Chapter 08

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81. Asphericalgastankhasaninnerradiusofr=1.5m.
Ifitissubjectedtoaninternalpressureofp=300kPa,
determineitsrequiredthicknessifthemaximumnormal
stressisnottoexceed12MPa.
= pr
allow
= 300(10 )(1.5)
3
12(10 )
2t
2t
t = 0.0188m = 18.8mm
Ans.
82. A pressurizedsphericaltankistobemade
0.5in.thicksteel.Ifitissubjectedtoaninternalpressure
of
ofp=200psi,determineitsouterradiusifthemaximum
normalstressisnottoexceed15ksi.
allow
= pr
2t
200ri
3
15(10 ) =
2(0.5)
ri = 75in.
Ans.
ro = 75in. + 0.5in. = 75.5in.
83.Thethinwalledcylindercanbesupportedinoneoftwoways
asshown.Determinethestateofstressinthewallofthecylinder
forbothcasesifthepistonPcausestheinternalpressuretobe65
psi.Thewallhasathicknessof0.25in.andtheinnerdiameterof
thecylinderis8in.
Case(a):
s1
= pr ;
s1
t
s2
= 65(4) = 1.04ksi
0.25
Ans.
=0
Ans.
Case(b):
s1
s2
= pr
t
= pr
2t
s1
;
s2
= 65(4) = 1.04ksi
0.25
Ans.
2(0.25)
Ans.
= 65(4) = 520psi
532
8in.
8in.
(a)
(b)
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*84. Thetankoftheaircompressorissubjectedtoan internal

pressureof90psi.Iftheinternaldiameterofthetankis22in.,and
the wall thickness is 0.25 in., determine the stress components
actingatpoint A. Drawavolumeelementofthematerialatthis
point,andshowthe
resultsontheelement.
HoopStressforCylindricalVessels:Since
11
= 0.25 = 44 7 10,then thinwall
analysiscanbeused.ApplyingEq.81
s1 = pr = 90(11) = 3960psi = 3.96ksi

t
Ans.
0.25
LongitudinalStressforCylindricalVessels:ApplyingEq.82
pr
s2 =
Ans.
= 90(11) = 1980psi = 1.98ksi

2(0.25)
2t
85. Thesphericalgastankisfabricatedbyboltingtogether two
hemisphericalthinshellsofthickness30mm.Ifthegascontained
in the tank is under a gauge pressure of 2 MPa, determine the
normalstressdevelopedinthewallofthetankandineachofthe
bolts.Thetankhasaninnerdiameterof8mandissealedwith900
boltseach25mmindiameter.
NormalStress:Since r
t
= 4
= 133.33 7 10,thinwallanalysisisvalid.Forthe
0.03
sphericaltankswall,
s = pr
Referring
to
the
P = pA = 2 A10 Bc p
6
2t
Ans.
2(4)
=
2(0.03) = 133MPa
freebody
diagram
shown
in
Fig.a,
A82 B d = 32pA106 B N.Thus,
+ c Fy = 0;
32pA10 B-450Pb
- 450Pb
=0
Pb = 35.56 A10 Bp N
Thenormalstressdevelopedineachboltisthen
Pb
35.56A10 Bp
sb = A = p
b
4
A0.0252 B
Ans.
= 228MPa
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86. Thesphericalgastankisfabricatedbybolting togethertwo

hemisphericalthinshells.Ifthe8minnerdiametertankistobe
designedtowithstandagaugepressureof2MPa,determinethe
minimumwallthicknessofthetankandtheminimumnumberof
25mmdiameterboltsthatmustbeusedtosealit.Thetankandthe
boltsaremadefrommaterialhavinganallowablenormalstressof
150MPaand250MPa,respectively.
NormalStress:Forthesphericaltankswall,
allow
= pr
2t
=
150A10 B
2A10 B(4)
2t
t = 0.02667m = 26.7mm
4
r
Since t
Ans.
= 0.02667 = 150 7 10,thinwallanalysisisvalid.
Referring
to
the
freebody
diagram
shown
in
Fig.
a,
c
6
6
P = pA = 2 A10 B p A82 B d = 32pA10 B N.Thus,
+ c Fy = 0;
32pA 106B
- n (P )
b allow
n=
- n (P )
2
b allow
=0
(1)
32pA10 B
(P )
b allow
Theallowabletensileforceforeachboltis
6
(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=39.0625A10 BpN

SubstitutingthisresultintoEq.(1),
n=
6
32pA10 B
Ans.
= 819.2 = 820
39.0625pA10 B
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87.Aboilerisconstructedof8mmthicksteelplatesthat
arefastenedtogetherattheirendsusingabuttjoint
consistingoftwo8mmcoverplatesandrivetshavinga
diameterof10mmandspaced50mmapartasshown.Ifthe
steampressureintheboileris1.35MPa,determine(a)the
circumferentialstressintheboilersplateapartfrom
theseam,(b)thecircumferentialstressintheoutercoverplate
alongtherivetlineaa,and(c)theshearstressintherivets.
0.75m
50mm
a)
s1 = pr
= 1.35(106)(0.75)
6
= 126.56(10 ) = 127MPa
Ans.
0.008
6
b)
126.56(10 )(0.05)(0.008)=s1(2)(0.04)(0.008)
Ans.
s1 = 79.1MPa
c)FromFBD(a)
+ c Fy = 0;
Fb - 79.1(10 )[(0.008)(0.04)] = 0
Fb = 25.3kN
(tavg)b=
Fb
A
Ans.
- 25312.5 = 322 MPa

p
4
(0.01)
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*88. Thegasstoragetankisfabricatedbyboltingtogether two

halfcylindricalthinshellsandtwohemisphericalshellsasshown.
Ifthetankisdesignedtowithstandapressureof3MPa,determine
the required minimum thickness of the cylindrical and
hemispherical shells and the minimum required number of
longitudinalboltspermeterlengthateachsideofthecylindrical
shell. The tank and the 25 mm diameter bolts are made from
materialhavinganallowablenormalstressof150MPaand250
MPa,respectively.Thetankhasaninnerdiameterof4m.
NormalStress:Forthecylindricalportionofthetank,thehoopstressistwiceaslargeasthe
longitudinalstress.
6
6
= pr ;
150A10 B = 3A10 B(2)
s
allow
tc
Ans.
tc = 0.04m = 40mm
Forthehemisphericalcap,
= pr ;
allow
6
150A10 B = 3A106B(2)
2ts
t
ts = 0.02m = 20mm
Ans.
r
Sincet610,thinwallanalysisisvalid.
Referringtothefreebodydiagramofthepermeterlengthofthecylindricalportion,Fig.
a,whereP=pA
6
6
=3A10 B[4(1)]=12A10 BN,wehave
+ c Fy = 0;
12A10 B-nc(Pb)allow
- nc(Pb)allow = 0
(1)
nc = 6A106B
(P )
b allow
6
(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=122.72A10 BN

Ans.
nc = 48.89 = 49bolts>meter
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89.Thegasstoragetankisfabricatedbyboltingtogether twohalf
cylindricalthinshellsandtwohemisphericalshellsasshown.Ifthe
tankisdesignedtowithstandapressureof3MPa,determinethe
requiredminimumthicknessofthecylindricalandhemispherical
shells and the minimum required number of bolts for each
hemispherical cap. The tank and the 25 mm diameter bolts are
madefrommaterialhavinganallowablenormalstressof150MPa
and250MPa,respectively.Thetankhasaninnerdiameterof4m.
NormalStress:Forthecylindricalportionofthetank,thehoopstressistwiceaslargeasthe
longitudinalstress.
= pr ;
150A10 B= 3A10 B(2)
allow
tc
Ans.
tc = 0.04m = 40mm
Forthehemisphericalcap,
= pr ;
150A10 B= 3A106B(2)
allow
2ts
= 0.02m = 20mm
Ans.
r
Since
t 6 10,thinwallanalysisisvalid.
(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=122.72A10 BN

Referringtothe
freebodydiagramofthe
2
6
P = pA = 3 A10 Bc p A4 B d = 12pA10 B N,
hemisphericalcap,Fig.b,where
+
: Fx = 0;
ns
12pA10B -
ns
2 (P )
b allow
- 2
(P )
b allow
=0
(1)
12pA106B
ns =
(P)
allow
b
ns = 307.2 = 308bolts
Ans.
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810.Awoodpipehavinganinnerdiameterof3ftis
boundtogether
usingsteelhoops
eachhavingacross
4psi
4psi
sectionalareaof0.2in .Iftheallowablestressforthehoops
issallow=12ksi,determinetheirmaximumspacingsalong
thesectionofpipesothatthepipecanresistaninternal
gaugepressureof4psi.Assumeeachhoopsupportsthe
pressureloadingactingalongthelengthsofthepipe.
s
EquilibriumforthesteelHoop:FromtheFBD
2P-4(36s)=0
P = 72.0s
: Fx = 0;
HoopStressfortheSteelHoop:
P
s =s
1 allow A
72.0
12(10 )=
0.2
Ans.
s = 33.3in.
18in.
811.Thestavesorverticalmembersofthewoodentankareheld
togetherusingsemicircularhoopshavingathicknessof0.5in.and
awidthof2in.DeterminethenormalstressinhoopABifthetank
issubjectedtoaninternalgaugepressureof2psiandthisloading
istransmitteddirectlytothehoops.Also,if0.25in.diameterbolts
areusedtoconnecteachhooptogether,determinethetensilestress
ineachboltat A and B.Assumehoop AB supportsthepressure
loadingwithina12in.lengthofthetankasshown.
6in.
12in.
A
6in.
FR = 2(36)(12) = 864lb
F = 0;
sh = F
864-2F=0;F=432lb
= 432 = 432psi
0.5(2)
Ah
F
=
sb =
432
A
p
4
= 8801psi = 8.80ksi
Ans.
(0.25)
Ans.
538
B
12in.
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*812.Twohemisphereshavinganinnerradiusof2ftandwall
thicknessof0.25in.arefittedtogether,andtheinsidegauge
pressure is reduced to - 10 psi. If the coefficient of static
frictionisms=0.5betweenthehemispheres,determine(a)the
torque T neededtoinitiatetherotationofthetophemisphere
relativetothebottomone,(b)theverticalforceneededtopull
thetophemisphereoffthebottomone,and(c)thehorizontal
forceneededtoslidethetophemisphereoffthebottomone.
0.25in.
2ft
NormalPressure:VerticalforceequilibriumforFBD(a).
2
10Cp(24 )D-N=0
+ c Fy = 0;
N = 5760p lb
TheFrictionForce:Applyingfrictionformula
Ff = ms N = 0.5(5760p) = 2880p lb
a)TheRequiredTorque:Inordertoinitiaterotationofthetwohemispheresrelativetoeach
other,thetorquemustovercomethemomentproducedbythefrictionforceaboutthecenterof
thesphere.
T = Ffr = 2880p(2 + 0.125>12) = 18190lb # ft = 18.2kip # ft
Ans.
b)TheRequiredVerticalForce:Inordertojustpullthetwohemispheresapart,thevertical
forcePmustovercomethenormalforce.
Ans.
P = N = 5760p = 18096lb = 18.1kip
c)TheRequiredHorizontalForce:Inordertojustcausethetwohemispherestosliderelative
toeachother,thehorizontalforceFmustovercomethefrictionforce.
Ans.
F = Ff = 2880p = 9048lb = 9.05kip
813.The304stainlesssteelbandinitiallyfitssnuglyaround
thesmoothrigidcylinder.Ifthebandisthensubjectedtoa
2
nonlineartemperaturedropofT=20sin uF,whereuis
inradians,determinethecircumferentialstressintheband.
10in.
Compatibility:Sincethebandisfixedtoarigidcylinder(itdoesnotdeformunder
load),then
dF - dT = 0
2p
P(2pr)
- L aTrdu = 0
AE
2pr a P b = 20ar
E
2p
2
Lsin udu
however,
P
A
= sc
2p
E
2p
(1-cos2u)du
sc = 10a L
0
sc = 10aE
= 10(9.60) A10
-6
in.
64
Ans.
B 28.0 A103 B = 2.69ksi
539
1in.
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814. The ring, having the dimensions shown, is placed over a

flexible membrane which is pumped up with a pressure p.
Determinethechangeintheinternalradiusoftheringafterthis
pressureisapplied.ThemodulusofelasticityfortheringisE.
ro
r
EquilibriumfortheRing:FormtheFBD
+
2P - 2pr w = 0
i
P = pri w
: Fx = 0;
HoopStressandStrainfortheRing:
s1 =
pri
pri w
=
(rs-ri)w
rs - r i
UsingHookesLaw
=
e1 = s1
pri
E
However,
[1]
E(rs - ri)
e1 = 2p(ri)1-2pri
(ri)1-ri
2pr
ri
= dri
ri
Then,fromEq.[1]
dri =
pri
ri
E(rs - ri)
dri =
pr i
E(rs - ri)
Ans.
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815.TheinnerringAhasaninnerradiusr1andouterradiusr2.Before
heating,theouterringBhasaninnerradiusr3andanouterradiusr4,
andr27r3.Iftheouterringisheatedandthenfittedovertheinnerring,
determinethepressurebetweenthetworingswhenringBreachesthe
temperatureoftheinnerring.Thematerialhasamodulusofelasticity
ofEandacoefficientofthermalexpansionofa.
EquilibriumfortheRing:FromtheFBD
+ F = 0;
2P - 2pr w = 0
x
P = priw
:
HoopStressandStrainfortheRing:
s1 =
pri
priw
=
(ro-ri)w
UsingHookeslaw
e1 =
s1
E
=
However,e1
2p(ri)1-2pri
ro - r i
pri
E(ro - ri)
(ri)1-ri
2pr
= dri .
ri
[1]
ri
Then,fromEq.[1]
dri =
pri
E(ro - ri)
ri
dri =
pri
E(ro - ri)
Compatibility:Thepressurebetweentheringsrequires
dr2 + dr3 = r2 - r3
Fromtheresultobtainedabove
dr2 =
pr2
[2]
2
pr3
dr3 =
E(r2 - r1)
E(r4 - r3)
SubstituteintoEq.[2]
pr2
E(r2 - r1)
p=
pr3
+
= r2 - r3
E(r4 - r3)
E(r2 - r3)
+ r32
r2
2
r2 - r 1
r4
r2
Ans.
r4 - r 3
541
r1
r3
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*816.Thecylindricaltankisfabricatedbyweldingastripofthin
platehelically,makinganangleuwiththelongitudinalaxisofthe
tank.Ifthestriphasawidthwandthicknesst,andthegaswithin
thetankofdiameterdispressuredtop,showthatthenormalstress
developedalongthestripisgivenbysu=(pd>8t)(3-cos2u).
w
u
NormalStress:
pr =p(d>2) = pd
sh = s1 =
t
pr
sl = s2 =
t
2t
=p(d>2) = pd
2t
2t
4t
Equilibrium:Wewillconsiderthetriangularelementcutfromthestripshownin
Fig.a.Here,
Ah = (w sin u)t
Fh = shAh =
and pwd
=
pd
2t
(wsinu)t
pd
Fl = slAl =
4t
Thus,
and
Al = (w cos u)t.
sinu
=pwd
(wcosu)t
cosu.
Writingtheforceequationofequilibriumalongthexaxis,
Fx = 0; c pwd sinudsinu + c pwd cosudcosu-Nu
2
=u
Nu = pwd
A2sin2 u + cos2 uB
4
2
However,sin u+cos u=1.Thisequationbecomes

Nu = pwd
Asin2 u + 1 B
4
2
Also,sin u=
1 (1-cos2u),sothat
2
N = pwd (3-cos2u)
u
SinceAu=wt,then
pwd (3-cos2u)
su = Nu = 8
wt
Au
pd
(3-cos2u)
su =
(Q.E.D.)
8t
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817. In order to increase the strength of the pressure vessel,

filament winding of the same material is wrapped around the
circumference of the vessel as shown. If the pretension in the
filamentisT andthevesselissubjectedtoaninternalpressure p,
determinethehoopstressesinthefilamentandinthewall ofthe
vessel.Usethefreebodydiagramshown,andassumethefilament
windinghasathicknesstandwidthwforacorrespondinglengthof
thevessel.
L
w
s1 t
T
s1
NormalStressintheWallandFilamentBeforetheInternalPressureisApplied:
TheentirelengthwofwallissubjectedtopretensionfilamentforceT.Hence,from
equilibrium,thenormalstressinthewallatthisstateis
(sl)w= T
2T-(sl)w(2wt)=0
wt
andforthefilamentthenormalstressis
(sl)fil=
T
wt
NormalStressintheWallandFilamentAftertheInternalPressureisApplied:Thestressin
thefilamentbecomes
sfil = sl + (sl)fil =
pr
(t+t)
+ T
Ans.
wt
Andforthewall,
sw = sl - (sl)w =
pr
-T
(t+t)
wt
Ans.
d = 0.0667m = 66.7mm
818.TheverticalforcePactsonthebottomoftheplatehavinga
negligibleweight.Determinetheshortestdistancedtotheedgeof
the plate at which it can be applied so that it produces no
compressivestressesontheplateatsection aa. Theplatehasa
thickness of 10 mm and P acts along the center line of this
thickness.
sA = 0 = sa - sb
P
Mc
A
I
0=
P
0=
(0.2)(0.01)
- P(0.1 - d)(0.1)
1
12
(0.01)(0.2 )
P( - 1000 + 15000 d) = 0
200mm
500mm
300mm
a
d
P
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and minimumnormal
819.Determinethemaximum
100kN
stressinthebracketatsectionaawhentheloadisapplied
15mm
atx=0.
15mm
200mm
150mm
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofthetopcutsegmentinFig.a,
N - 100 = 0
+ c Fy = 0;
a + MC = 0;
N = 100kN
100(0.1)-M=0
A = 0.2(0.03) = 0.006m
M = 10kN # m
1 (0.03)(0.23)=20.0(10-6)m4
I=
12
Thenormalstressdevelopedisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s= N
A
My
; I
Fortheleftedgefiber,y=C=0.1m.Then
3
100(10 )
sL = -
10(10 )(0.1)
-
0.006
-6
20.0(10 )
6
Ans.
= - 66.67(10 )Pa = 66.7MPa(C)(Max)
Fortherightedgefiber,y=0.1m.Then
= R
100(10 )
0.006
Ans.
3
10(10 )(0.1) = 33.3MPa(T)
-6
20.0(10 )
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*820. Determinethemaximumandminimumnormal
100kN
15mm
stressinthebracketatsectionaawhentheloadisapplied
atx=300mm.
15mm
200mm
150mm
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofthetopcutsegmentinFig.a,
+ c Fy = 0;
a + MC = 0;
N - 100 = 0
N = 100kN
M - 100(0.2) = 0
A = 0.2(0.03) = 0.006m
M = 20kN # m
1 (0.03)(0.23)=20.0(10-6)m4
I=
12
s =N
; My
Fortheleftedgefiber,y=C=0.1m.Then
3
100(10 )
sC = -
20.0(10 )(0.1)
0.006
-6
20.0(10 )
Ans.
= 83.33(10 )Pa = 83.3MPa(T)(Min)
Fortherightedgefiber,y=C=0.1m.Thus
sR = -
100(10 )
0.006
20.0(10 )(0.1)
-6
20.0(10 )
Ans.
= 117MPa
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821. The coping saw has an adjustablebladethat is tightened
8mm
withatensionof40N.Determinethestateofstressintheframeat
pointsAandB.
75mm
3mm
8mm
3 mm
B
100mm
50mm
40
4(0.004)
+
= 123MPa
sA = - P + Mc = 1
A
I
(0.008)(0.003)
(0.003)(0.008) 3
12
2(0.004)
sB = Mc =
I
(0.003)(0.008)
12
= 62.5MPa
Ans.
Ans.
30mm
822.TheclampismadefrommembersABandAC,whicharepin
connectedatA.IfitexertsacompressiveforceatCandBof180
N, determine the maximum compressive stress in the clamp at
sectionaa.ThescrewEFissubjectedonlytoatensileforcealong
itsaxis.
40mm
F
C
180N
15mm
a
180N
15mm
Sectionaa
A
E
Thereisnomomentinthisproblem.Therefore,thecompressivestressisproducedbyaxial
forceonly.
= P =
max
Ans.
240
= 1.07MPa
(0.015)(0.015)
546
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Page 547
30mm
823.TheclampismadefrommembersABandAC,whichare
pinconnectedatA.IfitexertsacompressiveforceatCandB
of180N,sketchthestressdistributionactingoversectionaa.
ThescrewEFissubjectedonlytoatensileforcealongitsaxis.
40mm
F
C
180N
15mm
a
180N
15mm
Sectionaa
A
E
Thereismomentinthisproblem.Therefore,thecompressivestressisproducedbyaxialforce
only.
240
= P =
max
= 1.07MPa
(0.015)(0.015)
*824.Thebearingpinsupportsthe
0.75in.
load of700 lb.
Determinethestresscomponentsinthesupportmember
atpointA.Thesupportis0.5in.thick.
2in.
B
30
3in.
Fx = 0;
N - 700cos30 = 0;
Fy = 0;
V - 700sin30 = 0;
a + M = 0;
1.25in.
N = 606.218lb
V = 350lb
M = 175lb # in.
700lb
M - 700(1.25 - 2sin30) = 0;
sA =
N
A
Mc
- I
606.218
=
(0.75)(0.5)
(175)(0.375)
1
(0.5)(0.75)3
12
Ans.
Ans.
sA = - 2.12ksi
tA = 0
(sinceQA=0)
547
0.5in.
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Page 548
825. Thebearingpinsupportstheloadof700lb. Determinethe
stresscomponentsinthesupportmemberatpointB.Thesupportis
0.5in.thick.
0.75in.
A
2in.
B
0.5in.
30
3in.
Fx = 0;
Fy = 0;
N - 700cos30 = 0;
N = 606.218lb
V - 700sin30 = 0;
a + M = 0;
700lb
M - 700(1.25 - 2sin30) = 0;
N
M = 175lb # in.
606.218
Mc
A + I
sB =
1.25in.
V = 350lb
175(0.375)
+
(0.75)(0.5)
(0.5)(0.75)3
12
sB = 5.35ksi
Ans.
tB = 0
Ans.
(sinceQB=0)
826.TheoffsetlinksupportstheloadingofP=30kN.Determineits
requiredwidthwiftheallowablenormalstressissallow=73MPa.The
linkhasathicknessof40mm.
s duetoaxialforce:
P
sa =
30(10 )
750(10 )
(w)(0.04)
s duetobending:
sb = Mc
30(10 )(0.05+ 2)( 2)
1
12
50mm
(0.04)(w)
4500(10 )(0.05+ 2)
2
=s
=s +s
max allow a b
73(10 )=
3
3
w
750(10 ) + 4500(10 )(0.05+ 2)
w2
73w =0.75w+0.225+2.25w
2
73w -3w-0.225=0
w=0.0797m=79.7mm
Ans.
548
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 549
827.Theoffsetlinkhasawidthofw=200mmanda
thicknessof40mm.Iftheallowablenormalstressis
sallow = 75MPa,determinethemaximumload P thatcan
beappliedtothecables.
A = 0.2(0.04) = 0.008m
-6
I = 12 (0.04)(0.2) = 26.6667(10 )m
50mm
P Mc
s=A +
I
6
75(10 )=
+ 0.150P(0.1)
0.008
-6
26.6667(10 )
Ans.
P = 109kN
*828.ThejointissubjectedtoaforceofP80lbandF0.Sketch
thenormalstressdistributionactingoversectionaaifthemember
hasarectangularcrosssectionalareaofwidth2in.andthickness
0.5in.
s duetoaxialforce:
s=
P
A
80
= 80psi
0.5in.
(0.5)(2)
s duetobending:
s=
Mc = 100(0.25) = 1200psi
I
1
12
(2)(0.5)
1.25in.
(s
= 80 + 1200 = 1280psi = 1.28ksi
Ans.
(s
= 1200 - 80 = 1120psi = 1.12ksi
Ans.
max t
y
1.28
max c
= (0.5-y)
1.12
y = 0.267in.
549
2in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 550
829. Thejointissubjectedtoaforceof P = 200lband F = 150
lb.Determinethestateofstressatpoints A and B andsketchthe

resultsondifferentialelementslocatedatthesepoints.Themember
has a rectangular crosssectional area of width 0.75 in. and
thickness0.5in.
a
0.5in.
F
1.25in.
P
A = 0.5(0.75) = 0.375in
QA = y AA = 0.125(0.75)(0.25) = 0.0234375in3 ;
I=
QB = 0
1 (0.75)(0.53)=0.0078125in4
12
NormalStress:
s= N
; My
I
200
sA =
+ 0 = 533psi(T)
Ans.
50(0.25)
Ans.
0.375
200
sB = 0.375 -
0.0078125 = - 1067psi = 1067psi(C)
Shearstress:
t = VQ
It
tA =
150(0.0234375)
Ans.
= 600psi
(0.0078125)(0.75)
Ans.
tB = 0
550
2in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 551
830.Ifthe75kgmanstandsinthepositionshown,determinethe
stateofstressatpointAonthecrosssectionoftheplankatsection
aa.Thecenterofgravityofthe
isatG.AssumethatthecontactpointatCissmooth.
C
600mm
A
1.5m
30a
600mm
300mm
SupportReactions:Referringtothefreebodydiagramoftheentireplank,Fig.a,
a + MB = 0;
FC sin30(2.4) - 75(9.81)cos30(0.9) = 0
FC = 477.88N
Fx = 0; Bx - 75(9.81)sin30 - 477.88cos30 = 0
Bx = 781.73N
Fy = 0; By + 477.88sin30 - 75(9.81)cos30 = 0
By = 398.24N
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramoftheplankslower
segment,Fig.b,
Fx = 0;781.73 - N = 0
N = 781.73N
Fy = 0;398.24 - V = 0
V = 398.24N
M = 238.94N # m
M - 398.24(0.6) = 0
a + MO = 0;
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaaboutthecentroidal
axisoftheplankscrosssectionare
A = 0.6(0.05) = 0.03m
-6
I = 12 (0.6) A0.05 B = 6.25 A10
Bm4
ReferringtoFig.c,QAis
-3
QA = yA = 0.01875(0.0125)(0.6) = 0.140625 A10
B m3
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s=N
A
My
;
ForpointA,y=0.0125m.Then
sA
= - 781.73
0.03
-238.94(0.0125)
-6
6.25A10 B
Ans.
= - 503.94kPa = 504kPa(C)
551
50mm
12.5mm
Sectionaaandbb
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 552
830. Continued
ShearStress:Theshearstressiscontributedbytransverseshearstress.Thus,
VQA
tA =
It
-3
398.24c0.140625A10 Bd
=
6.25A10 - 6
= 14.9kPa
B(0.6)
Thestateofstressatpoint AisrepresentedontheelementshowninFig.d.
552
Ans.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 553
831.Determinethesmallestdistancedtotheedgeofthe
plateatwhichtheforcePcanbeappliedsothatitproduces
nocompressivestressesintheplateatsectionaa.The
P
platehasathicknessof20mmandPactsalongthe
centerlineofthisthickness.
200 mm
d
300mm
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDoftheleftcutsegmentinFig.a,
+
N-P=0
N=P
: Fx = 0;
a + MC = 0;
M - P(0.1- d) = 0M = P(0.1 - d)
A = 0.2(0.02) = 0.004m
3
-6
4
I = 1 (0.02)(0.2 )=13.3333(10 )m
12
Thenormalstressdevelopedisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Thus
s=
N My
A;
I
Sincenocompressivestressisdesired,thenormalstressatthetopedgefibermustbe
equaltozero.Thus,
P
0= 0.004
P(0.1 - d)(0.1)
;
-6
13.3333(10 )
0=250P-7500P(0.1-d)
d =0.06667m=66.7mm
Ans.
553
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 554
ThehorizontalforceofP=80kNactsattheend
*832.
oftheplate.Theplatehasathicknessof10mmandPacts
alongthecenterlineofthisthicknesssuchthatd=50mm.
Plotthedistributionofnormal
stress
actingalong
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDoftheleftcutsegmentinFig.a,
+
: Fx
200 mm
sectionaa.
300mm
a
= 0;
N - 80
N = 80kN
M = 4.00kN # m
M - 80(0.05) = 0
a + MC = 0;
A = 0.01(0.2) = 0.002m
=0
1 (0.01)(0.23)=6.667(10-6)m4
I=
12
s= N
A
; My
I
AtpointA,y=0.1m.Then
sA =
80(10 )
4.00(10 )(0.1)
0.002
-6
6.667(10 )
6
= - 20.0(10 )Pa = 20.0Mpa(C)

AtpointB,y=0.1m.Then
sB =
80(10 )
0.002
4.00(10 )(0.1)
-6
6.667(10 )
6
= 100(10 )Pa = 100MPa(T)

Thelocationofneutralaxiscanbedeterminedusingthesimilartriangles.
554
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 555
833. Thepliersaremadefromtwosteelpartspinned togetherat
A.Ifasmoothboltisheldinthejawsandagrippingforceof10lb
isappliedatthehandles,determinethestateofstressdevelopedin
thepliersatpointsBandC.Herethecrosssectionisrectangular,
havingthedimensionsshowninthefigure.
0.2in.
0.18in.
D
10lb
0.1in.
3in.
30
DAB
Q Fx = 0;
N - 10sin30 = 0;
N = 5.0lb
V - 10cos30 = 0;
V = 8.660lb
Fy = 0;
M - 10(3) = 0
a + MC = 0;
A = 0.2(0.4) = 0.08in
1.75in.
2.5in.
M = 30lb # in.
2
-3
1
3 = 1.0667(10 )in
I = 12 (0.2)(0.4 )
QB = 0
QC =
-3
A = 0.1(0.2)(0.2) = 4(10 )in
PointB:
sB =
N + My = - 5.0
A
30(0.2)
0.08
= 5.56ksi(T)
Ans.
-3
1.0667(10 )
VQ
tB =
=0
It
Ans.
PointC:
sC =
N + My
A
= - 5.0
+ 0 = - 62.5psi = 62.5psi(C)
0.08
Ans.
ShearStress:
tC = VQ =
It
-3
8.660(4)(10 )
= 162psi
Ans.
-3
1.0667(10 )(0.2)
555
0.2in.
0.2in.
0.2in.
4in.
10lb
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 556
834. SolveProb.833forpointsDandE.
0.18in.
10lb
0.2in.
0.1in.
DA
E
1.75in.
2.5in.
- F(2.5) + 4(10) = 0;
a + MA = 0;
PointD:
Ans.
16(0.05)(0.1)(0.18)
tD =
It
[ 112
= 667psi
Ans.
(0.18)(0.2) ](0.18)
PointE:
sE =
My =
I
28(0.1)
1
0.2in.
0.2in.
0.2in.
4in.
10lb
F = 16lb
sD = 0
VQ
3in.
30
Ans.
= 23.3ksi(T)
(0.18)(0.2)3
Ans.
12
tE = 0
556
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 557
835. The wideflange beam is subjected to the loading shown.

Determinethestresscomponentsatpoints A and B andshowthe
resultsonavolumeelementateachofthesepoints.Usetheshear
formulatocomputetheshearstress.
500lb
2500lb
A
2ft
I=
2ft
3
3
4
(4)(7 )- 1 (3.5)(6 )=51.33in
12
12
A = 2(0.5)(4) + 6(0.5) = 7in
3000lb
4ft
6ft
2ft
A
0.5in.
4in.
0.5in.
2in.
4in.
0.5 in.
QB = A = 3.25(4)(0.5) + 2(2)(0.5) = 8.5in
y
QA = 0
sA =
- Mc
I
= - 11500(12)(3.5) = - 9.41ksi
51.33
Ans.
tA = 0
sB =
Ans.
My = 11500(12)(1) = 2.69ksi
Ans.
51.33
I
tB = VQB = 2625(8.5) = 0.869ksi
It
Ans.
51.33(0.5)
557
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 558
*836. The drill is jammed in the wall and is subjected to the

torqueandforceshown.DeterminethestateofstressatpointAon
thecrosssectionofdrillbitatsectionaa.
400mm
a 20Nm
x
a
125mm
5
y
A
5mm
B
Sectionaa
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramofthedrillsrightcut
segment,Fig.a,
=0
Fx = 0;
N-
Fy = 0;
150a 3 b - V = 0
y
N = 120N
150a 5 b
Vy = 90N
T = 20N # m
Mx = 0;20 - T = 0
3
Mz = 0; - 150 a 5 b(0.4) + 150 a 5b(0.125)
+ Mz = 0
Mz = 21N # m
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalarea,themomentofinertiaaboutthezaxis,andthe
polarmomentofinertiaofthedrillscrosssectionare
2
-6
A = pA0.005 B = 25pA10
B m2
-9
Iz = 4 A0.005 B = 0.15625pA10
-9
J = 2 A0.005 B = 0.3125pA10
B m4
B m4
ReferringtoFig.b,QAis
QA = 0
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisacombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s= N
- Mz y
Iz
ForpointA,y=0.005m.Then
sA =
- 120
-6
25pA10 B
21(0.005)
= - 215.43MPa = 215MPa(C)
-9
0.15625pA10 B
558
Ans.
3
4
150N
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 559
836.Continued
ShearStress:ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
c A xyBV dA
= VyQA = 0
Ans.
Iz t
ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
C(txz)TDA = Tc =
J
20(0.005)
= 101.86MPa
0.3125pA10 9B
Thus,
AtxyBA = 0
Ans.
= 102MPa
AtxzBA = c AtxzBT d
Ans.
ThestateofstressatpointAisrepresentedontheelementshowninFigc.
559
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 560
837.Thedrillisjammedinthewallandissubjectedto
thetorqueandforceshown.Determinethestateofstressat
pointBonthecrosssectionofdrillbitatsectionaa.
400mm
20Nm
a
125mm
rightcutsegment,Fig.a,
Fx = 0;
Fy = 0;
N-
=0
Sectionaa
150a 5 b - Vy
=0
Vy =
90N
T = 20N # m
4
+ 150 a 5 b(0.125) + Mz = 0
Mz = 21N # m
- 150 a5 b(0.4)
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalarea,themomentofinertiaaboutthezaxis,andthe
polarmomentofinertiaofthedrillscrosssectionare
2
-6
A = pA0.005 B = 25pA10
B m2
-9
Iz = 4 A0.005 B = 0.15625pA10
-9
J = 2 A0.005 B = 0.3125pA10
B m4
B m4
ReferringtoFig.b,QBis
4(0.005) p
QB = yA =
3p
A0.0052 B d = 83.333 A10- 9 B m3
s=N-
My
z
Iz
ForpointB,y=0.Then
sB =
5mm
N = 120N
150a5b
3
z B
Mx = 0;20 - T = 0
Mz = 0;
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramofthedrills
- 120
- 0 = - 1.528MPa = 1.53MPa(C)
-6
25pA10 B
560
Ans.
150N
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 561
837.Continued
ShearStress:ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
-9
90c83.333A10 Bd
Vy QB
c A xyBV dB
Iz t
-9
0.15625pA10 B(0.01)
= 1.528MPa
Ans.
ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
20(0.005) = 101.86MPa
c AtxyBT d = TC =
B
-9
0.3125pA10 B
Thus,
AtCBB = 0
Ans.
AtxyBB = c AtxyBT d
- c AtxyBV d
B
= 101.86 - 1.528 = 100.33MPa = 100MPa
Ans.
ThestateofstressatpointBisrepresentedontheelementshowninFig.d.
561
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 562
838.Sinceconcretecansupportlittleornotension,this
problemcanbeavoidedbyusingwiresorrodstoprestress
theconcreteonceitisformed.Considerthesimply
supportedbeamshown,whichhasarectangularcross
16in.
A
sectionof18in.by12in.Ifconcretehasaspecificweightof
4ft
150lb>ft ,determinetherequiredtensioninrodAB,which
runsthroughthebeamsothatnotensilestressisdevelopedinthe
concreteatitscentersection aa. Neglectthesizeoftherodand
anydeflectionofthebeam.
SupportReactions:AsshownonFBD.
InternalForceandMoment:
+
T-N=0
N =T
: Fx = 0;
a + Mo = 0;
M + T(7) - 900(24) = 0
M = 21600 - 7T
SectionProperties:
A = 18(12) = 216in
I=
(12)A18 B = 5832in
12
NormalStress:RequiressA=0
N
Mc
A + I
0= - T + (21600-7T)(9)
sA = 0 =
216
5832
Ans.
T = 2160lb = 2.16kip
562
4ft
18in.
2in.
6in.6in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 563
839.SolveProb.838iftherodhasadiameterof0.5in.
UsethetransformedareamethoddiscussedinSec.6.6.
3
16in.
B 2in.
Est = 29110 2 ksi, Ec = 3.60110 2 ksi.

A
a
4ft
SupportReactions:AsshownonFBD.
SectionProperties:
n= E
=
3
st
29(10 )
E
A
con
= 8.0556
3.6(10 )
con
= (n - 1)Aat = (8.0556 - 1) a
b A0.5 B = 1.3854in
A = 18(12) + 1.3854 = 217.3854in
9(18)(12)+16(1.3854)
yA
y = A =
= 9.04461in.
217.3854
I= 1
3
2
2
(12)A18 B + 12(18)(9.04461 - 9) + 1.3854(16 - 9.04461)
12
= 5899.45in
InternalForceandMoment:
+
N=T
T-N=0
: Fx = 0;
a + Mo = 0;
M + T(6.9554) - 900(24) = 0
M = 21600 - 6.9554T
NormalStress:RequiressA=0
sA = 0= N
+ Mc
A
0=
I
-T
217.3854
+ (21600-6.9554T)(8.9554)
T = 2163.08lb = 2.16kip
5899.45
Ans.
563
4ft
18in.
6in.6in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 564
*840. Determinethestateofstressatpoint A when thebeamis

subjected to the cable force of 4 kN. Indicate the result as a
differentialvolumeelement.
4kN
250mm
G
A
375mm
B
2m
1m
0.75m
100mm
20mm
A
200mm
15mm
SupportReactions:
4(0.625)-Cy(3.75)=0
a + MD = 0;
150mm
Cy = 0.6667kN
+
Cx - 4 = 0
Cx = 4.00kN
: Fx = 0;
InternalForcesandMoment:
+
4.00-N=0
N = 4.00kN
: Fx = 0;
+ c Fy = 0;
V - 0.6667 = 0
a + Mo = 0;
V = 0.6667kN
M = 0.6667kN # m
M - 0.6667(1) = 0
SectionProperties:
-3
A = 0.24(0.15) - 0.2(0.135) = 9.00 A10
B m2
I = 12 (0.15) A0.24 B - 12 (0.135) A0.2 B = 82.8 A10
-6
B m4
QA = yA = 0.11(0.15)(0.02) + 0.05(0.1)(0.015)
-3
= 0.405 A10
B m3
NormalStress:
N
s =A
My
; I
sA = 4.00(103)
0.6667(10 )(0)
82.8(10
-3
9.00(10 )
= 0.444MPa(T)
- 6)
Ans.
ShearStress:Applyingshearformula.
tA =VQA
It
0.6667(10 ) 0.405(10 - 3)
=
= 0.217MPa
-6
82.8(10 )(0.015)
D
Ans.
564
20mm
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 565
841. Determinethestateofstressatpoint B when thebeamis
4kN
subjected to the cable force of 4 kN. Indicate the result as a

differentialvolumeelement.
250mm
G
A
375mm
B
2m
C
1m
0.75m
100mm
150mm
Cy = 0.6667kN
Cx - 4 = 0
Cx = 4.00kN
: Fx = 0;
+
4.00-N=0
N = 4.00kN
: Fx = 0;
V - 0.6667 = 0
+ c Fy = 0;
a + Mo = 0;
200mm
4(0.625)-Cy(3.75)=0
15mm
SupportReactions:
a + MD = 0;
20mm
V = 0.6667kN
M - 0.6667(1) = 0
M = 0.6667kN # m
SectionProperties:
-3
A = 0.24(0.15) - 0.2(0.135) = 9.00 A10
B m2
-6
I = 12 (0.15) A0.24 B - 12 (0.135) A0.2 B = 82.8 A10
Bm
QB = 0
NormalStress:
N
s =A
My
; I
sB = 4.00(103)
-3
9.00(10 )
0.6667(10 )(0.12)
-6
82.8(10 )
Ans.
= - 0.522MPa = 0.522MPa(C)
ShearStress:SinceQB=0,then
Ans.
tB = 0
565
20mm
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 566
842. The bar has a diameter of 80 mm. Determine the stress

componentsthatactatpoint A andshowtheresultsonavolume
elementlocatedatthispoint.
200mm
300mm
A
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofbarsleftcutsegmentshowninFig.a,
Vy -
Fy = 0;
5a 3 b = 0
Vz + 5a 4 b = 0
Fz = 0;
5kN
V = 3kN
Vz = - 4kN
My = 0;
My + 5 a 4 b(0.3) = 0
Mz = 0;
Mz + 5 a3 b(0.3) = 0
My = - 1.2kN # m
Mz = - 0.9kN # m
Iy = I t =
-6
(0.04 )=0.64(10 )pm
ReferringtoFig.b,
(Qy)A=0
4(0.04) p
(Qz)A=zA =
3p
-6
(0.04 )d = 42.67(10 )m
Thenormalstressiscontributedbybendingstressonly.Thus,
s = - Mz y + My z
Iz
ForpointA,y= -0.04mandz=0.Then
s= -
- 0.9(10 )( - 0.04)
+0
= - 17.90(10 )Pa = 17.9MPa(C)
Ans.
0.64(10
- 6)p
ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
Ans.
AtxyBv = Vy(Qy)A = 0
Iz t
AtxzBv = Vz(Qz)A = 4(103)C42.67(10-6)D

Iy t
-6
0.64(10 )p(0.08)
Ans.
= 1.061(10 )Pa = 1.06MPa
ThestateofstressforpointAcanberepresentedbythevolumeelementshowninFig.c,
566
5
4
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 567
842.Continued
567
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 568
843.Thebarhasadiameterof80mm.Determinethestress
componentsthatactatpointBandshowtheresults
onavolumeelementlocatedatthispoint.
200mm
300mm
A
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofbarsleftcutsegmentshowninFig.a,
Vy - 5a 3b = 0
Fy = 0;
5kN
Vz + 5a 4 b = 0
V = - 4kN
z
My + 5 a 4 b(0.3) = 0
My = 0;
My = - 1.2kN # m
Mz + 5 a 3 b(0.3) = 0
Mz = 0;
Mz = - 0.9kN # m
Iy = I z =
-6
(0.04 )=0.64(10 )pm
ReferringtoFig.b,
AQyBB = A = c 4(0.04) d c p (0.042)d = 42.67(10- 6)m3

y
3p
A Q zB B = 0
Thenormalstressiscontributedbybendingstressonly.Thus,
s = - Mz y
Iz
Myz
+
Iy
ForpointB,y=0andz=0.04m.Then
s= -0+
- 1.2(10 )(0.04)
-6
0.64(10 )p
Ans.
= - 23.87(10 )Pa = 23.9MPa(C)

ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
AtxyBv = Vy(Qy)B = 3(103)C42.67(10-6)D

Iz t
V = 3kN
Fz = 0;
-6
0.64(10 )p(0.08)
Ans.
= 0.7958(10 )MPa = 0.796MPa
568
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 569
843.Continued
AtxzBv = Vz (Qz)B
=0
Ans.
It
y
ThestateofstressforpointBcanberepresentedbythevolumeelementshownin
Fig.c
569
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 570
6kip
*844.DeterminethenormalstressdevelopedatpointsAandB.
Neglecttheweightoftheblock.
3in.
12kip
ReferringtoFig.a,
Fx = (FR)x;
My = (MR)y;
- 6 - 12 = F
6in.
F = - 18.0kip
My = - 9.00kip # in
6(1.5)-12(1.5)=My
Mz = 18.0kip # in
12(3)-6(3)=Mz
Thecrosssectionalareaandmomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxesofthecross
Mz = (MR)z;
sectionare
A = 6(3) = 18in
3
4
Iy = 1 (6)(3) =13.5in
12
3
4
Iz = 1 (3)(6 )=54.0in
12
s=
F - Mz y + My z
A
ForpointA,y=3in.andz= -1.5in.
sA = - 18.0 - 18.0(3)
18.0
+ - 9.00( - 1.5)
54.0
13.5
Ans.
= - 1.00ksi = 1.00ksi(C)
ForpointB,y=3inandz=1.5in.
sB = - 18.0 - 18.0(3) + - 9.00(1.5)
18.0
54
13.5
Ans.
= - 3.00ksi = 3.00ksi(C)
570
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 571
6kip
845.Sketchthenormalstressdistributionactingoverthe
crosssectionatsectionaa.Neglecttheweightoftheblock.
3in.
12kip
6in.
a
B
a
ReferringtoFig.a,
Fx = (FR)x;
- 6 - 12 = FF = - 18.0kip
My = (MR)y;
6(1.5)-12(1.5)=My
Mz = (MR)z;
12(3)-6(3)=Mz
My = - 9.00kip # in
Mz = 18.0kip # in
Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxesofthecrosssection
are
A = 3(6) = 18.0in
Iy = 12 (6)(3 ) = 13.5in
Iz = 12 (3)(6 ) = 54.0in
s= F
- Mz y + My z
ForpointA,y=3in.andz= -1.5in.
s = - 18.0
A
18.0
- 18.0(3) + - 9.00( - 1.5)

54.0
13.5
= - 1.00ksi = 1.00ksi(C)
ForpointB,y=3in.andz=1.5in.
sB = - 18.0
18.0
- 18.0(3) + - 9.00(1.5)
54.0
13.5
= - 3.00ksi = 3.00ksi(C)
571
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 572
-18.0(-3)54.0
845.Continued
ForpointC,y= -3in.andz=1.5in.
- 18.0
s =
C
- 9.00(1.5)
+
18.0
13.5
= - 1.00ksi = 1.00ksi(C)
ForpointD,y= -3in.andz= - 1.5in.
sD = - 18.0
- 18.0(-3) + - 9.00( - 1.5)
18.0
54.0
13.5
=1.00ksi(T)
ThenormalstressdistributionoverthecrosssectionisshowninFig.b
572
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 573
846. The support is subjected to the compressive load P.

Determine the absolute maximum and minimum normal stress
actinginthematerial.
SectionProperties:
w=a+x
A = a(a + x)
InternalForcesandMoment:AsshownonFBD.
NormalStress:
N
s=
=
Mc
A ; I
-P
;
a(a + x)
P
-1
=a Ba + x
P
0.5PxC2 (a+x)D
a
12
3x
;
(a+x)
3x
a Ba+x +
sA = -
(a+x)
(a+x)
P
4x+a
= - aB
2 R
(a+x)
P
-1
3x
R
B
+
+
sB =
+
(a x)2
a x
P
2x-a
= B
R
a (a+x)2
[1]
dsA = 0.
dx
2
(a+x) (4)-(4x+a)(2)(a+x)(1)
[2]
Inordertohavemaximumnormalstress,
PB
dsA
= -a
dx
(a+x)
R=0
(2a-4x)=0
P
3
a(a + x)
Since
Z 0,then
P
3
a(a + x)
2a-4x=0
x = 0.500a
573
I = 12 (a)(a + x) = 12 (a + x)
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 574
846.Continued
SubstitutingtheresultintoEq.[1]yields
P
smax = -
4(0.500a)+a
B
(a+0.5a)
= - 1.33P = 1.33P (C)

2
Inordertohaveminimumnormalstress,
PB
dsB
dsB = 0.
dx
(a+x) (2)-(2x-a)(2)(a+x)(1)
dx = a
(a+x)
Ans.
R=0
(4a-2x)=0
3
a(a + x)
Since
Z 0,then
3
a(a + x)
4a-2x=0
x = 2a
P
2(2a)-a
= a B (a+2a)2 R =
min
P
3a
Ans.
(T)
574
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 575
847. The support is subjected to the compressive load P.

Determinethemaximumandminimumnormalstressactinginthe
material.Allhorizontalcrosssectionsarecircular.
P
r
SectionProperties:
d = 2r + x
A = p(r + 0.5x)
I = p (r+0.5x)4
4
InternalForceandMoment:AsshownonFBD.
NormalStress:
N ; Mc
s=
I
P
; 0.5Px(r+0.5x)
p(r + 0.5x)
4(r+0.5)
P
1
= p B
2
(r+0.5x)
2x
(r+0.5x)
P
1
-pB
2
(r+0.5x)
sA =
P
=
2x
(r+0.5x)
r + 2.5x
(r+0.5x)
P
1
sB = p B (r+0.5x)2
P
[1]
2x
(r+0.5x)
1.5x-r
[2]
R
(r+0.5x)
dsA
Inordertohavemaximumnormalstress,
dsA
dx
= -
p B
(r+0.5x)
P
p(r + 0.5x)
P
p(r + 0.5x)
= 0.
(r+0.5x) (2.5)-(r+2.5x)(3)(r+0.5x) (0.5)
Since
dx
R=0
(r-2.5x)=0
Z 0,then
4
r - 2.5x = 0
x = 0.400r
P
s
max
r+2.5(0.400r)
B
p [r+0.5(0.400r)]3
=
- 0.368P
r2
Ans.
0.368P (C)
r2
575
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 576
847.Continued
Inordertohaveminimumnormalstress,
P
dsB
dx
p(r + 0.5x)
R=0
(r+0.5x)
P
Since
(r+0.5x) (1.5)-(1.5x-r)(3)(r+0.5x) (0.5)

B
= 0.
dsB
dx
(3r-1.5x)
=0
Z 0,then
p(r + 0.5x)
3r-1.5x=0
x = 2.00r
P
s
min
1.5(2.00r)-r
0.0796P
=p B
3 R=
[r+0.5(2.00r)]
Ans.
(T)
*848.Theposthasacircularcrosssectionofradiusc.Determine
themaximumradiuseatwhichtheloadcanbeappliedsothatno
partofthepostexperiencesatensilestress.Neglecttheweightof
thepost.
c
e
RequiresA=0
sA = 0 =
P
A
+ Mc
I
0= - P + (Pe)c
;
pc2
p
4
Ans.
e= c
4
576
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 577
500mm
849.Ifthebabyhasamassof5kgandhiscenterof
massisatG,determinethenormalstressatpointsAandB
onthecrosssectionoftherodatsectionaa.Therearetwo
rods,oneoneachsideofthecradle.
15
G
a
75mm
a
6mm
AB
Sectionaa
SectionProperties:Thelocationoftheneutralsurfacefromthecenterofcurvatureofthe
rod,Fig.a,canbedeterminedfrom
R=
dA
Lr
A
-6
whereA=pA0.006 B=36pA10 Bm
dA = 2pr - 2r2 - c2 = 2p0.081

LA r
Thus,
20.081 - 0.006 = 1.398184 A10
-6
R=
36pA10 B
1.398184
10-
B = 0.080889m
Then
-3
e = r - R = 0.081 - 0.080889 = 0.111264 A10
Bm
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramofthecradles
uppersegment,Fig.b,
+ c Fy = 0;
- 5(9.81) - 2N = 0
N = - 24.525N
a + MO = 0;
5(9.81)(0.5+0.080889)-2M=0
M = 14.2463N # m
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s = N + M(R - r) A
Aer
Here,M= -14.1747(negative)sinceittendstoincreasethecurvatureoftherod.ForpointA,r=rA=
0.075m.Then,
sA =
- 24.525
-6
- 14.2463(0.080889 - 0.075)
-6
36pA10 B
-3
36pA10 B(0.111264)A 10 B(0.075)

Ans.
= - 89.1MPa = 89.1MPa(C)
ForpointB,r=rB=0.087m.Then,
sB =
- 24.525
-6
36pA10 B
- 14.2463(0.080889 - 0.087)
-6
-3
36pA10 B(0.111264)A 10 B(0.087)

Ans.
= 79.3kPa(T)
5 = 0.055786
L dA =
A
0.25ln
577
-3
Bm
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 578
1in.
850.TheCclampappliesacompressivestressonthecylindrical
blockof80psi.Determinethemaximumnormal
stressdevelopedintheclamp.
4in.
4.5in.
0.75in.
1(0.25)
A
R = 1dA
r
0.055786
= 4.48142
P = sbA = 80p (0.375) = 35.3429lb
M = 35.3429(8.98142) = 317.4205lb # in.

s=
M(R - r)
Ar( r - R)
(st)max=
317.4205(4.48142-4)
(1)(0.25)(4)(4.5-4.48142)
(sc)max=
317.4205(4.48142-5)
1(0.25)(5)(4.5-4.48142)
+ P
A
+ 35.3429 = 8.37ksi
(1)(0.25)
+ 35.3429 = - 6.95ksi
(1)(0.25)
578
Ans.
0.25in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 579
851. A post having the dimensions shown is subjected to the

bearingloadP.Specifytheregiontowhichthisloadcanbeapplied
withoutcausingtensilestresstobedevelopedatpointsA,B,C,and
D.
x
z
a
EquivalentForceSystem:AsshownonFBD.
SectionProperties:
A = 2a(2a) + 2 B 1 (2a)aR=6a2
2
3
3
Iz = 1 (2a)(2a) + 2B 1 (2a)a + 1 (2a)aaa
12
= 5a
36
a
+ 3 b2 R
Iy = 1
(2a)(2a)
+ 2B 1
12
(2a)a
+ 1 (2a)aa a 2
b R
36
=5
3
a4
NormalStress:
N
Mz y
s =A
-P
=
Iz
Iy
Pe z
Peyy
-
6a
= P
30a
My z
5a
5 4
3 a
A- 5a2 - 6eyy + 18ez zB
AtpointAwherey= -aandz=a,werequiresA60.
07
C- 5a2 - 6( - a) ey + 18(a) ezD

4
30a
07 -5a+6ey+18ez
When
When
Ans.
6ey+18ez65a
e 6 5a
ez = 0,
ey = 0,
e 6
z
5a
18
Repeatthesameproceduresforpoint B,C and D.Theregionwhere P canbeapplied

withoutcreatingtensilestressatpointsA,B,CandDisshownshadedinthediagram.
579
A
B
D
a
ez
ey
C
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 580
300lb
*852.Thehookisusedtolifttheforceof600lb.
300lb
Determinethemaximumtensileandcompressivestresses
atsectionaa.Thecrosssectioniscircularandhasa
diameterof1in.Usethecurvedbeamformulatocompute
thebendingstress.
2.5in.a
a
1.5in.
SectionProperties:
r = 1.5 + 0.5 = 2.00in.
dA
Lr
= 2pAr - 2r - c B
600lb
2
= 2pA2.00 - 22.00 - 0.5 B
= 0.399035in.
2
A = pA0.5 B = 0.25p in
A
R=1
dA
0.25p
0.399035 = 1.968246in.
r - R = 2 - 1.968246 = 0.031754in.
InternalForceandMoment:AsshownonFBD.Theinternalmomentmustbecomputedabouttheneutral
axis.M=1180.95lb in.ispositivesinceittendstoincreasethebeamsradiusofcurvature.
NormalStress:Applyingthecurvedbeamformula.
Fortensilestress
(st)max=
M(R - r1)
+
r - R)
+
600
1180.95(1.968246-1.5)
0.25p
Ar1 (
0.25p(1.5)(0.031754)
Ans.
= 15546psi = 15.5ksi(T)
Forcompressivestress,
N
M(R - r2)
(sc)max= A
Ar2 ( r - R)
600 + 1180.95(1.968246-2.5)
0.25p
0.25p(2.5)(0.031754)
Ans.
= - 9308psi = 9.31ksi(C)
580
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 581
853. The masonry pier is subjected to the 800kN load.
800kN
Determinetheequationoftheliney=f1x2alongwhichtheload
canbeplacedwithoutcausingatensilestressinthepier.Neglect
theweightofthepier.
1.5m y
1.5m
2.25m
y
2.25m
x
C
A = 3(4.5) = 13.5m
Ix =
1 (3)(4.53) = 22.78125m4
12
Iy =
1 (4.5)(33)=10.125m4
12
NormalStress:RequiresA=0
P
sA =
My
+
Ix
My x
+
Iy
+
3
0= - 800(103)
800(10 )y(2.25)
13.5
22.78125
800(10 )x(1.5)
10.125
0=0.148x+0.0988y-0.0741
Ans.
y = 0.75 - 1.5 x
581
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 582
854.Themasonrypierissubjectedtothe800kNload.Ifx =
0.25 m and y = 0.5 m, determinethenormalstressat each
corner A, B, C, D (notshown)andplotthestressdistribution
overthecrosssection.Neglecttheweightofthepier.
A = 3(4.5) = 13.5m
800kN
1.5m y
1.5m
2.25m
y
2.25m
I = 1 (3)(4.5 ) = 22.78125m
x
C
12
I = 1 (4.5)(33) = 10.125m4
y
12
P
s=
= - 800(103) +
13.5
= 9.88kPa(T)
Mxy
A +
400(10 )(2.25)
Myx
+ I
+ 200(103)(1.5)
22.78125
10.125
Ans.
sB = - 800(103) + 400(103)(2.25)
13.5
22.78125
200(10 )(1.5)
10.125
Ans.
= - 49.4kPa = 49.4kPa(C)
sC = - 800(103) - 400(103)(2.25) + 200(103)(1.5)
13.5
22.78125
10.125
Ans.
= - 128kPa = 128kPa(C)
sD = - 800(103) - 400(103)(2.25) + 200(103)(1.5)
13.5
22.78125
10.125
Ans.
= - 69.1kPa = 69.1kPa(C)
582
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 583
855.Thebarhasadiameterof40mm.Ifitissubjectedto
thetwoforcecomponentsatitsendasshown,determine
thestateofstressatpointAandshowtheresultsona
x
100mm
differentialvolumeelementlocatedatthispoint.
150mm
z
A
500N
y
300N
Fx = 0;
Nx = 0
Fy = 0;
Vy + 300 = 0
Vy = - 300N
Fz = 0;
Vz - 500 = 0
V = 500N
z
Mx = 0;
Tx = 0
My = 0;
My - 500(0.15) = 0
My = 75.0N # m
Mz = 0;
Mz - 300(0.15) = 0
Mz = 45.0N # m
SectionProperties:
2
-3
A = pA0.02 B = 0.400 A10
B p m2
-9
Ix = Iy = 4 A0.02 B = 40.0 A10

J = p A0.024 B
-9
B p m4
= 80.0 A10 B p m
(QA)z=0
(QA)y=
4(0.02) c 1
3p
NormalStress:
s=
sA = 0 -
-6
B m3
N
A
pA0.02 B d = 5.333 A10
Mzy + Myz
-
Iy
45.0(0)
-9
40.0(10 )p
= 11.9MPa(T)
75.0(0.02)
-9
40.0(10 )p
Ans.
ShearStress:Thetranverseshearstressinthezandydirectionscanbeobtained
VQ
.
usingtheshearformula,tV=
It
(txy)A= -tVy= -
-6
300C5.333(10 )D
-9
40.0(10 )p(0.04)
= - 0.318MPa
Ans.
Ans.
(txz)A=tVz=0
583
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 584
*856. SolveProb.855forpointB.
x
100mm
150mm
500N
y
300N
Fx = 0;
Nx = 0
Fy = 0;
Vy + 300 = 0
Vy = - 300N
Fz = 0;
Vz - 500 = 0
V = 500N
z
Mx = 0;
Tx = 0
My = 0;
My - 500(0.15) = 0
My = 75.0N # m
Mz = 0;
Mz - 300(0.15) = 0
Mz = 45.0N # m
SectionProperties:
2
-3
A = pA0.02 B = 0.400 A10
B p m2
-9
Ix = Iy = 4 A0.02 B = 40.0 A10
-9
J = 2 A0.02 B = 80.0 A10
B p m4
B p m4
(QB)y=0
-6
2
3
4(0.02) c 1
(QB)z=
pA0.02 B d= 5.333 A10 B m
3p
NormalStrees:
s =N
A
Mz y + My z
- I
45.0(0.02)
sB = 0 -
75.0(0)
-9
-9
40.0(10 )p
40.0(10 )p
= - 7.16MPa = 7.16MPa(C)
Ans.
ShearStress:Thetranverseshearstressinthezandydirectionscanbeobtained
VQ
usingtheshearformula,tV=
.
It
-6
500C5.333(10 )D
(t ) = t =
xz B
Vz
-9
40.0(10 )p(0.04)
Ans.
Ans.
= 0.531MPa
(txy)B=tVy=0
584
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 585
857. The 2in.diameter rod is subjected to the loads shown.
DeterminethestateofstressatpointA,andshowtheresultsona
differentialelementlocatedatthispoint.
z
B
8in.xA
600lb
12in.
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDoftherightcutsegment,Fig.a,
Fz = 0;
Ny + 800 = 0
Vz + 600 = 0
Vz = - 600lb
Fx = 0;
Vx - 500 = 0
Vx = 500lb
My = 0;
Ty
Fy = 0;
Mz = 0;
- 600(12) = 0
Ty = 7200lb # in
Mz = - 13600lb # in
Mx = - 4800lb # in
Mx + 600(8) = 0
p
Ix = Iz = 4 (1 )= 4 in
J= p 4
p 4
(1 )=
in
2
800lb
Ny = - 800lb
Mz + 800(12) + 500(8) = 0
Mx = 0;
500lb
A = p(1 )=pin
ReferringtoFig.b,
4(1) p
(Qx)A=0
3p
(Qz)A=yA =
2 (1
)d=0.6667in
Thenormalstressiscontributedbyaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s= N
+ Mxz - Mzx
A
ForpointA,z=0andx=1in.
s = 800
- 4800(0)
- - 13600(1)
p>4
p>4
Ans.
= 17.57(10 )psi = 17.6ksi(T)

ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
7200(1)
TyC
(tyz)T
= 4.584(10 )psi = 4.584ksi T
p>2
J
ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointAis.
(tyz)g= Vz(Qz)A
= 600(0.6667) = 254.64psi = 0.2546ksi

p (2)
Ixt
V (Q )
(txy)g= x x A
Iz t
= 500(0) = 0
p (2)
4
585
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 586
857. Continued
Combiningthesetwoshearstresscomponents,
tyz = AtyzBT + AtyzBg
= 4.584+0.2546
= 4.838ksi=4.84ksi
Ans.
Ans.
txy = 0
ThestateofstressofpointAcanberepresentedbythevolumeelementshownin
Fig.c.
586
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 587
858. The 2in.diameter rod is subjected to the loads shown.

DeterminethestateofstressatpointB,andshowtheresultsona
differentialelementlocatedatthispoint.
z
B
8in.xA
600lb
12in.
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDoftherightcutsegment,Fig.a,
Fy = 0;
Ny + 800 = 0
Ny = - 800lb
Fz = 0;
Vz + 600 = 0
Vz = - 600lb
Fx = 0;
Vx - 500 = 0
Vx = 500lb
500lb
800lb
Ty = 7200lb # in
My = 0;
Ty - 600(12) = 0
Mz = 0;
Mz + 800(12) + 500(8) = 0 Mz = - 13600lb # in
Mx = 0;
Mx + 600(8) = 0
Mx = - 4800lb # in.
ThecrosssectionalareathemomentofinertiaaboutxandZaxesandpolarmomentofinertia
oftherodare
2
)=pin
A = p(1
= 4 (1 ) = 4 in
Ix = I z
J = 2 (1
)= 2 in
ReferringtoFig.b,
(Qz)B=0
(Qx)B=
A = 4(1) c p
z
3p
(1 )d
= 0.6667in
Thenormalstressiscontributedbyaxialandbendingstress.Thus,
s= N
+ Mxz - Mzx
Ix
Iz
ForpointB,x=0andz=1in.
s=
800 - 4800(1) + 13600(0)

p
p>4
p>4
= 5.86ksi(C)
ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
TC
7200(1)
(t ) =
xy T
p>2
4.584ksi :
= 4.584(103)psi =
ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointBis.
(txy)v=
Vx(Qx)B = 500(0.6667) = 212.21psi

It
z
(tyz)v= Vz(Qz)B
Ixt
= 600(0)
= 0.2122ksi :
(2)
=0
p (2)
4
587
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 588
858. Continued
xy
yz
= (txy)T + (txy)v
= 4.584+0.2122
= 4.796ksi=4.80ksi
Ans.
=0
Ans.
ThestateofstressofpointBcanberepresentedbythevolumeelementshownin
Fig.c.
588
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 589
859.IfP=60kN,
determinethemaximumnormal
2P
stressdevelopedonthecrosssectionofthecolumn.
15mm
150mm150mm
EquivalentForceSystem:ReferringtoFig.a,
+ c Fx = AFRBx;
- 60 - 120 = - F
F = 180kN
15mm
My = (MR)y;
- 60(0.075) = - My
My = 4.5kN # m
Mz = (MR)z;
- 120(0.25) = - Mz
Mz = 30kN # m
100mm
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxes
ofthecrosssectionare
A = 0.2(0.3) - 0.185(0.27) = 0.01005m
-3
Iz = 12 (0.2) A0.3 B - 12 (0.185) A0.27 B = 0.14655 A10
B m4
-6
Iy = 2 c12 (0.015) A0.2 B d + 12 (0.27) A0.015 B = 20.0759 A10
Bm4
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Here,Fisnegativesince
itisacompressiveforce.Also,MyandMzarenegativesincetheyaredirectedtowardsthenegativesense
oftheirrespectiveaxes.Byinspection,pointAissubjectedtoamaximumnormalstress.Thus,
N
s= A
Mzy
-
My z
+Iy
3
smax = sA = - 180 A10 B

0.01005
- C- 30 A103 B D( - 0.15)
-3
0.14655A10 B
+ C- 4.5 A103 B D(0.1)

-6
20.0759A10 B
Ans.
= - 71.0MPa = 71.0MPa(C)
589
100mm
75mm
P15mm
100mm
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 590
2P
*860. Determinethemaximumallowableforce P,ifthecolumnis

madefrommaterialhavinganallowablenormalstressofsallow =100
MPa.
15mm
EquivalentForceSystem:ReferringtoFig.a,
+ c Fx = (FR)x;
150mm
- P - 2P = - F
15mm
F = 3P
My = (MR)y;
100mm
- P(0.075) = - My
100mm
My = 0.075 P
Mz = (MR)z;
- 2P(0.25) = - Mz
Mz = 0.5P
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxes
ofthecrosssectionare
A = 0.2(0.3) - 0.185(0.27) = 0.01005m
-3
Iz = 12 (0.2) A0.3 B - 12 (0.185) A0.27 B = 0.14655 A10
B m4
-6
Iy = 2 c12 (0.15) A0.2 B d + 12 (0.27) A0.015 B = 20.0759 A10
B m4
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.Here,F
isnegativesinceitisacompressiveforce.Also,MyandMzarenegativesincetheyare
directedtowardsthenegativesenseoftheirrespectiveaxes.Byinspection,point A is
subjectedtoamaximumnormalstress,whichisincompression.Thus,
N
Mz y
My z
s=
- Iz
A
6
- 100 A10 B
= -
+ I
3P
- (-0.5P)(-0.15)
0.01005
150mm
-3
0.14655A10 B
+ - 0.075P(0.1)
-6
20.0759A10 B
Ans.
P = 84470.40N = 84.5kN
590
75mm
15mm
100mm
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 591
861.Thebeveledgearissubjectedtotheloadsshown.
Determinethestresscomponentsactingontheshaftat
pointA,andshowtheresultsonavolumeelementlocated
atthispoint.Theshafthasadiameterof1in.andisfixedto
A
C
thewallatC.
200lb
B
x
8in.
3in.
Fx = 0;
V = 125lb
x
- 125 = 0;
75lb
Fy = 0;
75-Ny=0;
Fz = 0;
Vz - 200 = 0;
Mx = 0;
200(8)-Mx=0;
My = 0;
Ty = 600lb # in.
200(3)-Ty=0;
M + 75(3) - 125(8) = 0;
M = 775lb # in.
z
z
Mz = 0;
2
Ny = 75lb
V = 200lb
z
M = 1600lb # in.
x
A = p(0.5 ) = 0.7854in
J = p (0.54)=0.098175in4
2
I= p
(0.5 )=0.049087in
(QA)x=0
(QA)z=
2
3
4(0.5) a 1
b(p)(0.5 ) = 0.08333in
3p
Ny
(sA)y= -
Mc
x
75
= -
1600(0.5)
0.7854
0.049087
Ans.
= 16202psi = 16.2ksi(T)
(tA)yx=(tA)V-(tA)twist
z
Tyc
V (Q )
=
It
125(0.08333)
=
0.049087(1)
600(0.5)
-
0.098175
Ans.
= - 2843psi = - 2.84ksi
(tA)yz=
Ans.
Vz(QA)x = 0
It
591
125lb
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 592
862.Thebeveledgearissubjectedtotheloadsshown.
Determinethestresscomponentsactingontheshaftat
pointB,andshowtheresultsonavolumeelementlocated
atthispoint.Theshafthasadiameterof1in.andisfixedto
thewallatC.
200lb
C
B
8in.
3in.
75lb125lb
Fx = 0;
Fy = 0;
Fz = 0;
- 125 = 0;
75-Ny=0;
- 200 = 0;
V = 125lb
x
Ny = 75lb
V = 200lb
z
M = 1600lb # in.
x
Mx = 0;
200(8)-Mx=0;
My = 0;
200(3)-Ty=0;
Mz = 0;
Mz + 75(3) - 125(8) = 0;
Ty = 600lb # in.
Mz = 775lb # in.
A = p(0.5 ) = 0.7854in
J= p
4
4
(0.5 )=0.098175in
2
I= p
(0.5 )=0.049087in
(QB)z=0
4(0.5) a 1
(QB)x=
3p
(sB)y= -
Ny + M z c
A
= -
b(p)(0.5 ) = 0.08333in
75
I
+ 775(0.5)
0.7854
0.049087
Ans.
= 7.80ksi(T)
(tB)yz=(tB)V+(tB)twist
= Vz(QB)x + Ty c
It
J
200(0.08333) + 600(0.5)
=
0.049087(1)
0.098175
Ans.
= 3395psi = 3.40ksi
(tB)yx=
Ans.
Vx (QB)z = 0
It
592
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 593
863.Theuniformsignhasaweightof1500lbandissupportedby
thepipe AB,whichhasaninnerradiusof2.75in.andanouter
radiusof3.00in.Ifthefaceofthesignissubjectedtoauniform
2
windpressureof p = 150lb>ft ,determinethestateofstressat
pointsCandD.Showtheresultsonadifferentialvolumeelement
locatedateachofthesepoints.Neglectthethicknessofthesign,
andassumethatitissupportedalongtheoutsideedgeofthepipe.
12ft
B
2
150lb/ft 6ft
E
3ft
F
D
A
z
y
x
SectionProperties:
2
A = pA3
- 2.75 B = 1.4375p in
Iy = I z =
A34 - 2.754 B = 18.6992in4
(QC)z=(QD)y=0
c
(QC)y=(QD)z=
4(3) 1
3p
= 4.13542in
(p)A3 Bd-
2
4(2.75) c 1
(p)A2.75 Bd
3p
3
J = 2 A3 - 2.75 B = 37.3984in
NormalStress:
s= NA Iz
M y
z
- 1.50 sC = 1.4375p
15.6ksi(T)
+ My z
(-64.8)(12)(0)
18.6992
+ 9.00(12)(2.75)
18.6992
Ans.
=
sD =
- 1.50 1.4375p
124ksi(T)
(-64.8)(12)(3)
18.6992
+ 9.00(12)(0)
18.6992
Ans.
ShearStress:Thetranverseshearstressinthezandydirectionsandthetorsional
shearstresscanbeobtainedusingtheshearformulaandthetorsionformula,
VQ
Tr
,respectively.
tV = It andttwist=
J
64.8(12)(3) = 62.4ksi
(t ) = t
xz D
twist
Ans.
37.3984
Ans.
(txy)D=tVy=0
593
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 594
863. Continued
(t ) = t - t
xy C
Vy
twist
10.8(4.13542)
18.6992(2)(0.25)
= - 52.4ksi
64.8(12)(2.75)
37.3984
Ans.
(txz)C=tVz=0
Ans.
InternalForcesandMoments:AsshownonFBD.
Fx = 0;
1.50+Nx=0
Nx = - 15.0kip
Fy = 0;
Vy - 10.8 = 0
Vy = 10.8kip
Fz = 0;
Vz = 0
Mx = 0;
Tx - 10.8(6) = 0
Tx = 64.8kip # ft
My = 0;
My - 1.50(6) = 0
My = 9.00kip # ft
Mz = 0;
10.8(6)+Mz=0
Mz = - 64.8kip # ft
594
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 595
*864. SolveProb.863forpointsEandF.
12ft
B
2
150lb/ft 6ft
E
3ft
F
D
A
z
y
x
InternalForcesandMoments:AsshownonFBD.
Fx = 0;
1.50+Nx=0
Nx = - 1.50kip
Fy = 0;
Vy - 10.8 = 0
Vy = 10.8kip
Fz = 0;
Vz = 0
Mx = 0;
Tx - 10.8(6) = 0
Tx = 64.8kip # ft
My = 0;
My - 1.50(6) = 0
My = 9.00kip # ft
Mz = 0;
10.8(6)+Mz=0
Mz = - 64.8kip # ft
SectionProperties:
2
A = pA3 - 2.75 B = 1.4375p in

Iy = I z = p
A34 - 2.754 B = 18.6992in4
4
(QC)z=(QD)y=0
c
4(3) 1
(QC)y=(QD)z=
3p
= 4.13542in
(p)A3 Bd-
4(2.75) 1
3p
J = 2 A3 - 2.75 B = 37.3984in
(p)A2.75 Bd
NormalStress:
N
s=A sF =
Mz y
- 1.50
1.4375p
My z
+ I
- (-64.8)(12)(0) + 9.00(12)(-3)
18.6992
= - 17.7ksi = 17.7ksi(C)
sE =
- 1.50
1.4375p
- (-64.8)(12)(-3)
18.6992
18.6992
Ans.
+ 9.00(12)(0)
18.6992
Ans.
= - 125ksi = 125ksi(C)
595
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 596
864. Continued
ShearStress:Thetranverseshearstressinthezandydirectionsandthetorsionalshear
stresscanbeobtainedusingtheshearformulaandthetorsionformula,
VQ
Tr
,respectively.
tV = It andttwist=
J
64.8(12)(3)
= - 62.4ksi
(txz)E= -t
= Ans.
twist
37.3984
(txy)E=tVy=0
(t ) = t + t
xy F
Vy
Ans.
twist
10.8(4.13542)
18.6992(2)(0.25)
= 67.2ksi
64.8(12)(3)
37.3984
Ans.
(txy)F=tVy=0
Ans.
596
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 597
865.DeterminethestateofstressatpointAonthe
crosssectionofthepipeatsectionaa.
0.75in.
B
y
50lb
1in.
Sectionaa
a
60
a
10in.
InternalLoadings:Referringtothefreebodydiagramofthepipesrightsegment,
Fig.a,
Fy = 0; Vy - 50sin60 = 0
Vy = 43.30lb
Fz = 0; Vz - 50cos60 = 0
Vz = 25lb
T = - 519.62lb # in
Mx = 0; T + 50sin60(12) = 0
My = 0; My - 50cos60(10) = 0
M = 250lb # in
y
Mz = 0; Mz + 50sin60(10) = 0
Mz = - 433.01lb # in
SectionProperties:Themomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxesandthepolar
momentofinertiaofthepipeare
= A 1 - 0.75
Iy = I z
J=
p
4
p A1 4
2
- 0.75
B = 0.53689in
4B
= 1.07379in
ReferringtoFig.b,
AQyBA = 0

y2A2 =
AQzBA = y1A1 -
4(1) p
c2
A1
Bd -
3p
3p
4(0.75) p
A0.75 B d =
0.38542in
NormalStress:Thenormalstressiscontributedbybendingstressonly.Thus,
s= -
Mz y + My z
Iz
ForpointA,y=0.75inandz=0.Then
Iy
Ans.
- 433.01(0.75) + 0 = 604.89psi = 605psi(T)
sA =
0.53689
ShearStress:ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
cA
B T dA
xz
= TrA = 519.62(0.75) = 362.93psi

J
1.07379
597
12in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 598
865. Continued
ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointAis
c AtxyBV d = 0
A
t
c A xzBV dA
VzAQzBA
25(0.38542)
=
= 35.89psi
0.53689(2-1.5)
Iy t
AtxyBA = 0
Ans.
AtxzBA = c AtxzBT d - c AtxzBV d

A
Ans.
= 362.93 - 35.89 = 327psi
598
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 599
866.DeterminethestateofstressatpointBonthecross
sectionofthepipeatsectionaa.
0.75in.
B
y
50lb
1in.
Sectionaa
a
60
a
10in.
InternalLoadings:Referringtothefreebodydiagramofthepipesrightsegment,
Fig.a,
Fy = 0; Vy - 50sin60 = 0
Vy = 43.30lb
Fz = 0; Vz - 50cos60 = 0
Vz = 25lb
T = - 519.62lb # in
Mx = 0; T + 50sin60(12) = 0
My = 0; My - 50cos60(10) = 0
My = 250lb # in
Mz = 0; Mz + 50sin60(10) = 0
Mz = - 433.01lb # in
SectionProperties:Themomentofinertiaabouttheyandzaxesandthepolar
momentofinertiaofthepipeare
Iy = Iz = 4 A1 - 0.75 B
= 0.53689in
4
4
J = 2 A1 - 0.75 B = 1.07379in
ReferringtoFig.b,
AQzBB = 0
2
p
AQyBB = y1A1 - y2A2 = 4(1)cp A1 B d 4(0.75) c A0.752 B d = 0.38542in3
3p
3p
NormalStress:Thenormalstressiscontributedbybendingstressonly.Thus,
s = - Mz y
Iz
+Myz
Iy
ForpointB,y=0andz= -1.Then
250(1)
s = -0+
B
0.53689
Ans.
= - 465.64psi = 466psi(C)
ShearStress:ThetorsionalshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
= TrC = 519.62(1) = 483.91psi
t
c A xyBT dB
J
1.07379
599
12in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 600
866. Continued
ThetransverseshearstressdevelopedatpointBis
c AtxzBV d = 0
B
= VyAQyBB = 43.30(0.38542) = 62.17psi

t
c A xyBV dB
Iz t
0.53689(2-1.5)
AtxyBB = c AtxyBT d - c AtxyBV d

B
= 483.91-62.17=422psi
Ans.
AtxzBB = 0
Ans.
600
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 601
867.TheeccentricforcePisappliedatadistanceeyfrom
thecentroidontheconcretesupportshown.Determinethe
rangealongtheyaxiswherePcanbeappliedonthecross
sectionsothatnotensilestressisdevelopedinthematerial.
2h
h
3
InternalLoadings:Asshownonthefreebodydiagram,Fig.a.
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandmomentofinertiaaboutthezaxisofthe
triangularconcretesupportare
A = 1 bh
1 bh3
Iz =
36
NormalStress:Thenormalstressisthecombinationofaxialandbendingstress.
Thus,
Mz y
s=
A -
s=
-P -
APeyBy
1 bh
2
36
I
z
s= -
2P
bh
bh
(1)
Ah2 + 18eyyB
h
Here,itisrequiredthatsA0andsB0.ForpointA,y=
,Then.Eq.(1)gives
0 - 2P ch2 + 18e a h b d
y
bh
0h +6hey
ey - 6
ForPointB,y= - 3h.Then.Eq.(1)gives
2P
0 -
3ch
+18eya- hb dbh 3
0h -12hey
e
y
12
Thus,inorderthatnotensilestressbedevelopedintheconcretesupport,eymustbeintherangeof
Ans.
- h ey h
6
12
601
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 602
*868. Thebarhasadiameterof40mm.Ifitissubjected toa

forceof800Nasshown,determinethestresscomponentsthatact
atpointAandshowtheresultsonavolumeelementlocatedatthis
point.
-6
I = 4 p r = 4 (p)(0.02 ) = 0.1256637(10 )m
2
-3
A = p r = p(0.02 ) = 1.256637(10 )m
150mm
200mm
4(0 .02)
p (0 .02)
QA = yA = a 3p b a 2 2 b = 5.3333(10- 6)m3
B
y
x
30
sA = A
P Mz
+
800N
400
tA = VQA
It
869.
Ans.
+0=0.318MPa
1.256637(10- 3)
= 0.735MPa
-6
692.82(5.3333)(10 )
Ans.
-6
0.1256637(10 )(0.04)
SolveProb.868forpointB.
150mm
200mm
A
B
y
x
30
1
1
4
4
-6
4
I = 4 p r = 4 (p)(0.02 ) = 0.1256637(10 )m
2
-3
A = p r = p(0.02 ) = 1.256637(10 )m
QB = 0
sB = P
A
- Mc
I
400
-3
1.256637(10 )
138.56(0.02) = - 21.7MPa
Ans.
-6
0.1256637(10 )
Ans.
tB = 0
602
800N
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 603
3
870.The4 in.diametershaftissubjectedtotheloading
shown.DeterminethestresscomponentsatpointA.Sketch
125lb
theresultsonavolumeelementlocatedatthispoint.The
2in.
journalbearingatCcanexertonlyforcecomponentsCy
8in.
125lb
andCzontheshaft,andthethrustbearingatDcanexert
2in.
forcecomponentsDx,Dy,andDzontheshaft.
A
8in.
B
20in.
10in.
20in.
A=
(0.75 )=0.44179in
I = p (0.3754) = 0.015531in4
4
Ans.
QA = 0
tA = 0
sA =
Ans.
- 1250(0.375)
My c
=
= - 30.2ksi = 30.2ksi(C)
0.015531
871. SolveProb.870forthestresscomponentsatpointB.
125lb
2in.
8in.
125lb
2in.
A
B
10in.
x
A= p
2
2
(0.75 ) = 0.44179in
4
I = p (0.3754)=0.015531in4
4
4(0.375)
QB = yA =
3p
1
2
a2 b(p)(0.375 )
= 0.035156in
sB = 0
Ans.
tB = VzQB = 125(0.035156) = 0.377ksi
Ans.
It
0.015531(0.75)
603
20in.
8in.
20in.
08 Solutions 46060
5/28/10
8:34 AM
Page 604
80lb
*872.Thehookissubjectedtotheforceof80lb.Determinethe
stateofstressatpointAatsectionaa.Thecrosssectioniscircular
and has a diameter of 0.5 in. Use the curvedbeam formula to
computethebendingstress.
1.5in.
Thelocationoftheneutralsurfacefromthecenterofcurvatureofthehook,Fig.a,canbedeterminedfrom
45
A
A
B
Ba
R=
dA
whereA=p(0.25 )=0.0625pin
dA
= 2pAr - 2r - c B = 2pA1.75 -
21.75 - 0.25 B = 0.11278in.
Thus,
0.0625p
R = 0.11278 = 1.74103in.
Then
e = r - R = 1.75 - 1.74103 = 0.0089746in.
ReferringtoFig.b,IandQAare
-3
I = 4 (0.25 ) = 0.9765625(10 )p in
QA = 0
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofthehookscutsegment,Fig.c,
+
; Fx = 0;
N - 80cos45 = 0
N = 56.57lb
+ c Fy = 0;
80sin45-V=0
V = 56.57lb
a + Mo = 0;
M - 80cos45(1.74103) = 0
M = 98.49lb # in
s= N
A
+ M(R - r)
Ae r
Here,M=98.49lb#insinceittendstoreducethecurvatureofthehook.ForpointA,r
=1.5in.Then
s = 56.57 + (98.49)(1.74103-1.5)
0.0625p
0.0625p(0.0089746)(1.5)
Ans.
=
3
9.269(10 )psi=9.27ksi(T)
Theshearstressincontributedbythetransverseshearstressonly.Thus
= VQA =
t
It
Ans.
ThestateofstreesofpointAcanberepresentedbytheelementshowninFig.d.
604
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 605
80lb
873. Thehookissubjectedtotheforceof80lb. Determinethe
stateofstressatpoint B atsection aa.Thecrosssectionhasa

diameterof0.5in.Usethecurvedbeamformulatocomputethe
bendingstress.
1.5in.
Thelocationoftheneutralsurfacefromthecenterofcurvatureofthethehook,Fig.a,canbedeterminedfrom
45
A
A
B
R=
WhereA=p(0.25 )=0.0625pin
dA
dA
= 2p Ar - 2r - c B = 2p A1.75
- 21.752
- 0.25 B = 0.11278in.
Thus,
0.0625p
R = 0.11278 = 1.74103in
Then
e = r - R = 1.75 - 1.74103 = 0.0089746in
ReferringtoFig.b,IandQBarecomputedas
-3
I = 4 (0.25 ) = 0.9765625(10 )p in
QB =
A = 4(0.25) c p
3p
(0.25 )d=0.0104167in
ConsidertheequilibriumoftheFBDofthehookscutsegment,Fig.c,
+
; Fx = 0;
+ c Fy = 0;
a + Mo = 0;
N - 80cos45 = 0
N = 56.57lb
80sin45-V=0
V = 56.57lb
M - 80cos45(1.74103) = 0
M = 98.49lb # in
s = N + M(R - r) A
Ae r
Here,M=98.49lb#insinceittendstoreduce.thecurvatureofthehook.ForpointB,r
=1.75in.Then
56.57
s=
+ (98.49)(1.74103-1.75)
0.0625p
0.0625p(0.0089746)(1.75)
Ans.
= 1.62psi(T)
Theshearstressiscontributedbythetransverseshearstressonly.Thus,
t = VQB =
It
56.57(0.0104167)
Ans.
= 3.84psi
-3
0.9765625(10 )p(0.5)
ThestateofstressofpointBcanberepresentedbytheelementshowninFig.d.
605
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 606
874. The block is subjected to the three axial loads shown.

DeterminethenormalstressdevelopedatpointsAandB.Neglect
theweightoftheblock.
100lb
250lb
50lb
4in.
5in.
2in.
2in.
3in.
5in.
Mx = - 250(1.5) - 100(1.5) + 50(6.5) = - 200lb # in.

My = 250(4) + 50(2) - 100(4) = 700lb # in.
1 (4)(133)+2a 1 b(2)(33) = 741.33in4
Ix =
12
Iy =
12
1 (3)(83)
1 b(5)(43) = 181.33in4
2a 12
12
A = 4(13) + 2(2)(3) = 64in

s= P
A
sA = -
- My x + Mx y
Iy
Ix
400
700(4) + - 200( - 1.5)
64
181.33
741.33
Ans.
= - 21.3psi
sB = -
400
- 700(2) + - 200( - 6.5)
64
181.33
741.33
Ans.
= - 12.2psi
606
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 607
875.The20kgdrumissuspendedfromthehookmountedonthe
woodenframe.DeterminethestateofstressatpointEonthecross
section of the frame at section aa. Indicate the results on an
element.
50mm
25mm
E
75mm
Sectionaa
0.5m0.5m
1m
B
C
a
1m
30
1m
SupportReactions:ReferringtothefreebodydiagramofmemberBC
showninFig.a,
a + MB = 0;
F sin45(1) - 20(9.81)(2) = 0
F = 554.94N
: Fx = 0;
554.94cos45-Bx=0
Bx = 392.4N
+ c Fy = 0;
554.94sin45-20(9.81)-By=0
By = 196.2N
75mm
1m
25mm
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramof
Sectionbb
therightsegmentshowninFig.b.
N - 392.4 = 0
N = 392.4N
+ c Fy = 0;
V - 196.2 = 0
V = 196.2N
a + MC = 0;
196.2(0.5)-M=0
: Fx = 0;
M = 98.1N # m
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaofthecrosssection
are
-3
A = 0.05(0.075) = 3.75 A10
B m2
-6
I = 12 (0.05) A0.075 B = 1.7578 A10
B m4
ReferringtoFig.c,QEis
-6
QE = yA = 0.025(0.025)(0.05) = 3.125 A10
B m3
Thus,
s =N
My
;
A
I
ForpointA,y=0.0375-0.025=0.0125m.Then
392.4
sE =
+ 98.1(0.0125) = 802kPa
-3
Ans.
-6
3.75A10 B
1.7578A10 B
ShearStress:Theshearstressiscontributedbytransverseshearstressonly.Thus,
-6
tE = VQA =196.2C31.25A10 B D = 69.8kPa
Ans.
It
-6
1.7578A10 B(0.05)
ThestateofstressatpointEisrepresentedontheelementshowninFig.d.
607
75mm
08 Solutions 46060
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Page 608
875. Continued
608
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 609
*876. The20kgdrumissuspendedfromthehookmountedon
thewoodenframe.DeterminethestateofstressatpointF onthe
crosssectionoftheframeatsectionbb.Indicatetheresultsonan
element.
50mm
25mm
E
75mm
Sectionaa
0.5m0.5m
1m
B
C
a
1m
30
1m
a + MA = 0;
FBD sin30(3) - 20(9.81)(2) = 0
+ c Fy
= 0;
Ay - 261.6cos30 - 20(9.81) = 0
Ay = 422.75N
= 0;
Ax - 261.6sin30 = 0
Ax = 130.8N
+
: Fx
= 0;
130.8-V=0
V = 130.8N
= 0;
422.75-N=0
N = 422.75N
130.8(1)-M=0
M = 130.8N # m
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalareaandthemomentofinertiaaboutthe
centroidalaxisofthecrosssectionare
-3
A = 0.075(0.075) = 5.625 A10
B m2
1
I=
-6
3
4
12(0.075)A0.075 B=2.6367A10 Bm
ReferringtoFig.c,QEis
QF = yA
-6
= 0.025(0.025)(0.075) = 46.875 A10
B m3
Thus,
s=
N ; My
A
I
ForpointF,y=0.0375-0.025=0.0125m.Then
sF =
- 422.75
- 130.8(0.0125)
-3
2.6367A10 B
5.625A10 B
25mm
: Fx
a + MC = 0;
Sectionbb
cutsegment,Fig.b,
+ c Fy
75mm
FBD = 261.6N
InternalLoadings:Considertheequilibriumofthefreebodydiagramofthelower
75mm
1m
SupportReactions:Referringtothefreebodydiagramoftheentireframe
showninFig.a,
-6
Ans.
= - 695.24kPa = 695kPa(C)
609
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8:34 AM
Page 610
876. Continued
ShearStress:Theshearstressiscontributedbytransverseshearstressonly.Thus,
-6
130.8c46.875A10 Bd
VQA
=
= 31.0kPa
-6
2.6367A10 B(0.075)
ThestateofstressatpointAisrepresentedontheelementshowninFig.d.
tA =
It
610
Ans.
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 611
50lb
877.Theeyeissubjectedtotheforceof50lb.Determine
themaximumtensileandcompressivestressesatsectiona-a.
Thecrosssectioniscircularandhasadiameterof0.25in.Use
thecurvedbeamformulatocomputethebendingstress.
0.25in.
1.25in.
a
SectionProperties:
= 1.25 + 0.25 = 1.375in.

r
L dA
A
= 2p Ar - 2r
-c B
= 2pA1.375 -
1.375 -0.125
= 0.035774in.
2
A = pA0.125 B = 0.049087in
A
0.049087
R = 1 dA = 0.035774 = 1.372153in.
A r
r - R = 1.375 - 1.372153 = 0.002847in.

InternalForceandMoment:AsshownonFBD.Theinternalmomentmustbecomputedaboutthe
neutralaxis.M=68.608lb inispositivesinceittendstoincreasethebeamsradiusofcurvature.
NormalStress:Applyingthecurvedbeamformula,Fortensilestress
N +
M(Rr1)
(st)max=
A
r - R)
Ar1(
50.0
=
68.608(1.372153-1.25)
+
0.049087
0.049087(1.25)(0.002847)
Ans.
= 48996psi = 49.0ksi(T)
Forcompressivestress
(sc)max=
M(R - r2)
Ar2( r - R)
50.0
=
0.049087
68.608(1.372153-1.50)
+
0.049087(1.50)(0.002847)
Ans.
= - 40826psi = 40.8ksi(C)
611
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 612
50lb
878.SolveProb.877ifthecrosssectionissquare,having
dimensionsof0.25in.by0.25in.
1.25in.
SectionProperties:
= 1.25 +0.25 = 1.375in.

r
2
L dA
A
1.5
r2
= bln r 1 = 0.25ln
1.25
= 0.45580in.
A = 0.25(0.25) = 0.0625in
A
R=
= 0.0625 = 1.371204in.
1 dA
A
0.045580
r - R = 1.375 - 1.371204 = 0.003796in.

InternalForceandMoment:AsshownonFBD.Theinternalmomentmustbecomputedabouttheneutral
axis.M=68.560lb in.ispositivesinceittendstoincreasethebeamsradiusofcurvature.
NormalStress:Applyingthecurvedbeamformula,Fortensilestress
N
M(R - r1)
+
(st)max= A
Ar1( r - R)
50.0
=
0.0625
68.560(1.371204-1.25)
+
0.0625(1.25)(0.003796)
Ans.
= 28818psi = 28.8ksi(T)
ForCompressivestress
N
M(R - r2)
+
(sc)max= A
Ar2 ( r - R)
50.0
=
0.0625
68.560(1.371204-1.5)
+
0.0625(1.5)(0.003796)
Ans.
= - 24011psi = 24.0ksi(C)
612
0.25in.
a
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 613
879. If the cross section of the femur at section aa can be

approximatedasacirculartubeasshown,determinethemaximum
normalstressdevelopedonthecrosssectionatsectionaadueto
theloadof75lb.
2in.
1in.
75lb
0.5in.
Sectionaa
InternalLoadings:Consideringtheequilibriumforthefreebodydiagramofthefemurs
uppersegment,Fig.a,
+ c Fy = 0;
N - 75 = 0
N = 75lb
a + MO = 0;
M - 75(2) = 0
M = 150lb # in
SectionProperties:Thecrosssectionalarea,themomentofinertiaaboutthecentroidalaxis
ofthefemurscrosssectionare
2
A = pA1 - 0.5 B = 0.75p in
I = 4 A1 - 0.5 B = 0.234375p in
s=
N
My
A+
I
Byinspection,themaximumnormalstressisincompression.
- 150(1) = - 236psi = 236psi(C)
- 75
max
0.75p
0.234375p
613
Ans.
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 614
*880.Thehydrauliccylinderisrequiredtosupporta
forceofP=100kN.Ifthecylinderhasaninnerdiameter
of100mmandismadefromamaterialhavinganallowable
normalstressofsallow=150MPa,determinetherequired
minimumthicknesstofthewallofthecylinder.
t
100mm
EquationofEquilibrium:Theabsolutepressuredevelopedinthehydraulic
cylindercanbedeterminedbyconsideringtheequilibriumofthefreebody
diagramofthepistonshowninFig.a.Theresultantforceofthepressureonthe
p
2
pistonisF=pA=pc 4A0.1 Bd=0.0025pp.Thus,
3
Fx = 0; 0.0025pp-100A10 B=0
6
p = 12.732 A10 B Pa
NormalStress:Forthecylinder,thehoopstressistwiceaslargeasthelongitudinalstress,
allow
= pr ;
t
t = 4.24mm
Since r
t
150A10 B
12.732A10 B(50)
t
Ans.
= 50 = 11.78 7 10,thinwallanalysisisvalid.
4.24
614
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8:34 AM
Page 615
881.Thehydrauliccylinder
hasaninnerdiameterof
100mmandwallthicknessoft
= 4mm.Ifitismadefrom
amaterialhavinganallowablenormalstressofsallow=150MPa,determinethe
maximumallowableforceP.
t
100mm
NormalStress:Forthehydrauliccylinder,thehoopstressistwiceaslargeasthelongitudinal
stress.
Since r = 50 = 12.5 7 10,thinwallanalysiscanbeused.
t
4
= pr ;
allow
6
150A10 B= p(50)
4
6
Ans.
p = 12 A10 B MPa
EquationofEquilibrium:Theresultantforceonthepistonis
F = pA = 12 A10 Bc
A0.1 B d = 30 A10 Bp.Referringtothefreebodydiagramof
thepistonshowninFig.a,4
3
Fx = 0; 30A10 Bp-P=0
3
P = 94.247 A10 BN = 94.2kN
Ans.
615
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8:34 AM
Page 616
882.Thescrewoftheclampexertsacompressiveforceof500lb
on the wood blocks. Determine the maximum normal stress
developed along section a- a. The cross section there is
rectangular,0.75in.by0.50in.
InternalForceandMoment:AsshownonFBD.
SectionProperties:
4in.
A = 0.5(0.75) = 0.375in
I = 12 (0.5) A0.75 B = 0.017578in
4
a
0.75in.
MaximumNormalStress:MaximumnormalstressoccursatpointA.
N
s
=s =
max A
Mc
+
A
I
= 500 + 2000(0.375)
0.375
0.017578
=44000psi=44.0ksi(T)
Ans.
883.Airpressureinthecylinderisincreasedbyexerting
forcesP=2kNonthetwopistons,eachhavingaradius
of45mm.Ifthecylinderhasawallthicknessof2mm,
47mm
determinethestateofstressinthewallofthecylinder.
P
p=
s1
s2
= 314380.13Pa
2(10 )
=
p(0.045 )
Ans.
= p r = 314380.13(0.045) = 7.07MPa
t
0.002
Ans.
=0
ThepressurePissupportedbythesurfaceofthepistonsinthelongitudinaldirection.
*884.
DeterminethemaximumforcePthatcanbe
exertedoneachofthetwopistonssothatthecircumferential
stresscomponentinthecylinderdoesnotexceed3MPa.
Eachpistonhasaradiusof45mmandthecylinderhasa
wallthicknessof2mm.
s=
pr;
t
47mm
6
3(10 )= p(0.045)
0.002
Ans.
P = 133.3kPa
3
Ans.
P = pA = 133.3 A10 B (p)(0.045) = 848N
616
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 617
885. The cap on the cylindrical tank is bolted to the tank
alongtheflanges.Thetankhasaninnerdiameterof1.5mand
awallthicknessof18mm.Ifthelargestnormalstressisnotto
exceed150MPa,determinethemaximumpressurethetankcan
sustain.Also,computethenumberofboltsrequiredtoattach
thecaptothetankifeachbolthasadiameterof20mm.The
allowablestressfortheboltsis1sallow2b = 180MPa.
r = 750 = 41.7
HoopStressforCylindricalTank:Since
t
7 10,thenthinwall
18
= pr
s =s
1 allow
t
6
150A10 B = p(750)
18
p = 3.60MPa
Ans.
ForceEquilibriumfortheCap:
+ c Fy = 0;
3.60A10 B CpA0.75 B D-Fb=0

Fb = 6.3617 A106 B N
AllowableNormalStressforBolts:
P
(s
) =
allow b A
6. 3617(106)
Dn
180A106B= C
p
4
(0.02 )
n = 112.5
Ans.
Usen=113bolts
617
08 Solutions 46060
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8:34 AM
Page 618
886.Thecaponthecylindricaltankisboltedtothetankalongthe
flanges. The tank has an inner diameter of 1.5 m and a wall
thicknessof18mm.Ifthepressureinthetankis p = 1.20MPa,
determinetheforceineachofthe16bolts thatareusedtoattach
thecaptothetank.Also,specifythestateofstressinthewallof
thetank.
HoopStressforCylindricalTank:Since
s1 = pr
= 1.20(106)(750)
750
t = 18 = 41.7
= 50.0MPa
7 10,thenthinwall
Ans.
18
Ans.
LongitudinalStressforCylindricalTank: = 25.0MPa
pr = 1.20(106)(750)
s2 =
2t
2(18)
ForceEquilibriumfortheCap:
6
+ c Fy = 0;1.20A10 B CpA0.75 B D-16Fb
=0
Ans.
Fb = 132536N = 133kN
618

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08 Solutions 46060

ro = 75in. + 0.5in. = 75.5in.

*84. Thetankoftheaircompressorissubjectedtoan internal

= 0.25 = 44 7 10,then thinwall

s1 = pr = 90(11) = 3960psi = 3.96ksi

= 90(11) = 1980psi = 1.98ksi

85. Thesphericalgastankisfabricatedbyboltingtogether two

A82 B d = 32pA106 B N.Thus,

86. Thesphericalgastankisfabricatedbybolting togethertwo

= 0.02667 = 150 7 10,thinwallanalysisisvalid.

(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=39.0625A10 BpN

- 25312.5 = 322 MPa

*88. Thegasstoragetankisfabricatedbyboltingtogether two

(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=122.72A10 BN

150A10 B= 3A10 B(2)

(Pb)allow=sallowAb=250A10 Bc 4A0.025 Bd=122.72A10 BN

T = Ffr = 2880p(2 + 0.125>12) = 18190lb # ft = 18.2kip # ft

P = N = 5760p = 18096lb = 18.1kip

F = Ff = 2880p = 9048lb = 9.05kip

B 28.0 A103 B = 2.69ksi

814. The ring, having the dimensions shown, is placed over a

However,sin u+cos u=1.Thisequationbecomes

817. In order to increase the strength of the pressure vessel,

= - 66.67(10 )Pa = 66.7MPa(C)(Max)

= 83.33(10 )Pa = 83.3MPa(T)(Min)

821. The coping saw has an adjustablebladethat is tightened

load of700 lb.

825. Thebearingpinsupportstheloadof700lb. Determinethe

30(10 )(0.05+ 2)( 2)

= 80 + 1200 = 1280psi = 1.28ksi

= 1200 - 80 = 1120psi = 1.12ksi

829. Thejointissubjectedtoaforceof P = 200lband F = 150

lb.Determinethestateofstressatpoints A and B andsketchthe

0.0078125 = - 1067psi = 1067psi(C)

I = 12 (0.6) A0.05 B = 6.25 A10

QA = yA = 0.01875(0.0125)(0.6) = 0.140625 A10

= - 20.0(10 )Pa = 20.0Mpa(C)

= 100(10 )Pa = 100MPa(T)

833. Thepliersaremadefromtwosteelpartspinned togetherat

A = 0.1(0.2)(0.2) = 4(10 )in

835. The wideflange beam is subjected to the loading shown.

A = 2(0.5)(4) + 6(0.5) = 7in

QB = A = 3.25(4)(0.5) + 2(2)(0.5) = 8.5in

*836. The drill is jammed in the wall and is subjected to the

Mz = 0; - 150 a 5 b(0.4) + 150 a 5b(0.125)

A0.0052 B d = 83.333 A10- 9 B m3

= 101.86 - 1.528 = 100.33MPa = 100MPa

Est = 29110 2 ksi, Ec = 3.60110 2 ksi.

A = 18(12) + 1.3854 = 217.3854in

*840. Determinethestateofstressatpoint A when thebeamis

A = 0.24(0.15) - 0.2(0.135) = 9.00 A10

I = 12 (0.15) A0.24 B - 12 (0.135) A0.2 B = 82.8 A10

841. Determinethestateofstressatpoint B when thebeamis

subjected to the cable force of 4 kN. Indicate the result as a

A = 0.24(0.15) - 0.2(0.135) = 9.00 A10

I = 12 (0.15) A0.24 B - 12 (0.135) A0.2 B = 82.8 A10

842. The bar has a diameter of 80 mm. Determine the stress

(0.04 )=0.64(10 )pm

= - 17.90(10 )Pa = 17.9MPa(C)

AtxzBv = Vz(Qz)A = 4(103)C42.67(10-6)D

= 1.061(10 )Pa = 1.06MPa

(0.04 )=0.64(10 )pm

AQyBB = A = c 4(0.04) d c p (0.042)d = 42.67(10- 6)m3

= - 23.87(10 )Pa = 23.9MPa(C)