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Important macro-skills in teaching a particular

language
An interesting feature of early language acquisition is that children
seem to depend more on semantics than on syntax when speaking.
Furthermore, the acquisition of language facility is one of the most
interesting but confusing phenomena in learning. The learners ability to
speak is marvelous and his mastery in other areas of learning such as
listening, reading and writing gives a clear indication that he has the
distinct opportunity of being a learner of a fantastic classroom teacher.
Important macro-skills in teaching a particular language
The four macro-skills in communication are the most important skills
in teaching a particular language. Each of them is necessary in the learning
process and teaching performance on behalf of the learners and mentors.
These skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing will be used as
the main vehicle to obtain definitely a certain language and to serve as a
way of communication.
An interesting feature of early language acquisition is that children
seem to depend more on semantics than on syntax when speaking.
Furthermore, the acquisition of language facility is one of the most
interesting phenomena in learning. The learners ability to speak is
marvelous and his mastery in other areas of learning such as listening,
reading and writing gives a clear indication that he has the distinct
opportunity of being a learner.
The communication skills in language teaching are as follows:
1. Speaking is the act of talking to someone, of making an sound with
intentional and unintentional dealings, or of a discourse of a person who
really speaks. It refers also to literary works and artistic communications
that are composed of daily recitations, as ancient poetry and oral literature
regardless of a language spoken by the people worldwide. Oral
communication is a vicious cycle which always involves two persons or
more: a decoder and an encoder; the message, the channel and the
feedback. The teachers should create situations in which the learners could
exercise their ability of oral expressions. Besides, in a blog release
published online, it said speaking is one of the most direct and useful forms
of communication. It said also two people can speak with each other yet

still not be able to communicate anything - they could be speaking different

languages. Speaking is used mainly when people are having face-to-face
communication, but it can also be over the phone and now over technology
such as webcams and video calling.

2. Listening is the most important skill in communication. It is a mental

operation involving processing sound waves, interpreting their meaning,
and storing their meaning in memory. It is a communication technique that
requires the listeners to understand, interpret, and evaluate what they hear
of. It overlays the way for other skills to tower over the others because of its
significance in terms of speech, discussions and freedom of expression.
They serve as an approach to make everybody comprehend which is
originally derived from the given talk or utterance. It is closely related to
speaking and it enables the persons to soak in any information that is given
to them; consequently, the information can be passed on to another party
later on after the conversation. On the other hand, students will develop
prediction and anticipation skills in listening. They will recall previous
knowledge or experience about the topic of the listening text before to the
text, and will recall the cause-effect relationships in the listening text.
Without listening, communication can also be crippled. It is vital and should
be part mainly in communication.
3. Reading is another important skill in communication. It is a multifaceted
process involving word recognition, comprehension, fluency and motivation.
Reading is the way a person gets information from written letters and
words. Reading approach is also based on the philosophy and theories
concerning the meaning, nature, and structure of reading. Further, it
consists of a set of decisions to carry out an objective that results in a plan
and its wise implementation. Many people think of reading as a skill that is
taught once and for all in the first few years of school. Reading enables man
to consider the mysteries of the world, explore accumulated knowledge,
and contemplate the unknown. All the enigmatic symbolisms will be
revealed through reading. No one can question it because it gives emphasis
to the importance of global communication. In the past, books and
newspapers were the most commonly read items; now emails and text
messages form a lot of normal day's communication activities.

4. Writing is a skill that needs t0 practice at all times. You know why? By all
accounts, writing means much more than using orthographic symbols. It is
a thinking process which is characterized by a purposeful selection and
organization of experience. It is an act of discovery, of communication, of
joy. It connects us to work, to culture, to society, to existing knowledge, and
to the meanings of our lives. Without it, poor communication will occur as
far as written communication is concerned. It is the act of putting sentences
together in connected discourse, but the main focus is on basic
communicability. It is designed to give beginning learners the feeling that
they are able to write and that what they write has a profound value. Most
people rely on writing because they cant express themselves and it is
better for them to write in order to fulfill their wishes to the persons they
love or long for in order to communicate effectively. Writing is closely linked
to reading as, like speaking and listening, they really work in harmony to
ensure successful communication. Again language can be a potential
barrier with writing. Writing activities consist of exposing the learners to
diverse rhetorical forms through extensive reading and providing intensive
practice in the actual writing or compositions. In conclusion to this, good
writing can be taught by teachers who provide frequent and challenging
chances or opportunities for writing to enable the learners to develop their
skills and confidence.
5. Viewing is one of the most important skills in communication because it
is a way of portraying information in the database, thus giving more
emphasis to the importance of mental faculty that allows a perceiver to
delineate or give details about a target that is inaccessible to normal senses
due to time, distance or shielding. Of all the skills in communication,
viewing can help the global audiences watch their favorite shows either in
movies or in televisions, as well as other forms of viewing devices.
According to Center for Media Literacy, the literate reader, however, does
not stop with converting printed words into ideas. He/she contemplates
those ideas, and carries on an internal dialogue with the author,
congratulating the latter for brilliant insights or condemning him/her for
outrageous opinions. The literate TV viewer carries on a similar dialogue
with the creators of a program, congratulating or condemning them for
everything from the sublime to the ridiculous. At this point, reading and
critical viewing, literacy and television literacy, become synonymous. Both
the reader and the viewer learns to be active: to challenge, analyze, react,
explore, and understand the medium, whether it's a printed page or an

illuminated TV set.
All human beings bring into the world an innate faculty for language
acquisition, language use, and grammar construction. It is the
internalization of the rules of grammar in ones first language from a more
or less random exposure to various utterances. The language learners are
very able to construct new, grammatically acceptable sentences from
material they have already heard. Unlike the parrot in human society, they
are not limited to mere repetition of sounds.

Language acquisition could not take place through habit formation

because language is far too complicated to be learned in such a manner,
especially given the brief time available. There is an innate capacity of
human beings who get possessed and predisposed them to look for
fundamental patterns in language. People could create utterances they
could not have possibly encountered in a language that was spoken to
them.
In first-language acquisition, young children have certain innate
characteristics that predispose them to learn a language. These
characteristics include the structures, which enable the children to make
the sounds used in language, and the ability to understand a number of
general grammatical principles, such as the hierarchical nature of syntax.
Children acquire whatever language is spoken around them, even if their
parents speak a diverse language.
Constant practice under the proper guidance of the teachers makes the
students feel at home with any language. The teacher sees to it that the
learner can imitate and speak the correct English patterns that are taught
to him in the classroom. It is a psychological fact that young people can
learn a new language easily and idiomatically. In the language lessons,
exercises take the forms of repetition, pattern drills and accompanied
reinforcements by the teachers just to learn the language.
It is not a basic undertaking to simplify a process in the four walls of the
classrooms an atmosphere of self-confidence and enthusiasm in learning a

language. It is energy-consuming and time-consuming. It involves failures

and successes. It involves an acceptance of individuals strengths and
weaknesses including ones own. The teacher needs to face the exciting
and creative experience in the classrooms while in the process of teaching
the language. Errors should be avoided. If an error is committed, quick
correction is desirable in order to prevent the establishment of bad habits.
The presence or manifestation of various teaching strategies for use in the
field has confused a lot of public secondary English teachers whose
students come from different educational backgrounds. These students
come from exclusive schools which have different English books and
students come from the remote elementary schools which have lack of
learning materials and limited learning experiences. The teachers are
pessimistic whether or not the methods they use in their classes could keep
up with the standards of a good and effective teaching procedure
considering a mixture of students they have in the classroom.
Teaching should be adjusted to the needs of the learners. Because of this, it
is imperative to determine first their difficulties and needs so that whatever
materials a teacher senses to design should be in accordance with these
needs. This is what is known as directional teaching. This means an
assurance of more achievements in teaching than mere teaching without
any sound basis.
The researcher has resorted to this study for the purpose of predicting
public science high schools first year selected students learning
performance utilizing the macro-skills of structured lessons in English.
Communication is something that can bridge you between the unknown
world and the known world with sufficient information to dish out. Likewise,
its about expressing and conveying your thoughts, emotions, notions and
concepts with another human beings.
People are more likely to listen to you, whatever you have to say, if you can
express yourself well, and this is particularly useful in influencing and
negotiating significant personal, social and business matters.
Communication is the key progress and advancement in continuing to learn
things more accurately and effectively. Without communication nothing
would get done and the world would pretty much stand still. All five macro

skills of communication are indispensable in everyday life and should never

be underestimated.

Compiled by Hortensia Reyes Mers.