Power[Sub]STATION name:

AREA:GENERAL
INPUT DATA:
L-L VOLTAGE [KV]
3 phase fault current[kA]
Xk3 [ohm]
incoming cable shield[ grounded both ends] resistance[ohm]
split factor[return current through cable shield]1.2 ohm/km
GROUNDING GRID FAULT CURRENT
FREQUENCY
FAULT CLEARING TIME
AVERAGE TOP SOIL RESISTIVITY
MINIMUM TOP SOIL RESISTIVITY
DEEP SOIL RESISTIVITY
weight of human body[kg]
CRUSHED STONE RESIST
NO.OF VERTICAL RODS
length/width area ratio
average length of a rod[20 ft]
CRUSHED STONE HEIGHT[m]
ROD TOP DEPTH[m]
THICKNESS OF UPPER LAYER SOIL[m]
DEPTH GRND GRID[m]
GRND COND. DIA[mm]
GRND COND. DIA[m]
TRANSV.SPACING BTWN LONG.CONDT.
LONG. SPACING BTWN PARALL. COND.S[M]
ROD DIAMETER 3/4" [mm]
ROD RADIUS [m]
POWER STATION TOTAL AREA[UP TO FENCES]sqr.m
ROD ON corners or PERIPHERY[Y=1/N=0]=RPH"

CALCULATED DATA:see IEEE-80/2000

touch max. admissible potential[V]

step max. admissible potential[V]

No.of segments on a long wire

No.of segments on a transversal wire

average no. of segments

Parameter Value
UkV
IK
x3
rshild
ksp
IERTH
F
T
ROS
ROM
ROD
PI
KGR
OV
NROD
LTOW
LROD
HS
HB
HA
H

B
AREA
RPH

25
2.6750
5.40
12.00
0.1118
0.0508
60
0.50
3000
3000
3000
3.1416
50
3000
0
1.00
6.00
0.10
0.70
4.00
0.70
6.00
0.0060
5.00
5.00
17.00
0.0085
231.04
1

A
TA
FUN
CHK
DCR
ETT
ETS
Radius
LING
WIDE
NA
NB
LT
LP
NO

0.1060
0.0531
0.9999
1.0417
1.0517
933.03
3239.96
8.58
15.20
15.20
4
4
40.00
60.80
1.32

DIA
DB
DA

Total length of the ground cable[m]

SQRT(DIA * HB)

LGL
HC
k1 as per Schwarz diagram
KA
k2 as per Schwarz diagram
KB
MAX(ROS,ROD)
ROG
roa as per Schwarz formula
RAD
RAD / 2 / PI / NROD / LROD
RMA
LN(4 * LROD / B) - 1 + 2 * KA * LROD / SQRT(AREA) * (SQRT( RMB
RMA*RMB[R2 as per Schwarz formula]
RMTB
[R1 as per Schwarz formula]
RMTA
[R12 as per Schwarz formula]
RMAB
Rg as per Schwarz's Formula
RMAT
Ground Potential Rise [GPR]kV
VRISE
Kii as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KU
Kh as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KH
MAX(DA,DB)
D
Km1 as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KMA
Km2 as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KMB
Km as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KM
IEEEStd 665/87
KI
MAX(NA,NB)
NAB
KIS=KI
KIS
NROD*LROD[m]
LR
Em as per IEEE Std 80-2000 [TOUCH POTENTIAL]
EM
W as per IEEE Std 80-2000
W
Ks as per IEEE Std 80-2000
KS
Es as per IEEE Std 80-2000 [STEP POTENTIAL]
ES
EM/ETT
ES/ETS
NCQ calculation

152.00
0.0648
1.15
4.78
3000
3000
7957.75
7.68
61124.55
95.33
73.16
95.32
5.09
0.23
1.30
5.00
513.52
0.08
1.01
0.84
4.00
0.84
0.06
845.27
0.20
0.30
248.57
90.59%
7.67%

formula
SQRT(3)*14.4
UkV/IK/SQRT(3)
maximum 10 km length
rshild/(rshild+RMAT)
SQRT(3)*UkV/SQRT(4*X3^2+RMAT^2)*ksp

OK!
OK!

10 / PI() / F
1-EXP(-T/TA)
CHK = 1 / 0.96 * (1 + 2 * SCK)
SQRT(1+TA/T*FUN)
(116 + 0.174 *CHK *ROM ) / SQRT(T)
(116 + 0.696 * CHK * ROM)
SQRT(AREA/PI())

INT(LING/DA)+1
INT(WIDE/DB)+1
NA*DB+NB*DA
(LING + WIDE) * 2
2 * LT / LP

SQRT(DIA * HB)
IF AREA < 6400, 1.2 - 0.05 * LTOW
IF AREA < 6400, 0.1 * LTOW + 4.68
MAX(ROS,ROD)
LROD * ROG * ROD / (ROD * (HA - HB) + ROG * (LROD - HA + HB))

RAD / 2 / PI / NROD / LROD

LN(4 * LROD / B) - 1 + 2 * KA * LROD / SQRT(AREA) * (SQRT(NROD) - 1) ^ 2
ROG / PI() / LGL * (LN(2 * LGL / HC) + KA * LGL / SQRT(AREA) - KB)
RAD / PI() / LGL * (LN(2 * LGL / LROD) +KA *LGL / SQRT(AREA) -KB + 1)
(RMTA * RMTB - RMAB ^ 2) / (RMTA + RMTB - 2 * RMAB)

IERTH*RMAT*DCR
1 / (2 * NO) ^ (2 / NO)
SQRT(1 + H)
D ^ 2 / 16 / H / (DIA) + (D + 2 * H) ^ 2 / 8 / D / (DIA ) - H / 4 / (DIA)

KU / KH * LN(8 / PI() / (2 * NO - 1))

1 / 2 / PI() * (LN(KMA) + KMB)
0.644 + 0.148 * NO

ROG * ierth * KM * KI / (lgl + 1.55 * LR) * 1000

(1 - 0.5 ^ (NO - 1))
1 / pi() * (1 / 2 /H + 1 / (D+ H) + 1 / D * W)
ROG * iertH * KS * KIS / (lgl + LR) * 1000

KCK = (ROS - OV) / (ROS + ROM)

For NCQ = 1 To 20
ACK = (NCQ * HS / 0.04) ^ 2
BCK = KCK ^ NCQ
CCK = BCK / Sqr(1 + ACK)
SCK = SCK + CCK
Next NCQ

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