Experiment No.

1
Transfer Function of Two phase A. C. Servo motor
OBJECTIVE
1. To draw the torque speed characteristic of a two phase AC servo motor
2. Obtain the transfer function.

APPARATUS REQUIRED
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

3-phase and Single phase AC supply

AC servo motor
AC Ammeters 0-2A (2 Nos.)
DC ammeter 0-2A
Voltmeters 0-220V (2 Nos.)
Auto transformers
Tachometer.

THEORY
A specially designed two phase induction motor is used as ac servo motor. One of the
stator winding is known as reference winding and is excited by a fixed ac voltage where as the
second winding known as control winding is excited by a variable control voltage. The two
phases are physically at right angles or in space quadrature. The control voltage is of same
frequency of the reference voltage but phase displaced by 90 degrees for producing rotating
magnetic field. The rotor has high resistance so that a negative slope for the torque speed
characteristic for the entire range is obtained. The negative slope characteristic provides stable
operation and positive damping.. Balanced 2 phase power can be obtained from a 3 phase
network by using two specially constructed transformers, with taps at 50% and 86.6% of the
primary voltage. This Scott T connection produces a true two-phase system with 90 time
difference between the phases.

PROCEDURE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Apply a fixed voltage of 220V to reference winding through an auto transformer.

Apply a fixed voltage of 80V to control winding through an auto transformer.
Apply load by changing the dc current in the electromagnet.
Obtain the speed of the motor using a tachometer at various loads varying between 0-1.0A.
Record the readings as in observation table 1.
Repeat the procedure for control voltages 100V and 120V.
Calculate the torque using the equation. T = 0.007*N*(I^2)
Plot the graph between torque and speed for Vc = 80V, Vc = 100V and Vc = 120V.
The torque equation of the motor is given by the following expression

where T is the torque, is the angular displacement and Ec is

the control voltage.
10. Find the average value of Kn and Kc.

OBSERVATION
Observation Table 1: Variation of load current vs speed (Voltage applied to Ref. winding: 220 V
Sl.

Vc=80V

Vc=100V

Vc = 120V

No.
Load
Current

Speed
(rpm)

Load
Current

(A)

Speed
(rpm)

(A)

Load
Current

(A)

Speed
(rpm)

1.

1210

1328

1388

2.

0.1

1198

0.1

1320

0.1

1380

3.

0.2

1174

0.2

1300

0.2

1362

4.

0.3

1138

0.3

1262

0.3

1338

5.

0.4

1092

0.4

1225

0.4

1302

6.

0.5

1032

0.5

1178

0.5

1262

7.

0.6

995

0.6

1142

0.6

1226

8.

0.7

960

0.7

1108

0.7

1188

9.

0.8

931

0.8

1074

0.8

1172

10.

0.9

897

0.9

1048

0.9

1148

11.

1.0

876

1.0

1028

1.0

1128

Variation of load torque as a function of speed for different values of control voltage.

CALCULATION
Vc = 80V

Vc = 100V

Vc = 120V

Kn = 0.029

Kn = 0.021

Kn = 0.063

Kc = 0.377

Kc = 0.269

Kc = 0.664

Average value of Kc = 0.436

Average value of Kn = 0.037
Torque Equation is T = -0.037d/dt + 0.436Ec
Transfer function is
(s)/Ec(s) = 0.436/s(s+B+0.037)

CONCLUSION
1. Since torque is directly proportional to square of speed and current . As load
current is increasing speed is decreasing but overall effect on torque is
increasing.
2. Plot of Torque speed characteristics has come as per desired with negative
slope and approximate straight line.