Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PHY2061
9-28-06
Exam 1 Solutions
y
+4q
2q
+2q
3q
2q
60
x
s
+2q
+2q
4q 3q cos 60 K 2q 3q cos 60
s2
6q 2 1
q2
Fx K 2 3K 2
s 2
s
s2
(b) [6 points] Find the component of the force along the y-axis (Fy) on the central
particle.
Fx K
Fx K
4q 3q sin 60 K 2q 3q sin 60
s2
s2
6q 2 3
q2
3
3
K
s2 2
s2
Page 1 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
2. Consider electric charge distributed along a one-dimensional path in the form shown
as two sections of of a circle each. The circle is centered at the origin with a radius
of R, and the linear charge density is + in the left quadrant and in the right.
(a) [6 points] Find the component of the electric field along the x-axis (Ex) at the
origin (0,0).
The field contribution from the left arc equals that of the right arc. So we can
calculate twice the x-component of the field from the right arc:
/2
dq
Rd
cos 2 K
cos
2
0
R
R2
2K
/2
Ex 2 K sin 0
R
R
Ex 2 K
(b) [6 points] Find the component of the electric field along the y-axis (Ey) at the
origin (0,0).
The field cancels in the y direction.
Page 2 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
x
z
3. Consider a cube with side length s = 2 m and one corner at the origin (0,0,0) as
shown.
(a) [6 points] What is the total charge enclosed by the cube if the electric field is
E 3x 2i 5j 2 z k N/C ?
qenc
6
i 1 i z s x s
0
3s 2 s 2 2ss 2 s 3 3s 2
qenc 0 s 3 3s 2 32 0 2.8 1010 C
(b) [6 points] What is the electric charge density (C/m3) at the center of the right
face at x = 2 m if the electric field is the same as in part (a)?
Ex E y Ez
0 6 x 0 2 x s 0 6 s 2 8.85 10 11 C/m3
y
z
x
By the way, we could integrate this to get the answer for part (a)
0 E 0
qenc dV 0 dy dz dx 6 x 2 0 s 2 3s 2 2s
s
qenc 0 s 3 3s 2
Page 3 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
z
R
4. [8 points] A flat nonconducting surface infinite in extent carries a uniform charge
density of 3 109 C/m 2 . A small circular hole of radius R 1.5 m has been cut
in the middle of the sheet as shown. Calculate the electric field at a point z = 5 m
away from the center of the hole along an axis perpendicular to the surface. (In other
words, consider z ? R , but dont set R / z exactly equal to zero. You may find the
superposition principle useful.)
Using the superposition principle, add the field due to an infinite sheet of charge
(without a hole) plus a small disk of negative charge (same magnitude but opposite
sign charge density).
E Esheet Ehole
z
2 0
q
K 2 z when viewed far away z ? R and where q R 2
z
1 R 2
R2
4 0 z 2
2 0 2 z 2
Esheet
E hole
E hole
E
R2
z 0.955
z 162z N/C
2
2 0
2z
2 0
Page 4 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
F qE, where E
x taking x in the direction of the particle (left) .
2 0
Thus, it will stop and turn around.
The difference in electric potential from the surface of the sheet to position x is:
V
x
2 0
U qV e x
2 0
At the turn-around
U K initial
e
1
x mv 2
2 0
2
0 mv 2
z
0.04 m
e
Page 5 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
EK
Q
r
r2
V E ds
R2
V K
R1
E ds | E | ds |E | dr
Q
Q
dr K
2
r
r
R2
R1
1 1
R1 R2
KQ
R1 R2
R1 R2
C
K R2 R1
Page 6 of 9
PHY2061
9-28-06
Name:_______________________ ___
7. [6 points] Initially two electrons are fixed in place with a separation of 2.15 m. How
much work must be done to bring a third electron in from infinity to complete an
equilateral triangle?
q
r
The work to place a negative charged particle a distance r away from 2 points
charges also of negative charge is the inverse of the change in the potential energy:
Note that for a point charge, the electric potential a distance r away is V K
e2
W U qV 2 K 2.14 1022 J
r
8. [6 points] Sketch the electric field lines for a negatively charged particle above the
surface of a flat perfectly conducting surface (both above and below the surface).
conductor
Page 7 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
(b) [6 points] If the charged capacitor is then connected in parallel with a second
(initially uncharged) capacitor, and if the potential difference across the first capacitor
subsequently drops to 9 V, what is the capacitance of this second capacitor?
Charge cannot be destroyed, so it remains on the respective plates even though they
are connected to additional plates. But the capacitance must change (capacitors in
parallel), so the potential difference must change to maintain constant q:
Ceq C1 C2 (parallel)
V
C1
q
q
V
Ceq C1 C2 C1 C2
rearranging:
V
1 0.5 F
V
C2 C1
Page 8 of 9
Name:_______________________ ___
PHY2061
9-28-06
10. [6 points] The electric potential along the x-axis (in V) is plotted versus the value of
x, (in cm). Evaluate the x-component of the electrical force (in Newtons, including
sign) on a proton located on the x-axis at x = 10 cm.
The electric field is given by the negative rate of change of the electric potential per
unit length:
V
500 V
so F 4.0 1016 x N
Force is directed in negative x direction.
11. [6 points] Two wires are made out of the same material (copper). One has a circular
cross section with radius r = 1 mm and a length of 10 cm, the other has a square cross
section with width s = 1 mm and a length of 5 cm. Which wire has the larger
resistance?
R
L
A
L1
0.1 5
10
2
r
106
L
0.05 5 5
square: R2 22
10 10
s
0 6
2
Page 9 of 9