Calculation Exercise MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

(CHAPTER 2) BUILDING PHYSIC

QUESTION A
You are to install a cavity wall comprises of 105mm outer brick, 50mm cavity, 100mm inner aerated
lightweight concrete block and 15mm plaster? Calculate the U-value of the wall. Thermal conductivity
and thermal resistance values are given in THE TABLE below.
THE TABLE:
Material Components

Thickness

Thermal conductivity

(mm)

(W/m0C)

External resistance of surface

0.06

Brick

105

Cavity

50

Aerated lightweight concrete

100

0.18

Plaster

15

0.53

0.94
0.18

Internal resistance of surface

0.12

ANSWER A
R-value
Exter.

U-value

resistance

0.06

surface
Brickwork

0.105/0.94

Cavity

0.11
0.18

Aerated lightweight

0.10/0.18

0.56

Plaster

0.015/0.53

0.03

Inter. resistance surface

0.12
Total

Therefore;
U =
=
=
QUESTION B

Thermal resistance
(m2 0C/W)

1/R
1/1.06
0.94 W/m2 0C

1.06

Kirakan jumlah kadar kenaikan haba (total heat gain) dalam bangunan kecil seperti dalam gambar di
bawah:

Nilai U untuk bangunan kecil ini adalah seperti berikut:

Tingkap

2.3

Pintu

2.0

Dinding bata

0.55

Bumbung Rata Konkrit =

0.75

Lantai Slab Konkrit

0.7

Suhu dalaman bangunan dicatatkan 260C sedangkan di luar adalah 330C. Kapasiti haba dalam isipadu
udara dinilaikan 1300 J/ m3. Sementara pertukaran udara dari pengudaraan bangunan adalah 1.5
pertukaran bagi setiap jam.

ANSWER B
Komponen bangunan

Nilai U

Keluasan

Perbezaan Suhu

Permukaa

Luaran dan

Q (W)
Q=

n (m )

Dalaman
( T)

UAT

Tingkap

2.3

1.44

23.184

Pintu

2.0

1.89

26.46

0.55

49.17

189.30

Dinding

Keluasan seluruh
pmukaan:
4.0 x 3.5 x 2 = 28m2
3.5 x 3.5 x 2 = 24.5m2
Jumlah

= 52.5m2

Ditolak saiz tingkap

dan pintu = 49.17m2
Slab Bumbung
Slab Lantai

0.75

14

73.5

0.7

14

68.6

Jumlah Kenaikan Haba di Permukaan

Kenaikan Haba Dari Pengudaraan;
Isipadu bangunan x pertukaran udara x Factor ventilasi x T
= 49.0 x 1.5 x (1300/3600) x 7
Jumlah Kenaikan Haba;
(Jumlah Kenaikan Haba Permukaan + Kenaikan Haba Pengudaraan)

381.044

185.79

566.834

(CHAPTER 3) VENTILATION
QUESTION C
A contena house with a size of 12m x 6m x 3m is receiving 14 times air change per hour from supply
duct. The air flow blows at 7.0m/sec.
-What is the air capacity entering the contena house from the duct?
-What is the dimension of the square duct.

ANSWER C
Facts given; V(volume)

= 12 x 6 x 3
= 216 m3

N(Air change)

Q (air capacity)

= 14(per/hr)
= nV
=14 x 216 / 3600sec
= 0.84 m3/sec

D (Dimension)
Q

0.84 m3/sec

Velocity

7.0 m/s

AxV

Q/V

0.84/7.0

0.12 m2

The ducting is an equal square size;

Therefore;
A

0.12

0.346

0.346 m x 0.346 m

(CHAPTER 6) WATER SUPPLY

QUESTION D
THE TABLE below which shows the demand storage and numbers of toilet fittings in a building.
Determine the volume of water storage tank for the building.
THE TABLE:
Quantity

Fittings

Storage/unit

Total water (l)

10

Sink

135

1350

10

Basin

90

900

10

WC

180

1800

10

Shower

135

1350

10

Tap

135

1350

10

Bath tub

135

1350

Total demand storage :

8100 liter

ANSWER D:
Answer:
1.

Convert liter to gallons ( 1 liter = 0.22 gallons)

= 8100 liter x 0.22 = 1782 gallons

2.

Suction tank ( with capacity = 1/3 )

= 1782 x 1/3

= 594 gallons

add 15 %:
= ( 594 x 15% ) + 594

Volume of suction tank

3.

= 683 gallons

= 683 gallons

Storage tank ( with capacity = 2/3 )

= 1782 x 2/3

= 1188 gallons

add 15%:
= ( 1188 x 15% ) + 1188 = 1366.2 gallons.

Volume of water storage tank

= 1366.2 gallons