RDBMS Lab

ARAKKONAM ARTS & SCIENCE
COLLEGE
Arakkonam 631 003.
Department of Computer
Science
Practical Record
Name
:. Reg.No:...
Course :. Year: .
Subject : ..
Arakkonam Arts & Science

College
Arakkonam 631 003.
Department of Computer
Science
Practical Record
Register No._________________
This
is
to
certify
the
Bonafide
Record
of
work
done
by___________________________________________
B.SC (C.S). I / II / III year (semester I / II / III / IV / V / VI) in the Computer Laboratory of
Arakkonam Arts and Science College, during the academic year 2016 2017.
Head of the Department

Lecturer-in-charge
Submitted
for
the
Practical
Examination
held
on
_______________ at Arakkonam Arts and Science College,

Arakkonam.
RDBMS LAB
INDEX
S.NO
DATE
PROGRAMS
Table creation and simple queries
Constraints(Primary key, foreign key, Not

Null, Referential integrity)
Joins(left, right and equi joins)
Sub queries.
Built-in functions(Date & time,

mathematical functions)
Procedures
Functions
Functions with exception handling

capability
Cursors
10
Triggers
PAGE
NO
SIGNATURE
EX.NO : 1
AIM
: Table creation and simple queries
DATE :
TABLE CREATION:
SQL> create table client(no number(5) primary key, name varchar2(9),address varchar2(10),city
varchar(10), state varchar(10),pincode number(6),remarks varchar(8),bal_due number(5));
Table created.
SQL> desc client;
Name
Null?
Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------NO
NOT NULL NUMBER(5)
NAME
VARCHAR2(9)
ADDRESS
VARCHAR2(10)
CITY
VARCHAR2(10)
STATE
VARCHAR2(10)
PINCODE
NUMBER(6)
REMARKS
VARCHAR2(8)
BAL_DUE
NUMBER(5)
INSERTION:
SQL> insert into client values(1,'lokesh','anna nagar','chennai','tamilnadu',623000,'good',6000);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into client values(2,'raja','kk nagar','chennai','tamilnadu',631000,'good',2500);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into client values(3,'subash','adyar','delhi','tamilnadu',34100,'good',4000);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into client values(4,'kumar','porur','delhi','tamilnadu',631209,'good',7900);

1 row created.
SQL> select * from client;
NO
NAME ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
PINCODE REMARKS BAL_DUE
_______________________________________________________________________
1
lokesh
anna nagar
chennai tamilnadu
623000
good
6000
raja
kk nagar
chennai
tamilnadu
631000
good
2500
subash
adyar
delhi
tamilnadu
634100
good
4000
kumar
porur
delhi
tamilnadu
631209
good
7900
SQL> alter table client add(doorno number(3));

Table altered.
SQL> update client set doorno=57 where no=1;
1 row updated.
1 row updated.
1 row updated.
1 row updated.
SQL> delete from client where no=3;

1 row deleted.
SQL>select * from client;

NO NAME ADDRES CITY STATE PINCODE REMARKS BAL_DUE DOORON
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
lokesh
annanagar chennai tamilnadu 623000
good
6000
57
raja
kk nagar
chennai tamilnadu 631000
good
2500
723
kumar
porur
delhi
good
7900
55
tamilnadu 631209
EX.NO : 2
AIM
: Constraints (Primary key, foreign key, Not Null, Referential integrity).
DATE :
PRIMARY KEY
SQL> create table prim(no number,name varchar2(10),dept varchar(10),primary key(no));
Table created.
SQL> insert into prim values (101,lokesh,Hr);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into prim values (102,'raja','operator');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into prim values (102,'subash','clerk');
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SCOTT.SYS_C003022) violated
SQL> select *from pri7;
NO NAME
DEPT
-------------------------------101
lokesh
102
raja
Hr
operator
FOREIGN KEY
SQL> create table foreign(no number(5),name varchar(10),dept varchar(10),foreign key(no)
references pri);
Table created.
SQL> insert into foreign values(101,'naresh','clerk');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into foreign values(102,'ajith','operater');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into foreign values(103,'sai','hr');
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02291: integrity constraint (SCOTT.SYS_C003023) violated - parent key not
SQL> select *from foreign;
NO NAME DEPT
-----------------------------101
naresh
hr
102
ajith
operater
NOT NULL CONSTRAINTS

SQL> create table empty(id number, name varchar2(20),dept varchar2(12));
Table created.
SQL> insert into empty values(&no,'&name','&dept');
Enter value for no: 101
Enter value for name: vijayakumar
Enter value for dept: clerk
old 1: insert into empty values(&no,'&name','&dept')
new 1: insert into empty values(101,'vijayakumar','clerk')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for name: null
Enter value for dept: maths
old 1: insert into empty values(&no,'&name','&dept')
new 1: insert into empty values(102,'sai','maths')
1 row created.
SQL> select *from empty;
ID
NAME
DEPT
-------------------------------101
vijayakumar clerk
102
null
1 row created.
maths
EX.NO : 3
AIM
: Joins (left,right and equi joins)
DATE :
SQL> create table std6 (sno number, sname varchar(20),sage number);

Table created.
SQL> insert into std6 values(&sno,'&sname',&sage);
Enter value for sno: 10
Enter value for sname: Ajith
Enter value for sage: 40
old 1: insert into std6 values(&sno,'&sname',&sage)
new 1: insert into std6 values(10,'Ajith',40)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for sname: dass
new 1: insert into std6 values(11,'dass',40)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for sname: Tamilselvan
new 1: insert into std6 values(12,'Tamilselvan',21)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for sname: yamuna
new 1: insert into std6 values(13,'yamuna',17)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for sname: keerthana
new 1: insert into std6 values(15,'keerthana',19)
1 row created.
SQL> select * from std6;

SNO
SNAME
SAGE
-----
----------
----------
10
Ajith
40
11
dass
40
12
Tamilselvan
21
13
yamuna
17
15
keerthana
19
SQL> create table em5(eno number,ename varchar(10),ejob varchar(10));

Table created.
SQL> insert into em5 values(&eno,'&ename','&ejob');
Enter value for eno: 10
Enter value for ename: Abinaya
Enter value for ejob: clerk
old 1: insert into em5 values(&eno,'&ename','&ejob')
new 1: insert into em5 values(10,'Abinaya','clerk')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for ename: Sona
Enter value for ejob: IAS
new 1: insert into em5 values(11,'Sona','IAS')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for ename: Divya
Enter value for ejob: electric
old
1: insert into em5 values(&eno,'&ename','&ejob')
new 1: insert into em5 values(12,'Divya','eletric')

1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for ename: Nandhini
Enter value for ejob: safty
new 1: insert into em5 values(13,'Nandhini','safety')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for ename: vasanth
Enter value for ejob: manager
new 1: insert into em5 values(14,'vasanth','manager')
1 row created.
SQL> select * from em5;
ENO
ENAME
EJOB
----------
------------
----------
10
Abinaya
clerk
11
Sona
IAS
12
Divya
electric
13
Nandhini
electric
14
vasanth
manager
LEFT OUTER JOIN

SQL> select eno,ename,ejob,sname,sage from em5 e left outer join std6 s on(e.eno=s.sno);
ENO ENAME
SNAME
SAGE
----------
----------
----------
10 Abinaya
clerk
Ajith
40
11 Sona
IAS
dass
40
12
Divya
electric
Tamilselvan
21
13
Nandhini
electric
yamuna
17
14
vasanth
manager
----
----------
EJOB
RIGHT OUTER JOIN

SQL> select eno,ename,ejob,sname,sage from em5 e right outer join std6 s on(e.eno=s.sno);
ENO ENAME
EJOB
SNAME
SAGE
----------
----------
----------
----------
10
Abinaya
clerk
Ajith
40
11
Sona
IAS
dass
40
12
Divya
electric
Tamilselvan
21
13
Nandhini
electric
yamuna
17
keerthana
19
----------
FULL OUTER JOIN

SQL> select eno,ename,ejob,sname,sage from em5 e full outer join std6 s on(e.eno=s.sno);
ENO ENAME
----------
----------
EJOB
SNAME
SAGE
----------
----------
----------
10
Abinaya
clerk
Ajith
40
11
Sona
IAS
dass
40
12
Divya
electric
Tamilselvan
21
13
Nandhini
electric
yamuna
17
14
vasanth
manager
keerthana
19
6 rows selected.
EQUI JOIN
SQL> select eno, ename, ejob, sname, sage from std6 s,em5 e where s.sno=e.eno;
ENO
ENAME
---------- ------------
EJOB
SNAME
---------- ------------
SAGE
----------
10
Abinaya
clerk
Ajith
40
11
Sona
IAS
dass
40
12
Divya
electric
Tamilselvan
21
13
Nandhini
electric
EX.NO : 4
AIM
: Sub queries
DATE :
GROUP FUNCTION
SQL> create table class(id number,name varchar(20),m1 number,m2 number,total number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into class values(&id,'&name',&m1,&m2,&total);
Enter value for id: 1001
Enter value for name: vivek
Enter value for m1: 60
Enter value for total: 110
old 1: insert into class values(&id,'&name',&m1,&m2,&total)
new 1: insert into class values(1001,'vivek',60,50,110)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for name: narendhar
new 1: insert into class values(1002,'narendhar',80,60,140)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for name: sasi
new 1: insert into class values(1003,'sasi',80,90,170)

1 row created.
SQL> select*from class;

ID
NAME
---------- ----------
M1
M2
---------
----------
TOTAL
----------
1001
vivek
60
50
110
1002
narendhar
80
60
140
1003
sasi
80
90
170
SQL> select avg(m1)from class;

AVG(M1)
---------73.3333333
SQL> select min(m2)from class;
MIN(M2)
---------50
SQL> select sum(m1*m2)from class;
SUM(M1*M2)
---------15000
SQL> select count(*)from class;
COUNT(*)
---------3
SQL> select count(distinct m2)from class;
COUNT(DISTINCTM2)
---------------3
GROUPING BY CLAUSE
SQL> select name,max(total)from class group by name;
NAME
----------
MAX (TOTAL)
-----------------
narendhar
140
sasi
170
vivek
110
SQL> select name,stddev(m2)from class group by name;

NAME
----------
STDDEV (M2)
--------------------
narendhar
sasi
vivek
SQL> select name,variance(m2)from class group by name;

NAME
VARIANCE (M2)
----------
------------------------
narendhar
sasi
vivek
SQL> select name,max(total)from class group by name having name not in('sasi');
NAME
MAX (TOTAL)
-------------- ------------------narendhar
140
vivek
110
EX.NO : 5
AIM
: Built-in functions (Date & time, mathematical functions)
DATE :
MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS:
SQL> select sin(60) from dual;
SIN(60)
----------.30481062
SQL> select cos(30) from dual;
COS(30)
---------.15425145
SQL> select tan(270) from dual
TAN(270)
----------.17883906
SQL> select exp(15) from dual;
EXP(15)
---------3269017.37
SQL> select power(5,5) from dual;
POWER(5,5)
---------3125
SQL> select abs(-75) from dual;
ABS(-75)
---------75
SQL> select ceil(25.9) from dual;
CEIL(25.9)
---------26
SQL> select floor(35.3) from dual;

FLOOR(35.3)
----------35
SQL> select round(17.1572,3) from dual;
ROUND(17.1572,3)
---------------17.157
SQL> select sqrt (3125) from dual;
SQRT(3125)
---------55.9016994
SQL> select sign(-100) from dual;
SIGN(-100)
----------1
SQL> select ascii('f') from dual;
ASCII('F')
---------102
---------SQL> select chr(89) from dual;
C
Y
DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS:
DATE FUNCTIONS:
SQL> create table s35(sno number,name varchar2(30),dob date,doj date);
Table created.
SQL> insert into s35 values(&sno,'&name','&dob','&doj');
Enter value for name: subash
Enter value for dob: 27_jul_97
Enter value for doj: 09_jan_12

old 1: insert into s35 values(&sno,'&name','&dob','&doj')
new 1: insert into s35 values(101,'subash','27_jul_97','09_jan_12')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for name: naresh
Enter value for dob: 13_jun_97
Enter value for doj: 12_mar_14
new 1: insert into s35 values(102,'naresh','13_jun_97','12_mar_14')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for name: vani
Enter value for doj: 13_jun_19
new 1: insert into s35 values(103,'vani','09_jun_95','13_jun_19')
1 row created.
SQL> select*from s35;

SNO NAME
DOB
DOJ
--------------------------------------------------------------101 subash
27-JUL-97 09-JAN-12
102 naresh
13-JUN-97 12-MAR-14
103 vani
09-JUN-97 13-JUN-19
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select dob,add_months(dob,3) from s35;

DOB
ADD_MONTH
--------- -------------------05-JUL-97 05-OCT-97

13-JUN-97 13-SEP-97
09-JUN-97 09-SEP-97
SQL> select dob,last_day(dob) from s35;

DOB
LAST_DAY(
--------- -------------------27-JUL-97 31-JUL-97

13-JUN-97 30-JUN-97
09-JUN-97 30-JUN-97
SQL> select months_between(dob,doj) from s35;
MONTHS_BETWEEN(DOB,DOJ)
------------------------------49.8709677
27.0322581
11.8709677
SQL> select round( months_between(dob,doj)) from s35;
ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(DOB,DOJ))
----------------------------------------50
27
12
SQL> select dob,round(dob,'month') from s35;
DOB
ROUND(DOB
--------- ------------------27-JUL-97 01-JUL-97

13-JUN-97 01-JUN-97
09-JUN-97 01-JUN-97
SQL> select dob,round(dob,'year') from s35;

DOB
ROUND(DOB
-------- ------------------------27-JUL-97
01-JAN-97
13-JUN-97
01-JAN-97
09-JUN-97
01-JAN-97
SQL> select round(dob,'day') from s35;

ROUND(DOB
--------------27-JUL-97
16-JUN-97
11-JUN-97
SQL> select dob, round(dob,'day') from s35;
DOB
ROUND(DOB
--------- --------------------27-JUL-97 27-JUL-97

13-JUN-97 16-JUN-97
09-JUN-97 11-JUN-97
SQL> select next_day(sysdate,'saturday') from dual;
NEXT_DAY(
-------------24-SEP-16
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
------------17-SEP-16
EX.NO : 6
AIM
: Procedures.
DATE :
Create a table stock to contain the item code, item name, current stock,
date of last purchase. Write a stored procedure to seek for an item
using item code and delete it, if the date of last purchase is before
one year from the current date. If not, update the current stock.
Queries
SQL>create table stock(itemcode number(10) primary key,itemname
varchar2(10),current_stock number(8,2),lastpurchase_date date);
Table created.
SQL> insert into stock
values(&itemcode,'&itemname',&current_stock,'&date');
Enter value for itemcode: 1
Enter value for itemname: mobile
Enter value for current_stock: 50
Enter value for date: 15_jan_10
old
1: insert into stock
values(&itemcode,'&itemname',&current_stock,'&date')
new
1: insert into stock values(1,'mobile',50,'15_jan_10')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for itemname: headset
Enter value for date: 20_mar_09
old
new
1: insert into stock values(2,'headset',20 ,'20_mar_09')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for itemname: mobile
Enter value for date: 20_may_10
old
new
1: insert into stock values(3,'mobile',90,'20_may_10')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for itemname: battery

Enter value for date: 20_mar_10
old
new
1: insert into stock values(4,'battery',45,'20_mar_10')
1 row created.
SQL> select * from stock;
ITEMCODE
ITEMNAME
CURRENT_STOCK
LASTPURCH
-----------------------------------------------------------------------1
mobile
50
15-JAN-10
2
headset
20
20-MAR-09
3
mobile
90
20-MAY-10
4
battery
45
20-MAR-10
SQL> create or replace procedure chkpro(itemid in varchar2,newpurchase
in varchar2)as
2 begin
3 delete from stock where itemcode=itemid and
4 months_between(sysdate,lastpurchase_date)>=12;
5 update stock set current_stock=current_stock+newpurchase where
itemcode=itemid;
6 end;
7 /
Procedure
SQL>
2
3
4
5
created.
begin
chkpro(1,50);
chkpro(2,30);
end;
/
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select * from stock;
ITEMCODE
ITEMNAME
CURRENT_STOCK
LASTPURCH
---------------------------------------------------------------------1
mobile
100
15-JAN-10
3
mobile
90
20-MAY-10
4
battery
45
20-MAR-10
EX.NO : 7
AIM
: Functions.
DATE :
create a table to contain phone no, user name, address of the phone
user. Write a function to search for a address using phone numbers.
Queries
SQL>create table phonebook1(phone_no number(6) primary key,username
varchar2(30),doorno varchar2(10),street varchar2(10),place
varchar2(10),pincode number(7));
Table created.
SQL> desc phonebook1;
Name
Null?
Type
------------------------------------------PHONE_NO
NOT NULL
NUMBER(6)
USERNAME
VARCHAR2(30)
DOORNO
VARCHAR2(10)
STREET
VARCHAR2(10)
PLACE
VARCHAR2(10)
PINCODE
NUMBER(7)
SQL>
2
3
4
5
create or replace function findaddress(phone in number) return

varchar2 as
address varchar2(30);
begin
select username||','||doorno||','||street||','||place||','||pincode
into address from phonebook1
6 where phone_no=phone;
7 return address;
8 exception
9 when no_data_found then return 'address not found';
10 end;
11 /
Function created.
SQL> insert into phonebook1
values(&phone_no,'&username','&doorno','&street','&place',&pincode);
Enter value for phone_no: 1234
Enter value for username: lokesh
Enter value for doorno: 101
Enter value for street: main
Enter value for place: trt
Enter value for pincode: 631209
old
1: insert into phonebook1
values(&phone_no,'&username','&doorno','&street','&place',&pincode)
new
values(1234,'lokesh','101','main','trt',631209)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for phone_no: 5678
Enter value for username: subash
Enter value for doorno: 102
Enter value for street: big
Enter value for place: ajj
Enter value for pincode: 631258
old
values(&phone_no,'&username','&doorno','&street','&place',&pincode)
new
values(5678,'subash','102','big','ajj',631258)
1 row created.
SQL> select * from phonebook1;
PHONE_NO
USERNAME
DOORNO
STREET
PLACE
PINCODE
-------------------------------------------------------------1234
lokesh
101
main
trt
631209
5678
subash
102
big
SQL> set serverout on;

SQL> declare
2 address varchar2(30);
3 begin
4 address:=findaddress(1234);
5 dbms_output.put_line(address);
6 end;
7 /
lokesh,101,main,trt,631209
SQL> declare
2 address varchar2(30);
3 begin
4 address:=findaddress(101);
5 dbms_output.put_line(address);
6 end;
7 /
address not found
ajj
631001
EX.NO : 8
AIM
: Functions with exception handling capability
DATE :
Create a table to store the details of the Aluminus in an institution. Write a PL/SQL block to
change address of a particualr alumni. Write proper exceptions and appropriate error messages.
SQL> CREATE TABLE ALUMNI(ALUMID NUMBER(7)PRIMARY KEY,ALUMNAME
CHAR(20),ADDR CHAR(15),DEGREE CHAR(5),COMPLETED_YR NUMBER(4));
Table created.
SQL> DESC ALUMNI
Name
Null?
------------------------------- -------ALUMID
NOT NULL
ALUMNAME
ADDR
DEGREE
COMPLETED_YR
Type
-------NUMBER(7)
CHAR(20)
CHAR(15)
CHAR(5)
NUMBER(4)
SQL> INSERT INTO ALUMNI

VALUES(&ALUMID,'&ALUMNAME','&ADDR','&DEGREE',&COMPLEYR);
Enter value for alumid: 1001
Enter value for alumname: HARIPRASATH
Enter value for addr: VELLORE
Enter value for degree: BSC
Enter value for compleyr: 2004
old
1: INSERT INTO ALUMNI
VALUES(&ALUMID,'&ALUMNAME','&ADDR','&DEGREE',&COMPLEYR)
new
VALUES(1001,'HARIPRASATH','VELLORE','BSC',2004)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
for
for
for
for
for
alumid: 1002
alumname: LOKESH
addr: ARNI
degree: BSC
compleyr: 2007
old
new
1: INSERT INTO ALUMNI VALUES(1002,'LOKESH','ARNI','BSC',2007)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
Enter value
for
for
for
for
for
alumid: 1003
alumname: KAYAL
addr: POLUR
degree: BSC
compleyr: 2007
old
new
1: INSERT INTO ALUMNI VALUES(1003,'KAYAL','POLUR','BSC',2007)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for alumname: HARIJOTHI
Enter value for addr:
Enter value for degree: BA
old
new
1: INSERT INTO ALUMNI VALUES(1005,'HARIJOTHI','','BA',2008)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for alumname:HEMAVATHY
Enter value for addr: VELAM
Enter value for degree: BA
old
new
1: INSERT INTO ALUMNI VALUES(1006,'HEMAVATHY','VELAM','BA',2008)
1 row created.
SQL> SELECT * FROM ALUMNI;
ALUMID ALUMNAME
ADDR
DEGRE
COMPLETED_YR
-------------------------------------------------------1001 HARIPRASATH
VELLORE
BSC
2004
1002
1003
1005
1006
LOKESH
KAYAL
HARIJOTHI
HEMAVATHY
ARNI
POLUR
VELAM
BSC
BSC
BA
BA
2007
2007
2008
2008
SQL> ed excep
declare
a alumni.alumid%type:=&alumid;
b alumni.alumname%type;
c alumni.addr%type;
d alumni.degree%type;
e alumni.completed_yr%type;
degree_null exception;
begin
select alumid,alumname,addr,degree,completed_yr into a,b,c,d,e
from alumni where alumid=a;
if d is null then raise degree_null;
else
dbms_output.put_line('THE RETRIEVED ROW IS........');
dbms_output.put_line('ALUMID ALUMNAME ADDR
DEGREE YEAR');
dbms_output.put_line('=====================================');
dbms_output.put_line(a||'
'||b||'
'||c||'
'||d||'
'||e);
dbms_output.put_line('====================================');
end if;
c:='&addrforupdate';
update alumni set addr=c where alumid=a;
select alumid,alumname,addr,degree,completed_yr into a,b,c,d,e
from alumni where alumid=a;
dbms_output.put_line('Now the new address of same rec is......');
dbms_output.put_line(a||'
'||b||'
'||c||'
'||d||'
'||e);
exception
when degree_null then
dbms_output.put_line('invalid degree in this REC.... PL INSERT
DEGREE...');
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('alumni ID= ' ||A||' IS NOT PRESENT...');
end;
/
SQL> sta excep

Input truncated
Enter value for
old
2:
new
2:
Enter value for
old 18:
new 18:
to 1 characters
alumid: 1002
a alumni.alumid%type:=1002;
addrforupdate: arni
c:='arni';
THE RETRIEVED ROW IS........

ALUMID ALUMNAME
ADDR
DEGREE
YEAR
====================================================
1002
LOKESH
vlr
BSC
2007
====================================================
Now the new address of same rec is......
1002
LOKESH
arni
BSC
2007
SQL> sta excep
Input truncated to 1 characters
old
2:
new
2:
Enter value for addrforupdate: vlr
old 18:
new 18:
c:='vlr';
alumni ID= 10000 IS NOT PRESENT...
SQL> sta excep
Input truncated to 1 characters
old
2:
new
2:
Enter value for addrforupdate: vlr
old 18:
new 18:
c:='vlr';
invalid degree in this REC.... PL INSERT DEGREE...
EX.NO : 9
AIM
: Cursors
DATE :
SQL> create table cur(sno number,m1 number,m2 number,m3 number,m4 number,m5
number,total number,avrg real,res varchar(5));
Table created.
SQL> insert into cur(sno,m1,m2,m3,m4,m5) values(&sno,&m1,&m2,&m3,&m4,&m5);
old 1: insert into cur(sno,m1,m2,m3,m4,m5) values(&sno,&m1,&m2,&m3,&m4,&m5)
new 1: insert into cur(sno,m1,m2,m3,m4,m5) values(1,45,65,43,46,78)
1 row created.
SQL> /

1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /

1 row created.
EXPLICIT
SQL> declare
2 cursor c2 is select sno, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5 from cur;
3 no number;
4 x1 number;
5 x2 number;
6 x3 number;
7 x4 number;
8 x5 number;
9 tot number;
10 avr real;
11 begin
12 open c2;
13 loop
14 fetch c2 into no,x1,x2,x3,x4,x5;
15 tot:=(x1+x2+x3+x4+x5);
16 avr:=(tot/5);
17 update cur set total=tot,avrg=avr where sno=no;
18 if (x1>=50 and x2>=50 and x3>=50 and x4>=50 and x5>=50) then
19 update cur set res='p' where sno=no;
20 else
21 update cur set res='f' where sno=no;
22 end if;
23 exit when c2%notfound;
24 end loop;
25 close c2;
26 end;
27 /
SQL> select * from cur;

SNO M1
M2
M3 M4 M5 TOTAL AVRG RES
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- --------- ---------- -------1
45
65
43
46
78
277
55.4
45
34
56
76
56
267
53.4
34
45
56
76
67
277
55.6
23
34
45
56
67
225
45
67
45
56
98
78
344
68.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPLICIT
SQL> declare
2 no cur.sno%type;
3 begin
4 no:=&no;
5 delete from cur where sno=no;
6 if sql%notfound then
7 dbms_output.put_line('values not founded');
8 else
9 dbms_output.put_line('values founded');
10 end if;
11 end;
12 /
old 4: no:=&no;
new 4: no:=4;
EX.NO :10
AIM
: Triggers
DATE :
SQL>create table vot1(

2
voterid number(5) primary key,
votername varchar(15),
wardno number(5),
dob date,
addr varchar(25));
Table created.
SQL> insert into vot1 values(&voterid,'&votername',&wardno,'&dob','&addr');
Enter value for voterid: 118
Enter value for votername: Raja
Enter value for wardno: 11
Enter value for addr: kk nagar
old 1: insert into vot1 values(&voterid,'&votername',&wardno,'&dob','&addr')
new 1: insert into vot1 values(118,'raja',11,'04_jun_1996','kk nagar')
1 row created.
SQL> /

Enter value for votername: naresh
Enter value for dob: 2_may_1978
Enter value for addr: akm
new 1: insert into vot1 values(235,'naresh',23,'2_may_1978','akm')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for votername: subash
Enter value for dob: 10_oct_1981
Enter value for addr: new apt
new 1: insert into vot1 values(197,'balu',19,'10_oct_1981','new apt')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for votername: dass
Enter value for dob: 28_oct_1983
Enter value for addr: gandhi nagar
new 1: insert into vot1 values(202,'rajesh',20,'28_oct_1983','gandhi nagar')
1 row created.
SQL> select * from vot1;
VOTERID VOTERNAME WARDNO DOB
ADDR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------118
raja
11
04-JUN-96
kk nagar
235
naresh
23
02-MAY-78
akm
197
subash
19
10-OCT-81
new apt
202
dass
20
28-OCT-83
gandhi nagar
SQL> create table vot2(

2
voterid number(5) primary key,
description varchar(15));
Table created.
SQL> insert into vot2 values(&voterid,'&description');
Enter value for description: same
old 1: insert into vot2 values(&voterid,'&description')
new 1: insert into vot2 values(118,'same')
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.

VOTERID DESCRIPTION
------------- -------------------118
same
235
same
197
same
202
same

SQL> create or replace trigger vot2 after delete on vot1 for each row
2 declare
3 v_id number:=235;
4 voterid number;
5 begin
6 v_id:=:old.voterid;
7 update vot2 set description='shifted' where voterid=v_id;
8 end;
9 /
Trigger created.
SQL> delete from vot1 where voterid=235;
1 row deleted.
VOTERID VOTERNAME
WARDNO
DOB
ADDR
---------- --------------- ---------- --------- ------------------------118
raja
11
20-JAN-82
kk nagar
197
subash
19
10-OCT-81
new apt
202
naresh
20
28-OCT-83
gandhi nagar

VOTERID
----------
DESCRIPTION
---------------
118
same
235
shifted
197
same
202
same

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ARAKKONAM ARTS & SCIENCE

Arakkonam Arts & Science

Head of the Department

_______________ at Arakkonam Arts and Science College,

Table creation and simple queries

Constraints(Primary key, foreign key, Not

Joins(left, right and equi joins)

Built-in functions(Date & time,

Functions with exception handling

----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------NO

NOT NULL NUMBER(5)

SQL> insert into client values(4,'kumar','porur','delhi','tamilnadu',631209,'good',7900);

PINCODE REMARKS BAL_DUE

SQL> alter table client add(doorno number(3));

SQL> delete from client where no=3;

SQL>select * from client;

annanagar chennai tamilnadu 623000

chennai tamilnadu 631000

NOT NULL CONSTRAINTS

SQL> create table std6 (sno number, sname varchar(20),sage number);

SQL> select * from std6;

SQL> create table em5(eno number,ename varchar(10),ejob varchar(10));

1: insert into em5 values(&eno,'&ename','&ejob')

new 1: insert into em5 values(12,'Divya','eletric')

LEFT OUTER JOIN

RIGHT OUTER JOIN

FULL OUTER JOIN

new 1: insert into class values(1003,'sasi',80,90,170)

SQL> select*from class;

SQL> select avg(m1)from class;

SQL> select name,stddev(m2)from class group by name;

SQL> select name,variance(m2)from class group by name;

SQL> select floor(35.3) from dual;

Enter value for doj: 09_jan_12

SQL> select*from s35;

SQL> select dob,add_months(dob,3) from s35;

--------- -------------------05-JUL-97 05-OCT-97

SQL> select dob,last_day(dob) from s35;

--------- -------------------27-JUL-97 31-JUL-97

--------- ------------------27-JUL-97 01-JUL-97

SQL> select dob,round(dob,'year') from s35;

SQL> select round(dob,'day') from s35;

--------- --------------------27-JUL-97 27-JUL-97

Enter value for current_stock: 45

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

create or replace function findaddress(phone in number) return

SQL> set serverout on;

SQL> INSERT INTO ALUMNI

SQL> sta excep

THE RETRIEVED ROW IS........

old 1: insert into cur(sno,m1,m2,m3,m4,m5) values(&sno,&m1,&m2,&m3,&m4,&m5)

Enter value for m1: 67

SQL> select * from cur;

M3 M4 M5 TOTAL AVRG RES

---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- --------- ---------- -------1

SQL>create table vot1(

voterid number(5) primary key,

Enter value for voterid: 235

VOTERID VOTERNAME WARDNO DOB

SQL> create table vot2(

voterid number(5) primary key,

SQL> select * from vot2;

SQL> set serverout on;