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SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME487
FIRST DIVISION.
694
694
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interest due shall itself earn legal interest from the time it
is judicially demanded. In the absence of stipulation, the rate
of interest shall be 12% per annum to be computed from default,
i.e., from judicial or extrajudicial demand under and subject to the
provisions of Article 1169 of the Civil Code. 2. When an obligation,
not constituting a loan or forbearance of money, is breached, an
interest on the amount of damages awarded may be imposed at
the discretion of the court at the rate of 6% per annum. No
interest, however, shall be adjudged on unliquidated claims or
damages except when or until the demand can be established with
reasonable certainty. Accordingly, where the demand is
established with reasonable certainty, the interest shall begin to
run from the time the claim is made judicially or extrajudicially
(Art. 1169, Civil Code) but when such certainty cannot be so
reasonably established at the time the demand is made, the
interest shall begin to run only from the date the judgment of the
court is made (at which time the quantification of damages may
be deemed to have been reasonably ascertained). The actual base
for the computation of legal interest shall, in any case, be on the
amount finally adjudged. 3. When the judgment of the court
awarding a sum of money becomes final and executory, the
rate of legal interest, whether the case falls under
paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, above, shall be 12% per
annum from such finality until its satisfaction, this
interim period being deemed to be by then an equivalent
to a forbearance of credit.
Same Same Same Mathematics is an exact science, the
application of which needs no further proof from the parties.In
Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation v. Alfa RTW
Manufacturing Corporation, 368 SCRA 611 (2001), this Court
held that the total amount due on the contracts of loan may be
easily determined by the trial court through a simple
mathematical computation based on the formula specified above.
Mathematics is an exact science, the application of which needs
no further proof from the parties.
Appeals Assignment of Errors It is equally settled that the
Supreme Court is clothed with ample authority to review matters
not assigned as errors in an appeal, if it finds that their
consideration is
695
695
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696
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697
698
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Records, p. 21.
10
Id., at p. 66.
11
12
699
699
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Id., at p. 88.
14
Id., at p. 123.
15
Id., at p. 127.
700
700
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SO ORDERED.
17
Id., at p. 13.
701
701
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Dela Torre v. Bicol University, G.R. No. 148632, August 31, 2005, 468
Escorpizo v. University of Baguio, 366 Phil. 166, 178 306 SCRA 497,
506 (1999).
20
G.R. No. 97412, July 12, 1994, 234 SCRA 78, 9597.
702
702
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22
G.R. No. 140182, April 12, 2005, 455 SCRA 436, 454.
703
703
25
Rollo, p. 189.
704
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704
Rollo, p. 88.
705
705
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706
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Id.
33
Id., citing Prudential Bank v. Alviar, G.R. No. 150197, July 28, 2005, 464
SCRA 336.
34
707
707
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708
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Pea, Registration of Land Titles and Deeds, 1994 Revised Edition, p. 273.
36
Id.
37
Rollo, p. 29.
709
709
costs, and shall render judgment for the sum so found due and
order that the same be paid to the court or to the judgment
obligee within a period of not less than ninety (90) days nor more
than one hundred twenty (120) days from the entry of judgment,
and that in default of such payment the property shall be sold at
public auction to satisfy the judgment. (Emphasis added)
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710
SO ORDERED.
Panganiban (C.J., Chairperson), AustriaMartinez,
Callejo, Sr. and ChicoNazario, JJ., concur.
Judgment affirmed with modifications.
Notes.Where the entire mortgage contract yields no
mention of penalty charges, it can fairly be concluded that
the mortgagee did not intend to include the penalties on
the promissory notes in the secured amount. A mortgagee
must sufficiently describe the debt sought to be secured,
which description much not be such as to mislead or
deceive, and an obligation is not secured by a mortgage
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