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Synopsis

ELECTRONIC VOTING
MACHINE (EVM)
A DIGITAL APPROACH

Introduction
India is the largest democracy of the world. Peoples active
participation in the formation of the government is an important
aspect of a democratic government. This is ensured by elections.
Conducting free and fair elections in a populous country like India is
an uphill task. Its a challenge to conduct elections for selection of
candidates to represent the people of the country at different levels.
Even more important is the timely declaration of results. This is
necessary to bring stability in the governance and steady economic
growth of the nation.

Till now we are using the paper and ballot system for conducting. The
loop holes in this traditional system are gradually widening .Its more
susceptible to booth capturing and result manipulation. Even more
tedious is the task of counting the votes and declaring the results.
An EVM is an answer to all these problems. Its a technological
masterpiece. Many countries world over have shown their interest in
learning the mechanism behind this simple yet powerful machine. Its
got a very simple interface, its tamperproof, prevents bogus voting
and it has helped in getting rid of the time consuming task of
counting.

Working
The Project Electronic Voting System is an interesting project which
uses ATMEGA8 microcontroller as its brain. The project is designed
for four contestants. Voters can poll their vote to any one of the
contestant. The ATMEGA8 microcontroller contains I/O ports of each
digital pin. In this project four pins are dedicated for micro switches
for four contestants, master switch for polling officer or can say for
voter authentication. A simple yet powerful program is written in
embedded C language and burned into the microcontroller to accept
votes and to count total votes polled. Polling officer switch (master) is
provided to avoid multiple polling of single voter. Every voter should
get approval from the polling officer. If the polling officer issues
approval with his control switch, then only a voter can poll his vote.
This issuance of approval is indicated by a long buzzer beep. Vote
counts are stored in EEPROM and display the total number of votes
polled and individual contestant-vise votes polled. A buzzer is
provided for audio effect of switch bounce. Whenever a switch is
bounced, the system acknowledges the bounce by a short beep sound.
This buzzer is driven by an ULN2003 IC. Multiple polling by a single
voter is not possible.
This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three
terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type
full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of
230/12V step down transformer.

Circuit/Block Diagram

Powersupply

Diver

Microcontroller
Relay_1

LCD(16x2)

Siren

Software Requirement
Cross Compiler : AVR Studio 6.0
Atmel Studio 6 is the integrated development platform (IDP) for
developing and debugging Atmel ARM Cortex-M and Atmel AVR
microcontroller (MCU) based applications. The Atmel Studio 6 IDP
gives you a seamless and easy-to-use environment to write, build and
debug your applications written in C/C++ or assembly code.

AVR Studio is an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that


helps write, compile, and debug embedded programs. It encapsulates
the following components:
A project manager
A make facility

Tool configuration
Text editor
A powerful debugger

Programming Language : Embedded C


Looking around, we find ourselves to be surrounded by various types
of embedded system. Be it a digital camera or a mobile phone or a
washing machine, all of them has some kind of processor functioning
inside it. Associated with each processor is the embedded software. If
hardware forms the body of an embedded system, embedded
processor acts as the brain, and embedded software forms its soul. It
is the embedded software which primarily governs the functioning of
embedded systems.

Application

This could be used for voting purpose at any required place.


It is used in general elections for choosing candidates to represent
people at various stages.
It can be used in school, college student union elections.
It can be used to find the general opinion of people on various
issues.
Anywhere where majority opinion is to be found out.

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