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Objective
List UE Identity
Concept of Tracking Area
Describe
LTE Mobility
Connection States
LTE/SAE Bearer Architecture

Handover Procedures

inter -eNB
inter -RAT

Comparing 3G and LTE

Mobility
Session Management.

Policy and Charging Control (PCC)

EPS Network Identifiers

Tracking Area Update

EPS Mobility Management States

The EMM states describe the Mobility
Management States from the NAS Procedures
Attach
EMM
deregistered

EMM
registered
Detach

EPS Connection Management State

For a UE in ECM-CONNECTED state, a signaling connection
exists between the UE and the MME.

EMM & ECM Transitions

Power On
Release due to
Inactivity

Registration (Attach)
Allocate C-RNTI, S_TMSI
Allocate IP addresses
Authentication
Establish security context

EMM_Deregistered

Release RRC connection

Release C-RNTI
Configure DRX for paging

EMM_Registered

EMM_Registered

ECM_Connected

ECM_Idle

New Traffic

Deregistration (Detach)
Change PLMN

Establish RRC Connection

Allocate C-RNTI

Release C-RNTI, S-TMSI

Release IP addresses

Timeout of Periodic TA
Update

Release S-TMSI
Release IP addresses

EMM and ECM States Summary

EMM_Deregistered

Network Context:
no context exists
Allocated IDs:
IMSI
UE Position:
unknown to network
UE Radio Activity:
none

EMM_Registered

EMM_Registered

ECM_Connected

ECM_Idle

Network Context:
all info for ongoing
transmission/reception

Network Context:
security keys
enable fast transition to
ECM_CONNECTED

Allocated IDs:
IMSI, S-TMSI per TAI
C-RNTI
UE Position:
known on cell level
Mobility:
NW controlled handover
UE Radio Activity:
DL w/o DRX
UL w/o DTX

Allocated IDs:
IMSI, S-TMSI per TAI
UE Position:
known on TA level (TA
list)
Mobility:
cell reselection
UE Radio Activity:
DL DRX for paging
no UL

EPS Bearer Service Architecture

SAE Bearer QoS Awareness

All data transmitted within a SAE bearer will get the same QoS handling
(scheduling, prioritization, discarding probability, etc.).
Different applications (for example packet video streaming service and FTP
download) have different QoS setting and cannot share the same SAE bearer
Other applications with similar traffic characteristics will be able to be placed
inside the same SAE bearer provided that the bandwidth of the bearer is scaled
accordingly .
Due to this fact, the standard will allow a UE to have several SAE bearers, each
one with a different QoS setting.

SAE Bearer QoS Attributes

QoS parameters:
Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR)
Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (N-GBR)
Maximum Bit Rate (MBR)
Allocation/Retention Priority (ARP)
For all bearers together for one terminal, following QoS
parameter is available:
Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR)
UE

eNB
S1-U

Serving
Gateway

cell

S5

PDN
Gateway

Sgi

PDN

End-to-End Service
SAE Bearer Service (EPS Bearer)

External Bearer
Service

QCI Characteristic

LTE/SAE Handover
When the UE is in ECM_Connected state, mobility handling takes
place via network controlled handovers with UE assistance.
UE assistance here simply means that the UE sends measurements
and reports to the eNB to assist in the handover decision.
Currently it is planned that neighbour cells are based on the UEs
cell detection capabilities rather than on a network supplied
neighbour cell list.

Intra LTE/SAE Network Handover Types:

Intra eNB handover.
Inter eNB handover with X2 interface

Handover Principle
Lossless
- Downlink Packets are forwarded from the source cell
to the target cell.
Network Controlled
-Target cell is selected by the network, not by the UE
-Handover control in E-UTRAN (not in packet core)
UE-assisted
-Measurements are collected by the UE and reported to
the network.
Late path switch
- Only once the handover is successful, the packet core
is involved.

HO events
Intra RAT

Event A1 -> Serving cell becomes better than threshold

Event A2 -> Serving cells becomes worse than threshold
Event A3 -> Neighbour becomes offset better than serving
Event A4 -> Neighbour becomes better than threshold
Event A5 -> Serving becomes worse than threshold 1 &
neighbour becomes better than threshold 2

Inter RAT
Event B1 -> Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than
threshold
Event B2 -> serving becomes worse than threshold 1 and
neighbour becomes better than threshold 2

Handover Preparation

Handover Execution

Handover Completion

Inter-System Handovers

Differences E-UTRAN and UTRAN

Summary
List UE Identity
Concept of Tracking Area
Describe
LTE Mobility
Connection States
LTE/SAE Bearer Architecture

Handover Procedures

inter -eNB
inter -RAT

Comparing 3G and LTE

Mobility
Session Management.

Policy and Charging Control (PCC)

HAPPY LEARNING
MobileComm Professionals, Inc.
www.mcpsinc.com