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Sources of information (access sources by clicking blue links)

Vietnam
Vietnam Country Report (FINPRO)
Vietnam Country Update (Rabobank)
Country Transformation Level (BTI Group)
Vietnam Economic Developments and Outlook (IMF)
Country Risk Classification (Finnvera)
Doing Business in Vietnam (World Bank)
Finnish Embassy in Vietnam, Hanoi
Vietnam Chamber of Commerce & Industry
Vietnam Association of Rural Industrial SMEs
Vietnam Government
NGOs in Vietnam

VIETNAM & RENEWABLE ENERGY


Country at-a-glance

Energy sector
IEA Energy Balances
Energy Profile Vietnam - Clean Energy Info Portal
Vietnam: Energy Resources
Strategies and Policies to Support RE and Energy Efficiency Development in Vietnam
Vietnam - Renewable Energy Action Plan
Institute of Energy
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Ministry of Planning and Investment
Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam

Projects

Socialist Republic of Vietnam


Independence
Area

Vietnam Programs (Open Energy Info)

Co-creation of network modes for


market entry in developing countries
Finnish renewable energy SMEs

Homepage: http://www.laurea.fi/en/connect/
Project manager
Dr. Birgit Aurela
Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Vanha maantie 9, FIN - 02650 Espoo
GSM +358 40 566 2910
birgit.aurela@laurea.fi

Population
Language
Literacy rate
Sectors (% of GDP)
Major cities

1945 from France


331 050 km2; 58 provinces + 5 municipalities
87,84 million (2011); Growth: 1,0 % (2011)
Density: 277 people/km2 (2010)
Official: Vietnamese
Other: English, French, Chinese, Khmer
93 % (2010 est.)
20 % agriculture, 40 % industry, 40 % services
Hanoi - capital (2,7 mil)
Ho Chi Minh City (5,9 mil), Haiphong (1,9 mil),
Da Nang (0,8 mil)
Source: World Bank, CIA, Rabobank

Business Environment
GDP (current US$): 123,96 billion (2011)
GDP per capita (PPP): $3 260 (2011)
GDP growth (annual): 6 % (2011)
Vietnam is a member of WTO since 2007

Renewable energy in Vietnam


Attractive foreign investment destination
Extensive network of schools; literacy 94 %
About 15 % of population is living in poverty
Tourism accounts for more than 30 % of GDP
Source: World Bank, CIA, Rabobank

Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that in the last 30 years has had to recover
from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the old Soviet Bloc, and the
rigidities of a centrally-planned economy.
While Vietnam's economy remains dominated by state-owned enterprises, which still produce
about 40% of GDP, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic
liberalization and international integration.

Vietnam and Finland

Today there are about 85 Finnish affiliated companies in Vietnam. Finnish companies have
been representing in Vietnam mainly through local agents, and a couple of companies have a
representative office lead by either Finnish of foreign personnel.
Vietnam is also one of the most important development partners for Finland. The
development program includes a number of business programmes that aim at supporting
private industry. These include Innovation Partnership Program (IPP), Energy Partnership
Program (EPP), and Concessional Credits.

Electricity generation (2009)


Hydroelectric
27 375 mil. kWh
Geothermal
0
Wind
50 mil. kWh

Solar, Tide and Wave


Biomass and Waste

0
0
0

Source: US Energy Information Administration

Renewable Energy Policy


The National Energy Development Strategy (for the period up to 2020, with an outlook to 2050)
Targets to develop power plants and power networks, ensure sufficient supply of electricity for
socio-economic development, and ensure the 99.7% reliability of electricity supply in 2010. Also:

Achieving a share of renewable energy in the total commercial primary energy supply of 3% in
2010, 5% in 2025 and 11% in 2050;

Completing the energy program for rural and mountainous areas, and increasing the
proportion of rural households using commercial energy to 50% in 2010 and 80% in 2020 (by
2010, 95% of rural households will have access to electricity)
The Renewable Energy Action Plan and Power Development Master Plan of Vietnam, period of
2011- 2020, outlook to 2030 are also supporting the development of energy sector.
Vietnam has Avoided Cost Tariff (ACT) for renewable power production. The electricity tariff is
calculated by avoided costs of the national power grid when 1 kWh is generated to the distribution
power grid from a small renewable energy power plant

Renewable energy resources


Solar energy:
Vietnam has good constant solar sources, with roughly 2,000-2,500 hours of sunshine per year. In
the southern and central areas, solar radiation levels range from 4 to 5.9 kWh/m2/day, uniformly
distributed throughout the year. The solar energy in the north is estimated to vary from 2.4 to 5.6
kWh/m2/day.

State of Energy sector (supply/demand)


Major sources of commercial energy in Vietnam are coal, petroleum, hydropower and natural gas.
Significant number of households is using traditional solid fuels in residential sector for heating, light
and cooking. Vietnam is net exporter of energy due to its oil and coal resources. In 2009 Vietnams
net import of electricity was 4 %. Its own power supply is currently insufficient. At the end of June
2005, the National Power Grid has reached all provinces, connecting 95% of communes and 89% of
households in rural areas.

Wind energy:
With a coastline of 3,000 km, and average wind speeds of 5.6 m/s in coastal regions, and up to 8
m/s on certain islands, the potential for wind power generation is high. The theoretical wind energy
capacity in Vietnam is approximately 513 GW.
Biomass energy:
Biomass resources that could be used for generating electricity include rice husks, paddy straw,
bagasse (sugar cane, coffee husk, and coconut shell), wood and plant residue, with an estimated
potential of 1000-1600 MW
Geothermal energy:
With more than 300 hot streams from 30 C to 148 C, Vietnam is estimated to have 1,400 MW of
suitable geothermal potential, for direct use and producing electricity. From this potential, 400 MW
of could be developed for producing electricity by 2020
Hydropower: Vietnam has 2,400 rivers of 10 km or longer, indicating high potential for small- and
large-scale hydro-electric power generation.
Waste to energy:
The strong economic growth and urbanization rates in the last decade in Vietnam have pushed the
issue of solid waste management to the forefront of environmental challenges which the country
must contend if it is to continue on the path to industrialization.

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