Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Eng089
Due
Prewriting
You have learned of a cheating ring at
school that uses cell phones to give
test answers to students taking the
test. A few students in your math
class, who are also friends of yours,
think this is a great idea and are
planning to cheat on a test you will be
taking next week.
Review homework
Pg. 469 Review Practice 1
Pg. 473 Practice 1A
Pg. 476 Review Practice 1
Pg. 481 Practice 1 & Practice 2
Pg. 483 Practice 4A & Practice 5
pg. 484 Review Practice 1
https://youtu.be/Gyk55GYnGl0
Purpose
What is a cause?
What is an effect?
Patterns
Single cause produces several effects
Might discuss cause then effects or
effects then cause
I. Poor language skills
II. Body
A. Cant keep up with required
reading
B. Cant take adequate notes
C. Cant write competent papers
Patterns
Patterns
Causal Chain
II. Body
A. sleep late
B. miss breakfast
C. become hungry and distracted
D. perform poorly on exam
Patterns
Topic: accident
II. Body
A. causes of the accident
1. driver ran stop sign
2. Bushes and unlit headlights impaired
vision
3. Wet pavement caused skidding
B. Effects of the accident
1. missed the movie
2. Unnerved so missed classes next day
3. Other driver lost license
Reasoning Errors
Ignoring multiple causes
An effect rarely stems from a single
cause
Mistaking chronology for causation
Dont assume that just because one
event followed another that the first
necessarily caused the other
(chronology)
Confusing causes and effects
Pam and Paul married because they fell
in love; in reality it was an economic
necessity, and love came later.
Ethics
Forcing a particular outcome by uncovering only
certain causes
Report blaming poor instruction for high
student failure rate neglects oversized classes,
socioeconomics
Carefully weighed importance of chosen causes
If a few, but not most, of the classes in the
problem school system are oversized, then
report shouldnt stress their significance
Discuss every important effect (even one that
damages point)
Report emphasizing the beneficial effects of
jogging must discuss potential for energy
Consequences of people acting upon essay
Call to action
For Wednesday