You are on page 1of 107

Doutrina

 
    
S

e nh

or

!#"%$'&(')+*,&.-%&/"10321465
7189;:=<?>A@CB
DAEGF6H

I>KJ?@MLCNOBQP%@M<SR/T?U+T?V1PXWY>Z<
[ LM:=LMWY>ZP'\^]_]C`

acbedXfhgKikjXlSmXlcn1b?o?lcpXqKgrd?sZl6tvuKwxsAbeyQgKqzb/{XqKjX|eb?g }~6rXc#X

107

'%6
[
RRz?JrLJO<%PPWY>KM'J?C<?r>ZPCJOCT%PCG_LCM\MCT'T9%+J?P^C9SP6P6LMM9:=^>J?C_P6<r>KJ:AJeJQ@Y89+J<SYV1IzLMPXWM<?6>ZhJ>;OJQJQ9+@<?C>ZP6LCP99JOMCe8XP<?T >ZPX9KHCPTC^9KC[ rP6LM69SP^LMM9L_rMPJrLC9+^<_P69Jr>KBQJeP_T8C`Z8TT JG[
Mh<?9Z:AJQ@YJQ9'8LMh:AJ?9%rPX9J?9LC<:C_Je89Z@PJr:=<?M:AB?PGCP6>KJ?@CJ?9?T7+eP6>KJGCCP6>
P6eLM>Z@M<e:=8<+9K@<?PMC6?<?CCKCP6J^>K LC<J88^<>A<rX<rP6L_C@M<r<9K<?>1:=>KJ?@YJJ?PCMWMrPJ9<e
+P6LM:=>_J+@CJSV1PX6J#6<?>ZLC9Jre89KPXWC>Z<+P'6<?CCP^>T
+P6LM:=>_J+@CJSV1PX6J#6<?>ZLC9Jre89KPXWC>Z<SJS9Kr>=h:=LC>KJSMJ?M:AJT
+P6LM:=>_J%@M<S#@CJ_J?>KJJV1PXJ6<?>ZLC9Jre89K<?eLCC@MPP69%C>Z<?<rh:=P69@MP
+<??rP6GPCT
+P6LM:=>_J+@CJSV1PX6J#6<?>ZLC9Jre89KPXWC>Z<SJSMXT
R_P^M:CL_JQNOBQP%@MP6LMrP'^_JrT
JOWY<?@MP6>J/7+CGr?J+9KPWY>Z<SJShe_JS>APe@?CJXT
[
[
[ M9K?CKJeJOGWY<?M@MP6M>@CJJ?7+@M<+Ce<Srh:=?<?J>ZM9KPX@CWCJ?@M>Z<<XT JQ9G_J?9 MhYPX:=?CJe MhC>A<?9<?CNOJG
JOWY<?@MP6>J/7+CGr?J+9KPWY>Z<+P'GCPS7S8P6>z<SJSG_JSMJrWC<?@P6>JXT
JOWY<?@MP6>J/7+CGr?J+9KPWY>Z<SJ/@CJXT
JQ>KJJV1PX#JO9KG<>A<=ZZ+JGAP6LMJ:=>M_L_JJr/@Y<?J9Z:AV1PX9K6<?JC@6P<?>ZCLCP9JO<e8C9;Z:AzJ?8LC>KJ?J?9@C<?JMC:=<?<rCP@YJG6<?9KC<CAP^>;YP6LMY:=P>9_JJ
P^<r>;_JG8J@^eh>Z:A<=J?Z9+JCPC<?PXGCP6CL9KrJ?LMPxP9K9K<?PXLWC>A<8P.6rLMP8PP^9K<_JOCP6C@M9?<T rP6C9ZJ :AJr:AJQX><1YC<r<rJQJQ99+rPXP99rJQJ?99SMMLCLC<<
9K <?LC>K<1B?PC<r@^hJ:AJ?VS9%P@M<rJ1C6PX<?9>ZCLCC9JrP69e8PXYGCC9>Z<rLMeP69Z:A9'J8C<?PC7#YP6P^_OJ?JO@MhP6C9%9K<%_H6?3H JrYMP6h:=HLCLM rPP\ LCM<LC9K<<G9K<?>eJLMJr>KCB?6P9 T
P6LMrPX9<=AJ<?M:=<?C@6@CJ%J%V1PXJG>Z<=AJGXX<?>K9K<e'JQLMMJrW_JrhP^D CPMh:8P?JrM
:=LMPCT

acbedXfhgKijXl1ml#nSb?o?l#pXqKgdQsAl6tuKwxsAbey?gqb.{qj|Gb?g~6rk.+/6
  !x

!
??????????????????

   ! #"
$%! '&()*+,.-/ 
021

346587:9 96;=<>?>A@
BDC >FEHGIKJMLON EPIQ>*RGTSU>WVARGOXY>[Z]\_^a`b^acedf^gihPR>WVARGOXY>RajOklSmSURnpo#RqrjTh R
o#Rqrj RGTS/>!VARGXe>2s_RajOklRRajklS2mS/JM> EtGOIKJMLN EPIK>uRnvo#Rqrj6wyxM>rz2SrjSjLa>2I{jTSrj
| >GTSn | R6I}klSj~Et>G KRhRjTRn QR.JMSz2S | >I | R6I}kl>/z2>/qRjTR | Rfrw CF  KRyRaj
klSmS/S/m2IKz2SheRS/m2IKzS/RGTS!SKqe#z>ej2>rnRJjwSq,SOEtS2GaRLaRyJMSrjyklGaR6
mSrjThnFSrjSjyklGaRmSrjJM?2>/S!LT>n#EtGTRRJMzRGaS2nw/wQwKw#U>VARGXe>/MR | Rf/ASG
JMRhR.SXI}kl>q!RJAklGTR.JMejahR#m2IKnF>ejyS!Mq2S!AKGOIKShAKGIQSFLa>nF>SFz>PJAI}
MJAIkl>PEHGa>LaRz2RJAklR z>SMIKh6La2R6IK>#zRPMGTSTSR zR mRGTzSz2R:ihri,w
 ;!97T; @
B QqemR6IK>#S2>nqJMz>h6nFSrj>ej>nFRJjSnSGaS2nSrjklGaRmSrjnFSMIDj z>uqR
S/QqehEt>2I{jSjP>2XeGaSjzR6KRajRGaS2nnFje2lw
96; r d ` M ^df ;97a; @
B PJMqSJAkl>klRJMzRaj#SKq,hMLaGTRzRuJMSQqeh6EHSGTSq2R | IK>ej#z2SQqejTR}SMI{j6wQwKw
Pq2heS#qe6hem2IKn(S>/nFq2JMz>hTEtSGTS!q2R#kl>z>/Sq2R6KR.qR.LTGa.Rn'[IKnJM?>
EtRGTnFSJMRTSRn(klGTRmSrj,]~rh6M6w
\ d ^aM7f9  9ce9d 9 9M dP6 97 9^9 9d ^ 96 9 7ae9# 9 `9;97a5
;  9M d 9FA^7fT9 ;  7/ i @ B >[VARGXe>RajklS2mSURn
o#RqrjThR o#RqrjRGaS>FVARGXe>Ah9 9a 76@ B jaRn KRhJMSz2S!z2>/qR | >I | R6I}kl>jTR | Rf2ls
96M96;7f9 ^6 9 B >VARGXe>FjTR | RfFASGaJMRH9/ 99a`97cdf^;U\  7A^

6e}fKeeefaDf*6fHefe6'%TaQeH e

107

8 d9i^9 9 96; d 9  9M d #aA^6;F^ 2!u 9d Z8\A^O`^Oc,df^gM;F^7 `9


T A^;F^ y 9d d 9y 9d  7 }l^ }c6 y 9d /r ^P}c6A^ ^aM9 2 5
d^9  9M d P}c6 / 9d ;!97T;  ^!P}c6A^ ^O9  db^;!97T;F^eM d
7f7 ^6;6;aA^6;F^ 2 3 M ^ ^O` ^;/M6;7:9 7f7f9 9c,9a ^ ; 2
; ^P}c6A^ ^O9  db^#9 P}c6 / ; d i^ 96; ;F9 97 9/^9 9d ^ 9
d^; ;' 9M df ^O ^;6;v7f9 7f7f9@ B J  QR RajklS2mSSm2IKz2Sh6R.V~IKzS/RGTS/S
Kq,.z>ej>nFRJj,bsH^8c ^ P}c ^; d9#^#` M #^#cA^ ^O9  db^eu
97 9. 97f99 9 9 d dMf} /# 9d 97 ^OcY^. ; 9 7TY99 7
9df^ . 9d 2 y ;( 9 7 ZbSEHqz#o#RqnFgH.96;9 7.Z]IKJ/o#R>g 7^7T^aM9 2 5
d^97 ^6; d 9 ^6; d A^7T^aM9  d^Y 96;!9a`A^ 96;!9 9#7f9 96;  d
` M ^df96;=<>?>A@
Bb K>GI | IKLTSM}URxq2hPUMSIKh La>JAk8I{>UnFRajTnF>h La>nSUAKGIQSWq2Rk8IKmR
LT>JAk8I{M>#SJAklRajqR >#nFq2JMz>#Rf2I{jOk8I{jfjaR2i2Qe
;!97T; 2 /96;_;97a; M d7f7 iF ^6;M6;@A9 9 7#9df^
9d  9696; r d ` M ^df 9  9M d97 \A^O~9 \_^a97  `96 7
9 \_^aM9 `9.7  ! ;df^6r ; !u 9d u^P}c6A^ ^O9  db^  }c6
; df_7f9 6 9657f9 9  
~^7f7b;  9M df 9  96; i ^7^7/ 7T^7
9F7f9!l 9df^6; df^6; ]9a ^7a_ 7 ir ^7^7/ 7T^7 df^6; Tdb^ ^7  }c6
; d_9a`b^P}c6A^ ^aM9  d^Y
1
 97f9i^ ;!97T; 9di Z]\_^a`b^aced^g/ 97f9;F^}]97 i d 7f7a
9a` 7 \Md 89 ^7P9 M9a` 7 c^ 9a`7 ^7 97:99 9 9y^ 296; ^d `b^df  965
7f9c,9d.:`b^df^6;!9 9 d7:7 M 9 `9/ c  9d ;!97T;  ^a`P967 9
i ^^7T^aM9  d^A^df^ 7^6 7!9F 9a`} 4Mfb^^df^ 7F ;!9M7F97di i ^O7
;9a]9a i ;!97T; / 9d 997 ; 7. ;!9M7. ;  97  ^;F5
6; ; 7^6 7 7 a 7;F^7Tr ;   ; 7 ;!9M7Tr97 # 7f9 A^5
i df^a`b9M ^ i T 97  7:9 97di i ^O`] ; P}c . 9d ^;F5
6; P}c6 d a9 9 96A9!97f7f9!  7 ce96;  9M df;^7 ^;6;
9M d;97a; c7 i 9  9M dy;!97T; r d7:7 !i ^7.9u^ ^ ;F^
^7 7T^7 ^\A^O`b^ac,df^ d^;97fadi ^7y^d979a iF `97 ;!9 9e97 9 jTSNKSrj
^ PUSKSqIKSrjOr   df^ 7T^^a`}~^  7f9d^#d97M9a i 9M d  r
7f9 2 7 i  df^ 9M da
6 6; ^O ^ MA^c67 i 9#7f7 ^7f7b;FM96 9 ^ i ^O` 9d
Z eg
; r 9.ce465l` r ^ i 9u^O9A^7 MM9 O^96r ^ 2 `9df;!9 99u7T^O}^
; i ^fb;F^6e 9.A^#\A^O`b^ac,df^.  7 ;!9 9 7f9 2 A^ i df^a`b;^7
^6;M6; 972d i ^a`b96M97f7f97:9  M9a` 7 ;!97 ^7HM97f7 ^7P9  7H` M ^d97
.7 }b^ ^#^a` ;^ 7T^ 2 9M dP96 ^ab^a` 6 ;F^ 7T^  a 9 ^ d9i^

6e}fKeeefaDf*6fHefe6 
 aaQe"!P,"#%$ &
d ce99 9  `96  ^a` ;^ 7T^ 7 ^e 7 i 9 i ^79u^ ^ ;F^ ^7
7a^7 ^#\A^O`^Oc,df^ df^ ^;  9M dfe9#^#\A^O`^Oc,df^. 9M dH d 9y cb5
# 9d e9a7P d 9.7f9 f`b^d^;!9 9@b*SFMSKSmGaSjaR | Rf/_SGTJMRhR#SXI}kl>q
RJAklGTR.JMejahR.m2IKn>YjS/Mq2SKGIKS~w  ^6;6; d 9#7f9 @ B PJMqS2JAkl>FklRJA
z2Raj#SKqe6hMLaGaRz2RJMSKq,h6EtS2GaSrq2R | I}Q>ejuzSQqejTR}SI{jwKwQwPqhASFq,hAmIQnS>
nFq2JMz(> 'bEtSGTS ).wKwQwqRn(LaGTRn [IQnJM?2> EHRGanFS2JMRaS/RnklGaRmSrj,8w ` MO
P}c6  9d ^7f7b;F ^\A^a`b^Oc,df^e(\ d!97f7T^^ 7T^ 96 ;97a; 96 i
^ 9a`9y 9.d9 dd9#^ 9M dfe ^  `4#^#\_^a`b^acedf^#9 d^^ `96rM9a`b^#.}` ;b5
A^ 
Pdf587:96+5  % ^6;M6; ^ ;^7/  ^7 7T^77 d9 97f9 96;
9df^a`P996;A^d `b^du^!d979a i2 9M d#96; i 7 7#Md 89 ^7 2F 9a`
~97 ^;!9 i 9"jTSMNKSj ^ USKSqIKSrj6
, . -f/
 9  9M dc,9a ^ ; 2 A^`9 iM 9 2 7 96;/ 7T9/9df^
^ 2 `9  7:9dib^F;F^a7d9 MM9: 2 9a` 7 M 9 7aA96 d.7f7
^ 2   d97 ^7f7f9#;F^a7 7T^#^O` ;F^ ^ 8 d9i^e96r^.  7f9dP 96
9  9M dtc697f7f9#^ ; 2 9 9#d9ac,9a`b^7f7:96 ;!96;9d9a965
dib^ 9; d 9 9 9dA^e 7f7b;v7f9 96; <>?2>_@
B MR JM?2>#LaGaRGTzRajqRHPq#M>qh6nF>GaGTRGaR6I{jRnm>ejfjT>YjEHRLaSz2>eje2+ 02ew
, }. -f
 9 / 9M d c,9a ^ ;  A^df^9a89 i ^d  T2 1 A^O`96 d
97f7f96r7 M ^d 789d 7 9#9   ;A^OcY^; 9]9 7f7 d
4 ;^
;9a U 9 ;^ 97  d 9 ^ 397^ ;/ ^7 = 9 5
d ce99 9 ^F; 9!9/ d# ^7c6 db^7H 967f9 789d 7
  7f7f96;v7 6 M ^ 2 7a ;!96;vM9M ;  9db^ 7f9d7T^O`c
, }}6 -:2
 9 F 9M dPce9a ^ ; 2 ^d^ ` d}l^d  4# ;F^ r7 i
6 b5l` ^ P}c6 9  `9 97 ^ac^PM9a`^ MT9a 7
, }c8-:9 9 9M dHce9a ^ ; 2 A^df^M7 ^ d^d ;F^. cY^ d9i^
9u d9 MM9a97f7f9 ; / : 9 9 i d9 ^a`}c^  d9 7f7f9d9 b; ^9
7T^a`}cY^9a` ^; d9P9a`b^P8 `9e
, 8c -:9
 9.9  ^ ;!97T; 96; d 9 r a eA^df^ 9b 97f7f9
;' ;^ d9i^e
, c6. -:;
> ` b; ;A^ 9 * 9 ^ 
 9^!A^a< =  ^Td M 9 ?
9a`b^ ^O`Mc,9Ma9 `9A^6;!9 9 789d 7T92`9A^6;!9 9 ` d}b 
u 9 2 4 ;F^
*#1

6e}fQe,PPefT{f*6:~t,:,'aaQeA@ e

107

 9^\A^a`b^Oc,df^   . df^ 9 9  df^ 7T^6O7:7 7:9 c,9d A^ Md^7f9 96M>2XeGaRS


tjTLTGI}klq2GaSSJAklSA

\A^df^ ldf;F^d/ 9^7f7b;FH 9d tM97 9FMdib;!9ad ^a i ` ^ M d


7 ;!9 9^7^7f7T^ 9M7 ^\A^O`b^ac,df^ 9/7:9 ^ 9a`9 b^ A^ 9a`9 ^ 9
A^ 9a`9 96; 2 eA^7 ^a7TM9a` b^ 99a` 96; 2 7f9#9 9 9 ^ ce9 i
2 9M da C
; jTSNKSrj,@
B MRGThJMSyEt>ejOklRGIKz2SzRyz>ejzMIKSjThqR#>nF>JAklRz2R< D EGFIHKJLE*jTRGa | IKG
nSz>uJM>LTqnFRz>ej n>rJAklRaj6w#wQwKw My< D EGFIHKJLEjTRGa/RfSM}klS2z>/JMS2rq2R6KR
zIKS_wwQwKN
w M'zMIKSz2R < D8EGFLHKJIEPOHR6XeS2>kljT>2XeGaRkl>z>jT>2XeRGXe>RSMk8IKm>w
C SqR6KR/zIKS>2>rnRnpKSJMTSGT | >GTSjTRqrjNKz2>Q>Yjuz2R.EHGaSMklSR>qGT>_
l~2hrfihr]2hR Qw
BDC S2rq2R6KR zMIQS>.MRJM2>rG~<R>m2IKuGaRnF>mRGau>>GTJMSMkl>Al~i% 0ew
BDC S2rq2R6KR/zMIQSS2mRGaq2nGaRJM>m>zR# < D8EGFLHKJIE Rn>JMGTSRAQrGOIKS
8},w
TB S qAIKGTLT>rJAklGTSR6KR JMS2qR6KR zIKS_wQwKwR >2KS2GauS/klRGaGTSh6qRheR6I{jTh 'fRajOklSGT
RUn )klGTRmrSjThS2JjIQRzSz2RhR SKqe jTR RajaLTqGTRLaRGauJMSrjGaqNKJMSrj,2~R Qw
B La>JAklRLaRGTJMSqR6KRuzMIKSqRy < D EGFIHKJLE[SrjfjT>2XrIQSGaEtS2GaSSjunF>ejaLTSrj
JMS/Rf2klGaRnIKzS2zRz>ej GOIK>ej z>ytAIkl>w,wKwQw C SqR6QR.zMIKS2h2kl>YjTqMIQSGa>MR6
JM2>GwQwKw JMSEHSrjfjTSrRnz2>GOIK>MwwQwQw C Sq2R6KRzIKS/m2IKm2I | IQLaSGT_wQwKw RGa/JMSM
q2R6KR zMIKSkl>z>uKqrSG6wKwQwMEHSGTS>#Raj]EPIKJM2R6IKGa>#R SjTS2GaaS~8LaSOEw% 0hR Qh
_hr,w
WB V qR | SGTR6I{j JM>uzMIKS/z2S/m2I{jOI}klST?>hMwKwQw#qR.m2IKGTY
X C S2qR6KR.zIKS_wQwQ(w jTGaS2R6
SOEt>2IKS2GljaR68[Rn < D EZFLHKJLEh>UMS2JAkl>[z/R jaGTSR6Rn mrRGTzS2zRuLTSEw
% QH2hR Qrw
B La>JAklRLaRGTFJMSq2R6KR#zMIKSFq2RSj.JMS2 [RajXYqjTLaSGT?>SFGaSI /zRy<MI{jTLa2S
'i<Rajfj \+)hASq2SM_RajOkl/EH>ejklSEt>GjOIKJMS_z>ejEt>m>YjOsR/jTRGaSKGIKS>
RqFGaRiEH>qrjT>Mw/PnEtGOIKnFR6IKGT>KqrSGThMJMSqR6KRuzMIKS2hM>!MRJM2>GXeqjaLTSGT
SjGaR6}NKqIKSrjzRPRq EH>rm>A2LTSEwf:i% QMh2fw
B ouIKGaj/JMSq2R6KR!zIKS_>J | RajfjTSGiklR68R6IKhM < D EZFLHKJLEwwKwQwoIQGaR6I{jJMS2rq2R6KR
zIKS2_>J | RajfjTSMIT < D EGFIHKJLEPh,IKJMm>LaSMI6>RqJM>nFR2LTSE wy]~ih6ew
B Ga6IQnF>Rajkl>zMIKSz2R < D8EGFLHKJIEPhLa>nF>zRmSrjOklS2a?>m2IKGaz2RSM
z2zSIwewQwKwfI{j >uzMIKS/z2RP < D8EGFLHKJIE%mRnFh,LaGaq2R6KheRLa>nIQJMzMI{JMSa?2>hrRyLa>n
IQJ | KS2nFST?>hR.La>nIQGaS_wwQwKw XeSMKS2GaR6I>/L \qh2R#SrAIklSGaR6ISklRGaGaSzR.jTRq
B1

6e}fKeeefaDf*6fHefe6 
 aaQeA&e"#+$ &
QqrMS2GahJM>/zMIQS!z2SFIKJ | KSnSa?2>/zRqSIKGaSAwMGT6IKn>/Rajkl>/MRqklRn
EH>hR m2IKGT!wQwKwR >ejPzIKSrjJM?2>jTRAEHGa>2K>JMS2Ga?>A2f]~brh,rhr82hew
B MRGTJMS2rq2R6KR/zMIQSqR/RJ | GaSq2RLIKz2SSAKGIQSzRu<SLT>Xw C S2rq2R6KR
zIKS>#2>rnRnm>QmrRGT EHSGaSu>.jaR^q ]2R6I}kl>Gah6R >ejP>2K2>ejwQwQwAEtS2GaS/>SJAkl>
z2GR jaGTSR6w C SqR6KRyzMIKSSrjLOIKzS2zRajzRyGaR | _ AIK>/jTRGa?2>wQwQw/La>nF>SMXeSJA
z2>JMSzSjJMSjTR6KmS2f22h6h,w
B ouIKGaU>SXI}klSJAklRzS I}KS
JMSqR6KRzIKShR6I{jFS
JM>YjfjTSURfTEtRLOklSMk8IKmS
lR Qtbw
BDC S2rq2R6KR zMIQSS2mRGaLOIKJMLa>uLIKz2Sz2Raj JMSklRGaGTS/z>ytAI}kl>h | SMKS2JMz>uLa>n
QMXIK>ejFz2R_SJMS2SJw C S2qR6KRzMIQSh >US}klSGzR < D EGFIHKJLE(RajOklSGa[JM>
nR6IK>MwKwQwPz2>tAI}kl>Mw C Sq2R6KR zMIKSuS2mrRGTq2nFSmRGaRz2Sz2>HAI}kl>EtS2GaSuS
jfjONKGIQSh6"R jTGaS2R6RajOklSGTJM>#nFR6IK>#zSklRGaGTS2f_% 0h_h,w
B ouIKS/zRyklqnFq}kl>heRzRSMklGa>TEHR6K`> 'fLa>JMLaq}klSMk8IQ>rJAIDaj )heR.z2RHEtRG]EPKRf2IKz2SzRh
z2S EHSGklR z2>.MRJM>G~<R>m2IKb OHR6XeS2>kl~l~Kew
BDC S2rq2R6KRzIKSm2I{jOI}klSGT!8< D EGFLHcJLEW>Rf \GTLI}kl>FJMSjuSM}klq2GaSrj6wQwKwR/>ejuGaR6I{j
z2S/klRGTGaS_w~o#RiEt>2I{jzR q2nFSnFq}k8IKz2?>z2RzIKSrjThjTRGT?>m2I{jOI}klS2z>ej6wPJAkl?>
SKqS#jTR RJMGaqMXeRajTLaRGTh6R >.M>2jTR RJMmRG:M>JM2SGa~l2}_l,w
8< D EGFLHcJLEed B zIKGaJMSq2R6KR.zMIQS I{j>/JM>ejfjT>#oRqjahS V q2RnRaj]EtRGTmSM
n>YjThEtS2GaSq2R JM>Yj}IXYRGOklRl,bw
BDC S2rq2R6KRzIKSLaS2JAklSGljTR6RajOklR/L fJAk8IQLa>JMSklRGTGaSz2R#<qz2 g#wQwKwqnS
LOIKzS2zR | >rGOklRAEtS2GaSJMej,2],w
BDC S2rq2R6KRzIKS < D EGFIHKJLE(m2I{jOI}klSGTWLT>n qS Raj]EHSzSAw C SqR6KRzIKSh
GTRaj]Et>JMzR6ISI{jOkl>hq2nFSm2IKJM2SzR m2IKJM2>EtqGT>Al2h2hr82hr]ew
BDC S2rq2R6KRFzIKS8< D EGFLHcJLECOHR6XeS>2kl*jTRGaEH>GFLa>Ga>SUz2R>rGTJMSnFRJAkl>R
EH>GPzMIQSzRnS2]R 0Qew
B PJAkl?2>!>ejjaq2Gaz2>Yjy>qm2IKGT?>hJMS2rq2R6KR#zMIKS2hSjHEHSMKS2mrGTSrjyz>}IKmGa>hAwKwQw/R
JMSjklGaRmSrj>ej>Q>ejz>ejLaRaM>ejmRGa?2>_2lMAi% 0ew
TB h S2mRGa_wQwQw#La>GaGTRJAklRajzR.MqSjJM>/zMIKS/MGTSJMz2R.LaS2GaJAI | IKLIKJMS2hqS2JMz>
Sj#kl>GTGaRajyLaSMIQGa?>h2RSKqez2SKq2S!jTRGaFLT>rn>!SQqez2>jT>2KhJM>zMIQSFRn
q2RH < D EGFIHKJLE}IDMSGS | GaSMklq2GaSuzRPMRqEt>m>AlR Qt},h6w
i 7f7b;97 A^ _ . \MdMT9aM7Te;F^7P96;  df^7t^7f7T^ 9M7 7f9`4@ B oIQGljaR6
uJMSqR6KR zIKS_wQwQw}
j _ . 7 \MdMT9aM7 96;F6^ b B klRGaGTSz2RH< D EGFIHKJLE

6e}fQe,PPefT{f*6:~t,:,'aaQeAke

107

DB C S2rq2R6KR zMIQS/KS2JMaSGT?> | >GTSh6LaSz2S2>rnRn>ejtjTRqjNKz2>Q>YjzR~EtGTSMklS/R


z2R >qGa>A2]_:aw
B MzMIKS'zS'm2IKJMS2JMaS'zR<8D EGFLHcJLEPh#> SJM> z2R*Mq2SrjGaR6klGOI}XeqMIK[Raje
l2W 0ew
B tjfjTSrjzqSj LT>IDjaSj m2IKGT?>Sk8IJMqn(ja/zIKShTEHRGazSzR | I}K2>ejR.m2IKqmRf
82bw
B MUURq/EH>mr>LT>rJM2RLaRGT>!URqJM>nFRh~JMSqR6KRzMIQS_wQwKwPq2h rq2R6KR
q2R | SMQSh6R6I{jO
R SqMIl2r~l6w
B < D EZFLHKJLEU
R!q2JAIKqAwKwQwEtSGTSEtGT>rLOKSnSG/>S2JM>z>XeRJMRiEPQLIkl>zR
<8D EGFLHcJLE*R.>/zIKSzSmIQJMSJMTS!z2R.JM>ejfja>uo#RqrjThEHSGaSLa>JjT>QSG#kl>z>ej
>ejqR LT>GaS2niA:h,w
B MWzIKSFz2SFm2IKJMS2JMaSFRajOklFRn
RqFLa>GaS2a?2>rh2R#mrR6IQ>!>FS2JM>Fz>ej
Rqrj
GTRzRJAkl>GaRaj lT2e~,w
;=<RGaRnIQSrj,@
BDC S2rq2R6KRajzMIKSjThJM?2>WzIKGaR6IDjnSMI{jTh GaLTS zS S}IKSJMTS zR < D EGFIHKJLEw
C SqR6KRklRn#Et>LTSnSGa?2>S<2RGaqrjTSm \n klGT>rJM>z2R/ < D EZFLHKJLEw C SM
q2R6KRajzMIKSj IQGaSuLaSjaSuzRH<q2zEtSGTSSuLaSrjTSuz"R jaGTSR6l2lrhrhr% 0ew
BDC S2rq2R6KRzMIKSAwKwQwEtRGTRLaRGa>/La>GTSa?2>/z>/GTR6IKhR.>/La>GaS2a?2>/z>ej~EtGONKJMLI}
EHRajThRAEHSrjTnFSGT?>#>ejHjaS2LaRGTz>2klRajR >YjEHGa> | R6klSje28bw
B  I{jTh6zMIKSjmrnRnqR S/klRGTGaSEtSrjfjTSGT EH>rGSrjfjT>2KST?>A822ew
B _SIKGa?2>RJAklGTR >ejPq2R LaSRnhJM>#zMIQSzRPjTq2Sm2I{jOI}klST?>A2% 0]ew
B  I{jThMzIKSrj#mn Rnq2Rm2I{jOI}klSGTR6ISkl>z>LIKGTLaqJMLOIKzS2z>zREHGaRiE _ LIQ>_
i_}2ew
BDC >uklRn#EH>z2Sm2I{jOI}klS2a?>#z2R6KRajThEHRGaRLaRGT?>A2f% QHiew
BDC ?2>!2SmRGaFGTRajOkl>Yj EtS2GaSFR6QRajs | S2GaR6Im2IKG.>nFSMrjT>2XeGa(R 'fR6KRaj )JM>FSJM>
z2RPjTqSm2I{jOI}klS2a?2>_2::}ew
B  I{jTh6zMIKSjmrnwKwQwPRnrq2R JM?>.jTR zMIKGTnFSI{j6wKwQw_i,w
BDC S=LaRGam2I RJM?>[JMSrj | SLaRaj >ej>2KS2GaR6IKhyJM> zMIQS zS GaqNKJMS zR6QRaje
% 0iTw
B  I{jTh6zMIKSjmrnwKwQwPRnrq2R zS2GaR6IRajOklRKqMSGEtS2GaSz2RmSrjOklST?>A_bw
n o
n 7:7b;'97 `b^ b;@ o}GaRz2Rn#EPkl>GTqn
R>rGTq?

6e}fQe,PPefT{f*6:~t,:, 
 aTK,qp e"#+$ &
B  I{jTh2zMIKSj.mnwQwKwRnrq2R.jaqjTLI}klS2GaR6IS/o#Sm2IKzFq2nGTRJM>mr>qrjOkl>hMqR
GTR6IKJMSGTFLa>nF> S R6Iw C Sq2R6KRaj.zIKSrjTh,<qz2jTRGTjTSKm>rhMRjTGTSR6MSMXI}
klS2Ga/RnjTRaMq2GaSJMTS_wwQwKwe>rGyI{jfjT>hrR6IDjrq2R.mn>ejzMIQSrj6wKwQw#Rnq2R.JM?>
zIKGa?2>/nFSMIDjwQwQ=w ]2S2GaR6ImIQG>/nFSYjT>2XeGaR.R6KRajyJM>SJM>zSFm2I{jOI}klS2a?>zR6QRajw
wQwQw C > | IKnpz>ejzMIQSrjRJAklRJMzRGTR6I{jLa>n IKJAklR6}I{JMLIKS~l~Khht6h]h
RQw
B  I{jThMzIKSrj#mnwQwQwFRn rq2RjTRGa?2>klGaS,eIKz2>ejwMwQwQw  rlwQwKwMGaS2JMz^R \/RajOklR
zIKSh,RJM?2>S2mRGa/La>nF>uRajOklRewewKwQwaRGah,JMSqR6KRzMIQS_wQwKw#qRyrq2R6XeGaSGTR6I
>MqM>MwQwKwR Srj}I{Sz2qGaSjSGaGTSJMLTSGaR6IblR Qt}2h6 h 0ew
TB h S2mRGaqnzIKSRnqR#LQSnFS2Ga?>>ej.m2I{IKSrjyJM>nF>JAklRz2R | GTSMNKn
G:Mq2R6I}8mr>ejThjTqMXeSnF>ejSAIK?2>th s
LaSrjTSUz2R < D EGFIHKJLEJM>ejfja>o#Rqrj6wPwQwKw
I{jThzIKSrjmnwQwKwRnqR | IKGTnFSGTR6Ieqn(JM>mr>EtS2Lkl>MwewQwKwfI{jThezMIKSj mnwQwKw
Rnrq2RPjTRGaRzI | IQLaSz2SSuLIKz2SzRAEHSGTS. < D EZFLHKJLEyl_Tbrh2h_hR 0ew
B ouIKSrj#mnwQwQwFRn rq2R | IKGTnFSGTR6I_SXe>S/EHSMKS2mGaS_wAwQwKw C Sq2R6KRajuzMIKSjahAR
JMS2qR6KR klRn#Et>h | S2GaR6IMRGTnIKJMSGEHSGaS'o#Sm2IKz(qn GaRJM>m>qjOkl>w
B Sq2R6KRajzMIKSj<2qz#jTRGajTSKm>_2lr~hrb2h2w
B ]2SGTR6ImIQGEtSMQSmGaSjwQwQw*LT>JAklGaSRajOklSLIKz2Sz2R.EHSGaS>nFSMwKwQwUJMS2rq2R6KR
zIKS_w k8IKhEt>G \nFh | S2GaR6IRajTLTSEtS2GPJMS2rq2R6KR zMIQS2]_rhraw
B tjfjTR#zMIKS#EHSGTSF>RJM>G <R2>mIQu OHR6XeS>2klZb7:9d gzMIKSzRum2IKJMS2JMaSh
| SGTm2IKJSJMTSS2>ej.jTRqrjuIKJAIQnI{M>ej6wMwQwKIw M zIKSz2SGaqNKJMS_wQwQwmRnjT>2XeGaR
R6QRajah6>uklRn#Et>#z2Sm2I{jOI}klST?>#zR6QRaje28M_% Qh_w
B >rGLaS2qrjTSz2>zIKSq2R mrRn EtSGTSz2RmrSjOklSGe282,w
B ]2SGTR6IemIQGPja>2XeGaRR6KRewQwKw>uSJM>z2S/m2I{jOI}klST?>MwewQwKw6xM>zS2mIQS/GaRajOklSq2GaSGTR6Ir>
jTRquLaSMk8IQmrR6IQGa>#JM> | IKnz2>ejPzIKSrj,2R 02h6Tw
B ]2SGTR6Irm2IKG.SGaqMNQJMS!jT>XeGTRR6QRaj.JM>klRn#Et>zSmIDjIklSa?2>!z2R6KRaj6wwQwKw_SMI}
GT?>/jTRqrj2>mrRJjyJMSrj EtGTSTSrjThRukl>z>FmS2Ga?>zRqRGTGaSFjTRGaLa>GklS2z>
JMS2qR6KRzMIKSAw.wQwKw C > | IQn z2>ejzMIQSrjGaRajOklS2qGaS2GaR6I#> LaSMk8IQmrR6IQGa>A 9a`97
8MAv 0hrhw
BDC S2rq2R6KRajzMIQSrjR.JMS2rq2R6KR#klRn#EH>MwKwQw#m2IKGa?2>/>Yj | IK>ejyz(R jTGTSR6wQwKwR>ej
| I}K2>YjzRF<2qz/q2JAklSnFRJAklRewQwQwRXeqjaLTSGT?> < D8EGFLHKJIEvjaRq
oRqj6wwQwKw
C SqR6KRajyzMIQSrjyRJMS2qR6KRuklRn#EH>wQwQwXeqrjTLaS2GljaR68FSIQJAIK wMIKz2SzR#z2`R j
GTSR6Kh,RJM?2>jTRS2La2SGaAwewQwKw IezR6QRajahTEH>rGTqR.mR6IK>/>/zIKS!z2R6KRajTh>klRn#Et>
z2RPjTqSm2I{jOI}klS2a?2>_2 QthR Qh2h_w
B VASMIKz2Sz2R.R6KSrj jT?2>rh>2XeGaSzR#RJMS2JM>ejah2JM>FklRnEt>zSFm2I{jOI}klS2a?>zR6QRajah
EHRGaRLTRGa?>A2_T% 0ew

P6,fQeePPefTD:6ft,fe'aTKeA#+$e

107

;=RqMIQR6l@
B M | IKnmRnFh> | IKnmrRnwKwQw/VARnSFnFS2JM?!jT>2XeGaRuk8IwQwKwV_Rn>klRn#EH>rh
RajOklEtGa62IKnF>>zMIQSzRklqnFq}kl>MwwKwQw IDj/>zIKSh~R6I{j/qRmRnFh_jTSMIQqS
nSJM?2h | K>GaRajTLaRqSmSGTShMMRGTnIKJM>qSmIQ>QJMLIKSAw_wQwKw _2RaMS>zIKSh
LTRaS!>klRn#EH>MwKwQw.jT>XeGTR#kl>zSSjTqSnFq}k8IKz?2>MwrwQwQw C RnS#EHGaSklSFJMRn
>/>q2Ga>/>ej | S2Ga?>/RajTLTSEtS2GJM>/zIKSzSIKGaSzR 8< D EGFLHcJLE.82lh6h~% Qh_]h
6w
P b^; 2 d 89 ^@ B mIDja?2>!q2RR6QRmuSLa>JAklRLTRGazRiEH>IDj#zRunFqMI}
kl>ejzMIQSrjOsEHSGTS/klRn#EH>YjK>JNKJMq>ejR6KRAEtGT> | R6k8I S~]~2Tw
BDC ?2>EtRGanSJMRLaRGT?> | IKGanFRajJMS/Mq2RGaGTShJM>!zIKSFz2SIKGaSzR < D EGFIHKJLE.
]~Kew
B xMqh [NKnEPIK>[klGTSrj]EtSjfjaS2z>hAEtGONKJMLI EtRz2/R jTGTSR6KhLaqi>[zMIKS=mrRnhJM>
klRnEt>#z> | IQnzSIKJAIK wMIKz2Sz2Rl_T}w
B LIKz2SzR#qR#z2RGaGaS2nFSF>/jTSJMq2RRnjTRqnR6IK>h6EtSGTSrq2RmRJMS>
jTRqklRn#EH>sPR | I 6RajOklRSEHGa>62IKnFSG#>ej#zIKSrjTh6EtS2GaSqR/mRJMSS>ejklRqrj
S2JM>eje2lr~}2h,w
BDC ?2>jaRGT!JM>/zIKSRnqR.Rqk8IKGTSGzR6KRajS | >GaTYS X C SqR6QRzIKSFm2IKGT
Sk8Ir>/q2R.RajTLaSEHSGThaEHSGTSklR#zSGIKJ | >GanSa?2>!Rn klRqj.>q2mIQz>ej6w C SM
q2R6KRzIKSFjaRGTSMXeRGklSSklqSXe>LaSLa>n >FqRRajTLTSEt>q~Pl2}e2hrh
2Tw
BDC S2rq2R6KR zIKS | SGTR6I!LaGTRajaLTRG q2n LaI | GTREtSGTSSLaSrjTSzx
R jaGTSR6l
l_}_bw
B SnRJAklSMyI r 2hzIK S rhEH>2I{jRajklEtGT2IKnF>u>zIKS/zR < D EGFIHKJLEPhEtGa62IKnF>
>zIKSz2R# < D EGFIHKJLEPhAzMIKSzR/JMq2mrRnhklRn#EH>zSrjuJMS2 [Raj#jaRGT_wQQ C SM
q2R6KR zMIKS#jTSMIKGT?>#zR IKn>ejnFRJjTSrMR6IQGa>ej,lR Qt}2h2h,w
BDC >#zMIQSRnqR 2>qmRGaRajzR z2RajTLaRGPS2>uIKJ | RGTJM>_2l~:ew
B  I{jTh,XeqrjTLaS2GaR6I:
RqGaR6XeS2JM>MwKwQwJM>zIKSRnrq2R R6KR RajOklSGT/JM>nFR6IK>uz>
GTR6XeSJM>MwQwKwR>ejuSGTGaR6XeSMklS2GaR6I_z2Rkl>rz2>ej>ejKqMSGTRaju>rJMz2R | >GaS2nzMIDj
EHRG:jT>ejThJM>#zMIQSzR JMq2mRnR zR RajTLaq2GIKz2?>A2]2fh2],w
BDC >/zIKS!RnqR.m>ejyklRGaR6I2}IKn#EHSz>/z2R#kl>zSjSrjm>ej:jTSjyIKJAIK wMIKz2Sz2Raje
l_}ew
B Ga> | R6k8I 6SRzMI R C >FzIKSRnq2R>FnFRqEt>m2> jTGaS2R6jTR/SrjfjTRJAklSGT
Rn jaRaqGTSJMaS2hJM?>jTSMXeRGa j X/QK C SEt>ejOklRGIKz2SzRz>ejzMIKSjklR | SGTR6I
LT>JMzqe,IKzG s/[IKJM2SklRGTGaSAwMKQ C Sq2R6KRzIKShAJM>zMIKSRnqR >em2IKGT

6e}fQe,PPefT{f*6:~t,:, 
 aTK,q#+#e"#+$ &
Tj >2XeGaRSklRGaGTS_w C >
Rq#R6K>hJM> | >e>/zR.nIQJMSIKJ | KS2nFST?>hejTR.JM?>
JMRajOklR zIKSh,klRGauSm2IKz2>#qnvGaSJMz2RklGaRnF>GzRyklRGaGaSjT>2XeGaRSklRGaGTS/zR
jTGaS2R6llR0i2h2rhr%0h26w
B  I{jqRmrRnwKwQwRaj:jTRzMIKS/z2Rq2R | SMKR6Iw,KQaMRGT/JMSqR6QRzIKS/qRzSGTR6I
S >eq2nQqrMS2G zR jTRiEtqMQLaGa>uJMSklRGaGTS/zAR jTGaS2R6}swKwQwHEHSGaSqR.SLaSjTS
z2GR jaGTSR6ejaSI}XeS!q2R PqhAZl7  g8< D EGFLHcJLE*jTRq/oRqjThzRajTz2RS2qR6KR#zMIQS
RnzMIKS2JAklRl_W 0h2fw
;=oS2JAIKR6l@
B o#RqrjJM>/L \qGaRmR6K>qF>ejjTRaGaRz>ej6wQwKw/q2RjTRGTF> | qMklq2Ga>JMS#Et>ejOklRGI}
z2Sz2R z>ejzMIKSje2l}R 0ew
B _2RaM>q>uklRn#EH>Rnrq2R >ejtjTS2JAkl>YjLT>rJjT>2}IKz2SrjfjTRn>#GaR6IKJM>A22}r,w
B klRJMzRewQwKw~EH>rGTqRS/mIDja?2u> \~EtS2GaS>klRn#Et>/z2> | IKnwQKTouI{jfjTRrI{jThq
klR | SGTR6IjTSMXeRGqS \> | qklqGT>JMSRf2klGaRnIKz2Sz2R!z2SIKGaS2hEt>Gaq2R!JM>
klRnEt>/RajOklSMXeR6KRLOIKz>/jTRGaF> | IKnw m2I{jT?2>!z2SklSGTzR#R#zSFnFS2JM?AwKwQ^w \
mRGTzSz2R6s_klqAwKwQw>rLTqM}klSuSm2I{jT?>hEt>Gaq2RPjaRGT EHSGaSunFqMIkl>YjzMIKSj,M% 0h
hw
B V~IKnEtSGTSklR | S,RGuRJAklRJMzRG>qRjT>2XeGaRm2IKGTS>klRqEt>m>JM> | IKn
z2>ejPzIKSrjThEt>2I{jSm2I{jT?2{> \ SIKJMzSEtS2GaSzIKSrj,2f% QHi2h2ew
B MPj#RJAklRJMzMIKz2>ejwQwQw!jTRGa?2>#EtGT>rmS2z>ejTh6EtSGTSFjaRGTRn(Etq2GI | IKLaS2z>ejuR}IKn
EH>ejah2SMvk \#>klRn#Et>z> | IKnhEt>2I{j \#SMIKJMz2S#EtS2GaSF>klRn#Et>FRajOklSXYR6QRLIKz2>_
% Qt},ew
BDC S2rq2R6KRklRn#EH>jTq2G:AIQGa! I{Mq2R6KhA>GaS2JMzREtGONKJMLI EtRhArq2RjTREt>ejOklS
Rn | Sm>GPz2RklRqEt>m>heRjTRGT/qnklRn#Et>uzRSJ _ jOk8IKSklSMeLT>rn>JMqJA
LTS/RfIDjk8IQqhez2Rajaz2Rq2R2>rq2mRJMS2a?>Mw C RajfjaRklRn#Et>h2klSn X \nFhejTRGa}I}
XeRGOkl> > klRqEH>mr>h#kl>z2> Sq2R6KR*q2R*jTRUSLTSG
IKJjTLaGOI}kl> JM>'}IKmGT>_
]~iw
B xMqhToS2JAIKR6Kh6LaRGaGTSSjMEHSMKS2mGaSrjTh6RPjTR6KS>u}IKmGT>SMvk \>/klRnEt>z2> | IKnweQK

SrjzRajTzR>/klRn#EH>Rn(qR.z> 'jTSLTGI | NKLIK> ).La>JAk8NKJMq2> | >GGaRnF>m2IKz>hR


Rf2I{jOk8IKGS SXe>rnIKJMST?>[zRmSrjOklS2z>GaS2h2SmRGa=nI}Khzq,RJAkl>ejRJM>
mRJAklSzMIQSrj6wMKQ6RmSJAklS2GarjJMSklq2SjT>GklR/JM> | IQnz>ejuzMIKSj,P]h~rh
fhr8,w
;|Mj \6IKSje

6e}fK,eefTY{f*6fHefe6'rTaQeA#%}P,

;=<>R6l

107

B ]2SGTR6I | IKJMzS2G.>!GTR6IKJM>zSFLTSrjTSFzR(jTGaSR6w C Sq2R6KR#zMIKS2hqR6XeGaS2GaR6I>


S2GaLT>z2R"jTGTSR6w6KQ GaSJMz2R"'jTRGT) >zIKSz2R"jTGTSR6~T2f:hThr:w
BDC S2rq2R6KRFzIKS_wQwKw[LTS2nFSGTrj,URqUSGOIKz>MwHQKY]2SGTR6ItLT>rn R6KRajqnS
S}IKS2JMaSJMS2qR6KR zIKS_w6KQ C SqR6QR zMIKSuzSGTR6I>qm2IKz2>Yj,2]~rhrc0h_w
B xM>rGTJMSGT?>>ej | I}K2>ej zRAjaGTSR6Kh,R.XeqrjTLTSGa?2>.< D8EGFLHKJIEo#Rqrj6wQwKwRSo#SM
m2IKzu>.jaRquGaR6IwQwQwPJM> | IQnz>ejzMIKSj,l~Kew
B  I{jTh6JMSqR6QRajPzIKSrjTh6R JMSqR6QRklRn#Et>h6rq2R >ejPGTRajOklSqGTSGTR6Il8'X.)fw
B fzRheR.m>2}klRnF>28JM>ej~EtSGTS8< D EGFLHcJLEwQwKw#JM>ejm2IKm2I | IQLaSGT!z2RiEt>2I{jz2R.z>2I{j
zIKSrjThMRuJM>klRGaLTR6IKGa>JM>ejKRmSJAklSGThAR/m2IKmRGaRnF>ejuzMIKS2JAklR/z  KRi_ih
,w
B VAn>ejzMIKSjPz2Sm2I{jOI}klS2a?>h6mn>ejPzIKSrjz2SGaR6klGOI}XeqMIKT?>A2ATw

B h2zMIKSr}hEH>GaqR#RajOkl#EtGT6IKn>!>zMIKSzR< D EGFIHKJLEPhMRum2IKGazRuLa>nF>
q2nFSz2RmSrjOklST?>#zRPLaS2zz2SMIl2f:ew
B VARn>/zIKS!z2R < D EZFLHKJLEhrRajOklyEtGT2IKnF>/>zMIQSFzRuklGaRmSj.R#zR#RajTLaq2GI}
z2?>h/zMIQSzR JMq2mRn R zR >2XjTLaqGOIKzS2zRewKQ GaSJMz2R \ >(zMIKSzR
<8D EGFLHcJLEPh6R nFqMIeklRGTGNKmR6Kh6R qRn>.jTqEH>GklS8G Xl~ih2h2fw
B M>2XeGaR>ejPjTRGam>ej RRajTLaGTSm>ej zRGTGaS2nFSGTR6IYJMS2qR6KRajzMIKSj >.URqRaj]EPN}
GOI}kl>MwQK= MWjT>jTR/kl>GaJMS2GaRn$klGaRmSrjThMRSKq2SRn jTSJqRhMS2JAklRaj#qR
mRJM2S>#zMIKSuzRH < D8EGFLHKJIEPhGaS2JMzR RklRGaGONKmR6l2]~}Mh_w
BDC S2rq2R6KRaj#zIKSrjThMRJMS2qR6KRklRn#Et>MwQwKwLa>JMGTRaMSGTR6I_kl>z2SrjuSrjuJMS [Rajw
HjklyEtGT6IKn>/>/zMIKSzR 8< D EGFLHcJLEwKQ La>JAklRLaRGT!JMS2rq2R6KR.zIKS!q2R>ej
n>rJAklRajz2Rajk8IKSGT?>#nF>ejOkl>_2lh22h2% 0ew
;|MXeSzIKSrj,
BDC S2rq2R6KR zMIQS_wQwKw | S2GaR6IEHRGaRLaRG>ejtjTXrIQ>Yjz2RHPz>nw C ?>uklR SKRaMGTSmSrj
jT>2XeGaRZb9a`97fgihrJM>/zIKSz>/SJAIQ wI}KS2nFRJAkl>!z2R6KRaj6wKwQw C >zMIQSFzSFS2J _ jk8IQS
z2R6KRaj6w_QQ>2I{juRajklEtGT2IKnF>>zMIQSzR#8< D EGFLHcJLEWjT>2XYGTRkl>zSrjuSj/JMSM
 [Raje28mrRGfj6G
w 0hr]hr]2h2hrew
; nYj,
B MzR La>GTSa?2> | >GklRewQwKw | qAIKGTJMquJMSqR6KR zIKS2lw

7fdf^9a`b9  e d99a`8,^7f7;v97 A^ _ 6 \MdMT9aM7

P6,fQeePPefTD:6ft,fe 
 TaQeA# e#%$ &
BDC >uzMIKS/Rn(qRR6IezRm2I{jOI}klSG SjAEHGaRmSGOIKLaS2[Raj z2RqjTGaSR6jT>2XeGaR.R6KR
l~i,w
B Iz>ejqR z2RajaR}OSn>#zMIQSzRH<8D EGFLHcJLEw V q2RjTRGaEHSGTS/mrej>zMIQS/zR
<8D EGFLHcJLE`XM KRPjTRGTzRyklGaRmSj RJM?>z2R.Qqerw C ?2>jTRGa/z2R.klGTRmS/>zMIQS
z2R8< D EGFLHcJLEPhRJM?>z2RKqeI X.vz2RFRajTLaq2GIKz2?>hHRFJMRJMq2n Raj]EPKRJMz2>G
JMR6Q R Xc 0hR Qrw
B SnRJAklSGa?2>F>ej#L f2JAk8IKLa>ej#JM>klRn#EK>JMSqR6QR/zMIKSAw C S2qR6KR/zIKS*wQwKw
| SGTR6IqR >.jTRAEt>JMSuS>#nFR6IK>28zMIKSsR RajTLaq2GaRLTRGaR6ISklRGaGaSuJMqn(zMIQS/zR
Qqerw C SqR6QRzIKSFSj.m2IKGfMRJj | >GanF>ejTSrjyzRajTnFSIKSGT?>R#>Yj2>mRJj#klR6
GT?>.jTRzR2% 0}2heh2],w
BDC S2rq2R6KR.zIKS!RGfMq2RGaR6IrSjyklRJMzSjLaSMNQzSrjz2R o#Sm2IKz_w I{jyrq2R#mrn>ej
zIKSrj6wQwKwEtS2GaSurq2R >ejPn>rJAklRajz2Rajk8IKRnnF>ejOkl>Ai_fihraw
Pn=[IKqL\6IQSrj,
BDC S2rq2R6KRzMIKSAwKwQwjaRKS2nFRJAklSGT_wQwKw[Rn SrjfjT>QSa?2> | >nF>ejSrjfjT>2KSz2>eje
l~,w
BDC > | IQnz>ejuzMIKSj#jaRGT>nF>JAklR/zSLaSjaSzRu < D EGFIHKJLE RajOklSMXeR6KRLOIKz>
EH>GPLaSXeRaSz2>ejPn>rJAklRaj6w C >#zMIKSAwKwQw6qJAklS2GaR6ISurq2R La>6R6IKS2~ih,w
BDC S2rq2R6KRzMIKSAwKwQw S2JAIK wMI}KS2GaR6IP>ejklRqrjLaSmSK>ejwQwQw R>YjklRqrjLTSGaGT>eje
% Qrw
B VARn >zIKS*z2>ejklRqrjRaj]EPmI [RajThHzRklq2S*m2I{jOI}klS2a?2>w oIKS
rq2RSmSJMTS
EHSGTSRzMI | IKLTSGPSjnFqGTSMK2Srj6w C Raj:jTR zIKSSvk \k8Im2IKGa~8hrfh,w
; h SMXeS2Laqq2R
B m2I{jT?/> \/SMIKJMz2S/EHSGaSqnpklRnEt>nFSGTLaS2z>h_RjTRGTSJMqJMLOIKSz2>JM>
| IKnswKwQw!jTRuzRnF>GaS2GahARaj]EtRGaS>h,Et>Gaq2R/mIQJMz>m2IKGa2h_JM?2>z2RnF>GaS2Ga
l~,w
B < D EZFLHKJLEwKwQw#JM>/nFR6IK>/z2>YjS2JM>ej | Se6R.Sxq2S!>2XeGaSs JM>/nR6IK>/z>ejSJM>ej
| Se6R6SuLa>JMRLOIKzSAwKwQwo#Rqrjm2IKGT2]~}ew
; M> | >JAIKSje
B tjOklEtGT6IKn>>zIKS/zR < D EZFLHKJLEw C >zMIQS/z>jTS2LaGI | NKLOIK>/zR 8< D EGFLHcJLE
m2I{jOI}klS2GaR6I>ejEtGONKJMLI EtRajTheR>Yj | I}Q>ej z2>GaR6Iw C SqR6KRzMIQS_wQwKwS2mRGa/m>6
z2R.LQSnF>Gw C SqR6KRklRn#Et>/RfSnIQJMSGaR6I6<RGaqjTSMm \nLa>nKS2JAklRGaJMSjw
Ga62IKnF>FRajOkl>!GaSJMz2RzIKSzR.8< D EGFLHcJLEw/ouIKSzRIKJ | KSnFS2a?2>jTRGT
RajfjTR/zMIQSMs zMIKSzR/SJ _ jOk8IKSR/zR/SEHRGkl>2szIKSzRSrjfjT>2KST?>RzRzR6

6e}fK,eefTY{f*6fHefe6'rTaQeA# ,

107

mSjklS2a?2>szIKS!z2R#klGaRmSjR.zR.RajTLTqGIQz?>2szMIQSFzR#JMqmRnR#zR#>2XjTLaqM
GOIKzS2zR6szIKS[zRXeq,eIKJMS[Rz2RLOKSJ>rG6w C >
zMIKS[zS=IKJ | KSnSa?2>[zR
<8D EGFLHcJLEPhjTRGaLa>JjTqnIKzSkl>zSSklRGaGTShAR | SGTR6I_SEHGaRajfjTSz2SLa>JjTqM
nSa?2>#zRkl>z>ej>ejP2SMXI}klS2JAklRajPz2S/klRGTGaS B f: h 0hYrh% QMh]hi2hhrh
% 0ew
WB V qSJMz2>SMIKJMz2S*JM?2>mR6IK>jT>XeGTRFmYj6wQwKw[>zIKSUz2S[IKGaS
zR < D EGFIHKJLEw
xMSMQmrRfm>YjRajTLa>JMz2RGaR6I{jJM>#zMIKSuzSIKGaSuzRH < D EZFLHKJLEyl~2hew
B tj]EtRGTSMI}}URewQwQwSvk \q2RjTRyKRmSJAklR>nFRq/zIKSEtS2GaS/SEtGTRajTShfEH>IDGj \.>

RqqN >Mw C Sq2R6KR/zMIKSJM?> klR!RJMmRG:>JMSGTrj6wQwKwzRklqSj/>2XeGaSjw


C SqR6KRzMIKSjTRFzMIKGTUS<RGTqrjTSMT \n C ?2>UklRnSrj6w[2klRGanIQJMSGaR6IP>ej
klRqj>aEHGaRajfjT>GaRaj JMS2qR6KRyklRn#Et>Mw C S2rq2R6KRyklRn#Et>umr>ej | SGTR6IemIQGw C SM
q2R6KRFklRnEt>m>ej/LT>JMGaRaSGTR6IKhEt>GTrq2RFm>ejzSGTR6IEH>rGJM>nFRFR#EH>G
Q>rq2m>rG,l~ifhrh2hR Qw
;xOHSLaS2GIKSj,
B PJAkl?2>jTR SiqJAklS2Ga?>#nFqI}klSrjJMS2 [RajS. < D EZFLHKJLEJMSqR6KR zIKS2lfw
TB S Rn>rmRGTR6IrSIKJAIK wMIKz2Sz2R.zSklRGaGTSwQwKwRnqnjT!zIKS_w C SqR6QRzIKSh
LOKSnSGaR6IDjah6qnmrS2Ga?2>S2>jTRq/La>n#EHSJM2R6IKGa>hjT>2XS/m2IKz2R6IKGaS/R jT>X#S | I}
qR6IKGTS2]~brhr% Qrw
BDC S2rq2R6KRajzMIQSrj6wKwQwEtRaMS2Ga?2>!z2RfmSG [RajyJMSF>GKSzSFmRajOklR#zR#qnmSM
GT?>Mq2zRq2+ 0,w
B < D EZFLHKJLEo#Rqrj>Yj~EHGaRajTRGamS2GazR6KRajJMS2rq2R6KR.zIKS!LT>nF>/S>/GTR6XYS2JM>
z2RPMRqEt>m>_2i_6w
FMA^^a`}b^ ^ B | >2IGa>n#EIKzSuJMSqR6QR zMIKS~fTfw
BDC S2rq2R6KRzMIKSEH>rGTR6It<2RGaqrjTSm \n LT>nF>EtRz2GaSEtRajTS2zSEtS2GaS=kl>z>U>
EH>mr>Mw C Sq2R6KR/zMIKSAwKwQw | RGIQGaR6Ikl>z>LTSmSMK>La>npRaj]EtSJAkl>Mw C S2rq2R6KR
zIKSEt>GTR6IY>ej}NKzRGTRaj z2RP<q2z/LT>rn> | >GTJMSMK2S/zR | >eM>/JMSKRJMSAw C SM
q2R6KRFzMIQShA < D EGFIHKJLE
EtGa>2klRaRGa>Yj2SMXI}klS2JAklRajzR/<RGTqrjTSMT \nw C SM
q2R6KR#zMIKS#EHGa>Laq2GaS2GaR6IzRajOklGTqMIKG#kl>z2SrjySrj#JMS2 [Raj6w C S2rq2R6KRzIKSLaGTRaj
LTRGau>PEHGaS2JAkl>Rn <RGaqjaSm \n2f]~}h6h,r8h 0h,rhr:w
BDC S2rq2R6KR.zIKSjTRGT!SXYRGOklSFqnS | >JAklREtS2GaSFSFLTSrjTSFz2Ro#Sm2IKzRPEHSGTS
>ejuSXI}klSJAklRajuzR#<2RGaqrjTSm \nw LT>JAklRLaRGaJMSqR6QR/zMIKSAwKwQwqRSJAI}
wI}KSGTR6Ir>ejJM>nFRajz>ejyNKz2>2K>ejJMSFklRGTGaS_w C SqR6KRyzMIKS>ejHEHGa> | R6klSjjTR
RJMmRGfM>JMS2Ga?>A2f]~8ew

6e}fK,eefTY{f*6fHefe6 
 aTKeA#a!Pe#%$ &
B  I{jqRmrRn(>uzMIKS/z2RP < D8EGFLHKJIEwtjOklSGa?2>/>ej MRqrj~"E \ajThrJMS2qR6KR.zIKSh
Tj >2XeGaR>
>rJAklRzSj(M}IKmR6IKGTSrj6w C SqR6QRzIKS/JM?>uSmRGTKqe.JMRnRaj
EKRJMz>G6wKwQwPnzIKSFqR.jTRGaFLT>JMRLIQz>zR< D EGFIHKJLE sHJM?>zMIKS2hMJMRn
JM>2I}klRhAEHSGTSW> klRn#Et>[zS klSGTzRS2mRGa Qqerw C S2rq2R6KRzMIQSWjTSMIKGT?>
Mq2Srj#m2IKmSrjzR.<2RGaqrjTSm \nw C SqR6KRuzMIKS < D8EGFLHKJIE jTRGaq2nFhMRRq
JM>nFRyqnw C S2qR6KR.zIKSSmRGTGaSJMz2R#klqnqM}kl>zR < D EZFLHKJLEw C SM
q2R6KRUzMIQSvRajOklSGTjT>2XeGaR[>ejULOIKJMLaRGTGa>ej
z>ejULTSmSMQ>Yj,/MSJAk8IQzSz2R[S
8< D EGFLHcJLEw C ?>F2SmRGanFSI{j#LaS2JMSJMRqJMSLaSjaSz2R# < D EGFIHKJLEwQwKwJMSM
q2R6KR zMIKS~h2he2h2]2hR QA]_w
;[USMQSqMIKSj,
WB V qRnvjTqEH>GklSGT>#zMIQSzRPRqS2zmRJAkl>hR qRnjTqMXjOI{jOk8IKGTheqS2JMz>
SOEtS2GaRLaR8G XSGTSqRjTR}S2n(EtS2GaS! IKnFhJMSqR6QR/zMIKSrq2R | S2a>h_q2n
klRajT>qGT>Mw IDjPq2R mrRnqnzIKSqR S2Gaz2R La>nF> | >GaJM>Mw~ I{jrq2RPq/mr>ej
RJMm2IK>#}IKSrjTh>EtGT> | R6klSh2SJAklRajyqR#mRJMSF>/MGTSJMzR#RuklRGaGONKmR6zMIKSzR
8< D EGFLHcJLE.2]~}hresMha,w
;=oS2mIQz
B ]K>GaRajTLTRGaJMS2qR6KR zIKS>Mqjkl>heRnFqI}klSEtS,rwQwKwRz>nIKJMS2Ga/zRnFS2G
SunFSGThR z2>#GIK>#SMvk \ > | IKnzSklRGaGTS2]SMKnF>#~6 h 0ew
`6; 9  d 7 ` M ^d97
97 ^7^7f7T^ 9M7TY9a` b^ 9#M9a` 96; 2 7f99 9 9 ^ c,9 iF
9M dT\M9a` ^  96;/  9 d9acY^ _ 9/97f d   9 M7f di ^ 9
 # 9P` MO 6 9 9ac^7 ^7 2 6  bb; ^ L ^ 9 e 9y^I}`b^6;!9 i2 7f9
9 9 9 ^ ce9 i/2F 9M dfr ^ 2F `9 7:9dib^;F^a7 MM9: 2 96 ^Ob
^ 2 A^ ^/;F^a7.d97 ^7:7f9 ^ 8 d9i^Y\9a` b^Td 9a` A 9ddi}ce9a` _ 9b`b^5
;F^  2 9df^ 9 i ; ` i2 ~ 9/c7 ^7 2 9F7T^ad}b:  t 9Fd9 di} b5
7 2 2 9u^ > 7 b^  9 9ddf^ 9 9u:`b^6; d 7f9u9 9 9 ^ ce9 iF2 965
M d_^df^ ` ^6;!9 i .\M9a` b^96; 97 ;!9 G9 I 
8F7:9d 9 ^a` ^ 2
96;( 9u7f9d  ;9 9 ;!9 ; 96; 9iA^Oc,9d  ;d9 c `9 I 
8
96; Mdf^.9 .` db^ 96; 9#l` d97:T9d . 7 i2 96; 9#c6}clO^d 6 96;( 9
7f^d 7:9 d9aA^M 2 96; 9#i^d^ ;^ cY^^a`}b^ ^ 296; 9u 7.; A5
97 97 `b^d  ; 7 i2 H96; 97T^ad  6 ^7c6}cY^7 9 9d 7T^O`6; 96; 9
`A^d  A^df^ 9 7 9 7:d^9a` 9/; ^7. 7a^7#7f96;!9a`A^ 97aM7f9/9 9 9
^ c,9 iF 9M d^d^M7 ^ df^d ;F^ c^ d9i^6 9d9 MM9 ^/ ;
: 9 9 i d9 ^a`}cY^ 2 da
.1

P6,fQeePPefTD:6ft,fe'aTKeA#+@,

107

1
\ r 9657f9^Td97fa9 ^d.^97 ^7#^O` ;F^7^7f7T^ 9M7. 9i^a`b^6;;^O7u^aM9df5
^6;!9 9 7 Md9 ^ c,9 i2u 9M df6^7H ^a7H7 @
B M*MRJM2>rGnFRajTnF>/m>ejzqn(jIQJMSMl I{jyqR#SFm2IKGfMRnLa>JMLTR6XYRGTFR
EHSGOIKGaq2
n ]IK>hRLa2SnFS2GljaR68MRqJM>nFRuo#Rqrj/LT>JM>YjTLT>_8w=. jTS_w
2isY
SMkw:2h,w
B Pn
RJAIKJM>JM>ejJMSjTLaRqhAqn | I}K2>FjaRJM>ej/z2Rqh_jT>2XeGaRLaqO>>nXeGa>
RajOkl>#EHGIKJMLOI EtS2z>2sPRLTSnSGljTR6FRqJM>nFRUS2GaSm2I}Q>ejT>rhMLT>JjaR6
QR6IKGT>rhHo#RqrjTh h RGa2IKhSMIz2S R6klRGaJAIQzSz2RhGNQJMLI EHRzSEHSew SGTS
nqM}k8I E}IKLTSGP>EHGIKJMLOI EtS2z>#R S EHSeh6JM?>#2SmRGa | IKnFhjT>2XeGaR>/klGa>JM>uzR
o#Sm2IKz2heR ja>2XeGaR jTRq/GaR6IKJM>hfEHSGTS/>RajOklSMXeR6KRLTRGwQwKwRnqMN >RRnqrjOk8I}
TSh6zRajTzR SM>GaSuRAEtS2GaSjTRn#EHGaR jTSAw AKh,w
B MSIKGaq2nFSmrS2GaSz>klGT>rJMLT>zR/<2Raj:j \hHRFq2n GaR6XeRJAkl>z2R!jTqSGaSMI
z2SGT | GaqMkl>MwQwKw S RiEt>qrjTS2Ga/ja>2XeGaR KR#>!Raj]ENKGI}kl>zR < D8EGFLHKJIEPhRaj]EPNQGI}kl>
z2RjTSMXeRz>GIQSR/zRIQJAklR6}I{MJMLOIKShARaj]EPNKGOI}kl>zR/LT>rJjTR6K2>R!z2R!m2IKGOklqzRew
wQwQw qrjOk8IKTSFjaRGT>FLIKJAkl>z>ej.MRqjuK>nXe>ejThMR/SmRGaz2SzR/>LOIKJAkl>zR
qSjLa>6rSj6w/wKwQw La>JAklRLaRGThOEt>2I{jThJMS2rq2R6KR#zMIKS2hqR#Sj.JMS2 [Raj#Xeqj
LTSGT?>SFGaSI zR<Rajfj \hq2RRajOkl#EHSGTS!jOIKJMSMz2>Yj Et>m>ejOstR.jTRGa>FGaR6
EH>qrjT>#SMq2SKGIKS~. jTSAwyf:ih2hahr% Qrw
B PJMm2IKSIr>_>Gaz2R6IKGa>/z2>/z>nIKJMS2z>GzSklRGaGaS2hzRajTzR.SyEtRz2GaS2haEHSGTS!>
z2RajTRGkl>hSvk \S2>!n>rJAklR#z2S | I}QSzR#AIK?2>wwKwQw ]IQGanFS2z>FRajOkl>klGa>JM>
EHR6KS/nI{jTRGOIKLaGazIKSh,RjTRSrjfjTRJAklSGa/JMR6QRRnmrRGTzS2zR.JM>klSXYRGTJMLTqMK>
z2R/o#Sm2IKhHqn rq2RPq{MSRXeqrjTLaS>.qN >hHRFqRFSOEtGTRaj:jTSSqjk8IQaS
. jaSAwyAihTew
B ouIKGljTR6JMSqR6KR/zIKSA I{juS2rqI_>JM>ejfjT>Fo#RqrjThSqRnpRaj]EtRGTmSM
n>YjThTEtS2GaSqR.JM>ejy}I}XeRGOklSrjfjTR6s S2qMIRajOkl/ < D EZFLHKJLEhSFqRnRaj]EHRGaM
mS2nF>ejs/RfSM}klRnF>28JM>ejRJM>ejSKRaMGTRnF>ejRn Mq2S jaSKmST?>A/. jTS_w
,bw
B VA>6z>qR#LKS2nFSFJM>zRajTRGkl>AMGTRiEtSGTR6IqnLTSnIKJM2>FS < D EGFIHKJLEPh
SOEPKS2JMSMIeJM>RGTnF>q2nFS/mRGaRz2S/S>JM>ejfjT>.o#Rqrj6w/wQwKw>2I{j jTRGaGaRmR6KSM
z2S!S/AQrGOIKSzR < D8EGFLHKJIEPhR#kl>zSS!LTSGaJMRymrRGT? > TqJAklS2nFRJAklRew!wQwQw  IDjah
>#MRJM2>rGH<2R>m2IK/mRnRn | >GaTShR.>RqFXeGaS2a>/z2>rnIKJMSGT.EH>rG KR6s
R6IDj.S!qSFGTRLa>n#EHRJjaSLa>JjOI{M>MwFwQwKw _>nF>>.EHSrjOkl>G.SEHSrjTLaRJAklS>!jTRq
GTR6XeSJM>A2y jTS_w QH2hThrc QMhr:w

 `b^ b;F97 9Pce9di 97 ` df^O`c,9d 2 Zlm2IKz2R6XeqJAklgf

6e}fK,eefTY{f*6fHefe6 
 aTKeA#+&e"#+$&
B MURqu KR6I}kl>h2Rnrq2RnS[IQJMSFSKnFS!jTR#SEHGaSewFwQwKw Pqh, < D EGFIHKJLEPh
Mx RLaS2nFR6IeRnqrjOk8IKTShwQwKwRyxRzS2GaR6IfEt>GSM}IQSJMaSS>EH>mr>hRHEH>rGyKq,
sjJMS[rRajOs2EtSGTSFSMXeGOIKG.>ej.>2K2>ej.S2>YjyLaRa>ejahOEtS2GaSk8IKGTSG.z2>!LTGTLaRGaR#>
I{MS2z>h_z2SLTSrjTSzSLOKSqjaq2GaS>ej/q2RjTRSrjfjTRJAklSnpRn klGaRmSrj6wPqh
<8D EGFLHcJLEPhRajOkl9R \>
RqJM>nFR6sPS/ IKJMSFAQrGOIKSS>rqklGa>FJM?2>FzS2GaR6Il
. jaSAwP~ih,+ 0ew
WB V qRnLTGaRqRnJM>YjfjTS EHSMKS2mGaY
S XHR>/XeGaS2a>z2RP8< D EGFLHcJLEPhjT>2XeGaRrq2Rn
| >2IYGTRmR6KSz2 > XawQwQw C RJMqnS | >GanFS#KR.klRnwKwQwJMYj M*m2IKnF>ejThenFSjPjTRn
SOEtS2GaJMLIQS_wQwKwJM>YjfjTSrjz>RJMaSj KR KRm>rq2h RJM>ejfjTSrjz2>rGTRajEt>Gkl>q
. jaSAwh2h6ew
WB V qR
n \tjOklR#rq2R#mrRnz2RPz>nFh2z(R P>6GTSLT>nSj#mRajklRajyjaS EPIQLaSM
z2Srj6wQwKwqR SmS2JMaSJMSunFqMk8IKz?2>z2RPMq2S | >GTaYS X wQwKw V qR | SMQ>RnqrjOk8I}
TSheMGTSJMz2RHEtS2GaS/jaSKmSG6wKwQwM>GTrq2R.>/zMIQS!z2SFm2IKJMS2JMaSFRajOklFRn
Rq
LT>GaST?>h6R >S2JM>#z>ej nFRq/GTRzMIKnIKz>ej _LTRa>rqAw#wKwQw jfjOIKnMR | RfSM}
mS2z>GMEHSGaSuR6KRaj,. jaSAw e~ih68h 0ew
B  I{jqR.mn>ejzIKSrj6wQwKw#qS2JMz>jTqrjTLOI}klSGTR6IrSuoS2mIQz!q2nGaRJM>m>qj
kl>hAqR/GaR6IQJMR!LT>rn> S R6IQhR.EHGa>ej]EtRGTRhR!q2R | SaS.OqMN 6>RHqrjOk8IKTSJMS
klRGTGaSswQwKw/R#RajOklzR \#>!JM>nFREtR6Q>!qS>!LTS2nFSGT?>A < D8EGFLHKJIEqrjOk8IKTS
JM>ejfjTS2<2RGwHr~Qh,sr~h26w
B qM}klS/nqMI}kl>he | I}K2S/zR AIK?2>2sMGOI}klShe | I}QSzR <RGTqrjTSMT \n reI{jqR
>klRq S R6ISFk8ImRnFh6 KRh8qrjOkl>R.jaSKm>MwKwQw | SKSFz2RPEHSeu sj.JMS2 [RajOs Rq
z2>nNKJAIK>jTRGazRynFSGS!nSGahR.z2RajTzR.>/GOIK>/SMvk \zsrjyRf2klGaRnIKz2Sz2Raj.z2S
klRGTGaS~< OHSL6w Alh2% Qw
B <qXrIKS/RSKRaMGTSMiklRh | IKS/z2RIK?>2s_R6I{j6wQwKwq!mRJM>hTEtS2GaSqR.2SMXI}klR
Rn klRq!nR6IK>2swQwKw#RJAkl?2>jTR.Sq2JAklSGT?>/nFqI}klSrjJMS2 [Ra`j s < D EGFIHKJLEUJMSM
q2R6KR zMIKS2hR
RPjTRGa?>EH>rGEt>m>A< OHSL6wt~c QMhr:w
B xMq h R6m \n( | GTSMklS2hEt>q2La> \ajThMSMIQJMzSqRjTR}SRJAklGTRSrjnI}K2SGaRajzR
<2qz2hzR#k8IURjTSMIQGa>/rq2RjTRGauo>nIQJMSz>GR
n jTGaSR6QhrRyLaqOSrj jTSMN}
z2Srjja?2>z2Rajaz2R>uSJAk8I{>hezRajTzRy>YjzIKSrjz2S!R6klRGTJAIKzS2zRewQwKwKRHEtRGTnFSM
JMRLTRGauR SEtSjTLaRJAklSGTJMS | >GaTSzRH8< D EGFLHcJLE.2 IKMw}2h,w
B  I{jThPqRJMm2IK>>/URqSJ>hArq2REtGTRiEtSGTSGT>LaS2nIKJM>S2zMIKS2JAklR/zR
IKnFhAR/zRj _ XI}kl>m2IKGTS>FRqklRn#EK>>RJM>GahASq2Rn mejXeqj
LTSMI{jThR> S2J> z2S SM}IKS2JMaS2h.S qRn mYj zRajTR}SI{jTh.R6I{jq2R*mRnwQwKw
V qRnjTqEH>GklSGT/>zIKS/z>#MRqSzmRJAkl> XwQwKwI{jThrRqm>ejRJMmIQ># }IKSjah
A#

d A^O`d9 9 i d97

P6,fQeePPefTD:6ft,fe'aTKeA#+ke

107

>uEHGa> | R6klS2h_S2JAklRajq2R/mrRJM2S>zMIQSzR#<8D EGFLHcJLEPhMMGaS2JMzRRFklRGTGNKmR6l


}USwHhsMQew
B V~IwQwKw/R#R6I{jTh2La>nSrjyJMqmRJjyz>ej.L\qrjThMqn La>nF>>]I}K2>Fz>F2>nFRn
q2RmRnFheS V qRn | >Iez2Sz>u>z2>rnNKJAIK>heRSAKGIQSheR>/GaR6IKJM>hR#kl>z>ej
>ej~EH>rm>ejThR.JMS [rRaj MU2>rJMGTSGT?>2s_MRqz>nNKJAIK>jTRGTFqnz2>rnNKJAIK>zR
j\LTqMK>ejThq2R JM?>EtSj:jTS2Gah6R >Rq/GaR6IKJM>heq2n(rq2RJM?2> EHRGaRLaRGT_w#wQwKw 
kl>z2>Yj>ejz>nNKJAIQ>Yj>#>JMGTSGa?2>hR Sy KR>XeRz2RLaRGa?2>AMo#SJw2i]2hh
2Tw
B MR6klRJAklS#jTRnFSJMSj | >GaSnzR6klRGanIKJMSz2SrjHjT>XeGTR >klRqEt>m>hRPjT>2XeGaRS
LOIKzS2zRzRyklqSjTSJAk8IQzSz2RhfEtS2GaSLa>JjTqnFS2GSyEtGTRmSGIQLaST?>MwQwKw#RHEHSGTS
jTR6KS2G.SFm2I{jT?>R#>.EHGa> | R6klS2hREtS2GaSFq2JAIKGy>!jTSJAkl>Fz2>YjyjaS2JAkl>ejwMSXYRh
EH>2I{jThMR EtRGTLaR6XeRhMzRajTz2RSjTSNKzSzS%SMQSmGaSEtSGTSGTRajklS2qGTSGREHSGTS
RzI | IQLaSG<RGaqjaSm \nFh2SMvk \#S>FMGONKJMLI EtR URajfjOIKSrjThjaR6klR.jTRnFS2JMSrj,Ho#SJw
A22h,ew
B >rGTR6IeJM>nFS2G SMqS/n?>heRJM>YjGIK>ejSMqS/z2RajOklGaSMs2 KRHURLaS2nFSM
GT~xq \ajURqMSIKh
Rq/oRqjThMRRzGaSz2R[IQJMSFjTSMKmST?>Mw/q M
| SGTR6IrklS2n X \n EHGIKnF>eJAI}kl>hrS}kl>/nFSI{jqR.>ejGaR6IDjzSklRGaGaSAw/wKwQw>
GTR6IeJMS/R6klRGaJAIKz2SzRSMq2SjTRnFRJAklRheR>MRqklGa>JM>/La>nF>/JM>ejzMIQSrjz>ej
L \qrj,2]SMZ
w 0M_},M]26h6w
B ouI}kl>#zRH < D EZFLHKJLES> URq#MRJM>G, j:jTRJAklSxMbR s. IKJMS/z2RajOklGaSh,SMvk \
q2R.EH>rJM2SxRqjIKJAIQnI{M>ejEt>G/RajTLaSMXeR6K>zRxMRqrjy"E \aj6
w M LTR6klGa>z2S
xMqS | >GTaSu < D EGFIHKJLE*RJMm2IKS2GazRIK?>8h 'lEHSGa7S )z2>rnIKJMSG.JM>nFR6IK>z>ej
xMRqrjIKJAIKnIDM>ej6wwQwQw.xMqh6MSLTRGaz2>klRJMS/R6klRGaJAIQzSz2RhLa>J | >GanR.>/nF>z>
z2RUR6KqI{jTRzRqRewlMSw:% QHil2hsY
SMkwHr~srq2LwH QHr,w
B Pq[qJI>URq S R6IjT>2XYGTRAIK?2>h>[nF>JAklRzRF IKJMS[jTSJAk8IKz2SzRew
JMq2JMLIKS2GaR6IEt>G.RajOklSklqMkl>h < D EGFIHKJLE[zMI{jfjTRS/ IKnURq ]I}Q> \ajuxMqh
q2>8R/xMRRGaR6IwQwKwzS2GaR6IMSrj#JMS2 [RajEt>G#RGTSJMTSxMqS2hMR EH>rGxq2Srj
EH>ej:jTRajfj [Raj.Sj.Rf2klGaRnIQzSz2Raj.z2SklRGaGTS_wFwQwQuw R6I SMIM> ]I}Q>h6EtS2GaSqR
JM?2>.MRIKGTRhRAEHRGaRaSI{jJM>#LaSnIKJM>MwQwKw PRn8SmRJAklqGTSz2>kl>z2>Yj>ejqR
LT>J | IKS2nJ KR2]SMwH~l2% 0hr],w
B wQwKw _RGklS2nFRJAklR M | I RajOklRLaS2GaRLaRGqn Et>q2La>nFRJM>ejFqR>ejS2J>ejah
nSrjyzR.AKGOIKSFR#zR#>JMGT/S MWLT>rGT>SrjOklR6s | I RajOklR6+ MWz>nIQJMSGjT>2XeGaR#Srj
>2XeGaSjzRxMqSrjnF?2>ejsAkl>zSjPSjLa>2I{jTSrjEtqjTRajklR jT>2X>ejPRqrjA"E \aj,M]SMw
0Qh,w
B RnXeGaSxMRhT < D EGFIHKJLEPh6zRHo#Sm2IKz2hqReOqGa>quS# < D EGFIHKJLEPh | Rf.m>kl>uS>
>zRGT>YjT>/z2R <SLT>2XR.Rq!RJAklGTSGJMSrjyklRJMz2SrjzRynIKJMSLaSrjTS2hrjTR#Rq
jTqXrIQGJM>RajOklGaS2z>zR/nRqKR6I}kl>hMjTR/RqzRG#jT>rJM>S2>YjunFRqju>Q>ejThtwQwKw

P6,fQeePPefTD:6ft,fe 
 TaQeA#%p e"#+$ &
S2JAklRaj qRmRJMS/S2>/KqMSG z2R < D EZFLHKJLEhrS2>/SXrIklLaqK>/z>!>zRGT>YjT>
z2R.<S2La>2Xw/ IDj#qR>q2mIQnF>ej.jT>XeGTR# KR/Rn | GaSklShARJMLa>JAklGaS2nF>2>
JM>ejLTSn#EH>Yjz2SjTR6KmSs RJAklGTSGTRnF>ejJM>MRqF2SMXI}klLTqMK>h2LaqGTmSGaRn>
JM>ejJM>RajTLaSXYR6Q>z>ejuMRqrjtE \aj6w[wKwQw
xRqjjTSLTRGaz2>klRajujTR!mRajOklRnpzR
OqrjOk8IKaS2hRxMRqrjHjTSJAkl>ej6qXrIKSn28~86he6w
^7H7 r O^7^7H: ^ 39789a ^7^ 8
1  9 i ^y^ 7fad i df^ ^ ^ 9MA^.7 2 97:Td ^.7 Md9 9M dfe7 ;!9A5
96_  9657f9!c,9d}b^d/;F^a7/`9A^6;!9 9FM9a` 9cY^a7:9d i A^7f9LM4Mfb^
dM:A^a`b;!9 9M9a`b^7 7a^7 9*7f9d d9a89d ^7 `}ced9 i ^ 7:Td i df^
^ ^ ^ab9 9M9M ;^ r d^A^d 96 9c,96;^7T^ ^ 9 ^/\A^O`b^ac,df^Y
7f7 9 7f9 9 9 96 ^6;M6;O d~97 ^7A^a`b^acedf^7H EH>LaSMI E jTR@
B MklRajklRnqJM>#z2RH<RajTqrAj \ >#Raj8ENKGIkl>z2RAEtGT> | RLIKS~_%Qrw

5qGR/^ ^ ( G^ /`
/
N`5(` N8qGR/N{8`(
9
L+G%UK<cI I``6bI2 GL9.z%6
W uL+L9L.u+.+ L ` bRK+L/G. IL9L
KW^a(%Ka.7cR%Ka<W. ? ^I^LN2L 9a
L+ccL+I ^(.^I``L+LIbIu.zR%.+ `b .
IU %<c`9/KK<+2  zK ac6+L+ ^^
%<+9LLc  KLzW`+c{IL+z. I^a +2L<+L6W
 zx (L^2L<+ `%uK <acL+L+{+I7u
7+L2/+K .L %<+9+K6+I/<G
L+IW/ yNq<W W/ y{L+LYLa.IKK+%+L" I
RK<+ (L776LLa.I7.L.I+ z` .`Lza 
+<c{  .`z.<<8K ^La.II<.KWIL+R
7y78 2`RWu yqLa6L2KK+%<++KL+ .L ` zG`K
<+ tI977. I7.K+zG7I.L

A <T ( AbA cKY 8


  

107

GW/ y{ La.IN.I.+KL+6+ 



=62La %<c 2 .2.<<8K 8W2
L.L+YZY!
#"%$&' (
qz.(z%6z`.LaK) (
4 &
*,+.-/ '1032547698%:;'<' / 8 '>=@?8BA / 03&'C.8D"%E&%4GFIHJ8 'K,KK L / HJM%898"ON / P
6Q8%:;'<' / &%8 'R=@?8BA / 03&'CSHJMO8T' / ?MO8VU / ?W'"O&%XJ:X%8 'CS&J:HJX%&ZYD" / & -;[ %
" 4
X%8 '4\8D?]038 '? / ''"%?^5&S_O`badcfehg@iDC5jSalk5K

YnmO8MO8C o<<G .(p`cq(


* r $s%&O4t8 '.&%Y" /-/ X / Y" / 4u698%:;'<' / '$? / N / "VHJ&v / :C / HJ8 '=@?8BA / 03&' _
`baWelw@cxk5K

Yy69&J0 / "'(
*z M%8 ^5" -;[ " / :;'vY" /{+ "|0 / HJsO&GN%:HJXO8}U &O?&G&OHJ" - &O?v&~ / : / 8T=J?8BA / 03&J
HJM%8vNO:,4yU &%?&&%HJ" - &%?C4t&D'@U&O?&$"%4vU ?]:? _%`lSeqaIkK
z 8v4 / '4t8)e
* 8DX%8 '8 '.=@?8BA / 03&' / &{ / :U ?8BA / 0B: &O?&%4&J03<m%8DM%8)_O`baabajkK
Yn#"O$&'e
* r / : / 8 '.=J?8IA / 03&D'SXO"O?&O?&O4v.&J03<mO8M%8OJ&.U&O?]0B:?X / & [ 8?&V8? / :HJ8
X
/ / " '<.&OHJ"OHJ$]:&OX%8)_O`badcfeIackK
Yy69&J0 / "'e
* 8DX%&D'&'$8%:;'&D'Y" / YD" / ? / :;'Y" / 8 's%8D4 / HO'N8 'OA&OE&O4tCqA & / :hF - s / '
N '03&O4G <54G / ']03&fK,KK<.& / : / 8'.=@?8BA / 03&'_O`BOeIagkK
pb9)(
* m / '"D'K,KKvX@:;'' / e r 4t&%?'8L / HJsO8?{0 / " v/ "D'{X / 038XO8~8\0 / "t$8?&%EM%8DC
/ / 4038DX%&&03"O&& - 4t&)KK,K / &%4t&O?D'80 / "U ?x%:4t8$84t8&~0B:4 / '4\8K
.
v/ ']0 / 'vXO8%:;'}4t&OHJX%&O4 / H)038 'vX / U / HJX / 4&~ / : / 8 '=J?8BA / 03&D'_`3gg#ehj%xC
j@iCxw@Dk5K
pbb.8K `c .`^K acKL{cRR ^K acb
L+ WY+ A"=6"Lq %<ct Y<<8K "L .q( t< K
I(K ac9(Wz W" %a6LWq`L+R+Rb=6(L
 %<cR " .G.IL+(7.RZR .K+I!
#"%$&' e
f84vU -/ 03&%?&%4GF' / 8'}XJ:&'vXO&U "O?]: A:,$&OEMO8G$8HA8D?4 / &t / :)X / 698%:hF
'<']03?8" / ?&%4Z_m / '"D' * &m / ?"D'& - <54tCU &%?&\&]U ? / ' / H)03&%? / 4&O8L / F

q86T ( q(q cWNKY 8


u, xO d
HJs%8?C$84t8 / ']03 / '$?5:h038ZHJ&| / : X%8>L / HJs%8D?CYD" / 038XO84t&O$sO8Y" /
&@ ? / 8J0 / ?8' / ^5&V$sO&O4\&OXO8v'&OH)038&%8L / HJsO8?C / U &%?&VX%&O? / 4 / 4'&JF
$?5: A$5:,8V$8HA 8?4 / A 8%:DX@:h038VHJ& / :DXO8L / HJsO8?C%"O4 U&O?X / ?8 - :HJsO&'C /
X%8%:;' A: - sO8%0 / 'X / U 84G &D'KvKK,K + 8'SU&J:;' -,/ ND&%?&%4>KK,Km / '"D'&%8~0 / 4vU - 8DC
U&O?&A& / ? / 4U8D? +.-/ $8DHA8?4 / 8$8 ']03"O4 / XO& / :lKK,KK ."O&%HJXO8
$"O4vU?5:&%4038DX%&D'&D'$8%:;'&'$8HA 8?4 / & / :XO8L / HJsO8? _BKK,K`3g#ehgg@Fg%wOC
g%Cj@ikK

YnmO8MO8)e
* z &{ / :lKK,K)698%:;'<'KK,K8?X / HJ8"&]U / XO? / ^5&O?03&J:;'_%`d#e, k5K
pb9)(
*r

/ :lA 8%:xX%&OX%&.U 8?)698%:;'<'_O`baWelkK

(7=G.IL+GLG GG.Z WK bc .K IGG+cbq .AL


%<c^ ^<<8K d Ic6Q&J0dK #ewJ.69$xKaehgJFBwJ
agSeqadi% #"%$xKGgJehgJOCJj% mO8JKGj#eIaIwJ.OeIadiDC%Sad#eIaI }adifex;L<cu .9L
 {R .^cR 2 WKYL2L
.9=RKu ` . 7K+ v
/ NK1cfeiO%ej%KL `%v.. v
l / NJKcfehgJ%eIaF
abqKI( a%c(L9Kc
/ NJK~cfeIaIwOcLU6
l / NJK1aIw#ehg%K  
z O4>K
#ehg@iDC j@"`I^.KL\
z O4>K~c)eqaj%CDgfaI2 .{ b
< K AK W (
*,+ '$? /
8 'vY" /
*,/ $ /
&%HJE&X

N / "fK,KK)698%:;'<' / ']03& / :C / &X / "&O8 ''&O$ / ?XO8%0 / 'CA: - s%8 'X / / N%:C
$&%?? /[ &ON&%4&|&O?$&>X%&>& - :&OHJE&>X / m .OO_C / X@:;'' / F - s / ' e
/ HJXO8V8v:N?8~X / ']03&V / :,COX / U8 '5:03&J:hFB8R&%8 - &OXO8~XO&\&O?$&tXO&\& - :hF
/ m OO{_O` / "@0dK jfaWeiDCDaWaIC5g@cxk5K

oL ILRK<cL9LzWI^zK KLLL+K^R{K7UKc qcGL


RL LLa.LKK+%<+I  aQG{< K ^I/ .^I .
L A <8Kz W (

: 8
*, :;'' / : - Y"J:&'CS8>'"%4t8>'&O$ / ?XO8%0 / C&ZLJsO&qA &%HJC 8 / '$?5:h &#e r $s /
:,ND?8VXO& / :DHJ&~$&'&~X / m .%OKtK,K,K."O&%HJXO8~8 / :O8D"%N%:"t&D'U & - &JF
N?&D'XO8:N?8vX%& / :C?&' [ 8"&D''"O&'N / ']0 / '_%`lq / K ggSe kK
% GeRW WKtNLa.L;.I.ItL+R+ 7W8
RIq8  YKcY(
m / '"'XJ:;'' / e * =@8?N / H)03"O?&RHJM%8 / ']03 / '$?5:h038 / 4N8''&V / :3e + "tX@:;'' / e
L@8%:;'X / "D' / '5_%`lmO8JKad ehj%w k

.K+zKc%<+z9LWJJ(

A <T b8q(q c;c 8


 Z,  

107

* r 4t" - 0B:XOM%8>? / 'U8DHJX / "fK,KK z '8D"%N%:4t8 'VX%&G / :Y" / 8f?5:;']038U / ?5F


4\&OH / $ / ?.U&O?&v' / 4vU ? / _O`mO8JK{agSehjOwk
.K+zKc%<+z qI7y J)(,DW( G(L.DD(hcq
* =@&O?&|Y" / ' / $ "O4vU?5:;'' / &~U & - &ON?& / '$?]:h03&ZHJ&G / :#X /-/ 'e :N / ?&%4
X@:8vX / 6y:,4' / 4$&%"D'&#_%`lm%8Kal#ehg k
.K+zKc%<+z9LW J(h

q. +.x( * r $&D'8v& -[ "O4XO8 '@U ?5:,HJ$5: U&J:;'$? / "H# +.-/ O6Q&D'

& / :W<.4t& - XJ:03&5_O`mO8JK%ewJOCwJixk5K


/ ''&4\" - 0B:X%MO8CYD" / HJMO8'&J /
*, 4t&@:;'OAO$]: - K,KKU&D''&O?8\$<5" / &|0 / ??&OCJX%8tY" / $&J:?v"%470B: - XO&~ / :3_
`#"O$K{adc)elkK

W( WKILWL+Laq+ Rb(LRb %<+


G
% "R%.^+ ` l I.b ."I`6b%6+ 
%
7W8 `.IL+bWqG L`` .bIb Z.9u %<+`a
z
%6GIq+RA" .Y  RI` YKcx(
 */ H)03?8"fK,K,KHJ&v'5:,HJ& [ 8 [ &OC /-/ N&OH)038" FL / #U &%?& -/ ?K + H)03MO8{#s /
03?8" / ?&O48 - :N?8XO8.U?8BA / 03&'&@&D'] / X / ' / HJ?8 - 8"R8 - :,ND?8C / &O$s%8"
&{U &''& [J/ 4>K,K,K / '$?5:h03&Se) + 'BU?5:038VXO8L / HJs%8? / ']03V'8% ? / 6y:4tC]U 8%:;'
Y" / 6 / "%H [ :"%C / HJN%:8"JFh6 / U&O?& / N&OH [@/- : x&%?8 'SU8O ? / 'CU&O?&~$"%?&%?
8 '$8DH)03?]:h038 'X / $8?&OEMO8CU &%?&~&OHJ"OHJ$]:&O?J&t? / 41:;''M%8RX%8 '$&J0B:N8 'C /
&\NO:'M%8RX%8 '$ /[ 8 'C / U &%?&vU? /[ &%?8t&%HJ8t&O$ / :h03ON /- XO8RL / HJsO8?xK + 4
' /[ "J:X%&OC / HJ?8 - &%HJXO8~8 - :,ND?8JKK,K / XJ:;'' / e 8B^ / ' / $"O4vU?5:" / ']03& + '$?5:hF
03"%?& / 4N8''8 '8D"%N%:XO8 '_O`#"O$KwSeqadc%FgfalkK

*,+  &O4G:,HJ&J:x&' + '$?5:h03"%?&'xK,K,K /./- &'0 / '50B: A:$&O4X / 6y:4Z_%`mO8JK##ehj@ixk5K


* =@&O?&~Y" / ' / $"%4vU ?]:;'' / & + '$?5:03"O?&Se#yYD" / $84 / "vUMO8~$84G: [ 8 -/ F
N&%H)038D"v'8O ? / 6y:48v$& - $&OHJsO&%? _%`lm%8KajSe3 k5K
*zV/ HJs%"O4X /-/ '.' / U / ?X / "%CD&~HJMO8' / ?8#A: - sO8VXO&{U / ?XJ:EMO8C5U&O?&tY" /
' / $"O4vU?5:;'' / & + '$?5:h03"%?&#_%`mO8JK{aI%eqagkK
* =@&O?&|Y" / ' / $"%4vU ?]:;'' / &Z=J& - &ON?&OC)YD" / XJ:;'' / e 8 'VY" / 6 / X / '50 / C
HJM%8U / ?X@:xX /-,/ 'H / HJs%"O4Z_%`mO8JK{ad#eixk5K
=<6L

A <T b8q(q c;c 8


u5. q
*, :;'' / m / '"D'_&= / XO?8)e *+ '$8HJX / &03"O& / 'U &%XO&ZHJ8 - " [ &%?xK,KK $84t8
/ H)03M%8' / $"O4}U ?5:,?5:&%4&' + '$?5:h03"%?&D'CY" / &D'']:4$8HJND<54Y" / ' /
A&OE&#K,KKv']038JKK,K~03"OX%8R&%$8H)0 / $ / "}U &O?&R' / $"O4vU?5:;'' / 4&' + '$?]:h03"O?&D'
X%8 'JU?8BA / 03&'_O`h69&@0dK g@cfe,Dg%COwOCJcxk5K
* @: - sO8X%8s%8D4 / 4N&@:C $84t8 / ']03 / '$?5:h038v'8O ? /+.-,/ KK,KSU &O?&VY" / ' /
$"O4vU?&%4&D' + '$?]:h03"O?&D'_%`6Q$xKaqwSegfaICwJixk5K
* r ''5:,4' / $"%4vU ?]:"y& + '$?5:h03"%?&%C.YD" / X@:;'' / K,K,Kf84P8'T4vU:,8'A 8%:
$8H)03&OXO8)_%`6Q$xKal#eg@J#"O$K ggSej%kK
* =@&O?&|Y" / & + '$?5:h03"%?&G' / $"%4vU ?]:;'' / KK,K :N%:X@:?&%4$8HO']: [ 8~6y:HJs%&
N / ]' 0B:4 / H)03&%C / '8% ? / 6:HJsO&03OH):$& - &%HJE&O?&O4'8?50 / _%`mO8JK{adifehg%w k5K
*,v/ U 8%:;'XJ:'W'8C '&J / HJXO8vm / '"'YD" / 038XO&'&'$8O:'&'O^] / ']03&ON&O4$8DH)F
'"%4t&OX%&D'CU&O?&Y" / ' / $"%4vU ?]:;'' / & + '$?]:h03"O?&fK,KK_%`lmO8JKadifehgJ k5K
* ."O&OHJX%8JKK,K{038D4\8D"V8N%:HJ& [ ? / C5m / '"'.XJ:'W' / e + '503V$8HO'"%4t&OX%8)_f:'5038V<5C
$"O4vU?5:X%8JK.`mO8JK{adi)ej@kK
*,+ ']03&D'$8O:'&'&O$8H)0 / $ / ?&O4U &O?&Y" / ' / $"O4vU?5:;'' / & + '$?5:h03"%?&#eS4
8 ''8VXf +.-/ HJM%8RY" / ?&O? / :'xK + COX / HJ8N8CO8"J03?& + '$?]:h03"O?&tXJ:'W' / e / F
?MO8v&V." / 403?&D'U&D''&O?&%4Z_%`lmO8JKadifehjJcCj%kK

q. IG L+K 6 K L(9<ctqI GK acq(9(6


^z+9L I /z %<+ `+. 9(+Rz{W
8b+`6L2%<c9{KK+@ .zIUa `.IL^u
%6a 2L.uK. /cR `6<L6L+`Lza 
RcYW (
G .z G .<RL. x( *z <'$5:,8' / 03&O?X%8 'X / $8D?&OEMO8U &%?&~$? / ?
4 038XO&'.&'.$8%:;'&'YD" / A 8?&O4A& - &%XO&'SU /- 8 'SU ?8BA / 03&D'K=@8?N / H)03"O?&
/
HJM%8G$8HJN%:HJsO&|YD" / 8|f?5:;']038t'8BA ? / '' / :;''8C /~/ H)03?&'W' / HJ& [)- ?]:&# +
$84 / E&%HJXO8{U 8?698%:;'<' / U 8?038XO8 'v8 '=@?8BA / 03&'C):,H)0 / ?BU ? / 038"U&O?&
/-,/ '.038X%&D'&D' + '$?]:h03"O?&D'&L / "? / 'BU / :h038)_O`#"O$K g%wSegJF3g%k5K

YWL+(
 (69(6<L6( *+ '503&''M%8R&'U& - &%ND?&D'{Y" / A & -/ :O&tN 'C
Y"%&OHJXO8Z&@:HJXO& / ']03&ON&$8HJN8'$8DCY" / $8HJN%:HJsO&9$"O4vU?5:?1038DX%&D'\&D'
$8%:;'&D'vY" / A 8?&%4 / '$?5:h03&'HJ&\ / :fX / 6Q8%:;'<' / HJ8 'V=@?8BA / 03&' / L@& - F
4\8''8% ? / 6y:,4Z_O`#"O$K g%wSelw%wOCw k5K

Gz q+zR%.IL^+ z` .`^7y787+


."K.LWctR7W78aqR YAYW78 (

A <T b8q(q c;c 8


 Z, 5. 

107

& 0 / ??&U&D'' / 4tCJH / 4"O4:8%03&


* r 4t<54N8 'X@: [ 8CO&@:HJXO&\YD" / 8R$<5" / G
8"y"O40B: - U &''&%?nXO&9 / :,C&@03<ZYD" / 30 8XO&D'|&'>$8%:;'&D'|&O$8DH)0 / E&O4Z_
`h69&@0dK#Seqad k5K

 `YuRIu WL+2 ^Lu `^RKII^


 %6+ ^u .9 W2L+L2L.2^%.+ L u
RK<+ "L9G. I+ RAt ."(7W8=

bx2U8^ ;/u(t>Y>u5CQ

`q; z8G 8bu5 {;>u5~^


q 
I (
{RVb8 N{92b;(
/8b;u bRC `q; /8b;u bR
{82G 
b /
{;|

aK+KGLG9 82( %+RWbLIbL+Ib
% LaG
.LKIzLzI .`LL6 %W /z.Ru99/
 R G.^I GI+ L`u+Lc 8/z %+` 6LaK
^22{+RL ".I. %<W. 2^\
{I`Izb<=
RuKza "G
L<aW/L^+^+LcIRRW^LY ^6+<v. 9
v
z  KKR<+^+7cL<cu ^2K ac^ b6
LW  KzcLc`8z ^=. Q
pbY{+Lc 9L
L %+ II26Lq W^/L%<c %.IRW^{+Lc 
2L%+2I .L`Lz6LWLR
L<aW2LRW`Lz

q+LR``K9 KUq+Lc G^L%+^ I ..^ W
RL8+KaG
69&@0dKwSeqadFbaa 69$K{aWeIagOCDaj@
#"%$xKw#eIaFbajG Y7R K
L+I + q" L+7+

L<aWG Kq.I.G9K8. Lc
=6A "6<L6 KIqa +{nb'&J,&D'(
* LJ"]U 8?5038"~8VX /[ ? / XO8JK,KK038XO&%NO:,&tHJMO8~&J ?5:,"t&RLJ"%&G 8$&J$84t8~$8?5F
X / :?8U &%?&V&V4t&@03&OHJE&)KK,K / $84t8&V8N /- sO&VX@:&OH)0 / XO8 '.' / "D'{038 'YD"@:&JF
X%8? / 'C / 4\"OX / $ / "OC / HJMO8v&J ?]:"&vLJ"O& 8D$&#_%`lj#ekK

=RK+Lc Nq+LW` +Kax6Q&J0dKg@cfehj@cOFBwOw@R69$xK


aIw#ehjg@FIwgJ"
#"O$xKgDgSehj@iOFBwJcK RK^b+Lc `ucL
69&J0dK~g%OehjjJF
J) 6Q$xKal#egg@F3jO#"%$xKZgj#ehjj@FIw@iOb
mO8JKai)eqaIFj%w)KGz+Lc 9
L+b .b9uI7+( L+(".Lac RK`t+Lc A2I
7+^IN  +ca/=R z 8N&>m / ?"D'& - <54 / L@"O& 8"J03?]:HJ&y /-,/ '50 /

A <T b8q(q c;c 8


u5d
 <cR{ LcLY1G%fL/ Kb+Lc `7yLY>J
)L.q< c
 Gu/ W{7<=uK7+{ .LI.2L+^`.
K .GzK.G!mO8MO8)(
* r[ 8?&V<8f^]"J 8X / ']0 / 4t"OHJX%8%f& [ 8D?&V8U ?]HJ$5: U / X / ]' 0 / 4\"OHJXO8' / ?
- &OHJE&%XO8JA 8?&#_%`agSejfalk

Y7W8"9 76^II`W ac"Z7 zGK.pb9)(


* ~U ?5,HJ$5: U / X / ']0 / 4t"OHJX%8 / '503)^5" -[ &OX%8)_O`badcfeIaWalk5K
pb9)(
* f8HA:,&J:lK + "N / HJ$]:x8v4t"OHJX%8f_%`bac)ejjk5K
n#"O$&'(
*, :;'' / m / '"'eS:L@&J03&OHJ'$84t8v$&@:HJXO8vXO8v$<5"$84t8v?&J:8)_%`adeqad k5K

 (KLIKI+.<RzLLIKIKLcq9%WIqzL+Lz^.La
GN  y7 c c^ +. %<W.LI.
L+G9 ~
{I6G{K.G!
mO8M%8f(
*,v/ U 8%:;'Y" / _ mO"%XO&D' * '&J:"%CXJ:;'' / m / '"D'e r[ 8?&\< [- 8?5: A:$&%XO8~81@: - sO8
X%8s%8D4 / 4tC /.v
/ "D'< [- 8?5: A:$&%XO8VH# +.-/ KL /.v/ "D'< [- 8?5: A:$&%XO8VH +.-/ C
03&%4G <54 / "'\ [- 8?5: A:$&%? / 4 L: 4 / '4t8C /G- 8 [ 8 [- 8?5: A:$&%?#_
`bajSejfaICjgk5K
pb9)(
* =@&J:C)$s /[ 8"Z&ZsO8?&)K - 8?5: A:$&Z8 / "@: - sO8CU &%?&ZY" / 03&O41<548
@: - sO8 [)- 8D?]: A:,YD" / & :3_%`aI%eqalk5K
pb9)(
= &J:C [)- 8?5: A:$&Z8 J/ "
* r[ 8?&t6:HJsO&Z& - 4t& / ']0303"O?] &OXO&S_lC / X@:;'' / e * @
HJ84 /  / '&J:""O4t&VN8XO8$<5"Se +>[)- 8?5: A:Y" / :,C / X / HJ8N8 [- 8?5: A:$&%? / :3_
`bagSeg%Fg@ k5K

Yn#"O$&'(
*z M%8t$8HJN%:HJsO&GY" / 8Gf?]:;']038R'8IA? / '' / :;''8DC /V/ H)03?&'' / HJ&GLJ"%& [)- OF
?]:&#_%`3gOwSeg@ckK

A <T b8q(q c;c 8


 Z,  

107

Kcz .`cKK<+7 56+<v.772LWL


q<.It
zI .2L`a <+) (cGv
C. %<v6u "2
I
 N 8.99IUKR Y KI + A" ."A
W+c U`.K+ .I{.Lc` L+u b6LaK LL9Lc
.LKc7=+ L/II^yI^W^LL `
+2.z ba Ka.7U<8  bI (L..IRI%W
^7 
a+a GRK<+N L<c^2 K acqL.
`+.A76

Y!
'&J&'e
* ." / 4< + ']0 / YD" / N / 4X /+ XO84tC%X / 8x?&T$84&'vN / '50 / '{'& - U:,$&JF
X%&D' + '50 / C)sO8HJ?8'8 / 4L@"O&>N / ']0B:4 / H)03&%CfY" / &ON&OHJE&>HJ&>4\" - 0B:X%MO8
X / LJ"%&A 8?E&# + "OC)YD" / A & - 8 / 4^]"D']0B:E&%C [ ?&OHJX / U&O?&>'& - N&O?xK9=@8?
:'W'8 / ']03D'N / ?4 /- sO8VY"%&OH)038
D' "O&'N / '50 / 'C /v "O&'N / ']0 / '{$84t8~&D'
X%8RY" / U:'&GHJ8 - & [ &%?xK~LJ8 :HJs%8 + "U:' / :JHJ8 - & [ &%?C / CJXO8}U 8N8DCJH / F
HJs%"O4ND&%?M%8V$84G: [ 8K~=J8?$&O"D'&tX@:;''8U:;' / :hFI8 '{HJ&6y:,HJsO&G:?&OC / 8 '
/ 'U / :HJs / :HJ&V6y:,HJsO&|:HA - &O4t&%EMO8JK 8HJX / &>N%:h03?5:&G'8O ? /V/-/ ' / '5F
U&O? [ :"&D')6y:HJs%&D'N / ']0 / 'xK,K,K=@8?Y" / 8vXJ:,&XO&VN%:H [ &OHJE& / '503 / 4u6 / "
$8?&OEMO8C / 8&OHJ8XO8 '6 / "D'\? / X@:4G:X%8 ' $s /[ 8"fK96 / "y ?&%E8G6 /
03?8" / '& - N&OEMO8%A: RX / '$ / ? / 4 0 / ??&Z&ZN%:h03?]:&ZXO8 - 8 'K :;'' / e + :'C
/-,/ ''M%8 6 / "VU8DN8CA: - s%8 'xK,K,K r '']:4L / A / L@& - N&OX%8?.U &%?& /-/ 'KK,KK
=@8? L / "&O4\8D? / U 8? L@"O&$ -/ 4t25HJ$]:& +-/ 8 '? / XJ:41:"#_%`l'&fKcjSeIaFqixk5K

7W8^+c L I+LP  L+ .Lac W


8K+qLz` 2.uuuI7Kc7=u K 9L+L^ W >
I7R z+L`. .W G
CI7+L+u(.LaK L^
<q %Wb cb.(Lc G "KcbRK) ( +L("L. zb.
qKR. 2`6LvWL`G(^ "+UIa.L^ 6L
RU +.RI IK8^ zc{7y78x (KG 8I 
=I./u+K L 2^7 W.uIv
u+K2<q %W
 K.^G=R G9.II.z +z<=IzK W.IILK
bRAKcq7W8 ( vGKW + K +bU6(L< L 9 G  G
RGz.Wu.z(K W.zKcU+z6L{{I 

p({ %6.W%KIL+c

A <m ( AbA KcY 


u, d
8L+ILc aRAKcq7W8( ? W`b6 `Kc` 
7zG9zIA/tcW6L  

Y!
'&J&'(
* S:"!Y" / H):H [ "%<54 sO&%NO:,&OC / &OXO41:?8" F3L / ZX / Y" / HJM%8!sO8"%N / '' /
Y " / 4:,H)0 / ?$ / X / '' / CU /- 8|YD" / L / " ?&OE8t#s / 03?8D" / '& - N&%EMO8C / &
L@"O&)^5"D']0B:E&~ / ? [ " / "J)&D'']:4N / ']0B:"V&#^]"D']0B:E&V$84t8$8D"%?&%E&OC / 8$&JF
U&O$ / 0 / XO&V'& - N&OEMO8'8% ? / &RLJ"%&t$&@ / E&OC / N / ']0B:"\&D'{N / ']0 / '{XO&tN%:H)F
[ &OHJE&OC / $84t8v4t&OH)0380 / $ / "U &O?&5L):x8 /- 8%K,KK / H)03MO8vN / :8v&L:MO8v8
/ X / H)038? _%`JifeIadcDCDaqC5gJk5K

Kc7y78c+7cL (I+`I/ ( L+u b.LK 


IIKc7=LGR ^N +. L+L^a.L
L+.L+Laq YKcY7W8 ( q.2L(L. W.9L
u q+K L8G<=7IZGy q+Z<+A%Ka. YKc(
K Y%Ka.7
KY y|8Ka./"%Ka.7UI^ 9G`Lz
. Y+cW6LI7R YKc (%LcU8.9(=Wz
"LL+ 
O
Y KW (
*,+.-/ 'A:$&%?&O4$8DHO']0 / ?HJ&OXO8 'K,KK8 ' A8D?]0 / '.X /-/ ' A8D?&O4$8H)03"%HJXJ:X%8'K,KK
4 A " [ &fA" [ :,?&O4\CxH / 48 - sO&%?&%4!U&O?&~03?D'KvK,KK + '' / X@:&V<#U&O?&V8L / F
/ |
HJs%8?m .O% / &O8%03s~XJ:&~X / N%:H [ &OHJE&OCU &%?&A& / ?{NO:,H [ &OHJE&t&O8 '
' / "'~&OXON / ?'%?5:8 'C / U &%?&Y" / & / 'U &%XO&9X / ND8? / C / A:Y" / '&%$5:&%XO&#_
`BwJc)e%C%adk

I+2L  u L+ u.LK Y/<q %W K6YI%<c


LLAW^RK 2av.7  +cIKA%  %+IL+K/.t
+ .L  a8ba. `^=6 +
++bI.q{
K8K%. u t6LaK  KI+ I"W+
. U q7
G.I928L+99IzGL+.IUR tKct7W8 (8K b Wb
2 !" #$&%')(+*,-$.*/"
0,213$&14&$576$&8$.9)$&: "&8;0<,213$&14&$=$>%?
?"&@?A$>*0"&8B? C&8D,2%?FEHG
I-JK

LNMPOQ&R Q&S=TVUWX
Y-Z7UQ&S\[W^]&[_`Q&a/WbaU`WdceR Uf UW g^Qih[j/[Wb[kWl_UR mQ Wlj/Q.npo/Q&RFR UqW Q&RFr/[
[ R&hU/j[WtaUuo/QvVQwjpTVUNxy{zp|7}~p<&
s 

LNMO/[QvX

 %;%8D,23&,21$5<D8B"&*/"&1/')%8"&?FE

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne& FVt

107

YO//cR [Q&RTVoo/SiUcUvVU_R U7ceQ&R UahQQ&oQ&R s Th[/PV


FR U/ajQ+jpTVUj/QOw/tg;SiopTh[hQ&R RV_Qvwo/Q&S[PWFoce[R&hUR N&x
y~^})&
LNM[[aTVUWX
Y
[
jpTVU.j[WFU s RT  s TV[
jQwOw/_/TW&ThU/R QT/[WceRVa s T cQ WFg/Q;[W/kTvV/[W
j[.RFQTVg/Qh[j/[W[W_Q WhTVj/[Wj/QhR U)]&Q W;Q WhR Ua/nQTVRF[W;aU/uo/QvQjTU/gjTU
jQwU/a/np`WhTVU7tjpTVUjQhR [S=QhUQwjQ s vVUa/n[RxyH}-/g/g`D<&
LNMU s UR&TVUWX
YO//!WFUTVRF/gQ s [S=UhQ&RF s [ahR U=U`W;aUf mQ WV s [Si[i[=jTVUQ&S
uoQ;wvVQ s [S=UphQ&Ra[=jTVUj/UkUphUvVU7VeWhU/R r[[WpQ&o`Wdce WFgNaU
uoQvVQ;jTVUg`WF[kRFQ;[[`ahQ;jU`WvT_`QTR U`WFgu`oQQ WhceQ&RFU/ahQUWU s Q W
jQ=O/Q&R oWFUvV&SVtahr/[
o`nTR QTWa[W_`UpvVQ Wj/[WiQ&o`WSi[ahQ W<

Uuo/QvVQ
jpTVUar[U/_Q&R vVoiQlQ WctvVQ&aj[R<VOw/tgkce[R &Sig
WFQ&RFce[RQT<WF[kRFQ;h[j/UlUihQ&RFR UpaUuo/QvVQjpTVU/gOw/WFQ&R tSigQ
[pQ&oa[SiQ&gtSqxy{zN}pDg|>
"&??F$&?d6$>??F$>3"&1?w'B$ M #p M ?"')8$'B$*%`? % M #$ ')"&?*%=`"&1(%8 G%8`"&@*`,-$E
?""&1/')"&1*"%l`"&@=$&*`0"&1/')%%l%1/')"*p$>?t,0" ,28$&?F5`@""&?'BC6"&8$&1/')"$>?w9)$& "&?
*"d"&8B@? $ 2 M EN"&8$%`1*"%b`"&1(%8 %?')@ M $ 0$9,&$&8w2d")B$<?" s ^}pw{z^}~p/
o s ~^H}/~~N}p|/O/[wN}{ "w" M %@/')8%?@3$&8"&?HG
I`K

LNM $ 0<,2* X
Y-Z7Q&R s U/RFU/S=!Q s [`RFj/UW=j/USi[R&hQ s [R jU`W=j[TVaQ&RFa[!Q s Q&R s U
RFU/SigU)R [ahUR U/SQ;vVU/fF[WjUiSi[R&hQwVc[`RTWW [lQ&a_TV[oij/UR j[kWV
QwSoTh[WAR UpTV[W gQw[WpceQ&R&hoR&[o7
Q&RWFQ noTR QT<SiQ&oWwUj/_Q&RHWF/RTV[WFgQ[W
Q&a s Q&R RFU/R QTgar/[R Qh[R aUR QTUhuo/Q[kWhQ&aU s [a/W oS=TVj[
Q&RT)vV[W&
QTgcU/R Uuo/Qwar/[Ac[kWWFU/SW QvQ&_`UahU/R<VZNTVa/npQ WQwj/Q[RFf UwcU/RFU
U
npo/Q&RFR UiQ;j/UR W<[WUj/_Q&RHWFR&TV[WQ&S o`nU=Q WFS=TVof UR QT s [Si[;
c ijT
UahQjU`WU s Q Wwj[_Q&ah[g s [Si[bvVU/SiUlj/UW^ceRFU/f UW[WR Q&j/oTVRFQTxypUv
DN}/g`)zg>{
z gz`~&

%`8B*$&? E";{-$&4 %?w*p$ M %`8)')"Ee/@" "&8$>8$ M "$98%1/'B$>8$ M ?,231/,9,&$ M $>?w')"&1/'B$<


4
`"&?&0<,2?')%/@"" -$>?0 M *%,21/9"&81%5<? >%;'B$ M #p M ($ M $>*p$>?D %8*p$>?A*/%;,21/9"&8
1%EHG L ??F$>?w98$&?"&?"$&?8B"&?'B$&1/')"&?" M ')%`*%."&??"/$ M %
')8$ 'B$ M *%`? % M #$')"&?"
*p$>?0,' 8D,-$&?*%=`"&1(%85/6" 2%=@"'B$ M #p M ?"
*`,2: XYpmQ W&!Qc[R s UpQ&f UjU`W
aUf mQ W<c[`_[WAuo/Qtoar/[ s [a/Q s Q&R U!QtWFQ&R _TVRFr/[x/y_Q&RHWFz/z/gz>
I>K

LNM $ 0<,2* X

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne&`F Aw
Y-ZNTVa/npQVhoU
Q WcU/jUW [R QU s [U/g p[j/Q&RF[kWF[Vho/U`WkvVQ s U`WUno
jU`WFg[Wce[_[kW s U/Q&S W [TVgtj[ s [R U/fFr/[j/[WU/j/_Q&RW R&TV[Wj/[QT
Q&oqhRF[a[&cU/R U=WFQ&S;ceRFQ
Q
QhQ&R aU/SQ&ahQVpU/SiUW
U]&oW&hTf U/gkceQvV[
uo
Q Q&o
W Qwo/a/nTVoNxyUv2 zN}gF F

"&??F$>? %,2?F$&?d'B$ M #p M ?H";8" 9"&8" M $&%`? % M #$')"&? %1/')8$;%?,21/9"&8B1%`?" ?@/#D@


3$>!4 >%*/" 2"&?F5`6%,2?" M ')%*/%%i?F$ M %i?"')8$ 'B$*/%="&1(%85`,2?')%i5/*/"b`"&@?; % M
#$')"&?F5&*/"`@$w3&2%8D,9,&$&4"&%"w*p$d?F$ 0k$>4!>%;*/%?N9, ,2?N6%8 L 2"G LNM $ 0<,2* X

&3<@$ M
I/
' K

Y)tSq[np[lTVR ljTVUahQ$
j # wvQVTVavVUSiU/RF.[WwpQ&o`WU/j_Q&RHWF/RTV[WQ&S R Q
j[R&+VUhQ&R R Ul_Q&R lQ;hQ&SiQ&RFe[WSi[ahQ WjQ&R RFQhQ&R r/[ s [Si[ s Q&RFU7V
jpTVU/ahQj/[;Q&a[`RwjQh[jU
UlhQ&R R UtW s &oWwUao/a s TU/R r[
Upo/U]&o`WhT
fFU/gQh[j/[WA[kWpc[`_[WA_Q&R r/[;U;o/U;n%v RTVUNxyD|/}pD>

"&1/')"5&1"&??"/$ M %;?"t')8$'B$w*/%"&1(%`8^"w*/"$&?H?@1/')%??" M " 2($&1/')"&?>G


LNM $ 0<,2* X

(Y Th[;j/QO//U/[;SiQ&opQ&a/[R } )WW Q&ahUp*Q+ TVa/UjTVRFQThU/gUh


uoQce[a/U
[W,Q&o`WdTVaTVS=Tn[Wc[`RwQ W s UQvV[j[WhQ&o`Wce WV j/[S=TVaUR
a[
SQTV[
j/[WhQ&o`WTaTVS=Tnp[kW
V pQ&a/[R-+.o/UjTVRFQThUtQ&RTVoi[WR QTW
a[qjpTVUj/Q.po/UTVR UpVQ&a s /Q&oj/Q s U/j/_Q&R Q WFg<Q&R&TVo![ s UpQ&f U+WF[R Q
SoThUbhQ&R R U^x/yUpvVSi[* e}{{g>~gF/g>

@""&??F$&?e6$ -$ 08$>?A?H")B$ M 68B%`1@1,-$&*$&?w$8"&?6" ,')%


*%l`"&1(%85" 0,2*/"&1/')"6%8
@$>?68 68),-$>?6$ -$ 08$&?t" M $'G100 3X 242 <G560 3X 7/ "98/@G 0: X32 0/G%8D?"&1/'B$>8

?"9 M &%
*`,28B" ,'B$<E?,231/,9,2$>*p$;$w1/,6%' &1H,$k6" 2%?{,21/, M ,23<%?FEt? >%l?,231/,9,2$<
*%`?%?d,1/9"&81%?&`6p" 2%?)8" ,2?FE5`%?/@"$ ,"&?6' >%l1$>?9)$ 2?,2*$&*/"&?*% M $ {6;2%?
6p%`8"&?&$ #" %/EB5{9"&8),-%`?A1%*,-$*$,28$5"&1 ("&8t*"&$&*C 0"&8"&?FE5?,3<1/,9-,2&$*"&?')8B@/,28
%6p%`*"&8t*" 2"&?&"6%8w9"&8D,28A%
&$ #"&4$?%#8B" M @/,'B$')"&88$Ee?,231/,9-,2&$;*/"&?')84
@ <-2%?$
')%*/%?&G

I =`K t,2?')%
/@"%l"&1(%85?>5<0"&1 "&@i%?t,21/9"&81%? 5?" M $DD@*p$*"$&1D%$3<@ M 5
6p%`8,2??%
($ M $&*/% XY%?lQ&R@TxQ
YBAU/R r[
j/Qnpo/Q&RFR U`WxyDCWFU7z~N}{ wYQT`jU.nv(/
RTVUNx2gYVOw/[RhQxgY(?.Q&R@TtjQnpo/Q&RFR UNxypUvVS[~zN}-F.YE[`RhQ=j/QlO/U s [x
yUpvVSi[`~^}~ "5>" MM @/,'B$&?e6$&??F$>3"&1?F5 O//
QU/[hNx2g ,2?')%5>7
*%`?@" F&8H,')%`?*p$d3@"&88$ wL %"&@l$>*0"&1/')%;t'B$ M # M ($ M $>*% ,$')"&88 <0" k*/"
7NEB5D 8B@" -E5D*",21*,23<1$&"4 &%E5D*/",21/9-$ M $&"4 &%E5D*/",8$<EB5`)*/"0,213$>14$<E5
D*"*/"&?')8@/,"4 &%/EB5`)*/"3@"&88$E5D*/"H-$&13<%8A*/"')8% M #p" 'B$>?FE5D*"')@ M @/')%E5 % M %
?"t6%*"t0"&876p" -$&?6$>??F$&3<"&1?8" 9"&8D,2*$&?A$>, M $G
I 56: K t,2?')%!/@"q%!@4<: %HG`,21$ 9%,;" 9" ')@$>*% 6p" 2%`"&1(%85w/@$&1*/%!0" ,2%$>%
M 
@ 1*%5`6%8 M " ,2%i*/" % M #$')"&?F%1/')8$%?,1/9"&81%?F5"6p" -$
?H@/#>D@3$>4!>%=*/" "&? 5

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne& FVJIK
6p%`8t,?H?%l" M
" M $ 0<,2* X

107

M @/,'B$>?6$&?H?F$&3<"&1??H";')8$ 'B$*/%;D@4<: %i@" L 2"*/" 0"&8D,-$9{$>:F"&85/ % M %

Ow/B/Y_QTV[cU/R U]&opvnURUhQ&R RFU ]&ovnU/RF.[


So/aj/[
Q&S]&o`WhTVfFU/gQ
[Wpce[_[WAQ&S_Q&R j/Uj/QxypUvVS[|7}{g
$&??, M

% M %;" M

%@/')8%?N2@3$>8"&?&G L ??F$>?H,'B$>4
`"&?N0K M

*$$-$ 08$6p8%9 ',2$kG

I 5L5 K
$;$-$ 08$(/,2?' `8),2&$5k6p%`8B M 5`F%k,? $&??H" M " 2($>1/')"&?w9%8$ M 8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>*p$>?
6p" -$>?3<@"&8B8$>?*/%?9-,2(%?*"M&?8$&" w % M 0C&8D,-$&?
1$>4
"&? 576p%k,?
/@"i1$=$-$ 08$<5
'B$&1/')%.1$6$&8D')"68%9 ',2&$;/@$&1/')%.1$;(/,2?'`8),2&$5k')@*%.%l/@";?"
$& ($"&? 8),')%5`9%,
"&? 8),')%q$.8B"&?6p" ,')%*%q"&1(%`8FN*@$ <w/@"=$=$-$ 08$i ,0<,21$G %?
8D,')@$ ,2?
*$
&3<8B")$ &?H8$>" ,'B$<5<F% M %1%?t(%2%$>@?')%?t"?F$>F8D,E9 <H,2%?F5<*/" 6p%,2?t1%?t?F$ #/#$')(i"1$>?
?@$&?t9"&?'B$>?F5";1%.?F$& "&8N
* H,2%l*/,
" OwL8 &%.";*/%?w2" 0,'B$>?F5"&?6' &%l %1/',2*/%? M @/,')%?$>8
$>1%?*p$3>2%8D,9,2$>!4 >%=*/%"&1(%`8F7*p$ M "&? M $b9%`8 M $1%?,08%?;8"&?'B$>1/')"&?F5" M
=%k,?H&?F5/@"
?"
($ M $ M {2" ,? EB57)4
@ <2: %?FE"lD"&?'B$ ')@/')%`?FE5%=/@"'B$ M # M ?H"
"&1
')"&1*"t6" -$&?N6$ -$08$&?*/%`"&1(%8$&%?e*,2?> <6p@/2%? X
wo/QY s [a_TVa/U
U;wvQ s o/S;cR&TVRh[j/UWwUW s [TWFUWu`oQ/[RFU/S
pQ&oRFQ WcQTh[;aU QT<jQN![TWF Wx/y o s H~z^}zzg
"t'B$ M # M

Q W s R&ThUWU

$>%?D@*/"&@? X

wo/Q;Y![TWF WhTVaUQ W s R Th[;UR Q WcQTh[;j$# wvVQxyO[BN}2z>


I 560 K %`8!$ <?"t6p%`*"$>3%8$t0"&8N@"w%`"&1(%870" ,2%$>% M @1*/%;6$&8$?@/#D@3$&8e%?
,21/9"&81%?";3&2%8D,9-,2&$&8`"&Q
@ P@ M $>1%5`";@"$6$ R, F>%l*$; 8@:9%,
% S/', M %i % M
#$')"5>6p" 2%@$ L "d0"&1 "&@
6/2"&1$ M "&1/')"%?e,21/9"&81%?t"w6/2"&1$ M "&1/')"3&2%8D,9-,2 %@i%
P;@ M $>1%G$>? M @/,'B$>?l %,2?F$&?.?%#8"="&??"$>??@1/')%+?"&L8 &%q0<,2?'B$&?.1$=%#8$=?H"
3@/,21/')"5 ;U
eW s R&ThoR U.pU/ahU 5%1*/";?"&L8 >%l8"&@1/,2*p$>?w')%*$&?;$&?6$&?? $&3"&1?*$
$<
-$ 08$68%9 ',&$/@"')8$'B$ M *%`?wF% M #$ ')"&?w*/%l"&1(%`8A %1/')8$%?t,21/9"&8B1%`?w";*p$>?
0,' 8D,-$&?t?%#8"" 2"&?F5<%@5<%/@"% M "&? M %5</@"w')8$ 'B$ M */%4
@ <2:FT
% G`,21$ /9" ,')%6%8
L "5>@$>1*%"&?'B$ 0$w1% M @1*/%G " 6p%,2?A$>?/@"w')8$ 'B$ M *p$d6$ R, F>%"*p$3>%`8),9,2$<
!4 >%*/"`"&H
@ P;@ M $>1%5/@"= ? >%q'B$>1/'B$&?l/@"5t?"9%`??" M 8" 9"&8D,*$&? 5t"&1F("&8D,-$ M
6C>3&,21$&?>G

V.WYXZ\[T]9^`_aWYbKcd_cfe"gTh [jikcml]onp9^Xqh [srNe],[ nt[Muv_aW9w


lYc i.[Mu-^,xyc u[Muv_a[]or[zn

tt&&tF>BH&Ne<&F I /{*

|K}-~ PC
$ 23@1?*/"&1/')8B%i*$ &3<8B")$/@"b$>F8"&*`,'B$ M /@"%`"&1(%85/6" -$6$ ,RF>%
*p$ 8B@:&5`',28%@%`?6"&&$&*/%?"?F$',2?9"&:$&%=$,^"5$&?H?, M 5`9"&:$8"&*/"&14!>%GO3<@1?
F 8 &" M 5<'B$ M # M 5/@"5<6p%`8')"&8" M 91%l`"&1(%85 L "" 0%@=" M k,%??H"&@?w6"&$<
*%`?F5&$&88"&3%`@%?F% M %.?";',0"&??"$>14$>*%i1@ M 6p8%9@1*% M $&85`,2?')%i5/1%.,21
9"&81%"G 7%1/9-,28 M $ M ,2??%6%8N"&??F$>?N6$ -$ 08$>?*/"tk"&?H@?" MPO[`r[X

YwTW[Z[`RFj/QTVRF[=j/Q9;Q&o`Wuo/Q s UR RFQ nU[WceQ s U/j[kWj[So/aj/[xAyO[


H}~p|<g

"t6p" -$>?N6$-$ 08$>?*%"&1(%8N" MCW UpVU`WX


YwvVQvVQ&_[o
U`Wa[kWWFU`Wj/[Q&af UWFgQa[WW UWj/[R Q W^c[R&h[otV2Q&RTVj/[c[R
a[WWFU`W^cR Q&_U/RT s Uf mQ WFg/hRFU`WceUWW Uj/[c[`Ra[kWWFU`WTVaTVupTVj/Uj/Q WFg/[ s UW&
hTn[
j/Qa[kWWFUceU,Q W&hU_U"WF[R QwvVQce[Rpo/UW/Q&R&TVjU`Wa[kWj/Q&oU
WFUaTVj/Uj/QVOw/Q;vVUaf URtW [R QwvVQUWTVaTV
u TVjU/jQ Wj/Q;h[j/[W
a Wj/Q WhQ&R RF[WFoce[R&h[o/gQ[T/UDkvTnTj/[gh[j/U_TVU/gar/[lUR&TVoU.oU
[ s Up s [Si[ s [R jQTVR [ceUR U
U
SiUphU/af UN[T`vQ&_`Uj/[V&jUlhQ&R RFU.j[kW_T
_Q&ahQ Wdce[R s Uo`WFUqj/UlcR Q&_U/RT s Uf r/[j/[l!Q&oce[_[`gUceRFU`nUj/QvQ W&
cU/RFU.jU/R[WVS;ctT[kWce[RpQ&o.WFQ)ceopv s RF[`gQ;[kWR&T s [WQ&S po/UiS[`RhQdV
j[lhR UpkUpvV/[
jQoU.UpvVSiUl_TV_Q&R /gQ/kT s UR
WFU s TU/j/[
p[`RwWFo/U s %T &a s TU
]o`WhT T s U/RFqUqSioTh[kWFgce[TWluoQiQ&S\T/ce[Rh[`oUTVaTV
u TVjU/jQij/QvVQ WV
W _UTV[oUhM
+Si[R&hQiUqoU!UvSiU/gAQ s [S [kWceRFQ&_U/R&T s U/j[R Q WA[T
s [ahU/j/[gQ[wcQ s Uj/[jQSoTh[WhTR [o/gQ^ceQv[kWceRFQ&_`UR&T s U/j[`RFQ WTVahQ&R&
s Q&j/Q&o^x/y2`^}zp~&
L ?'B$&?t6$ -$ 08$&?t9%8$ M *,'B$&?$8"&?6" ,')%.*p$>?w')"&1/'B$> 4
"&?*%i"&1(%`8w";*"@$6$,-
F>%G L 6p%`8{',8$>8;%?6p"&&$&*/%?"$&?"&1/9"&8 M ,2*$&*/"&?FE5 % M %'B$ M # M 6%8
{9{$>:F"&8
-$&14&$&8w?%#8" L 2"$,21/,24
/,*$&*/";*/"')%*/%?FEt?""&1/')"&1*";% M "&? M %l/@"b{6%8D'B$&8$>?
*%`8B"&?e"$&?N,21/,2N
/,2*$&*/"&?FEHG

I0 K
Ow??, M 5k6p%k,? 5*`,28{?")C" M 6p8D, M " ,28B%.2@3$>8%i/@"?""&1/')"&1*/";6%8{6%8D'B$&8
&$ ?e,21/,4/,2*p$>*"&? EN"5<" M ?"&3@/,2*$5<%@"?""&1/')"&1*/"w6%8A{',28C-$>?FEHG%8w{6p%`8)'B$>8$>?
,21/,4/,2*p$>*"&? E1&%?H"="&1/')"&1*"%@/')8$= %,2?F$?"&1&%+?@/6p%`8)'B$>8
38$ 0"&?
')"&1/'B$>4
"&? 5
$&??, M 5`?%98"&8wF% M %.%?^D@*/"&@?w9,: "&8$ M % ML 2"*$ M $&1" ,28$@"',21($ M 9" ,')%
F% M $$$08$5k6%,2?%
')8$'B$&8$ M ?" M " 2($&1/')" M "&1/')"5k6p%`8B/@" L 2";"&8$$$-$ 08$kG
7% M " 9" ,')%5/f
$ &38")$@";"&1/6' >%l($0,-$; % M %?ND@*"&@?d',1($?,2*/%l,21/')" ,28$ M "&1/')"
*" 0$&?'B$>*p$kG L 9%,*" 0$&?'B$>*p$6p" 2%9)$ ')%;*/"t')"&8" M 6p"&8D0"&8D',2*/%')%*$$7$ -$ 08$5$')w%
6p%`1/')%
*"
1 &%
($0"&8t1"&1(@ M 8"& ? <2*/@%
*%0"&8%Gk%8w"&??" M %k',0%l
1 >%l8"&F%`1("
F"&8$ M %`"&1(%8 {
G G/"&:&?"*" M %*/%!?" M " 2($&1/')" M "&1/')" % M %?.6p8%9" 'B$&?F5t/@"
8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$0k$ M 6$>8$" 2"&?t%b`"&1(%8/@$&1/')% $ -$08$"5*p!$ <-5@$>1/')T
% 9&3<8")B$<5"
%`"&1(%879%,%8%9" 'B$ M "&? M %G

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q It

107

I 7K / @"%b`"&1(%8N')"&1($?,2*%
%l8B%k9" 'B$ M "&? M %56p%*/"?H"0"&86%8t"&?'B$&?t6$&?
?F$&3<"&1? X
YO/Q WFo`WAjpTWW QtScR [QhU
ar[SiQ&a[Ww/[aRFU/j/[j/[u`oQUuo/QvVQQ&S
WFoUwcephR&TVUg<QwQ&SW oU s U`WFUNxy hD^}/ s &}zp o s FzN}~zF
OQ W oW;jTWHWFQ}wY
r/[ s [a_&S
y o s ^}`F

U[;ceRF[{QhUceQ&R Q s &Q R[R U=j/QO/Q&R oWFUvV&Sqx

TWWFQ&R US W [R QO/Q WFoW}AYVvVQ;[ceRF[QhUijQ


U<U/RFQhNxy!UphD~^H}{B
O[F}z`
 &
Y
) ce[j/Q&RF[ojQ
h[j/[W;[hQ&Si[R gvV[o/_Uaj/[iUT;Q&o`W;QjT Q&aj/[iuo/Q
oS

npR Uaj/QceRF[QhU7[TvVQ&_U/ahUj/[;Q&ahR QxQvVQ Wx/y o s }{Bd


/ @"w@ M 6p8%9" 'B$ YWFUTR&TVUj/[;SiQTV[j/[WTVRFSir/[WFg s oD]&UWceUpvVU/_RFU`Ww[Q&j/Q
s Q WW Q&Sx/Dy Q&ophDDN}{D|>

/ @"t')"&1($d?@F"&*`,2*%% M "&? M %;F% M %`?N6p8%9" 'B$&? 5 0K {?"t6" $>?H,'B$>4


`"&?@"$&3<%8$
?";?"&3<@" M GG/%,%`8B*/"&1$&*/%$>%
68%9" 'B$f&? $@<-$&?F5k6$&8$@"8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>??"%i"&?'B$&*/%
*pY
$ &3<8B")$<5

/ @"*"&?6p8"&1*/"&??"%
,R <2,2%
*/"?%#8B"?"&@?w% M #8%?F5"',28$&??H"%.$24$<
* %=*/"
?"&@65"9%??"
1@q"
*/"&?&$ 24 %i6p%`8')8 &?$>1%?F5p6p%8?,21$"6%8

6p8%*<23&,2%&{?F$G"0: X 0 7 HG

I 2/K /G %,%`8B*/"&1$&*/%
$&%6p8%9" 'B$dk"&8" M ,-$&?F5>6$&8$@"8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>??"%
"&?'B$&*/%
*$
,238")$5
/

@ "; %1?"&3<@/,?H?"6$&8$;?,@ M ,21/')%5/"%.6p@?"&?H?"?H%#p8"?"&@?2% M #p%? 5



@"1&%.6$&??F$>??"6p" -$
C>3@$5/"%="&? %1*/"&??"
1@ M $9"&1*$
*$
8% ($
)@1/')%=$>% L @/98$ ')"&?>@"5*" 6%,2?;*/"
*,-$>?;%$& ($&?H?"l$ 6%*/8B"&H,2*%"&8 G
5 7X 5B  HG

M "&? M %68%9" 'B$d8" 6p8"&?"&1/')%@


%"&?'B$&*/%;*$,&3<8")B$6p%`8,2?')%/5

/ @"l1 >%=')% M $>??"6$>8$.?,t"&?6p%`?F$.1$&/@" "2@3$&8571" M


$>?F$*"d@/')%/51" M ?F$!<?H?";$-$ M "&1/'B$&851" M "&1/')8$&??"" M
@" ')"k"&8 G 5 X 05 J 5 ' HG

I-JK

&3<8B")$<5

G/%,%8*"&1$>*%l$>%6p8%9" 'B$

"&1/')8$&?H?"l" M
$>?F$*/"#$>1

L : "&@/,2" -5<6$&8$/@"8" 68"&?"&1/'B$&??H"%


"&?'B$&*/%l*$

/ @"9-,2: "&??"6$&??F$>8A@ M $1$0k$($*"')%?/@/,-$&*/%8"&??%k#p8";?@$&$ #"&4$<5


"w?%#8B"w?H@$t#$&8D#$<5&"w*/" 6p%k,?t$w*`,0<,2*,2??"5>"w@" , M $&?H?"t')"&84$d6$&8D')"*/" -$
1% M " ,2%i*p$H,2*p$>*"5`')"&84&$ I 6$>8)')" K 9"&8D,2??"
% M "&?6$&*$5p')"&8B4&$ I 6$>8D')" K

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<& FVJI1Iw

Ow%

"&?6$2($&??"=$>%0"&1/')%5N"@ M 6p%@ %*/" 2"&?$'B$&??"1$=8%@/6$="59,1$-


M "&1/')"5>%-$&14&$&??H"w1% M " ,%*%9%3<%;"w%;/@" , M $>??" L : "&G JX 5B 2 G

M "&? M %68%9" 'B$<5 6$&8$w/@"w8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>??"w%;"&?'B$&*/%;*p$Y&3<8B")$<5 9%,%8*"&1$>*%

I`K
1$&*/%

/ @".9-,2: "&??".0k$>?%?.*" M ,238$>!4 >%5" M ,23<8$>??"i6$&8$%@/')8%q2@3$>85A$>%?


% 2(%?*/%?N9,2(%?e*",&{?8$&" -5&"t',28$&??H"w%?N0k$>?%?*/@8$&1/')"w%;*`,-$5<"? $@<2??"-

'B$&8*"6p%8w@ M $$ #"&8D')@8$1$6$>8)')"5`"; %#8),2??H"$&?9)$& "&?6$&8$/@"1>%
0,2??";$')"&88$"/@"5$&??, M 5<9%??H"@ M 68B%`
* <23&,2%6$&8$;$&$&? $*9
" &{?8$&"
"w@"%;68%9" 'B$*`,2??"&??" X L ,? 5?H%@l@ M 68%
* <3>,2%;6$&8$dK0 ?>*$ M $>1" ,-
8$dF% M %9-,2:&5$&?H?, M 2("&?N9)$&8C<E^ L :F"&71G 560 3X 7 
5 5L5DG

Ow%6p8%9" 'B$w? ,-$>?F5>6$>8$/@"8" 68B"&?H"&1/'B$&??"%"&?'B$&*/%*$-&38")$59%,%8*/"


/ @"w')% M $>??"d6$>8$?,p@ M $ M "&8" ')8D,2:w6%8A"&?6p%? $"@"'B$ M # M $8"
F" #"&??"5"" -$6$&8D,2??"6$&8$" 2"')8 &?w9,2(%? 5*/%?/@$ ,2?@ M ?"; ($ M %@
,2?8"&" -E5t%%@/')8% &%*`,231%*/"qF% M 6$ R, F&%E5w"q% ')"&8B " ,28% >%
I "&@ K 6%0%ENDw? ,-$&`
? 5 X 05 = HG

L 5&*/"w1%0%59%k,2("w%8*"&1$>*%

/ @"9%`??"";$ M $&??H"@ M $ M @/2("&8w$ M $&*$*/"@ M $ M 2, 3%."$&*4S/')"&8$5/$


@$'B$ M # M F% M 68%@.6$>8$?,6%8t@/,21: " I 6"&4$>? K */
" 68$ 'B$)w?H ,$>?
7X 5B5 0G

I >K Ow%6p8%9" 'B$ L : "&@/,2" -56$>8$/@"=8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>??"=%!"&?'B$>*%!*$&38")$5e9%,


%8*"&1$>*%

/ @"')% M $&??"@ M ', D%2%i"3<8$ 0k$>??"


?%k#p8"
" 2"l{k"&8@?F$2 M E5"9-,2: "&??"
F"&8 %5&"t9,2:F"&??H"w@ M $')8D,1 (" ,28$w"w@ M $ M %1/')%$>*%F%1/')8$" -$<6p@?H"&??"
@ M $6$&1" -$;*/"9"&88B%."&1/')8";?,"
$,2*$&*/"5/"?"*/" ,'B$>??"?%#8"%.-$&*/%
"&?@"&8*/%5/"
*/" 6p%,2?;?H%#p8"
%=*`,28" ,')%/5/')8"&:F"&1/')%`?;"
1%0"&1/'B$*,-$>?&G "
6p%,2?N')% M $>??"t')8D,23%5>F" 0$&*$5>2"&1/',($<5 M ,2(%""&?6" 'B$5<" % M "&??H"&?9,-
:F"&??H"
6 &%6$&8$?,5k%
@$p % M "&8D,$F%1/9%8 M "$ M "&*`,2*p$kG L 5k'B$ M # M 5
@"9,2:F"&?H?"6$&8$;?,@ M #p%2%.*"; " 0k$>*p$ % M "&?')"&8F%.*"9"&: "&?*/"(%/
M " M "F% M %i" 2"?H@/6,2F%`@5`9%,%8*/"&1$&*/%=/@"
%i9-,2: "&??"
% M @" F 8"
M "&1/')%*"t#%, N<Q&uFzN}{D G

Ot2

M *`,?H?%57%?6p8%9" 'B$&?'B$ M # M 8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>8$ M %`@/')8$>?


F%k,? $&?F5N % M %q"&*/"
@/,-$>?F5>6p" 2%?tF(/,98"&?A*/"w9"&88B%/@"w9"&:t6$>8$?, CNQ ~~N}{ 5<"%@/')8%6p8%9" 'B$5<6%8
?"&879"&8D,2*/%;"wF%`8)'B$>*%/5&"t')"&876p%`?')%;H,1:&$w?H%#p8"w%?e%2(%?A C7QH~}/g&p HG

I '/K LNM 3 "&8$ -5<%?e6p8%9" 'B$&?F5$>%@?F$>8" M @ M $w'S1/,2&$*"d6p" 2"5<8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$0k$ M $


$$08$" M ? "&@.?"&1/',2*%fS/', M %5</@"%?"&1/',2*/%*$d2" ')8$ U s k^}2z G%8e,?H?%

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q I1w

107

L ,-$>??"0"&?',-$;*/";@ M $'B$ 'S1/,2$<5",213&,-$<?";*/";@ M H,21/')%l*/";F%`@8B%." M 0%'B$


*%`?N2% M #p%?t ~Q<H} Gw%N>%N$',?'B$5<?" M " 2($&1/')" M "&1/')"5>',1($d0"&?')"&?A*/"w6" 2%
*"$ M " %/5"@ M H,1/')%*/" %@8%
" M 0%'B$*"?"&@?t2% M #%?F5" % M ,-$3$9{$>1(%')%
" M " `$>38"&?')" UhD^}z HG%8A@$ </?"w6%*/"w0"&8e@"%?68%9" 'B$&?t8B" 68"&?"&1/'B$&8$ M %
"&?'B$&*/%i*p$ &{38")$"*$
$-$ 08$kN
G % M " 9" ,')%/5/%/@"8B" 68"&?"&1/'B$@ M 58" 68B"&?H"&1/'B$
'B$ M # M %%@/')8%5 6%,2?A,
$ &{38")$d6p8%0 M *p$7$ -$ 08$<5<"?"&3<@1*%?@$8"&F" 6!4 >%*/"
0,2*$"d9G%8N,2??%5>'B$ M # M 5>6p" 2%?w{6p8%9" 'B$&?FE5<%1*/" ? >%1% M "$>*%`?A" M "%@/')8%
^"&?'B$ M "&1/')%?F5?,231/,9,2$>*p$;$*%@/')8D,21$*9
$ &3<8")B$6p8%0"&1/,"&1/')"*$7$ -$ 08$5 M $>?
6p" 2%
"&1(%`85< % M %%
$ ,2%8A8B%k9" 'B$<5?,23<1/,9,2$>*p$9
$ &3<8B")$ M "&? M $";$;7$ -$ 08$
M "&? M $G
$ &{38")$68%0"&1/,2"&1/')"*$
|N-~ `"&1*%i8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>*%i1%?6p8%9" 'B$&?F5%="&?'B$>*%=*T
$$08$i"&8$i%q/@"=?"="&1/')"&1*/"i6%8l{6p%`8)'B$>8l$&?,1/,24/,2*p$>*"&?."=%?
6"&&$&*/%?l*/%

6p%k0%EHG / @"=?")$$&??, M 5e=" 0,2*/"&1/')"i6p" -$>?l %,2?F$&?.@"=?@&%8" 9"&8D,*$&?.?%#8"=%
6p8%9" 'B$ &?F!$ <-$&? X @"" 2"9%??H"1@i"*/"&?$24F%6%8e')68 &?$>1%?F5<6%8t?,21$ "6p8%
* <23&,2%
~ } G L ?%#8B"w%6p8%9" 'B$ L : "&/@/," -5</@"w')8%4
CWFUH
@ F"&?H?"%?e0k$>?%?t*p$ M ,238$&"4 &%"
F%k#p8D,2??";$&?t9)$& "&?t6$&8$/@"
1 >%0,2??"$')"&88$5`";/@"5$>??, M 59%??"@ M 6p8%
* <23&,2%
6$>8$$.&$&?F$.*/
" &{?8$&" ^"5'B$ M # M 57@".*,2??"&?H?" X L @!?%@!@ M 6p8%
* <23&,2%6$>8$
0K? E^ NQ~^}-`g`H G

I0 K
/ @"d,2?')%;')"&1($?,2*/%5>6$>8$" 2"&?F5>6%8D'B$&8A$>?,21/,24/,*$&*/"&?F5<0 ?"H-$&8$ M "&1/')"
" M ^<Q&uoTVQv 5@$>1*%9%,-("
%`8B*/"&1$&*/%=*/" ,'B$&8?"')8"&: "&1/')%?;"
1%0"&1/'B$.*,-$&?"
@$>8"&1/'B$*,-$&??%k#p8"%?$>*%`?;"&?/@"&8B*/%="
*`,28B" ,')%= %1/')8$"&8@?F$ M 5"
F% M "&8
#p%k%*"w " 0k$>*p$9" ,')%; % M @" F 8" M "&1/')%*"t#%,6G Ot,?"tD t'B$ M # MX

Y o/gjQThU)hQdWF[R Q[lhQ&oivU/j/[
Q WFuo/Q&RFj/[
QWF[R QQvQcemQUTVaTVu Tj/U
j QjU s U`WFU=j/QCWFR UQvt[iaSiQ&R [=j/Q
jpTVU`Wuo/QlhQ
jQThU/RF`W;WF[kRFQ
QvVQ

c[R&hU/RF`WUlTVaTVuTVjU/jQjQvVQ WtAo/gc[/TW gj/U/RFQTUlhTk[WU/a[WwjUlTVaTVuT
jU/jQjQvVQ W s [`a[R SiQ[aSiQ&R [j/[WwjpTVU`WFghRFQ<Q&ah[WwQa[_Q&ahUljTVUW g
cU/RFUuo/Qc[`RhQ WAU
TVaTV
u pTVj/Uj/Qwj/U s UW Uj/
Q CWFR U/Qv2N!UW ga[Si[SiQ&ah[
Q&S uo/Q[WhTV_Q&R Q W s [S;ctvVQhUj/[g]&UQ&R W[`ophR Ul_Q<gWF[/RFQ[hQ&o=vVUj/[
jpTVR QTh[`gceUR Uquo/Qce[RhQ W
UTVaTV
u pTVj/Uj/Qlj/U s UWFUqj/QO/o/jqu`oU/RFQ&ahU
jpTVU`Wxy^<QFzN}2z)<&

I 7K 68%9" 'B$5$>%6%8D'B$&8$&??, M $>?N,21/,4/,2*p$>*"&?e*p$d$>?F$w*/",&?8$>" k"w*$w&$&? $*/"


@*pC<51&%i$&?w',28%@=1" M 5`*p$!<-5$>?"@F6/,2%@5 M $>??% M "&1/')"$&?8" 68"&?"&1/')%@=" M %?
')8%@N!G &{?')%;w" 0,2*/"&1/')"t6p" 2%;/@"w?"w?"&3<@"$ , X

Y )WW&TS jpT wO//}WTv/[Wj/


Q CWFR UQv s [SiQ&RFr/[WFQ&ocer/[lTSio/aj[`g
Q&ahRFQU`WaUf mQ WceU/RFUi[aj/Q;[WQFceopvWFQT/&wTWuo/QtoiuoQkRF[.[ s Q
hRF[j[wcer[
Q&SO/Q&RFo`WFUv&SVBceUR Ulu`oQ s UR Q&fFU/S jQcer[
Qj/Q`noU/gQ

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<& FVJI1t*

I2/K

WFQ]&USj/Q WF[vVU/j[W[l_U/R r[.Q;[


WFQ&o;ceUpTVgQWFQjQTVaQ&Sc[R s U/oW U=jU
TaTV
u TVjU/j/QwjQvVQ Wx/y_Q&RHW<g`D`g`)F&
`" M " 2($>1/')" M "&1/')"5>@$>1*%% M "&? M %6p8%9" 'B$w?H" M %`?')8$&??"w"w*`,2??"&??H"5
YwTWbuo/Q
W [oqoS cR [jnTV[bceU/RFUq_kWx2gAhU/S=&S
S[`j[;u`oQT g<UWW&TS vV/Q WU/R ^x/y~^}g>

jpTVR&TUN};Y%;[qSiQ WFSi[

L % M "&? M %;?"w"&1/')"&1*/"$w8"&?6" ,')%*%`"&1(%85&%`1*"w?"w*`,2: X


Y
[WWFU`WAj/[Q&af UW^wvVQvVQ&_[oNVFa[kWWFU`WAj[`RFQ Wpce[R&h[oVO//Q
v U/af URWF[R Q;wvVQ
UWbTVaTVuTVjU/jQ WjQlh[j/[WakWVce[Rpo/U s T%&a s TU
]o`WhT T s [o7VUiSiopTh[W gce[TWuo/QQ&STce[Rh[`o=UWTVaTVuTj/U/jQ W;j/QvQ Wx
Dy CW UN}2z/g`g`Hg
%1*/"w?"t')8$ 'B$5>" M

')%*%%;$6N<')@/2%5>*p$6$,F&%;*/%`"&1(%8 G

I-JK
/ @" L "5< % M %%
$ ,2%8A8B%k9" 'B$<5&')"&1($8" 68B"&?H"&1/'B$&*/%%
"&?'B$>*%
*9
$ &{38")$
@$>1/')%7$ -$ 08$5 0 ?"t6%8N&$&*$w@ M $w*$&? %,2?F$>?*p$6$,RF&%* L 2"5$d?F$ #"&85/@"

9%k,')8$@<2*/%l6%8dk@*$&?>p/@"9%,76p8"&?%i"F%`1*"&1$>*%.6" %`?68D,21,6$ ,2?*%??F$& "&8
*%k')"&?"6" %`?$>1, >%?&@T
" 8/("
*/"&8$ M #%9" 'B$>*p$>?&/@T
" 8/("9"&8D,28$ M $
&$ #"&4&$
F% M @ M $&$&1$/@f
" 8/(";, M 6p@?H"&8$ M @ M $ %8%$*""&?6/,21(%?&@"*`,0<,2*,28$ M
@$>?;0"&?')"&?"
-$&14&$&8$ M ?%8D')"l?%k#p8"$' S1/,2&$N@"i 8@,9,2$>8$ M @.
" 8/("
*"&8$ M 0<,21$&38"t6$&8$t#" #"&8F<@"t')8$&?6$>??F$&8$ M * 8/("w%-$&*/%/@"t9%k,k?H" 6p@/'B$&*/%"5
1%')"&8F" ,28%;*`,-$5&8"&??H@8B3>,2@NG

I `K
/ @"i{9%,e')8$!<2*%6p%`8@*p$>?FE?,231/,9,2$0k$.?"&8')8$@<2*/%=6" -$.1$&4"&%lD@*p$,2$<5
F% M /@" M "&1/'6>%q"&?'B$ 0$=$=7$ -$ 08$<576%,2?k@*$&?.8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$0k$$&/@" $1$&4"&%G
/ @";{9%k,68"&?%
"F%1*/"&1$&*/%6" %`?t6p8D,21,6$ ,2?w*/%??F$>F"&8*/%')"&?"6p" 2%?$&1H,>%?FE
?,231/,9,&$ 0$
/@"
%i9%8$6%8')%*p$.$&/@" -T
$ &3<8")B$kG / @"l9%,$>4F%k,'B$>*%/5 @?6/,28$ M
8/("l1$9)$& "5*/"&8$ M  8/("#p%k9" 'B$>*p$>?"9"&8D,28$ M  8/("i$l&$ #"&4&$l % M @ M $i$>1$E
?,231/,9,&$ 0$@"9,: "&8$ M *"?" M " 2($&1/')" M %`*%i % M $
7$ -$ 08$/@$&1/')
% &?;?@$>?
,0,21$>?0"&8*p$>*"&? 57')%*$&?l$&?
/@$ ,2?')8$ 'B$ M *%!"&1(%`8Ft@"6 8/(", M 6@?"&8$ M
@ M $F%8%$*/""&?6,21(%? Ew?,231/,9,2$0k$/@"b$',21($ M 9)$ 2?,9,&$&*/%="l$>*@/')"&8$&*/%EH
@";D*`,0<,2*,28$ M @$>?t0"&?')"&? 5"?%#8B";$' S1/,2&$-$&14&$&8$ M ?%8D')"Ee?,231/,9,&$ 0$;/@"
',21($ M *,2?6"&8?F$&*/%')%*/%?%`?N0"&8%?*$7$ -$ 08$5 M $>?
1 &%;?H"&@
?"&1/',2*%;"&?6,28D,')@$
"&??"=?H"&1/',*/%*$$ -$08$="&8$?,231/,9,&$&*/%q6" -${' S1/,2&$=*/%`"&1(%8EHG / @"q
F8@H,9-,2&$&8$ M EN?,23<1/,9,2$0k$/@"',21($ M *"&?')84
@ <2*/%
"68%9)$&1$&*/%')%*$;$;7$ -$ 08$<EHG
/ @" 8/(";%k9"&8"& "&8$ M 0,21$&3<8";6$&8$#" #p"&8Ew?,3<1/,9-,2&$ 0k$ %,2?F$>? M "&8$ M "&1/')"9{$-
?,9-,2&$&*$&?".9{$? $&?F576%8,2??%q
1 &%q%#" #"&@5N"i"&1/6' &%q*`,?H?" X L ?'BCiF%`1?@ M $&*/%EHG
/ @"{')8$&?6$>??F$&8$ M * 8/(";%
-$>*%Et?,3<1/,9-,2&$ 0k$/@";@" F',213@/,28$ M F% M 6/2" 'B$ M "&1/')"
')%*/%0"&8%
*p$$ -$08$"')%*/%
?"&@.#p" M /@"{9%,?" 6p@/'B$>*%Ee?,231/,9,2$0k$$;8")D" ,-
!4 >%l*/%l(@ M $&1%.@"8B"&?'B$&8$*p$ M >"p/@"
)1%.')"&8 " ,8%i*`,$8"&??H@8B3>,2@Ew?,231/,9,-
$0k$$w3&2%8D,9,&$&"4 &%G

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q IKd

107

I >K 7%,2?F$&?.?" M " 2($&1/')"&?


9%8$ M ?,3<1/,9-,2&$&*$&?.6p%`8l"&?'B$>?1%`?8%9" 'B$>?i"" M
$0,2*p5k%1*"9%8$ M 6p8"&*`,'B$&?&G%8A&$&@? $;*`,2??%5`*" 6%,2?/@"9%,^$&4 %,'B$&*/%l"?F$ ,2@
6p%`8)'B$>1*%@ M $dF%`8B%/$w*/"w"&?6,21(%? 5&"w%??H%2*p$>*%?("t6@?"&8$ M @ M $t0"&?', M "&1/'B$
6S8D6@8$59%k,A*,')% X L ,?
% P;% M " M E;k%
G 5 =X 5B5 J 
G &?')%9%,w*,')%6%8@"= P;%/
M " M Ed?,231/,9,&$
$ &3<8")B$kG "9{$')%5 G`,2(%=*%(% M " M E?,23<1/,9,2$.$0"&8B*$&*/"
*$
&3<8B")$<5$&??, M $;7$ -$ 08$kG%8w@$ <?"6%*"0"&8$>3%8$%
/@"?""&1/')"&1*"6%8{6%8
'B$&8$>?w,21/,2N
/,2*$&*/"&?FE5,2?')%i5/8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>8"9-,23<@8$>8" M ,N%?6p"&&$&*/%?F%`1/')8$
$>?
,0,21$>?0"&8*p$>*"&?*$
$ -$08$G / @"%="&1(%8d')"&1($
?@/6%8D'B$&*/%="
?%k98D,2*%'B$ ,2?
F%k,? $&?w % M %
T
% G`,2(%
*/%
(% M " M "
1 >%
F% M %.
% G`,2(%l*/" "&@?F5k0"&8{?")C1$;?H"
N &1H,-$"G % M " 9" ,')%5 G`,2(%;*/%;(% M " M E?,3<1/,9-,2&$w%`"&1(%8N@$>1/')
% 7$ -$ 08$G
|~

,28?H")C$&3%`8$$ 23<@ M $ %,2?F$;?H%#p8";%.@"?""&1/')"&1*"6%8{2" 0k$>8%?6"


$>*%`?FEHG%8w{2" 0k$&8t%?t6"&$>*%`?FE?H""&1/')"&1*/"% M "&? M %
@"8"&*, M ,28A%
(% M " M "
?F$ 0C2%Gq%8/@"
%`"&1(%80" ,2%$&% M @1*/%i6$&8$
/@"
%=(% M " M 6@*"&??H"l?"&8
?F$ 0%G`" M "&@l$>*0"&1/')%;1"&1(@ MM %`8)'B$6p%*/"&8D,-$w?"&8N8" 9%`8 M $>*%;"w8"&3<"&1"&8$>*%/5
$&??, M 5<?"&8? $ 0%G$>?,2??%
6 ;*"?"&8N9" ,')%*/" 6p%k,?w/@"%l"&1(%`8A?@/68D, M ,2@.')%*/%
%;6%*/"&8*/%*`,-$ #%5>,?')%5<*/%;,21/9"&8B1%/5"3&2%8D,9-,2 %@`"&
@ P@ M $&1%5>,2?')%
5@1/,2@D
$&% ,0<,21%
*";`"&@7$ ,Gb`";"&?? $&? %,2?F$>?
1 &%',0"&??" M ?,*/%
9" ,'B$&?F5`1"&1(@ M */%?
(% M "&1?6%*"&8D,-$
8"& " #p"&8 %,2?F$l$23@ M $
*/% ,0<,1%0"&8%=/@"9%?H?"l*/@8$&*/%@8$
1" 2"5/"b$,1*$ M "&1%?F%k,? $
$ 23@ M $*/% ,0,21%i#" M 5/6%,2?;%=*`,-$ #%5 @D%i6p%`*"&8
$&1/')"&?"&8$d?@/6p"&8D,2%85$>?A$&88$&1&$&8D,-$w*/%; %8$&"4 &%G
I0 K
$!<^" 0,2*/"&1/')"/@"%=`"&1(%85`6p" -$6$ ,RF>%i*p$ 8@:5/1>%i',28B%`@q%?6"&$<
*%`?F5 M $&?w%?$9{$>?'B$5,?')%
58" M %k0"1$&/@" 2"&?w@" 86 &" M 1 L 2"5<0,0"&1*/%
?"&3<@1
*%%?A`"&@?N6p8"& " ,')%?F5& % M %;%`"&1(%87'B$ M # M %;"&1?,21$w" M !UphQ&o`W}

Y
r[]ovnpo/QTWAuo/Qw_TVScU/RFUU/aopvVU/RAU QT<Qw[WpR [QhUW<VdoUvVuoQ&R
u oQwU/aovU/Rt[;SiQ&a[RAj/Q WWFQ WcR Q s QTh[W gQUWHWTVS Q&a/WTVaURwU/[Ww[`SQ&a/W g

WFQ&RF s U/SiUj/[=SiQ&a[R
a[RFQTVa[j[W s &oW!UW
uo/Q&S [WcR UhT s UqQ
Q&a/WTVaUg<Q WWFQtWFQ&R s /USiU/j[nR Uaj/Qwa[;R QTa[j[W s &o`WxyN}{{<g`D|<&

I 7K " -$8$&:"&%i?Li/@$ 2/@"&8@ M 6%*/";0"&85/F%1/'B$>1/')%i@""&?')")$" M $3<@ M $


,@ M ,21$&4"&%/5@"%?t6"&&$&*/%?w1&%6%*/" M ?"&8e',28$&*/%?w*%.(% M " M $;1>%l?"&8t6%8
6p"&1/,' &1H,-$;$ ',0k$<5/@$ ?")$5/@"%
(% M " M 0")B$?"&@?w6"&$>*%`?F5, M 6/%`8B"%$&@4F<-
,%
*/%l`"&1(%8A"*/"&?,2?'B$*/" 2"&?&Gw"&8t%@/')8$F%k,? $5$>??, M $>F8"&*`,'B$&8t""&1?,1$>8A1>%
0" M *p$$ -$08$5<'B$ M 6p%@ %0" M *$8$&": &%
? <5 M $&?w*$F%k#,24&$";*$0%1/'B$&*/";*/"
6p8$0k$&*$57/@"i ? &%q%68%6p8D,2@ M *%q(% M " M 576" 2%q@"=$.,21/')" ,213 &1H,$?".')%81$
"&?' S/6/,*$G

AVA&&A &+B>N& IK*

1e x_.nQrc ,h [i.[x]e"r[i.[V.WYXZ\[]Xqh [[znQrN],c


l,[e ucmuWYXqh [c],W-xe uuh [i.[Muv_aW9l,c ik[uikWY_a[eKui.c
_aWYX\e"rYXqle cM

$ &3<8B")$i/@"i%"&1(%`8;9%,w"&1/0,-$&*/%6p" 2%7$ ,t6$>8$9{$>:F"&8


|Nf~ Ow 8B"&*`,'B${?"i1.
@" F6/,-$&4"&%.6p" 2%i31 &1"&8%i(@ M $&1%i"@",2??%?"9"&:6" %F@ M 68), M "&1/')%=*$T8/" ,"
6p" -$6$ ,RF>%*$.F8@:&5"5e$&??, M 5N?@?6p"&1*/"&@$i*p$>1$&4"&%q"i?F$',?9"&:<GNOw 8"&*,'B${?"
@"5<?" M "&??F$@" F6/,-$&"4 &%5<?F$',?9{$>4!>%"d6p8%6/,2,-$&4"&%/5%31 &1"&8%(@ M $&1%6"&8B"& "&8D,-$
*" M %8D')"w" ')"&81$5<"@"d,?')%;0" M *p$ND@?',24&$5<@"d6p%`8A$ 23@1?tw'B$ M #p M ($ M $<
*p$0<,21*,2&$ ',0k$k
G 0"&8*p$>*"/@"5/?" M %=$&*`0"&1/')%i*/%="&1(%8;$>% M @1*%5p')%*/%?
6p"&8"& "&8D,$ M Gk$&?*";/@" M $&1" ,28$*" 0";?"&8w"&1/')"&1*`,*/%l/@";%i"&1(%8w @ M 6p8D,2@
')%*$&?;$&?; %,2?F$>?;*p
$ 8/" ,-5/0")$<?"l$>, M $51%=$N
6 <')@/2%i6 8 6p8D,2%G L 6%8/@"
8$>!: >%
?%98"&@$; 8@:5k0")$<?"'B$ M #p M $>, M $5`1%l?"&@@3$&8 Gl%8w"&?H?F$&?@" F6%?,2@4
"&??"
6p%`*"0"&8t/@"
1 >%
(%@/0"@$/@"&8D@?',24$0,21*`,2$',0$5k6p%`8B/@";"&?? $;
1 >%l;@ M
$ ')8D,#p@/')% ,0<,1%Gw?w$ ')8D,#p@/')%`? ,0<,21%?A@? &%
$D@?',24$<5%l$ M %85$ M ,2?"&8D,2 `8B*`,-$"
%#" M G Li "&@?$d@?',24$ M "&? M $5<% O M %8 M "&? M %5$i,2?"&8D,2@ 8*,-$ M "&? M $"%
7" MM "&? M %5/"%1*""&??"&?;$')8),#@/')%?"&?6' &%1 &%=@" F<,?')"
1$&*$
*/"0,213$>14$<5$&?
?, M 5&1"&1(@ M $D@?',24&$t0,21*`,2$',0$G
I0 K
%k,?@"%iF@ M 68D, M "&1/')%i*$ 8/" ,^"
$6$,F&%i*$F8@:9%8$ M "&1/')"&1*,2*/%?
6p%`8 M @/,')%? 5$');(%FD"5 % M %$>?*/@$&?F%,2?F$>?w6" -$&?/@$ ,2?%`"&1(%8w*"&@?F$',?9{$<
!4 >%;6" 2%3 &1"&8%(@ M $&1%"*/"&?')"d',8$>??"$*$&1$>4!>%;68" 0,2?'B$%@l/@"w2(""&?'B$ 0$
*"&?',1$>*p$<56" 2%l1@" F%l"5/$&% M "&? M %')" M 6%5k6p" 2%6p8D,21L<6/,2%*/"@"%i(% M " M
?F$ 0%=6" -$
9l>? " M /@"
,2?')%$>??, M 57?"&3@/,2@?H"l%*%3 M $i*p$, M 6@/'B$&"4 &%q*/%
M &8),')%*%
`"&1(%85&')% M $>1*%/?""&??F$&?t*/@$&?tF%,2?F$>?F5<@"d',21($ M ?,2*/%
*% M &8D,')%
*%"&1(%85>" M 2@3$&8N*p$d?F$ ',2?9)$&"4 &%G$&?N,2?')%;?H@F@ M #"w6" $>?A %,2?F$>?A/@"w9%8$ M
*,'B$>??%#8";%l @ M 6p8D, M "&1/')%l*
$ 8/" ,6" 2%`"&1(%8w"6%8`@$6$ R, F>%l1$F8@:<G L 5
$&% M "&? M %')" M 6p%5k6%*"{?"0"&8w@"
$, M 6@/'B$&"4 &%i*/% M &8D,')%i@ M $@" F<6p8"&? ? >%
0k$>:,-$5N$.
1 &%?"&8;/@"
6%8;" -$.?"."&1/')"&1*p$i$.8" M ,2?@? &%*%?6"&&$&*/%?
*" 6%,2?
*$
6p"&1/,' &1H,-$576%8@$>1/')%qF%k,? $=$ 23@ M $i*/%`"&1(%8;6%*/"i?"&8, M 6@/'B$&*$$&%(%/
M " M 5 M $&?$?F$ 0k$>!4 >%6p%`*"?"&8w$&*&D@*,2&$&*$6p" 2%l`"&1(%8t*" 6%,2?w@"%
(% M " M
6p8$',&$l$b6p"&1/,' &1H,-$5/,2?')%5*/" 6p%,2?;/@"K0
"
8"& %1("& "
?"&@?6"&$>*%?"57*p!$ <-5
*"&?,?')"w*" 2"&?F5>"t,?')%6p" 2%`"&1(%8 G L 1/6' &%
$? $ 0k$>!4 >%;2("?% M "&1/')"$>*D@*`,2$>*p$<5
6p%k,?/@"l%(% M " M
1 &%l?F$0%6p%8?"&@ M &8D,')%%@6p%`8;?@$6p 8 68D,-$;D@?',24$<5
M $&?6" %`"&1(%85 / @" M ?%`:,21(%q % M #$')"&@".0"&1F"&@!%?,21/9"&8B1%`?F5N" / @" M
?%:H,21(%5 'B$ M # M 5& % M #$')"t6p" 2%;(% M " M "t0"&1F"w%?,1/9"&81%?N6%8N" 2"G

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne& FVJI

107

I 7K L ??F$>?$> 4
`"&?@? &%i% M &8D,')%i"b$wD@?',24&$*%=`"&1(%85/"" -$>?1>%.6p%*/" M $<
M $ ,2?w?"&8e, M 6@/'B$&*$&?$>%
(% M " M 56p%,2?F5k?"9%?H?" M , M 6@/'B$&*$&?F5% M &8D,')%
"$t)@?
' ,24$*/%l`"&1(%8A?H"&8),-$ M $6p8%68D,$>*%`?t6p" 2%
(% M " M % M %l?"9%??H" M ?"&@?F5`",2?')%
$ M $ ,2?e9%,`9" ,')%1" M ?"w6%*/"w9)$&: "&8 G`";$, M 6@/'B$&4"&%2("9%??"*$&*$5%
(% M " M
, M 6"&1/,')"&1/')"
" < M 6,2%i6%*/"&8),-$b, M 6@/'B$&8;$
?,% M &8D,')%=*/%`"&1(%8"5/6%8;$&??, M
6p"&1? $&85?"&8D@?',9,&$&*/%5@$>1*%5p')%*$ 0,-$<5/,2?')%=?"&8D,-$
%1?6@8$>8%?F$>1/')%=6" 2%
6p8%9)$&1%/5"68B%k9{$>1$&8%=1% M "
*/%"&1(%`8FG%8/@"
?"&8D,-$
')"&8%=6"&1?F$ M "&1/')%1%
"&1(%`8"
$0%1/'B$>*"1%.,1/9"&81%5"5F%`1/')@*%57$0%1/'B$&*/"

%i')%*/%=*/%=(% M " M G
L F,2?')"l$9
*/" "&@?;"l$b9
*/%=(% M " MX $9
*/" "&@?')" M %?@"6p8$',&$ M $
6p"&1/,' &1H,-$5`6%8 M $9*/%i(% M " M ' M %`?/@"

1 &%6p8$ ',2&$ M $6"&1/,' &1,-$<5"


,2?')%$ ,21*$w/@"t6p"&1?H" M 1$, M 6@/'B$&"4 &%G L $t9w*" "&@?t0,0$5<"&1@$>1/')%b$d9*/%
(% M " M w@ M $9 M %8D'B$kG
I 2/K / @"w%"&1(%8 M "&? M %;"`"&@?*`,?HL<6@/%`?N')"&1($ M 68B"&3$&*/%$t6"&1/,' &1,-$"
$w8" M ,2?? &%*%?6p"&&$&*/%?F56p%*/"?H"t0"&876p" 2%;/@"w?"w?"&3<@" X
YO/Q WFo`W s [SiQ&f [o=UceRFQ nU/R;Q
UjT Q&R}oU<QT_WceQ&aThE&a s TVUgc[`RFuo/Q
WFQwUceR [TVSi[o[;RFQTVa[;j/[W s &o`WxyUhDFzN}{{

YO/[r/[
jpTWWFQ
} ;UTRFoh[WjTnpa[WjQtcQ&aTEh &a s TUd&O/gD]&i[lSiU s /Uj/[
Q Wh=c[W&h[\+!RFUT jU`W/RF_`[RFQ W&h[j/UPV^/RF_`[RFQuoQar[!j/[S
R oph[WFQ&RF s [RhU/j/UQvVU/afFU/jUa[[n[xy o s ^})|<&

OQ W oWjTWWFQ}YpQar/[NkT <Q&RFj/Q W^cQ&aThE&a s TVUgh[`j[W;VBceQ&R Q s Q&R QTWxy o s


^}/g F
YO/Q WFo`WVceRFQ nUaj/[[t_U/a/npQvV/[j/[RFQTVa[jf
Q ;Q&o`WFgtjT Q&aj/[}V
Z [`SctvVQh[oWFQ[lhQ&S;c[`gQUceRF[<TVSi[opWFQ[
RFQTVa[.jQ,Q&oW&&U<QT&ceQ

aThE&a s TVUg<Q s R Q&j/Qwa[t_Ua/nQvV[7xy s <H}){zg&

OQ W oWQ&a_/T[`oq[WbjTW s ceov[kWFgNuoQ&gwYWFUpTVaj/[gcR Q nUR US\uoQekT <Q WWFQ&S


cQ&aThE&a s TUNxy s 7}{~&

OQ W oWwjpTWW QU/[WU&cJWh[vV[Wwuo/QvVQ W s [a_TVaUceR Q npU/R;Y2Q&SQ&o


a[SiQ
UcQ&aTEh &a s TVUQ
URFQ&S=TWWFr/[=j/[WceQ s U/j/[WUqh[jU`WU`WaU/fFmQ W g s [SiQ
fFU/aj[tc[RNO/Q&RFo`WFUvV&Sx/y o s H~zN}2z/F&

O[`r[;ceRFQ n[oY[kUphTWFSi[ijUcQ&aThE&a s TUaU=RFQ&S=TWWFr/[ij[kWcQ s U/j[Wx


y o s H^}gH s <F}2zF
" 2%{#$ ',2? M %E7?"w"&1/')"&1*/"$w-$0k$&3<" M
"w?"w ($ M $w8"&3"&1"&8$>4!>%G

"&?6/,28),')@$5</@"$w-$0k$&3<" M

I-JK
O6"&1/,' &1,-$w"$d8" M ,2??@&%;*/%?N6"&$>*%`?? &%$&??, M
M O[`r[X
" P

*/%?6"&&$&*/%?

*/"&? 8D,'B$>?6" 2%b`"&1(%8

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne&`F I w

BY AQTV[U[WtQ&oWFgSiU`W[WtQ&oWwar[
+RFQ s QQ&R USigSiUWwUlh[j/[W[Wuo/Q
RFQ s QQ&R USigj/Q&o)vVQ Wc[j/Q&R gBceUR Uu`oQ[WWFQ&STv/[WAj/QQ&oW g[kWuo/Q
s @R &Q&S a[Q&ola[`SQ&g`[Wuo/UpTWaU`W s Q&R U/S ar/[
j[kWWFU/a/npo/Q WFg/aQ&SjU
_[ahU/jQj/U s UR aQ&gaQ&S jU._[ahU/jQj/[
_UR r/[gSiUWj/
Q ;Q&o`WxyH}{B
F
6p" 2%?tB`"&@?FE7?"w"&1/')"&1*/"w@"w"&8$ M "&1/'6>%;*$,&3<8")B$d%1*/"w($ 0,-$$$-$ 08$k6" 2%?
{9-,2(%?*/" "&@?FEt"D@"F 8 &" M 1%`"&@1% M "Ew?""&1/')"&1*" M %?@" 86 &" M 1%
"&1(%`8w";F 8 &" M 1$$$08$`6p" 2%?D?F$&13<@"&?FEt?";"&1/')"&1*/" M $&?d9{$?,9,2$>4
`"&?*$
$$08$"$&?F%1/9,28 M $> 4
`"&?w9)$ 2?F$&?d6p%`8w"&??" M " ,2%p{0%1/'B$&*/";*$;&$&81"Et;%.68B%/
6p8D,2@ M 0%2@1/'BC>8),2%=*/%=(% M " M 5/@"
" M ?,9{$2?%^D1$&?H,2*/%?;*/" "&@?FE@? &%%?
@"d9%`8$ M 8"&3"&1"&8$&*/%?e6p" 2%
"&1(%`8FG%8A!$ <?"dK0 /@"@? &%?F$ 0%`?$&/@" "&?w/@"
"&?6' &%1%#p" M */%q$ M %8;".1%?;0"&8%?*$96p" 2%q"&1(%`857".@".
1 &%"&?6' &%1%
6p8%68D,2@ M G

U VkWYXZ[]9^-n\cXr[c [je eXq[jjnaxycXq[^lZc w


xyc i.[ke"b"Z\[jikWWYn\uW ^-ncXr[jmcbKc- ],cM^-loZ\c w
xyc i.[.eb"Z[i.[sZ\[TxyW-x
$ &{38")$
1&%?"
?F$ #"
%@/')8$.F%k,? $l?H"&1&%@".%aG`,2(%*/" "&@?.@ M $
|~ T
%@/')8$"&??%$*$ ,0,21*p$>*"5<*`,2?',21/'B$*$"&??H%$*%
$,*$@<0" M $d9$8"&?6" ,')%
*".@ M G`,2(%*/" "&@?1$>?,2*/%*/"l" ')"&81/,2*$&*/"G7% M %,2?')%qi@1/,0"&8?F$ M "&1/')"
8"&F" #/,2*%5k"?H"')8$'B$;*/" "&@? 5
1 >%l?";*C%$>?, &%.%@i6"&8 M ,2? ? >%
6$&8$?"6"&1?F$&8
?%#8"l,2??H%qF% M $ 23<@ M "&1/')"&1*, M "&1/')%5e1" M M "&? M %+?%#8"=%/@"i0" M $?"&8
D1$&?H,2*%*"" ')"&81/,*$&*/"EHG%k,?t/@" M 6p"&1? $?%#8",2??H%
F% M "&1/')"&1*`, M "&1/')%
" M
3"&8$ N*,2:; %1?,23<% M "&? M % X &?')%l')8$>1?F"&1*/"5 M $&?F5$>??, MM "&? M %5/*`,23%{%i6%8
@"l$>??, M *,2: " M 5"
8B" ,2%=1/,2??H%i6p%`8B/@"l$&?H?, M 8 &" M EGq$,#$ M 56%8 M 5/@"
1&%!@" F,2?')"@ M G`,2(%!*"q" ')"&81/,2*$&*/"5 M $&?=/@"q%`"&1(%8iq*"q" ')"&81/,2*$&*/"G
/ @$>1*%
?"?F$#p"%
/@"%l`"&1(%8t"%
@"T
% G`,(%/5<6p%`*"{?"'B$ M #p M 6"&1?F$&8
F% M "&1/')"&1*`, M "&1/')%;?%#8" "&@?N')8D,2@1%5&"w
1 >%$&1/')"&?>G

I0 K
P;@ M $&1%+*%!"&1(%`85e %1F" #/,2*%+*"`7^5e%7$ ,-5t"1$&?H,2*%!*$

0,283" M
$&8D,-$% G`,(%*/" "&@?>G&{?')%?"w0 H$>8$ M "&1/')"6p" -$&?w?H"&3@/,21/')"&?t6$>??F$<
3"&1?&G LNM o s UWX

Y-U/a]&[ URTVQv [TNQ&a_/TU/j/[bce[R9;Q&o`W


UqoSiU s Tj/U/jQ.jU UvTvVTVU/g
s Do ]&[a[SiQ.;
U<U/RFQh/gUo/SiU_TVRHnpQ&S j/Q Wc[kWFUj/Uce[R.oS _U/RFr/[
s oD]&[=a[SiQ
Q&RFUiO/[WF&g7jU s U`WFUjQ9U_/Tj7P[=a[`SQ.jUq_/TRHnQ&S Q&RFU

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne& FVJK

107

U/RTVU7 [n[u`oQ.[U/a]&[Q&ahR [oqUqQvVUgNjTWWFQ}tUpvV_Q&gth[ s U/j/UceQvU


npR Uf U/g[lQ&a/[R; s [ahTn[gQ&ajThU=Q&ahRFQU`WSiovVQ&R Q WwvVUV_`Q&a
j[WFQAceQ&Rho/R&Uj/U s [`S WFoU`WceUvU/_R UW gcQ&a/WF[`o=uo/Q;WFU/o/jU/fFr/[.WFQ&R&TU
Q WWFU7!UWA[Ua]&[vV/QwjpTWWFQ}>
r[hQ&SiU`WFg!U/RTVU/gU s /UW&hQHnpR U/fFU
Q&S
;Q&o`W}QTW
uoQ s [`a s QQ&R `WVpQcU/R&TR `Wbo/
S pTvV[geQ s /USiU/RF`Wl[
pQ&o
a[SiQtOQ W oWeWhQdWFQ&RFnR Uaj/Q&gQWFQ&R s U/SiUj/
[ pTv/[
j/,
[ );vhW&
WTVS[l!UW!U/RTVUqjTWHWFQlU/[U/a]&[}wZ7[Si[=WFQeU/R TW&h[gc[R uo/Qlar/[
s [a/Q&f [_U/RFr/[ Q Wc[`ajQ&aj/[)vV/Q&g[U/a]&[jTWHWFQ} tS eWctR&Th[
WFUah[_TVR WF[R QhTVgQUl_/TR&ho/jQj/,
[ );vhWHWTVS[lhQ s [R&TVRF.jQWF[S=R U/g
cQvV[;uo/QhU/Sk&S [u`oQaUW s Q&R
jQhTg<WFU/ah[gQwW Q&RF s U/SiUj/z
[ pTvV/[
j
Q Q&oWx/yH}~p/&

Ow/@/,k?H"w*,2: X DF%1 " #"&8C>?"t6$&8D,28C>?@ M 9-,2(%5 L ?')"w?"&8Cw38$>1*"5>"w?"&8Cw ($ M $&*/%


G ,(%i*/% tO 'B<?H?, M %/EB5 M $>?F5`2%3%i*/" 6p%,2?F5D% / @"1$&?HF"&8*"',-5?F$>1/')%5?"&8CF($<
`
M $&*/%\`
G ,2(%+*" "&@?FE5N6" 2%/@"==" 0<,*/"&1/')"=/@"=%qP@ M $&1%+F%1 " #/,*/%q6%8
"&@?F5>"w1$&?H,2*%*p$0,283" M $>8D,$dw%;/@""w ($ M $,`
G ,2(%;*/" "&@?&G
I
7 K LNMC WFUVUW}
Y- pQ&a/[R_[Wjio/SWTVaUv-}NQTWFgU_TVRnQ&S

s [a s QQ&RFQceUR&TVRFoS

pTvV/[gQtQ&oa[SiQtWFQ s /U/SU/R Q&oW s [a[W s [x/y/}2z&


wo/Q;[Mp
 TvV[.aUW s TVj/[lj/U_/TRHnQ&SQ s [`a s QTVj/[lj/Q,;Q&o`WW Q]U[u`oQWFQ
s /USiU=Y%;
 Q&o`W s [a[W s [xgU`WWTVSig[
uo/Q[pTvV[
j/Q;Q&o`WFgQ&_TVj/Q&ahQ

I2/K

wo/QtWFQ]&UU`WWTVSigBce[j/QWFQ s [aTR SiURwhU/Sk&S ce[R7UhQ&o`WyH}~~g>~&


LNMCWFUVUW}
Y)tS !Q&aTVa[a[kWaU`W s Q&ogo/
S pTvV/[lW Q
a[Wj/Q&ogWF[R Q s oD]&[=[S=R [
Q Wh[cR&TVa s T ceUj/[wQW Q s /USiU/RF[iQ&oa[`SQ!U/RFU/_TvV[W [gZ[`a
WFQvVQTVR [g Q&oWFg@?lQ&R@TWFgpUTj/UQhQ&RFaTVj/Uj/Q&g RVa s T ceQwj/UceU/xyD|}

0K {?";$ M "&? M $F%,2?F$$&/@/,-56%,2??H";*,2:;* M ="&1/,21%l1%`?1$&?HF"&@5`@ M G`,(%.?"


1%?t*"&@E5<@"1&%@ M G`,2(%*"" ')"&8B1/,2*$&*/"5 M $>?A@ M G`,2(%
1$>?,2*/%
1% M @1
*%a
G &?')%i'B$ M # M
" 0<,2*"&1/')"6" -$&?6$ -$ 08$&?;*/%i68B%k9" 'B$>?F51%i0"&8?&G 57"
6" $>?
6$-$ 08$>?*%$&1D
% w$ #8D,2" `$$>8D,$<15 8/@&$&
? 5 3X 7 05 77 5&/@"w ? >%;?" M " 2($&1/')"&?&G
I-JK

LNM $ 0<,2* X

Y
) ao/a s TVU/RFQT/j/[lQ W&hUphoh[g/jpTWWFQOw/B/}V Q&okp TvV[`g ogto/[]&Q
QwnQ&R QT2VLtQT ]&UT[zpTvV/[gcU/R U
uoQar[WFQTR Q&gQcQ&R Q&fFUTWa[ s U/S=T

a[x/yUpvH~^}2<g`~

1" M $>@/,?""&1/')"&1*/";@ M G`,(%.*"" ')"&8B1/,2*$&*/"5 M $>?%G`,2(%l1$>?H,*/%l1% M @1


*%/56%8@$>1/')%l;@ M $6p8%9"&H,$?%#8";%="&1(%`8/@";0<,8D,-$G=%`8w,2??%i?"F($ M $

tt&&tF>BH&Ne<&F  /{*
D"&?'B$ ')@/')%E5*/%
/@$ /`7$>1@1,2%@$ $0,2*D(%FD"Et1&%l*";" ')"&81/,2*$&*/"5
M $&?"&?'BCd1%')" M 6p%G
I`K

LNM $ 0<,2* X

EY p[`RFQTa[SiURwUo/U
Sr/[VwvQeQ s /U/SU/R g !Q&opUT W`o` Ao
qj/UR QTc[R`pR&TVSi[n&aTh[x/yUpv&|}~~ &

LNM ')%*/%"&??H"/$ M %?"d')8$ 'B$*%


`"&1(%8/@"w0,28D,-$5>6%8N,2??%?""&1/')"&1*/"Od@" 2"
@"F($ M $&8Cd`7="&@i$,5</@"?"&8C%
8D, M %`31 &1/,')%5$&??, M 5</@"%TG`,2(%
*" "&@?&G

I >K Ot2 M *`,?H?%5`" M %@/')8$6$&?? $&3" M 5`%1*/"F($ M $&*/%$>8$*%.')8%1 %*/"


"&??E&? $G5L5HD5)B5e6e"&1%0%*/" $0,2*pE
"&8FG0 7XJ 5 B5tB`" M "&1/')"=*/" M @/("&8E
 o &1NG 7X 5 J B5<* 1/,23 &1/,')%/E^ 5 X 5 ' H$>F"&8*/%')"*/"" ')"&81/,2*$&*/"EN"`"&1(%8E)/$ M %
5L56: 3X 2 5 J G
I '/K ,
$ &{38")$t@*p$,2$<5&6" 2%b G`,2(%*/" "&@?FEN?""&1/')"&1*,-$%
="&??,$>?F5$@" M
&" ?6"&8$0k$ M "w? $ #/,$ M /@"w,28D,$1$>?F"&8e" M 7" M G / @"w6%8A G`,2(%*/" "&@?FEN" 2"&?
')"&1($ M "&1/')"&1*`,*/%;% M "&??,$>?F5&w" 0<,2*"&1/')"t6%8N"&?'B$&?6$>??F$&3<"&1?&G LNMPO/[r/[X
,2??";"&*/8% Y-Z7R Q&S[kWQR Q s 
[ aQ s Q&Si[Wu`oQoi W[Z7R&TWh[gpTvV/[lj/[

;Q&o`WA_TV_Q&ahQxyD}|<&
% M "&? M % X

Yo WA[Z7R&TWh[g pTvV/[;jQQ&oW guo/QwU/_TVUjQw_TVRtU[So/aj/[xyH}~/F&

LNM!UhQ&oWX
!68D,1H,6$*%`??F$>F"&8*/%')"&?,1/')"&88%3<%@$"&?@??"1&%i"&8$%.78),2?')%/5
G`,2(%;*/" "&@?>&"&?@?*`,?H?" XYto[[o^x/y~p7}-kgz s {zN}-k~&
LNMO/[r/[X
YeWhU`W s [TWFU`W[R US

Q W s R&ThUWcU/R Uluo/Q s R QTVUpTWuo/QwOQ W oW[lZ7RTWh[`g

pTvV/[;j/Q;Q&o`Wxy~}7{ghU/S=&SP s <F}{>
8D,2?')%E7w@ M $t6$ -$08$w3<8B"&3$w/@"w?,231/,9,&$13>,*/%5>?" M " ($>1/')"$"&??,-$&?e1$
R<13<@$w(" #8$ ,2$kG%87,?H?%%N& %*,2??" X
Y ) s U/Si[WA[w!Q WWTVU`WFgu`oQw&g>WFQhRFU/j/oTVj[gZ7RTWh[x/y z~&
L " M

%`@/')8$6$>??F$>3" MX

(Y TWW QU.SiopvV/Q&R}/QT`uoQ[!Q WWTVU`W_Q&Sig[.uoQ s /U/SU/j/[Z7RTWh[7x


yzN}~&

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q t

107

I 56: K / @"Y
$ 8/" ,"w%?A8%9" 'B$&? 5&%@')%*$$$$08$w*/%w" 2(%-N"&?'B$ M "&1/')%')8$')"
*%"&1(%859%, M %?')8$>*%;1%$6N<')@/2%68), M " ,28%G%87,?H?%5 6" 2%G`,2(%;*" "&@?
1&%;?H"t6p%*/"w"&1/')"&1*/"&8^%`@/')8B%?"&1&%;%fP;@ M $&1%@"w%`"&1(%8N3"&8%@
1% M @1*/%G
!$ <k?H"w?"&3@"w/@" L "ww%@"w?"w"&1/')"&1*/"t6" %6 G`,2(%E0,21*/%;*/"t`7^5
F%`1/9%8 M "t9%,*,')%;*/%; &@5&/@$&1*/%;"&8$t#$ ',2:$>*% X

YeWhQiQ&opTvV/[qUSiU/j[`gQ&S doQ&S !Q s [S;ceRFU[7xyUhDN}{{


s <H})D o s ^}~~Hg
6p%k,?t"&@TP@ M $&1%;"&8$t#$ ',2:&$&*/%G L 5>@$>1*%`"t')8$&1?9,23@8%@ X
YeWhQiQ&
o pTvV/[U/SiUj/[gtQ&S wo/Q&S
y!UphD{}VpkU/R s &|} o s |7}&

L &5 'B$ M #p M 5<" M 


' X0
% @/')8$d6$>??F$>3"&1?F5< % M %b$ 'G N
5 3X 72 5 2= 7X 5 ' JpX 0 J 56: X7 5L5 X32 G

Q s [S;ceRFU[`gAUqwvVQ=[o/_Tx

= 5 2NX377

7 X 5L5H5 JX37N= k%G


<G 

, ~ M $.0"&:.@".6" % G`,2(%*/" "&@? E?"="&1/')"&1*/"=%`"&1(%8


/@$&1/')%$>%
P;@ M $>1%
@"3"&8%@i1% M @1*/%5%
/@$ % ,0,21%TP;@ M $>1%5" 0,2*/"&1/')"%
/@"

?,231/,9,&$w%"&1(%8N*`,2:F"&8N'B$>1/'B$&?e0"&: "&?A/@"{9%,"&1/0<,$>*%
$&% M @1*%6" %
$,-EN"
?F$ ,2@i*/%l$ ,-EHG%8D?"&8w"&1/0<,-$&*/%$&% M @1*%6p" 2%7$ ,-Et?";"&1/')"&1*/";/@"9%,F%`1
F" #/,2*%*/"wN5<%b7$ ,G / @"
1 &%?")$"&1/')"&1*,2*$%`@/')8$ %,2?F$d6p%`8AD?"&8A"&1/0<,-
$&*/%Ew"
D"&1/0,-$&*/%i*%$ ,-E5/6%*/"?"0"&86p%8')%*$&?$&?6$&?? $&3"&1?%1*"'B$ M #p M
9%k,*,')%@"d9{$>:,-$$d0%1/'B$>*"*/%l$,p";$;`@$%#8$5$>?w@$,?w"&8$ M 5k@"0"&1 "&8D,-$
%?,21/9"&81%? 5N3&2%8D,9-,2&$&8D,-$i\
% P@ M $>1%5N"&1?,21$>8),-$=$$-$ 08$"i,21?'B$&@8$>8),-$@ M $
1%0k$ &{38")$G L ??F$>?A %,2?F$>?A
1 >%;6%*/"&8),-$ M ?"&8N9" ,'B$&?w$
1 &%
?"&8e6%8A@ M P@ M $>1%
F%`1F" #/,2*%.*"7p"1$&?H,2*%.*";@ M $0,283" M 5k,?')%l5/$;
1 >%l?"&8w/@" "&@?
"d9-,2: "&??" P;% M " M
G 7%1?@/'B$$&?e6$&??F$>3"&1?t%1*/"?H"*`,2:D?"&8t"&1/0,-$&*/%Ee";)"&1/0<,-
$&*/%E5"0"&8C&? 5F% M %
" M $ '4
G 56: 3X 2 :
5 JX 0 2 =<G =73X 7N 
8/@<G 2N3X 247 =73X 2'
56: X 5
J  X 5 J
%(1 7X 5  5 72 2N3X 72 JX 0 7  0 2 5 7 7N' X 0 = 5 7N= 2 :5 242 5 
5 5'
5 0 '
5 0 =
'NX 5 $5 5 ' 5 0 = 5 2 0p =73X 2 5L5 3X 2 0/ 560 3X 242 2/J 5 2= 5 7X 0: 5 2^X 0 2  5 JpX 045 5 7XJ  5 `3X 7 5 ' 5
045B9
5 0 7
5 0 J 0: X 045*/" 6%,2?F5'B$ M #p M $>?q6$&??F$>3"&1?+%1*" %`"&1(%8qF($ M $
7.*"$,-EG

,|4~ @/,')%`?(%FD";1>%
6"&1?F$ M ?%k#p8";%=`"&1(%8%@/')8$ %,2?F$?"&1>%/@"@ M
(% M " M F% M @ M 5e?" M " 2($&1/')"$" 2"&?l68 68),2%? 5e6p%8/@"=6"&1?F$ M ?% M "&1/')"1%
"&@MP;@ M $>1%"1&%
$&% M "&? M %')" M 6p%1% ,0,21%5</@$&1*/%5>')%*p$0,-$5k% ,0,21%
"
"&
@ P;@ M $&1%.1&%6p%*/" M ?"&8w?" 6$&8$>*%?>G7% M " 9" ,')%5%i"&1(%`8w "&@?"P;%/
M " M " "&@?A"-P;% M " M 1%b`"&1(%81>%? >%
*@$>?F5 M $&?w@ M $?>l"&??%/$5$>??, M 5
,21/')" ,8$ M "&1/')"@ M $<5 % M %=$
$ M $"%i %8D6p%i? >%i@ M (% M " M 5/?"&3@1*/%=$*%`@
')8D,1$" M ')%`*%% M @1*/%
F8D,2?'6>%5$/@$ /0" M *%`?wF%1><,%`?w"?H" ($ M $ %@/')8D,-
1$.*pM
$ G/
O'B$&1$&?,$>1$G L $&??, M 56$>8$l/@"57*p$>@/,e6p%8*,-$&1/')"57%(% M " M
1 >%

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<& FVJ1Iw
?" 6$&8"% ,0,21%
"%TP;@ M $>1%
1%`"&1(%856"&4F%/2(";/@"2" ,$$&?d6$>??F$>3"&1?/@"
9%`8$ M ,'B$&*$&?t$&H, M $<5&*/" o s UW 5&"w*/" 6p%,2?N'B$ M #p M "&?'B$<5&*/" UhQ&oWX
Y-!aU`W s TSiQ&ah[
j/QwOQ W oWZ7R&TW&h[N[T`U`WWTVSq}Q WhU/aj[WFo/UlSir/Q;j/Q Wc[/
WFUj/Uj/QO/[W &gwUahQ W=uo/Q s [`a_TV_Q WWFQ&SigU s [oW QhQ&Rj/[eWctR&Th[
pU/ah[
a[
phQ&R [FO/[WF&gW Q&oa[/T_`[g s [Si[lQ&R Ut]&oWh[`gQ;ar/[lUiuo/Q&R&TU
jpT USiU/RFgtuoTWijQT `pDvU+WFQ s R QhUSiQ&ahQPU`W=uoU/aj/[QvVQ
cQ&a/W U_U
aQ WWFU`W s [TWFU`WFgQTWuo/QoS U/a][
j/[Q&a[RUceU/RFQ s Q&opDvVQ;Q&S W [a[`g
jpT <Q&aj[}7O/[WF&gTvV[=j/
Q U_/Tj/gNar[qhQ&SiUW
R Q s QQ&R!U/RTVUlce[RlhoU
a[TV_Ugc[/TWt[;uo/QwaQvU7[T>npQ&R Uj/[;wj/[eWctR&Th[Uah[lceU/RTVR
oS
pTvV/[gQ s /USiU/RF`WA[Q&oa[`SQO/Q WFo`WNvVQVW UpvV_U/RF[Q&oce[_[j/[W
cQ s Uj/[Wj/QvVQ WVtg/jQ WcQ&R&hUaj/[gO/[WF;j/[
WF[`a[g)QWFQ noaj/[ceRFQ W&
s R Q&_Q&o)vVQ
[Ua]&[=j/[iQ&a[R gQlh[`S[`o=WFo/Ua[TV_UpdSiUWar/[=U s [/
aQ s Q&oUhquo/QlcU/R&To WFQ&oceRTVSi[
n &aTh[gQ s U/Si[o[Q&oa[SiQ
OQ W oWx/yH})D~>
%8t"&??F$>?w"6p%8w$&/@" -$&?w %,2?F$&?w/@"?";$& ($ M "&? 8),'B$>?w" M 8/@&$&?$8"&?6" ,')%l*/%
1 $&?H, M "&1/')%*/% `"&1(%85F% M %P'B$ M #p M 6p" -$>?q@"+9%8$ M $&H, M $!8" 9"&8D,*$&? 5

6p%`*"{?";0"&8/@"%6G`,2(%=*/" "&@?FE"&?@?; %1 " #,2*/%=*/"`7^5%$,-5"
1$&?H,2*%*p$0,283" M $>8D,$<5$d8B"&?6p" ,')%;*/%;/@"t')%*%`?A%?e68B%k9" 'B$>?A"$8/" ,$ ')w%N>%
6p8%9" ',2:$>8$ M G

,Y~ / @" M ? $ #";%l/@"?,3<1/,9-,2&$5/1%="&1(%`85/%= G`,2(%*/" "&@?FE5/"%/@"?,-


31/,9,&$1 L 2";%i G`,2(%.*%.(% M " M E5`"&??"6p%`*"0"&8 M @/,')%?;$>8B&$&1%`?*$
$-$ 08$kG
%,2?%`"&1(%8w%8$`"; ($ M $6G`,2(%E5`%8$ G`,2(%l*/" "&@?FE5`%8$
G`,2(%i*/%(%/
M " M E5>" M ')%`*p$d6$&8D')"?"&3<@1*%%
$&??@1/')%*/"/@"?"d')8$'B$G / @$&1*/%?H"w')8$ 'B$*$
@$ ,0,21*p$>*"5/*f
$ 1/, &%iF% M %=$,5/*/%=%*/"&8 ,0,21%5/*T
$ G/

1 L 2"5*$;t,2*$
L
L
M

6p8%0"&1/,2"&1/')"
* "5/"&1/6' >% 2"
" ($ $
G`,2(%Ed"b G`,2(%=*/"
"&@?FE5 % M %=" M
%G JX 5   0 "w%@/')8$&?6$>??F$&3<"&1?&G / @$&1*/%5 6%8 M 5&?"t')8$'B$w*$w6$ R, F&%5<*/%D4
@ <2:F%/5
*%
$&*`0"&1/')%/5"5<" M 3<"&8$ -5<*p$8"&*"&1"4 &%/5*$?F$ 0$&"4 &%5*$8" 9%8 M $"*$8"&3"&1"&8$<
!4 >%5`"&1/6' &% L 2"`"; ($ M $ G`,2(%l*/%l(% M " M E5`6p" -$8$&": &%i*/"/@""&1/6' &%i?""&1
')"&1*" L 2"w/@$&1/')
% $ -$08$G&`"&1(%8*/"&?,231$>*%6%8N0kC>8D,%`?A1% M "&?t1$$ -$<
08$*/%w" 2(
% N"&?'B$ M "&1/')%i$ ,=1% M "$&*/%7pNE5i{`$>(E5`"&1(%8E5
"&@?FE5"&1(%`8w"&(%0,2(E5{7q" #$&%')(E57 "&@?;*/T
" &?8$&" -E5/$&1/')%=*/"
&?8$>" E5 9%8D')"*"$& %#E5 ($&*/*p$,-EB5/ %`F($<EB5`"'B$ M # M 78),-$>*%8E5/6 G/%`8 M $<
*%`8E5/$ 0k$>*%`8E5 e"&*"&1/')%`8E5N" M ')%*$.6$&8D')"i?"&3@1*/%q%$&??H@1/')%q*"i/@"=?"
')8$ 'B$
G ?" M " 2($&1/')"1$!7$ -$ 08$+*/% %0
% N"&?'B$ M "&1/')%5%1*/"+1% M "$&*/%
{k"&?H@?FE5
6 78D,2?')%E5
"&1(%`8E5
"&@? EB5
G`,2(%*" "&@?FE5
G`,2(%E5
B8%9" 'B$<E5
%`8B*/" ,28%E5";*/"%@/')8%? M %`*%? 5`'B$ M #p M 5/" M ')%*p$6$&8D')"5/?"&3<@1*%i%=$&?H?@1/')%
*"w/@"w?"t')8$ 'B$$ ,G

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q 1w

107

~ Ot')$>@/,?"w*`,2??"t6%8N@"w%`"&1(%8Nw ($ M $&*/%b G`,2(%*/" "&@?FEHGOw3<%8$


?"l*`,28C
6%8;/@"l.F($ M $&*/% G`,2(%*/%(% M " M EHGH F($ M $>*% G`,2(%q*%q(%/
M " M E7%1*/"w?"t')8$ 'B$d*p$6$,RF&%/5&*/%AD@4<: %5>*%$>*0"&1/')%"5<" M 3<"&8$ -5<%1*"?"w')8$'B$
*p$8"&*"&1"4 &%/5?F$0k$&"4 &%/58" 9%8 M $";8"&3"&1"&8$>!4 >%!G O 8$&": &%l6p%8/@";% G`,2(%l*/%
(% M " M Et;%`"&1(%8w/@$&1/')
% $-$ 08$k" L 2" M "&? M %l % M %=$
$ -$08$?%98"&@5
D@/3$5p0" ,2%$&% M @1*/%58B"&*`, M ,@5?F$ 0$58" 9%8 M $
"
8"&3"&1"&8$G / @"l?H")B$i$>??, M 5
6p%`*"{?"t0"&876" $>? %,2?F$&?/@"$&3<%8$w?"w?H"&3@" M G
f~ / @"i%`"&1(%8?")$iF($
6$,RF&%/5 0K {?"t6%87,?')% X

M $&*/%6G`,2(%q*/%(% M " M E@$>1*%+?"i')8$ 'B$*$

OQ W oW;jTWHWFQU/[W;jTW s ceopvV[W}wYVwTW;uo/QWFop`TSi[WwcU/RFUiO/Q&RFo`WFUvV&Sg7Q


[
pTvV/[;j/[;[`SQ&SWFQ&R Q&ahRFQ noQwU/[WcR&TVa s T ceUpTWwj[kWAWFU s Q&RFj/[hQ WwQU/[W
Q W s R&TU`WFguo/Q s [aj/Q&aUR r/
[ +
Si[R&hQ&gQ+Q&ahRFQ nU/RFr/[U/[WtnpQ&ahTV[WwQ
U/fF[ThU/RFr/[g7Q s o`WctTR r/[=
a # wvVQ&gQlSiUhUR r/[!UWa[hQ&R s QTVRF[jTU
RFQ WW oRHnTVR ^x/y s * }gzHg
?" M " 2($&1/')";$%@/')8$&?t6$&?H?F$&3<"&1?F5%1*/"?"6p8"&*`,?H?";@$6$ R, F&%5 % M %l" M!UhD
~})D/g`B|k s N}7D o s |7}~~ G
OQ W oWwjpTWW QU/[WjTW s ceopvV[W}YwTWuo/Q s /Q npU.Ul/[RFU/gQ
[ pTvV[
j/[
[/
SQ&SWFQ&R Q&ahRFQ noQwaU`WASir/[WAj/[WpceQ s U/j[`RFQ Wx/y!UphDH~p7}2z>
U/a]&[jTWWFQ +`WSovVQ&R Q Wuo/Q_TVQ&RFU/S U/[lh/SovV[}Y Q&SkRFUT_[Wj/Q
uoQUv[`o s [a_[W s [;u`oQ s [a_/Ta/U
U/[ pTvV[j/[/[SiQ&SWFQ&RwQ&ahR Q npo/Q
aUW;Sir[kWj/[W;/[SiQ&a/WeceQ s Uj/[R Q WFgQWFQ&R s RFo s T T s U/j[`gQ
a[hQ&R s QTVR [
jpTVURFQ WW oRHnTVRxy o s ~zN}-`g &
/ @"%l`"&1(%8w"&1/6' &%i"')"&1($ ($ M $&*/% G`,2(%l*/%l(% M " M Et6%8@"`"6"&8
M ,',2@i/@
" 8/("9,2:F"&??H" M */" M %`*%
?" M " 2($&1/')";$>%
@"',21($ M 9" ,')%l % M $$<
-$ 08$<5& % M %9%k, M %?')8$>*%" MM @/,'B$&?6$>??F$&3<"&1?A$&H, M $G

}-~ / @"i%`"&1(%8?")$iF($ M $&*/%6G`,2(%q*/%q(% M " M E/@$&1*/%?"i')8$'B$=*/%


D@4<: %50K ?H"t6p%87,2?')% X
Y-wo/U/aj[ik
[ pTv/[ij[i/[SiQ&S_TVQ&R9+po/Uinv(`RTVU7Q&ahr/[.pQWFQ&ahU/RF
a[hRF[`a[;jQto/U;nv%RTVUQ s [/v[ s U/RFU`WA[_QvV/UW+
jpTVR QThU
Q[W[j/Q W+
Q WFuo/Q&RFj/U^x/y!UphDH~N}7)g&>

Y-wo/U/aj[

[ pTvV[
j/[
/[SiQ&S QWFQ&ahURa[lhRF[`a[
jQoUnv%R&TVUg]&ov
npU/RFU`WAj[<QhR&T[WAj/QCWFR U/Qv-x/y!UphDD|7}~p>

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<& FVJ1t*
YBA^TVR l[pTvV[
j/[
[`SQ&S aU.nv%R&TVUijQQ&okpUTQ;Q&ahr/[lR QhRToTVRF
s U/jUo/SW Q npo/aj[[WWFQ&o`WQTh[kWxyUhD<D7}~/F&

BY A^TnTUTVQ&Sh[j/[l[hQ&S;ce[g&cU/RFUiuo/Q;_[kWU s /QTWjTna[WVcU/R UQ W&


hUR jQ WtjpTVU/ahQwj[fpTvV/[;j[[SiQ&Sqxy o s ~^H}p<&

Y
U/[R UQ&S uo/Q
ar/[cR Q WFo/SiUpTWFg7[pTvV[j/[/[SiQ&S
~z^}zz o s <~^}z`&

_TVR ^xwy!UhD

Y-v
UpT`ar[N]&ovnpU.UlaTVa/npo/&SigSiUWh[`j[
[N]&o <[
j/Q&oU/[MpTvV/[Vce[R&
uoQwYpTvV/[;j[[SiQ&SqxyO/[BN}~`~g~ &

Oq8$&": &%6%8N/@"w%"&1(%`8`"w ($ M $ G`,2(%;*%(% M " M E7/@$&1*/%;?"t')8$ 'B$d*%


D@4<: %;t6%8@"t')%`*%AD@4<2: %;?"t9)$&:t?"&3@1*/%;% ,0<,21%0"&8%;/@"w"&?'BCw1$$$08$G
/ @"w"&?'B$7D@/3<@"$w&$&*$w@ M 5 L 2" M "&? M %;%;*`,2??"w" MPO/[r[7}

YQUvno/&S [o/_TVRN TVa/UWcUvVU_`RFU`W{HQh[jU/_TVUlar/[ s RFQ&R gtolar/[


[
]ovnp[`gkce[TW
ar[_TVS ceUR U]&opvnUR
[Sioaj/[V1)spUvU/_R Uuo/QtUvVQTVg
Q WhU[]ovnpU/R a[;vhTVS[jpTVUNxy~^}2z/g<zp>

L " M

%`@/')8$6$>??F$>3" MX

pTvV/[!j[!/[SiQ&S ar/[_QTV[Y cU/R Ul]&ovnU/R[Sio/aj[`gSiUW


cU/RFU
s
uoQV&[WWFQWFUvV_[=c[R.vVQuo/Q&S s R Q&R=a# wvVQar/[!]&ovnU/j[gwSiU`W
uoQ&S ar[ s R &g]&=Q W&hw]&opvnUj/[gce[RFu`oQar[ s R a[ia[SiQ
j[apTvV/[
oaT
n &aTh[j
Q Q&oWx/y^}){gD&

/ @"%l"&1(%8t1&%D@/23@"1/,213@ M 6$&8$%,21/9"&81%5k1" M /@"$>1F";$3<@ M $>%


,21/9"&81%5 M $>?/@"w%6p8 68D,2% M $&@
"&?64<28),')%;?H"t$>1F"$d?,6p8 68D,2%5>0")${?"1$%#8$
!Z&o
Q[CHaQ&R a[ 1NG JK2/J JJ :5 J2 HG" 2%lD1% M "*"NE5D*%l`"&1(%8E5
D*% G`,(%*/" "&@?FEe?""&1/')"&1*"% ,0<,1%0"&8%5$&?H?, M 5'B$ M #p M 5$$ -$08$5/@"
0" M
* L 2"5')8$'B$w
* L "w"5<$&??, M 5> L 2"G
,-~ / @"%`"&1(%8?"
($ M "l G`,2(%=*/%=(% M " M E%1*/"
?"')8$ 'B$
*/"l`"&@$&*
0"&1/')%50K {?"t6p%`8,2?')% X

tW
jpTW s covV[WbjT TVU/S U=O/Q WFo`WYwo/UpvN[WTVaUvNjQMQ&o+Uj/_Q&ah[qQijU
s [a/W oSiU/fFr/[j/[WF s ovV[&x+Q&ahr[
[Q&a/[R^ceRFQ&jTWWFQ[WQ WhU/j/[WwWFo
U CnRFQ]&U+Uphi[;TVS Q&gW [R Q=[;TVS jQ WhU/gtjpTWWFQ}Ytahr/[
s Q WW&T_`[Wlj
UceUR Q s Q&RF
[WTVaUpvkjz
[ pTv/[j[[`SQ&SV&Q_Q&R r/[z
[ pTv/[
j/[
[SiQ&S
_TVaj[
aU`Wao_`Q&a/Wj[ s &o s [Sc[j/Q&RQn%v RTVUNxy!UhD~zN}/g
7 s
N}~p/ o s H~7H}~F

At&&tF>B+B&H^eH<&q Kd

107

6p" -$) %1?@ M $>4!>%;*%?&F@/2%E7?"w"&1/')"&1*/"w%9S/', M %')" M 6p%;*$,&{38")$&6" 2%$&*


0"&1/')%;1$>?1@/0"&1?e*%; &@
% M 3&D8D,-$E7?"w"&1/')"&1*/"$$ #"&8D')@8$w*$$-$ 08$d"$
M $&1/,9"&?'B$&"4 &%;*/"w@"$$$08$t9%,"&? 8D,'B$$w8"&?6" ,')%;* L 2"w?% M "&1/')"G L^MUaT
QvX
Y-vV/QT<QQTWFg s [S
y})>

U`Wao_Q&a/Wj/[W s &oW<<[pTvV/[lj/[l/[SiQ&S_TVaj[7x

) ce[ s UvT cNWFQX


%
YwTWAuo/Qw_Q&S

s [SU`WAao/_Q&a/WFgQh[`j[;[/v/[_Q&RFNxyH}2 F
'B$ M # M $>@/,?"t')8$'B$w*/%G`,(%*%;(% M " M 5>F% M %;w" 0<,2*"&1/')"t6" 2%0"&8?&G5 7 $ ,G
" 6%,2?F5&" M %@/')8$6$>??F$&3<" M 5&1% )ce[ s UpvT cWFQX
wo/Uaj/[i[vVQTVgQTWFgo/SUao_Q&S R Ua s UgQWFQ&ahU/j[WF[R Q
Uao/_Q&S
oSWFQ&SiQvVU/ahQwU/f
[ pTv/[;j/[;/[SiQ&Sx/y{zN}{)z>
I0 K
/ @"w%"&1(%87')"&1($<)`"w8B" 9"&8D,2*%;%`8$dF% M %6G`,2(%;*/" "&@?FE5>%8$w % M %
G`,2(%;*/%;(% M " M E5&w" 0<,*/"&1/')"t6%8N?@$w8"&?6%?'B$$&%68D,1H,6$*%?e?F$& "&8*%')"&? X

Y-PW oSi[iWFU s Q&RFj/[hQ


jTWHWFQ
UO/Q WFo`W}Y-Z7[a]&oR [* QceQv
[ ;Q&o`W_TV_Q&ahQ
uoQa[WjTnpU`WWFQfoi W[=Z7RTWh[`g[.pTvV/[j/Q-;Q&o`W1TWWFQDvVQO/Q WFoW}
ol[
jTWWFQ WhQ&g<Aoi+WF[o7!UW_`[WjpTn[}j/Q WFj/QU`n[RFUi_Q&R QTW
[ pTvV/[
j[;/[SiQ&SWFQ&ahU/j/
[ +
jTVRFQThU
j/[ce[j/Q&RFgQ_/Taj/[aUWwao_`Q&a/Wj/[ s &oNx
y!UphDH~p}/g`z>

Ow/@/,

L "6p8D, M " ,28B%*/"&-$&8$./@"ll%q G`,(%*/" "&@? E;"5N" M ?"&3<@/,*$5*,2:l/@"


{ 0"&8D,-$ M %G`,2(%;*%(% M " M ?H"&1/'B$&*/%w*`,28B" ,'B$d*%6%*/"&85&"t0,21*/%;1$&?e1@/0"&1?*/%
F&@E56" %/@"l?"i"&1/')"&1*/"/@"5N*/" 6p%k,?
*$.6$ ,RF>%q*p$F8@:l"&?'B$&8D,-$i1%6p%`*"&8
,0,21%*"i$ #8D,8$7$ -$ 08$l",21?'B$&@8$&8
$ &{38")$57%@"i
1 &%6%*/"&8D,$?"&8;9" ,')%
$&1/')"&?F56p%8/@";
1 &%')"&8D,$0"&1H,2*%.%
,21/9"&8B1%.";3&2%8D,9,&$&*/%`"&Q
@ P@ M $&1%G/@"
?,231/,9,&$)?H"&1/'B$&8w?%#8"$&?1@/0"&1?*/%iF&@Ed"b{0<,8" M 3> `8),-$<EB5`9%,N@" F6/,2&$&*/%i1$
[ CaQ&RFa[ 1N(G 5DG
%#8$ Z7&oQw,
E %1*".?"
')8$'B$l*$.8"
o~ / @"
%"&1(%8?")$. ($ M $&*/% G`,2(%*/%(% M " M
*"&14"&%/5&?F$0$&4"&%5>8" 9%8 M $w"w8"&3<"&1"&8$>4!>%5 0 ?"t6%87,2?')% X
Y-
pTvV/[;j[[SiQ&S_Q&SVceUR U
j/URwU
UvVSU
Q&S
jQwSioTh[kWxyUhD~e}~pk s <6}2z&
Y-
pTvV[=j/[=/[SiQ&S
DN}{B o s &|}Vp<&

_Q&S

RFQ&j/Q&afFr/[Q&S

vVonUR

cU/RFUWFUvV_URxQ
ar/[ceUR UjQ WhR oTR
y!UhD

AVA&&A &+B>N& K*


Y-
pTvV/[lj/[l/[SiQ&S_Q&ScU/R Uo`W s U/R;QWFUv_`UR;U/uo/QvVQuo/QWFQceQ&R&
jQ&R U^x/y o s D|7}{*`&
pTvV/[j/[/[SiQ&S
y2O/[N}{{ &

_Q&S

Y cU/R Uuo/Qi[qSo/aj/[WFQ]&UqWFUvV_[lc[`RwvVQx

Y-doQtW Q&SQTVUUbk[U;W Q&SQ&ahQww[pTvV/[;j/[;[`SQ&Sqx/y!UphD^}/F&

Oo<?"')8$'B$*$8"&*"&14"&%
"*$?F$ 0$&4"&%5/@"5 % M %
? &%9" ,'B$&?d6p" 2%i"&1(%8t6%8
M " ,%*$7$ -$ 08$5>6p%`8N,2??% L 2"$ ,p`" ($ M $6`
G ,2(%
*/%
(% M " M EHG "&1(%8t*`,?
?" X

wo/Q
[pTv/[=j/[=/[SiQ&S
~^}{*7 o s N}~zg

hQ&S

ce[j/Q&RceUR URFQ&jTVSTVR[WceQ s /
U j/[Wby s

,2?')%;5 6$&8$d?F$ 0k$>8 G L 'B$ M # MX

wo/Qi[pQ&a/[Rij[WFUUhgc[`RFuo/Q==[pTv/[j/[/[SiQ&S
~^}-k s ~N}~p o s 7}g

6p%`8B/@"w$7$ -$ 08$5&/@" L 2"w"&1?,21$G6O M

y!UhD

*`,2??%5 L 2"w*`,2??"w" MPO/[r[7}

Y R UUpvV/UpTNceQvVU s [S=TVjU/gar/[UPuoQlceQ&R Q s Q&gSU`WU s [S=TVjUuo/Q


cQ&R SiUaQ s QlcU/R UUP_TVjUPQhQ&R aUgUuo/Uv[pTvV/[j/[P[SiQ&S _`[W
jU/RFNxyD}~F

6p" -$;D % M ,2*p$<E?""&1/')"&1*/"')%*p$0"&8*$&*/";"')%*/%


#" M *$;*/%@/')8D,21$68%0"&1/,2"&1/')"
*p$7$ -$ 08$<5$&??, M 5<*%
`"&1(%8 G,?H?%/@"w'B$ M #p M ?H""&1/')"&1*/"$ ,6" 2%l M $>1CE
"t6p" 2%{
6 &%E7/@"w*"&?HF"&@
*/%; &@NG L 'B$ M # M 6%87,2??%5>1% M "&? M %;&$ 64<')@/2% X
YQar/[ s [SiQ&RFj/Q WU s UR aQj
[ pTvV/[
j[
/[SiQ&SigQI 1&% KAQQ&R jQ W[
pQ&oWFU/a/npo/Q&gar/[hQ&R QTWt_TVjUQ&S_Wx/y_Q&RHWB`

$)&$&81"EN%`@l%
6&%/EN%#p" M *%
$ M %8N68%0"&1/,2"&1/')"*p$$-$ 08$k%
D?F$&13<@"EN%@
%b{0<,1(%/EN%#p" M *p$96p8%0"&1/,2"&1/')"*$;7$ -$ 08$<5@ M "%`@/')8B%68%0"&1/,2"&1/')"&?w*/%
"&1(%`8FG
I0 K
7%,2?F$?" M " ($>1/')"?,231/,9,2$>*p$" M
2(%;*%(% M " M E>5 F% M %;1"&?'B$ X

%@/')8$&?6$>??F$>3"&1?F5/%1*/"?"*`,2: G`,-

Y )WR U&c[W UWbhE&S WFo/U`Wbh[ s UWFg7Q


[WceWHWFUR [WV/aTa/[WFg7SiUW[apTvV/[
j[/[SiQ&S ar[hQ&S [aj/QR Q s vTVaU/RqU s UQ&f U^x
yUhDN}~7 o s
|}VpHg

6p" 2%@"?""&1/')"&1*/"@";$;7$ -$ 08$1&%')" 0"2@3$>8A % M %?D@*"&@? 5F% M %'B$ M


#p M %b`"&1(%8*`,2??" O/[r[
N}/ B5<1" M 6p%`*,-$6"&8 M $>1"&F"&8t % M " 2"&?F56p%8/@";

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne& FVJ

107

1&%q8"& %1("&F"&8$ M O[`r[=N}/gNp| G^" % G`,2(%q*%q(% M " M E


`"="&1/')"&1*/"=%
"&1(%`8^/@$&1/')f
% $-$ 08$'B$ M #p M 1%,O6p%&$ ,6?" X
Y
[qSiQT[qj/[W
WFQhQ s Uaj/QvVUpkRF[Wx_TYoS W Q&SQvV/UahQU[pTvV/[j/[
[SiQ&Sig s [`S oS\_Q WhTVj[ s [S;cR&TVj[ RQ s TV/
a nTVj/[qa[lcQTh[ s [S oS
s TVah[;j/Qw[o/RF[x/yH})QtWFQ&u F

$&/@/,%`"&1(%8w % M %$$ -$08$;8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$>*%.6%8w0C&8D,-$&? %,2?F$&?&/6%8w,2??H%`"


F($ M $t'B$ M # M 6G`,2(%;*/%;(% M " M EHG LNM $ 0<,2* X

YQ]U.
U oU.Sr/[ceQv[MA7UR r[
j/UoU.jpTVR QThUgFceQvV[pTv/[
j/[
[SiQ&S
uoQ[R&hT kT s UWhQceU/RFU TQ&ahr/[;ar/[;a[WAR QhTVRFU/R Q&S[kWAjQ,7T_TV_T T s U
a[WxypUvVSi[}{gD&

$>8L&%l*$*`,8" ,'B$Ed5$&/@/,'B$ M # M 5/%="&1(%8@$>1/')%.


$ -$08$G " M %*/%
?" M " 2($&1/')"5N% G`,2(%q*%+(% M " M EF($ M $>*%!$&8L&%+*p$*`,8" ,'B$E6%8/@"=%
"&1(%`8;
6%*/"&86p" 2% ,0,21%0"&8%5N/@".'B$ M # M =$=7$ -$ 08$<5N".')%81%@)`"i%
6p%`*"&8 ,0<,1%@$>1*%; @ M 6p8D,2@')%*$$$ -$08$G $@<'B$ M # M ?"&8N*,')% X
wo/Q_`Q&RTVU/S Y[pTvV/[lj/[l/[SiQ&S
jQ&Rwy s {zN}-k~&

WFQ&ahU/j[+jTVRFQThUNxj/[MUpTVg/Q&Sc[/

,f~ / @".% G`,2(%*/%(% M " M E?,231/,9-,2/@"l%q"&1(%`8;@$>1/')%\=$-$ 08$<5N"&8$


6p%`8B/@"l%`?;68%9" 'B$>?;'B$ M #p M 9%8$ M ($ M $&*/%?l{9-,2(%?
*/%q(% M " M EG / @"i%?
6p8%9" 'B$&??")$ M F($ M $&*/%?b{9,(%`?*/%(% M " M E57"&8$
6%8/@"l8" 6p8"&?"&1/'B$0k$ M %
"&1(%`8/@$&1/')
% l$-$ 08$"5*@$ <-5?,23<1/,9,2$0k$ M $*%`@/')8),21$*p$&38")$6p8%0"&1/,-
"&1/')";*$7$ -$ 08$kG %.F&@5`%1*/";%?w68%9" 'B$&?@? &%l1% M "$>*%`?1$
$-$ 08$<5/
1 &%i?"
"&1/')"&1*"%@/')8$F%,2?F$k1G % M " 9" ,')%5$?,3<1/,9-,2&$&"4 &%
"&?6/,28),')@$p*/";68%9" 'B$Ee"'B$ M
#p M *"
{9-,2(%i*%(% M " M El$*%@/')8D,21$
*T
$ &{38")$68%0"&1/,2"&1/')"
*$l$-$ 08$"5
@$>1*%?"t')8$ 'B$w*/%`"&1(%85&$$ -$08$ M "&? M $G
wo/Qw[ceRF[{Qh9
U UaTVQvhQ&a/UWTVj[ s U/SiUj/[Y kTvV/[j/[/[SiQ&Sqx2g_Q]&U
WFQwa[WFQ&o
vT_`RF[y;U/aNN}){F>

wo/Q[=ceRF[QhUN<Q&uopTVQvhQ&aU!W&Tj/[ s /U/SU/j/[ Y kTvV/[j/[![`SQ&Sqxg


_ Q]&UpWFQ;a[
W Q&ovTV_R [y^<Q<~^}{{g`gg^}{{g`g/zg^*g7{<g~pezN}{{g^D/

^})D7}~w}~pN}V/g`g/g~gH}~/g^z/g~^}~/g/g|`gD/g7~~g7~
^}~/g7{d)z^}gpN}~pD7}~p{/}~pe
~ }/gzg/~<gzp/e~7H}~g`g|g~/g
{zgD|`g~~~N}{D/ge~z~N}~gep/~zN}~/gDgt~p~^}~p~p7}~p~/}~
~pN}~g~g~7B7~p|7}~gBN
e}~g`~7D7H}~p~^}~/g7D^}~g/g^* g^~g`~z/g

% &1*/@/')@
M

'B$ -$&8D,-5 ,2?')%;5>F% M

@ M

0"&?',2*%; % M 68),2*/%5$')w%?N')%81%: " 2%?

AHA&&AHF>B+&Ne&`F  w
zN}~pN}~pp7}{{g)e/}g|`gDD/epN}~g{zep|}){g{tze}2z
z^}g* gDz/z^}V&

%8w$@<;$&3<%8$" 0,2*/"&1/')"/@"%l"&1(%`8A/@$&1/')%l$>% ,0,21%TP@ M $>1%


; ($ M $&*/%
G`,2(%;*/" "&@? E"5>@$>1/')
% 7$ -$ 08$5 G`,2(%;*/%;(% M " M EG

V.WYXZ\[T]W-pe ze"Xq[[V.WYntnaxycXq[s_aWYbK[e@ e"Xq[


q*K - o1,Kk , f

,`N4D`YB1   "@@ND14949 *D 6-1MBL4


LL" 
"L
$*  
4a`" "M
N1

94T1
 
   1
N D  $* 
   4>6"
9   NM\ D1"   LQ,
M" oQM@D  MD4@L
"4T
$ 4" !@R {# %$"L>N M&
 ( 'T4 "> @N
@  9,Y"
M !( '@1 )
N1
Y"L6  1"o*
N1+

# ,$*D  . L "  /
" KL
!BL1dBDL"",f4*Df)
!0 @6" "1 4N2
 @R6f1
4T4M *D 6"3 - .
@"M  4-"LL">!Df "  @RMf4"M4
o 1D92
9M"f " " "o " 6"4" 4, R6"o-T"@Y44*
fL ." # 4L"L"M" 4 
R"""1 >"! 5 6
D -$-"
"9L  42
K"
#
"44@ 6f7
!8 T 1  9
$*D 6 4 Qo k :
9M.
" "T@"T4 D 4M", "Ls 4T. /
MffM   M "M;
4
1
Nfo 1D   N" 9"6 ,
9M <8=?>
oDL> L-L"1-4Mo 1D"  49L"L  "LNN
9M"6 1
M"MN. D   -L  "# @A
D-L"*f NML  "L"- "
MfM@  3 
B D ML "L 
61z 1C
 6"@ ">DN  Y4Q"4"
D N2

EDT9LR6
=
"

H
B
!


I
L
'
D

"


B
J

K
M
O
L
N

Q
L
J
P
N

"



"
R

"

R
J @"# 4
F G
SKTU"VMWHXY Z[\8]_^ NK
` VbaAc(TMWdXYeXgf\8Z_^ POL ,f"L>"44" " -$J"

!D"M
N&
"L
!B ,@@@ND4\4
h_ikjml?ni" J.L "vo
1D 11
p *1 L 
4 r q .
D
/1 Q 1D 4 "LT)
s
t - L1 @N
H
s
Mf"Lf     D.o M4
$@u 4L"1BLf4."
$  Q

M"6zb 1 
!B( ' 1D   DNk" O @. 6zb 1" 6# @q463 sL 
,4,4 N6 1
$!N,

E 
 9
$$@9

-9

E
9
$!v   Do", @"49

E N9
$$@u  -"Y @",4
$$@
N2

E 4T" {" 9" D1H
$/
/ KL? -

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?H?

107

p "  4944T"L 4"LR


!B('/M9T49LD#@9"69 41JEEPf."H4Nf@" 4DNMh?ikjml_ni -JEREP#- B ."-N @" 4D"4
&h_ikjml?niK"6.
M"  "L "
",N(-tJREP- B 9"#  "
D
o 1D 1 u R
!B( '9o 1DTM"
9M"3 -tJ ?P#- B 9M"  !( '9o 
"9
M"  @D4"46 F G "o1"zRB"I -*JA?P#- B -,4 
D"
N. Df
9Mr .
D
!B K !@R6  "
 @ 4". @  '/N2
!B 
6
RBM
"46 F " -mJAE P#- B 9M" ,94"  *.L@"L "49N
9MT1"L
N p "99 " K"BkN
9M"  ?  "4D"49NMo 1D 4
9 1D
9M9,

E4`"( -JA1RE P#- B  KL 
 "
!( 'N1
1@Nf
6
RB(  *@D6 @6  1 
<um>

 JEEP$ /
/KL 
. "1

B Q" T4Q@" 4D"4QL h?ikjml_niKJD  L !  "

J"DLL,N*N"
R(+m Wy M V6raAc"WymT6c ? V c#W/a0W#W"c TW T6E  fKY^f?

4L  "L@"11

u m mU V\ ` c  T o V U m V& m VmT6c7a0 c2c V6raAc"WdMTc


6T  c#W/a0W#W cm6E  XeY^_
 "
DN9>9"4"N"N@"64D"4"TC
M4@" 4D"4
 9
 M"  @ @4DNf4 h?irjml?niK 7$
$ @u L>4
 o
E2,
1D 11 p "*-1  " @NRB! NT L"4">t<8=?>
B "-4 @" 4"4 L 2h?ikjml?nbv
i T"@T6?1D BL  46
 L 1"H$ "
/K L N!DL"L"-LIL' D"" 6  !" ,N"4
 \AW c\eVMTc cVY  W/aAc W#W  c(TmW V T6c c"W8c V  W
V VmTc W c aAc  ?? 6 V T6c c"W0c V  W_Y)c#mV \
aAc  \0 Wyc V c" c  Wyc TV)W V  V" EW V Z_^KYu1
 "
D94 "1D4"4N,`"" "h?ikjml?nbiK"`"  "N30r mT6c,U V V 6c"W c a Y b cQV Vb U"V  c?? 6
V/ VV c " T V c c(6V%V W#W  c(TmW  c c c V66VV
m V6c?? 6 c c a 6VU V c3/T6raAV c(raAc ( W & c( m
c( m c c m VKEW V mb Y ] ^ X ` Va ]KY ]b ` U XY ]bSKT6U
]Y
"44u@61z1""K M"4Rh_ikjml?niK B 4"11D"-

wyxz?{ |#}~_H?yHx((y?#| zIt#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m" ?6?gm


<um>

 T _? 6O6  c6V c# m V V6"VV Mmm M T 6VmW V"mc"W # T


_? 6O6 c"W/aAc , ` c(T: M c c ` 6V m VV Tba "  6V cA
ZYu[6\Qf?"
"
R" F 94  ?K 6o

'-"Y F"G " f.",4"4."-$N
.
  "4MN&h?ikjml_niv&!('"M Nh?ikjml?nbiK  f>L\LkE' . r
h_ikjml?niK" "  
 p "T4T p DY(
E *-,46f"f" @uOD 2"
4 9L",NT"@T3 I
E *1k (D
* ! D"" 4D,8<u6>
 cW a  2V R c(TaAc d c( m" V T6c TmW U"VW? ` V E ]YeXu
>"4"N e 1  D
94"9$
   KBJ @N91 N" = LON6 = LQP "D
1 
6
0 W/ a T\0 W , c(raAc V a vSKTU X YE_f?"
D"4YN "
R$6zb1+h_ikjml?niK MT"4-@"64D"4?-,$ 5 
"1 D4"4N  "D
"4@" 4DN"4"41BL o  p " 4 B "

$ "
/K LMRh?irjml?ni - p  "
 "L@"1"Y "! "*D!! 4
 @"4  N 2
!D""#
@ "1 D4"4T4  "
"
61z1   h_ikjml?niKO$
 4   4M
"
 M"B! ID
*E! D!N6
 "4"N1 LM\o 1 DM%
 qq" 
1   4Tk
 N  "D
 
E$
 "! "*D4.DL?
T"4$
 L"4"N
o 1 D,
 M"4JEREP#- B -T"4-@"64D"4 &h?irjml?niK"-"N 9M
 "L /
" N" "!B  6!DLM"4  "
H$"
/KLY" 65 6
D4"*4
"(- B 994T1  L L" /
KMNf4L M"@DL4D L1Q@f1s4

DK""- B "Y1"LNf7
 M"I?1D BL`61zb1  "
"  "L 1"oR
$ "

KLNL9 ' 4 @D.4`"  4"L "kN " ro
B! "61 NM".
N6O 4T" 6"1
Vb1 2 V1c V  T6 6E  Xg[rY Zbf?
 T  W"VbMc c(TmWc c( m cR  6c ` m VMW c ` c)c( \
T6E  fKY Z_
u Vb  M WyV V m mT6c  U c"W/aAc"WyMTcW V1c c(TmW?E  Xg[kY Z"
6bT ( W  c V U T W c(  mT6c c MTc U T,6c"W U"c(T6E  ]KYeX8]_
u  6c c(TMW mT6c cRmT6cRc"W"U cR U T cR V&V  T6
E  [kY ]M] ]_^ 1 X ^  ^Xv
u T6c c cHU/ Vc"W/aAV6U/ V6c*aAT6 ( T6c c U T9c"W/aA
VU( V26caAT v  ]Y ]kXv

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|m "??

107

 T,U 6c( 2 Vb  M m T6c  cW T c


c ` c c( T6E  6Y Zb1
B >"9"61 "4  "
%$
$ @,"\49
4 ! D4"L"f%9M"6kK 1 L
">HJBK- =m P9YJERREP#- B ."#  "
D.o 1DM1 u"2!B@o 1D.Q"%
M"  41BLK"  46  L 1"$/
/KLN!,1L->,L
' 1L"14D4"  N@6!EDMQ
JL- P 4oDLL9LB! (o
' L "> 1"4 !""
c"W"TmW U c"W U"c(T,c c? m aAV c(U c(Tc c"W8y a cHc W V c( M V cHV2 V\
V2c c(TmWc V)W ? c cmESKT6U ZY b
6c"W TMWV V"V Vc W V c( m V 6V6cc V6"Vc c(TmWcV V
U m+ W m c(6W_6 c W ^mZ?
<8=?>
J = - P B Qo "  "L"4  -D4"L&"DN9M"L
4Tf,"
M  $D4"L9" D949   >L9L@6E! LM"6"  "L@"1"
u  6c,6c c"W  ?V c U W VV bT V W c 
_V c 2 VbAv  ^KYeXO
 c ` c"W  V6V?V6 mk VmWVmWW/ U M V ` c&c(6W/ T
WW _V m m mTc ` cRc( T c"W/aA9U m m c* ` c*6c mV &W
E  fKY Zbf ZM^Y ]
 T ?V m ` c"W m? VmW  VbMmT6c ` cRc( T  c(T\ ` c
c(U"ca MTc 6c m  c c mTc 6c m ?V V E  X0ZY 
WrV V M VMWMTc T M W_?V M  VmW?_V 6c ` c"W  V 
mTc 6V aAV,c ` " c??V VMW ? VmW?E  X YeX
c"W/a T)W m m mT6c 2 V1c"W/aA,U m E  Xg[kY ]mZ_
<um>
J - P B T 1D -99M"f"  "L"4 "41"41_D1 L
 "6"  "L@"1"
u MTcm 2 V ?V 1 W/a aAV ?(+2 TV c(raAc?_V 6E  ^YQXg1
W#W( U Mm V c"W#W TMW U(aAV W M a W2c tU"V VmW#W( aAV \
?(+2  mU V2MTc c"WymT6c mTW c 6E  ^Y ZkXv
W#W( U m( VaAc V 6V9c c"W m VMW#W/ aAV ?( c(T
V 2 aAc V 6V,c c"W  6E  ^Y Zb[1

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|;m" _  _gm


m VU 6c(U c V mTc2a VMWVmWU W VMWdMTc ` c26c"W/aAc "m( 6c
A v 3 Xe6YE
<u6>
J - P B -To 1Df" DN4DNM"M"9M"
"?D1BL  " 6  L 1"1
c9U c(U  W#W cWV `  aAV ?( U 6c(U"c cW9V ` c(T Vb  c
aAc(c"W W/a  W#W c2V c mT6cmT6c V c , VuY u Vra aAc
c"W/a T2U M W U m c  ` c U 6c(U"c"W/aAc ? c Tc +  V ` ? H
V ? U   W mTc Tc"W/a T V c  Vb?c"W(aAc `   k c\
c\ ` c mT6c T,c"W(a T, 7 Vc 7 Vc"W(aA,c ` 6E  X Yv_\XXv
c ?V6 VMW ? VmWc ` c(T V  U c(c"Wc ` W c 
_V6 3 VmW t VMW U c(6c"W/ V VmT6cU c("VWcU cVWmT6c Vb
c"W/aA,c ` c T2 2 VAv 3 X Y ]]bf?
A V V,mT6ca WW c (V T  VMW#W/ U m, T ? Vb ?, W c `  c T
c AE  XeY ZkXv
VMTc c V2U c(U"c cWmTc T2c"W/a T2c ` c(T VAE  X Y Z
6bT ( V c VaAVKVMW m c 6VmW V c ` c(T Vb ? Tc Vb
W m
W  v 3 X Y Zb ]
u Vb1V V 2 m ca 6VMWyVmWU W VMWy6c(T,c TV E  ]Y ]?^_
u VMWyVMWyU W"VmWyMTc 2 Vb?aAc W ` 6VMW_v 3 Xg[kYeXv^?
u VMWyVMW ` 6VmWU W VMWW , TVMW c VMW TVMW ` VMW_6E  XQYeX
 c"W(aAcmmV 2 9 6c ca 6V2V,U"V cmv  Xe6Y Z_
A \ ` c 6V a  6c U T2c V7aAc " VK ` Va ZfKYeXgf?
<
?>
J
- P B M\o %M"N".L"fD6 !N6."DN"4   " 6

L 1"1

A V VmTcRa W c m VmWW/ U M V V & bV Arv 3


^Y Zm]_
c* U c(U"cW*V `  aAV ?(  U 6c(U cWRV ` (c T VA v 3
fKYeXg1
T6c ` c ( r MTc c mT6c ` c c( T6E  X0ZY ^?
c*U 6c(U  WW cW*V `  aAV ?( U 6c(U c cWRV ` c(T V c) c"W 6c
Vm m V U 6c(U"cW c aAc(6c"W W/a E  X YE

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|m "? ?

107

T6c  ` c c(U"c c  c(U"c c mT6c c mTc ` c c( TKv 3 X8]Y Z


V bW#W ) mTc r6T ( 6c c *  2 c"W m mT6c U"6V V6 V
VmW H 
 T V6  km c ?ca MR c( M W#W cmY
 c(TMW?/V VbW? W/a m V bT (_ r  r a m mTcRc"W/aA&
W c 7 V ? V6r ?c"W/a TKv  XYQXgf?
6bT ( T o V V W c mT6c cmT6cc"W/aA  Vb WW c T
Vu6E  [rY [1
TU"V T W/aAc"WV m Vb R c W/aAc"W c(TVMW8 c(U/a *v 3
^Y ]
<M>
J  -
P oD 94"#  "
o  f1u(B! (
' "9
 M" o  6
1D 94 . LL4"K L"$D6K !N . LL  ,
E94,"   {>L,Y
 NYL
N" 9@6"."#4 N2f
 o$
$ @
EN- B f
 "1 D4"4  ,"6"  L 

1"1

">DL> Y a W mT6Vra W  c(U"c c V  c(T\ 6c"W c 6c


W c c m Wy6c c(TMW V WmTc U  c d c(T2 m cm#XYeX8Z?
A V VmTcRa V6mT6c cHmT6c cU   c c( V m VmW*aAc(6V9V V
caAc VK8]YeXv^?
 caAV m V6c V  V  T c(TMW 9 T6 M mT6c6c(T c(T Tr  \
ra M V VmT6ca VmT6c cmTc cU ? aAc(6V%V 6V%caAc VK
A]YQXg[
T6c U   k   W c U c(V6 M VMWmT6c  U ( /
c"W/aA:U 6c(V m m mT6c U   M c& r  r a 6c
c(TMW_v 3 ]YQXgf?
T6c U    aAc V VcaAc VmT6c  m"(  U  
m   c V 6V k VmW,V V6c c(TMWc " Vc(U"cW 6? c&c cm
E  ]KY ]b[1
   c c(TMW mTc6c"W U"c(T% U T c VV T6 3
T6c c V `   aAc 2 M c cmT6c U   c `  T6U V
VWaAc W c(6cmv  [kY ]m] ]_^?
 W/aAV ( V m raAV6cH
 mTc cHmTc ` cHc( T V VmT6c*a VMTc c
mTc  R& M cRU   
 c aAc(V&V 6VcaAc V c T & c"WW TmW"U/ aAV\
c1 a0  V6E  [rY b

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m""?(_gm
 W#W"c V VK6c"W TMW_Y T6c,?V c  W V V Va0U"V VMW 6? VMW6c
(c TMWHc"W8 c(T6c"W TMW_Y r? Vc c(TMW c"W/aAVKYmT6cU cVW
 mT6c c V7Tc c( TKv 3 [kY Zbf Zb

R(+m Wy M mT6c U  c ` aAc V 6V,caAc VKE  [rY "
c"W"TmW U V  T b c( Y cV T ( aAc W c(c 6 c V ` c c V
a VmT6c c%mT6c%U   c `  U m W#W cV W"U aAT V R W6c
mTVMW VMW Tb 6cW c(T c(ra cmE  Y ] ]bf?
c 3 U c c"WRmT6c TW T m c cWc Cm W#W W c(U"V W_v 3
fKY Z
6c"W TMWdW#W cmY TW TV c"W#W"T " c" cV 6VbmT6c U   c ` 
Vb6V:mT6cc"W/aAc (V M a mk c  V6mT6c c9mT6c c c&U   c
`   m" c ,V2caAc r6V6cm6E  XXY Z_^ Zb[
c"W"TmWW#W cmY T V7SKT 1 V 9 T6 m V VmTc2a VMTc cmT6c
U   c `  c " Vc("V,c a c VMW_v 3 X8ZY [6rfKYQX8Z_
 mT6Vra aAc(c"W T 1 U c(6cV T  V VMTckt WV T W c (VW?
E  X0ZY ]b[1
R(m W m mT6c  W m a W T V M & 6c c(TmW
c WymT6c V T c + c 6E  ^KY Z_^?
A c " Vc(U"cc `  aAV ot( Tc M W/ TW TV c V M W
W V  W(mT6c c V6c(U cc `  c Tc c c"W#W c T a
Tba  m MTcW c ` V66V 6cW1_V c v  Xv^KYQXg\E^?
T6c:c c"Wc V c " V6c(U"c c( m" c c( m c c"W:v 3
X Y Z XeY Zm]_
 TW T U V  m V c 6V6c9c&V VHr6T ( c V VV
 W"c m ` v 3 X Yu[1

<I>
 "L  "L@"1""1Y1,"4L"N-9$!b-N1N"4"
N1 L 1D N" 6""  "
@@ bF "`4"
uL"N
N4D-H
!0-NMT4T@*D 6""L9@Nf"
MT@   N&N1 9M"   6t K"4D"44"LL o 
f

EM4`"( - 1 @N
. LLo61z 1
! ? !B@Ro 1D   L4," +
N1 D6  NY#  "
$@u 
!09 4"L 
T@6
6 L  " f
$@N." # 4
 , 5   "@1"4 R
B /
" O @  o>L N  D,49" " DkN9
$! .
f 
9
4
NY7
$$@N"O @,r q .
D, .
-9
$$@u  -N-4" 11  "M" "or q .
 4-4D
1 1
K1,
$!`"9>"   .
D @61z 1 " D N>N"  ,@6"Jr q .
D 
N)
N1
@"
K  "
 !0D*D"D, .
D? -

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?! ?

107

p 4  *D B"4D "  41  " @"6@."


DNM4.
9M T" !B !B@RTo 1D-"s I'!  *D>  "
>L9499N1
 "@  "
D\M@"*"
,4.L"v   J."  "
D\"  D*R"
u4"4{"11
41 $ N ""  *R@D 6 1 " 6"1 
D"&!BLMM44
"(- . 4o  6" 4  @"N4h?irjml?niM" N">NJL"  @D 
9"" \@Q .>"6
B.Q44 "4  "LM4 LM9M?- B 
"1*"  RB! LMM"1 N-NMo 1 D "  fd! LM)
r Tc #?c J K- ( !
M"3  6BL L #
 $
? % 6 P
- BL>L"#@
1D TM@D  D
"1"4-" L"L"44""  NYL@6L"T @"Nf"11

R">  ""<"6>

JE ?P#- B . "f"o!B@ o 1Dq" M"  @Dq4


"46 F"G "1 "zBD" "46  @4 5 " RQ* t! L!6"4">M
JBK
-KL = L PO"NN" TL"f"@6"> "46NLN"4ML"14D4f"46 F"G "
"M 4f@ D fL"M Nz@"-@4Lf9/
D"fH
!"
DL  4Tk
M"
D"T.
!"
DL
_D14D6 !"  o"> 
J 61z 1 4 @"M@4L
D6 !"  -   1
N1 4Q>? ! k"46 F"G "M"  *R@D r@" 5 *R
M"94MD6 !"  NT-DN '@1
- N1mDL 4 M"9" 5 *R
DN '@1d"46 F"G " 4M",4-D &
"L
t!N @"  ,T4R6," 4  "*
D"L( <8=?>
$DL>
N)
N1
NN6   "
" # ( " Y"J"46 F"G " 1
BDNM46 !B" M"
D" N." "K -N, 5  1m4
4T1
  "
""46 F"G "
.@Nz!",@4L9M/
""  1B>"  D*/
 L 
4 "1* - p "-
" ,@Nz!"  9"     *D  N"-@4Lf496 !B"  T"L
D4@LT"4kT4N.>4*1r .M"4Q 1 4NM"4ML4* "4
 ( 'N  " " 91     "LL-T@D .
Y(
D* !D@
 "
`@"64D"4 
"9
9M"3 <um>
$N " !@R "4"oN "M K"4f4" JD6 !" JBD 1@ "L>4
MT"
RBR4f6"
N @N F "L1fD6 !B" 6"-     *"1*fN" "r  $4
" 4  N&
N1NR
D N@ 5 fN.4 -sI '!
NMfD6 !B" f" 1 @ "LLD4\@Q M"L k"
RBRNM"L   N.B1  k" 6" 
D4@LT"4N" " 69R
N"-N.4"6" m1T" 9M"
D"-
! /
D DN"  "
"D4?
@*" D6 !B"6 "  ?  "4"4"JN
N"( -", 5 "L
N L" "R
D"LL,"fT4 "
4T1  4"`L" "
K3 <u6>
p 4LoL@6N/
TN,Y" fy
$ ? !@64"LL"o@Nz!"4
" M  @M . ""
( -a4".">L"9@Nz!"9N > "4"N1
"94@D
6
BM2
!B  @ 4"
 "
-"46 F"G "94 Q" -L  r
 '1-%&  -"
"N Q" R
 " 1M"4a4"
"49(
'J"4"4" -qB 
 6

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m""?K?Qm

1 @"LD4.B 614E' 1 4\")K"@".*


!D 4MD6!B"  4 "LL "D@N 1RQ*?f6 1NL1
" ,
r@Y /
 F " - B .
DY61z1"(
D* !D""4 T"
4   DLL6 M!( '"4"
"4# )'"4"4# )'" !BLM"4,
'J"1""LN  "

@" 4"4 ">" @1D 9`L"+ *D"L? <


?>
B -T" Y" H!B@RTN/
"4  @D NH

D46""46 F G "" 
_D1 L  "
"  "L 1".@"41"4Q " !B"*".LM
JB( - L =  L POo  
" 6 1 W VVmW_Y
u V96V 6V"V-,c"W/aA.dc ` c(TU m V6 m c V6 W ` c(TMW c\
c(ra m c"W*U"6c" T 6M W c ,"\ W.2V ` 6V: V  t 6c"W U"c :aAc " VV
a m V6c c"W  VMW#W/ a m Tb\ c V V m V Vc c"W?EW"V [t]Y 6 [
f?
L@6BL">LN 4 @"JN""- . 1,/1D
SKc V6raAVb 1 M aAVMW VMW m W#W VMWyU V c("VmW  c bT6c \ m W ? c(ra V6VMW
T6 m V V2mTc c(ra c Hc1V) m V T6c + c"W#W c/Hc?V2 m V
_? 6O6 6c " W c,6c " _? 6O6c " 6c)bT6c VK V v Z YE
f?
"L  /
"K L61z1 @"9 "  @R"""0fJA?P#- B T 4" 
D" 4Qo k :9M.r .
Df" 4!B@R6
 "
 ! 4 "9@ '/4!B {26
RBM"46 F "D MLf@6!DLMfM! 5 6
D
 ">1o
 1 4B! 9T L"4q4"K@D"H4  L
   *D
L41 "YY6B! " -ID
*E! D!"
 M"4 f4  @ 4 Mf@ '!B 
6R
B@Nz@  "D
4"
RK "@"  D
"T"4MD6! " .  D
"1"4
(D
* ! D@"
 M"- L @N "  "
 @ 4 "fY@6'( (D
* ! D@
 M"6
 D 
 4D " "o 1 D\o
 "> B! (
' "
 D
"T"4."9
 M6zb1 o 1 Df
9
 L"1BL4 . D
" +Mh?ikjml?ni `"
N4463-$ `>L4 $ /
"K L14 1 4R6"  L 1" .
2f
 
M"4Rh_ikjml?niK1 "J,N49N, LL""
u! 'J"4"4#1 4"
 N4 LM"4"<8=?>
$N9"JL"14D4"  "L@"1"
` V VW#W cmY ` 6VV Vc(6 V6c(U"cV & c( M c c(Tc"W8 a
c#mT aAV2c c(TMW ` c(T V V m vSKTU XY [ 
u V6 bW#W cm3V WVMW/a m c"W  W T\ m W ? VMW* M VmWRcd V6c
V c" V mT6cW c V V9a , mm ? m MTcHVmW U"c(T  (c ) V V\
k W(a mR c( m V,U(V66c c V KvSKTU ZYQX  X#Xv
m" MTc 

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?!1H?

107

 W#W"c V  W(aAc c 6 V6c V (c raAc V  V m T m2

r W/a 6E  Y Z_

 T??? 6 c(TMW Vg/T6 \QaAc  c2Hc(c(ra M" V6ra cW Vc EW V
X YQX
 W#W"cm _? 6O6  aAc(T r V m" 6V6U 6? c%aAc(T m" V6 m H W(\
V6c  W7aAc c(b r_ T ?? 6aAc(T c(TmW k Vra 6c,W V6c
V V m vW V ]YeX ]_
 W#W"c_? 6O6 m WW Hc(c(ra m"d V6ra 6cyW Vc Y  T _? 6O6
m W#W d V6ra m k V m cW V6c m W#W HcAEW V ]YeX 6 Xu^_
W#W( bW#W"c_? 6O6 % V6ra 6cW Vc c W c(T M V6 m
 V V6 M 1EW V ^YQX#Xv
W#W( W#W c%?? 6 aAc(T3Hc(c(ra M 2 Vra 6cW Vc EW V
fKYQXe
A V VmTcW V V9a VU"V cHmTc T ,W T . ??66aAc(T V V m" c
aAc(
T Hc(c(ra M 12m aAc c6V6U  EW V rY Zb[
 raA ) 2V ) c(6c(ra m vW V ^kY Z
A V VmTcW V VmWmT6c T4,W T.2??66aAc(T V V6 m" caAc(T5Hc\
c(ra m"7b 6c W 6cV6U  vW V [ YQXg[1
??66 aAc(T M V6 m 6c"W c baAc " vW V kY^?
??66  U 6V 6V,/
c Hc(c(ra My c(TK V E XgkYeX
SKc ? V V \8W c6cmT6c c(TmW V2W"T6
V  U"V c R c(TMWc#MU c W  W c(T
m

c(6c(ra  V _fKY ]_^?


 W#W"c_? 6O6 aAc(7
T Hc(c(ra m" caAc(T m" V m c"W 6c aAc EW V
 Y Z
T6V6ra V WW c(6c(ra m" ??669
8c V aA  c(T m c 
V6ra 6cW Vc 6EW"V " 6Y
km W c U M V%6ccaAc rV66c ` cU m V6c(U"c c6c:a0 VMW#W/
bW#W c aAc(
T Hc(c(ra M _? 6O6RvW V ^ Yuf?
c(5
T Hc(c(ra m& m aAc ?? 6 : 8c V aA_  c(T% M cm E6c 1
^ Y ]

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|;m" _ !; ?Qm


 W8 c V m W V6c c ?? 6 m MTcRU m ?? 6c"W/aAV W"c\
U m V  U M c2 T aAV c(c("  c c 9W V6c 6c7a \
VMWyVMWW T6VmWr<V6c"W? V E X8] YE f?
??66* c(TMW RE =
V  U"V  c 6V m aAV c V  U"b cV
6VW"V V6 " c(T V V6 m 6AZ V : ZmZY Z ]_
W#W( bW#W"c*?? 6 c(6c(ra m 6c*W Vc  W c(T Vra Y  W cW
c cW"T W(W(a0  M U"VTMW V96c ?_ 6 MTc tc m2 Vra 6c
W Vc mTcaAc c"W"U  6c(T6EW V " kYE"
m c(raAc c(TmWc"W(aA9c a0 c VbW*c(6T ; Tba ", c(TmW( c(V c(raAc
7
T , W . c(TMWy  U"T a m" c(TMWy6cW Vc I V V m vW V ^KYeX 6 Xv^?
 W#W"c*?? 6 c3cRW V6c c2W"c(T(Hc(c(ra M _? 6O6>8c V aAKY
0( c `  6 c(TmW?EW V 6 YA[

T ,W T .?? 6 c V ( 6c `   V V6 M 6EW"V " ]YQX#Xv
,W T . T7?? 67
 c(6T ; VWRV ( c `  c V \
V m  2V ( 6c ` vW V ^KY ZkXv
T ?? 6 aAc(T c(TMW c,V ( 6c ` c(T c(TMW c(U 6c(U"c\
cW c V V m  2V ( 6c `  W X8]Y
,W T . T,?? 6 cR 6 Ta " V ( c `  c(TMW(TMW/a
c V V m  2V ( 6c ` * 6VbV V `  V VmT6c W"c /VW
W V m W a W WKm6W6V%aAc VbK m mTc 4
T ,W T . c(TMW cc(6T
V ( vW V ^KY ZkX ZmZ_
??664
8c V aA *2 c(T9 M c cW"c &U 6V V6 aAc(?
T Hc(c(ra M 6
V6ra 6cW Vc " c(TMWyca V2V7aAc " V6EW"V ^ Y^?
<um>
$ 5K 4 L"H
1D .4 Qo kNQ" # 4
 " 1M"4:
$! 
"44uh?ikjml?nbi""a 1DM"$49 N
E"44u
'"4"4-T4"
N# N  D,
4LM"4# :
'J" !LM"49@
'"""L"4# 
" "N D 4M"Y
-9$ D,"LN"49Lf ' h?ikjml?nbi"- N44
BLL"
v+'J"N"4fN/
"4# NM"`61z 1L9 ' h?irjml?niA'J"4"4, N/

N# - . $@DM@D E ' 1 L h_ikjml?ni N/


"4- "
r@z4 Q"
E14
p 
4T49L  4R
 "#
"LT"4N9Mo 1D
M" 
"M,
$"LLN1 949
9M"z61z 1 o 1D   D,(
'J"4"4, N/

NNN"
T4 L""\" fN4\"\ D%
9M"6 
NH
," 1M"4

E-R4" !B@R  "N" F " - /
 F " @"T@*R4     *
4T"
  4-L- 9
"*R * B F 1   64"4 T"
9M
9L  * ,  @ 4"9@  '-sL 
  "
D"9
M"9 " D  /
KK -

wyxz?{ |}~??yHx((y?| zIOm#x(|#Kx _#~?x(|m" _B_H?

107

L 1"1D N,  o4"94,M"9@N o f1uKY4"


m!B
4TM/
MT4   QN1$""M! 4 D M #
$"L>N 4L"N.f44*DfN.NM@*6"  DL>."#4N4.
4  (h?ikjml_ni,"I -/$"> L( '""6 "L>E ' Mh?ikjml?niT-N44
BLL"
vC'"4"4,4"
N# L h?irjml?ni@'"4"4,4"
N#  N9>  4
K"  "
 "L 1"4
!BL1 LR6( -Os
RLE 'K
<u6>

k W/a MR V V6 m 6ESKT6U ZYeX  XXgm " Y Z_


 c(TMW c c(TMW:cW Vc V  V m c4c(6c(ra m ,ESKT6U XY ?,W V
^KYeXu^bM^ Y^b V v ?fKY ]_^?
??66  V6ra 6c9W V6c  V V6 M c@Hc(c(ra m EW V XYQX
]Y ] XX X 6 Xu^b fKYQXe_ kYE?m^ Y^?
??66 V  V m" Hc(c(ra m c m" V6 m vW V  Yu[6 6Y
kY Zb[6^ Yuf[t]YeXO[6c 1 ^ Y ] V v XgkYeX X8] YE fkZ V ZmZY Z
]_
??66 c(TMW Hc(6c(ra m c V V6 m" cV ( c `  6 T\
a 6EW V " ]KYeX#Xg  Yu[6 ^KYeX 6 Xu^ ZkX ZmZb W X0]Y

D- JA P- " M4"  @q> "L1"4.4M"\"L"4\


p ,Y "K" BDT49M"  6tK"4D"4,4 1DNH, o 1D9M
R
f4"I
- N!1 L-N-T"!B o 1D No   
h_ikjml?niK  9
$ !v d
 M"  "
d1 D 11 p "*?T
- , 5 " DNM",29N1
 ">  . L#"D >o 1 D9" M-9  @ ("' 
 ?N . L"D L9 D
N$ !  @ ("' 9
 Mf M"? 5  D1/{

"$
$ @4"4. 1 D4
"N,$$ @4"4,9
 M- . "L  @ (!' H9
 M" ,M1
N 1 . L#"D >, D" 1  4"`L,z N"
1 Nf" D-
N4D!0T
 "1MM@6" $
 NM@ (!' &M"  4TL"
`1 . L"D L, 1 D 1  4 4"
`L,z"<8=?>
. " 1 L f4*DR  1NM" 9! @64 Nf.o 1 DM1" 
 M  D 6 4D"D
N L 4T. /
M >"Q@  6 "  44
9
"L" 1N N M,#$ "LLNt
- , 5 LfL"1f44"  *N

M"  6tK "4D"4-9M  N-1d " T"LL1"
4"&M"T4
4 N1 L  M@"*"
u T "K " BD4:
  6tK "4D"4T4
$ !v N1 "L>1T"
E4,""To 1 D9 "L L4 6">"
0-*$ DLLf
 M 61z1 ! ! @R.o 1 D.
9
- , 5  1m4."# 61zb1 sN4
"
  NoMh?ikjml?n\
i T`"99$
$ "
"  L 4  6t! @6
 M"

wxz_{ |#}~??x((?#| zIOm%x(|#Kx _#~?1x(|;m "?2?6?Qm

$ /
/KLNY"1"
RD 6" 4"#N`"  p "L ,:$*D 7
EMN ""
1 B 1 L4"K@6"   B 1 L  /
K<um>
L1 4 NM49D 5 LDM." !B M"  "
M"4f4"LLfL ">
T"4 4"  *r
4 5 4NNM" 6/ f.N 6/1fr .
D 4 D9" 6
N N!L M1" 6"4.49
z
E F "\" 44 F Q" 6"4Q4
(
D* !D" F ".4" NMo 1DN
 N
$!8 - " 6"4MN2
z

E F " -"D,YN"4f14," 6/ Y7


M"  ?  "4D"4,
M" 9T" 6NN(
D* !D" F "Tf"D9N"4T1sNf" 6" f
9M  ? K"4D"4-N9
$$@0 -  " 6"4 NR
z
E F "  / 99
$!@N
-d4 L  L"4 N9v 4M" T"6"4T49(
D* !D" F " t!"
" 9@N
$$@
4T  -  "L>" 6"49>LN2
$@" 6/ `r q .
D .
D,
$!u 1YNY
$!{ .
"L1
- p $Q"6"4Q49
z
E F " $L? !B ""46 F G "fT>
$$@  "LYN " @"4"L>? -*$ Do 1D
 T@6 '("6T",
K"4
 N-L"J"46"4 @D"YL? !B6",@6 '1-m$, 5 "1L  4R

"46 F G "o  5   @4 5 " 1RQ *"" 1  "
 @ 4Y  '( NH
"
!B
6
RBMz-"46 F"G " bK"@" 
D"1"4 6 !B" 9 
D"1"4TI
 !E
,
9M "@NR
!B NT L"4"4"( <u6>
B " ," 94"  "44
M"  ?  "4D"4 M" 4
f " K" BDN
M"  ?  "4D"44.o 1DMr .
D 44,
f M"4o
$$@u 6
" 1D4"4o61zb 1  "
DR
! !94N" # @  ( ' "oN  `"
! /
DQ@N  4". " 1 M" $ 6
"# -   . ""
9L

ED"1mLN"4 D"
 ( ' "-4  f"2
!"
DA
E T "  @R.N"
1 
NK K( '@"` TTT6
E" "M K( '("4"`6"@ ">,@N ? -#s
NK K( '@"1 4," 1 6
"# "
ED"1MB>1 Y
 W#W"cV 6 cc6c"W TMW,V
cmY a (  m WW c\ 6c,6c"W TMW_Y
mTc6:V V ` c7 V V 0a T 6c  6V c V ` V
m VKAZKY ] 1
. "" 
6c"W TMW  V&U T  T9V cRc V 9 V mm W U/ T VmT6c V V V
bW#W c2 TV cmY ` T c " cW aAc(Tm ccQ W,WW cV bW U( \
T Y WyVaATV cm6XgkY Zb[ Z6
9K ('(" 4"` " ">?- . SKT6U VMW_Y
T6U/V V rV6c"W TMW b c( Y T6V c2c c(TmW, " Wc"W/aA 
m V cMTc c c c  y6c"W TMW RE c"W8 c( m bW#W c\ c"W_Y ` V
6cc ` c(TMW " WyW VmT6c c"WMTc T c V V V m V96c c(TMWc*V
U T c QfKY Z  ZkXg ` Va X8ZKY [\ 6 ` U ]Y ]Xg\A]_^?

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?2??

107

4  "L 1" p "* "1MYY1M"J"  !t<


?>
B>L-61z1 L 6!DLM  "
L"14D4"4 .
D" " "@" L"

N,Y" 1Dk
-/$N "!B@6"
ED1BL . ""
E1
.

6c"W TMWraAc " TK6V W??V W c(TmW  c( YrTc c(6W VW M W W ? c

r W/a 
c mT6c  W#W c V v\ SKcmY c V W#W"c\ c"W?Y
rM  b W V c "c W8 a  U 6V 2
V W c(T c( m  c( Y W(\

c( m V c(T c( m Y c(raAV\ c ` 6V% c aAV Vba mT6c


W c 
6 V W c(TmWr W m c"W U"V c W c(TMW W 1 cy W V 
U"V V c( m" U m c VW c(T  r6bT ( V&SKc c"W(\
6c V V m V;V bT V ` Va X8ZY Xg\ [6 ` U X0ZY ]_^\8]_SKT6U
Z Y Xg\  V E X#X YeXv"

5 Y"1D4"4,4T"# 4"4T99M" I
D*!ED!N6 "2!B 6!
E
N p "*1 4,,/1Dr<M>
sN/
D"4,4"M"f(
D* !D""4!B  L-R$"4  1
N" NNfoL" !D1  "44"
D"1


6T Vr?V6U c c"W8 V66c(U c(T2U M)Rb6 c T6VmW c"W/aAc"W c V U m V T


cc(raA T V m1 VMW T c(6W W#W cmY W/aAc ` c(T V V m c
T6c ` cU m V  V c T A* ` Va XQYeXO\Qf ` U rY Zb\QfRSKT6U
rY Zbf\A]b[1
"k! _ D -61z1  kN
kmR?? 6V c W T6Vr m VK U XYeXO[
<I>
B M"N"-" DN(
D* !E""43_D1 L  "
D
N- R6 .  ""
E,- "  @ 9-(D
* E! " F "6  4T" 6""1
Y
 c"VV m VV VMTcRW"c /V& m mU V6 & M c / W(\
W cmY 8 V m mU V  c(T M cW VT  T V m U TKY m m \
mTc c c mM m tU"V cAv 3 X8ZYtZm] Zbf?
$N T" !B I
D*!ED!N > "L1"4 5 L"R . (
D* !D4@v
NtK 9I
 E! D!6@u-  " 
 cQ WmT6cmm6T6VMW W VT W#W c 6c"W TMW_Y m V m tU"V 9o
m c  c c(TmW m mU V6 
 c  aAV ?( c(TMW M mU"V\
2c c"W m cW"c 6c m V m tU"V 6X8]KY ]kX ]mZ_


" 

wyxz?{ |}~??yHx((y?| zIOm#x(|#Kx _#~?x(|;M "?2  ?Qm

1
.

c(T m V V
c"W"TmW W#W cmY V U 6c"V6V%V m VH m tU"V %
mTc 7 aAV ot( m mmT6c V u6E  XeYQX ^?
SKT6U"VmW_Y
U 6V V Fk W/a W c W/a m cc(ra V  V T6V  M V(
AZ Y Zb[1

6"@ D K! R6"o "  @N,"99M<"6>


" oDLL `" I
D*!ED!N rq .
D -6 1 " I
 !E
!# @,1d p "    14  D1 HG
D* !D" "
E  "L-4 "
f6M
b1(
D* !D4 u - " DLL-"L  @"   N9-4"2!B " 5  64
!1 \o @N %
9M%
M"@N \o 1D -$fDL>\>L"L
61z 1Q
.

,@D

 T,c"W(a T, 7 V c 2 V1c ` v 3
X Y3X 3
#X Xu
u VMW*VMW*U W VMW ` 6VMWW  TVMW c,a 6VmWRVmW T6VmW ` VMW_v 3
XeYQX

o4
",MY4" 
D"r@t-s` 4"@,49N >1T"
E4@N
4"444Lf"&!, " 5  !1 
D"t- /
N" L"Y61zb1@N
" )
N1

N1 4f"# N9" D1 Y


V MTc cbVU 6c(U"c cW MTc rm W?,#c"W/aAVW.c


m W_6 X Y Z

1 4L  "L 11

`  c Tc

A c " V c(U"cMc `  aAV ?(+ T9c m W  Tc c " Vc(U"cc


`  c T2c c c"W#W c 6 T a Ta #Xv^KY 6 ^?
<N >
oD fNY7M" 4T"!B (
D* !D""4D 1!B 6!@RTo 6
    " @@    9 *?N- BL>
 o>LT "LL k NdN$
L9@9@N N1m/
  D-N1m "LL L4T"4f4"4."M" 65
* M"o"fN4@  -$ "LY4,2N1L4"LLY,4D11 dN6
LLfNfQ"- "LL "D@NsNk:$    D ."k#B! R  "D

"1*fN" 6" 1L  6D
 M"61z1 .
MM  \

1m"  T"494YDL 5  6D
 4 E ' "4N8
""4 NN."@ "R6/ 1 K "
" 5 *R
0 c(6c ` 6VMW Wc ` c(TMW W mT6c)W T T c"W  U"V\ ` c2c
c(c WT c"W0y a  aAc U V cRc W#W W U m ` c c(6c"WdaAc 1

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?2C ?

107

y V  c W#W M W/a Tb\ 6c"WVmW Wc Wy W_ESKT6U Z Y ]b b


3 Z Y Z
. 1"
E1

>L
6c"W TMWW#W cV 3m Y mcRV6mTb Aa c(T96c( m c   VmW ` VMW W/Kc
mcHV9aATV m c caAc\0V& ` c(T V m cR W c (VbW*U " 6T mm VMW
c(T%c c(MT W c(Tv  Z Y Z
U c(raAc m raA bW#W c m Y c( m&
Zbf?

< L 3> $L!DY@6!DLM"4,"LY" 65 *6M"N1DLL9


DL 5  6
D

u c(6c"WV6mTbMV 6c*U m c  c"W  SK6cc V T VV aAcc)T


c mc)VmW#W"V c6cT _V m cU  cV  WmT6VW a m V m V6raAc
c c"WyU m c(T6ESKT6U Z Y Xg\ ]_
B 4."$
    1Lf"L M@"*"
uM"fo 1D.L4 6L"
0  

DLL

0 c V WyW U/ T Wc"W/aAV VMWb m aAVMW?c(U 6V6VMW_v  Z YeXg Z[


. "4  D4!B ?1D 
uM T\ c W/ c vSKTU Z Y ]Xv
sL M"B! "D
" N6LL"4*E9D6@R6Nf"   YLfE'91
SKTU"VMW_Y
U raAc(U"c(T9mT6c MTV6 V c( m T66c"W TmW W*W U( T  W W cQ V " T\
c 6c c"W c? 1c c V V U T6AZ Y^Xv"
1` V U W
 cQ W mTc c"W?_V T ?c c V6 V U T cW c(ra T\ c c aAV96c
c(TMW_#Xg[rYQXg1
"46IE`D @R64," $ D4!ED!Y,D 4  QD">t< L#L > oD  4-T"# @NMo 1DTT4D4,1 9>4ND
"f " r YL"4 EYD6@R6Y4""  "D
4R
 4 ! D""99o  4  4
Q"D L1 L"1BLNL4KJ"> . L"D L29
 M")f
 N."a
K- -N1  " "o44 B! " "4  L"#@ @N  " "49M"Q
1 D)! 4"
" "4"" T-L"4LED @R6-N9`"  -" "T" f1M
 MK- B
 @4L9 . L@*R1  Y61z1 @4L9-44*D- *D 61
 6  99
N D T14`"9
 4T1 " 1 $
 *
 @N\."
MMM

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|;m" _B?Qm

 ,>  @A
D,@4L-,LI'! t- . > Y44$@4 N7
E M4
o 1D9@N ,
M""4"D61zb1 94LL"
VbM & Vb c V  T6 KcR mM c  T6 M c M TV V
2 VAE  Xg[kY Zbf?
A V a m c m T% V V MTc c%MTc ` cc( Tv 3 6Y ]m]XO[rY^ Xg[6
XeYQX#X X0]b6Z YeXe"
c W  W#W"cW W T 2 m c V V cHc"W/aAV VVraAc"WM(
E  [kYu[tZ_
6bT ( W 6 c,V U T V W"c MTc cmT6c U Tc"W"U c(TKyv 3
]YeX8]?

4
N1dNR
- "
 L "K  1   u4  "
D""4T"4f"L   0

6N-
JAR P- B  L " z"!B@RN1$ N  *@ "
61z16
RB(- B `",L 294T194  -" N."1*M
4 " 5 *R
RN1
_!  L"9/
M- @9-"LL- "  @R -
k Tc #?c   !D664 L"# @-T L"4  > 6

D L 9 V c( m V
6  U"V - p "T`"2
<
>
!4"L4D 5 > @4RBD N1  *@ " 
6
B( - p ,4  YN1" .
9M"4  6M
 O 1d"
b 1
!( 'N1 6
RBT( -1B fL,>"1,"o@ D "o 6 !DLM""">M1 
NY" 4D."o
M"TT".o 6   "> 
_!( 'YT"

61z 1o 1D --, 5 K1dN-T" y -" 1M"4 9
$*D 5  D 9


$*@ 9P
O
RB "
s
! QY"K -B  
s  ""
R  L
 TW T o) ?Vc 9R "c bV b U/  c   % c( m"
m T6c c MTc ( c mTc? c M Tc 1, r Aa c(raAcm#XYuf X#Xv

N"NNd1D ,
E9N)N1fT@D94>@!N"
@  
 VbTV W c(TmW WU mM a VMW, cS. UT?W T6V c aAVW \
? cRc c  c( Y  TW T & c c WV a0  K U X YeX8] Xe?
ZYufbZkXYu[1
 WmT6cU"c( , c(  c6V cMV9U"V6V9T W"c"bT6 VW T6V ? V " T
R c"V m&b U/  c & m&b c " c 5
V a0 
W T ) ?V9c 
AZmZYQX8Z X8]_
. 1 W VVMW_Y

wyxz?{ |}~??yHx((y?| zIOm#x(|#Kx _#~?x(|m" _B?

107

#W W(  WW c _? 6O6 H
 cm6c W V6c  cW"c(TXHc(6c(ra m ??66W8c\
V aAY )
T W T 2 c c YV a0    Yu[6 fKYeX0Z_

ko

.Y=[\Y\^]=\_a`5\Kcb d-7e.gfhd\-
\K7
ia\,mg
e.g
fhd\- YK#
j$\,P
j

iT-

  *@ M" 65 6



DM@N F  L fN1 L4fT . > *RL
N 46YL@6-4T"-4-T"9$/
"KLt-BTL"#@f">D"
"4
N1NM"44  "
 "L 1"-$"
/KLf1m4."f"1M"4
h_ikjml?niK"-N B>"
fN)
N"@ r N44 BLL""
u$" -T`" @N
61z 1l
'J@u (-"D494 h?irjml?niM-," Dr -1-"41M"6 1@6 ?1

D1 L"4
R
! @"4  " 6 "o4Y*
$6t !@6,4"
,4Y" 1DM 1m""
Nd
K" 5 6
D" L"Y
D DN.2
 "-N.4T"
RLfL@6t 2
14 "L
L@6N4L D L"Q. 1  MN
D 6"LM&
@L"9D 6L"
 "
D" # "4m  "49Nf" # 4@Nz@" ,I
D* !ED! F  Y "4"
F Mf "
 F " 4fNM" "  ? K"4D"4fb q .
D 4 Q" M1  6 4 L"
  ( -$NM"9"L@"9@ D " ".L"NQ" # 46BL1*T " 
N"4 4fT . > *RLT4"46fL!6 4Q"   5 4 a" 
M
$/
/ KL? <8=?>
p "D 9  N>"r
D 9L"  {N"
D"4" 69o
Dz F

D" 461z 1@ " 1L"4BD4"  D*R"
NR
"
$"
/ KL? - 4
9"1*-4" "" 6"M"LLfL"4BD4   YDLL6 4"4Q9
$$"
" 
2
R  "
D
N1
4"
"".@N  ""414L @ D ? -4 " !B@R r@z" 65 *R9
4
"@ 641T"4 4:
4T1
$T"
D"   9L" 1 "  *R@D {"4"
N1 "  D*R"
"4 " "f@ D "fN:
4T1 "4"4!L"
"4? B f . L@*RN46fL@ 4Q" # 4DLL  4 L"H
1D kLN"4T1
L *D"4 .@N   M.@*BD   "
" @"T
$"
/ KL.4
!BL1
LR6LM f! 5 6
D  *T@D 
JB4 " 9
L"  P  1L   "
"o D
>",>6-L 6f." 4 .
D
 " 1M"4M646"R
 ( ' "" -
"( -,$o"L ">R6 F"G "  N1 L-"
DLD"oN .
D*
 s4"
D-NR
H! /
"4  1

D*
$6t !@6,1d  "*9N9>9E ' h?irjml?ni!"
Dr  h?ikjml_niDLL o
oR94
Mh?ikjml?ni-

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|;m" _B__gm


<um>
B f."" "4D BDNQ4"94T"\m "4Q"Q4 "
N"4  $D 

bW#W"cV c"W8c a ) c( m Y c R T6c &cQ Wc 


T6cc VV6raAc"W*6c  6c, T6c  W T 6c6c"W VaAV VU m \
cV6c TV2W V66 V ? W/aAc c T6c c(T9WW c T6c c cQ W
c  T6c9c VV6raAc"W76c  c T6c9c VVraAc m V v 3
XY Z ]
 U V KW c
 V V V6raAc a " m W ? c mTV & c( M c"W/aAV V b c( Y
 V6 VMW cV  W c( m c(TmW * \ b 6c " W m mTc W c%mT6c
c VMW c MTc mW?XXYeXg[ XQ
 1 1` mT VmW
u T  m c ( VbaAV c(mT6c(V,MTc Wyc(ra c VMW 6V c"Wy6c6T6 6c*a0
` cW"Vb mTc cMTcW"c m V6 m c W Vc cU Tg(VmWW VVMW
c"W 6c V6ra0 m WybVMWy6c caAc r6V6cmv^Y Z_
s
E1

"  "
/ KL" 4\"  . "1"
E" E '@"NNB k"41D BD4
"4"N9sL(JNMBDBDN(
E*.@N$$@4"T!B F \4
N 49 5 LN
$!u 44  * 5  D&
!BL 
$"
/ KLf1 `" 44
" "L.
$$"
"  LMMNM" 6M>9
!B( '6? - B M\"  >6k" 1M"4
h_ikjml?niKK`"N9 LL""
4H
N"@ 3 N4 N9B>"
3"9" ,6M
b1n
'J@u (-"D49N h?ikjml?nbiK," Db   41B> K"  "
`L"$ *D">? 6ofJEEPB

">6` M"4Rh_ikjml?niK("1D4"4  D $

 W#W"cm?? 6 k V6 m aAc(T 6 6V6U t c M V6 m aAc(T  W V6c


 W*aAc c(b m T ?? 6aAc(T c(TMW 6 Vra cW Vc M V \
V m aAc(T6EW V " ]KYeX ]_
 T _? 6O6 , m WW . V6ra m)r V m 6cW V6c  , M W#W .pHcuKEW V
]YQXv^?
, W#W( WW c_? 6O6 . Vra c9W Vc cW c(T m" V6 m REW V
^KYeXX Xv^?
A V VmTcW V V9a VU"V cHmTc T-,W T. ??66 aAc(T V V6 M c
aAc(
T Hc(c(ra M 12m aAc c6V6U  EW V rY Zb[

wyxz?{ |}~??yHx((y?| zIOm#x(|#Kx _#~?x(|m" _B1H?

107

A V V:mT6c2W V VmW2mTc T@,W T.)_? 6O6 aAc(T V V6 M caAc(T4Hc\


c(ra m"7b 6c W 6cV6U  vW V [ YQXg[1
??66 tm" V6 m aAc(T26c"W c baAc " vW V kY^?
??66 1 6V7 U"6V,c c(T7c(6c(ra m  V E XgkYeX
 W#W"c76c( m V6 aAc(T c a m c m" V m1 6c"W c aAc m W#W/
bW#W c?? 6 c 6c7W Vc c&W c(5
T Hc(c(ra M ?? 6q8c V aAK
EW"V " Y Z [
T6c2V W#W Hc(c(ra M _? 6O6>
8c V aA  c(T m c ro V6ra
cW V6c v vW V Y
km W c U M V6ccaAc rV6c2aAc c W c U m bV6c,a0  VMW#W/
bW#W caAc(7
T Hc(c(ra m" ?? 6RvW V ^ Yuf?
u Hc(c(ra m m aAcc c"W ?? 6 :8c V aA_ c(T M cm2E6c 1
XY ]
??66* c(TMW rE 6V  U 6V m 6Va U 6c V E U  c6c \
V)W V  V" M c(T V  V m Eg V ZmZY Z ]_
 W#W"c,??66 Hc(c(ra Mm W#W M V6ra cW V6c EW V k ]YQX
fKYQXe
W#W( WW c _? 6O6 Hc(c(ra M 6cW Vc ? c(T Vra 3? W cW c\
vW V kYE

T ,W T .?? 6 c V ( 6c `   V V6 M 6EW"V " ]YQX#Xv
,W T . T&_? 6O6 cc(6T 6 VW  V ( 6c `   c
 6 V V m V ( 6c ` k c?V `  V VmT6c W c (VWW V \
m W a W Wm6WyVaAc " VKvW V ^KY ZkX ZmZ_
 TW T*?? 6aAc(T c(TmW  c V V m  6V ( c `  W
X8]Y
Hc(b W/aAc\ c ?? 6 c(TmWO V c V66cm V E ]kXY^_
 W8 c V ? W V6c c ?_ 6 m MTcHc ?? 6%c"W(aA9V W c \
U m V  c:
 cV T66VraAc c(6c(" r c c W V6c 6c
a V2V)W TVr <b6V6cm V  X8] YE f?
??66A
8c V aA  c(T: M c c9aAc(4
T c(6c(ra m"K Vra 6c,W(\
V6c c(TMWy6ca 6V,VaAc V)W c 2U"V V vW V ^ Y^?

wyxz?{ |}~??yHx((y?| zIOm#x(|#Kx _#~?x(|;M "?2M; ?QM

" 6"  "L 1"  h?ikjml?nbiQ" 1MN9


'J"N"4a4"
"4"@NL4
"4\"24'"4"4f4"
"4#K .
D." NMLk"4"N  
h_ikjml?ni - B " -L 7
Mh?ikjml?niD 4h?ikjml?nbiT"#k
" 1D4"4o61zb 1  $D 


, V .T V V V a U 6c6c"W#W ( cT c c(ra 6c2W TV V


V Tba  cQ TMW V W ? c c c"W8 a 6c?? 6R,EW V
X#XYeX Z_
 \AW c\e:V6mT6c cbVKY  W/aAc  W#W  c(TMW V% T6c c"W8 c V\
 W V VmT6c W c aAc  ?_ 6 V T6c c"W8c V  W(
c#mV aAc  \e Wyc WV c" c  Wyc TV)W V V" vW V Z_^KYA
0r mT6c,U V V c"W c a Y b cQV V U"V  c?? 6
V/ VV1 c  T V c c(VV WW * c(TmW _b WW c c c V6V
V m Vc2_? 6O6 ca 6V%U"V c c M rsr (TraAV c(raAc  W
c( m 6c( m c c M "V c  c(T ? V6 m V  mR cm
EW"V "b Y ] ^ X
 T ?? 6 K c2V c1 M V V6 VV mMm V V T VMW,V\
mc"W # T ?_ 6 c"W/aAc ` c(T m c cV ` V2 m VV Tba "
 6V cAvW V ZYA[ f?
 W VMW  c mT6cW"TmW U( aAV cMV V 9T c( mM /TMW/a mTc cV\
U m Hc c W0c V cM_V K/T  cm(TMW/a0 VV9aAc " Vb  cRc"W/aAc
 m cc MTV K U"V V Yr??66 6TmW/a0"V: W#W VKE6c 1
Zm]Y^\g[b]m]YeXu^b\#Xg[1
u T t m c ( VaAV E cRa0 ` cW V mTcHW c )m V m c W(\
V6c  c c V6c(U c c%V(VMW U"c(raAV V M "V6c_? 6O6
`  ^KY Z 1
 ` c(r WdVMW U"c(T T W"c W,6c(T W ? cU Tg m?"
c"W/aA U/ V m cU"6V V \8W c\0 c(T m cmY m c(TmW )  c Vb
VcaAc rV66c  W ? c a " 6c V  V V c"W/aAV c c(U c c
_T6V c (T 1 c  (TMW/a0 V c"W 6cVM m V&cV VW c cmrvW V kYu[6\

??66W V cU m VaAc U ra VVMWV6"mc"W/  cc"W/aAV W
c(TMW W  W ? c ` raAcR6VmW c VMW bV6raAc6VmW6_V6U c"WRcHc T\
W V ( : 8VU X Y ]b\

usu 

9*D"D"
u"dK"*" O@,L " 
D/
u 1D4@4O-

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?y"?

107

SKc V6raAVb k m aAVmW VMW M W#W VMW7U"V c( VMW c9c Tc \ M W K c(ra V6VMW
T6 M V V,MTc c(ra c Hc6V) m V T6c c"W#W cBc?6V2  \


V ??66 6c W c&c " _? 6O66c " K6cTc " VK V v
Z Yv_\#X
VMTc c9V?_ 6v8c V aAW c  M U m V%6c M V c(ra m c
m V6c VcV m V V W c"W(aAVraAc"W%6c c(T mM 9EW V
ZbfKY^?
 T m W c( V c _caAV VMW V6raAc"WmTc c(6V V6cRbV96c
_? 6O6R ` V v Y^?
s
E1 4\4L"  "L 1" Y
 4 L E' c"W(aA 6  V6cbV6c
?_ 6  4Tf1 K c( ] Y ]b6 c ZYeXXg R W^KYQXgf Z b rVMW)XYeX \#Xv^
Xgf
JEREP B "L Y"1M"4 `"4 LL""
u `"4 N"@ r
"1 D4"4  $D 
uM T ` W W W V66bT6cRcw, .Rc"W8 V rTW t c Mmm cbW#W"cmY W
W V66bT6c6VV V"VmT6c?_ 62?c U m W U / V  c(TMW
cW Vc W  U"TQ Wr W 6V VU m MTcHT V 6? V&c c( V96cHW V\
t V c U m MTc T VW T W/ya x6U(V2 U TK{ zK Z YAf X
T a06 mU TV V6VmT6V T W T6 W_V V K W
U W*V66V m6 WU c" W c( m c m mU V V  c(TMWcRW V6c
` a Xv^KY ]Xv
 m c(b a 2 c( My c(TMW6cW Vc m mT6c W/ a Tc6c(T c aAV6
V  c(T mM rW V6c y mTV6 c T6c(T U" c96V W#W VW V V6
V,U"VmW"V,6c V 6ESKT6U XYu[6f [61
 V \QaAc\0c WdaAc"W T " W*6VmWa c VmW cVMW mT6c VMW U"T aAVMWd W TmV\
c"Wyc"W"U  W V V2mTc U 6c( VMW mTc T ??66 mT6cU"6V c 
c aAc(T2 m c  c(TmWcW V6c vW V ^KY ]_
U"VmW"V,6c6VU ?M" WymT6c?(T V c m c 6c?_ 6RMc R c(TMW
c W V6c }
Y | m mT6cRV&U/6V6cRV&W V6ra0V6cdW U 6V V6 W cRW ? c
* c(TmW6c W Vc W c6m " V  ?? 6~
8c V aA R2 c(T& m cmrEW V
fKYQX Z_

wyxz?{ |#}~_H?yHx((y?#| zIt#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m" ?y 6?QM


V6U  c W c(TmW?m W  W c(T c W"Vra0 mU"V  ` c(T& m c c
W Vra0 mU V 2 Vra 6c6VU ? cV , c(TmWRcW Vc aAc c KEW V
ZbrY Zm]_
 m WVmW  2 Tb a Wr Mm W c Y cHc W T V  WV
 raAc96c,??66 U"VmW"V  c(TMW76c,6V6U 6? T6c9 W9c(6W/V
W ? c W c(TmWU V  W c V6V c  W VmW TVMW c c(6VmW?bvW V ZY Z
]b ` YeX Z_
A V V,mT6cW V V7a V2U V c mTc T6,W T.?_ 6 aAc(T V V6 M c
c(6c(ra m aAc(T 1 M aAc 6c6VU 6 6EW V " kY Z[
 
T ,W T .)?_ 6 aAc(T V V6 m 6
c c(6c(ra m aAc(T kb c " W 6c
V6U  vW V [ YQXg[1
 V6raAc,6c c(TMW*W c"W rsQr aAc V bV6raAc & c(TMW,c6V6U 6 y V v
X#X YE
V /T " T:V??66 km a TV m aAc96c,6VU  Y c9c(Tc(ra V
VmWaAc(VMW 6c VU"VmW V  V6raAc"WmT6c c(6V V TMV 6c
_? 6O6 V 6V aA6U"T 2m aAc c6V6U 66 T  WW t c cc
VbaAV m c (  V v X8]MZY Z ] ^ [
 m c(b a ?, c(TmWRcW Vc v a VVaAc V&W cc(U"c c T6V  \
VK V E (ZYQXgf XO
s
E14-4L"  "L@"1""49M"  N ",4 LL""
u 'J1
N"4Y 4"
 N# @N.1 SKT6U VMW&XY ?W"V 6 ^KYeXu^b ^ Y^b V v _fKY ]?^ - .
464  "> ""  NH,
 "1M"4fLN"4`"4 LL""
u N 1
W V XeYA[3ZkX YeX 3 XQ_3Z YeXv^3ZbkY Zm]b66c 1 6Y ]bKkYeXv^XXY ]b X8]YeX0ZbXg[kYu6XgkY ] Xv^
Zm]Y Zb6Z Y^bZ_^KYeXv^ Z6_6ZrY  f ZkX Z_^6] Y Zb3]kX Y Zm]b3]mZKYeX 6 Xv^ ][3]m]Y 3] Y Z
X8]bk]?^YQX8] XQ Xgf XgZYv_k]bfKYQXe_]brYQXg[6 ZKYu Xv^ Xgf ]YQX 6 Y Z X#X Z_^
fKYQXgK^ YQXgfK^XY ]m] c( fKY kY ]b*X YeXO Z *X#XY ZmZb ]Y Zb 6 Y Zb b ZKYu6
V v XYeX0]bm^kY^r[6fKYuf
02 b
JERREP B

">6` M"4 N49N, LL""


u("4"4  $

u V W#W cmV ` V VKY u V6ra mT6c*VMW U"c &ca0tW c 9U"V V


6c c(TMW_vSKTU XY ]_^?
 W/aAV V c( c W mc"W  cWT rV9c V6ra 6c"W U c( U TK
V6 YeX0] Zm]?
u

R"L"
"4"L?!B "N "4  "*

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|m "?y"?

107

 (c TMW ,6c 6c V c R Vra  raAc V V6  V b ]Y ]_


 T 6c( M V=, m W#W . Vra Mwk V6 m c9W Vc m WW cAEW V
kYE"
W#W/ W#W cR_? 6O6K o V6ra 6cW Vc c2W c(T m" V m yEW V
^KYeXXv
W#W( W#W c??66 c(6c(ra m cW Vc cW c(T V6ra 6EW"V " ]YQX
fKYQXe

T ,W T .?? 6aAc(T c(TmW ?) V6ra cW Vc aAc(T V V6 M EW V
]YQX ]?
T6V6ra V WW c(6c(ra m" ??669
8c V aA  c(T m c 
V6ra 6cW Vc 6EW"V " 6Y
 W#W"c,??66 Km W#W c(6c(ra m" V6ra cW V6c EW V k ]YQX
fKYQXe
??66A
8c V aA  c(T: M c c9aAc(4
T c(6c(ra m"K Vra 6c,W(\
V6c EW V ^ Y^?
u c(raAV V V c(TMW c V R Vra 6cW V6c  V E _fKY Xv
 c MV V ?? 6 cr mM U V V +R Vra cW V6c vW V XY
W#W c V Y 8 V cU"c"W#W V 6c,VraAc2c2 W#W"VmW?VU"c"W 9 V6ra 6cW(\
V6c vRbm U"V6TmW VW#W m VMW#W/ W#W c 2 V6ra 6cW Vc v rvW V ] YeX#X
X8Z_
u WmT6cb c : Y c"W#W cV TV ? V V V MTcV c (V  W c
V/  c\AW c c c(6V U 6W c R Vra cW V6c vW V ^KYeXO
VMTc c9V  m " V \AW"c\0 c ?? 6 K Vra 6c7W Vc c
c 6V6cm6EW"V X Y Z
K V V2c?/T V 1 m V6c m m mTc V6c ) V6ra 6cyW Vc
c aAc(T c vW V X8ZKYu[1
 a   c(TmWc2W V6c Y V6mT6c cV m c VaAc(raAV V V
W c(T c a m" cW c(TMW  W 6 6V V V Vra 6cW V6c yEW V Xe6Yu[

u W V66W W9V6U c"W U"c(raAV  c ?_ 6 c Wc(U c"W#W(aAV6 W
W m c(6Wyc#MT aAV R V6ra cW Vc vW V ZrYQXg X YeXg[1

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m""?y  _gm

*
W V6 Mc"W U m" c V Va0( m U V6TmW"V6cR_? 6O6 aAc(T c(TMW c m
U V6TmW"V, R Vra 6cW V6c EW V ^?^KY^?
W7 6VmW,U mV c `  V Va V c W c(TMWm W  6rr\
mT ME V V m c96c,?? 68c V aA c* V V  V6ra cW(\
V6c EW V [ Yu1
aAc " V2c"W/aA2U 6cV,6c U"T V U ra V R V6ra 6cW V6c 6E6c 1 ^XY^?
k ra V_? 6O6W"c T cV " VraAc c(raAc U ra V ) V6ra c W(\
V6c E6c 1 ^ Y Zb1
. 4R6"4L"  L ""(-$"
D 4"44qB>"
uML\"4"4\"
N4"fo 1 D,
 M"  D41 G @D"
>L, p "*
u V6ra m mT6c96ca06%6cVmW U"c " W c %U"V V 6c c(TmW?
ESKT6U XY ]_^?
B h?irjml?niKY
4"4NMBLL""
u >6
 @D4TL D BD46
"44T1N   N1 LHK "  "
 L "","44>R6""  ",4@DYL9 '
Nh?ikjml?nbi2 . L>,N49N, LL""
002N

JE ?P#- B " >6Y" 1M"4?


6"t76`"I_D1B>  6"46
L 1",4LR!BLL1>R6"" " "*1  @"D"(- . 6"  ""Y" 6.
T6V m( mm c & (c  M  T 6T VMW W2c9a U T:c
(c T V m W#W cmY c( m (c T,c (c TmW c(TKv  Z Y Z Zbf?
.

Y"

SKc ? V V \8W c6cmT6c c(TMW*c VVW T6V U"V c  c(TmWc#mU"c W 


W c(T Hc(6c(ra m 6 V v _fKY ]?^_
. 1 W VVMW
??66W
8c V aA  c(T m c caAc(T4c(6c(ra m"K Vra 6c,W(\
V6c 6W c ,U"6V V6 c(TmWca 6V2V7aAc " VKvW V ^ Y^?
B 61zb1  4"4  "
d! !9N"D
" " 1NLNf" 1" 5 4L
L"&! "@"M"4q . D
?-yJ ` Va rYQXgfX Y ]m]Xv^KY Z_^)ZbfKYA ` U X Y  R^KY ZmZ
Y Z_^X YeXe?mSKT6U XeYQXv^ Xg[6m  rY ]bf P#- . 1Y"1 D
u T  WW ? c cc VaAV  c(ra V c  W c c(TmW6V aAU"T W
c WyU"T " V c  WyV6raAc c"W U"V c c c(TMWb W? V E X8]mZYA[
1"
E"41"49""r"44LoL@6 U V W c

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|m "?y ?

107

 W/a0 c  c c"W8 a m cRcWT a " W/a U T cHW t c a "


mTcW"cS. VMW#W c(raAV V  W c c 6V6raAc c( V2c?(VMW8c cW"V $TMrU"V
c*T V U \Q Wc m aAV9 a " W c c V6raAcRV VMW8 c(U/a 6cRc"W c\
V V / W raAccmT6Va VU( WU"Vb V bV6raAc, T6c,c"W(aAV V
VmW#W"c(raAV a " m cV6 m V V Tc c W U"T WW U"T W
c V6"V V W T6VMWyU M VMWyVraAc a "  YtZ ] X

,!

14  L 11
.

0 M9 c aAV9 T6cRc"W/aAV VW c(raAV6 a T ; m" c"W U a m


c(ra " cr m a MW W c V6 U m W caAcW c W_ cHr6bT ( VV t 1
 raA bW#W c T WyVU( W_Y WMTc SKc( m mT6c 6V9a t 6cy6T\
 V V 6c V r c(U"c(T7 V VV t 2: M c96c"W VaAV  W2W c(TMW
W caAcRW c W ( M ,mTcS.  & c a 3 c"W(aAV VT crM 6c 
c c cRa m T 7 m"m cU"Vb V bV6raAc* km c " c*V6 m V V
T6c c W U"T  W W U T W_6E^KYeX ] ^\gf X

0f,JA?P#-

B T"oL -"1M"4 '@uJ


 "D4NL('""&  64
.
-"L- p "L "o$*D - . p "> " o $*D o D4!ED!'J@-"DN3, 5 9
 N2$"
/KL"o61z1;f"4"D4   '@u.>1T"
E
1"4   ,/1 Db$ 4T"L6@oL 6 b
@ T>  MBLL""
0- B a"
L M"4 'J@u  "D4 NRh?ikjml?nbiKt_1D B>  ,T4R6  "L 1"Y
$ /
/K L?"- , 5 >"R9 U"V W c
uq
rM 6c  W c(U"c m MTc ,& c( M W*W"c( m c"W c c
W cW_6Xe6YeX
. 14  L 11
mT6cc"W/aAV V VMW#W c(raAV6 W ? c U"V V ? V6U a06V W ? c%V
c"W/aAc K c(T m cc"W U a p
Y cH W cW:c c( m WW c( m c"W?
XgkYeXg[1

$o" 6-LI'! 4T"oL"o N'J@u?-N- ""M 6 " 


M"4 "='@D4 f""MK "4."Q4.L"-"1M"4."1"
E.4
'@D- B q"" akD1  L 1 M"4."3'@D ?1D BL1` Va
X8ZY ZbfXg[kY Zbf ` U XYQX  Xv^rYQXgXv^KY ]b3SKTU X Y ]m]b Y ]byfKYQX X rY Z X#X [
X YQX#XgXg[rYQXg[6XgkYeX#XO6ZkXY ]kXgbZmZYeXOf6Zm]Y^X . 1 V6rc
 c(TMWm?V &W TmW"U/ aAV  T ; c mT6c c c(U"c caAc V c(raAc 
c"W T6"V 9cRU 6W T a W W Ta W c W  VMW*c cy c V6c\
U c ,caAc V c(raAcm6AZY 

" 

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|;m""?yy?Qm
0 (c  c(T2c"W/aAV V,VMW W mc"WV2 aAc c cWyU m VmWT c(6W WU TMW
V V:T U M m c mT6c c  c9V%Tc K6V6
m r m c V) M V c  c m cRa W Wr mm W cHV"mc"W c 6TVMW
V6 m V c(T m r W c :T M r caAc  c c(T c
T mT6c  c c(U c K06Y3X8] X 6 Z"
B "T"MK"4L ,"1MN """
E4X'J@DI_D1B>,1 ` Vba ( Y ]m]
rY ]_^6Z YeX
0R9

f"L ` N Y"("4"4  $


VMTc cRbV  W c " V,?? 6W c(T c(TmW cV V 9W"c(TXHc V
T6c W"TmW U( aAV cV V,c c"W_6E6c  ] YAf 1
 cQ W9a m V WKt W76c,W V6c c TMW U"V V??66 W c(T
c(TMW c)V V  W c(T?c cU M aAc M* V?_ 6 c,V & c(T
c  m WyVmW? W ]KY^?
TmW U( aAV c6W ? c,c c"WT VMW/a m" mT6c WV(VMW U"c(raAV ` c(TW c "m
V c W%V(VMW U"c(raAV c c c"WW c M VmW(a m c T
_? 6O6 _ 6c"WW c c# m c(TMW c V U( cH , c 6c c"W_ KM
] Y Zm] Z
A V V9mT6cHW c (V V ` m mmM c T c"WHW c c( m c(TmW  ` c(T
W c M7 V Y
,W c  . c6W ? c,c c"W V VmT6c2Vg(V:T VMW/a m V V
a Wyc c"W/  c(raA V aAV W ? cV9aAc " V E c c"Wc WyW"c(TmW?t W
c Wt W9 WW"c(TmWm W Vba VcaAc rV6c  V  U( c
V V&c c"WcaAc V c(raAcKc6t " V cmT U U"c a cV  cT U r\
U c a 6c caAc r6V6c V c ,U m c c"W_ Km ]Y Zm]b\AZ[
A V cU m W U T U U"c a c VcaAc rV66c VmW W c U m \
bVMW_m c"W c V bk6c\ m aAc"W(aAc T66V9 W Mm W 6 U( cRc
SKc"3W V6 m 6VmWyV6"mc"W_vW V ^?^KY ] 
VMTc cVc T6c c?VMWaAc(VMWU"V6VMW6c V cm?c(U 6V c?VMW W T\
VmW T(yaAT VMW 1 c"W/a0 aAT c1VMWW T6VmW TVMW c V,c( tU"V c1U m WybVMW
c caAc rV6cm6 R W rYQX#Xv
0 U VMW V6c V U m c(TmW U m V6 6c_? 6O6 V6raAc
c c"W_6s 8V6U X8ZYuf?
VMTc cbV6V c T V raAc:V c aAV V V V U"VMW V 6c V K
s 8V6U X8]YeXu

wyxz?{ |#}~??yHx((y?#|"z(m#OxI|#Kx?#~?x(|m "?y ?

107

070

B 1@@.N   ,/ 1D 4" KL"T"4"DN"#o"LL  4


@"  N ,/1D."L@ "K"L ."646"HK('@"-1mL"- /
"
NN! /
"4 " 4 4TM.4"
 " N644> m" 6  "

KL"
A cKT U U"c a U m ` c(Tc c a m /T cV V ` c(TW"c m3
c VcaAc r6V6cc"W(aAV c c(U"c ctV9aATV2W c c(raAc cc( tU"V c aAc(T9a \
6c)bc V" c bc V6 c WU TMW,U _c"WW V VmWaATVMW V V\
6VMW  aAV ?( V c 6V6c  VU 6 c"V6 WW V6ra W  raA
_V VmW/aAc)c ; W V aAc(T V6ra m c2bW#W c"W(aAcmY TMWdV6T? W 6? c \
c " W m c#MV aAc c ca 6cc(ra c mMQ U 6c?V V ` c(TW"c mM
U m+ c 6c ` 6V2W V6ra0V6c T6r U m mT6V ` 6V W c
t " cHaAV ?( ` c(T ? V6  U t " V b  ` 6V c V66c9c
` 6V W c U m bV9U m+ c c* ` c(T m cRW"c c#mV aAV 9 c(T
U  ckc m ct  V V T6V m cR W WV TV&c"W(a V c ` c
 M U V Y T W ` c(T Vb ` c(T c(TMW
c  U"V6c ` 6VW V  V" 3
V ot( T c6V c? M   r a m V a  VbW,mT6c W cWV
aAc V ? ` c(TU U"c a  cW c m " c m W/aAV c c(U c c c V9caAc r \
V6c V TV)W c c(raAc c c(T7a " U m WbVMWy WyU T   V c
/T c m ` VW V6ra06V6c V V % c(ra0 c TVW c c(raAc
W c c V2caAc r6V6c c c(Ta U M) W 6 bV6raAc6c ` kU m
V T6V&W c m cy c VcaAc rV66c cU m aAc"W(aAc T66V tc VmWT\
c(6W_ V v fkY ]b\v^ Xg6\AZkX Z \AZb ]?^b\8]
1"
E"41"4M1 4  "
 { NT4."  ^KYeXg\#Xe_ Y^
X8]mZYAf\Xgf bpd\3].=[Y\^]9#bpd\7
07D-$"
.LR6 F G

"kN
!BL1 " !"*D".@N !)J">\$/
/KL
! 5 6
D)
1 ">M1  41BLK"4, ","1MN)h_ikjml?niKK`"4
BLL"
fN)N"@ 34"4M4 LL""
u", " f61z1'J@u-"D4.
,/ 1Dr - , 5 L  4&
K"# " 4@N\@L/_" 4MM@*BD4M
"
f     D."" 4N B /
r 1 
$/
" KLffN B 1s"
!6? - .
 @6"4 "
TM@D9@ ">4.1s"-" L"94QN4"2


1f4," +
N14,LI '!,
Y Y"K? -9'J" 6  *644Y L
6 !DLM"4  "
H
$"
/ KL "
E1 DLL6 "4" ">L,"( <8=?>
B ,"L
JE0 - P

 6 !EDLBL  " 6  L 1"
$$"
" 

wxz_{ |#}~??x((?#| zIOm%x(|#Kx _#~?1x(|;m "?y"K?Qm


c"W"TmW,W#W cmY u c " ca W W c(U"c a W Y T c W Vc K
c( m W#W 2 (c TMW  rU  (c  M 6 M W#W V V mWRV & c( m
aAc(T c(TMW6cda  aAc(TU m V6" 
c c2a VVaAT6VV
V K ` U X8ZY Zb
]
u T c W Vc _ ? 6O6 W#W 9 c(TMW 9 6 rU _? 6O6  V V MW
aAc(TU m V6" c96ca 6V%VaATVV K
_? 6O6aAc(T (c TmW6ca :
V
c(Ta [kY 6 ^?
 W c2V/ 
 T6c*6c"W TMWc,W#W cmY mm ` c"W(a c mT6c2c m _V c
c ? m V V9m T6caAc(VV 6VcaAc V(6c"W TMW A cW#W cmY bm mT6c
c)U 6V VMW ?M  6bT (?m W c( T m c(TMW_ ` Va XgrYQXg[
Xe

A V VmT6c a W W c W 6V aAc " V U 6c( V


_? 6O6RvW V ]6Y Z

mTc W T W

 T?,W T.H_? 6O6 cc(T V ( V ( 6c `   c(TMW 


V VmT6cU c("V 6c"W 6c VmW"U c W  c96c"W 6c c(raAc mT6c
 M,. c(TMW V ( 6c ` T-,W T._? 6O6cRc(T V (
EW"V " ^KY^ [
_? 6O6@8c V Aa ( c(TMW6cyW Vc MTcHV aAV6,#c(ra cS. WMTc T 6W(
T)W m c(raAc W (c TMWW 6? ca W W c Wy VaAc " VKvW V ]6YeXg[1
6 c(TmWV (
 Yuf?

c ` cc(T V U"V U c(U(A,EW V

T6c + (c TMWyV ( 6cy?? 67cMTc V6 U 6V W c( 2 WW


(c TMW( V v XgfKY ]kXv
<um>
JER0 - P B ."-L "LLT`" @6!EDMBL  -" 6"  L ""
H$/
/KL
u W m c(raAc (c TmW c"W/aA9c(ra ca0 R
c V ( c(6T + (c TMW m c 6 V6c \
V c(raAc y T W :
c(TmW U"T a mK (c TMW  V V6 M 69
c W V6c *vW V
^KYeX  Xv^?
,W T. T_? 6O67&c:c(6T T a "% c(TMW:V ( 6 c ` 
(c TMW_(TMW/a c W V  V m" c(6T V ( 6 c ` _H 6V V V ` 

wyxz?{ |#}~?H_x((?#| zIOm#Ox(|x _~_1x(|m""?y1?

107

V VmT6cW c (VW9W V m W a W Wt6WVaAc " V m m T6c TA,W T.


c(TMWyc c(T V ( vW V ^KY?ZkX ZmZ_
 T ,W T.?? 6 c V ( 6c c(6T V V6 m 6EW V " ]KYeX#Xv
 (c U 6c(U c mWRV (
T ,W T. ?_ 6aAc(T c(TmW  c (c TMW*c(6T ;
c `  c V ( 6c ` c(T V V6 m  W X8
] Y
#W W( WW c _? 6O6 Hcm6c W V6c  cW"c(TXHc(6c(ra m ? ?66W8c\
V aAY TW,W T.  c c 9V a0 m cV ( c `  
c(TMW_uvW V 6 YA[
??66W8c V aA 2
& (c T m c
c Hc(c(ra Mm& V6ra cRW V6c
(c TMWyca V2V7aAc " V W c 2 U 6V V6  EW V ^ Y^?
VMTc cRbV  ? ? 6W c d m H
? c,a 6 VVoaAc " Vb VMTc c
 cMW 
bVR_? 6O6W c (
  c d (c T2 m 6
c  6 s8V6U X Yu1
oD 4LN"4H"\N/
"4M'J"4"4#, 4T \RH4

h_ikjml?ni .
D,4,"+r@-/
1dq .
D >"11B>4-T" 9d"
4 9L"9""Z

qU`W!\jjk=jc]cbi q=\,M,6ekY=jge..
[\Y
=
\9#
]
`5\_a`5\K.Y=[\Y\6

0N@BttBt)/!nWS)!
y$$ss}+$+-y+62U+})-?)y)$tU$MMC!M)
 U%M?$@y+??)+2M) C+)$$)@@$>)%/@+
%+6}+U2sy7%+y$+)$)+$ }%+$+$y+ w w$
$PM @+)$!{! +B@y@ )M(y+M6M6) ))y-
+$@++6+7%+s9t%S)y% 
+ $ HSt  +S tY+S}$) Bs! +
{ ws! +)
)}}C@ @C( A s   A )   t tt5 t W HS t +)

H$s - + Y +) - ) 

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UC3 

 A ) t(+)t!! Y@ {U s 4


H$s  +  7 H$) S  5LS)%$6 K6 @ )  
 wC +)pC( ?  Bs!  @ +) 7!@  s M
 wC X ++S!C$)p ? $s X + ws! +) $ wC"!
+)} Bs! +}$)B) $ #6$  !5 BsC: ? ++S!
$)? W $s 5 + ) Bs! ) $% $ %7+  %$})Y)&!
)) +S ws! ( 'H@+)Y% $@ A ) -t = Bs! $)4 K
+-$))++)+.
-  U$0 /)$.
-  /)A
*) :! tta!H  $ ,
-}1 /) 3

2 h s @B)%5 4 @/ %


"6  $})} 'H}hS ? ) tH $pts)HSt /@p a7!
t84 &' MS!#@- (C 7KC9)! +)7) +M 
$)p) +7$76   P+::+$t7) ++S67)t?s 7!
%/Y+sK/ !@B++  ) tHt+K&!y 
";< = Y!+)?t sKt )?> S!)?)H
% 7&' p$) @ H$s ( +  +S t ( ) t 6$)@S 
% $    A +St~ :4t sa:?4)H) @)HtA4!B
$2!)) YHA4 = ) 9 )$Y! +)!$ ?)4 S!
Y+ XB ) Ca$ Y )+%Y )) )K H+ = +
H )!nB$ $}+)}B)HtA4  ) U Y!np }&' BH+"!
) }+}t!)) $ Y!^Bsa } )$A
"C D !ht }@} Yh  M ptH!n ! 2 wws! C
!@787SFE) GH*I JKAH>})  LGHLI JK?H> + +NMtt 
O GHLI JKAH ) + $ $   C}KCP%!QH )2  K+  2+ R!
$)= @p K!P
)! K 5! +S 4C) )+AA =+)
O GHLI JKAHW Y+S-?})  $)9
  4 + +S
Mtt  9  +S
 N
!cA
) :  D +!@}) tY!@ F H+: 
F H$  /})
HSU
T+s  D ss%}+):} K
VO $})Pt( 'H @ ) t Y+S! $)6P+S) )   s H+"!
 W 5t  X ZY\[O]KCC$+S % UHH+ 2+)p%H$!#7t!)!
? + 
twtC!~B^ HH+ %H$+S  )  tt& + "!SY}) 
$ ?}BSHt  ! HH+ !++S! ? ) /t 2+)
H ? + t / CS`_p )t@84 t+ < K+ 5S @
HH%s ?
)  Y+SM  tt : t7+)7 <
)tt!#$)7*) 77@
S:))+M

2!MstpM2p2MtH t>K!t/MtM!ba= M.c


d

107

e5 t7$)7t7Z 7+)  H$s  +  +S BsC: L t


) Ctt7 HSt  $)7t7+S)+   tp 3H+ <  S!
$s  t}+S)+ W ] D C%p Y!n! Y~ W s ]AfBH $)7 !%p
Y!  )~t!)) A t9HK U) ) H+Ss  4+S)$W
S)+}$B g 4h/)BC:)} Y!4 W ss ]p M !%p HC) !+)
tC(X!)?H+SsS W s$ ] W )$?t? g S H+Ss  aK %s 5 &!
) t+S)+& !t  !%7wC!C% ? ) B W $ ] h+{t
C:)?+ ?B % !)+)?t?!@@Bs!aH)+M W ! ]i$ )?
GHLI JKAH
Y H ! - ) tS)B) S  MtB / ) K
jlkm W ]n$ )7) H$s   t('HP+S))-L!)6 Y!@ +&!7
% p#!)Ht Y@!+) g}$) ! K)+ H+Ss C+) R!
HM Bt ) H$s  )t6t+ -+S)+XPC%)HH$t84
 7@7$s 54 +6tPHH$t84
f}!  ))+)L {tl
H+Ss 
/K!P
)!c+)! Ys:)C@) ) C@@@R >W MtYt@H+:s
+  Fo1p #CHS! $U
 +S7$P!) Y!5+@ C +
5 4  +S Y@HH+t8 4 P)+{q
hr
29a!))YHH$t8 4
 pK!P
%+ q
hB$)p+S) % ) % !Y+Sp 3
H+Ss 
)!n U
K ( 
$})pHK6( 'H7 # ))!Y+ +S) Y+ ! ) !
++S! 6$)P!% ! Y+ t8 4 ( 'H  !
% +K$7 !@M !H !#tY:)Ms
$})7C:)P Y! t( 'H
   M C E&!tB) t!++S
+S))B
H$s 
u tp$+9l2yn+!Rv2$@3!y)$
Ays?zC

+Fxw5%){

u {4M%% $?!6+4$)2yy $? %Y)$W!


y)$%){C)Z|?zC
"}}++)$6)+B-2y !$syXy+y)%{C(y?~ gyM
C )/+@y}/U)2$$+B-2ygH|% ~C
utp$-P2sy6$ +++)$ /y:

o1p  ? )
1o }M+

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!3M.c < (

+Mn+?M$))+^9@6))+$


2syl)!4g+C

u +-t?@%)+ +$+W+M-MtMUM!/B7+!$?Bsy
 w $U$ $~$%! +M +)y>yMwABsyB
+2)t@yM 6$+5!)! YBsy+6+ !
+=$CMR |+u + ~  z K
u + Ly@@@@$Y$B+M-y))S$Y4Bsy)?@!
%)y$@y}t sy${$C1<y$M
j@sm W s ]fBH +)XPC:)
%  H+Ss  t7+S)+L
W tY ] w!% % )  {

!6 )t!)) @ t 5 K +


%

)+6$4hp%L!)6 Y
!4 

tC)!M$ +!4+4Bsy4+% $$y!A/)=Y1/)


gv)| Z|M

" )M)+ }y+Mw $p )M+7++ $


2yP$B)M+$v)t)Z|

)% $?

u+M+M+!+!$P2sy6$B%M++g+6)R|<y0z!

)M+ $) B%tC-U!sy6$ +P$!yB +g0?Bs


sy$M}+B+yM %)+) $?{$ Bsy?Rv!y
$?1 /)++y!sA
/)W?$)M+W+$$W)!w+6+Ayy)
S
"-BB$yB$}Bsy6)++6Xy!s?/)+g ?z syM



W  ] 

$ %K)BC:)

u+6/y

U<\<W6Bsy6+M2!2+%$$C\St{

u +6/y
UF<9@Bsy@$ / $ %M!{$?~2sy4$y+
$MBM2y$yB$2U $u %((y
+6?+-! $ p
tWBsy/+
6+?y+g |$

+ $Y)$+7!y)

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba c 

107

p%+ U<\<W6Bsy6+6!C$B$-+6)t|%
"6 

W 6 ] D Z)H%$})BC:)
-B +%y?+@) +7+ $% +$yMU!/M!y$y$
/+6Bsy6++$-++! CS$)

";<

W ; ] D

!)}! S! t B

u +6)+Mp4#-@?Bsy$ )(!$74
}6@-$+$%){Cy Z|)IyO|gyM

/+y)

" ++4)y}6@-Bsy+y)%{y |g


"}}++y6-4@+P$!! s)y}6@-Bsy+g+P$$"

-=Bsy6+)M$wLy$M?(/y
+-t
Z|

 M

)M$+)M YU0=/y$M+$ 9@FBsy?+6+

y$)yy)+!)?)%))$+6$}@Bsy${!M|yM

"C

W C ] D

C:)})I  B4h2@!

" y+y +})$6+ +$6h-2y $y))|:


u3<F<54y+ -)6@!6+!wBsy-+Ut++$)g 
zSyM

+-t}+M%U!y 2y)syM

$+lxwM/Bsy${!M|Z|M

Uy)yP}2/M!y$M+$)P$}Bsy6P$+$ -B!8z

" - %s MLU!  tA2y %U$ +4)$ %-/+)


(y+s%{ ~C
(Bn2sy6$}y++`t B+M$(-w!y

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!3 M.cU (
O
"}}++)$2U tP$M}!}6Bsy6+}1+(+ +
5FyM

" ->++ + 7+y7$7Bsy @$p$@Y( s9


t 
"B$$ 6Bsy6)+6}+y+y}+P+y){M M

+6+@6$M}!B$nBsy6+B)$1/)XH t?z

K

" )!MywU%+$ $+! My$+$ ++y4$~MtWBs


syC) %6 M2@$H R| |t{
VO

W V ] D

!)} <K!

(Bn2sy-(+)+)+!KU t+2+Xy+Z/+!|sM

" }}++)$?-Bsy$ ( % $P% (@tU+4M%U))


.++MI}+S/$2 $yPC!yPBsyMB }$ +!
!y$)+!+)sy$n)y+s%g yO|% yM

)s1(yy)%MU+6+}Bsy-@$)+$1/U!sM

e5 W e ] D ! })\> %  $s }<KM) 7$ 


)7
ys: W 5
t X ZY V :AY\UZYR:AY  ;6 ! ;C :$~!OY 6 !  e :[ ZY e !  [:+)! ; 6O6 6V : V ZY e
Y X : e  YR: X   [:[ 6 [+ ;A CC : YRY ; !  V : Y 6 YRYR: D C&Y 6 ZY C : Y V ZY 6 Y ; ]t
jllm W ss ]`$

6) H+ < ('Ka+S))X!%a KC)t )+)?t


)
C@B!)}H+SS

$)t6 +! +@)$=) +% %+A@+=Bsy/)+


/+}y$B)6!)P$ +P+g+)|uM
u +6+M! $c$$~)4Y$2yW)M=Bsy
$+!p)9@!q$> wM76M+! $>$)+! )M@=y)y%yMM
! R |?~ s?
~ <

u+6+B$n)P++6}+l) 6Bsy+! CtS zC

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba cU

107

( Bg+$}/+-?g4@M. +6 M+gBsy@7)+


-)P(!6+}458))-+$@}?))?+$%++M
n+n2sy6$+0 $7 yy%@$y))F M
y$M!!U+= w X++$W)W+BsyW)$U$/
$}@!&wP $  +!0${C Z| 
B)$6
52y )+4+$M?) - +$=y
y)%{CKAyZ|% 

@+++6)@ $+)+( L +$+! L++++6+$+


++6)%CnBsy6}n$++$g+)y: |
u 3<F<+6 !) =)(=+?/ )%Y$
$)+$=+gHy1M

2sy5+M +@)!

U<\< M@-62yP$6+@n)6@!6$!+Z/+! 
"  )+%@
)4U!B$4)+yM4
(!6+}4}U!C+}(+)++gH?~0z!

@2y>)

$!?)
3<F<9 U-2y~$) C-U$= $a
ty-,% C$H t)u+~C
-Bsy6Rv %sy+6 2@6)%+++g{+!gy<
y% !+lSU$B@-Bsy6)?y$P)y+Z/+!8~yM
Bgy$@$6)@)+6@-BsyC)4y!@$%){R| 1M
$BM$ @@y-+@)-M6y+yL
s%{tM

+$+$B2yL

u +6SU$6$?y /L)6@!@@Bsy@$$+$)$)+@$ +6 6


y) +$ wyy@+)$ 2@yM%U!XMyX1// !t{
Y C  +  C  p % )%!WB
 H S#C )
) 

D  CC

[ X YX

tpgEi8  M +

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!3 M.c (

2H B@UF<Bw  @+$?+M?@y+$ ?$WBsy
ty $uL( !y|M

" +6 +P7$ BsyM $+y+?y$~+)/ $ W ~ s)


$SM
u +6$@+! ?Bsy$M7+`+6+$@7$M6M7$)sy+
y2$ +%=$/$CC 
6
y $>$q)y3y)+^+$@+$q$MAw
|"

A32syg 

u +6$@+! )$ 7$M$y ?MP$M?++$}+)


(+!!P2sy}P$ y+6(y+g yyZ|M
u +6$@+!(2y@$ ?y+44$)%y+4M $M
M 7 M6- 6 ) +!% -$$@+! 4BsyBg+!
s%+?zC

) +H C@  $s  t4+S)+4H!)t:}t!Y+S~ N%

54 }hH$s 



$})B) H+:s 
!h)?s84

tp+S)%7 !) $sSt7+)2+)HK

u Y%sy?)Yysy6++ s+6$P2sy$B/+@$$ +7Bs


sy4+M-+$4s$U$5++ +M-ysyM$?$$ 2g 
+ M
" -Bp+  IU$9+6 ++Bsy +!M$y++$/@++
++ +!M$y++6} ysy`+P2)+6+UtC$$y))F
+6+!)w$-+)%?

)+}$?%y @+y?$6+p
%+2+}Bsy6yy $g  B~Z|

%+2)M+)$)++-} ssy$}Bsy+g F<y0~!


4+y$+$M?M/+M+@Bsy$U $@+!(=!)
$MB $:)\|

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba c U

107

9m W s+ ]$ ) )+}t}gU $ s  }HH) ? ) C+S))&!t 


!)BsC:C) - ) /Y E&!tB HKItC)!
+! $M!Y)% )$+M%@//)$  +`+6  )+s{+
l+P}-2y}U}@%+% a%)M$@?a%s+M y $ w $s
$
B$h%+-@+$+)R||y+8|M
s)% ?$@ $+y )?+U
$M!SU + a$M}w7?Bs
sy6+ +$ $+!Bsy6+B)M+}$y!s?/)$CBsy-+
+!+6}+}$y++$   CtSM
u6
+ !I=Bsy4$M-}! y+) !U+>)+ g 
yS{

 (@+Yy!y $Y2sy+`
U<F4U$MM4)!
$h))y$P$`tp$yB+B+$H \Az z % 

"- /2y $%)+b+


+$0
U<\<?U$- $+)!s C+2M)/$ +g

$M^9W4++)s
8~O{$CyM

u + $)+)+@)4Bsy +- t
+s! M

+M! $+

y

v)sy+ 2nBsy6})t${$CCK/s{
u+ wy$M)y)}h%Bsy+g+)C|s 



$ : 2$)+6h)-Bsy+s!M
 H$s  ! :)M+BOGHLI JKA(
H ~ - )

u+6 2/UBsy+g+)ys<y

" }}+ %)A>2syA+U<FBB +


$+!++g y%U|M
-cBsy3$UF<
~| SMy 

4A+$ $,-

A)+MU!^@+^+=+vg 

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UC3c  (

y%+5)+?@! +)WBsy7/+=)$M)+!"}%){
|?z g
u+ t.3<F<
y0~!

+UM+@U!7YBsy+{!+C

}Lsy$+Bsy@$P)$@$+$+!/! +6)?+-y
)-g4)+gH8~|S%%){CL~| |
$W+tA
% ==Bsy=+=$@/U!y$+@y$/ +
+)}+(/8~|
$C%U%y+!!y)$@yMKU $7?BsyP$M)
%+y}$9 +g F<yS ~!
c/4FyF>/2yv%+y9)+ U++$+@
$)t7+(6U%+(y@@%s$Y$Y$@ +7LU
$++$:)CZ | 5 |% CR |:%)0 |) {+CCS
 /4-y-UBsy7$y  /4?y? +-$)
$a%)+1 U%+8Py@@%s$Y$Y$ (= 6))@ y4
%)+$/y/!y$)+$? $=+@)y>(+)!)/U$
y%s$$+@ +p6))$ $+yY%)+$M@+@My)
$6+@

W  ]$ )B%  H+:s   )$}t StKp ? ) t!+S))!C!h"!


+ CBC:)}+ }B% !+)}ws!BMK)+
m

B$+$++$ )) $6 M ) +B@ +!/ ++


-)+)MCs +$+$ 2)+6$- wM@/}M)$1%$!
- w $ $C ~ g

" }}++)$?$p +!UBsy+@++$+!6Mp%)$@ y$


-+$+M +M%+UB (( @ y++- + }+$$
6) $g +) ~ |
}B + +KU +}!M-+ $p/$M Mw+)+))
)=y+ + +7Y%)$y#+?4)+ U tY%t +
!M -+ +}}+)$)$- wMM-g+) ~ y+ M

2!MstpM2p2MtH t>K!t/MtM!ba= M.c cd

107

B-M)$!C$a%)t/+ $pM}/p%y9 +$$+C7UBsy


$?+$+ $p-@+)$)+wU+ !M/ +7)$?? /7)
()+!q@ - wM4 )$!M/ +U@+)?c wM
y$ 4 wM! +( M6$! v+!A
w+M)+!)~ wM-? w ? !
!+g +)C( yS ~$tM

" }}++)$$}S
+$$+ $B2?+U$y+?)% M+!+7
$$!UBsy6+q++$M!y ++v=$$CsA~!
u+
 2+@$C% C)$ M)}%)$gyh+!)+-p9n7M!M
}}+/6n9@+ (@)tUsy$+)$Y4 y )+
M+  )$ $ !`H y)!%t6@U!sy+-UBsy +6$ !
+ ! M }M $?++$))+ C6/2y)+
yKU $ +
 2))$)$P $+$+ )R|+ Z|?Cz 

u + 4U 9+M= 5% /)M5=)t


%+y$+)t%UsM

1t!M!7UBsy

 ) F ) {   H+:s )BMK)+  ` $s - +  X )


H 4 Y MH 4!++S@ ?ta t ) t/+)
Y)) :))7 ? ))  p )) -:)) ( ) :$6+)
t}$) +C  !!Ht+ /
$? M$! v $! w M$ $sy+!U$ w 6 w 26!M$
yS ~+ z ?~ )M
}!

+StBt!!W
} +/2y)M-y+M2 2% !)y?++@$+-+6!
)$:)t%:%
$+)$@)@}) +7)M@M%U+)+}%{8$}%t
B6-P+4)+6}$+$+g+)y1+~C

"6  fBH +) 5 H+Ss )MH%$ H+ W + Y $)


) $)}xf}H%$Y %MK!P%!ht} tt
$~$+$5))$WUBsy~%+y/ +s+ ?)$W=))$
 $+$+)+Z|?zCt

2!MstpM2p2MtH t>K!t/MtM!3M.c U (


O
K +)6A>7 SZy54 ? @)+{ $S 7  { $)7td8 Y
% # )7KAM+K ? ) Bt66wC B% 6Y@6-wC
f}H%$!Ct {@ X H+Ss ? + D t8 $ X ) / %tU )K Bt"!
%+ }7 g  F/ )  H+Ss  +  t K+)p )7HH$t84 
!#  ) s
 # s tH # ? } ) &' }(E! @PK!
$t8 4 
 Y+ $ 5 4 :tHH+:t5 4 tC)) aHA4
%?ws! B % ) ++S? 5 ) t,
 Y+ 5 4
W )+: tC)) HA
4 wC D ) ++S? 5 ) 
$})BH ( 'Kpt {@( 'H& !t}!ht%F >M) )

";< $}) ( H+:s (  + t('H??Bs!PMK)+P% M+:+S ) t+


)%p(/!++SB  HKt!)!
" }}++)$)M6 )$Mc6) )M%  )$4yZ)6$sy !
$M +)!+7U2sy)$y? M+)$)Y@@+
+}) )$% Cg{+! )+ Sy)M!|{
u +-ts
3<F< U- 4/2y $Y0W$M4/@69)$
/)$  $-U ()9y$9M +})$>W+$$++Fy+FM
g HF ?z s{
s)% -+@-+-+-y)P$
+tM y?g?+?+
$WM$)@2sy(+P-1)M6()y+4462)4 +$+
 6y6$B$ 2& v $ H C7 y$ M

" -}+g 6}+?}/!syMp6)?Bsy- $$


gH|yS ~C
" -B ++$ +=$l+P%{gBsy?7
++g+)y:y

+$+6LUy+$+

" -4UBsy +$$ +?+)p)$+/+ (p/)$ +


2MC)7+6Bsy6}$++g+)B~ "~|
u+
+A)2B  M) !> )$5U+5Us0/) ) 4
}}+-$4 wM}95$M) !+4 ?U2sy)+y(?qMM%
s%
| tKM! )O{ $CR| S C~ 

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba 
d

107

% C$P ?/2yY)$y@ 9MM% -%)+2/ -@!


$ +-$)q++$ +}}+M!/}@!$ +-$)  $p+
$@C

}}+$)+
+ -=M) !+$ M- 6?)M$@+=@UBsy
+y?$)+? (?+@ U4M(:v5| ~++!%SL{$C7|s K
%
$C|$8|O|
9
@ H%Ht+Ks )Y%)Zy:84 @)4HC) 54 Y )
sC:xf}H%$M

"C

@}M8 }$) %  $s X +  )+t7 g  ) tM +S)+

p!)-wC!+tH -Y !U!!#+{t 7C%P$P) !


{C+)}t}!@wCBH)+! t )  H+:s  U% K!+)
 t+S)+ 7BsC:f}H)+}) ++S
K!P
)!^}C(d
 $s X + 
 )  D tH htBg E}C)/t!++S!
"-4UBsy6)t} H)Z +u/UCt! ?z+<|~$|$ 
s)!y-1$6U$+7$M)+$y6)$yP$@y)C+@M7!y-
2y 2$ +PM$uU/CyuM
5@!W$M?+)+MXy$=
$!)y)+W!y@$+M +
$PM/!y}BsyMB$ +P2)+++M2?y$?y+u/U"~C

u {+LU+$ $+MM))?$+M+%)+M+% +


$+$C6s!y % 7+y)
u +- ==UBsyU$ +W$++
yS|

@+-$)@

+4 y)M%+Mu/UC

"-4UBsy6}UM% C=A=$1/U!S

" -W-$$ C+nl)$@+yKU$ $p)$+$tg!


5 wU%+ +s+$ $=)+ )c)4/2y?U!=@+
$M)/M!y+Z /+!$S
"-=2yP$/}s2 !L$M/}$tpMtSM

$ $2U+({)6Bsy6}$y$+}+/ws ${$CCS

B!:tMMBBMtKAH!tUtMC3M.< (

-4UBsy7)$y6)+ }s !)M!y+!}!wU! C?g{+!gy{


/++ !$!6+UBsy7)$y/M! !${$CC"~O

u +6+$W%t?)@UBsy4)+y +-tY4))$ ?$W@W%)+M


%y)(}9)$%!sy+s!Z|A~!
"-Ayy(+)+6$ + 2}62yP$U+u/UCC z 

}t!w!H +)W)  H+ 3 +  ! S+ 4t>+S)$ )


$+ _Bs! B% 6! ) ++ _-ws!`f K)+!+!$+SP R!
$)}}gB - H+  + $)} SBa!)H}B)H+:t
`m W C ]N$

)B
GHLI JKAH@4 H ! X ) tS) % :  Mt

2Y B% Ks<E&!t67HH)s B) K}+) }HsM C!


!  +)GHLI JKAHqS Y n  5$ ) HK!#!nC  HK7!
C ! t4 +@p! t4H+Ss ^ptt6 K }C:tC pK
B$)pHK !WB$)  9S  nC+K HK Cg!
t4  +!t!#
GH*I JKAH,S ) t 7HK 7 p% K7+&!
! t6++)!Y+S?H)C+: *
^ HK +?C $Yt
H+:s HK!gB % } }  M7+K tpC{CnKC
!
%! K!# +6#)}t +S S %t@)) !t
) HK tH HstC ++: x
 }p+ ~

$) tH // )s I +K  +)- K C
! C 
!^ $s   ) :BtH h :t ++

" - 2sy)@-+y@6@-yv 6 )+!$)+@)!@


$ +`+6 /{)(2y@++PBt !Y$M-4 ~$s
$
$ +}$y${CMCyM
:} tt

}}+6-UBsy4)+5$y++)X)+4+$$@+!y 6$P$
y@$y!} %yB$ w{C R
| S$ (y
)+ lp/2yP-)$?$y++6y}?y}6$C )$
$W$!M%y++5+))=$+5+s+P4)+A$y=
%M )+ wC  |-B

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UCba=M.

107

) t ! ! $ ) ?!^ $s C:?!+S!+S

}}+%y6+@)

+}$

+)+w{C 

^y$4M $
@=)Ay=+)=y62++F +@
()X$ $
By)y-+6Bsy%ly)?+ly)M

}}+-y+@y$ 4 $ L+ +6 )t!~)4By)y)/s)}


?U2sy(4)+5$y++) y |1 S+P%-+( $@!
$
(!+$y}/++ ! +n$+$-y+6+n$F
} +$)+A$+
}


$+A$)%+)+Ay4@@$y5/$C

}}+$)+6$ $)y6) 2C$SU$!+n++6g(?@+-+$+


$n+!C$}@)w/$CtSB 
}}+$)+6$ $

$C7+@7+$+yZ/+!|B

}}+$)+6$6+)+!)M6}+$ 2$s! w/$CyB

}}+$)+6$$n$6+)$P}$nsMX/$C\S~C
++)$?$ $)y?+M}))$?+y6$+7@y+6+)M
Z /+!8~1-B
^ K t!Y+S}HK p+

}}+$)+6$

$)y-My /))$P$6@+w+6++Z|

$+)$P$-?%yy}M+}}6+)!-+6+B

$}) S)}CH B :B!h!RhgE&!t  e ZYK  e OY 6 : X  :<Y\UZYK e


X &}
$ ) &' 9 ): S) : !H U:7! ! Md @ #!M
[  tY !}*!t7$6 t!Y:+S7 M$) H D ss%!

}t

/y$@2yP)6%$L%)+M$uU/CC 

}}+M$M+$P$6+y!nBsy-1/U!$|

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!3 M.7U (

$n@y})sy!nBsy-1// !

{

}}+}$-$ %M2n$+-1// !8zS


! +St/t!) )
$ ! 4} }+)7$tHtH @M!#H$s
?
! !  D C&YZY  : ; Z YR: C Z YR: V C }!h)}+S+ !++SM

Ulm

W+ +)- )K)9_  t?Y@! ?g L% K6+)


S)! )  % H+Ss + @9+)l ) t!
GHLI JKAH
GHLI JKAH) S )   ! H$+ t4gEU0f}
a{  M v$>  lOGHLI JKAHn  !-Y+stH @=M8
O GHLI JKAH= :t  9
HBs $P
GHLI JKAH  @4 ) p6GHLI JK?H+
 HSt t @!M)+ )-  tL% %P7 }? ) M P+)6+* !
!)! ++!$?+)?t( 'HtH @+ =H 7 Y+S?$H!a  )$?? s
0f} ?a P M +PO GHLI JKAH     ~ GH*I JKAHA?a  A KwttP  !
 `
Hw $B
GHLI JKAH   )HKt!)! +4 p y$ C+  y+% z+
Kg + z% z C$C?
z & |
|<
~K)+ y+ ~+
yS |$<
z( !M
MA
tS y++M+
?z+*
~ " ~  z $$ ) ~ y)A
$S8 |+ t$ |$$ z$ 5 |$ +  |%L
z |$ ! z + |$% +
 ! $M y)y %}/SM$K)wtS ~ ? z ( ! y %  y+  |S? ~ A ztt +
~ \ z % ~ O
|$ +?
z ( y$ ~+  +u + z$ 
y)
)w y)( y%t )  |$
S& )( ~ t |%w z |$
~ $" %%/ y%I S
y+<
S+tt%I:$ ) ~t ~
+<
y$?
z$ |%% |:$ +& C%$% +C
y$C?
z 7 | 7 |%)
yZ |$8 +) 7 |$  z% +C
M
? z  |% A ~Sy$)  +M+ y$++t\ ~\ zMy) %s+$( y$ ~+? z g y+))( z
~ z+y $O |% 0 |% |%U $)+t$ t)x | S+$A !IK)I ) ( !+ |$+< y)+
|  |%)x |S* ~I( y%t ++ )y? ~ +%+< |%< |?~A y %x | |$* y+U  |+U CU z+y%) |+
 ) |<ySy$< y+%+%t |$ ! % | |$ M z+ |A~S? ~  ! ? z+0 |% x |$0 ~$ !* z+
|%s)0 |$( L |?z " %t) y)/S y g C z +) \ z$ yO|y+ yy$< !t  y%? ~
|%x ySy+ )x y?~ |$  ++%) y<$S y%S+I$< |))< |+< |%+A y))A yO|% y<y+A yM
y?z s+& ) !% |$ ~ +MA ~M)+ |% | $ |$O |M0 |?z+* )U< y$ + % y O |%
| 5 | |$7 |+ y%  : +7 | |$7 |?~ & |Az8 $8 ) HKC +Sp! +4 !Bg B!t
$6 t!Y+S7!n HHK+S K$PB %t  +) @  !
$s - + S )!^+)B @
 }) - H$s - +

Uj@m ) I  tp!$+Sp$) GHLI JKAH!+) X ) /+SH+)+!


 > ?Y ) K8:/@+)! )+(4g H$s +  IStK&!t
?) Y ? ))+S!Y+S!)+)})P?c!  Y tRE) !
$) } - ) 

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UCba=M.7U

107

QP<U8r,?r9rd9rdq``q
 `9 9 ?9Uq 9d U8r9
UUN9 Q r bU5r9  UU
x?r %ql
U m$})

2: K US)!nH )): S\EU)t wwCC!Mt {@SFE


)t!t H$)plSS X ) 7npC( ?  t!))
}
X s SK  $s  + M7ttpS ! H+K!Y+S
  t!MH n K!P)!n H+K!Y+S7 Y! 6 (C R!
$) % $B+HSM))+)('KCnnR>5 s M {tp
t+ )L:StP7K+)- p$)6  -! H)!+%
t7  t! @M6$)6!@L   +)6 ( ) }+6SH+" !
%$!I{ Y{ t
   
 
)  S  t
H})  t
 ) tM! Y S!a < F S  <  s 
FU$+  @
 + @7 !
 C Y  $)  @?   @ C$)p @ Y))  ) 
FH    H4t {  .  s $=})  U
 s Y!  !B  tW
f} = HKC+ A K )  A  + 6+
Mtt  *
 ) +    L
\U 
F )t):   7  D & ' <  `
Hp! 

 }tC! {t! t+ )pSt!MpK)+)  7 Y+"!


$)! )C{CP( Bt  SHK ++)- +t t!H ?++
+S) Cn )} :}tC)) ? t+ % :StCMH)C+:tC-wC*!
%$p!hSF E/)t  US t ) $)t?s B)7)7H a+"!
%$P$+@+7K() P+)6Ht!#K!P%! +) s 6<y+
)  +s S+S!+}) ) t +S:tC+SL:C (  )HS*!
M$)7Htt!#$)7  + @SF E+@p(PR >YtR E){C$@ 'S K+!
g > !!!H (@BsC:))+M
"6  }Y$)~F E! H (U H a$st)+!/!)) W +S!U5
< t@!h!hHMS\EB})tC@B$ S\ExS8! (CtC$ 2)7 S!
 < t( ) 6&' 6?HH)s 5 ) +) ??tt ?tt
S: M K!P)! YH+ 7 X$)$)aE!  K+)
+)!)!#$)p))7! S\ E )t} +6t%as $:))P$)6+
 @ @~
U! Y+S! )4YC:)@ 
%!  ) S @+
X& ' HK ))))? H ))t Y+ !) @ <
yt +
c})?@
?$)?t(})?KCP
%! P Y!@ +) (Y
) $)}!C Y S!a ! )/ P Y!4

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UC3& (

";< 6!++S6+)  )% L%tat Bs!P$) : K p )*!


t s+ K)tt! 3 +S7+SFEB)t M +K+ +)7H)tt!')*!
K!Y+S}+) - ) BKCP%!n})I:<y+s +s S+S}B  M
Y ?$)@H%t!cKC9)! t B :CH('K S @+St!Y+S@)K
!H $)7p!H( 'H7p!H( 'Hp%  ) tMp )6p!)7SHp!#  ) B
 + +StBSM
"C $})w!H( 'H}t( 'HBCK('Hw% - ) t +&!}I I: Y+S!!+)
)
=  t!B %)ts+  @UStKW v ) tB Y+S! 
H St t @!Cp *) 7$)7t7+7KtC }+)7 \E!#*) 
(E!nB!)}SH}!CY &HBt}+})I%t@)} )H}: W 6 6V ]
VO }tCC!H +)7$:+)Bn +M2!#H+)-})p @ !
t  tE)t 9!U +)C)! ))ZH+S!+S!+)! +%)t
$) %)6+)-})p6!I 5 tPH}!+ +! )HSt}+)
 MK)+tp )67 7+)XL C sK) +K+ +)!) :)M
$}@wSS))+}$B)t /t}+S))wS:))+} t
m t7 +SSp\$ )!n+)2tB
S(>Ms: W !))A HK8]:5t @ )t

M& !:)7)tS ? )t 2 K


t P KP:+SCt Y+S!
t!h$+C% %HtpSH+%$M t ( >Ms W !)) : K8]+)
 t! ?})? = :))+!5 = ))+4 +)+!/@t  t
a: S) )   )! ttt) Yt<
% \ ){ W C))tR E) 8 ]
) /+)}@} t } X  +St p X s +St7p ? H$s X +
5wp s!)%$p ?  ! ? 7  H+Ss  + 7@766Y@!M
g> p!%6@('HK$7 SHMs
   CK% ( s 7K ( H+" !
 +  %p)S  p)   H$s  + 7){
 B< +s  B< y+ - H$s - + B< y:+s 8  $pSK
X s SH X H+ ? + SH  %! !   S\ E}SH 
@ >SH :@-  SF E<
y+ +)! SF Ep)  )@7R >
)  }hR >7<
y:+s !Y+S!Y+S! 6 + +s S+S!MtH
- s +s S+S!! X H+ ? + +s S+S :! )C !C  SF E
+s S+S@} +s S+SM D tH # ? )L )tH  s
})  H+  + 6 )M!C )C !   SF E7})t+@p R >
}) P
 t X $t( 'H ? ) t  s t( 'H  ) B  H$s  +
t( 'H X ) tC  )C !SF E ) H (}g > )  @p8 
$)!) }MH%$pHK!C ) }pK ))/)@p) t !
U + })B ) t %! !)
Us ( > !M B% Z +" !
+g  +)? SF E-})t WSF E ) H W !)) )%a$)?

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba 

107

t! ) q(HK@ Y!PSFE})t SFE ) HR]tb +


) Os C)!n{ M)!gt:    < )!#S
{@t * H+ = + !c 2Y = s   
)!   ))! tt @7% ++SM D t {@? R>   SFE
:5 :$ R >  SF E s 8 :$R> H$s 4 + + SFE $s
+  +)t = ))+!+ P% Y @
T+s{ +)!?@ 7Y&!
t@L %-LS\ E t 6  S!? SHP? +S:t7!
Y+SC L +)!M tt-t @! +& !- t +:)+
 = ))+(4YS))+( +%$ W !))/+)4+& !5 t?SF E
t ?! @@R >ws!)%$!U4 )! SF E t R ]t ) ? )& !
!++S!C$)! $)//s {a K& !:)p))}H 7HH)s % = )%7 !
$ 

 D ! t It5~s84 ~)t +)4 +++S!Y+S4H ~


)H84 $p t ? ) t)3 H 9W C))M+) H d tY!Y+S +)
t @ ) }t('H MH%$ 6 Y!q]t ) K++ PMK)+t-+)
H ! Y4 <t! +)4 t v ) a ) H xys: + )B
})p 6 !@+})p%Pt<
)H\ ) W !))+RE)t C 5S)H85]} 4 
6 ! %W<
t +S( Y))
%H\ )t W !))BS)H8 5 ])
P Y!@ )HH) +
@!tt Y)) %  )?Y%  %
@  (pt +n )@ :7C% X $++ Bs! (
 @ $}) !:))7+)7t( 'H
<
 W !))MY F ]/ ? $$+ S
})/ P Y!@ t( 'H! %! !C M@BnR >9H C@C % p *
!
 ( !
H % tR E){WBsC:~!
 2@a% Wt)A
4 r
}) W !)) } @ +)! H!@ wC - BS)wSt)Y)) !
 @ @}+) Bs! Yt %  @ ]R:M+St!Y+S @
W !))}aHS)t8 ]?+Wt<
 ){W <
)
% \ ){C}@@) =)+%$=+
t  W !)) @Y+S:tC+S @ +)@t?$?S)H8 ?t
S)!gaHS)t M@B$) :77@  8 ]`
fBH 6 @7t 
S  g >? Y!( tH })} P Y!g7#R > SH !C
)>$> t>s 8 4 & 'Ss *
! >$= <
K Htt)ts n)
S- SH  :%t<
+ +t+ *
!S
_ KsK 5  +s !
S+SMs%+p!Ut.
'+ }C  8 :+! W +
} Y)}Htt)Ht #t)} 5 : W 6tt St8  p$L sK 

% %F >M){L 5  ]R: }+)d
 g t! )! +Stt 7C%PSH! +)
 g t! @   SH  
`km$})a )@ +SYt('H?MH%$tY$+ Y)@@@$@t
 t3! +K+ $)p){ = )%$7+ t }t('H7+S) :)6 = :))+
 t d
!) +&!t / !Y+S % }Y@B :B$tsK )+t

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UC3 

)%$}}<%HsS+)M D= :))+ t p K wC X ) /


 { BsC: , @ 5 s: Bs! 5 ++S? 5 H+Ss 5 +
$}) tt = )%$p a%H) :)!C+K - Y!h $ %)B!g
R>- )BKC9
)! $} g/ R>X )!} +St @):tC! +)!
%)}t ! SF E6})4+)-  E!+ D K :)pC: ) $)!+!
t} +S!K!P
%! )t?HKI{tC

0fBH

+)!% H)+7HK! ):M 7H ))B)7@7%


 t 7 U )6 ) t )! Y $! )) YKs (>Ms
W @}SHK5] g W ? Y!F])SFE2 ) SFE ) H 

g+)!U! +St? tU P t@) ~H%$WSHKW('K~)ta


H ))/ %)/SFE )t} ) H %! 7 )ta % d
HKp  Y Y!/ nR>?})BnR> ) t!+) C H!@M
H ))t Y+ ))!Y+ $) &'))!! Y! ) 
@ qS @ Y+SM D Ht@$)@+)!)! a%H)+(+)
@)t wC /+)4 @I +& ! 4 s!?! SF E t U%~@
$ ) })
   ws!  ?sC: SF E 5 ) 
% t E)t Wt<
)H\ )  H! ?P:+ $?})S)  @6 !
Y+S}% (w$ })})+ ?)+}$
sm$})P )t? +S:('KPMH%$t$+ ?)?@?)7 7!
t +K+ +)B){wS:))+}+ t /t}+S))wS:))+ t C
$& !tt) !Y+S!%% ?Y@ :$tsK tYt&!
!)!W
F$})!#$)BtBs M&!y)7) ? )t } 6: KM  6: K
 $})6 t! }#R> )} = )%$! L = )%$7 +%$!  t
a: S) ) ~ S: $ t  )!ct ) tRE){ r = +
@}R > t }C@)  s H$s - + D wC)%$p ? {C
s:  4 H+Ss 4 + -@??Y@!+ > S ?@('HK+!:
= %   tH #  s M6tH g  H+Ss  +   7)S 7 !
- s )  X H+ ? + })  &  $}<
y:+s ? s:
<
 +s @ H$s ( + 7<
 +s )! C+  SF Ep<
 +s +)!
SF E){ }@@ R >>)S = R >v:<
y+s !Y:+S!Y+S!
W= B +s S+S!/H A s +s S+S@ A H+:s A +
+s S+S :!C )! CM  SF E +s S+S+( R > +s S+SM D  !
H @ X ))t { 4 ?})6 5 H+ W + })8 : !
)! C  SF E2 )tC(/hR >- ) = + ++ 6 + ) t

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!ba cd

107

- s )  $s - + ) t +S)   SFE ) K


@6c> ) r}tCtH c ) aH%$YHKYH ))!
S: ! @}> t !$)} )/ ) Ct {@% pHKC +!
g l )/} )  $$p) Os C)!n{ !)! t"!
: ? s: ! ? {C s C)!n  M@Bt 5 H+Ss ? +
! A }@ U s U)!S B@Yt @% ++SM
D tH @ hR >   S\ E 8 :CnR > C SF E 5 :n > H+" !
4 + + S\ E H+Ss + )tPS))+- Y@ 7Y& !
tM(2 :+St!Y+S :C!}7 +)}+St!Y+S  % s
 (C+)6- +%$6 = :))+X = S))+- +)+-+)-+t
 t)M
HK7 Pt!  +S? )H = S))+? +%$?+
})4} 7t?tC)!( s 6 :-aK %s )tt)A4  (
})7 Y)) +)?t?!@?)H84 t7K!P)!(+)
+SSC H)+:t $+ B )U}% ( %2 C +K+ +)
t6+S))6 H+K!Y+S )( ) ++S%?@!+ + )
HK}+) HK $})as8 4 6 Y #!+g 4  H?S+K5 4h 27
 ( % M++S   M $% K L HK $7 SZ y7 !
HA
C 
4 - +)+ ) : ? ) Btta Y))   @ ) $
$p M+)7  ) B$7SH+%$! 6t %L!H!!W ! 6)
:d
 Bs! 7)@ +Bs! $ 5wC +6SH+:)+! 6)@ +
 *
5{C$@6 S!a W+H+*
! 6$t6)@ -H :*
!t 
!
 @ $})Yt
@ wC t  @ +)tYC(@wC
+S)$7 {tL%  s +- )  P
$ ) +p :+)7)H& !
+t!  +S? )H( )H8 4  +S)) )H )(
@SH  $  K $) !^ K $})as8 4 / /$)pt
 @ M +)HK7$) !#HK +7 " !
t!)! )K ws! 
 8 4 C+K )} :s) )CK)+Ss
 )@ @SK
$% K L$) !#HK +6)a5 4  )CK)+S7p 
$)B)H+t!h)tp +S

`m

$}) )3
 H  % )2 6 !@M})U){pt<)H\)t p ?  M 6 Y!
% @<%H\)t @)4@!Ut Y))  s }) %
  6 !
Y!( )HH) +}@{@ t }$}h )@ &MC% X 
 @
$) wC !Y +) -  ++ s
}  K!

2!MsMM2p2MKt>H!tUtM!3 M.U (
O

$})?t 

@   / + !cwC )!c :@a: S)


@?+H 'K !! :)M$! r @ ws!  ta: 
 @ ws! + $HK !HK $ Z 84 ? +2 t
HK}SHC+S! )CH)+S2/ /$)}}t!)!h +S

 P
 t@ t A ) Pt) : s $5 )Ut('H5 ) P Y!@
)! Y  /@? R>% : :/4(Y+S:tC+S@~
s + @ t M ) H++ )tH Y @? 5! 
Y!@!H l )/ P Y!^}hR>@H 
P Y! ) t t!)) ( +S!  t('H!
9m$}) })6
:@}@7R> t CMp:+St!Y+S7@!tH # 6 (P
 @CE&!t7t CY+S) Y+sK} }+) :7 ttM+)i  )
   :7$)  %w2 2 X $ ? C} )} C ?   :6+)
 }HK -  -   K}*)  :p$)  %w2 x t!n))B! 
@  :n$)A) :~@ A +:l+)=})@ q5)~SH  :w+)
H+):p$)p* ) :pF E!S! p!)7SH  :6tH 2 +S!M+) Bs!
 @  ) 4P$)! $) 6 +S  t+K7 ! s
_PHsK
$=})  Ft( 'HCB +s S+SM Y+sK +St@ 4+),
 tA @
 @ MB$:
 )))%+S!Y+S+A t)B%  tp )H ? @Bs! 9
)CS yCg+)6})} @CK+ t L$+ tR E) ! +
HKwS:))+ :!}+)}tt )/ - ) 

m D t8  +7t} } )K @ ) }K! tL% L% Y L8


%<+s%L H+)  )%H s D ss)t!  Y}   ++)-@ 
!H( 'HS )HsS+% ) ? ) /  n)7+S t!p) 7ttp + t
)S Y tw!H( 'H}}+)}t}+S)+sM% F^ H)!  !p+
+)!)!h ++St2p tU$)pK ))8 4 X ) / +Sp )
)pSHtM H t ))) B$)p ? (H ))  )
Y+S!}+)!h  H ))} )?s  H$) ?
% ? )  tH ))t Y+  ) C /}) 
!5 S8 } g+)
}HS( 'H!# ( ) } ( ) }) Y( ) Y  )H
! $ $
$!}))$! $/Byqa%)!} wMBF9@
/2n wM+g+)y:%
BK!P)!( Y

2!MstMpBBMtKt>K!UCba=M.(
O
`

107

y%@$)!9@2y$4McBA wM!$B )>A$+!+


wM}Mw+(  $q/@$)39@}B)!7Y()sy
%y U +?9)+$U+!MC7y+W +! $@)+
/@$)6n9+)$+/Mg +)% g y)( ~ $y$4M +s+
|

 $}) H  S)7 : !H +S}  tC7t8 7+)!Mtd tt


!H +SC S pH H+ & #s +g  )%L  t
H!sg !M+SBt  (E){L B<H }# 6 (E) 7 })
Y!nHKp  C+SH  <H U: Mtpt  tCH
+S  B  H ! <K HHK 7+7t)} 54h }!!#t
) S M tHK + +2 B<
K 
 ++S CY+SL++s 
% +g  4  ++)X t
 H!sg  D A
>p: ++)  t) t!
Y!h $ptsa:  ) Ct +t( 'HM W %H7tt6t)+ CM( 'KC
!
W  C X [! C [ V C [ e !
t- p$)  tPtsKp %t9
 5 M<
H
V 6 ]BKCP
%!h 6 A
T)t+ H +g   : W  VOC ! e& e86 e8; ]t
<@ <
r
U
d
r `
`m^ D ss%!$?>pt}+ts  HK )@M!H('H9 : K!++)-HKt
!gy @M$)76 t!M6?>}K!# A4 p <K +)+)!7!
$) X:CH( 'KC
 tCcH!+Zy: P% 9 P% K  ) $t < )
HHSg   }){
)HK  t {@M+ }$) +g  < %S 7
s
C+l) 6-}+@-) Xy+KU$}wU@!?U@!s
5y-/ t+$W!By$@+ +$ )$44++$+y + )
@ $)+4$l
+P$+?4MF $$I$@W)+)$Y!@+
@) C)+@w7(y)MA
+%+`
+P6 M6+@+ +-+)
sy$ = !!-+W%@/ /?}(y$ A!/
+6 X+!! +-t@ +@y+=y++=)Ay) /} $BM$
) wy+2 2$ !KW)!@!Ut/ +t/)$ 
$P++$!2M!$1 // ! K0 |$ 
    B) ` wSH  +)}:BC?$ 2+) )S Y 7
% Y PSHtPtt!@) t?+S)+?  AHStIK F S

2!MstpM2p2MtH t>K!t/MtM!3M.(
< (
O
$)H? +S? : -)@  )
!c@ aSH Y %H(Y+
 +sS!c)t /@?(+S)+4@~ !H('H4 
))  $ sS
@} B!H( 'H} Y)) S)t

 fBH $)p@}CK( 'Hp!nn +S Y)) K+ ?  $sS)$*!


S)t B +} :) K)t)B) - ) +) HK Y))
P
Y  C Y+SB%H KpB%tC+)n p@
~SHt~{C #C: : W H .~&S9~<~: +S @)HR]HB)
$- +!ct6+S) ? ACHs ?)! @YSHt
 +sK)p /)t   Y)) H$sS)t6+S)+ Y))  )+67 !
$sKC & ' } }H+:s  ) Y)) S) % +S)+ Y)) !
$)}B $sKCl)t 3
$ )B!H( 'HBS) H H+S!Y+S})HK)t)+
)) H$sS C+)+ !H( 'Hp #!Htp Y)) S) 
t  $ HSt 6 A
T)t+ H +g   :  @U$C+S7 HSt
}td
 +)8 4
Ulm  l
F%$ +KCMH)!  6+S)$PtP L!H('H6++ _
+
SS ) : +  !H +t) 7)7)PSS+X ) :
+SS7)LH%$P!)+6 M! $ +S LS6t +t+
) U
 % d
S%$})`
^ BH)!  t}+S)+}CK('Hp++ _
+SSC)t}  
6
y+$$+q@q$@3UM3 )+$AU+q++?u/UC
sMt
!+ :C

( B +M}!y7+F M!?4WM)M%@4%+) C)+ (+


y }( y+!! $+!7//M-+s $!)A ?gBsy-
$ @yM!%sy @My)@7?)$)+7+$+$Y+y9+ )
@ $)+4$~W$?U$y?$l
+PM2 t!A
z4 KA)W@@
2sy)!
$)P% 9F^ s  9 H   t+S)+XX:CH('KCtH )
s L
W t7+S)$  )  D M!H('H7l^ s 7+) +)2H%
) t!@ H  $) =H)MB$ ) X ) /('K7$+S) )
H5S    }C:++S! /t} gd\^ s! H   K+ 

2=B$
^

Ujsm$}) . H)!  C  M CMt7+S))6p!H('H7++ 7


+S"!
!Mpt8 +)  SKt7+l!M7 ! +StpS!MC = ! a+

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!ba M.


107

C{ sKtS8{C!t@s Z -!H ( +s Bs! P:


K!P)! SFEdHK7 C%t)6 - )s @ )
SH P+! 6 aH)! +)7 ` H)!  PH!+Z )?P!H('H
$+ +s ?%{%K!P)!( a:CH('KY++ _Y +S! +
%Hts p +S:pptU
S8 }tC)) p +SS  :UK!P)!@C K+)
) ?HS4! H):!~)H 9!tS!a+ !U!t!+)!}s
 Z  A   @ D ! t I% ,
t)+  U  t!U!t
t+ H+S }=H!+Z y%>= +S: : H (w%
S%$=+K  p
+SS %pBs!
f K)+B) ++S}  ) o1

 $})%H)!  H!+Zy:+) !H('H>$+ _> +S!pAC:++S


K!P)!3 +StItC)/  Mt! ) /tC++S H)
y% -$ W$$ )+(Y)$!7/ ?+=$@$ %
)$6@} )!y+!C%y $B)-P+* @-+g2)+
6Y$Y)++@+@ 1+6/+$~$ !2y+@6)+ L !
+-y+
 +6y+MM!(y+?u w  A+$@+y!+/
$ )@-)  +-5 ~$ U<F $))+ Xv 6+(
4+)+@y@)4@$@+
UF<B)-+ )$+@4)))
(+W$@y
+6 ! UF<q)( )+$+ A
/@y+y
 W++>M}=y$~) $$~@! +?c }
%+ LU+ A+$@++$I% +7+$+$ tp%4s
$M+U
U<F}6yY 7++(++
++$2U+$+$+)++!
y$ H B ~ S y+ tS 

tK7 !t! !n tt7+sS+ M M+  ) B7$7@7 p!H('H


$)7+7tU)HK)t)p M tL pCK('H77+)6t6+S)+7 `&!
H)!  7+*
S LC(%L } Y6 +)-  6+7GHLI JKAH
$ :Ct  !LK!P
)!@6+)
tt9@ 9+ KCY+ 3@ +
GHLI JKAH}h $!@}H! p@ +})  % $GHLI JK?H !t)!C
$)@tt@!@%
%$@) ) %C/ +tK  ) ? K#C%Hth

o1 }
$ )P% 9 t)+    t!?H!+Z )Y +S?)M!H('H??)
s M('H&!4 D K  HSB ;  ;C  [ ;<6 6 Y V ;<; [ 
/
;; [ 6 r$})a%  SK %@%$  @H!+Zy:)44 +SY% @+}t@
+S $A 7!H('H!  ; [ 6 ;;<;Ae ;<;Ae&X $}) 6+ 7tt+K!_
SKp)pt)+' + C(Z+:+!~ :I% SKp6S KR!t7)6 +SSC
 ;<; [  ;<; [ 6 $ )6}:)+} B  } ~ K)Ht+K p$*!
l&'   } )
 H} :/ +S 6 Y V Z+ $!~

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!3M.(
U 

 $pt/+S) :)7 H)!n+sK)}) A'S)+)B$) X )
 Y)) M 6tL K Y+S +StS :+tPt-@ Pt
C@) @! $P !@)Y /UCUty fB+KCP%!
H R |" z+ +! |Sy% !  ~ gyA~7y%

"6 

%

+StBt!!@!

} +?+ )?$7+@)@y C)$+4M)


-M-+y !&6%)M?Rv %sy)!y)+@y U! +
$
2~))!2~$!$$d$ %  Rv)sy$+)?-U@
 %)+%U$ +5R v %sy $MN
+)@}5U>
%)MpHBy$6+M-p-$!wU y$+*
+yM!)$ +$
(){gy+66@y}+v)+6+$++$g   B ~7S t z  M

= C9)!

)ttP$sS+ tLS K6 M+ 4 ) p-)P!H('H$)+


tB)HK)t%L M 6 7)HK) %P +)+)6HK !#&!
H)!@$@ +) +)HK! t+{ ) t tP!H('H*!
S))B
 H)!  $)ptt #M+sK8 4 ? ) tC&' tt 
! M +K W  H+: HKt ')+  )$Y t (
D ++KCP
%!ht} g %p(p@)t}+) // )s I C+) ? ) U
$S  W( PSHt! ) +)- +S))7 6&!
Y:+SBKCP
%!ht} g 2+)} td
H):! 

";<

+StBt!!@!

%

u +6/y$)+Uy+)y!y-+?y$}M+A wY+)A yM- s


$M?+(y=)$@yA+)@$+++?+$+$M % +
)$Y$y @@% $P)$@4+) )+))@+
$)U%+$}+ wx
w$y)SyM ty)Sy w $ %W6H
/ -)+77)@MKU$) +!7%-B@
H8 7 +! +
)M}s )MR U<F +$) U ) @
$)
%=$ H \ S+ ~  zC
= C9)!

)ttP$sS+ tLS K6 M+ 4 ) p-)P!H('H$)+


tB)HK)t%L M ) B: H)!  +$) 4 ) pH aA_
$2 !t@@ )tH)) )) +S)+&! (:CH('K:3
 H)!(t)+}$}+%$  CB!H('H}++ +SS )K  ) 

"C

%M

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!ba M.
U

107

u+
% +w s+?+}+$ )%%yM+6y+??++ w s++
$ %4?!+UH+!!)?@!?+Ls)+y@@) @){
F6
%$y)!a
$M6 )!M   %!y+%!
)y+@
Rv )y+?
$ 6 8) s)$86
+ +M!/ ) (P2/ L+
$y+M2 %/ M2+Xy+y)$
| (%y t! %
!Y+S!Y+S!+ S K&!t6 ( ) }6)7!H('H+)6M!A) !+ %H?
$ U+SMtt +$) ) tAH!t! &! H t '  *#M+Kt

' T<$s  S! &' ! $+Kt  67+*% B Y7p +
$B  U%wSKt 

VO

H )
ptc)tl3<F<2yNtp+y?(y>$@$+Mp)) !)+
$U+ ) %%7$)sy+$)/P$ $+$7$d$+<%! )s
$+M$ y<ysy+?~C

+ $!
! P
s)%MMU!MM+)+?+/)$U$?y$++}U+?)s
$+ )@p%y=+q%) U@ !yW@+)?+6+
z:M

2@!++S+)p U
K)!  %t7+S)+pK!P%! p
!H('H! ( 8+)
 ?t ?HHK) %a
?Zy%X% 5 ) t@P X
H)! t)

')$)
e5 ) N
K)!  t W+S)$=~!H('HWC:))= F ) YK!P)!
t!)/tC++S /$+

p
t )UU<\<7
 +y+!U$?$ 7$)sy$!+)@!+
$ %4Y^+$@+$$ %@+$+9+l +$+!~9
( y}$ UF<q/
!M$+y$C} y}$P+++$+SZ+| % y |

!
+
By$P)+! +/B 8U<\<BMMt+P } $p$)sy
 $ @y?+4+$++M+l+ ) ~$+$+!7)
$y@) $!6) $M6@y6$++@@My)M6)

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!3M.(
. (

y!M/%$A!sy!9+ )
%$+$$ !8|My% 

U(+)+@%++A

)

$!4)A A)>$
3<F<n5U4)$@y
1w!7+y +7?@+)y7+p+7?y$y6+

$ % @++(++?+y$ y+M L+syM//+~4$$



+%=$ H  ys$5 |
9 +!
g+Mw)}( y+Y$UUF<=Y+y)$?)
)M(+M7( y}t/ +6+7+?%(@+)y)+$6~)%)
?+.
UF<BM$
$ %4U+?MU@!?!)?!s
)6$ +-+
+ ) +s9  y-M

4
+
$!6y6/ +$@++l
+ ) L
-9y )?$U
3<F<wI +
y $ }})$B+))++)g)@+.UF<B$)
%4 7)$?+)$+$?@)xwMH@$+?$p @$ +
+ $ $CR | 

)

" -+-U$@+)4$++-+-) t %My 6(++$ }y -$+M


+l+ )( $)s0$)@y+ )s %y)MA$% $P)$a
%t U$+$ +?y+ ?)$~$W@++ +()(y+ X
$ 2$ 2)+7$6++)+++g  8 ~|s% 
} +KCP%
 !@)! +St6t!) H  +y : %| |+ Z| % ~<~ Sty)
/$CCZ|$~M+z Iy +$t$$M%{|7y%%%){C /|$1+~

X<

) `
H):!  )t t!) +S)$&!t-L!H('H!++)-+! t
)HK)t)p)  ) B7$)pKC9)! S!gH )HK)t)Ms^7 tpS K7)
K)! PSH +9!5+sK)P% ')$)Mt $t}CH
K!P
)!c) t!)I {t! )$@t@ g(+ 4+)4HK +S:t7!
d
$S ! %
Y+S%H :)!?$)?S a$HSH+)M
 ! +C  ~ " ~
!y!7u ) C!yC z wtw |$!yC - |0 zwB( y%- y ~+
{$WIy+
z w +  M

2!MstMM2p2MtHt>K!t/MtM!ba M.
U

107

! yU+/4*"zY+/ S+I z+ "~+S) ~ w+B 4U |SyAz$ )


|| |$8|<!8|Az$O{$CC z gyyy)+ s% y%% |:%)0|% Y+s + S I:)MH

U m Bg8!t} / / )s I  h ?}@ wSKt  !!n!+%


 $)P54 P %X-   )) +)@ t@+S)+ +St@ :
t +)!Y a:CH(K' @ ta)HK)t)a% = ) -t@@@ 
+SSC!+) C# H 7p!H(H' p)K++SM D 5 $7 S2#C: :
$)! t  tt!  t{PH+
 %   s +g @ :))6  t
H!sg L+S}t p (E )t 7 < H )K{L )
 K6p (E ) 6
 7t tP tt))@+SP% q @ A ) t %t@)
B%t  p
^ ! ' 7) @)!+6 $)+)6tL sK!#t
) 6 Y+S! Nh
 H ))!c W )FM> % })? @)YSHt
W C:+4 (C V Y(t]
^ (H%$!It4Y@@ +Sq %%W+SY
{t!M@B !H(H' !C Y+s S!? + }+7tp)HK)t54 R!
*! !
+ s +{CM7 +S M$ M! ss: {CC /t t7 +S"!
7  $6B!HKP  M @L:CH(K' P E  tP$ +St

@ $)} % ))ts+ $}t H{ }t +SM



/ / /+)}t!h)HS AT)t+  !h!t HK!


})U}( R> t RE)t C } - ) 

s

%p tSsS)t +KwStK}A) } Y+SM

B )) t}<5') <H U Zy:   @


s
8p(L +S L B wY $pS+K54h}! )as:) 8p+&!
d
!Y+Sp% T+s @7+{M+)d pZ# 7KA7:M }tt- K *!
`
U++   tB tt 6 Ys *')Hg4})S)!#
Y+SM
s$

}a)S )d+:t {@a)S ) {tM

 w#  HA H!  ) !@ U K$


$
 K!H ! +) }t<YSBt $)}!  tH)K+K)
B!H('H! {35t p(_  t

D a)+K84 Y
!
s 
6
?C(C) tp$)P }H t
+S)%p}H!at I%
 
/
Y %w%+s(E){

B!:tMMBBMtKAH!tUtMC3M.
 (

HK6 6 :6 )Ht+S ?T)t+ r^  - )%a!HK
6tC++S)+)?tt +P(Uy+W%+y$A+P%y)=$$+A+6)y)
$a$+$).7@B +-$)6))M$ 

You might also like