BIO 184

NAME _______________________________

Page 1

Spring 2013
VERSION 1

EXAM 3: KEY
Instructions:
PRINT your Name and Exam version Number on your Scantron
Example:

PAULA SMITH, EXAM 2 VERSION 1

Write your name CLEARLY at the top of every page of the exam.
You will be given 2 hours to take the exam.
For each question on the exam, select the best answer. There is only one
best answer for each question.
When you are done, you must hand in the paper exam, all scratch paper,
and your Scantron. Please them in the correct pile for your exams version
number. Exams placed in the wrong pile will be graded with the wrong
Scantron key!

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

Page 2

Spring 2013
VERSION 1

1.

Homologs separate from one another during

a
mitosis
b.
meiosis I
c.
meiosis II
d.
interphase
e.
pachytene

2.

Puzzle is a male calico cat. Which of the following would explain his phenotype?
a.
XY
b.
XXY
c.
X
d.
XYY
e.
None of the above

3.

In guinea pigs, if a pure-breeding male with a solid brown coat is mated to a pure-breeding female with a
solid white coat, all the offspring have grey coats. This is an example of
a.
overdominance
b.
incomplete dominance
c.
codominance
d.
X-inactivation
e.
None of the above

4.

In mammals, oogenesis gives rise to.

a.
4 haploid eggs
b.
2 haploid eggs and one polar body
c.
3 haploid eggs and one polar body
d.
1 haploid egg and 2 polar bodies
e.
1 haploid egg and 3 polar bodies

5.

If a pure-breeding Australian Shepard with gold eyes is crossed with a pure-breeding partner with blue
eyes, all of the offspring have gold eyes. When these offspring are crossed to one another, some have
gold eyes, some have blue eyes, and some have green eyes. This is an example of
a.
sex-influence
b.
incomplete dominance
c.
codominance
d.
epistasis
e.
incomplete penetrance

6.

In tomato, Y = yellow flowers, y = white flowers; D = dark leaves, d = pale leaves. A dihybrid tomato plant
is test crossed with the following results: 456 yellow flowers, pale leaves; 462 white flowers, dark leaves;
38 yellow flowers, dark leaves; 40 white flowers, pale leaves. These data indicate:
a.
Flower color is under the control of two genes.
b.
One of the dihybrids parents had yellow flowers and pale leaves.
c.
The genes for flower color and leaf color assort independently.
d.
Gene linkage, with a map distance > 50 cM.
e.
None of the above

7.

Which of the following characters was NOT studied by Mendel?

a.
Leaf shape
b.
Flower position
c
Flower color
d.
Seed shape
e.
Seed color

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

Page 3

Spring 2013
VERSION 1

For questions 8-9 refer to the following:

Grant has inherited a tulip farm from his uncle. Almost all the tulips are pale yellow but he notices that a few have
gorgeous golden flowers. Grant crosses two of the golden-flowered plants to each other and gets 89 golden and 30
pale yellow.
8.

Grants data suggest that

a.
flower color is under the control of many genes and the environment
b.
flower color is inherited according to Mendels First Law
c.
Grant will never be able to isolate a pure-breeding line of golden flowers
d.
flower color is controlled by two genes with redundant activity
e.
the allele for golden flowers is recessive

9.

Grants data also suggest that

a.
the allele for golden flowers is lethal in homozygotes
b.
all golden-flowered plants are heterozygous
c.
all plants with pale yellow flowers are heterozygous
d.
the offspring of a cross between two plants with pale yellow flowers will also have pale yellow
flowers
e.
plants with golden flowers are rare because they cant make seeds

10.

In honey bees, A = antenna, a = no antenna. A queen with antennae is crossed with a male that lacks
antennae. All the offspring are females and they all have antennae. Whats going on?
a.
Sex-linkage
b.
Sex-influence
c.
Sex-limited
d.
X-inactivation
e.
Males are haploid

11.

One of Mendels great discoveries was that

a.
genes are located on chromosomes
b.
mutations can be induced with X-rays
c.
some genes dont assort independently from one another
d.
genes interact more like cans of paint than like ping pong balls
e.
None of the above

12.

Which of the following would eliminate X-linkage as a possible mode of inheritance?

a.
An affected female has an affected mother.
b.
An affected female does NOT have an affected mother.
c.
An affected female has an affected father.
d.
An affected female does NOT have an affected father.
e.
None of the above

13.

Mary is shocked when she learns that she has testicular cancer! What genetic phenomenon can explain
this?
a.
Haploidy
b.
X-inactivation
c.
Androgen insensitivity
d.
Sex reversal mutant
e.
X-linkage

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

Page 4

Spring 2013
VERSION 1

For questions 14-15, refer to the following paragraph:

In kangaroos, P = wide pouch, p = narrow pouch; E = big ears, e = little ears. A dihybrid kangaroo is test-crossed.
For each of the data sets, indicate the correct explanation.
14.

12 wide pouch, big ears; 8 narrow pouch, big ears; 9 wide pouch, little ears; 13 narrow pouch, little ears.
(p = 0.45).
a.
Independent assortment
b.
Linked genes located approximately 60 cM apart
c.
Linked genes located approximately 40 cM apart
d.
Narrow pouch is semi-lethal
e.
Little ears is semi-lethal

15.

36 wide pouch, big ears; 49 narrow pouch, big ears; 52 wide pouch, little ears; 34 narrow pouch, little
ears. (p = 0.039).
a.
Independent assortment
b.
Linked genes located approximately 60 cM apart
c.
Linked genes located approximately 40 cM apart
d.
Narrow pouch is semi-lethal
e.
Little ears is semi-lethal

16.

Male Idaho Hummingbirds have bright, iridescent red wings. Females have dull-colored wings. Which of
the following could cause this sexual dimorphism?
a.
Z-linkage
b.
W-linkage
c.
The allele for red wings is dominant in males and recessive in females.
d.
The allele for red wings is only expressed in males.
e.
None of the above

17.

The two-hit hypothesis explains

a.
what happens when a trait is influenced by two genes
b.
why some families have a high incidence of cancer
c.
why Mendel observed a 9:3:3:1 ratio in his F2s
d.
why heterozygotes are the most common genotype in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross
e.
independent assortment

18.

In Green-bellied snakes, G = green belly, g = brown belly. When a pure-breeding green-bellied snake is
crossed to a brown-bellied one, all of the offspring have green and brown stripes. This is an example of
a.
Codominance
b.
Incomplete dominance
c.
Overdominance
d.
Complete dominance
e.
Underdominance

19.

The allele for color-blindness is located on the X chromosome. Carissa is color-blind in one eye but not in
the other. Which of the following might explain this?
a.
Epistasis
b.
X-inactivation
c.
Incomplete penetrance
d.
Overdominance
e.
Dominant semi-lethal allele

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

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Spring 2013
VERSION 1

20.

Mendel performed his famous experiments around the same time

a.
that James Watson was born (1928)
b.
that Thomas Morgan was born (1866)
c.
as the American Revolution (1775-1783)
d.
that King Henry VIII of England died (1547)
e.
that protohumans began to walk upright

21.

In Northeastern Finches, ff chicks are born without feathers and die of cold soon after hatching. Despite
its deleterious phenotype, the f allele is very common and about 10% of Northeastern Finches are
heterozygous. This high level of heterozygosity can be explained by
a.
variable expressivity
b.
semi-lethal allele
c.
overdominance
d.
gene linkage
e.
Mendels First Law

22.

How many gametes are produced by an orchid plant with the genotype GgHhTT?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
4
d.
6
e.
8

23.

If you cross a trihybrid pea plant with a tester, what fraction of the offspring will be trihybrid?
a.
1/2
b.
1/4
c.
1/8
d.
3/8
e.
9/16

24.

Evan is 45 years old and pattern bald. He reads that the castrati were protected against pattern baldness
because they didnt have testicles. Oddly, Evan cares more about his hair than his testicles, so he has his
testicles surgically removed. Whats true of Evan now?
a.
He has a full head of hair.
b.
He has a lovely soprano singing voice.
c.
He is extremely hairy all over, not just on his head.
d.
He has two X chromosomes.
e.
He is a middle-aged pattern-bald man with no testicles.

25.

Wild iris comes in three shades of purple: lavender, mauve, and heliotrope. If two pure-breeding plants
are crossed, the F1s are mauve. In the F2s, mauve is the most common, followed by heliotrope and then
lavender. Which of the following is probably true?
a.
Pure-breeding plants are either mauve or lavender.
b.
Dihybrids are heliotrope.
c.
Testers are heliotrope.
d.
One gene controls the trait with two incompletely dominant alleles.
e.
None of the above

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

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Spring 2013
VERSION 1

26.

When Mendel died:

a.
He was famous.
b.
His great-grandchildren tried to steal his pea plants.
c.
He left behind meticulous records of his experiments.
d.
He was sad because hed never published his work.
e.
None of the above

27.

Karina has cystic fibrosis and is hospitalized for lung infections on a regular basis. Her sister, Clara, also has
the disease. However, Claras symptoms are easily controlled at home (she is rarely hospitalized). What
explains the difference in the two girls phenotypes?
a.
Variable penetrance
b.
Variable expressivity
c.
Incomplete penetrance
d.
Incomplete expressivity
e.
Overdominance

28.

A mouse has the genotype HHTt. Which of the following gametes does it produce?
a.
HH
b.
Tt
c.
HT
d.
hT
e.
All of the above

29.

In humans, homologs differ (on average) about 1 in every ______ base-pairs.

a.
10
b.
100
c.
1,000
d.
10,000
e.
100,000

30.

In lobster, Y = yellow, y = wild-type. Two Yy lobsters are crossed with the following results: 155 yellow : 62
wild-type. What explains this outcome?
a.
All yellow lobsters are heterozygous.
b.
Some of the yellow offspring died before they could be counted.
c.
Some of the wild-type offspring died before they could be counted.
d.
Yellow is the most common phenotype in the population.
e.
None of the above

31.

Lets Zip Parka During Dance refers to:

a.
Mendels First Law
b.
Mendels Second Law
c.
Mitosis
d.
Prophase I
e.
Prophase II

32.

Why are higher eukaryotes (like humans) committed to sexual reproduction?

a.
It increases the frequency of beneficial mutations.
b.
It selects for mutations that are beneficial.
c.
It increases variation to prevent infection and parasitism by microorganisms.
d.
It enables individuals to pass 100% of their genes to the next generation.
e.
Because its fun.

BIO 184
NAME _______________________________

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Spring 2013
VERSION 1

33.

The correct order of stages in mitosis is

a.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b.
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c.
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d.
telophase, metaphase, prophase, anaphase
e.
anaphase, metaphase, telophase, prophase

34.

Which of the following is characteristic of a sex-influenced trait?

a.
Its seen much more often in one sex than another.
b.
Hormones are affecting its expression.
c.
The allele for the trait is dominant in one sex and recessive in the other.
d.
A person can inherit the allele from either parent.
e.
All of the above

35.

Which of the following is characteristic of the inheritance of holandric traits?

a.
Affected males always have affected fathers.
b.
Affected females always have affected fathers.
c.
They are only observed in ants and bees.
d.
They are only observed in the birds and the bees.
e.
They skip generations.

36.

The horn length of unicorns ranges from 45 cm to 102 cm. When the horns of hundreds of unicorns are
measured, the distribution forms a bell curve like that shown below. The y axis represents the number of
unicorns with each measured horn length.

Horn length (cm)

These data indicate that horn length in unicorns is controlled by
a.
A single gene with only one allele
b.
A single gene with two alternative alleles
c.
Two genes with redundant functions
c.
The same genetic mechanism that controls coat color in Labrador Retrievers
d.
Many genes