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Abstract
The Current Transformer (CT) is one of the most
important equipment in high voltage substations
and it is expected to operate maintenance-free for
over 25 years. The reliability of protection systems
and the accuracy of measurement instruments rely
on the performance of current transformers. A
failure of the current transformer can lead into a
catastrophic damage of the Current Transformer
itself and to the equipment placed nearby. So
almost happened to two CTs installed in
substations in Panakukang. The first failure
occurred on October 13, 2010 on phase T and the
second failure occurred on April 17, 2011 on phase
S. This paper will attempt to determine the possible
cause of the failure by analyzing the test results of
the third CT installed on phase R which has not
failed yet and which is the same type and
manufacturing year from the same brand.
Keywords
Current
Transformer,
Dielectric
Response
Analyzer, CT Analyzer, Dissipation Factor Test,
Partial Discharge Measurement
1. Introduction
PLN AP2B South Sulawesi (Indonesia) operates a
transmission line system with voltage level of
150kV, 70kV and 30kV. It consists of more than
2,200 kilometer transmission line circuits and 34
substations. The total transformer capacity is 1,350
MVA, with an average availability of the system up
to 99% on a annual basis.
Primary Current:
Secondary Current:
Rated Burden:
Class:
Frequency:
800 A
5A
30 VA
5P20
50 Hz
2. Failure Phenomenon on
Phases T and S
The first CT failure occurred on October the 13,
2011 on phase T and resulted in a black out in the
Panakukang area. This incident has caused the
total energy loss of 60 MVA. Visual inspection
showed normal temperature conditions at the top
of the current transformer (upper core), and field
investigation did not reveal the presence of any
open secondary circuit.
The second failure occurred on April 17, 2011 on
phase S. The substation operator has seen smoke
coming out from the top of the current transformer
and took immediate action to de-energize the
current transformer. Thanks to this reaction a
further damage and a possible black out could be
avoided. The temperature measurement using
thermal infrared camera was observed and
showed no hot spot on the top of the current
transformer. The wiring verification on the
secondary side of the current transformer could
exclude an open-circuit condition.
Presentation 7.2
4. CT Testing on Phase R
Fig. 4 CT Phase T inner cover melting
Presentation 7.3
4.1 CT Analyzer
Several tests can be obtained using OMICRONs
CT Analyzer such as, ratio, saturation, burden,
polarity and winding resistance. The assessment
according to IEC standard is also possible. The
test result using CT Analyzer of phase R:
Ratio: OK
Excitation curve: OK
ALF (Accuracy Limit Factor): OK
Presentation 7.4
Presentation 7.5
5. Conclusion
1.
2.
3.
4.
References
Fig. 12 PD result for HV source only at 86kV
CT
Analyzer
and
Presentation 7.6