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TELKOMSEL PROJECT
DATACOM & LTE TRANSPORT ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
JAYAPURA, 5-7 SEPTEMBER 2016
3GPP OVERVIEW
Datagram (connectionless) :
The packets are route independently.
Sometimes resulting in different paths and outof-order delivery.
Examples of Protocols : Ethernet, IP, UDP
Circuit Switching
Dedicated path
Path is established for entire conversation
Call setup delay
LTE ARCHITECTURE
SGSN
UTRAN
S4
S6a
S10
PCRF
MME
Gxc
S11
UE
Uu
Gx
Rx
IMS
AAA
S6b
S1-MME
eNB
S-GW
X2
UE
HSS
S3
MME
eNB
S1U
Internet
PDN-GW
S5/S8
SAE-GW
SGi
Company Intranet
LTE IP Based Protocols for User, Control, Management and Synchronization Plane
S1-MME
RRC
S1-AP
S1-AP
RLC
SCTP
SCTP
MAC
IP
IP
PHY
L1/L2
L1/L2
PDCP
eNB2
Inter-eNB X2
(U/C-plane)
ToP Server
(optional)
X2
X2-AP
X2-AP
SCTP
SCTP
IP
IP
L1/L2
L1/L2
GTP-U
GTP-U
UDP
UDP
IP
IP
L1/L2
L1/L2
eNB
eNB
eNB
MME
S1-MME
(C-plane)
S1-U
(U-plane)
MME
SAE-GW
S1-U
IP
eNB1
O&M
(M-plane)
NetAct
PDCP
GTP-U
GTP-U
RLC
UDP
UDP
MAC
IP
IP
PHY
L1/L2
L1/L2
eNB
S-GW
S1-U
S5/S8
SGi
Air Interface
IP
UE
eNB
IP
S-GW
P-GW
SAE-GW
Server
TCP PROTOCOLS
1. One characteristic of TCP is that it uses a technique called TCP
Slow Start to figure out how much data it can reliably send
across the network.
2. Initially the sender does not know what the initial value of the
congestion window (cwnd) should be so it sets the value to 1
(initial window). Each time the sender receives a positive
acknowledgement it doubles the number of segments
(increases the value of cwnd) it sends out increasing the
amount of data transferred at once. The sender controls the
congestion window which is the total number of segments sent
at one time.
3. If Packet Loss detected, TCP will halve Congestion Window and enter Congestion Avoidance Phase and will slow
the transmission rate. After that, the congestion window will be increased linearly.
4. If above case happens in severe packet loss network link environment, it will impact throughput experienced by
end user.
REFERENCES
References
1. NOLS
2. GS NPO Training Modules
3. http://www.3gpp.org/technologies/keywords-acronyms/98-lte
4. http://www.tutorialspoint.com/lte/lte_overview.htm
5. http://www.tutorialspoint.com/lte/lte_radio_protocol_architecture.htm
6. http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_SimplexFullDuplexandHalfDuplexOperation.htm
7. http://www.l-com.com/what-is-the-difference-between-simplex-and-duplex-fiber-optic-cable
8. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Communication_Networks/TCP_and_UDP_Protocols
9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_over_twisted_pair
10. https://www.utdallas.edu/~venky/acn/CongestionControl.pdf
11. https://filipv.net/2013/06/
Thank You