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Lect-33
Lect-33
Turbofan engine
Propulsion efficiency is a function of the
exhaust velocity to flight speed ratio.
This can be increased by reducing the effective
exhaust velocity.
In a turbofan engine, a fan of a larger
diameter than the compressor is used to
generate a mass flow higher than the core
mass flow.
cold / m hot ) is called the bypass ratio.
This ratio (m
Turbofan engines have a higher propulsion
efficiency as compared with turbojet engines
operating in the same speed range.
Prof. Bhaskar Roy, Prof. A M Pradeep, Department of Aerospace, IIT Bombay
Lect-33
Combustion chamber/burner
Turbine
Compressor
Primary nozzle
Fan
Secondary
nozzle
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Diffuser
Nozzle
Combustion chamber/burner
Turbine
Compressor
Fan
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T02
P02 ' = Pa
Ta
/( 1)
( 1) /
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P03 = c P02
T03 = T02 ( c )
( 1) /
T04 / T03 1
or , f =
QR / c pT03 T04 / T03
Hence, we can determine the fuel-air ratio.
Prof. Bhaskar Roy, Prof. A M Pradeep, Department of Aerospace, IIT Bombay
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T05'
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/( 1)
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u
= h07 h7
2
Since, h07 = h06
( 1) /
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2
Since, h07 ' = h03'
( 1) /
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assuming ( Pe Pa ) Ae to be negligible.
SFC, TSFC, efficiencies can be calculated the
same way as done for the turbojet case.
If the turbofan is of a mixed configuration,
then, we will have to calculate the
temperature at the nozzle entry from enthalpy
balance of the two streams.
Prof. Bhaskar Roy, Prof. A M Pradeep, Department of Aerospace, IIT Bombay
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Propeller
Nozzle
Propeller
pitch
control
Gear box
Compressorturbine
Power turbine
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6
7
P05
05
h
P06
06
Pa
7
s
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pr u = h m
or, pr =
h m
u
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= pr + n =
h m
u
+ m ( 2(1 )h u )
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Combustion chamber
Nozzle
Flame holders
Supersonic
compression
Subsonic
compression
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a-2: isentropic
compression in the intake
2-4: combustion at
constant pressure
4-7: Isentropic expansion
through the nozzle
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