belt.
Fig.3.5 Lineshaft roller & flywheel assembly

Transmission belt:
24
Transmission belt is used for transmitting motion of flywheel to the shaft of

dynamo generator. So, when flywheel rotates it rotates dynamo generator in turn
Fig.3.6 flywheel,Transmission belt&dynamo generator assembly

Battery: Battery is attached with dynamo generator by electrical components
required for charging of the battery.
Fig.3.7 dynamo generator & battery assembly
Support Handle: Support handle is attached to above assembly to support the

walker or runner on the treadmill.
25
Fig.3.8 support handle & base frame assembly
Measuring Instruments: Measuring Instruments are also attached to measure

current, voltage, power generated, rpm, distance walked etc.
Fig.3.9Measuring Instruments
Chapter 4
26
POWER SOURCE AND CALCULATION

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This chapter deals with the power source of the working component and how the each
component and assembly of component works is explained below with flow chart.
Solar energy
Chemical energy
Biological energy
Mechanical energy
Electrical energy
CALCULATION
1. Base Frame
27
1.
Length
1100 mm
2.
Width
575 mm
3.
Material
2.
M.S
Line Shaft Roller
Bearing
1.
2.
3.
Outer Diameter of Bearing

Internal Diameter
Material
35 mm
15 mm
M.S
Shaft
1.
2.
3.
Diameter
Length
Material
15 mm
590 mm
M.S
Roller
1.
2.
3.
4.
Outer Diameter
Internal Diameter
Length
Material
3.
Pradition Bearing
1.
Internal Diameter
2.
Material
4.
Fly Wheel
42 mm
35 mm
470 mm
M.S
20 mm
C.I & M.S
1.
Outer Diameter
225 mm
2.
Internal Diameter
20 mm
Material
28
C.I
5. Transmission Belt
1.
Length
2.
Material
6. Walking Belt
1.
2.
Length
Width
1900 mm
300 mm
7. Supported Handle
1.
2.
3.
Length
Height
Material
510 mm
940 mm
M.S
Chapter 5
WORKING
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As any person start walking or running on the treadmill, walking belt is set in motion.
Then walking belt rotated Lineshaft roller. The shaft of the roller is attached with flywheel so
29
flywheel starts to rotate. The rotating flywheel is attached with dynamo generator with the
help of Transmission belt. So the shaft of the dynamo starts rotated and that it starts to
generate electricity. This electricity is then saved in battery with the help of required electrical
components.
Fig.5.1working treadmill
Chapter 6
COST ESTIMATING
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SR.
NO.
PARTS NAME
NO. OF PARTS
30
PRICE /PRODUCT
Bering
16
480
Pradition Bearing
450
Walking belt
520
Flywheel
200
Dynamo
800
Battery
500
Transmission belt
50
Lineshaft roller
1000
ESTIMATED COST
4000
Chapter 7
CONCLUSION
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In conclusion, a treadmill based human power generator was developed using an

electromagnetic dynamo generator coupled to a manual treadmills flywheel. Furthermore,
analyses were done on the possible applications for the treadmill generation concept. In the
gym environment, it was found that a human power treadmill generator could help reduce
31
energy consumption significantly. In isolated areas such as rural countryside or developing

countries, the treadmill generator can provide for a low-cost, quick to implement, simple to
operate, and low maintenance solution. In any application,
the treadmill can be used as an educational tool to give people a physical
perspective on quantities in energy, helping realize the importance of energy conservation. In
space, the treadmill generator is not as feasible as current establishments such as the
International Space Station do not face a scarcity of energy and the process would entail high
costs of implementation. However, the need for exercise to inhibit bone and muscle atrophy
in 66 low gravity makes the treadmill generator a possible concept for future extra-terrestrial
environments as a secondary source of power.
In this day where the world is challenged to be more responsible in its
sourcing of electrical power, the method of human power generation could be a solution that
also helps mitigate the issue of obesity and overweight. If additional design and study of this
concept proves it effective in energy use reduction, localized energy delivery and
sustainability education, it could efficiently answer the two greingiat challenges.
References
http://woodgears.ca/reader/walters/conv_upright_test
32
http://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/132115/Harsh%20Mankodi
%20cum%20laude%20CSE%20sp12.pdf?sequence=1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treadmill
http://www.appropedia.org/Treadmill-a-volt_treadmill_powered_charging
http://www.motherearthnews.com/renewable-energy/other-renewables/humanpowered-machine-zl0z1211zrob.aspx
https://www.youtube.com/results?
search_query=electricity+enegy+pruduced+by+treadmill
33

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A

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQURIMENTS FOR

SHREE V& K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

We also express our thanks to Mr J.S.UPADHYAY managing director and principle of

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

POWER SOURCE AND

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

Electricity Generation by Nuclear power

Electricity Generation by Thermal power station

Electricity Generation by wind power

Electricity Generation by Hydro power station

Linear shaft roller

Lineshaft roller ,base frame & walking belt assembly

Lineshaft roller & bearing assembly

walking belt & roller assembly

Lineshaft roller & flywheel assembly

flywheel, Transmission belt& dynamo generator assembly

dynamo generator & battery assembly

support handle & base frame assembly

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.1 INTRODUCTION OF ELECTRYCITY GENERATION

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.2 MANY DIFFERENT ENERGY RESOURCES CAN BE USED TO

1.2.1 NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

1.2.2 RENEWABLE RESOURCES

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.3 NUCLEAR POWER STATION

Fig.1.1 Electricity Generation by Nuclear power

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.4 THERMAL POWER STATION

Fig.1.2 Electricity Generation by Thermal power station

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.5 WIND POWER

Fig.1.3 Electricity Generation by wind power

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

1.6HYDRO POWER STATION

Fig.1.4 Electricity Generation by Hydro power station

1.7The Energy Challenge

1.8A Brief History of Human Power Generation

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

Following are the important components of the treadmills;

2.1 Base Frame

Fig.2.1 Base Frame

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

2.2 Linear shaft roller

Fig.2.2 Lineshaft roller

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

A walking belt is the carrying medium of a belt walking r system (often

Fig.2.4 Walking belt

2.6 Transmission belt

Fig.2.6 Transmission belt

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

Fig.2.7 Dynamo generator

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

2.8.1 Categories and types of batteries

2.9 Support handle

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

Fig.2.9 Support handle

SHREE V & K PATEL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

Assembly of treadmill is done by joining parts which are discussed above.

Fig.3.1 base assembly