ReviewforTest2Chapters2and3

CORRECTIONSAREINBLACKBOLD
#8,9,12,20,(21-25arenotshortanswer),31,32
Determinewherethegraphisconcaveupanddown. (Onefrom1- 2)
x
1) f(x)=
SHORTANSWER.
x-3
****YOUMUSTSHOWALLTHESTEPSASSHOWNONTHEPRACTICETESTTO ANYCREDIT.
Part1:Findfandfusingquotientrule Part2:setf=0
f=x

f=1

=0

(x-3)3
(x-3)3

g=x-3g=1

6
=0(x-3)3
(x-3)3

6=0,nottruesonothelpful
f

fg-fg
g2

Setdenominator=00=(x-3)3
x=3isinflectionpoint

1(x-3)-1(x)
x-3-x
-3
=
=

(x-3)2
(x-3)2
(x-3)2

Testvaluesinfaround3
----|----@-----|----034
f(0)= 6 = 6 = 2 <0concavedown
(0-3)3 -27 -9

Findfusingquotientrule:
f=-3
f=0
g=(x-3)2 g=2(x-3)(chainrule)

6(x -3)
6
0(x-3)2-(-3(2(x-3)
0 + 6(x-3)
=
=
=
4
4
4
(x-3)
(x-3)
(x-3)3
(x-3)

f(4)=

6
(4-3)3

6
=6>0concaveup
1

Concavedown( -,3)Concaveup(3, )

2) f(x)=

x-2
SHORTANSWER.
x-1

****YOUMUSTSHOWALLTHESTEPSASSHOWNONTHEPRACTICETESTTO ANYCREDIT.
Part1:Findfandfusingquotientrule Part2:setf=0
-2
f=x-2
f=1
=0
(x-1)3
-2
(x-1)3
(x-1)3

g=x-1g=1

=0(x-1)3

-2=0,nottruesonothelpful
fg-fg
f
g2

Setdenominator=00=(x-1)3
x=1isinflectionpoint

x-1-x+2
1
1(x-1)-1(x-2)
=
=

2
2
(x-1)
(x-1)2
(x-1)

Testvaluesinfaround1

----|----@-----|----012
-2
f(0)= -2 =
=2>0concaveup
3
-1
(0-1)

Findfusingquotientrule:
f=1
f=0
g=(x-1)2 g=2(x-1)(chainrule)

0(x-1)2-((2(x-1)
0 -2(x-1)
-2(x-1)
-2
=
=
=
(x-1)4
(x-1)4
(x-1)3
(x-1)4

f(2)=

-2
(2-1)3

-2
=-2<0concavedown
1

ConcaveUp(-,1)ConcaveDowv(1, )
Findtheabsolutemaximumandabsoluteminimumvaluesofthefunctionontheindicatedinterval.SHORTANSWER
*YOUMUSTSHOWALLTHESTEPSASSHOWNONTHEPRACTICETESTTO ANYCREDIT.(Onefrom3-4)
3) f(x)=x3 -3x+5;[-1,5]
Part2findcriticalpointsusingf Part2:Plugcriticalpointsandendpointsintof.
1)f(x)=3x2 -3
f(-1)=(-1)3 -3(-1)+5=7
2)0=3x2 -3
f(1)=(1)3 -3(1)+5=3
0=3(x 2 -1)
0=3(x-1)(x+1)
x=1andx=-1criticalvalues

f(5)=(5)3 -3(5)+5=115
Maxis115atx=5
Minis3atx=1

Findtheabsolutemaximumandabsoluteminimumvaluesofthefunction,iftheyexist,overtheindicatedinterval.
Whennointervalisspecified,usetherealline( -, ).
4) f(x)=x4 -5x3 ;[-5,5]SHORTANSWER.
Part2findcriticalpointsusingf Part2:Plugcriticalpointsandendpointsintof.
1)f(x)=4x 3 -15x 2 ;
2)0=4x 3 -15x 2 ;

f(-5)=(-5)4 -5(-5)3 =1250

f(0)=(0)4 -5(0)3 =0

f(15/4)=15/4)4 -5(15/4)3 =-16875/256

f(5)=(5)4 -5(5)3 =0

0=x 2 (4x-15)
x=0and15/4

criticalvalues

Maxis1250atx=-5
Minis-16875/256atx=15/4

Solvetheproblem.(Onefrom5-7)
5) ThepricePofacertaincomputersystemdecreasesimmediatelyafteritsintroductionandthenincreases.Ifthe
pricePisestimatedbytheformulaP=110t2 -1900t+6300,wheretisthetimeinmonthsfromitsintroduction,
findthetimeuntiltheminimumpriceisreached.
Part1findcriticalvalueusingP Part2:PlugvaluesintoP
P=220t-1900
P(0)=220(0)-1900=-1900<0
0=220t-1900
P(10)=220(10)-1900=300>0
t=190/22=8.6isthecriticalvalue
---|-------@-------|--------08.610

---|-------@-------|--------08.610

Time=8.6
6) Thecostofacomputersystemincreaseswithincreasedprocessorspeeds.ThecostCofasystemasafunction
ofprocessorspeedisestimatedasC=13S2 -7S+1500,whereSistheprocessorspeedinMHz.Findthe
processorspeedforwhichcostisataminimum.
C=26S-7
0=26S-7
7/26=S
7) Findthenumberofunitsthatmustbeproducedandsoldinordertoyieldthemaximumprofit,giventhe
followingequationsforrevenueandcost:
R(x)=20x-0.5x2
C(x)=6x+5.
Profit=Revnue-Cost
P=20x-0.5x 2 -(6x+5)

P=14-1x

P=20x-0.5x 2 -6x-5

0=14-1x

P=14x-0.5x 2 -5

14=x
Solvetheproblem.(Onefrom8)
8) Ahotelhas300units.Allroomsareoccupiedwhenthehotelcharges$70 perdayforaroom.Forevery
increaseofxdollarsinthedailyroomrate,therearexroomsvacant.Eachoccupiedroomcosts $26perdayto
serviceandmaintain.Whatshouldthehotelchargeperdayinordertomaximizedailyprofit?
P(x)=-2x +256x(findthederivative)
(setthederivative=0)
0=-2x +256

R(x)=(numberofrooms)(priceperroom)
R(x)=(300-x)(70+x)
R(x)=21,000+230x-x2(FOIL)

2x=256
x=128

C(x)=(numberofroom)(costperroom)
C(x)=(300-x)(26)=7800-26x
P(x)=R(x)-C(x)
P(x)=21,000+230x-x2-(7800-26x)

Priceperroom=70+x
Priceperroom=70+128=198

P(x)=-x2+256x -13,200

Solvethemarginalproblem.(Onefrom9-10)
9) Acompanyestimatesthatthedailyrevenue(indollars)fromthesaleofxcookiesisgivenby
R(x)=790+0.02x+0.0006x2 .
Currently,thecompanysells390cookiesperday.Usemarginalrevenuetoestimatetheincreaseinrevenueif
thecompanyincreasessalesbyonecookieperday.
Findtherevenuefor390cookies
R(390)=790+0.02(390)+0.0006(390)2=889.06
FindRandthemarginalrevenue
R=0.02+0.0012x
R(390)=0.02+0.0012(390)=.488=$0.49(Thisistheamountofincreaseforeachcookie)
(Additionalinformation:TheincreasedrevenuewouldbeR(391) =R(390)+R(390)=889.06+.49=889.54)
10) Supposethatthedailycost,indollars,ofproducingxtelevisionsis
C(x)=0.003x3 +0.1x2 +68x+620,
andcurrently60televisionsareproduceddaily.UseC(60)andthemarginalcosttoestimatethedailycostof
increasingproductionto63televisionsdaily.Roundtothenearestdollar.
Findthecostfor60TVs
C(60)==0.003(60)3+0.1(60)2+68(60)+620=5708(currentcost)
Findthederivativeandthe marginalcostfor60TVs
C(x)=0.009x2+0.2x+68
C(60)=0.009(60)2+0.2(60)+68=112.4 (marginalcost)
C(63)=C(60)+3(C(60))(Costfor63TVsusingmarginalcost)
C(63)=C(60)+3(C(60))=5708+3(112.4)=6045.2
Differentiate.(Twofrom11-14)
11) y=e9x2 +x
y=e9x2 (9x2 )+1Sumoftwofunctions(notaproductrule)
9x2
+1
y=18xe
12) y=5x 2 e3x
f=5x 2f=10xProductrule
g=e3xg=3e3xfg+fg
y=10xe3x+5x 2 3e3x
y=10xe 3x+5x2 3e3x(factorout5xe3x)-divideeachtermby5xe 3x
5xe 3x5xe 3x
y=5xe3x(2+3x)

13) y=(x2 -2x+7)ex

f=(x 2 -2x+7)f=2x-2ProductRule
g=e x g=e x
y=(2x-2)e x +(x 2 -2x+7)e x ORy=(2x-2)e x +(x 2 -2x+7)e x
y=2xe x - 2e x +x 2 e x -2xe x +7e x y=e x [2x-2+x 2 -2x+7]
y=(x 2 +5)e x
14) y=e5x8 lnx

y=e x [x 2 + 5]

Note

5x8 lnx

istheexponentfore.

Chainrulefore-originaltimesderivativeoftheexponent
Thederivativeoftheexponentisaproductrule
8
ANSWER:(40x 7 lnx+5x 7 )e5x ln(x)

f=5x 8 f=40x 7
g=lnxg=1/x
40x 7 lnx+5x 8 (1/x)
40x 7 lnx+5x 7
Findtheindicatedtangentline. (Onefrom15)

15) Findthetangentlinetothegraphoff(x)=-2e6xatthepoint(0,-2).
f=(6)(-2)e 6x y=mx+b
f(0)=-12e 6(0)-2=-12(0)+b
f=-12=m=slope-2=b
y=-12x-2
Findthederivativeofthefunction.(Threefrom16- 20)
16) y=ln(7+x2 )
y=

1
f(x)
f(x)

sincef(x)=(7+x2 )andf(x)=0+2x
y=
17) y=

1
7+x2

(2x)=

2x
7+x2

lnx
x6

y=lnx(x-6 )RewriteforProductRule
f=lnxf=1/x
g=x-6g=-6x-7
1
1
-6ln(x) ===>
-6ln(x) 1-6ln(x)
1
y= x -6+ln(x)(-6x-7)==>
y= +
+
=
x
x*x 6
x7
x7
x7
x7

allexponent

Findthederivative.
18) f(x)=e8xlnx
f=e 8x f=8e 8x ProductRule
g=lnxg=1/x
x 8e 8x lnx
e 8x
8xe 8x lnx
e 8x
8xlnx+1
y=8e 8x lnx+e 8x (1/x)==>
+
===>
+
=e 8x
(factoroute 8x )
x
1
x
x
x
x
19) f(x)=ln(e4x+6)
y=

4e 4x
1
*4e 4x ==>

(e 4x +6)
(e 4x +6)

20) f(x)=ln(

x8 -2
)
3x

Chainruleforln.1/(whateverisinparentheses)timethederivativeoftheexpressioninparentheses
Theexpresssioninparenthesesisaquotientrule
Part1:Quotientrule
f=x8 -2f=8x7}

Part2:Flipfraction*quotientrule
3x * 21x8 +6

x 8 -2
9x2

g=3xg=3 |

7
8
3x(8x )- 3 (x -2)
(3x)2

24x8 -3x8 +6

9x2

21x8 +6
9x2

3x(21x8 +6)
9x2 (x8 -2)

63x9 +18x
ANSWER
9x10-18x2

(ALL21-25-Theseproblemswillbecombinedintoonequestionwith4parts)

(NOTSHORTANSWER)
Solvetheproblem.
21) During1991,200,000peoplevisitedRaveAmusementPark.During1997,thenumberhadgrownto834,000.If
thenumberofvisitorstotheparkobeysthelawofuninhibitedgrowth,findtheexponentialgrowthfunction
thatmodelsthisdata.
A=834,000P 0=200,000t=6(1997- 1991)Findr
A=P0 e rt

ln(

834,000
)=lner(6)
200,000

834,000=200,000e r(6)

ln(

834,000
)=6r
200,000

834,000
=e r(6)
200,000

ln(

834,000
)/6=.237986(roundto4decimalplaces
200,000

A=200,000e.238t

Solve.
22) Thevalueofaparticularinvestmentfollowsapatternofexponentialgrowth.Intheyear2000,youinvested
moneyinamoneymarketaccount.Thevalueofyourinvestmenttyearsafter2000isgivenbytheexponential
growthmodelA=3700e0.057t.Howmuchisintheaccountafter6years
A=3700e 0.057(6)=5208.71 .
Solvetheproblem.
23) If$4000isinvestedinanaccountthatpaysinterestcompoundedcontinuously,howlongwillittaketogrowto
$8000at7%?
A=P0 e rtln2 =lne .07t 9.9=t
8000=4000e .07t ln2=.07t
2=e .07t(ln2)/.07 =t
Solvetheproblem.
24) SupposethatP0 isinvestedinasavingsaccountinwhichinterestiscompoundedcontinuouslyat 5.5%per
year.Thatis,thebalancePgrowsattherategivenby

dP
=0.055P.Supposethat$9000isinvested.Whenwill
dt

theinvestmentdouble?
P=P0 e rtln2=lne.055tt=12.6
18000=9000e .055tln2=.055t
2=e .055t(ln2)/.055 =t
25) Findthedoublingtimeforanamountinvestedatagrowthrate6%peryearcompoundedcontinuously.
A=P0 e rtln2/.6=t(note:fordoublingA=2P0sotheformulaA=P0 e rtbecomes
2=e .06t11.6=t

2P0 =P0 e rt and

ln2=lne .06t

2=e rt(P0 cancels)

ln2=0.6t
Solvetheproblem.(Onefrom26)
26) Followingthebirthofachild,aparentwantstomakeaninitialinvestmentP0 thatwillgrowto$33,000 bythe
childs20thbirthday.Interestiscompoundedcontinuouslyat 7%.Whatshouldtheinitialinvestmentbe?
A=P0 e rt
33,000=Pe .07(20)
33,000=Pe .07(20)(note:dividebothsidesbye .07(20))
e .07(20)
e .07(20)

8137.70=P
Differentiate.(Threefrom27-30)
27) f(x)=x4 6 x
f=x 4 f=4x 3
g=6 x g=ln6*6 x

ProductRule

y=4x 3 (6 x )+x 4 ln6*6 x

Differentiate.
28) f(x)=x5 log6 x
f=x 5 f=5x 4
1
g=log xg=
6
xln6
x 5
y=5x 4 log x+
6
xln6
y=5x 4 log6 x+

x 4
(xscancelout)
ln6

29) f(x)=exlog x
6
f=e x f=e x
1
g=log xg=
6
xln6
1
y=e x log x+e x
6
xln6
1
y=e x [log x+
]factoroute x
6
xln6
30) f(x)=12xlogx 4
Productrule
f=12x f=12x (ln12)
g=logx 4g=
g=

1
x4ln10

12x (ln12)logx 4-

4
12x
xln10

(4x3 )
4(12x )
12x (ln12)logx 4-
ANSWER
xln10

4
xln10

Solvetheproblem.(Onefrom31-32)
31) *SHORTANSWERYOUMUSTSHOWALLTHESTEPSASSHOWNONTHEPRACTICETESTTO
ANYCREDIT.
HighWireElectronicsdeterminesthefollowingdemandfunction:
q=D(x)=200-4x
whereqisthenumberofgamessoldperdaywhenthepriceisxdollarspergame.
(a)Findtheelasticity(b)Findtheelasticityatx=$46,statingwhetherthedemandiselasticorinelastic(c)Find
theelasticityatx=$10,statingwhetherthedemandiselasticorinelastic(d)Atapriceof$10,willasmall
increaseinpricecausethetotalrevenuetoincreaseordecrease.(e)Findthevalueofxforwhichthetotal
revenueisamaximum
xD(x)

a)E=-
D(x)
D(x)=200-4x
D(x)=-4

d)increase
e)E(x)=1

E=- x(-4) = 4x = x
200-4x 200-4x 50-x

E=

x
=1
50-x

b)E(1)=

46
46
=
>1elastic
4
50-46

x=50-x

c)E(10)=

10
10
=
<1inelastic
50-10 40

2x=50
x=25$25willmaximizerevenue

32) *SHORTANSWERYOUMUSTSHOWALLTHESTEPSASSHOWNONTHEPRACTICETESTTO
ANYCREDIT.
HighWireElectronicsdeterminesthefollowingdemandfunction:
q=D(x)=

100
(x+3)2

whereqisthenumberofgamessoldperdaywhenthepriceisxdollarspergame.
(a)Findtheelasticity(b)Findtheelasticityatx=$1,statingwhetherthedemandiselasticorinelastic(c)Find
theelasticityatx=$10,statingwhetherthedemandiselasticorinelastic(d)Atapriceof$10,willasmall
increaseinpricecausethetotalrevenuetoincreaseordecrease.(e)Findthevalueofxforwhichthetotal
revenueisamaximum
xD(x)
a)E=-

D(x)
D(x)=100(x+3)-2
D(x)=-200(x+3)-3

chainrule

-3
E=- x(-200(x+3) = 2x
x+3
100(x+3)-2
b)E(46)=
c)E(10)=

2(1)
2
= <1inelastic
1+3 4

2(10)
20
=
>1elastic
10+3 10

d)decrease
e)E(x)=1
E= 2x =1
x+3
2x=x+3
x=3
$3willmaximizerevenue

10