h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

On the Origin of
(Latin) Type Species

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

(Groundbreaking research of Darwinian importance

for the understanding of type and typography, and
for the parametrization of related design processes)
www.lettermodel.org

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses
5

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller
6

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

7/8

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

1 1

1 1

1 c

1 1

1 c

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

1 1

1 b

1 2

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

1 1

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

nnnnnnnn
hominum
hominum

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

0

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

mmmnnnnnnm
hominum
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

mmmnnnnnnm
hominum
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

mmmnnnnnnmm
illum quoq
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

mmmmmmmm
nobilisimo
s
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

14 units

Hypotheses

14 units

12 units

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

2
L

LetterModeller

nnooen n
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

nnnniABnnn
bhpvjDCnnh
dkqxlGBnok
gouytHEnvx
h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

Times New Roman | Bembo Book: identical point size



frank e. bLokLand

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]
frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
nnniif aam EA H E Mph
b ol! cI G F C N Y
d p . te s V L B O
g q , ?v X PK Q
hu : rx Z TR
k z ; y DS T
A

12 units
for m

15 units



8 units
basis n

15 units
for M

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

20

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

nn
nn
a

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

a a

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

22

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

nomibus
nnnnnnnnnn
nomibue
nnnnnnnnnn
nomibue
nnnnnnnnnn
a

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

23

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

omibue
omibue
omibue
omibue

fence posting

fence posting/unit correction 16 n-units

fence posting/unit correction 32 n-units

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

Adobe Jenson fitting

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

24

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

nn
n
nnnnnnnnn
nnnnnnnnnn
nn
a

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

nB
nnnC
nnnD
nn
nnnH
nnnnN
nn
E
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Cadence_units arrangement

1
8
3
8
8
8
3
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
3
8
3
8
3
1
6
1
1
1
1
2

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

1
3
2
3
2
2
6
8
8
6
1
2
8
8
3
2
3
1
3
1
6
1
1
1
1
2

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left from x-axis extreme and right from stem)

(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)

Note: the only area which counts, is within the x-height / the capital spaces are lc + 1

32 n-units / capitals stems and bowls like lower case plus 1 (except for A, K-right, V,V,X,Y)

2
5
2
2
2
6
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
6
2
6
3
5
5
1
1
1
1
2
3

a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
.
,

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

6
2
1
6
1
1
1
6
6
5

1
6
6
6
2

2
5
1
3
1
5
1
1
1
1
2
3
3

(left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)
(left and right from stem)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left from x-axis, right from stem)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from stem)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)
(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

(left and right from x-axis extreme)

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible
before Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in
the fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly
hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and
the earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly
hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the
earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed
the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the earliest
printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine manuscripts of
their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief events

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

The invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the history
of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible before
Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in the
fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed
the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the
earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine
manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

30

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Monotype Bembo: factory spacing

Monotype Bembo: cadence units spacing

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Swift: factory spacing

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Swift: cadence units spacing

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

32

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
OHamburgefonstiv
Documenta: factory spacing

Documenta: cadence units spacing

Documenta: Kernus spacing

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

33

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

34

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

The quick brown fox jumps

over the lazy dog.
ABCDEFGHJIJKLMNOPQR
The quick brown fox jumps
over the lazy dog.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRS
Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

#
#
#
#
#
#
#
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H

Uses 18 units from stem to stem on the n,

resulting in 36 units in total
Uses consequently full cadenses for UC and LC stems
Uses 0 as smallest possible unit
Last update: 10 January 2014
Frank E. Blokland
http://www.lettermodel.org
extreme 0 extreme 0
stem 8 extreme 3
extreme 3 extreme 2
stem 8 extreme 3
stem 8 extreme 2
stem 8 extreme 2
extreme 3 stem 8
stem 8 stem 8

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses
5

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller
6

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

7/8

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

hpH
m
n-square

golden section rectangle

Kernagic

golden section rectangle

Cadence-units

golden section rectangle

Unitization

Grid

m-square

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

40

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

42

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

43

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

ascenders &
descenders
ascenders &
descenders

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

44

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

ascenders &
descenders
ascenders &
descenders

Grid

ascenders &
descenders

ascenders &
descenders

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

n-square

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

n-square

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

0

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

2

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

3

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]

4

frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204

h a r m o n i c s , pat t e r n s a n d dy n a m i c s [ ]



frank e. bLokLand

Hypotheses

Research

Grid

On the Origin of
(Latin) Type Species

Unitization

Cadence-units

Kernagic

Em-/en square

Sum of particles

LetterModeller

(Groundbreaking research of Darwinian importance

for the understanding of type and typography, and
for the parametrization of related design processes)
www.lettermodel.org

Libre Graphics meetinG LeipziG, 3 apriL 204