1. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE?

At sea level the air we breathe is 21%

oxygen. As altitude increases the oxygen percentage also falls.

2. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The larynx plays an important role in
protecting the lungs from foreign material.

3. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Airflow through the nose is slow and
turbulent due to the presence of conchae. This helps to warm and humidify the inspired
air.

4. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The right lung has three lobes each supplied
by a secondary bronchus.

5. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Postural drainage involves positioning a

patient so that gravity helps to clear mucus and other secretions from an area of lung.

6. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The risk of infection is increased in cystic
fibrosis sufferers because mucociliary drainage is limited by the thickness of mucus in the
airways.

7. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The mediastinum normally completely

separates the right and left sides of the thoracic cavity.

8. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Mucociliary clearance is increased in the

aged.

9. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The pleural cavity does not contain a
lubricating fluid.

10. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The rings of hyaline cartilage in the trachea
are incomplete posteriorly.

11. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Ciliated cells are found in the bronchial
mucosa.

12. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Expired air resuscitation (or CPR) is
effective because the expired air contains gas from the upper airways of the resuscitators
respiratory system.

13. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Each bronchopulmonary segment is

supplied by a tertiary bronchus.

14. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The bronchioles have smooth muscle in
their walls which enables their diameter to be changed.

15. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Vocal cord dysfunction is a common cause
of exercise induced dyspnoea (sensation of difficulty in breathing).

16. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Vocal cord dysfunction only occurs during
high intensity exercise.

17. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The conchae are attached to the nasal
septum.

18. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The tissue lining the nasal cavity is highly
vascular.

19. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? A role of the sinuses is to lighten the skull.

20. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? A pneumothorax causes collapse of the lung
because the intrapleural vacuum is lost.

21. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training
can enhance athletic performance.

22. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Prolonged artificial ventilation can result in
a loss of respiratory muscle strength. As a result, patients must be weaned from
ventilators.

23. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The mediastinum separates the lung from
the diaphragm.

24. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
between alveolar air and the capillaries, and between the blood and the tissues, primarily
through a process called bulk flow.

25. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? COPD is characterised by narrowing of the
airways.

26. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Narrowing of the airways limits expiratory
airflow more than inspiratory airflow.

27. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Restrictive lung diseases primarily affect
inspiratory air flow and therefore limit vital capacity.

28. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The volume of gas moved during normal
quiet respiration is the tidal volume.

29. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The haemoglobin saturation measures the
percentage of available oxygen binding sites that are occupied.

30. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Oxygen content gives a better measure of
the actual amount of oxygen being transported than saturation.

31. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In emphysema, the loss of elastic tissue
allows small airways to close during expiration.

32. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Tidal breathing is regular and even.

33. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Gas trapping resulting in overinflation of
the lungs is a common problem in COPD.

34. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The shape of the haemoglobin dissociation
curve means that supplementary oxygen is of little value in a person with normal lung
function.

35. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Arterial PCO2 is controlled more tightly
than PO2.

36. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In chronic COPD, the hypercapnic drive
can be switched off due to the diffusion of bicarbonate into the CSF.

37. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The parietal layer of the pleura lines the
thoracic wall.

38. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Drugs which block the parasympathetic
system cause bronchodilation.

39. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? A fall in extracellular fluid pH to 7.2 will
shift the haemoglobin dissociation curve to the left.

40. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? If an area of lung has poor perfusion but
normal ventilation, the local PO2 will increase and the local PCO2 will fall.

41. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? If an area of lung has poor ventilation, the
lung will respond with vasoconstriction.

42. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? When CO2 is added to blood, some is
converted to H+, making the blood more acidic.

43. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? During high intensity exercise, lactate
production ultimately contributes to increased ventilation.

44. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In an obstructive lung disease FEV1 is
reduced.

45. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Minute ventilation = respiratory frequency
X tidal volume.

46. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Dead space is the area in the respiratory
system where gas exchange cannot occur.

47. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Each bronchopulmonary segment is

supplied by a tertiary bronchus.

48. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In the right lung pulmonary vessels enter
through the hilus.

49. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? If a patient undergoing a pulmonary

function test inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the
volume of air expelled would be the patient's vital capacity.

50. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The major force responsible for normal
expiration is supplied by elastic recoil of the lung tissue.

51. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The basic respiratory pattern is set in the
medulla oblongata.

52. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In the RIGHT lung there is less pulmonary
tissue than in the left.

53. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? The mediastinum separates the lung from
the diaphragm.

54. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
between alveolar air and the capillaries, and between the blood and the tissues, primarily
through a process called bulk flow.

55. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the
blood as bicarbonate ions.

56. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Hyperventilation is defined as an increase

in respiratory rate.

57. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In a person with COPD loss of elastic tissue
may contribute to airway narrowing.

58. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Tidal volume is generally much smaller
than inspiratory reserve capacity.

59. Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? In the right lung, pulmonary vessels enter
through the hilus.