Matrix on Asian

Philosophy
Mr. John Mark E. Hermedilla, MAEd-Math
Educ 501 Philosophy of Education | 8:00 11:00 | Dr. Nilo Colinares

Elements
Proponent/Founder

Hinduism

Date Originated

10, 000 years BC

Place of Origin
Meaning

India
the belief of the
people of India

Purpose of the
Philosophy

See the truth

and apply the
truth
to
problems
of
everyday life
Not merely to
gain
knowledge for
its own sake or
to satisfy ones
curiosity, but to
discover and
live the highest
kind of life, the
life that will
bring
permanent
self-realization
or bliss.

Buddhism
Siddhartha
Gautama
566 BC
India
"one who has
awakened"
It is derived from
the verbal root
"budh", meaning
"to awaken" or "to
be enlightened",
and "to
comprehend"
To recognize
that
humans
have
a
measure
of
freedom
of
moral choice,
and Buddhist
practice
has
essentially to
do
with
acquiring the
freedom
to
choose as one
ought
to
choose
with
truth: that is of
acquiring
a
freedom from
the
passions
and
desires
that impel us to

Confucianism
Confucius

ASIAN PHILOSOPHY
Daoism
Lao-zi

6th century BCE

100 BCE

China
an ethical and
philosophical
system based upon
the teachings of the
Chinese sage,
Confucius

China
corresponds to
both Daojia (Dao fam
ily or school of
the Dao), term which
describes so-called
philosophical texts
and thinkers such
as Laozi and Zhuangz
i, and Daojiao
Focus on
understanding the
nature of reality,
increasing their
longevity, ordering life
morally, practicing
rulership, and
regulating
consciousness and
diet.

Emphasize
personal and
governmental
morality,
correctness of
social relationships,
and justice and
sincerity.

Islam
Al-Kindi

Christianity
Jesus Christ

2nd century AH of
the Islamic calendar
Arabian Country
the systematic
investigation of
problems connected
with life,
the universe, ethics,
society, and so on
as conducted in
the Muslim world.

2000 yrs. Ago /

6000 yrs. ago
Israel

Speak of the
moral and
spiritual
instruction of
believers in
general and of
children in
particular. It
places a high
value upon
knowledge, both
of God and of
His works. It
describes the
moral and
spiritual fruits of
this knowledge
and defines its
ultimate
purpose.

Judaism

distraction and
poor decisions.

Characteristics

One of the
oldest religious
traditions
in
the world

Has much in
common with
Hindu
philosophy but
also
departs
radically from it
at
certain
points.

Used as an
imperial orthodoxy
and was developed
into a vast and
complete
philosophical
system in the west.

A retroactive grouping
of ideas and writings
which were already at
least one to two
centuries old, and
which may or may not
have been ancestral
to various postclassical religious
movements, all selfidentified as daojiao.

. It is not necessarily
concerned with
religious issues, nor
exclusively produced
by Muslims. Nor do all
schools of thought
within Islam admit the
usefulness or
legitimacy of
philosophical inquiry.

The God of the

Bible is not a
god of man's
own making or
choosing. The
eternal Creator
of all things
existed before
man and exists
independently
of man. God,
however, has
revealed
Himself to man,
speaking
through His

Value System

In ascending
order of
importance, they
are:
1. Artha (wealth)
2. Kama
(sensuality)
3. Dharma (social
and individual
duties)
4. Moksha
(release from
finitude and
imperfection)

The value system

is indicated in the
Noble Eightfold
Path:
1. Right
understanding
2. Right
aspiration or
purpose
3. Right speech
4. Right conduct
5. Right mode of
livelihood

Humans occupy a
high place in the
general scheme of
things, and we can
live according to
the moral ideal.
They should strive
for their own
development and
exhibit integrity of
mind. They are
sincere in speech
and action. They
renounce worldly
lusts, avoid
avarice,
quarrelsomeness,
and covetousness.

Daoism cultivated a
sense of the
individuals oneness
or unity with the order
of the universe, while
putting less emphasis
on conventions and
rules.

Word (the
inerrant, divinely
inspired and
preserved sixtysix books of the
Old and New
Testaments)
and His works.
His selfrevelation is the
substance of
Christian belief.
What we
call Biblical
Christianity is a
system of
certain basic
truths that God
has revealed.
Directs the
process of
human
development
toward God's
objective for
man: godliness
of character and
action. It bends
its efforts to the
end "that the
man of God
may be perfect,
throughly
furnished unto
all good works".

6. Right striving
or effort
7. Right
mindfulness

Order in Nature

The objects of
the empirical
world, although of
a certain order of
worldly reality,
are appearances
in that they
belong to the
world of cause
and effect, to
which Brahman
does not belong.
The self is
Brahman
appearing under
limiting
conditions.

8. Right
concentration
The world of our
senses is marked
by transitoriness
or
impermanence.
We notice annata,
an inability to
determine
through
experiential
knowledge
whether or not
there is a Self;
whereby we can
find no
independent
essence in
existing things.

They strive for the

golden mean or the
just medium.
Filial piety and
benevolent love

Heaven is the
dependable order
of the universe and
the ground and
guardian of the
moral law. Heaven
not only governs
human affairs in
accordance with
the moral order of
things but gives us
a disposition
toward harmony
and the right.

The Dao of Heaven

transcends the
ordinary experience
of nature and
humanity, gives
meaning to the
universe, and helps
us do things in the
right way.

In its broadest
sense it means the
world view of Islam,
as derived from the
Islamic texts
concerning the
creation of the
universe and the will
of the Creator. In
another sense it
refers to any of the
schools of thought
that flourished under
the Islamic empire
or in the shadow of
the Arab-Islamic
culture and Islamic
civilization. In its
narrowest sense it is
a translation
of Falsafa, meaning
those particular
schools of thought
that most reflect the
influence of Greek
systems of
philosophy such
as Neoplatonism an
d Aristotelianism

Meaning of
Truth/Reality

Reality

(Brahman) is
One
or
Absolute,
changeless,
perfect
and
eternal. The
ordinary
human world
of
many
separate and
discrete
(finite) things
(which
our
mind
represents by
our senses) is
an
illusion.
Through
meditation
and purity of
mind, one can
experience
their true Self
which
is
Brahman,
God, the One
infinite eternal
thing
which
causes
and
connects the
many things.
True
enlightenment
is
Selfrealisation, to
experience

The
Buddha
taught that the
nature
of
reality
was
impermanent
and
interconnected.
We suffer in life
because of our
desire
to
transient
things.
Liberation from
suffering may
come
by
training
the
mind
and
acting
according
to
the laws of
karma (cause
and effect) i.e.
with
right
action,
good
things
will
come to you.
The
Buddha
offered
metaphysical
knowledge into
the nature of
reality as well
as a moral way
of life. The
Middle Way is
an
important
idea
in

The ideal is the

harmony of the
individual and the
well-ordered
society based on
the mutual respect
and moral
obligation between
ruler and minster,
father and son,
elder brother and
younger brother,
husband and wife
and friend and
friend.
There is a beauty
in everything we
have to see.

Behind all existence

is the impersonal Dao
(Way), Dao is the way
the universe works; it
is the reality that is
immanent in nature
and humanity.

. Some argue that

there is no indication
that the limited
knowledge and
experience of
humans can lead to
truth. It is also
important to observe
that, while "reason"
('aql) is sometimes
recognised as a
source of Islamic law,
this may have a
totally different
meaning from
"reason"
in philosophy.

For the
Christian, then,
the seat of truth
is God's
revelation,
contained
primarily in the
inspired Word,
but manifest
also in creation,
and this truth,
though on its
highest level
received by
faith, can also
be known
through our
reason,
enlightened by
the Holy Spirit.

Famous Scriptures

the supreme
reality as Self.
People must
recover truths
themselves,
not just accept
them on blind
faith or from
the testimony
of others.
Vedas (sacred
knowledge)

Buddhist
thought
and
practice.
To
seek
moderation
and avoid the
extremes
of
self-indulgence
and
selfmortification.
The Analects

the Daodejing or Lao

zi (3rd Cn. B.C.E.) and
the Zhuangzi (4th-3rd C
n. B.C.E.)

Quran

Bible