Basics of Selenium for Qtp/Uft Automation Testers

As a QTP/UFT automation tester you will feel java is difficult. But you have
to understand the difference between freedom vs following standards.
Once you follow the standards and explore little bit of oops concepts you
will feel that Java is also a language that has more and more features
than VBScript. Also the Open Source IDE's will make you feel better while
writing java programs.
How to start with selenium
1.
Learn the basics of basics of java and eclipse
1.
Creating Java Project in Eclipse
2.
What is class file
3.
What is main method
4.
How to write different methods
5.
How to call methods in main method
6.
Syntax of Java
7.
Basics of HTML like Tags, Attributes
8.
Firebug
9.
Firepath
10.
Configuring Project with Selenium Libraries
If you are good at using vbscript class object concept then the above
concepts are cakewalk for you. For others it will take maximum of an hour
to understand clearly. There are so many sites available in internet which
will give you spoon feed ways to understand java basics.
After creation of project to write selenium tests the code goes like below.
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

Dont get panic by seeing these two lines. So many lines will be generated
while writing a program. These statements are like library loading
statements in QTP. If we load a library we can call a function. Above two
statements are mandatory if you want to automate application using
Firefox browser
The code in class file looks like below
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class RegisterUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}

A class is like a test and main method is driver for the class. So when you
execute whatever is there in main method will be executed. Now we will
start writing a small script for our very own flight reservation web
application.
1.
Open Browser
2.
Navigate to http://newtours.demoaut.com/
3.
Click on Register Link
4.
Enter First Name, Last Name, Select Country, Give User Name,
Password, Confirm Password and click on Submit image
Here we are going handle a link, text boxes, list box and image.
Opening Browser
To open a browser you must use below statement.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
Here driver is a variable. You can use this variable to do any operations in
the browser.
Navigate to http://newtours.demoaut.com/
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://newtours.demoaut.com/");

This will open Firefox and navigate to specific URL.

Clicking on Register Link
Now you have to handle an object. Remember that selenium doesnt
support all properties of an object like QTP. Here we call them as locators
and you can use below locators
1.
Html id
2.
class name
3.
Name of an object
4.
Html tag name of an object
5.
css selector
6.
link text
7.
partialLinkText
8.
xpath
Though QTP supports xpath and Css very less people are using it. But
when in selenium its common to use xpath. You can learn x-path
from here.
Use below methods to click on link
driver.findElement(By.linkText("REGISTER")).click();

or
WebElement lnkregister=driver.findElement(By.linkText("REGISTER"));
lnkregister.click();

In first method we are finding the element using link text and clicking on
it.
In Second method we are storing the link object in a variable and applying
click operation on variable.
Driver.FindElement will return an element type object and you have to
store it by specifying WebElement. This is similar to set keyword to store
objects in vbscript.
Enter Text in First Name and Last name
driver.findElement(By.name("firstName")).sendKeys("qtp");
driver.findElement(By.name("lastName")).sendKeys("sudhakar");

We can use sendkeys to enter text on any object.

Select Item from List

Select lstcountry= new Select(driver.findElement(By.name("country")));

lstcountry.selectByVisibleText("INDIA");

You can use click and sendkeys directly on findelement. But when it
comes to list value selection you must specify the type of object you are
handling with.
The final program goes like below.
public class RegisterUser{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Open Firefox browser
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
//Specify Synchronization for Page Load
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//Object Synchronization Timeout if object not avaible
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//Open Application URL
driver.get("http://newtours.demoaut.com/");
//Click on Register link
driver.findElement(By.linkText("REGISTER")).click();
//Enter First Name and Last Name
driver.findElement(By.name("firstName")).sendKeys("qtp");
driver.findElement(By.name("lastName")).sendKeys("sudhakar");
//Select Country
Select lstcountry= new Select(driver.findElement(By.name("country")));
lstcountry.selectByVisibleText("INDIA");
//Enter Username, Password, Confirm Password
driver.findElement(By.name("email")).sendKeys("qtpsudhakar");
driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys("1234567");

driver.findElement(By.name("confirmPassword")).sendKeys("1234567");
//Click on Register Image
driver.findElement(By.name("register")).click();
//Close Browser
driver.close();
}
}

In above program line number 8 and 11 will provide synchronization for

page load and find object . These two are similar to sync method and
object synchronization timeout in QTP.