2015 Wireline Services Catalog

Wireline Services Catalog
The services in this catalog are grouped

by their applications. Each service is
briefly described and its measurement
and mechanical specifications listed.
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*Mark of Schlumberger 2015 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners.
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Schlumberger
3750 Briarpark Drive
Houston, Texas 77042
slb.com
Copyright 2015 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
recording, without the prior written permission of the publisher. While the information
presented herein is believed to be accurate, it is provided as is without express or
implied warranty. Specifications are current at the time of printing. Temperature
ratings are for the internal tool components.
14-FE-0074
An asterisk (*) is used throughout this document to denote a mark of Schlumberger.
Othercompany, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners.
Cover photograph of the Discoverer Enterprise courtesy of Transocean.
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Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Health, Safety, and the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health, Safety, and the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HSE Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HSE Policy Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Surface Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Surface acquisition and imaging systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
InterACT* global connectivity, collaboration, and information service . . . . . . . . . . .
Data formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telemetry systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optimum Service LandCarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Universal Payload Medium Service Land Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18,000- and 26,000-lbf offshore units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wireline high-tension conveyance systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Integrated wireline conveyance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Well Conveyance Planner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conveyance in the hostile conditions of high pressure andhigh temperature . . . .
Strengthening cable capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Improving surface equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enhancing telemetry and downholetool power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TuffLINE* torque-balanced composite wireline cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UltraTRAC* and UltraTRAC Mono* all-terrainwireline tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TuffTRAC* and TuffTRAC Mono* casedholeservices tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MaxTRAC* downhole wireline tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drillpipe-assisted wireline deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LWF* logging-while-fishing service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TLC* tough logging conditionssystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depth measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Logging Platforms and Suites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scanner Family* rock and fluid characterization services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Openhole Scanner services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cased hole Scanner services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Platform Express* integrated wireline logging tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ThruBit* through-the-bit logging services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multi Express* slim multiconveyance formation evaluation platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Xtreme* HPHT well logging platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SlimXtreme* slimhole HPHT well logging platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPL* integrated porosity lithology service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ABC* analysis behind casing services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbonate Advisor* petrophysics and productivity analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DecisionXpress* petrophysical evaluation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DeepLook-EM* crosswell electromagnetic imaging service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PS Platform* production services platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Dielectric Dispersion Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Dielectric Scanner* multifrequencydielectricdispersion service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Resistivity Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rt Scanner* triaxial induction service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Induction tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AIT* array induction imager tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Platform Express array induction imager tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hostile Environment Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SlimXtreme Array Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Laterolog tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ARI* azimuthal resistivityimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HRLA* high-resolution laterolog array tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-Resolution Azimuthal Laterolog Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Microresistivity tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MicroSFL* spherically focused resistivity tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Micro-Cylindrically Focused Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Powered Caliper Device with microlog tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHFR-Plus* and CHFR-Slim* casedholeformationresistivity tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Nuclear Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gamma ray tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spectral gamma ray tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NGS* natural gamma ray spectrometry tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hostile Environment Natural Gamma Ray Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Litho Scanner* high-definition spectroscopy service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECS* elemental capture spectroscopy sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neutron porosity tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CNL* compensated neutron logging tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Highly Integrated Gamma Ray Neutron Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SlimXtreme Compensated Neutron Porosity Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHFP* cased hole formation porosity service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Array Porosity Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APS* accelerator porosity sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hostile Environment Accelerator Porosity Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RSTPro* reservoir saturation tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Density tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Three-Detector Lithology Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Litho-Density* Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hostile Environment Lithology Density Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SlimXtreme Litho-Density Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

MR Scanner* expert magnetic resonance service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
CMR-Plus* combinable magnetic resonance tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Acoustic Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Sonic Scanner* acoustic scanning platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
ThruBit Dipole* through-the-bit acoustic service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
DSI* dipole shear sonic imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Monopole acoustic tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Digital Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
SlimXtreme Sonic LoggingTool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
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Dipmeter and Imaging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Quanta Geo* photorealistic reservoir geology service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
FMI-HD* high-definition formation microimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
FMI* fullbore formation microimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
UBI* ultrasonic borehole imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
OBMI* oil-base microimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Drilling and Directional Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
GPIT general purpose inclinometry tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Q-Borehole* integrated borehole seismic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
VSI* versatile seismicimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
SWINGS* seismic navigation and positioning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
TRISOR* acoustic sourcecontrol element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Q-Borehole integrated borehole seismic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
DeepLook-CS* crosswell seismic imaging service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
CSI* combinable seismicimager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Q-Borehole Explorer* high-output, wide-bandwidth truck vibrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Other land seismic sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Marine seismic sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Formation Testing and Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
MDT Forte* and MDT Forte-HT* rugged and high-temperature modular formation
dynamicstesters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
MDT* modular formation dynamics tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Saturn* 3D radial probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Quicksilver Probe* focused fluidextraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
InSitu Fluid Analyzer* real-time downhole fluid analysis system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Composition* and InSitu CO2* sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu GOR* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Color* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Density* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Viscosity* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Fluorescence* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu pH* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
InSitu Resistivity* sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Pressure and temperature sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Fluid profiling characterization of reservoir fluid properties variation . . . . . . . . . . . 154
InSitu Pro* real-time quality control andinterpretation software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Advanced MDT tester modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Dual-Packer Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Dual-Probe Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Flow-Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Pumpout Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
LFA* live fluid analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
CFA* composition fluid analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
MDT tester low-shock sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
MDT tester Multisample Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Contents
PressureXpress-HT* high-temperature reservoir pressure service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

PressureXpress* reservoir pressure while logging service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
SRFT* slimhole repeat formation tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
CHDT* cased hole dynamics tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
XL-Rock* large-volume rotary sidewall coring service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
MSCT* mechanical sidewall coring tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
CST* chronological sample taker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Well Integrity Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Isolation Scanner* cement evaluation service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Cement bond logging tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
SlimXtreme Sonic LoggingTool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Cement bond log from Digital Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Cement bond log from Hostile Environment Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Slim Cement Mapping Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Memory Slim Cement Bond Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
USI* ultrasonic imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
EM Pipe Scanner* electromagnetic casing inspection tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Corrosion monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
UCI* ultrasonic casing imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
PS Platform Multifinger Imaging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Production Logging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Flow Scanner* horizontal and deviated well production logging system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
PS Platform production services platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
RSTPro reservoir saturation tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
WFL* water flow log from the RSTPro reservoir saturation tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
RSTPro tool with silica activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
CPLT* combinable production logging tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Combinable Gamma Ray Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Phase Velocity Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
FloView* holdup measurement tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Multiple-Isotope Spectroscopy Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Perforating Services and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
SPAN Rock* stressed rock perforating analysis andSchlumberger premium charges . . 211
PowerJet Nova* extradeep penetrating shaped charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
PowerJet Omega* deep penetrating perforating shaped charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
PFrac Nova* perforating charge for optimizing stimulation treatment . . . . . . . . . . . 212
PowerFlow* slug-free big hole shaped charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Perforating explosives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Gun systems and charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Capsule gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Enerjet* expendable strip gun system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Pivot Gun* through-tubing perforating gun system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
PowerSpiral* spiral-phased capsule perforating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Hollow carrier perforating gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
HSD* high shot density perforating gun system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Fractal* multistage stimulation perforating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Frac Gun multistage fracture stimulation perforating gun system . . . . . . . . . . 216
vi
PURE* clean perforations system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Detonation systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Secure2* RF-safe electronic detonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
S.A.F.E.* slapper-actuated firing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
ASFS* addressable-switch firing system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Perforating accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Casing collar locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
UPCT* universal perforating and correlation tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
PGGT* powered gun gamma tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
WPP* wireline perforating platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Wireline Oriented Perforating Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Through-tubing perforating positioning devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Magnetic Positioning Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Spring Positioning Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Wireline Perforating Anchor Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Cutters and colliding tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
PowerCutter* precision tubular cutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Punchers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Well Intervention Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
ReSOLVE* instrumented wireline intervention service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
High-force linear actuator tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Selective universal shifting tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Nonexplosive setting tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Milling tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Casing Packer Setting Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Gauge ring and junk basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
PosiSet* mechanical plugback tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Auxiliary Measurements and Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Caliper log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Auxiliary Compression Tension Sub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Environmental Measurement Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
FPIT* free-point indicator tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
CERT* correlated electromagnetic retrieval tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Contents
vii
Introduction
Introduction
During the early 1900s Conrad and
Marcel Schlumberger experimented
with surface electrical measurements as
a way of defining the Earths subsurface
structure. In 1927 they performed their
experiment in an oil well in France for
the Pechelbronn Oil Company.
The result was the first electrical
log, and it showed conclusively that geologic formations penetrated by the drill
could be identified by electrical measurements. The electric log gave eyes to
the oil finders, who previously could rely
only on drill cuttings and coresamples.
In the years since that historicevent
in France, Schlumberger has become
the worlds leading supplier of technology, integrated project management,
and information solutions to customers working in the oil and gas industry
worldwide. Employing approximately
123,000 people representing over
140nationalities and working in more
than 85 countries, Schlumberger provides the industrys widest range of
products and services from exploration
through production.
Schlumberger is organized as an
integrated oilfield services company
in GeoMarket* regions that provide
customers with a single point of contact
at the local level for field operations and
bring together geographically focused
teams to meet local needs and deliver
customized solutions. Working together
with the companys 15 product lines, the

GeoMarket regions provide a powerful
conduit through which information
and know-how flow to the customers,
and through which Schlumberger
engineers and geoscientists maximize
technological synergies over the entire
life of the field.
The importance of the timely flow
of information is especially true in the
oil and gas industry, where critical
decisions hinge upon the availability of
data. Data acquired by Schlumberger
is made available to operators in real
time by using the Internet and satellite
communication networks. Decisions
made on the basis of these data can be
implemented quickly and efficiently.
As wells proliferate in deeper water
depths with attendant high pressures
and high temperatures, the operating
envelope of logging tools is also being
expanded to provide the same reliable
performance and high-quality data as
in conventional wells. Similarly, well
geometries are becoming increasingly
complex. To meet this challenge,
most logging tools in use today can be
conveyed on drillpipe, coiled tubing, or
wireline tractors to address a wide range
of well conditions.
Oil fields around the world are aging,
driving an increasing need to evaluate
old wells. Schlumberger provides stateof-the-art formation evaluation services
in cased wells, including measurements

that until recently were available only
in openhole environments. On a larger
scale, efficient decision making for
full-field enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
projects progresses from measurements
for determining feasibility to pilot
projects for understanding the complex
interaction of injected agents with
existing reservoir fluids in the everchanging downhole environment.
Production logging, cement and
corrosion evaluation, and nuclear
measurements made after casing has
been set are increasingly used to identify
problems and monitor well performance.
The comprehensive Schlumberger line
of production services is engineered
for safety, reliability, and performance.
New perforation systems have also been
developed with a focus on maximizing
production by engineering shaped
charges to shoot deeper in stressed rock
at downhole pressures and temperatures.
The services in this catalog are
grouped according to their applications.
A brief description of each service
and its measurement and mechanical
specifications are included. For
more information on designing a
logging program to meet your specific
needs, contact your Schlumberger
representative.
Introduction
Health, Safety, and

the Environment
Health, Safety, and

the Environment
Schlumberger has a long-standing HSE
commitment to the highest standards
for the health and safety of our employees, customers, and contractors as well
as to the protection of the environment
in the communities in which we live
and work.
HSE Management System

The Schlumberger HSE Management
System defines the principles by which
we conduct our operations worldwide
with regards to health, safety, and the
environment.
Management communicates the
HSE philosophy to all employees, customers, contractors, and third parties
associated with our business, and each
Schlumberger organization must provide positive evidence of conformance to
thesystem.
The HSE Management System model

comprises eight interrelated components:
commitment and leadership
andaccountability
policies and objectives
organization and resources
contractor and supplier
management
risk management
business processes
performance monitoring and
improvement
audits and reviews.
These are continuously improved by

conformance checks
on day-to-day standards and
procedures (controls)
on the management system
(correction)
through modifications to
the management system
(improvement).
Commitment and Leadership and Accountability
Improvement
Policies and Objectives
Organization and Resources
Contractor and Supplier Management

Corrections
Risk Management
Business Processes
Performance Monitoring and Improvement
Controls
Audits and Reviews
Health, Safety, and the Environment
HSE Policy Statement

Statement from Paal Kibsgaard, Schlumberger Chief Executive Officer
The long-term business success of Schlumberger depends on our ability to continually improve the
quality of our services and products while protecting people and the environment. Emphasis must be
placed on ensuring human health, operational safety, environmental protection, quality enhancement,
and community goodwill. This commitment is in the best interests of our customers, our employees and
contractors, our stockholders, and the communities in which we live and work.
Schlumberger requires the active commitment to, and accountability for, QHSE from all employees
and contractors. Line management has a leadership role in the communication and implementation of,
and ensuring compliance with, QHSE policies and standards. We are committed to
Protect, and strive for improvement of, the health, safety and security of our people at all times;
Eliminate Quality non-conformances and HSE accidents;
Meet specified customer requirements and ensure continuous customer satisfaction;
Set Quality & HSE performance objectives, measure results, assess and continually improve processes,
services and product quality, through the use of an effective management system;
Plan for, respond to and recover from any emergency, crisis and business disruption;
Minimize our impact on the environment through pollution prevention, reduction of natural resource
consumption and emissions, and the reduction and recycling of waste;
Apply our technical skills to all HSE aspects in the design and engineering of our services and products;
Communicate openly with stakeholders and ensure an understanding of our QHSE policies, standards,
programs and performance. Reward outstanding QHSE performance;
Improve our performance on issues relevant to our stakeholders that are of global concern and on
which we can have an impact, and share with them our knowledge of successful QHSE programs
andinitiatives.
This Policy shall be regularly reviewed to ensure ongoing suitability. The commitments listed are
in addition to our basic obligation to comply with Schlumberger standards, as well as all applicable
laws and regulations where we operate. This is critical to our business success because it allows us
tosystematically minimize all losses and adds value for all our stakeholders.
Paal Kibsgaard
Chief Executive Officer
Last Update on 14 December 2011
Surface Systems
Surface Acquisition and Imaging Systems

All Schlumberger new-generation
wireline logging units are equipped
with the Enhanced Wireline Acquisition
Front-End (eWAFE). The eWAFE
systems modular, versatile, and fully
redundant architecture improves on
the predecessor MAXIS* multitask
acquisition and imaging system to enable
combining and conveying the latest and
most complex array of sensors in the
Schlumberger portfolio. Under the full
configuration, eight programmable,
high-density universal power modules
(UPMs) can simultaneously supply
several types of power (AC, DC, EMEX,
and three-phase AC) at more than

3times the output power of the MAXIS
system. In the event of a modular unit
failure, the field engineer can switch
to the built-in backup module with
minimum downtime.
The eWAFE system interfaces downhole tools with the high-end acquisition
and data-recording processors of the
Modular Configuration MAXIS system
(MCM) through MaxWell* integrated
field acquisition software. MaxWell software provides data acquisition and tool
control functionality, real-time playback
capabilities, wellsite answer solutions
comparable to those from a processing

center, and real-time data transmission
via satellite or the communications
module built into the eWAFE system.
In combination with InterACT* global
connectivity, collaboration, and information service, the eWAFE system
securely delivers real-time log data
from remote sites to support timely decision making concerning the reservoir
and well.
Surface Systems
11
Data Delivery
Schlumberger recognizes that the data
gathered in the field must be transferred
to the users as reliably and as quickly as
possible. To this end, Schlumberger has
a proven global data delivery network
that securely, reliably, and efficiently
transfers data from remote sites. Data
can be transmitted from the wellsite and
forwarded via e-mail, facsimile, and File
Transfer Protocol (FTP). Schlumberger
InterACT global connectivity, collaboration, and information service furthers
real-time data accessibility from a Web
browser. InterACT service supports
transfer of real-time wireline, drilling,
and completion data
secure, managed sharing of project
data with third parties and partners
all project data gathered in one
location, regardless of who produced
them.
InterACT global connectivity,

collaboration, and
information service
InterACT global connectivity, collaboration, and information service is a
user-friendly, intuitive system that
requires no installation of specialized
software. From a connection to either
the Internet or a local intranet, data
are downloaded or viewed using interactive, customizable graphics viewers
on a PC or conveniently on iPhone
and iPad mobile digital devices by
using InterACT services app. Real-time
data can be automatically and continuously delivered to and viewed on the
users computer or mobile device.
The wellsite engineer simply uploads

graphical or digital data to the InterACT
website for remote users to view or
analyze in real time. Formats supported
include Digital Log Information Standard
(DLIS), Log ASCII Standard (LAS), and
American Standard Code for Information
Interchange (ASCII) for digital data
and Picture Description System (PDS),
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), or
many other file types for graphical data.
The embedded log graphics viewer
provides options to view and manipulate
wireline data. For example, wireline and
drilling data can be viewed concurrently
on the same log presentation.
During operations such as reservoir
sampling, experts at different locations can collaborate on data viewed or
interpreted in real time for immediate
decision making on critical issues.
The most difficult part of data
exchange is sending data from a remote
site. Because local telecommunication
systems in some areas can be unreliable, Schlumberger uses proprietary
transfer protocols to ensure robust
data transfer. Encrypted data are compressed for efficiency, and automatic
link recovery is available if telecommunications breaks occur. This superior
transfer process means that InterACT
service can be used even in areas with
unsophisticated communication links.
InterACT service uses best-in-class
security standards for both hardware
and software. All data transfer uses
128-bit Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
encryption. The system meets industry
security standards, minimizing the risk
of data disclosure. If an intranet-only
solution is preferred, Schlumberger can
install and maintain the system in the

customers office.
The same process used for internal
team members easily controls partner
access to data. Because the data reside
centrally in the system database, there
is no need for continual updates and
distribution. Partners access specified
data at the operators discretion.
Data formats
MaxWell integrated field acquisition
software creates and records three
industry formats:
DLISCreated by Schlumberger
initially as the Log Information
Standard (LIS), DLIS is the
industry standard today for
allwellacquisition data.
LAS and ASCIIThis reduced
dataset is regularly used for
interpretation conducted on
standard PCs and is compatible
with customer-proprietary and
commercially available software.
Portable document format (PDF)
This file format for electronic
images is used for graphical display,
manipulation, and printing of data
curves and imaging logs.
Other limited formats can be generated upon request.
12
Telemetry systems
The telemetry system provides the
interface through which data are
delivered from the downhole toolstring
to the surface data acquisition and
processing system.
High-rate telemetry systemThe
Enhanced Digital Telemetry System
(EDTS) uses an enhanced fast
tool bus (EFTB) in downhole tools
to provide data rates up to 2 Mbps
for the uplink rate. EDTS and
EFTB Versions 2.0 double the data
transmission bandwidth up to 4 Mbps
and are backward compatible with all
existing EDTS and EFTB systems. This
represents a 40% increase in bandwidth
compared with the first-generation
Cable Telemetry System (CTS). Along
with the enhanced wireline hepta
cable (AWG 18 and 16 conductors and

new-generation polymer), EDTS 2.0
and EFTB 2.0 use state-of-the-art error
detection and correction protocols to
ensure highly reliable high-rate data
transmission with the lowest error
rate on cables exceeding 40,000 ft
[12,200m] in length.
Medium-rate telemetry system
The Monocable Telemetry System
(MTS) has been specially developed for
mono cable or coaxial cable operations
in cased hole applications. MTS is a
single-channel quadrature amplitude
modulation (QAM) link with data
speed rates from 10 to 100 Kbps for the
uplink rate. MTS comes as a separate
downhole cartridge or is incorporated
in the hardware of a downhole tool
using MTS.
Low-rate telemetry systemThe

Low-Bandwidth Telemetry System
(LTS) is the latest addition to extend
bandwidth coverage to very low data
rates for certain services. LTS telemetry
rates range from a few hundred bits per
second up to 10 Kbps. LTS operates in
parallel and transparently to the main
EDTS and MTS telemetry systems,
and the related downhole hardware is
incorporated in the downhole tool.
Specifications
EDTC-H Telemetry Cartridge
Temperature rating
400 degF [204 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Outside diameter
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
Surface Systems
13
Field Units
Optimum Service
LandCarrier
Universal Payload Medium

Service Land Carrier
18,000- and 26,000-lbf

offshore units
The Optimum Service Land Carrier

(OSLC) is used to perform open- or
cased hole logging operations. The
design emphasis for this integrated,
full-service logging carrier minimizes
the overall size of the truck but still
provides full cable capacity by allowing
the use of existing large-capacity
winch drum reels (WDRs). The
resulting unit efficiently performs fullservice operations from an inter
mediate-size vehicle. The OSLC also
has excellent off-road capabilities
through its 64 drive configuration.
The cabin layout has both the winch
operator and engineer facing the rig.
The three versions of the OSLC are
equipped with the fully redundant
eWAFE acquisition system and can
carry a maximum of 28,000 ft [8,500m]
of 7-46 standard cable or 26,500 ft
[8,080 m] of high-power, high-tension
hepta cable on the WDR-42 drum.
OSLC-G is built on the Renault
Trucks 64 K 380 chassis meeting
Euro 5 emissions regulations in
Europe or Euro 3 outside Europe
and North America.
OSLC-H is the equivalent North
American truck, compliant with
US EPA 2007 and recent 2010
emissions regulations. It is built on
the Kenworth 64 T800 chassis.
OSLC-F is similar to the OSLC-G.
Built on the Renault 66 K 380
chassis and equipped with Euro 3
engines, its main application is
offroad desert operations.
The latest generation MediumService

Land Carrier is the Universal Payload
(UPL), which features an eWAFEequipped (upgradable to fully redundant eWAFE configuration) medium
service logging cabin that is integrated
with various chassis by employing
specifically designed subframes. This
modular design makes it easy to export
the UPL to meet emissions regulations
for different locations. The cabin is
fitted onsite on a locally available and
qualified chassis, which avoids delays
from lengthy customs clearance and
emissions compliance determination
for a fully integrated vehicle. North
American integration is conducted in
the USA, Southeast Asia (right-hand
drive) integration is in Australia, and
all others are in France. The UPL
replaces the MAXIS Express* Medium
Service Land Carrier (MSLC) with
similar specifications: 44 or 42
chassis, 16,000 ft [4,880 m] of standard 7-46 logging cable on the WDR-56
drum, and suitable for most openhole
and cased hole operations.
Schlumberger heavy-duty modular offshore skid units are used to deploy

standard high-strength cable and
TuffLINE* 18000 and 26000 torquebalanced composite wireline cables.
The OSU-PA and OSU-PB units using
TuffLINE 18000 cable can provide
instantaneous pull of up to 18,000lbf
[80,070 N] for stick prevention and
mitigation without a capstan. If operating conditions will result in normal
logging tension exceeding 13,000 lbf
[57,800N], the OSU-PA or OSU-PB can
be interfaced with a capstan to provide up to 21,500-lbf [95,640-N] pull
capacity with standard high-strength
cable. The OSU-N unit interfaced with
the 26,000lbf [115,660N] capstan
and TuffLINE 26000 cable can provide
26,000-lbf pull capacity with more than
43,000ft [13,100 m] of cable capacity
on the drum.
The OSU-PB and the MONU-B are
CE-marked electrohydraulic units
certified for Zone 2 operations.
14
Specifications
Modular components
OSU-PA and OSU-PB

Offshore Units
MONU-B Offshore Unit
OSU-N Offshore Unit
Power pack module (POSU):

Diesel (OSU-PA)
Electrohydraulic (OSU-PB)
Power pack module (EHPS):

Electrohydraulic

Redundant, dualelectrohydraulic,
baseframe mounted
Logging module (COSU):

High-tension cabin
Logging module (ONCC):

Offshore NORSOK-compliant cabin

Ultradeepwater cabin
High-tension cabin
Winch module (WOSU):

High-tension WOSU
with WDR59 drum
Winch module (WDDS or WOSU):

Zonerated WDDS with
WDR-59 drum
High-tension WOSU
with WDR-59 drum
Acquisition system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Drum capacity
WDR-59 with TuffLINE 18000

cable:33,000 ft [10,060 m]

cable:33,000ft [10,060 m]

cable:43,000ft[13,100 m]
cable:33,000ft[10,060 m]
Pull capacity without capstan
WOSU: 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
WDDS: 11,400 lbf [50,710 N]

WOSU: 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
Capstan pull capability
Zone-rated, deck-mounted dual drum

(WDDC-BB): 24,000 lbf [106,760 N]
ATEX zone-rated, CE-marked, deckorderrick-mounted dual drum
(ZPPC): 24,000 lbf [106,760 N]
ATEX zone-rated, CE-marked,

deckorderrick-mounted dual drum
(ZPPC):24,000lbf [106,760 N]

(WDDC-BC): 26,000lbf [115,660 N]
Special applications
Single or modular deployment

DNV 2.7-1, 2.7-2, 2-22
OSU-PB: CE and ATEX Zone 2
Modular deployment
WOSU: DNV 2.7-1, 2.7-2, 2-22
NORSOK and CE Zone 2
Single deployment
DNV 2.7-1
Quick-swap winch drum capability
Surface Systems

Ultradeepwater WOSU
with WDR-70 drum
High-tension WOSU
with WDR-59 drum
15
Wireline High-Tension Conveyance Systems

Integrated wireline
conveyance
From conventional well environments
to ultradeep and highly deviated
wells and where increased pulling
power is required, Schlumberger
provides efficient and reliable wireline
conveyance. The deployment of
TuffLINE torque-balanced composite
wireline cable on an integrated hightension conveyance system expands
wireline data acquisition capabilities
with unprecedented improvements
in safety, efficiency, reliability, and
sticking avoidance, especially for hightension operations. The integration
of high-strength cable, heavy-duty
modular logging units, an optional
capstan package providing complete
This comprehensive planning tool

recommends the optimal conveyance
system while identifying system
components that exceed specifications.
The user can modify operational
conditions and equipment and also
specify customer requirements for
the planner to recompute conveyance
capabilities. To avoid the operational
limitations of mechanical weakpoints
and previous-generation ECRDs, a
SureLOC cable release device is used.
The design can also incorporate a
wide range of WellSKATE low-friction
conveyance accessories to significantly
decrease the risk of differential sticking
by rolling instead of sliding to reduce
friction coefficients and by keeping the
toolstring away from the borehole wall.
tension relief, WellSKATE* low-friction

well conveyance accessories, and the
SureLOC* electronically controlled
cable release device (ECRD) as
designed using the Well Conveyance
Planner means that well trajectories
and conditions that were not previously
wireline accessible no longer have
to automatically resort to alternative
methods of conveyance. As necessary,
wireline deployment can be augmented
with the use of wireline tractors.
Well Conveyance Planner

Reliable conveyance for both routine
and high-tension operations begins
with calculation of the pulling
capabilities and associated operating
risk by the Well Conveyance Planner.
Sheave hanger
Sheave wheel
TuffLINE cable
Winch drum
Optional capstan
Offshore unit
Tieback sling
Weakpoint
Capstan-free pull capability: 18,000 lbf

Pull capability with capstan:
TuffLINE 26000 cable: 26,000 lbf
SureLOC
cable release device
Antisticking accessories
The integrated wireline high-tension conveyance system provides efficient and reliable deployment.
16
Specifications
SureLOC Cable Release Device
Safe working load
SureLOC 8000: 8,000 lbf [35,580 N]

SureLOC 12000: 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
Max. tool-release head tension
At surface: 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
Temperature rating
SureLOC 8000: 400 degF [204 degC]

SureLOC 12000: 500 degF [260 degC]
SureLOC 8000: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
SureLOC 12000: 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
SureLOC 12000: MP35N HS-resistant alloy
Pressure rating
Conveyance in the hostile

conditions of high pressure
andhigh temperature
Strengthening cable
capabilities
When ultradeep wells are logged, their
pressure and temperature are not the
only concerns: extreme depths limit
conventional high-strength wireline
conveyance because of the high surface
tension that results from increased
drag and the weight of the logging
cable itself. Deploying logging tools on
drillpipe using the TLC* tough logging
conditions system can overcome these
limitations, but TLC operations take
more time and cost more because of
the reduced efficiency associated
with tripping drillpipe. To solve the
ultradeep well dilemma, TuffLINE
18000 and 26000 composite cables were
developed as the central element of
the integrated wireline high-tension
conveyance system. From the cable
through the surface equipment, the
system provides a complete conveyance
solution for every possible extreme well
Wireline formation evaluation technology and its conveyance are put to the
test when logging deep wells. As wells
get deeper, the pressure and temperature rise, which increases the risks associated with deployment and operation.
Wells with static bottomhole temperatures greater than 302degF [150degC],
bottomhole pressures higher than
20,000 psi [138MPa], or both conditions
are generally regarded as high pressure,
high temperature (HPHT). However,
despite the increased risks and costs of
HPHT operations, the number of deep
and ultradeep wells drilled continues
to grow worldwide. The challenges that
the depths, pressures, and temperatures of these wells present to formation evaluation are met by the following
significant technological developments
in conveyance.
650
High temperature
High pressure
550
Reservoir
temperature,
degF
450
350
250
Conventional
150
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
Reservoir pressure, psi

Global HPHT conditions pose challenges for wireline deployment and operations.
35,000
environment: HPHT, ultradeepwater,

extended-reach, and complex trajectory
wells. The efficiency gains resulting from
wireline logging of ultradeep wells by
using the integrated conveyance system
translate to significant cost savings for
the operator.
TuffLINE torque-balanced composite wireline cable employs the breakthrough technology of polymer-locked
armors to effectively overcome the
fundamental limitations of conventional armored cables. The result is
not just high-strength capability, but
also unprecedented improvements in
safety. TuffLINE 26000 cable is the
industrys highest-strength cable, with
a safe working load (SWL) of 26,000 lbf
[115,650 N] and an ends-free breaking strength in excess of 40,000 lbf
[178,000 N].
Polymer locking of the inner and
outer armors balances TuffLINE 18000
cables torque in a consistent low state.
With only negligible torque buildup
possible, birdcaging and premature cable
breakage are prevented. TuffLINE18000
cable also incorporates a unique
polymer-reinforced crush-resistant core.
Improving surface equipment

Improved surface equipment is another
critical component of the integrated
conveyance system for deploying
TuffLINE 18000 and 26000 cables at
high tension and in HPHT conditions.
Operations with continuous logging
tensions of 13,000 lbf [57,800 N] or
lower can deploy TuffLINE cable
using a Schlumberger modular heavyduty offshore unit without involving a
capstan, which significantly reduces
risk. When logging tension exceeds
13,000 lbf or maximum pull tension
in excess of 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
is required, an optional dual-drum
capstan can be employed. The dualdrum capstan is a powered multisheave
conveyance system that is placed
between the well and the logging
unit to decrease the cable tension
below the cable-crushing tension of
8,000 lbf [35,580 N] before the cable
Surface Systems
17
is spooled onto the storage drum. Full

integration of capstan control with
the storage drum provides a safer,
seamless operation and enables the
winch operator to focus on the well
conditions. The specially designed
high-tension dual-drum system
conveying TuffLINE 26000 cable can
safely sustain 26,000-lbf tension in
the well at conveyance speeds to
15,000ft/h [4,570m/h].
Enhancing telemetry and

downholetool power
The extralong cables required for
ultradeep well logging must be capable of transmitting sufficient power
downhole to run high-power, complex
toolstrings while enabling seamless
transmission of increasingly larger
amounts of data uphole to the surface.

Because of physical limitations, data
transmission telemetry systems have
proved to be unreliable at extreme well
depths. When long cables are run in
deep wells, the amount of power and
telemetry bandwidth available at the
tool end is limited by the cable conductor line resistance. Increasing the well
temperature raises the line resistance
and adversely affects cable transmission
characteristics, further limiting power
and telemetry transmission.
Unlike standard high-strength
cables, TuffLINE 18000 cable has
18 AWG gauge conductors and
TuffLINE 26000 cable has industryleading 16 AWG gauge conductors
enabling reliable conveyance of tool
combinations longer than 175 ft
[53 m] and at 4,000-lbf [17,790N]
weight in well depths exceeding
40,000ft [12,190m]. Combining tools

reduces the number of descents in the
well, saving an average of 12 h or more
per trip on a deepwater rig.
Complementing TuffLINE cables
high-capacity electrical power and
telemetry capabilities, the OSU-PA and
OSU-PB surface units are Det Norske
Veritas (DNV) 2.22 certified to pull
to 18,000 lbf. The OSU-N unit combined with the high-tension dual-drum
capstan system can store 43,000 ft
[13,100 m] of TuffLINE 26000 cable
and sustain 26,000-lbf tension. All
these high-tension heavy-duty units are
equipped with the highly integrated
Enhanced Wireline Acquisition FrontEnd (eWAFE) acquisition system to provide full redundancy, increased power,
and enhanced telemetry for deploying
large, seamless tool combinations in
ultradeep wells.
Specifications
Modular components
OSU-PA and OSU-PB

Offshore Units
MONU-B Offshore Unit
OSU-N Offshore Unit

Diesel (OSU-PA)
Electrohydraulic (OSU-PB)
Power pack module (EHPS):

Electrohydraulic

Redundant, dualelectrohydraulic,
baseframe mounted

High-tension cabin
Logging module (ONCC):

Offshore NORSOK-compliant cabin

Ultradeepwater cabin
High-tension cabin

High-tension WOSU
with WDR59 drum
Winch module (WDDS or WOSU):

Zonerated WDDS with
WDR-59 drum
High-tension WOSU
with WDR-59 drum
Acquisition system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Full-configuration
dual eWAFE system
Drum capacity

cable:33,000 ft [10,060 m]

cable:33,000ft [10,060 m]

cable:43,000ft[13,100 m]
cable:33,000ft[10,060 m]
Pull capacity without capstan
WOSU: 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
WDDS: 11,400 lbf [50,710 N]

WOSU: 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
Capstan pull capability

(WDDC-BB): 24,000 lbf [106,760 N]
ATEX zone-rated, CE-marked, deckorderrick-mounted dual drum
(ZPPC): 24,000 lbf [106,760 N]
ATEX zone-rated, CE-marked,

deckorderrick-mounted dual drum
(ZPPC):24,000lbf [106,760 N]

(WDDC-BC): 26,000lbf [115,660 N]
Single or modular deployment

DNV 2.7-1, 2.7-2, 2-22
OSU-PB: CE and ATEX Zone 2
Modular deployment
WOSU: DNV 2.7-1, 2.7-2, 2-22
NORSOK and CE Zone 2
Single deployment
DNV 2.7-1
Quick-swap winch drum capability

Ultradeepwater WOSU
with WDR-70 drum
High-tension WOSU
with WDR-59 drum
18
TuffLINE
Torque-Balanced Composite Wireline Cable
With high-strength capability, cable
conveyance remains the most costeffective method for deploying tools
in and out of wells. For increasing
well depths, trajectory complexity,
and toolstring weight, Schlumberger
has developed TuffLINE 18000 and
26000 ultrastrength wireline cables
for operations with up to 18,000 lbf
[80,070N] and 26,000lbf [115,650N]
tension, respectively. TuffLINE 18000
and 26000 composite cables employ
the breakthrough technology of
polymer-locked armors to overcome
the fundamental limitations of current
armored cables. Polymer locking of
both the inner and outer armors means
that the cable is torque balanced,
remaining in a consistent state of
low torque to prevent birdcaging and
premature cable breakage. Polymer
locking of the armors prevents rotation
to effectively maintain TuffLINE
cable in a permanent ends-fixed

situation, which raises the ends-free
breaking strength safety margins to an
unprecedented 9,000lbf [40,000N] for
TuffLINE 18000 cable and 10,000 lbf
[44,450 N] for TuffLINE 26000 cable
above the safe working load.
The multilayered core of TuffLINE
18000 cable is crushproof. Cold flow
and the permanent deformation it
causes are further prevented by the
polymer locking of the armors. Spooling
tensions to 13,000 lbf [57,800 N] and
instantaneous pull to 18,000 lbf are
possible for TuffLINE 18000 cable
without requiring use of a tensionrelief capstan or having to resort to
time-consuming pipe-conveyed operations. TuffLINE 26000 cable can be
spooled at any tension up to 26,000 lbf
because it is deployed with a capstan.
Incorporation of 18 AWG gauge

connectors in TuffLINE 18000 cable
and AWG 16 gauge connectors in
TuffLINE 26000 cable enables the
reliable conveyance of significantly
larger, seamless tool combinations in
deeper wells.
Applications
Deepwater and ultradeepwater
wells
Extended-reach and complex
trajectory wells
Deepwater wells with rig-up
constraints for capstan operations
Reservoir sampling and pressure
measurement involving long
station times with long and
heavytoolstrings
Specifications
TuffLINE 18000 Cable
TuffLINE 26000 Cable
Ends-fixed breaking strength
28,000 lbf [124,550 N]
>40,000 lbf [>178,000 N]
Ends-free breaking strength
27,000 lbf [120,100 N]
>36,000 lbf [>160,150 N]
Safe working load
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
26,000 lbf [115,650 N]
Temperature rating
1 h: 465 degF [241 degC]

24 h: 240 degF [232 degC]
1 h: 465 degF [241 degC]

24 h: 240 degF [232 degC]
Cable OD
0.5 in [1.27 cm]
0.535 in [1.36 cm]
Cable weight
In air: 416 lbm/1,000 ft [189 kg/300 m]

In freshwater: 331 lbm/1,000 ft [150 kg/300 m]
In air: 524 lbm/1,000 ft [234 kg/300 m]

In freshwater: 425 lbm/1,000 ft [190 kg/300 m]
Max. (rms) voltage, V
Per helical conductor: 800

Center conductor: 1,250
Per helical conductor: 780

Center conductor: 1,235
Max. current per conductor, A
1.61
2.6
Surface Systems
19
UltraTRAC and UltraTRAC Mono

AllTerrainWireline Tractors
Delivering the farthest reach in the
industry, the modular UltraTRAC* allterrain wireline tractor provides the
highest tractor force available in combination with reverse tractoring capability, dynamic suspension, and traction
control. The UltraTRAC Mono* tractor
system adds logging-while-tractoring
functionality. Although specifically
engineered for openhole operations,
the UltraTRAC tractor performs with
the same reliability in cased hole environments, making it the ideal tractor
for conveying most wireline openhole
and cased hole services, especially for
deployment on TuffLINE 18000 and
26000 torque-balanced composite wireline cables in extended-reach wells
and for heavy payloads.
The traction force applied by the
bidirectional, high-torque UltraTRAC
tractor is precisely controlled from the
surface. Sensors incorporated in the
UltraTRAC tractor enable the engineer
to monitor tractor response and the
progress of downhole operations as the
automatic radial force regulation and
dynamic suspension systems continuously configure the tractor in real time
for optimal performance.
In addition to versatility in the
number and configuration of the drive
sections, a tandem sub can be added
to increase functionality by enabling
independent surface control of the
drive above the tandem sub from those
below. The drive section arms extend
variably and independently to span hole
diameters up to 15 in [38 cm] and are
UltraTRAC Tractor Configurations
2 drive
4 drive
3 drive
4-drive
tandem
6-drive
tandem
fitted with wheels from a wide range

of diameters and proprietary designs
optimized for the well geometry and
borehole conditions. Engineered to
withstand the impact of perforating
gun detonation as well as the vibration
generated in rugose boreholes, the
UltraTRAC tractor has low sensitivity to
well conditions.
The UltraTRAC tractor is a CE certified tool that meets the Low Voltage,
Machinery, and Pressure Equipment
Directives of the European Union.
The Tractor Planner app for iPad
devices can be used to identify
UltraTRAC tractor candidates for specific
conveyance situations.
Applications
High-force extended-reach tractor
conveyance:
Openhole formation evaluation
Openhole formation testing
Borehole imaging services
Perforating
Cement and corrosion evaluation
ReSOLVE* instrumented wireline
intervention service
Nonexplosive plug setting
High-force axial shifting
Selective shifting with a universal
shifting tool (UST)
Milling
ABC* analysis behind casing services
Production logging
8-drive
tandem
20
Mechanical Specifications
Output
Maximum speed
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Hole sizemin.
Hole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Max. pull per drive section
Max. force
Power, cable requirements
UltraTRAC Tractor
UltraTRAC Mono Tractor
Openhole logging
Cased hole perforating, logging, intervention
3,200 ft/h [975 m/h]
350 degF [177 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
3.6 in [9.1 cm]
15 in [38.1 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Drive sections: 2 to 8
Min. (2 drives): 15.35 ft [4.68 m]
8 drives: 39.19 ft [11.94 m]
400 lbf [1,780 N]
3,200 lbf [14,230 N]
AC, heptacable
Openhole logging while tractoring

Cased hole perforating, logging while tractoring, intervention
2,400 ft/h [730 m/h]
302 degF [150 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
3.6 in [9.1 cm]
15 in [38.1 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Min. (2 drives): 23.45 ft [7.15 m]
6 drives: 46.32 ft [14.12 m]
400 lbf [1,780 N]
2,400 lbf [10,675 N]
DC, multiconductor cable (mono and hepta)
Depending on wheel size

Depending on the configuration and excluding the 2.8-ft [0.85-m] logging head. The incorporated casing collar locator (CCL), head tension cell, addressable cable-release device,
and shock absorber are standard features that do not add extra length.
Surface Systems
21
TuffTRAC and TuffTRAC Mono

CasedHoleServices Tractors
TuffTRAC Mono Tractor Configurations
Two drive
sections
Three drive
sections
The modular TuffTRAC* and TuffTRAC

Mono* cased hole services tractors
employ reverse tractoring and traction
control capability through full control
of the radial force applied by the tractor
arms to operate with improved maneuverability and reduced slippage. Because
this force applied by the tractor arms is
independent of borehole size, the tractor
drives can achieve the same tractoring
force in borehole IDs from 3.4 to 10.6 in
[8.6 to 26.9cm]. The tractors low sensitivity to borehole conditions allows it to
deploy any Schlumberger cased hole service, including perforating and plug setting. The TuffTRAC Mono tractor adds
logging-while-tractoring functionality.
The two-drive configuration of
the TuffTRAC tractor is the shortest
tractor availableonly 14.2 ft [4.3 m]
in length. The Tractor Planner app for
iPad devices can be used to identify
candidate TuffTRAC tractors. Up to
six modular drive sections can be run
as needed to push heavy loads. The
tractors low power requirements
reduce stress on auxiliary systems,
eliminating the necessity for stops to
cool down, and its wheels optimize
surface electrical power to achieve
more than 45% conversion efficiency.

The tractor achieves a maximum speed
of 3,200 ft/h [975 m/h] at relatively low
power usage.
To increase safety and reliability,
the TuffTRAC tractor incorporates
a head tension cell, electrical cable
release, casing collar log (CCL), and
addressable perforating safety switch.
Other standard safety components
include a multiple-use shock absorber
and fail-safe opening system.
The TuffTRAC tractor is CE certified for Low Voltage, Machinery, and
Pressure Equipment Directives.
UltraTRAC tractor candidates for
specific conveyance situations.
Applications

Perforating operations
Plug setting
Production logging
ABC analysis behind casing services
Cement and corrosion evaluation
Mechanical intervention operations
Four drive
sections
Output
Four-drive
tandem
Six-drive
tandem
Maximum speed
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Hole sizemin.
Hole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Max. pull per drive section

Max. force
Power, cable requirements
TuffTRAC Tractor
TuffTRAC Mono Tractor
Cased hole perforating,

logging, and intervention
3,200 ft/h [975 m/h]
350 degF [177 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
3.4 in [8.6 cm]
10.6 in [26.9 cm]
3.125 in [7.94 cm]
Min. (2 drives): 11.4 ft [3.5 m]
3 drives: 14.2 ft [4.3 m]
300 lbf [1,330 N]
2,400 lbf [10,680 N]
AC, heptacable
Cased hole perforating, logging, logging while tractoring, and intervention

2,400 ft/h [730 m/h]
302 degF [150 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
3.4 in [8.6 cm]
10.6 in [26.9 cm]
3.125 in [7.94 cm]
Min. (2 drives): 18.2 ft [5.5 m]
3 drives: 21.1 ft [6.4 m]
300 lbf [1,330 N]
1,800 lbf [8,010 N]
DC, multiconductor cable
(mono and hepta)
Depending on the configuration and excluding the 2.8-ft [0.85-m] logging head. The incorporated CCL, head tension cell, addressable
cable-release device, and shock absorber are standard features that do not add extra length
22
MaxTRAC
Downhole Wireline Tractor
The MaxTRAC* downhole wireline
tractor employs an inchworm
mechanism to extend the reach of
wireline logging services in highly
deviated and horizontal wells. Its
grip design, high expansion ratio, and
compatibility with the telemetry system
of the logging tools enables it to traverse
a wide range of completions in both
cased and open holes while logging
is conducted to acquire production
loggingdata.
The integral three-arm grip of
the tractor runs it centralized. A
minimum of two tractor sondes are
run for standard operations. Up to four
sondes can be combined for additional
flexibility in difficult well conditions.
The tractor sonde uses a spring-loaded
cam to grip the casing in one direction.
The sonde then pulls the grip section
backward against the locking direction
of the cam, which causes the toolstring

to move forward. This action is
synchronized with the other sondes in
the toolstring. The reciprocating action
of the sondes produces continuous
motion of the conveyed tools.
MaxTRAC tractor candidates for specific conveyance situations.
Applications
Conveyance in highly deviated
andhorizontal wells
Logging operations in perforated
casing, slotted liners, gravel-pack
screens, and in-gauge barefoot
completions
Perforating
Production logging
Specifications
MaxTRAC Tractor
Output
Downward motion of logging tools
Tractoring speed
Standard with 500-lbm [227-kg] load:

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Max. with 300-lbm [136-kg] load: 2,500 ft/h [762 m/h]
Mud type or weight limitations
None
Combinability
Logging while tractoring
Tools using PS Platform* production services platform

telemetrysuch as the RSTPro* and SCMT* tools
No logging while tractoring
Combinable with most other tools

Combinable with perforating services
Maximum dogleg severity: 45 per 100 ft [30 m]

in 7-in [17.78-cm] casing
30 per 100 ft in 4-in [11.43-cm] casing
Surface Systems
23
Drillpipe-Assisted
Wireline Deployment
LWF logging-while-fishing
service
LWF* logging-while-fishing service
saves time and reduces cost by enabling
the resumption of logging operations
during fishing. In most cases, employing LWF service eliminates the conditioning trip required before relogging
because the fishing job is converted to
a drillpipe-assisted log that completes
the original descent in the wellbore.
LWF service can be used with most
stuck wireline tools. Operations begin
by preparing the wireline for cut-andthread fishing. The connected rope
sockets on the cable ends are housed
in a load-bearing protective torpedo
to reestablish both the mechanical
connection and electrical communication with the stuck toolstring. The tool
overshot and drillpipe are threaded
over the cable until the placement
depth is reached for the Cable Side
Entry Sub (CSES).
The CSES is placed to provide an
overlapping, continuous log, with the
maximum continuous log interval
equal to the distance between the
casing shoe and rig floor. The wireline
passes through the CSES to the outside
of the drillpipe to prevent wireline
damage during logging. A downhole
cable-severing device is also installed
to allow retrieval of the wireline if the
drillpipe becomes stuck while logging.
The fishing tools on the rig floor

are then removed from the wireline,
and the tool is repowered to prepare
for engagement of the overshot and
tool. The speed of the operation now
increases because tripping drillpipe is
quicker than threading cable through
drillpipe. When the stuck tool is
reached, engagement is less likely to
damage the tool because the reestablished electrical communication allows
monitoring tension at the tool in addition to the usual drillers method.
Once the tool is freed, logging is conducted on the TLC tough logging conditions system to continue the recording
of continuous or stationary logs.
TLC tough logging

conditionssystem
The TLC tough logging conditions
system makes it possible to deploy
tools for wireline logging in highly
deviated or horizontal wells and also
in hostile environments and deep
wells. Wireline tools are mechanically
connected beneath the drillpipe using
the Downhole Wet Connector Head
(DWCH) and run in to a predetermined
latch point. The Pump-Down Wet
Connector Head (PWCH) is then
threaded through the CSES and
pumped down to latch in the DWCH
to provide an electrical connection.
The CSES provides a complete

cable seal up to 5,000-psi [34MPa]
differential pressure. All standard tools
are rated to 20,000 psi [138 MPa].
The TLC system enables conducting
operations in otherwise impossible conditions. A key component of TLC system
operations is thorough prejob planning
that accounts for tool compressional
and tensile strengths (especially for
induction and sonic tools), hole and
casing sizes, drillpipe internal diameter
and conditions, and well conditions.
Because of the longer operational
time related to deployment on the TLC
system, special considerations apply
when well temperatures exceed 350degF
[174 degC]. The logging program must
be planned to reduce logging time at
high temperatures. Wireline tools are
typically rated to 350 degF, and all higher
temperature tools use a Dewar flask
to delay the well-generated heat from
reaching the electronic components.
Temperature limits are specified for
a holding time beyond which damage
occurs to tool electronics.
24
Depth Measurement
Depth measurement is critical for
wireline operations. An integrated depth
dual-wheel spooler (IDW) provides
calibrated absolute depth measurement
recorded on two independent wheels
kept constantly in contact with cable.
A fastest wheel logic combined with
wheel slippage automatic detection
ensures depth accuracy at all times.
Other downhole measurements are
valuable, but they must be secured
at the most precise point possible
below the Earths surface. Decision
makers rely on precise depths for
mapping geologic intervals, designing
completion procedures, and conducting
other related operational and financial
procedures. If the depth measurement
is incorrect, incorrect geologic and
economic decisions could result.
Cable and tool friction, especially

when calipers are open, cause elastic
downhole cable stretch not detected
by the IDW at surface. Friction always
opposes the movement of tool and
cable, so stretch is highest when the
tool is moving up and negligible when
the tool is moving down. Because log
data is recorded while moving up, the
tool is physically deeper than what the
IDW records on the way up but correctly
positioned on the way down. The
difference between the log-up and logdown tensions is used to compute the
elastic stretch, and a positive correction
is applied to the depth before logging
up begins. As the friction progressively
decreases while logging up, the tool
returns to the same zero point when
back at surface.
The depth and tension subsystems

of the IDW feature alarms and winch
shutdown for specified safe operating
zones of depth and tension, respectively. The upper and lower limits of
the safety zones are called setpoints
and are provided for four conditions:
low tension
high tension
top of well
bottom of well.
Winch operation is shut down automatically when any of the limits established by these setpoints are exceeded.
Surface Systems
25
Logging Platforms
and Suites
Scanner Family
Rock and Fluid Characterization Services
Scanner Family* rock and fluid characterization services scan both radially
and orthogonally at multiple depths
of investigation to provide a true 3D
image of the reservoir. Because the
Scanner* services overcome conventional measurement limitations, the
tools scan formation volumes to provide new insight into the challenges
of formation heterogeneity, anisotropy,
and asymmetry. With the ability to
measure both in open and cased holes
comes the ability to better understand
the reservoir.
Openhole Scanner services

Litho Scanner* high-definition
spectroscopy service measures both
inelastic and capture gamma ray
spectra to deliver an expanded set of
key elemental weight fractions with
higher precision and accuracy than
previously possible. Determining
total organic carbon (TOC) solely
from these direct measurements
avoids the biases introduced by conventional models and the wait for
laboratory analysis.
Dielectric Scanner* multifrequency
dielectric dispersion service measures permittivity and conductivity
for the determination of water-filled
porosity (hence water saturation
within the total porosity), water
salinity, and textural effects. In carbonates, Dielectric Scanner analysis
of rock texture delivers a continuous
in situ measurement of the Archie
mn exponents instead of relying on
estimates or waiting for laboratory
core analysis; in shaly sands, processing provides a continuous log of
the cation exchange capacity (CEC).
Dielectric
Scanner
Sonic
Scanner
EM Pipe
Scanner
Litho
Scanner
Rt
Scanner
Isolation
Scanner
Flow
Scanner
MR
Scanner
Logging Platforms and Suites
29
Sonic Scanner* acoustic scanning

platform measures compressional
and shear slownesses with multiple
borehole-compensated monopole
and crossed-dipole transducers. The
radial and axial measurements of the
stress-dependent properties of the
rocks are the basis of a comprehensive geomechanical characterization,
including classifying formations as
isotropic or anisotropic, along with
determination of the type and cause
of the anisotropyintrinsic or stress
induced from the drilling process.
Logging with Sonic Scanner platform
can be conducted in both open and
cased holes.
MR Scanner* expert magnetic resonance service profiles fluid volumes
and saturations to provide direct
hydrocarbon characterization in any
environment, including rugose boreholes, varied formation resistivities
and water salinities, heavy- and oilbase muds, low-contrast pay, and
thin formations.
Rt Scanner* triaxial induction
service calculates vertical and
horizontal resistivity (Rv and Rh,
respectively) from direct measurements while simultaneously solving for formation dip at any well
deviation. The result is enhanced
estimates of hydrocarbon and water
saturations, especially for laminated, anisotropic, or faulted formations. In addition, formation dip and
azimuth are calculated for structural interpretation.
Cased hole Scanner services

Isolation Scanner* cement evaluation
service combines classic pulse-echo
technology with a new ultrasonic
techniqueflexural wave imaging
to accurately evaluate any type of
cement, from traditional slurries and
heavy cements to the latest lightweight cements. Cement channels are
pinpointed, and the tools azimuthal
and radial coverage readily differentiates low-density solids from liquids to
distinguish lightweight cements from
contaminated cement and liquids.
Casing centralization is imaged in
high resolution, and corrosion and
drilling-induced wear are mapped
and quantified.
Flow Scanner* horizontal and deviated well production logging system deploys multiple minispinners
and arrays of electrical and optical
probes to produce real-time multiphase velocity and holdup profiles.
The result is an unambiguous realtime production log in nonvertical
wells, regardless of phase mixing or
recirculation.
EM Pipe Scanner* electromagnetic
casing inspection tool uses noninvasive electromagnetic measurements
to evaluate the integrity of well
casings by locating, identifying, and
quantifying damage and corrosion.
Because the slim-diameter tool easily passes through the tubing shoe,
corrosion is measured in production
casing without having to pull the
completion tubing.
Applications
Elemental measurements and quantitative mineralogy including TOC log
for lithology and salinity-independent
hydrocarbon saturation
Hydrocarbon volume in carbonates,
shaly or low-resistivity sands, and
heavy oil reservoirs
Location and identification
of trapped fluids
Quantification of drilling
process impact
Characterization of rock stresses
andlong-term formation integrity
Resistivity and resonance measurements in thin and low-resistivity
beds, regardless of formation dip
Confirmation of zonal isolation,
channel identification, and information oncasing-within-casing
centralization ina wide range
ofcement weights
Three-phase production logging
invertical and deviated wells
Corrosion damage evaluation in
single and multiple casing strings
30
Openhole Scanner Services

Measurement Specifications
Litho Scanner Service
Elemental yields, elemental
weightfractions, TOC,
dry-weight mineral
concentrations,
matrix properties
Dielectric Scanner Service
Sonic Scanner Platform
MR Scanner Service
Rt Scanner Service
Relative dielectric
permittivity and conductivity
at four frequencies
Compressional and shear t,

full waveforms, cement bond
quality waveforms, anisotropy
characterization
T1, T, and diffusion distributions;

lithology-independent total
porosity; bound- and free-fluid
volumes; hydrocarbon-corrected
permeability; pore-size distribution
Rv , Rh , AIT* tool resistivity

logs, spontaneous potential,
dip,azimuth
Logging speed
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Bound-uid logging:
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Basic NMR profiling:
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
T radial profiling:
900 ft/h [274 m/h]
High-resolution logging:
400 ft/h [122 m/h]
T1 radial profiling:
300 ft/h [91 m/h]
Saturation profiling:
250 ft/h [76 m/h]
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement
1 to 10 MeV
(At highest frequency)

Permittivity: 1 to 100
Conductivity: 0.1 to
3,000mS
Standard shear slowness:

<1,500 us/ft [<4,920 us/m]
Porosity: 1 to 100 pu
T distribution: 0.4 ms to 3.0 s
T1 distribution: 0.5 ms to 9.0 s
na
Vertical resolution
18 in [45.72 cm]
1 in [2.5 cm]
<6 ft [<1.82 m] processing

resolution for 6-in [15.24-cm]
sampling rate
Main antenna: 18 in [45.72 cm]

High-resolution antenna:
7.5 in [19.05 cm]
na
Accuracy
na
(At highest frequency

andcorresponding to
0.002ft/ft [0.002-m/m]
water-filled porosity)
Permittivity: 1% or 0.1
Conductivity: 1% or 5 mS
t for up to 14-in [35.56-cm]

hole size: 2 us/ft
[6.56us/m] or 2%
t for >14-in [>35.56cm]
hole size: 5 us/ft
[16.40us/m] or 5%
Total NMR porosity: 1-pu standard

deviation, three-level averaging
at 75 degF [24 degC]
NMR free-uid porosity: 0.5-pu
standard deviation, three-level
averaging at 75 degF [24 degC]
na
Depth of investigation
7 to 9 in [17.78 to 22.86 cm]
To 4 in [10 cm]
Typical presentation of
up to 7 borehole radii
Main antenna: 1.5, 2.3, 2.7,

and 4.0 in [3.81, 5.84, 6.86,
and 10.16 cm]
High-resolution antenna:
1.25 in [3.18 cm]
AIT tool: 10, 20, 30, 60, and

90in [25.40, 50.80, 76.20,
152.40,and 228.60 cm]
Mud type or weight

limitations
None
None
None
Mud resistivity: 0.05 ohm.m
Determined during
jobplanning
Combinability
Combinable with most

openhole tools
Conveyance on wireline,
TLC*tough logging conditions
system, or tractor
Conveyance on wireline,
TLC tough logging
conditions system,
or tractor
Fully combinable with

other tools
Combinable with most tools
Bottom-only tool, combinable

with Platform Express*
integrated wireline logging
tool and most openhole tools
Output
Articulated pad for

rugoseboreholes
MRF* method station logging

Rugose boreholes and
thick mudcake
na = not available
A tool planner is used to estimate the precision of the elemental concentrations and interpreted properties for a given environment, with the recommended logging speed depending on the required precision.
1-in resolution depending on frequency
From measurement point 8.2 ft [2.5 m] above the bottom of the tool
Main antenna only; stacking may be required. MR Scanner service logs have been acquired in 0.02-ohm.m environments with minor loss of precision.
31
Openhole Scanner Services

Temperature rating
MR Scanner Service
Rt Scanner Service
Version A: 284 degF [140 degC] 350 degF [177 degC]

Version C: 350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
5.5 in [13.97 cm]
5.5 in [13.97 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
5.875 in [14.92 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
24 in [60.96 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
No limit
20 in [50.8 cm]
Outside diameter
4.5 in [11.4 cm]
4.77 in [12.12 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
Length
Version A: 14 ft [4.27 m]
Version C: 9 ft [2.74 m]
11.27 ft [3.44 m]
Sonde: 5 in [12.70 cm]

Cartridge: 4.75 in [12.07 cm]
32.7 ft [9.97 m]
Weight
Version A: 366 lbm [166 kg]

Version C: 290 lbm [132 kg]
262 lbm [119 kg]
1,200 lbm [544 kg]
404 lbm [183 kg]
Tension
55,000 lbf [244,652 N]
50,000 lbf [222,411 N]
41.28 ft [12.58 m]
(including isolation joint)
Basic toolstring (near
monopoles only): 22 ft [6.71 m]
844 lbm [383 kg]
(including isolation joint)
Basic toolstring:
413 lbm [187 kg]
35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
Compression
22,500 lbf [100,085 N]
4,400 lbf [19,572 N]
3,000 lbf [13,340 N]
19.6 ft [5.97 m]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
25,000 lbf [111,205 N]
7,900 lbf [35,140 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
na = not available
With bow spring
Does not include required standoff
8,000 lbf [35,586 N] with TLC system stiffener kit
Cased Hole Scanner Services

Isolation Scanner Service
Flow Scanner System
Output
Solid-liquid-gas map of annulus material,

hydraulic communication map, acoustic
impedence, flexural attenuation, rugosity
image, casing thickness image, internal
radius image
Oil, gas, and water holdups;

oil, gas, and water velocities;
relativebearing; caliper
EM Pipe Scanner Tool

Electromagnetic thickness, casing ID, casing
properties, high- and low-frequency images,
corrosion summary report
Logging speed
Standard resolution: 2,700 ft/h [823 m/h]

High resolution: 563 ft/h [172 m/h]
1,800, 3,600, 5,400, and 7,200 ft/h

[549, 1,097, 1,646,and2,195 m/h]
Min. casing thickness:

0.15 in [0.38 cm]
Max. casing thickness:
0.79 in [2.01 cm]
Borehole coverage: 95% in

6-in- [15.24-cm-] ID casing
Vertical resolution
High resolution: 0.6 in [1.52 cm]

High speed: 6 in [15.24 cm]
na
Attenuation < 60 dB: 1%

Electromagnetic thickness:15%
Accuracy
Acoustic impedance: 0.2 Mrayl (resolution);

0 to 3.3 Mrayl = 0.5 Mrayl; >3.3 Mrayl =
15% (accuracy)
Flexural attenuation for 0.3-in [18-mm]
casing thickness: 0.5 dB/cm (resolution),
0.01 dB/cm (accuracy)
Three-phase holdup: 10%
Casing ID: 0.05 in
Casing and annulus
Velocity: 10%
Mud type or weight

limitations
Conditions simulated
beforelogging
Min. salinity for electrical probe measurement:

1,000ppm at 212 degF [100 degC]
Any borehole fluid
Combinability
Bottom-only, combinable
with most wireline tools
Telemetry: fast transfer bus
(FTB) or enhanced FTB (EFTB)
Combinable with PS Platform

platform and most cased
holetools
All PS Platform platform services

Multiple-tool answer products
HS service
HS service
NACE compliant for HS and CO resistance
Electromagnetic computed thickness (single

and double strings): 3,600-ft/h [1,097m/h]
inspection pass for mandrel data
Imaging (single string): 1,800-ft/h [549-m/h]
standard-resolution inspection pass; 300ft/h
[91-m/h] high-resolution diagnostic pass
Max. metal thickness:
1.5 in [3.81 cm] at 8.75 Hz
na = not applicable
Corrosion report for single casing strings
Measurement depends on casing geometry, properties, and chrome content.
Resolution depends on the accuracy of casing electrical conductivity (sigma). The usual method is to use API specifications in a good
casing section and adjust conductivity to match the nominal value, which has a typical 12.5% range (Oil Country Tubular Goods,
API Spec 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing).
8-mm calibration target
Casing ID (dci) < 6 in and tool eccentered = [30% (dci 2.2 in)]
Investigation of complete annulus width depends on the presence of third-interface echoes.
Max. mud weight depends on the mud formulation, sub used, and casing size and weight, which are simulated before logging.
32
Cased Hole Scanner Services

Flow Scanner System
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
Casing: 412 in
278 in [7.30 cm]
2 in (ID > 2.313 in)
Borehole sizemax.
Casing: 13 in
9 in [22.86 cm]
Electromagnetic thickness: 13 in
Outside diameter
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]

High-temperature (>302 degF
[>150 degC]) operation:
2.25 in [5.72 cm]
Flow Scanner system tool:
11.6 ft [3.54 m]
With basic measurement
sonde, swivel, and head:
26.2 ft [7.99 m]
108 lbm [49 kg]
2.125 in [5.4 cm]
Tension
IBCS-A: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]

IBCS-B: 4.472 in [11.36 cm]
IBCS-C: 6.657 in [16.91 cm]
IBCS-D: 8.736 in [22.19 cm]
Without sub: 19.73 ft [6.01 m]
IBCS-A sub: 2.01 ft [0.61 m]
IBCS-B sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 m]
IBCS-C sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 m]
IBCS-D sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 cm]
Without sub: 333 lbm [151 kg]
IBCS-A sub: 16.75 lbm [7.59 kg]
IBCS-B sub: 20.64 lbm [9.36 kg]
IBCS-C sub: 23.66 lbm [10.73 kg]
IBCS-D sub: 24.55 lbm [11.13 kg]
Sub max.: 2,250 lbf [10,000 N]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Fishing: 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression
Sub max.: 12,250 lbf [50,000 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
3,000 lbf [13,340 N]
Length
Weight
19.7 ft [6.0 m]
110 lbm [50 kg]
Min. pass-through restriction: 4 in [10.16 cm]

Min. pass-through restriction: 1.813 in [4.61 cm]
33
Platform Express
Integrated Wireline Logging Tool
HGNS
HRMS
HALS
AIT
The Platform Express* integrated

wireline logging tool is a revolutionary
milestone in wireline logging. Com
pared with the traditional triplecombo, the Platform Express tool
logs faster and more cost effectively
because it requires significantly less
time from rig-up to delivery of the
final answer. The Platform Express
tool is less than half the length of
the triple-comborequiring less
ratholeand it weighs about half
as much. By using integrated sensors
and innovative technology to improve
pad contact, the Platform Express
tool delivers high-resolution imaging
measurements that are depth matched
and speed corrected in real time.
The Platform Express toolstring
includes either the AIT* array induction imager tool or High-Resolution
Azimuthal Laterolog Sonde (HALS) as
the resistivity tool. The Three-Detector
Lithology Density (TLD) tool and MicroCylindrically Focused Log (MCFL)
are housed in the High-Resolution
Mechanical Sonde (HRMS) powered
caliper. Above the HRMS are a compensated thermal neutron and gamma ray
in the Highly Integrated Gamma Ray
Neutron Sonde (HGNS) and a singleaxis accelerometer.
Numerous innovative features are
integrated in the Platform Express
toolstring. The specially designed
TLD skid reduces hole rugosity effects
through improved pad application.
The integrated hardware and software
of the sensors improves system reliability. The real-time speed correction
provided by the single-axis accelerometer for sensor measurements enables

accurate depth matching of all sensors
even if the tool cannot move smoothly
while recording data. The resistivity,
density, and microresistivity measurements are high reso
lution. Logging
speed is 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h], which
is twice the speed at which a standard
triple-combo is run.
PressureXpress* reservoir pressurewhile-logging service can be combined
with the Platform Express tool to
efficiently obtain accurate pressure
profiles and mobility measurements
on the first logging run. The two tools
data are integrated in real time by the
PressureXpress Advisor* pretest quality
indicator to produce a more complete
interpretation of the reservoir.
Applications
DecisionXpress* petrophysical
evaluation system
Reservoir delineation
Hydrocarbon saturation
determination and imaging
Movable-hydrocarbon
determination
Location of porous and
permeablezones
Gas detection
Porosity analysis
Lithology determination
Well-to-well correlation
Thin-bed analysis
34
Platform Express Tool
Output
HGNS: Gamma ray, neutron porosity, tool acceleration

HRMS: Bulk density, photoelectric factor (PEF), borehole caliper, microresistivity
HALS: Laterolog resistivity, spontaneous potential (SP), mud resistivity (Rm)
AIT tool: Induction resistivity, SP, Rm
Logging speed
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Mud weight or type limitations
None
Combinability
Bottom-only toolstring, combinable with most tools above
Good-quality data in sticky or rugose holes

Measurements close to the bottom of the well
Platform Express Tool Component Specifications

HGNS
HRMS
HALS
AIT-H and AIT-M Tools
Output
Gamma ray, neutron porosity,

tool acceleration
Bulk density, PEF,

borehole caliper,
microresistivity
Laterolog,
resistivity, Rm
Induction resistivity,
SP, Rm
Range of
measurement
Gamma ray: 0 to 1,000 gAPI

Neutron porosity: 0 to 60 pu
Bulk density: 1.04 to 3.3 g/cm3

PEF: 0.9 to 10
Caliper: 22 in [55.88 cm]
0.2 to 40,000 ohm.m
0.1 to 2,000 ohm.m
Vertical resolution
Gamma ray: 12 in [30.48 cm]

Porosity: 12 in [30.48 cm]
Bulk density: 18 in [45.72 cm]

in 6-in [15.24-cm] borehole
Standard resolution:
18 in [45.72 cm]
High resolution:
8 in [20.32 cm]
in 6-in [15.24-cm]
borehole
1, 2, and 4 ft
[0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
Accuracy
Gamma ray: 5%
Porosity: 0 to 20 pu = 1 pu
30 pu = 2 pu
45 pu = 6 pu
Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy),

0.025 g/cm3 (repeatability)
Caliper: 0.1 in [0.25 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
1 to 2,000 ohm.m: 5%
Resistivities: 0.75 ms/m

(conductivity) or 2%
(whichever is greater)
Depth of
investigation

Porosity: 9 in [ 23 cm]
(varies with hydrogen
index of formation)
Density: 5 in [12.70 cm]
32 in [81 cm] (varies

with formation and
mud resistivities)
AO/AT/AF10: 10 in [25.40 cm]

AO/AT/AF20: 20 in [50.80 cm]
AO/AT/AF30: 30 in [76.20 cm]
AO/AT/AF60: 60 in [152.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF90: 90 in [228.60 cm]
Outside diameter
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
4.77 in [12.11 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
Length
10.85 ft [3.31 m]
12.3 ft [3.75 m]
16 ft [4.88 m]
16 ft [4.88 m]
Weight
171.7 lbm [78 kg]
313 lbm [142 kg]
221 lbm [100 kg]
AIT-H: 255 lbm [116 kg]

AIT-M: 282 lbm [128 kg]
AO = 1-ft [0.30-m] vertical resolution, AT = 2-ft [0.61-m] vertical resolution, AF = 4-ft [1.22-m] vertical resolution
35
ThruBit
Through-the-Bit Logging Services
Drillpipe
Wireline dropoff
and retrieval tool
No-go collar
Hangoff sub
Portal bit
Batteries
Telemetry, memory,
gamma ray tool
Neutron tool
Density tool
Caliper
Induction array
tool
ThruBit* through-the-bit logging services provide a full wireline measurement suite from a small-diameter
quad- or triple-combo toolstring. This
unique conveyance platform enables
acquiring logs in wells that are difficult
to access, including extended-reach
wells where the tools can be pumped
down. With a diameter of only 218 in,
the entire logging suite is sufficiently
slim to pass through the center of most
drillpipe, jars, collars, and out the opening of the Portal* bit. The open borehole is then logged on wireline or as the
drillpipe is tripped out of the hole, making it possible to log geometrically complicated wells with greater reliability,
at reduced risk, and in less time than
alternative conveyance techniques.
The logging tools of the ThruBit
services suite can also be run as individual components:
Telemetry, memory, and gamma
ray device provides communications and memory functions for the
entire logging string. The gamma
ray detector measures naturally
occurring gamma rays in the formation as a correlation basis and
qualitative evaluation of clay content. The multiaxis accelerometer
monitors tool orientation, motion,
and vibration. Borehole inclination
and temperature are also measured.
Array induction tool has five median
depths of investigation and three
vertical resolutions. The induction
tool also incorporates a mud resistivity sensor for making corrections
and analyzing borehole fluids.
Neutron tool operates in both openhole and cased hole environments
to obtain thermal neutron porosity
measurements. Corrections can be
made for borehole temperature and
pressure and environmental factors
such as hole size, mud type, mud
weight, salinity, and tool standoff.
Density tool measures formation

bulk density, photoelectric factor (PEF), and borehole size. Raw
measurement processing includes a
correction algorithm that preserves
overall density accuracy across a
wide range of borehole sizes, mud
types, and mud weights. The tools
scintillation detectors are housed in
an articulated pad for better contact
with the formation, which maintains
measurement quality in deviated
and rugose holes. A single-arm caliper also helps press the tool against
the formation while it measures
holesize.
ThruBit Dipole* through-the-bit
acoustic service obtains both monopole and dipole waveforms along
with Stoneley wave acquisition. A 3D
anisotropy algorithm transforms the
compressional, fast- and slow-shear,
and Stoneley slowness measurements with respect to the borehole
axes. The resulting referenced anisotropic moduli are used to classify the
formation as isotropic or anisotropic
and determine whether anisotropy
is intrinsic or caused by drillinginduced stress.
Spectral gamma ray tool measures
the total gamma ray spectra for
resolution into potassium, thorium,
and uranium. These three most
common components of naturally
occurring radiation in sands and
shales are used to distinguish features, determine clay type, identify
radioactivity in sands, and help in
determining total organic carbon
(TOC) content.
ThruBit services provide unparalleled operational flexibility for

either conventional wireline logging
or through-the-bit conveyance in
memory mode. Where conventional
wireline logging is not advisable or
not possible in vertical or horizontal
36
wells, ThruBit services both reduce

risk and deliver high-quality data. The
hole can be reamed and conditioned
using the Portal bit. The logging suite
is then run through the drillstring on
wireline, and when it reaches the end
of the drillstring it is positioned on a
hangoff sub so that the logging sensors
are passed through the Portal bit and
extend into the open hole. The wireline
is disconnected and retrieved, and the
logging string is used to log in memory
mode as the pipe is tripped out.
In wells where a gravity descent is

not possible, the logging toolstring is
pumped down to the end of the drillstring
and positioned for conducting memory
mode logging while tripping out.
In either horizontal or vertical wells,
the logging toolstring can be retrieved
before the drillpipe is completely
returned to surface to facilitate implementation of completion operations. At
all times during deployment and logging,
the driller maintains complete control of
the drillstring. Circulation and rotation
are conducted as needed, and full pressure control is maintained at surface.
Applications
Openhole logging in
Horizontal and high-angle wells
Unconventional plays
Unstable boreholes
Poor-quality boreholes (washed
out, rugose, or tortuous)
Reservoir quality and completion
quality data for completion optimization in unconventional plays
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
ThruBit Logging Services

Telemetry, memory, and gamma ray tool: gamma ray, three-axis acceleration, borehole temperature
Array induction tool: induction resistivity, mud resistivity, optional SP
Neutron tool: thermal neutron porosity
Density tool: bulk density, PEF, borehole caliper
ThruBit Dipole service: Compressional and shear t, full waveforms, anisotropy characterization
Spectral gamma ray tool: gamma ray; corrected gamma ray for uranium; potassium, thorium, and uranium curves
Telemetry, memory, and gamma ray; neutron, density, induction, and ThruBit Dipole service: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Gamma ray: 0 to 1,000 gAPI
Resistivity: 0.1 to 2,000 ohm.m
Neutron: 0 to 60 pu
Bulk density: 1.04 to 3.3 g/cm
PEF: 0.9 to 10
ThruBit Dipole service: ts < 200 us/ft [656 us/m]
Monopole: tc and ts < 170 us/ft [558 us/m]
Gamma ray: 12 to 24 in [30.48 to 60.96 cm]
Resistivity: 1, 2, and 4 ft [0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 m]
Neutron: 12 to 15 in [30.48 to 38.10 cm]
Bulk density: 9 to 12 in [22.86 to 30.48 cm]
ThruBit Dipole service: <44-in [<1.12-m] processing resolution for 6-in [15.24-cm] sampling rate
Gamma ray: 5% gAPI
Resistivity: 1 ohm.m or 2%, whichever is greater for the 60-in [152.40-cm] measurement
Neutron tool: 1 pu or 5% of the porosity, whichever is greater
Bulk density: 0.02 g/cm
PEF: 0.15
Caliper: 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
t: 2 us/ft [6.6 us/m] or 2% for 8-in [22.22-cm] hole size
Th: 3.2 ppm or 5% of reading
U: 1 ppm or 5% of reading
K: 0.5% (weight) or 10% of reading
Resistivity: 10, 20, 30, 60, and 90 in [25.40, 50.80, 76.20, 152.40, and 228.60 cm]
Neutron: 10 in [25.40 cm]
Bulk density: 2 in [5.08 cm]
PEF: 4 in [10.16 cm]
t: 3 in [7.62 cm]
None
All ThruBit services tools
Limited availability, contact your Schlumberger representative.
37
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
ThruBit Logging Services

Triple-combo: 302 degF [150 degC]
Quad-combo: 302 degF [150 degC]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
ThruBit Dipole service: 5 in [14.60 cm]
Telemetry, memory, and gamma ray and induction array tool: 14 in [35.56 cm]
Neutron and density tools: 16 in [40.64 cm]
ThruBit Dipole service: 8 in [22.22 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
Telemetry, memory, and gamma ray tool: 73.6 in [186.9 cm]
Array induction tool: 185 in [470 cm]
Neutron: 74 in [188 cm]
Density tool: 128 in [325 cm]
ThruBit Dipole service: 349 in [444 cm]
Monopole waveform sonic: 234.6 in [596 cm]
Spectral gamma ray tool: 70.125 in [178.1 cm]
Telemetry, memory, and gamma ray tool: 45 lbm [20.4 kg]
Array induction tool: 94 lbm [42.6 kg]
Neutron tool: 63 lbm [28.6 kg]
Density tool: 94 lbm [42.6 kg]
ThruBit Dipole service: 132 lbm [105 kg]
Monopole waveform sonic: 114 lbm [52 kg]
Spectral gamma ray tool: 38 lbm [17.2 kg]
Depends on the configuration and application
350 degF [177 degC] by special request
38
Multi Express
SlimMulticonveyance
FormationEvaluationPlatform
The Multi Express* slim multiconveyance formation evaluation platform
delivers industry-standard log quality
with the greater efficiency of a smalldiameter, compact logging string.
Additional efficiency is provided
through memory logging capability
and conveyance flexibility in open
hole or through drillpipe, with deployment on wireline or coiled tubing.
Designed with centralizers and
bow springs that collapse to 2.25in
[5.72cm] OD for slimhole and alternative conveyance options, the
Multi Express platform integrates a
comprehensive set of tools:
telemetry gamma neutron tool
Litho-Density* tool
sonic tool
spherically focused resistivity tool
dual induction formation
resistivity tool
audio temperature tool.
Applications
Hydrocarbon saturation
and movable hydrocarbon
determination
Identification of porous
and permeable zones
Gas detection
Well correlation
CBM logging
Air-filled borehole logging
Slimhole logging to 3 in [7.62 cm]
Through-drillpipe conveyance
Coiled tubing in real-time mode
The Multi Express platform's measurement suite provides answers in

a wide variety of downhole environments. The articulated pad of the
Litho-Density tool reduces hole rugosity effects through improved pad
application. Full characterization for
coalbed methane (CBM) wells means
that their characteristically low density and photoelectric effect (PEF) are
accurately read. In air-filled boreholes,
the combination of audio temperature and epithermal neutron measurements obtains reliable porosity
measurements.
Combo for
air-filled
holes
Triple-combo
Quad-combo
39
Multi Express Platform
Output
Telemetry gamma neutron tool: gamma ray, thermal neutron porosity (fluid-filled holes),
epithermal neutron porosity (air-filled holes), casing collar log, head tension
Litho-Density tool: bulk density, PEF, borehole caliper
Sonic tool: t (compressional and shear in fast formations), cement bond log (CBL), and Variable Density* log (VDL)
SFL* spherically focused resistivity tool: shallow focused laterolog resistivity (Rxo), spontaneous potential (SP)
Dual induction formation resistivity tool: induction resistivity, mud resistivity (Rm)
Audio temperature tool: borehole temperature, high-frequency audio measurement in air-filled holes
Logging speed
Triple-combo and air combo: 4,500 ft/h [1,372 m/h]

Quad-combo with sonic: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
High resolution: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Gamma ray: 0 to 500 gAPI

Thermal neutron porosity: 2 to 100 pu
PEF: 0.3 to 6
Caliper: 2.25 to 14.5 in [5.72 to 36.83 cm]
t: 42 to 155 us/ft [138 to 508 us/m]
Deep and medium resistivity and SFL tool: 0.2 to 2,000 ohm.m
Temperature: 13 to 194 degF [25 to 90 degC]
Audio: 44 kHz 2 kHz
Vertical resolution

Thermal and epithermal neutron porosity: 12 and 24 in [30.48 and 60.96 cm]
Bulk density and PEF: 12 and 18 in [30.48 and 45.72 cm]
t: 6 and 24 in [15.24 and 61 cm] for borehole compensated (BHC), 24 in for slowness-time-coherence (STC)
CBL: 6 in [15.24 cm]
VDL: 2 in [5.08 cm]
Deep and medium resistivity: 2 to 4 ft [0.61 to 1.22 m]
SFL tool: 18 in [45.72 cm]
Accuracy
Gamma ray: 5%
Thermal neutron porosity: 0.5 pu for <10 pu, 5% of reading for 10 to 50 pu (accuracy);
16Ci source: 0.55 pu at 10 pu, 1.1 pu at 30 pu, 2.8 pu at 45 pu,
8Ci source: 0.78 pu at 10 pu, 1.56 pu at 30 pu, 3.9 pu at 45 pu (precision)
Epithermal neutron porosity: 0.5 pu for <10 pu, 7.5% of reading for 10 to 50 pu (accuracy);
16C source: 0.55 pu at 11 pu, 1.1 pu at 30 pu, 2.2 pu at 45 pu,
8Ci source: 0.77 pu at 10 pu, 1.6 pu at 30 pu, 3.3 pu at 45 pu (precision)
Bulk density: 0.015 g/cm3 in liquid, 0.02 g/cm3 in air (accuracy); 0.011 g/cm3 at 2.7 g/cm3 (precision)
PEF: 0.1 below 1, 10% above 1 (accuracy); 0.055 for Pe < 1, 5.5 % for Pe > 1 (precision)
Caliper: 0.2 in [5.08 cm] for 3.5 to 9.875 in [8.89 to 25.08 cm] (accuracy); 0.1 in [0.25 cm] (precision)
t: 2 us/ft [6.6 us/m]
CBL: 10% (accuracy), 2% (precision)
Temperature: 70-ms response time, 1.4 degF [2.5 degC] (precision)

Thermal and epithermal neutron porosity: 10 in [25.4 cm] at 20 pu
Bulk density: 4 to 6 in [10.16 to 15.24 cm]
t, CBL, and VDL: 3 in [7.62 cm]
Deep resistivity: 70 in [178 cm]
Medium resistivity: 30 in [76 cm]
SFL tool: 12 to 15 in [30.48 to 38.10 cm]
None
Combinability
PS Platform production services platform, SCMT slim cement mapping tool
Small-diameter boreholes
Alternative conveyance
40
Multi Express Platform
Temperature rating
221 degF [105 degC]
Pressure rating
8,000 psi [55 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
3.0 in [7.62 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
12.75 in [32.39 cm]
Outside diameter
2.25 in [5.72 cm]
Length
Triple-combo: 53 ft [16.1 m]
Air combo: 47 ft [14.3 m]
Quad-combo: 67 ft [20.4 m]
Weight
Max. each tool component: 90 lbm [41 kg]
Tension
Triple-combo: 15,000 lbf [66,720 N]

Sonic: 5,750 lbf [25,580 N]
Compression
1,600 lbf [7,120 N]
41
Xtreme
HPHT Well Logging Platform
HTGC
HNGS
HAPS
HLDS
HSLT
HIT
The Xtreme* high-pressure, high-temperature well platform provides measurements for formation evaluation in
HPHT, hostile environments through
the use of rugged, reliable sensors
that deliver high-quality data. Rated
to 500 degF [260 degC] and 25,000psi
[172 MPa], sensors featuring the latest technology are integrated into one
wireline string that can log wells as
deep as 30,000 ft [9,100 m]. A full
range of tool accessories, set of comprehensive measurements, and job
planner software further facilitate the
measurement of critical formation
evaluation data in challenging logging
environments.
The Xtreme platform consists of
the following components:
Hostile Environment Integrated
Telemetry and Gamma Ray Cart
ridge (HTGC) includes an acceler
ometer cartridge that supports
real-time speed correction for all
Xtreme platform measurements
and monitors the bottomhole
temperature.

Hostile Environment Natural
Gamma Ray Sonde (HNGS) provides
measurements of total gamma ray,
gamma ray corrected for uranium,
as well as individual concentrations
of thorium, uranium, and potassium
in the formation.
Hostile Environment Accelerator
Porosity Sonde (HAPS) uses a
neutron generator to provide neutron porosity with environmentally corrected formation capture
cross section for clay indication,
grain-size estimation, and salinity
computation.
Hostile Environment Lithology

Density Sonde (HLDS) measures
formation bulk density and photoelectric factor using full spectral
data from a two-detector array.
Hostile Environment Sonic Logging
Tool (HSLT) delivers robust formation borehole-compensated (BHC)
or depth-derived borehole compensated (DDBHC) slowness with full
waveform recording. It also provides cement bond and Variable
Density logs in cased holes.
Hostile Environment Induction
Imager Tool (HIT) provides the
same high-quality resistivity measurements as the standard AIT
tool. Real-time measurement of
mud resistivity complements the
computation of tool standoff for
precise borehole environmental
correction.
Applications
In situ formation resistivity (Rt)
with array induction
Formation evaluation and
lithologyidentification
Borehole geometry
High wellbore pressures
andtemperatures
42
HTGC
HNGS
HAPS
HLDS
HSLT
HIT
Temperature rating
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
Pressure rating
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
4 in [12.07 cm]
4 in [12.07 cm]
5 in [14.92 cm]
4 in [11.43 cm]
4 in [12.07 cm]
4 in [12.38 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
No limit
21 in [53.34 cm]
20 in [50.8 cm]
20 in [50.8 cm]
20 in [50.8 cm]
Outside diameter
3.75 in [9.53 cm]
3.75 in [9.53 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
3.5 in [8.89 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
Length
10.67 ft [3.25 m]
11.7 ft [3.57 m]
16 ft [4.88 m]
12.58 ft [3.83 m]
25.5 ft [7.77 m]
29.2 ft [8.90 m]
Weight
265 lbm [120 kg]
276 lbm [125 kg]
400 lbm [181 lbm]
402 lbm [182 kg]
440 lbm [199 kg]
625 lbm [283 kg]
Tension
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
50,000 lbf [22,410 N]
50,000 lbf [22,410 N]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
29,700 lbf [132,110 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
Compression
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
15,000 lbf [66,720 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
BHC HSLS-W sonde:

2,870 lbf [12,770 N]
DDBHC HSLS-Z sonde:
1,650 lbf [7,340 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
10 h
4h
5h
5h
12 h
Holding time at 500 degF 12 h

Makeup length
BHC sonde
In logging conditions with tool powered
Hostile Environment Accelerator Porosity Sonde Measurement Specifications

Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
HAPS
Neutron porosity, formation sigma, tool standoff
Standard: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/h [1097 m/h]
Neutron porosity: 0 to 60 pu
14 in [35.56 cm]
Tool standoff: not applicable
<7 pu: 0.5 pu
7 to 30 pu: 7%
30 to 60 pu: 10%
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
7 in [17.78 cm]
None
HS service
Hostile Environment Lithology Density Sonde Measurement Specifications

HLDS
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Formation density, PEF, caliper

High speed: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Density: 2 to 3 g/cm3
PEF: 1 to 6
Density, porosity, and PEF: 15 in [38.10 cm]
Density: 0.01 g/cm3
PEF: 6%
Density, porosity, and PEF: 6 in [15.24 cm]
Density and PEF sensitive to barite
HS service
43
Hostile Environment Sonic Logging Tool Measurement Specifications

HSLT
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Compressional integral traveltime (t)

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
40 to 180 us/ft [131 to 590 us/m]
12 in [30.48 cm]
2 us/ft [6.6 us/m]
3 in [7.62 cm]
None
HS service
Hostile Environment Induction Imager Tool Measurement Specifications

HIT
Output
Logging speed
Resistivity
Vertical resolution
Accuracy

10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and 90-in [25.40-, 50.80-, 76.20-,

152.40-, and 228.60-cm] resistivity
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0.1 to 2,000 ohm.m
1, 2, and 4 ft [0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
0.75 mS/m or 2% (whichever is greater)
AHT10: 10 in [25.40 cm]
AHT20: 20 in [50.80 cm]
AHT30: 30 in [76.20 cm]
AHT60: 60 in [152.40 cm]
AHT90: 90 in [228.60 cm]
Some salt-saturated muds may be outside the induction
tool operating range
HS service
44
SlimXtreme
Slimhole HPHT Well Logging Platform
The SlimXtreme* slimhole HPHT well
logging platform provides reliable
formation evaluation data in hostile
drilling environments. The integration of durable sensors rated to high
pressures and temperatures, slimhole
design, and a full range of accessories
results in high-quality data for realtime wellsite answers. The advanced
engineering of the 3-in [7.62-cm]
SlimXtreme platform profile combines
AIT tool resistivity, digital boreholecompensated sonic, bulk density, thermal neutron porosity, and gamma ray
tools for one trip into the borehole.
High-speed logging is at 3,600 ft/h
[1,097 m/h], with standard mode at
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]. The component
tools use advanced wireline digital
telemetry rated to the same pressure
and temperature as the complete
SlimXtreme platform and capable of
data transmission through wireline
cables as long as 36,000 ft [10,970 m].
SlimXtreme Array Induction Imager
Tool (QAIT) has five depths of
investigation, and its three vertical
resolution measurements are of the
same high quality as those recorded
with conventional AIT tools. The
tool output is fully corrected for
borehole and environmental effects,
so the computed values of water
resistivity and saturation, invasion
profile, and true and invaded zone
resistivities provide a good characterization of the reservoir. Real-time
measurement of mud resistivity
complements the computation of
tool standoff for precise borehole
environmental correction.
SlimXtreme Sonic Logging Tool
(QSLT) is a monopole tool that
uses a digital algorithm for detecting first arrival to deliver robust
BHC formation slowness (3 to 5 ft
[0.91 to 1.52 m] or 5 to 7 ft [1.52
to 2.13 m]). CBL, attenuation, and
Variable Density cement bond quality logs can be recorded to evaluate

cemented casing. The CBL features
a 1-ft [30-cm] receiver measurement for cement bond evaluation in
extremely fast formations.
SlimXtreme
Litho-Density Tool
(QLDT) measures formation density
and photoelectric factor using full
spectral data from a three-detector
array. The QLDT controls the electronics of a bowspring-type caliper
(QSCS), which provides eccentralization force as well as a caliper
measurement in both up and down
logging directions.
SlimXtreme Compensated Neutron
Porosity Tool (QCNT) delivers the
same high-quality, environmentally
corrected porosity data as those from
the traditional CNL* compensated
neutron logging tool.
SlimXtreme Telemetry and Gamma
Ray Cartridge (QTGC) includes an
integrated accelerometer to provide
real-time speed correction for all
measurements by the SlimXtreme
platform. The cartridge also
performs real-time monitoring of
the mud temperature.
Applications
Quad-combo formation evaluation in
Slimhole wells
Extreme pressure and
temperature environments
Multilateral wells
Extended-reach wells
Reentry wells
Contingency through-drillpipe
(minimum 3.5-in [8.89-cm] inside
diameter [ID]) logging
Drillpipe-conveyed logging
45
Output
Logging speed
QAIT
QSLT
QLDT
QCNT
QTGC
10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and

90-in [25.40-, 50.80-,
76.20-, 152.40- and
228.60-cm] deep
induction resistivities,
SP, mud resistivity
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0.1 to 2,000 ohm.m
Compressional and
shear t, porosity,
waveforms, and
Variable Density
log waveforms
Bulk density, porosity,

photoelectric factor (PEF)
Thermal neutron
porosity (uncorrected,
environmentally
corrected, or alpha
processed)
Formation gamma ray
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

40 to 400 us/ft [131 to
1,312 us/m]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]

Bulk density: 1.3 to 3.05 g/cm
PEF: 1 to 6
Caliper: 9.5 in [24.13]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]

0 to 2000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
12 in [30.48 cm]
0 to 20 pu: 1 pu
30 pu: 2 pu
45 pu: 6 pu
5%
3 in [7.62 cm]
Bulk density: 0.15 g/cm

(accuracy), 0.014 g/cm
(repeatability)
(accuracy), 0.05 in [0.127 cm]
(repeabability)
4 in [10.16 cm]
9 in [23 cm]
(varies with hydrogen
index of formation)
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
Sensitive to barite
Thermal measurements
not possible in air- or
gas-filled wellbores
None
Vertical resolution
1, 2, and 4 ft [0.30,
0.61, and 1.22 m]
Accuracy
0.75 us/m
(conductivity)
or 2% (whichever
is greater)
AO/AT/AF10:
10 in [25.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF20:
20 in [50.80 cm]
AO/AT/AF30:
30 in [76.20 cm]
AO/AT/AF60:
60 in [152.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF90:
90 in [228.60 cm]
Salt-saturated muds
usually outside the
operating range
ofinductiontools
Mud type or weight

limitations
Compressional t:
2 ft [0.61 m] (standard),
6in [15.24 cm]
short spacing
Shear t: 2 ft [0.61 m]
Cement bond log: 3 ft [0.91 m]
(amplitude), 5ft [1.52 m]
(Variable Density log)
t: 2 us/ft [6.6 us/m]
Slim wellbores, HPHT
QAIT
QSLT
QLDT
QCNT
QTGC
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
3 in [9.84 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
30.8 ft [9.39 m]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
3 in [9.84 cm]
9 in [22.86 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
14.7 ft [4.48 m]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
12 in [30.48 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
11.9 ft [3.63 m]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
3 in [9.84 cm]
No limit
3 in [7.62 cm]
10.67 ft [3.25 m]
Weight
Holding time at
500degF[260 degC]
499 lbm [226 kg]

8 h
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
8 in [20.32 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
23 ft [7.01 m]
With inline centralizer:
29.9 ft [9.11 m]
270 lbm [122 kg]
5h
253 lbm [115 kg]

5 h
191 lbm [87 kg]

8 h
180 lbm [82 kg]

8 h
In logging conditions with tool powered
46
IPL
Integrated Porosity Lithology Service
IPL* integrated porosity lithology
service is a nuclear measurement
string. It provides an integrated
measurement of various petrophysical
parameters of the formation, such
as neutron porosity, bulk density,
photoelectric factor, and gamma ray
as well as gamma ray components.
The acquisition electronics allow
running the individual components
of the toolstring as stand-alone tools.
The integrated string comprises the
following sensors:

Hostile Environment Natural
Gamma Ray Sonde (HNGS) features
a set of detectors with increased
sensitivity that provides a better statistical response to the formation
gamma rays. The result is improved
spectral analysis over that of previous tools. The improvement in measurement also results from the use
of two detectors instead of one. The
HNGS can log at a faster speed than
other tools that measure formation
natural gamma ray emissions. Its
500 degF [260 degC] temperature
rating makes it suitable for operations in hot borehole environments.
APS* accelerator porosity sonde
uses an electronic pulsed neutron
generator source instead of
a chemical source. The large
yield of the neutron source
enables the use of epithermal
neutron detection and borehole
shielding. As a result, porosity mea
surement is affected only minimally
by the borehole environment and
formation characteristics, such
as lithology and salinity. Five
detectors provide information for
porosity evaluation, gas detection,
shale evaluation, improvement of
vertical resolution, and borehole
correction. The measurements can
be performed in both cased and
open holes.
Litho-Density photoelectric density

logging tool is deployed as the
LDS sonde to measure formation
bulk density and photoelectric
factor. The gamma ray source and
two detectors are pad mounted.
Magnetic shielding and highspeed electronics ensure excellent
measurement stability. The LDS
records the full-pulse-height gamma
ray spectra from both detectors and
processes them into windows. Bulk
density and photoelectric cross
section are derived conventionally
from the windows counts with
enhanced quality control.
Applications
Evaluation of formation porosity
and lithology
Evaluation of formation bulk
density and photoelectric factor
Determination of total formation
gamma ray and uranium-corrected
gamma ray
Gas identification
Formation sigma
47
IPL Service
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Formation bulk density, PEF, gamma ray, porosity, caliper

Min. 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
See measurement specifications for individual tools
Accuracy

HNGS: In potassium chloride (KCl) mud,
the KCl content must be known. Density and
PEF readings are affected by barite.
HS service
IPL Service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]
40.5 ft [12.34 m]
845 lbm [383 kg]
IPL Service Component Mechanical Specifications

Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
HNGS
APS Sonde
LDS
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
No limit
3.75 in [9.53 cm]
11.7 ft [3.57 m]
276 lbm [125 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.75 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
3.625 in [9.40 cm]
13 ft [3.96 m]
222 lbm [101 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [13.97 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]
11 ft [3.35 m]
292 lbm [132 kg]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
48
ABC
Analysis Behind Casing Services
DSI transmitter
and isolation joint
RSTPro
CHFR-Slim
CHFP
Sonic
Scanner
CHFR-Plus
CHDT
Since first logging an openhole well

in 1927, Schlumberger has used
advanced technology to acquire essential reservoir data. Today the same
high-quality formation evaluation measurements can be made in cased holes.
ABC analysis behind casing services
satisfy three primary requirements for
operators:
Obtaining essential well log data
under any conditionsIf the well
being drilled has, or is expected
to have, hole stability problems,
the operators may prefer to case
the well as soon as it is drilled.
Formation evaluation, which
until recently could be performed
only in open hole, can now be
performed in cased hole.
Finding and evaluating bypassed
payLarge amounts of bypassed
hydrocarbons exist in old wells. It
is considerably more cost effective,
and often more environmentally
friendly, to explore for those hidden
hydrocarbons in old wells rather
than to drill new wells.

Optimizing reservoir managementFormation evaluation measurements made in representative
old wells in a reservoir, whether
one time or a time-lapse series, can
greatly assist efficient management
of the reservoir.
ABC services evaluation of formation petrophysical properties such as
formation density, porosity, and acoustic properties in cased wells is even
more significant in wells for which
primary evaluation data were lost, of
poor quality, or never acquired. In
old wells, an operator may want to
reevaluate the formation with measurements that were unavailable at
the time the well was drilled. ABC
services enable applying the latest
formation evaluation technology in
wells that were drilled decades ago.
49
It is no longer necessary to drill new

wells in existing fields solely for the
purpose of data gathering.
ABC services do not end with optimal data acquisition. The data are
processed and interpreted to provide a
total solution for efficient operations,
enhanced production, and extension
of the economic life of an asset. ABC
services can provide comprehensive
formation evaluation under most conditions. Because they are a suite of
services rather than a single platform,
measurements can be chosen on the
basis of objectives, type of formation,
type of completion, borehole environment, lithology, reservoir dynamics,
and the availability of primary evaluation data.
ABC services are as follows:
CHFR-Plus*
cased hole formation resistivity tool makes direct,
deep-reading formation resistivity
measurements through casing and
cement. The concept of measuring resistivity through casing is not
new, but recent breakthroughs in
downhole electronics and electrode
design have made these challenging measurements possible. Now
the same basic measurements can
be compared for open and cased
holes, thereby eliminating the errors
caused by comparing different types
of measurements. The CHFR-Slim*
slimhole tool version operates in casing from 278 to 7 in.
RSTPro reservoir saturation tool
makes both formation sigma and
C/O ratio measurements. In formations with high-salinity formation
water, the sigma measurement has
been used for several decades to
determine the saturations. Now the
C/O ratio measurement can accurately evaluate formation water
saturation in moderate- to highporosity formations. Time-lapse
measurements of formation water
saturation can be used to monitor
the performance of a well or reservoir
over time.
CHFP* cased hole formation porosity

service makes accurate formation
porosity and sigma measurements
in cased wells. Instead of a chemical
source, CHFP service uses an electronic neutron source in combination
with borehole shielding and focusing to obtain porosity measurements
that are affected only minimally by
borehole environment, casing standoff, and formation characteristics
such as lithology and salinity.
CNL compensated neutron logging
tool has traditionally been run as
a porosity indicator in cased wells.
Although it provides a good estimation of formation porosity in most
conditions, the unfocused nature of
the CNL tool does not allow correction for environmental effects, such
as thickness of casing and cement, or
effects resulting from the position of
the tool and casing in the borehole.
For the highest possible accuracy,
CHFP service is the measurement
of choice.
CHFD* cased hole formation density service makes accurate formation density measurements in cased
wells. A chemical gamma ray source
and three-detector measurement
system are used to make measurements in a wide range of casing and
borehole sizes. The density measurement made by the three-detector system is corrected for casing
and cement thickness.
Sonic Scanner acoustic scanning
platform acquires borehole-compensated long- and short-spaced monopole, cross-dipole, and cement bond
quality measurements. In addition
to these axial and azimuthal measurements, the fully characterized
tool radially measures the formation
for both near-wellbore and far-field
slowness. A 3D anisotropy algorithm
makes it possible to characterize
formations as isotropic or anisotropic, along with the type and cause
of the anisotropy.
DSI* dipole shear sonic imager,

coupled with the BestDT* automated
sonic waveform processing, provides
accurate formation compressional
and shear slowness measurements
in cased wells. BestDT processing
is based on optimally designed
frequency filters and advanced
signal processing. This method
significantly attenuates casing
arrivals to facilitate the clean
extraction of formation slowness.
CHDT* cased hole dynamics tester
is used to determine formation pressure in old or new cased wells. It
also provides efficient, cost-effective
fluid sampling without the inherent risks of standard sampling techniques. The innovative CHDT tool
seals against the casing and uses
a flexible drill shaft to penetrate
through the casing and cement into
the formation. The use of explosives
is eliminated. Down
hole sensors
measure formation pressure, pressure transients, and formation fluid
resistivity. Combining the CHDT tool
with various modules of the MDT*
modular formation dynamics tester
enables enhanced fluid identification, contamination monitoring, and
high-quality sampling.
Applications
Evaluation of bypassed pay
Evaluation of old wells with new
measurements
Reevaluation of existing fields
Primary formation evaluation
in cased wells
Complement to logging-whiledrilling (LWD) data
Alternative to openhole data acquisition under difficult well conditions
Evaluation of wells drilled with casing
Reservoir monitoring
Fluid contact movement, saturation
and pressure changes, and depletion
and injection
50
51
Inelastic mode: 100 ft/h [30.5 m/h]

(formation dependent)
Capture mode: 600 ft/h [183 m/h]
Sigma mode: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Stationary: ~1 min/station
Effective logging speed:
240 ft/h [73 m/h]
1 to 100 ohm.m
4 ft [1.22 m]
10%
Similar to deep laterolog,

up to 32 ft [9.75 m],
depending on environment
None
Gamma ray, casing

collar locator
HS service
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Mud type or weight

limitations
Combinability
CHFR-Plus: 4 in [11.43 cm]

CHFR-Slim: 2 in [5.72 cm]
CHFR-Plus: 9 in [24.45 cm]

CHFR-Slim: 7 in [17.78 cm]
CHFR-Plus: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]

CHFR-Slim: 2.125 in [5.40 cm]
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
ID: 2.4 in [6.10 cm]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Pressure rating

Min.
302 degF [150 degC]
Temperature rating
CHFR-Plus and CHFR-Slim Tools
Measurements above 100 ohm.m may be possible based on environment.

For an infinitely thick bed
Depends on casing and cement thickness
CHFP Service
RST-C: 1.71 in [4.34 cm]

RST-D: 2.51 in [6.37 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
2 in [6.03 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
350 degF [177 degC]
CHFP Service

toolstrings
4.77 in [12.11 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
6 in [16.83 cm]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
257 degF [125 degC]
CHFD Service

toolstrings
Cement thickness
< 1.75 in [4.44 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
7 in [18 cm]
None
0.05 g/cm3
18 in [45.72 cm]
2 to 3 g/cm3
900 ft/h [274 m/h]
Bulk density
CHFD Service
Porosity: <7 pu = 1 pu
7 to 30 pu = 10%
30 to 60 pu = 15%
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
14 in [35.56 cm]
900 ft/h [274 m/h]
Neutron porosity,
formation sigma
measurement quality
15,000 psi [103 MPa]

With flask: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
302 degF [150 degC]

With flask: 400 degF [204 degC]
RSTPro Tool
Stations are recorded every 4 ft [1.22 m]. Two resistivity measurements, 2 ft [0.61 m] apart, are made simultaneously at each station.
Combinable with tools using

the PS Platform platform telemetry
system, CPLT tool, Combinable
GammaRay Sonde (CGRS)
None
10 in [20.54 cm]
Based on hydrogen index

of formation
15 in [38.10 cm]
Inelastic and capture yields

of various elements, C/O ratio,
formation capture cross section
(sigma), neutron porosity
RSTPro Tool
Formation resistivity
Output
3.5-ft [1.1-m] processing

resolution for 6-in
[15-cm] sampling rate

700 ms/ft [2,296 ms/m]
Max. slowness (S-DSI):
1,200 ms/ft [3,937 ms/m]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
350 degF [177 degC]
Fully combinable with

other tools
None
Typical presentation of
up to 7 borehole radii
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
350 degF [177 degC]
DSI Imager
Combinable with
most tools
None
9 in [22.86 cm]
t for up to 14-in [35.56 -cm] hole t : 2 ms/ft [6.6 ms/m]

size: 2 us/ft [6.56 us/m] or 2%
t for >14-in [>35.56-cm] hole
size: 5 us/ft [16.40 us/m] or 5%
<6-ft [<1.82-m] processing

resolution for 6-in [15.24-cm]
sampling rate

<1,500 us/ft [<4,920 us/m]
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
DSI Imager
Compressional and shear
t, waveforms, Variable
Density waveforms

Compressional and shear t,
full waveforms, cement bond
quality waveforms, anisotropy
characterization
4.25 in [10.80 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
350 degF [177 degC]
CHDT Tester
HS service
Combinable with most toolstrings,

another CHDT tool, MDT tester
modules
None
Drilled depth: 6 in [15.24 cm]
CQG gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa]

+ 0.01% of reading) (accuracy),
0.008 psi [55 Pa] at 1.3-s gate
time (resolution)
Point measurement
0 to 20,000 psi
[0 to 138 MPa]
Stationary
Formation pressure, fluid

mobility, formation fluid samples
CHDT Tester
Carbonate Advisor
Petrophysics and Productivity Analysis
Carbonate Advisor* petrophysics and
productivity analysis integrates a
comprehensive suite of petrophysical
logging measurements to quantitatively determine reservoir producibility
in carbonate formations. Unlike sandstones, with their well-characterized
correlations of porosity, permeability,
and other reservoir properties, the
heterogeneous pore systems of
carbonate rocks defy routine petrophysical analysis. Carbonate Advisor
analysis accurately evaluates carbonate
formations by accounting for reservoir
heterogeneity on a multiplicity of
scalesof the grains, the pores, and
the textures.
The systematic analytical framework
of Carbonate Advisor analysis uses the
pore geometry to sequentially interrelate logging data to producibility. The
evaluation centers on characterization
and size partitioning of the pore geometry by using texture-sensitive borehole
logs, such as MR Scanner expert magnetic resonance service and borehole
imaging. This advanced methodology
leverages pore geometry analysis to confirm the identification of petrophysical
rock types (mineralogy and pore system
class), determine fluid saturations, and
estimate permeabilities and relative
permeabilities.
The three steps of the integrated

workflow are the determination of
lithology and porositysimultaneously integrating measurements
sensitive to rock matrix properties,
such as Litho Scanner high-definition spectroscopy service, ECS*
elemental capture spectroscopy
sonde, photoelectric factor (PEF),
and neutron capture spectroscopy,
with measurements sensitive to
both the rock matrix and contained
fluids, such as density and neutron porosity, and measurements
sensitive primarily to the fluids
and pore space, such as nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) porosity
and bound-fluid volume

pore type and permeability
partitioning the total porosity into
eight pore system classes based on
pore-throat sizes, revealing the influence of the pore geometry, which is
not well correlated with mineralogy
in carbonates, unlike in sandstones
relative
permeability and saturationusing a powerful forward model to account for the
radial variation of resistivity, from
both array induction and array
laterolog measurements, resulting
from borehole fluid invasion
during drilling.
At each step, customized log displays

and crossplots facilitate quality control, parameter selection, and graphical
zonation. Within hours of data acquisition, a continuous log of the analyzed
carbonate formation is produced.
Application
Quantitative producibility and
textural analysis for carbonate
reservoirs
52
DecisionXpress
Petrophysical Evaluation System
The DecisionXpress petrophysical evaluation system provides nearly automatic processing of data from modern
spectroscopy and Platform Express logging tools to enable fast, objective, and
reliable log interpretation.
This advanced petrophysical evaluation is developed with only minimal user input from the integration
of all the formation, borehole, and
quality control measurements of the
Platform Express integrated wireline
logging tool and ECS elemental capture spectroscopy sonde. The accuracy
of the spectroscopy measurements is
relatively insensitive to mud weight,
most fluid types, and borehole size
and rugosity. SpectroLith* lithology
processing of the ECS sonde measurements of elemental concentrations employs empirical relationships
derived from an extensive proprietary
core chemistry and mineralogy database to determine quantitative lithology and matrix properties data. The
unique DecisionXpress system combination of elemental concentration logs
and outputs from SpectroLith processing forms a robust foundation for the
highly accurate, consistent derivation
of mineralogy and matrix parameters.
Delivered with the data, the standalone PC-based viewer application

provides rapid data visualization and
reprocessing capabilities, again with
minimal user input. The resulting petrophysical evaluations are securely
delivered through Web-based InterACT
global connectivity, collaboration, and
information service. Answer products
are available within minutes of data
acquisition, as data are processed linearly for each depth level, starting with
mineralogy and matrix properties and
proceeding through the computation
of matrix-corrected porosity, permeability, and fluid saturations. Unlike
conventional processing, answer products from the DecisionXpress system
are accurate and reliable for most
siliciclastic reservoirs worldwide, without requiring manual customization
of parameter definitions for specific
environments.
Applications
Casing, drilling-ahead, and sidetracking decisions
Planning for mechanical and
percussion sidewall coring
Designing pressure measurement
and reservoir fluid sampling
operations
Drillstem testing
Completion strategies
Sensitivity analysis
53
DeepLook-EM
Crosswell Electromagnetic Imaging Service
The DeepLook-EM* crosswell electromagnetic imaging service directly
measures formation resistivity between
wells to produce a reservoir-scale
resistivity image. The two wells in
which the transmitter and receiver
tools of DeepLook-EM service are run
can be separated by up to 3,280 ft
[1,000 m], depending on the constraints of the well environments,
formations, and resistivity contrasts.
A global positioning system is used for
synchronized communication of the
tools, which are deployed on standard
wireline equipment.
Generating a magnetic moment
more than 100,000 times that of standard induction tools, the transmitter
tool of DeepLook-EM service induces
electrical currents to flow in the formation. The currents induce a secondary magnetic field that is detected
by the four-coil array of the receiver
tool. The data are inverted for formation resistivity using a baseline model
constructed with the Petrel* E&P
software platform.
Transmitter
Applications

Fluid front monitoring

Bypassed pay identification
Reservoir simulation optimization
Enhanced reservoir
characterization
Drilling optimization
DeepLook-EM Service Interwell Distances

Transmitter Well
Receiver Well
Well Spacing, ft [m]
Open hole
Open hole
3,280 [1,000]
Open hole
Steel casing
1,640 [500]
Open hole
Chromium casing
2,953 [900]
Chromium casing
Chromium casing
1,312 [400]
Chromium casing
Steel casing
984 [300]
Receiver
54
DeepLook-EM Service
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Combinability
Resistivity images
Transmitter: 2,0005,000 ft/h [6001,520 m/h]
Receiver: Stationary
51,000 Hz
>14.75 ft [>4.5 m]
See DeepLook-EM Service Interwell Distances table
None
Crosswell logging
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Well sizemin.
Open hole
Cased hole
Well sizemax.
Open hole
Cased hole
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression

na =
DeepLook-EM Service Transmitter
DeepLook-EM Service Receiver
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]

4.5 in [11.43 cm]
2.5 in [6.35 cm]

2.5 in [6.35 cm]
No limit
13.75 in [34.93 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
32.4 ft [9.88 m]
410 lbm [186 kg]
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
10,000 lbf [44,450 N]
No limit
No limit
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
Four receivers: 73.8 ft [22.5 m]
416 lbm [189 kg]
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
na
not available
55
PS Platform
Production Services Platform
The PS Platform production services
platform performs in vertical,
horizontal, or any angle of borehole
deviation to provide three-phase flow
profiles and production monitoring or
diagnostic information. Measurement
capability is in both real-time and
memory modes.
The following tools and their
measurements constitute the basic
platform string:
Platform Basic Measurement Sonde
(PBMS) houses the gamma ray and
casing collar locator (CCL) for correlation and also measures pressure
(with either a Sapphire* or quartz
pressure gauge) and temperature.
Flow-Caliper Imaging Sonde (PFCS)
measures the average fluid velocity,
water and hydrocarbon holdups, and
bubble counts from four independent probes. It also provides dualaxis (x-y) caliper mea
surements
and relative-bearing measurements.
The bubble count image is used to
identify the first fluid entry.
Gradiomanometer* specific gravity
profile tool (PGMS) measures the
average density of the wellbore fluid,
from which the water, oil, and gas
holdups are derived. Accelerometer
measurements provide deviation correction for the measured fluid density.
Additional services can be combined

with the basic PS Platform platform:
PS Platform Inline Spinner (PILS)
can be used in high-flow-rate environments to determine fluid velocity.
UNIGAGE* pressure gauge system
(PUCS) is run if data from two pressure gauges (Sapphire and quartz
gauges) are required.
GHOST* gas holdup optical sensor
tool uses optical sensing technology
to directly detect and quantify gas
in multiphase flows.
FloView Plus* holdup measurement
tool for highly deviated and horizontal wells is an imaging tool that
helps identify the flow regime and
measures holdup.
RSTPro reservoir saturation tool
provides sigma, carbon/oxygen
(C/O) ratio, water flow, three-phase
holdup, and spectrometry logging.
SCMT slim cement mapping tool is
a 11116-in [4.29-cm] sonic tool that
produces an eight-segment cement
map and conventional 3-ft [0.91m]
CBL and 5-ft [1.52-m] Variable
Density log displays.
PS Platform Multifinger Imaging
Tool (PMIT) makes internal casing
or tubing condition measurements
from multiple caliper measurements
around the casing or tubing.
Typical PS Platform production logging platform toolstrings are configured

for the well position and number of
production phases:
Vertical well configuration
Single- or two-phase production
or single-phase injection: Basic
toolstring with optional PGMS
Three-phase production: Basic
toolstring with GHOST tool and
PGMS
High-angle or horizontal well
configuration
Single-phase production: Basic
toolstring
Two- or three-phase production:
Basic toolstring with FloView Plus
or GHOST tool
Applications


Vertical and deviated wells
Formation stimulation evaluation
Depth correlation
Reservoir and production
monitoring
Transient analysis
Short periods of multiple-layer
testing
56
PBMS
PGMS
PUCS-A
GHOST-A
CCL-N
PMIT-A
PILS-A
RST-C
FloView Plus
PFCS
SCMT-BB
57
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Mud type or weight
limitations
PBMS
PFCS
PGMS
GHOST Tool
RSTPro Tool
SCMT Tool
Gamma ray, CCL, pressure

(Sapphire or CQG* crystal quartz
gauge), temperature, relative
bearing, tool acceleration
Depends on the
application
Sapphire gauge: 1 to 10,000 psi
[6,895 Pa to 69 MPa]
High-pressure Sapphire gauge:
1,000 to 1,500 psi [6.9 to 103 MPa]
CQG gauge: 14.5 to 15,000 psi
[0.1 to 103 MPa]
Temperature: Ambient to
302 degF [150 degC]
Point of measurement
Fluid velocity, caliper
Fluid density
Gas holdup, bubble size,

caliper, relative bearing
CBL amplitude, Variable

Density log, cement map
Variable
Depends on the
application
0 to 2.0 g/cm3
Depends on the
application
Gas holdup: 0 to 100%
Caliper: 2 to 9 in
[5.08 to 22.86 cm]
Sigma, porosity, C/O ratio,

spectrometry, WFL* water
flow log, TPHL* three-phase
fluid holdup log
Depends on the
application
Sigma: 0 to 60 cu [0 to 6.0/m]
Capture mode: 0 to 60%
(uncorrected)
15 in [38.10 cm]
15 in [38.10 cm]
Sapphire gauge: 6 psi

[41,370 Pa] (accuracy),
0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution)
13 psi [89,632 Pa] (accuracy),
0.2 psi [1,379 Pa] at 1-s gate
time (resolution)
CQG gauge: (1 psi [6,894 Pa] +
0.01% of reading) (accuracy),
0.01 psi [69 Pa] at 1-s gate time
(resolution)
Temperature: 1.8 degF [1 degC]
(accuracy), 0.01 degF [0.018 degC]
(resolution)
Borehole
Caliper: 0.2 in [5.1 mm]

(accuracy), 0.04 in [1.0 mm]
on diameter (resolution)
0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy),

0.002 g/cm3 (resolution)
Gas holdup between 2% and

98%: 1% (otherwise without
probe protector: 5%, with
probe protector: 7%)
Based on formation, casing,

and borehole characteristics
Borehole
Borehole
Borehole
10 in [25.40 cm]
None
None
Measurement not valid

in horizontal wells
None
None
CBL and cement map:

Casing to cement bond
None
SCMT Tool
Spinner: 0.5 to 200 rps

Caliper: 2 to 11 in
[5.08 to 27.94 cm] (diameter)
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]

VDL window length:
1,200 ms
Firing center accuracy:
20 kHz
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
Cement map: 2 ft [0.61 m]
CBL: 2% (repeatability)
Exceeds NACE standards

for HS resistance
PBMS
PFCS
PGMS
GHOST Tool
RSTPro Tool
Temperature rating
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
Pressure rating
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
10,000 psi [69 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
2 in [6.03 cm]
2 in [6.03 cm]
2 in [6.03 cm]
2 in [5.08 cm]
2 in [6.03 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
11 in [27.94 cm]
No limit
9 in [22.86 cm]
Outside diameter
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
1.71 in [4.34 cm]
Length
8.27 ft [2.52 m]
5.14 ft [1.57 m]
4.8 ft [1.46 m]
7.1 ft [2.16 m]
Weight
38.3 lbm [17.4 kg]
19.7 lbm [8.9 kg]
29.5 lbm [13.4 kg]
28.4 lbm [12.9 kg]
RST-C: 11316 in [4.60 cm]

RST-D: 2 in [7.30 cm]
RST-C: 7 in [19.37 cm]
RST-D: 9 in [24.45 cm]
RST-C: 1.71 in [4.34 cm]
RST-D: 2.51 in [6.37 cm]
RST-C: 23.0 ft [7.01 m]
RST-D: 22.2 ft [6.77 m]
RST-C: 101 lbm [46 kg]
RST-D: 208 lbm [94 kg]
For
7 in [17.78 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
11 ft [3.35 m]
50 lbm [23 kg]
high-temperature applications, ask your Schlumberger representative for the individual tool specifications.
tubing size
Minimum
58
Dielectric Dispersion
Logging
Dielectric Scanner
MultifrequencyDielectricDispersion Service
Dielectric Scanner multifrequency
dielectric dispersion service provides
continuous, high-resolution measurement of the variation of formation
dielectric properties as a function of
frequency. Radial interpretation of
each frequency provides permittivity
and conductivity, which are input to a
petrophysical model to obtain waterfilled porosity (hence water saturation within the total porosity), water
salinity, and textural effects. Pressure,
temperature, and the permittivity and
conductivity of the borehole mudcake
are also measured to correct for environmental effects.
In carbonates, Dielectric Scanner
services analysis of textural effects
provides a continuous in situ measurement the Archie mn exponents
instead of requiring their estimation
or a wait for laboratory core analysis.
In shaly sands, processing provides a
continuous log of the cation exchange
capacity (CEC), accounting for the
effect of the clay volume.
The articulated pad of Dielectric
Scanner service improves contact with
the formation in rugose boreholes, a
condition that previous mandrel-type
electromagnetic propagation tools
weresensitive to.
Applications
Direct measurement of water
volume independent of water
resistivity (Rw) at a depth of
investigation to 4in [10 cm],
solving for
Residual hydrocarbon volume
in produced reservoirs
Hydrocarbon volume in lowresistivity or low-contrast shaly
and laminated sand formations
Hydrocarbon volume and
mobility in heavy oil reservoirs
Water salinity
Continuous Archie mn exponent log

from rock texture measurements
in carbonates for determining
saturations beyond the invaded zone
CEC to account for the effect of
clay volume in siliciclastics
High-resolution water-filled porosity
for thin-bed analysis
Dielectric Dispersion Logging
61
Output
Logging speed
at highest frequency
Vertical resolution
Accuracy at highest frequency
Combinability
1-in
Relative dielectric permittivity and conductivity at four frequencies

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Permittivity: 1 to 100
Conductivity: 0.1 to 3,000 mS
1 in [2.5 cm]
Corresponding to 0.002-ft3/ft3 [0.002-m3/m3] water-filled porosity
Permittivity: 1% or 0.1
Conductivity: 1% or 5 mS
To 4 in [10 cm]
None
Conveyance on wireline, TLC tough logging conditions system, or tractor
Articulated pad for rugose boreholes
resolution depending on frequency
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Outside diameter
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4.77 in [12.12 cm]
5.5 in [13.97 cm]
22.0 in [55.88 cm]
Min. restriction
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
5.25 in [13.34 cm]

11.27 ft [3.44 m]
262 lbm [119 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,411 N]
4,400 lbf [19,572 N]
8,000
lbf [35,586 N] with stiffener kit for the TLC system
62
Resistivity Logging
Rt Scanner
Triaxial Induction Service
Rt Scanner triaxial induction service
calculates vertical and horizontal resistivity (Rv and Rh, respectively) from
direct measurements while simultaneously solving for formation dip at any
well deviation. Making measurements
at multiple depths of investigation in
three dimensions ensures that the
derived resistivities are true 3D measurements. The enhanced hydrocarbon
and water saturation estimates computed from these measurements result
in a more accurate reservoir model
and reserves estimates, especially for
low-resistivity laminated, anisotropic,
or faulted formations.
Compact, one-piece Rt Scanner
service has multiple triaxial arrays,
each containing three collocated coils
measuring at various depths into the
formation. Rv and Rh are calculated
at each of the triaxial spacings. Short
single-axis receivers and collocated
triaxial receivers are used to fully
characterize the borehole signal and
remove the borehole effect.
Rt Scanner service also simultaneously measures formation dip and
azimuth for making advanced corrections for the effects of bed boundaries and formation dip. Accurate dip
and azimuth measurements can be
obtained for a wide range of borehole
conditions and formation environments, including at any well angle to
the formation layers, in air-filled boreholes, and in the presence of invasion.
Layer dip is computed at 10- to 50-ft
[3- to 15-m] intervals.
Although the intervals are at lower

vertical resolution than dip from an
image tool or dipmeter, measurements from Rt Scanner service are
sufficiently robust to provide critical structural information and detect
major events, such as bed boundaries
and unconformities or faults crossing
the borehole.
Along with advanced resistivity and
structural information, Rt Scanner
service delivers standard AIT array
induction imager tool measurements
for correlation with existing field logs.
The tools innovative single-piece
design requires the addition of only a
caliper and the GPIT* general purpose
inclinometry tool to the toolstring to
operate. Rt Scanner service is also
fully combinable with most openhole
services and the Platform Express
integrated wireline logging tool, adding
only 7 ft [2m] to the length of a triplecombo Platform Express tool when
replacing the AIT resistivity tool.
Applications
Quantification of laminated or
low-resistivity formations
Corrected resistivity for shoulder
beds at any dip
Determination of water
saturation, Sw
Geometric reservoir modeling
Structural analysis
Completion design and facilities
optimization
Resistivity Logging
65
Rt Scanner Service
Output
Logging speed
Combinability
Rv, Rh, AIT tool logs, spontaneous potential, dip, azimuth

Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
AIT: 10, 20, 30, 60, and 90 in [25.40, 50.80, 76.20, 152.40,
and 228.60 cm]
Determined during job planning
Bottom-only tool, combinable with
Platform Express tool and most openhole tools
Rt Scanner Service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
20 in [50.8 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
19.6 ft [5.97 m]
404 lbm [183 kg]
25,000 lbf [111,205 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
Does not include required standoff
66
Induction Tools
Induction logging tools accurately measure open borehole formation conductivity as a function of both well depth
and radius into the formation at different borehole conditions and environments. Various tools cater to special
operating environments, including slim
wells and hostile, HPHT environments.
Wireline array induction tools use
an array induction coil that operates
at multiple frequencies. Software
focusing of the received signals generates a series of resistivity logs with
different depths of investigation.
Multichannel signal processing provides robust, stable tool responses
with enhanced radial and vertical
resolution and correction for environmental effects. Quantitative 2D imaging of formation resistivity is possible
because of the large number of measurements made. The images represent bedding and invasion features
clearly and quantitatively. Advanced
invasion description parameters are
used to describe the presence of transition zones and annuli. The quantitative information about invasion can
be converted to a 2D image of water
saturation Sw, which can be plotted in
color at the wellsite.
AIT array induction

imager tool
The standard AIT-B and AIT-C tools
are used in moderate-environment
wellbore conditions to measure the
true resistivity of geologic formations. The AIT toolss measurement
of conductivity as a function of both
depth and distance from the borehole
revolutionized induction logging by
increasing the depth of investigation
of the measured signal concurrent
with reducing the vertical resolution
from 4 to 2 ft [1.22 to 0.61m] and to 1ft
[0.30 m] in smooth wellbores.
Platform Express array

induction imager tool
The AIT-H tool is designed expressly
for the Platform Express integrated
wireline logging tool. It is approximately one-half the length of the
AIT-B and AIT-C tools, yet provides
the same high-quality measurement.
The tool is used primarily in standard logging conditions of pressure
to 15,000psi [103MPa] and temperature to 257degF [125degC]. The
more recent AIT-M tool provides the
same measurements with a temperature rating of 302degF [150degC].
Hostile Environment
Induction Imager Tool
The HIT is a component of the Xtreme
platform for logging hostile environment wells. Even under severe
temperature and pressure conditions, the induction measurement
quality matches that of the standard
AITtools.
SlimXtreme Array
Induction Imager Tool
The QAIT tool is used with the
SlimXtreme platform to log slim
wellbores under severe environmental conditions. The slim tool diameter is also useful for logging through
severedoglegs.
Resistivity Logging
QAIT
AIT-C
AIT-BA
67
Applications

Determination of Rt
Determination of Sw
Hydrocarbon identification
and imaging
Determination of movable
hydrocarbons
Invasion profiling
Thin-bed analysis
AIT-B and AIT-C
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
AO
AIT-H and AIT-M
HIT
QAIT
10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and 90-in [25.40-, 50.80-, 76.20-, 152.40-, and 228.60-cm] deep induction resistivities, SP, Rm
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0.1 to 2,000 ohm.m
1, 2, and 4 ft [0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
Resistivities: 0.75 us/m (conductivity) or 2% (whichever is greater)
AO/AT/AF10: 10 in [25.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF20: 20 in [50.80 cm]
AO/AT/AF30: 30 in [76.20 cm]
AO/AT/AF60: 60 in [152.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF90: 90 in [228.60 cm]
Salt-saturated muds usually outside the operating range of induction tools
Combinable with most services
Platform Express tool
Xtreme platform
SlimXtreme platform
High temperature
Slim wellbores
HS service
HPHT
= 1-ft [0.30-m] vertical resolution, AT = 2-ft [0.61-m] vertical resolution, AF = 4-ft [1.22-m] vertical resolution
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
AIT-B and AIT-C
AIT-H
AIT-M
HIT
QAIT
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
33.5 ft [10.21 m]
575 lbm [261 kg]
16,500 lbf [73,400 N]
2,300 lbf [10,230 N]
257 degF [125 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
16 ft [4.88 m]
255 lbm [116 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
16 ft [4.88 m]
282 lbm [128 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
4 in [12.38 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
29.2 ft [8.90 m]
625 lbm [283 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
3 in [9.84 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
30.8 ft [9.39 m]
499 lbm [226 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
2,000 lbf [8,900 N]
Without SP sub
68
Laterolog Tools
ARI azimuthal
resistivityimager
Applications
Determination of Rt
Deviated and horizontal
well evaluation
Thin-bed analysis
Rt measurements free
ofGrningeneffects
Short-radius wells
The ARI* azimuthal resistivity imager

combines standard laterolog measurements with a 12-channel azimuthal
resistivity image and a high-resolution
deep resistivity measurement. The
resistivity image has 100% borehole
coverage and complements highresolution borehole images from the
FMI* fullbore formation microimager
by differentiating between natural
deep fractures and shallow, drillinginduced cracks. Azimuthal resistivity
measurements also enable the detection of nearby conductive beds in
horizontal wells.
Applications
Determination of Rt
Deviated and horizontal
wellevaluation
Azimuthal resistivity evaluation
High-Resolution Azimuthal
Laterolog Sonde
The HALS uses a central azimuthal
array of electrodes to produce deep
and shallow resistivity images and an
image of the electrical standoff for
the Platform Express integrated wireline logging tool. A computed focusing
scheme increases the accuracy of the
measurement and enables the simultaneous computation of standard and
high-resolution curves by changing
the focusing conditions.
HALS
Applications
HRLA high-resolution
laterolog array tool
Determination of Rt
Resistivity logs and azimuthal
images with 1-ft [0.30-m]
verticalresolution
Thin-bed analysis
Fracture identification and
characterization
Deviated and horizontal well
evaluation
Grningen-corrected resistivity
Evaluation of heterogeneous
reservoirs
Borehole profiling
Invasion characterization for
permeability indication
Identification of fluid contacts
The HRLA* high-resolution laterolog

array tool provides five independent,
actively focused, depth- and resolutionmatched measurements that can resolve
the true formation resistivity in thinly
bedded and deeply invaded formations.
Unprecedented combinability results
from the through-wired tool design. The
absence of a current return at surface
as well as no required use of a bridle
greatly improves wellsite efficiency.
HRLA
ARI
Resistivity Logging
69
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
ARI Imager
HRLA Tool
HALS
Deep laterolog, shallow laterolog,

high-resolution deep laterolog,
Grningen laterolog, azimuthal
resistivity, resistivity images
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
0.2 to 100,000 ohm.m
Deep laterolog, shallow laterolog,

high-resolution resistivity, diameter of
invasion, resistivity images, mud resistivity
High-resolution deep laterolog,

high-resolution shallow laterolog,
resistivity images, mud resistivity
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

Rm = 1 ohm.m: 0.2 to
100,000 ohm.m
Rm = 0.02 ohm.m: 0.2 to
20,000 ohm.m
12 in [30.48 cm]
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

0.2 to 40,000 ohm.m
Deep and shallow laterolog:

29-in [73.66-cm] beam width
High-resolution laterolog:
8-in [20.32-cm] beam width
1 to 2,000 ohm.m: 5%
2,000 to 5,000 ohm.m: 10%
5,000 to 100,000 ohm.m: 20%
40 in [101.6 cm] (varies with
formation and mud resistivities)
Rm < 5 ohm.m
1 to 2,000 ohm.m: 5%
2,000 to 5,000 ohm.m: 10%
5,000 to 100,000 ohm.m: 20%
50 in [127.0 cm]
Conductive mud systems only
Standard resolution: 18 in [45.72 cm]

High resolution: 8 in [20.32 cm]
1 to 2,000 ohm.m: 5%
32 in [81.3 cm] (varies with

formation and mud resistivities)
Conductive mud systems only
Bottom component of
Platform Express tool
HRLA performance specifications are for 8-in borehole.

Median response at 10:1 contrast of true to invaded zone resistivity
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
ARI Imager
HRLA Tool
HALS
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
3 in [9.21 cm]
7 in [18.41 cm]
33.25 ft [10.13 m]
579 lbm [263 kg]
3,000 lbf [13,345 N]
9,400 lbf [41,810 N]
2,000 lbf [8,900 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
5 in [12.70 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
3 in [9.21 cm]
257 degF [125 degC]

10,000 psi [69 MPa]
5 in [13.97 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
3 in [9.21 cm]
24.1 ft [7.34 m]
394 lbm [179 kg]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
16 ft [4.88 m]
221 lbm [100 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
With fin standoff: 3,600 lbf [16,010 N]

With rigid centralizers: 7,800 lbf [34,700 N]
2,400 lbf [10,675 N]

With four rigid centralizers:
9,400 lbf [41,810 N]
ARI tool is available in two sizes to fit different borehole sizes.
70
Microresistivity Tools
Microresistivity tools measure the
resistivity of the invaded zone Rxo.
Micro-normal and -inverse measurements are made for permeability
indication.
MicroSFL spherically
focused resistivity tool
The MicroSFL* spherically focused
resistivity tool (MSFL) achieves the
very shallow depth of investigation
necessary to measure formation
resistivity close to the borehole wall
through its electrode spacing arrangement in combination with control of
the bucking current. The MicroSFL
tool also provides an indication of the
mudcake thickness hmc and a realtime synthetic microlog generated
from the micro-normal (MNOR) and
micro-inverse (MINV) measurements.
Micro-Cylindrically
Focused Log
The Micro-Cylindrically Focused Log
(MCFL) and Three-Detector Lithology
Density (TLD) tools are collocated on
the Platform Express integrated wireline logging tool. The MCFL consists
of a narrow, wear-resistant metallic
pad and provides three basic measurements: Rxo, hmc, and the mudcake
resistivity Rmc.
The MCFL has several advantages
over previous devices for measuring
invaded zone resistivity. The MCFL
uses a dual-focusing method to create cylindrical equipotential surfaces
that are the optimal shape for the
cylindrical borehole and mudcake and
make the tool insensitive to variations
in mudcake thickness and borehole

geometry. The 3-in [7.62-cm] depth of
investigation also makes the measurement insensitive to mudcake up to
0.4 in [1 cm] thick, and correction
can be made for thicker mudcake. The
measurement of mudcake thickness
is input to quality control processes
for the TLD and other tools sensitive
to standoff.
Powered Caliper Device

with microlog tool
The Powered Caliper Device (PCD)
with microlog tool consists of a
hydraulic sonde containing two caliper arms and a microlog pad. The
microlog pad is mounted on the larger
caliper arm, which eccenters the tool.
The smaller caliper arm is mounted
opposite the large arm and is used
as a borehole rugosity indicator. The
microlog micro-normal and microinverse measurements are used to
indicate permeability.
Applications
Rxo measurement
Invasion correction of deep
resistivity measurements
Detection of permeable zones
Quantitative estimate of water
saturation in the flushed zone
(Sxo) (movable oil)
Evaluation of sand-shale
laminations (sand count)
Measurement of hole diameter
Indication of hole rugosity
Resistivity Logging
MCFL
MSFL
PCD
71
MicroSFL Tool
MCFL
PCD with Microlog
Output
Resistivity of the invaded zone
Resistivity of the invaded zone
Logging speed
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]

0.2 to 1,000 ohm.m
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

0.2 to 2,000 ohm.m
Vertical resolution
2 to 3 in [5.08 to 7.67 cm]
0.70 in [1.78 cm]
Accuracy
2 ohm.m
0.7 in [1.78 cm]
5%
3.0 in [7.62 cm]

Combinability
Oil-base mud
Oil-base mud
Housed with the TLD in the
High-Resolution Mechanical
Sonde of the Platform Express tool
Micro-normal, micro-inverse,
two calipers (single axis)
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Short arm: 1.25 in [3.18 cm]
Hole diameter: 22 in [55.9 cm]
Micro-normal: 2 in [5.08 cm]
Micro-inverse: 1 in [2.54 cm]
Micro-normal: 1.5 in [3.8 cm]
Micro-inverse: 0.5 in [1.3 cm]
Oil-base mud
Provides eccentric positioning for

other services that require it
MicroSFL Tool
MCFL
PCD with Microlog
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [13.97 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
17 in [44.45 cm]
Caliper closed:
4.77 in [12.11 cm]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Without bow spring: 515 in [13.21 cm]
With bow spring: 6 in [15.24 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
4.625 in [11.75 cm]
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
12.3 ft [3.75 m]
313 lbm [142 kg]
40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Without microlog pad: 6 in [16.51 cm]
With microlog pad: 7 in [22.23 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
Without pad: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]
With slim pad: 5 in [12.70 cm]
With standard pad: 6.25 in [15.87 cm]
17.25 ft [5.26 m]
345 lbm [156 kg]
40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
10.85 ft [3.31 m]
171.7 lbm [78 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
8,800 lbf [39,140 N]
72
CHFR-Plus and CHFR-Slim

CasedHoleFormationResistivity Tools
The CHFR-Plus cased hole formation
resistivity tool and CHFR-Slim slimhole
tool provide deep-reading resistivity
measurements from behind steel
casing. The tools induce a current that
travels in the casing, where it flows
both upward and downward before
returning to the surface along a path
similar to that employed by openhole
laterolog tools. Most of the current
remains in the casing, but a very small
portion escapes to the formation.
Electrodes on the tools measure the
potential difference created by the
leaked current, which is proportional
to the formation conductivity.
Typical formation resistivity values
are about 109 times the resistivity value
of the steel casing. The measurement
current escaping to the formation
causes a voltage drop in the casing
segment. Because the resistance of
casing is a few tens of microohms and
the leaked current is typically on the
order of few milliamperes, the potential
difference measured by the CHFR-Plus
and CHFR-Slim tools is in nanovolts.
Measurement is performed while
the CHFR-Plus and CHFR-Slim tools
are stationary to avoid the noise
introduced by tool movement. Contact
between the electrodes and the casing

is optimized by the design of the
electrodes, which scrape through small
amounts of casing scale and corrosion.
Because the electrodes are in direct
contact with the casing, the CHFR-Plus
and CHFR-Slim tools are not limited
to operations in conductive borehole
fluids and operate in wells with oil,
oil-base mud, or gas in the casing. The
typical low-resistivity (1- to 5-ohm.m)
cements used in well construction do
not have a significant effect on cased
hole resistivity measurement.
Applications
Measuring resistivity behind
casing in new or old wells
Reservoir monitoring
Locating bypassed hydrocarbons
Determining residual oil
saturation and identifying
gas/oil/water contacts
Contingency logging in wells
where openhole logs cannot
be run
Reevaluating existing fields
CHFR-Slim
CHFR-Plus
Resistivity Logging
73
Output
Logging speed
Formation resistivity
Stationary: 1 min/station
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
1 to 100 ohm.m
4 ft [1.2 m]
3% to 10%
7 to 32 ft [2.1 to 9.75 m]
None
Gamma ray, CCL
HS service
Stations are recorded every 4 ft [1.22 m]. Two resistivity measurements, 2 ft [0.61 m] apart are made simultaneously by redundant electrodes at each
station. The resulting effective logging speed is 240 ft/h [73 m/h].
Measurement of resistivities greater than 100 ohm.m may be possible based on the environment.
For an infinitely thick bed
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
CHFR-Plus Tool
CHFR-Slim Tool
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in
9 in
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
48 ft [14.63 m]
683 lbm [310 kg]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
2,400 lbf [10,675 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in (min. ID: 2.4 in [6.10 cm])
7 in
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
37 ft [11.28 m]
253 lbm [115 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,448 N]
74
Nuclear
Measurements
Gamma Ray Tools

Gamma ray tools record naturally
occurring gamma rays in the formations adjacent to the wellbore. This
nuclear measurement indicates the
radioactive content of the formations.
Effective in any environment, gamma
ray tools are the standard device used
for the correlation of logs in cased and
open holes.
Applications
Depth determination
Depth correlation within the well
and between wells
Lithology identification
Qualitative evaluation of shaliness
Qualitative evaluation of radioactive
mineral deposits
Cased hole perforating
depthcontrol
Positioning for openhole
samplingtools
CGRS
SGT-N
HGNS
HTGC
QTGC
Nuclear Measurements
77
Highly Integrated
Gamma Neutron
Sonde (HGNS)
Hostile Environment
Scintillation Gamma
Telemetry and Gamma Ray Tool (SGT)
Ray Cartridge (HTGC)
SlimXtreme Telemetry
and Gamma Ray
Cartridge (QTGC)
Combinable Gamma
Ray Sonde (CGRS)
Output
Logging speed
Formation gamma ray

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Formation gamma ray

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Formation gamma ray

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Formation gamma ray

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Mud type or
weight limitations
Combinability
0 to 1,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
0 to 2,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
0 to 2,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
0 to 2,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
Gamma ray activity

Up to 3,600 ft/h
[1,097m/h]
0 to 2,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
Part of Platform
Express tool
Combinable with
most tools
Combinable with
most tools
Combinable with
most tools
Combinable with CPLT

tool, RSTPro tool
HS service
HGNS
HTGC
SGT
QTGC
CGRS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.38 cm]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
3 in [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit for gamma ray

measurement
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
10.85 ft [3.31 m]
171.7 lbm [78 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
37,000 lbf [164,580 N]
No limit
No limit
No limit
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
11316-in [4.61-cm]
seating nipple
No limit
3.75 in [9.53 cm]

10.7 ft [3.26 m]
265 lbm [120 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]

5.5 ft [1.68 m]
83 lbm [38 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [103,210 N]
3.0 in [7.62 cm]

10.67 ft [3.25 m]
180 lbm [82 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
11116 in [4.29 cm]

3.2 ft [0.97 m]
16 lbm [7 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
78
Spectral Gamma Ray Tools

Spectral gamma ray tools provide
insight into the mineral composition
of formations. The total gamma ray
spectra measured is resolved into the
three most common components of
naturally occurring radiation in sands
and shalespotassium, thorium, and
uranium (K, Th, and U, respectively).
These data are used to distinguish
important features of the clay or sand
around the wellbore. The clay type
can be determined, and sand can be
identified as radioactive. The deposition of radioactive salts behind the
casing by the movement of water can
also be identified.
NGS natural gamma ray

spectrometry tool
The NGS* natural gamma ray spectrometry tool uses five-window spectroscopy to resolve the total gamma ray
spectra into K, Th, and U curves. The
standard gamma ray and the gamma
ray minus the uranium component are
also presented. The computed gamma
ray or Th curve can be used to evaluate the clay content where radioactive
minerals are present.
Hostile Environment
Natural Gamma Ray Sonde
The increased sensitivity of the HNGS
set of detectors improves the tools
statistical response to the formation
gamma rays to produce a better spectral analysis than that of previous
tools. The improvement in measurement also results from the use of two
detectors instead of one. The HNGS
can log at a faster speed than other
tools that measure the formation
natural gamma ray emissions. Its
500 degF [260 degC] temperature
rating makes it suitable for operations
in hot borehole environments.
Applications

Cation exchange capacity studies

Detailed well-to-well correlation
Definition of facies and
depositional environment
Igneous rock recognition
Recognition of other radioactive
materials
Estimated uranium and potassium
potentials
Lithologic analysis log input
HNGS
79
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
NGS Tool
HNGS
Gamma ray; corrected gamma ray for uranium;

potassium, thorium, and uranium curves
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
0 to 2,000 gAPI
8 to 12 in [20.32 to 30.48 cm]
K: 0.4% (accuracy), 0.25% (repeatability)
Th: 3.2 ppm (accuracy), 1.5 ppm (repeatability)
U: 2.3 ppm (accuracy), 0.9 ppm (repeatability)
9.5 in [24.13 cm]
In KCl muds, KCl content must be known
Gamma ray; corrected gamma ray for uranium;

potassium, thorium, and uranium curves
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
0 to 2,000 gAPI
8 to 12 in [20.32 to 30.48 cm]
K: 0.5% (accuracy), 0.14% (repeatability)
Th: 2% (accuracy), 0.9 ppm (repeatability)
U: 2% (accuracy), 0.4 ppm (repeatability)
9.5 in [24.13 cm]
In KCl muds, KCl content must be known
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
NGS Tool
HNGS
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
No limit
NGT-C: 3 in [9.21 cm]
NGT-D: 3 in [9.84 cm]
8.6 ft [2.62 m]
NGT-C: 165 lbm [75 kg]
NGT-D: 189 lbm [86 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
No limit
3 in [9.53 cm]
11.7 ft [3.57 m]
276 lbm [125 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
80
Litho Scanner
High-Definition Spectroscopy Service
Litho Scanner high-definition spectroscopy service employs dual spectral
acquisition as the basis for accurate
elemental weight fractions, mineralogy, and lithologyincluding a
stand-alone, quantitative, in situ determination of total organic carbon (TOC).
The decay of the gamma ray signal over
time can also be simultaneously measured to determine the average thermal neutron capture cross section, or
sigma (), for characterizing fluids in
the pore space. The service combines a
high-output pulsed neutron generator
(PNG), unique cerium-doped lanthanum bromide (LaBr3:Ce) crystal, and
specialized high-performance electronics for acquisition and processing to
measure both inelastic and capture
spectra for an expanded set of key elements in a wide variety of rock formations at higher precision and accuracy
than possible from previous-generation
spectroscopy tools in both open and
cased holes.
In carbonates the measurement of
magnesium from the uncontaminated
inelastic spectrum is highly useful for
clearly distinguishing between calcite
and dolomite. The improved sulfur
measurement similarly supports the
quantification of anhydrite from calcite.
In situ TOC is computed by
subtracting the amount of inorganic
carbon (IC) associated with carbonate
minerals from the total inelastic
measurement of carbon. Thus the
LithoScanner services TOC consists of
the carbon contributions of all organic
matter present in the formation:
kerogen, oil, bitumen, filtrate, gas, coal,
etc. Presented as a continuous wellsite
log, instead of individual laboratory
measurements, the TOC output is
based solely on direct measurements
by Litho Scanner service, which makes
it independent of the environment
andreservoir.
In shale gas reservoirs the in situ

TOC is a direct quantification of the
kerogen in place. In shale oil reservoirs,
comparing the in situ TOC with NMR
measurements easily differentiates
the movable hydrocarbon from the
nonmovable kerogen in place without
requiring the use of a multisolver
model. In both shale gas and shale oil
reservoirs, the matrix density provided
by Litho Scanner service is used as a
reference to quantify additional density
porosity in the kerogen content.
Combinable with most openhole
services and conveyed on wireline,
drillpipe, or tractor, 4.5-in-OD
Litho Scanner service also delivers
4times better precision than current
technology at a higher speed and
with outstanding high-temperature
performance from the LaBr3:Ce
scintillator. No detector cooling
system is needed, and the high
spectral quality is maintained even
during lengthy logging operations at
the rated tool temperature of 350degF
[177 degC].
Applications
Detailed quantitative mineralogy
in complex lithologies
Real-time element measurements
and robust quantitative lithology
Ca, Fe, Mg, and S for carbonate
lithology
Al, Fe, and Si for siliciclastic
lithology
Al, Ca, Fe, K, and Si for unconventional reservoirs
Continuous in situ TOC log
Kerogen volume in shale oil
andshale gas reservoirs
Weight-percent oil in heavy oil
reservoirs and oil sands
81
Independent measurement of oil

volume
Identification of low-resistivity
pay
Identification of oil zones in
freshwater, mixed, and unknown
salinity reservoirs
Better delineation of the oil/
water contact in low-permeability
reservoirs
Formation fluid sigma
Gas identification
Baseline to monitor fluid movement for enhanced oil recovery
(EOR)
Matrix properties for petrophysical

evaluation
Accurate density porosity
Neutron mineralogy correction
Mud-independent photoelectric
factor
Dielectric permittivity and sigma
Element logs for well-to-well correlation and sequence stratigraphy
Cased hole formation evaluation
behind casing
Identification of bypassed zones
Wireline measurements as a
complement to LWD
Quick, accurate bulk mineralogy

and TOC inputs to sCore*
lithofacies classification scheme
used to target intervals with
superior reservoir and completion
quality in the Mangrove*
engineered stimulation design in
the Petrel E&P software platform
Metals for mining exploration: Cu,
Gd, Ni, and Ti
Output
Logging speed
Elemental yields, elemental weight fractions, TOC, dry-weight

mineralconcentrations, formation sigma, matrix properties
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
1 to 10 MeV
Vertical resolution
Combinability
18 in [45.72 cm]
7 to 9 in [17.78 to 22.86 cm]
None
Combinable with most openhole tools
Conveyance on wireline, TLC tough logging conditions system,
or tractor
A tool planner is used to estimate the precision of the elemental concentrations and interpreted properties such as matrix density
for a given environment, with the recommended logging speed depending on the required precision.
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Version A: 284 degF [140 degC]

Version C: 350 degF [177 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
5.5 in [13.97 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
24 in [60.96 cm]
4.5 in [11.4 cm]
Version A: 14 ft [4.27 m]
Version C: 9 ft [2.74 m]
Version A: 366 lbm [166 kg]
Version C: 290 lbm [132 kg]
55,000 lbf [244,652 N]
22,500 lbf [100,085 N]
Weight
Tension
Compression
With bow spring
82
ECS
Elemental Capture Spectroscopy Sonde
The ECS elemental capture
spectroscopy sonde uses a standard
16Ci [59.2 1010-Bq] americium
beryllium (AmBe) neutron source and
a large bismuth germanate (BGO)
detector to measure relative elemental
yields based on neutron-induced
capture gamma ray spectroscopy. The
primary elements measured in both
open and cased holes are for the
formation elements silicon (Si), iron
(Fe), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), titan
ium (Ti), gadolinium (Gd), chlorine
(Cl), barium (Ba), and hydrogen (H).
Wellsite processing uses the
254-channel gamma ray energy spectrum to produce dry-weight elements,
lithology, and matrix properties. The
first step involves spectral deconvolution of the composite gamma ray
energy spectrum by using a set of elemental standards to produce relative
elemental yields. The relative yields are
then converted to dry-weight elemental concentration logs for the elements
Si, Fe, Ca, S, Ti, and Gd using an oxides
closure method. Matrix properties and
quantitative dry-weight lithologies are
then calculated from the dry-weight
elemental fractions by SpectroLith
lithology processing for spectroscopy
tools using empirical relationships
derived from an extensive core chemistry and mineralogy database.
The outputs of SpectroLith lithology
processing are
dry-weight lithology fractions
(from elements)
total clay
total carbonate
anhydrite + gypsum from
S and Ca
QFM (quartz + feldspar + mica)
pyrite
siderite
coal
salt
matrix properties (from elements)

matrix grain density
matrix thermal and epithermal
neutron
matrix sigma.
Applications
DecisionXpress integrated
petrophysical analysis
Clay fraction independent of
gamma ray, spontaneous potential,
and density neutron
Carbonate, gypsum or anhydrite,
QFM, pyrite, siderite, coal, and
salt fractions for complexreservoir analysis
Matrix density and matrix neutron
values for more accurate porosity
calculation
Sigma matrix for cased and openhole sigma saturation analysis
Mineralogy-based permeability
estimates
Quantitative lithology for
rock properties modeling and
pore pressure prediction from
seismicdata
Geochemical stratigraphy (chemo
stratigraphy) for well-to-well correlation
Enhanced completion and drilling
fluid recommendations based on
clay versus carbonate cementation
Coalbed methane bed delineation,
producibility, and in situ reserves
estimation

ECS
83
ECS Sonde
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Elemental yields, dry-weight elemental fractions,

dry-weight SpectroLith lithology, matrix properties
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
600 keV to 8 MeV
18 in [45.72 cm]
2% coherence to standards computed
9 in [22.86 cm]
None
Automatic wellsite petrophysical interpretation
Elemental statistical uncertainty at nominal conditions (1,800-ft/h logging speed, resolution degradation factor of 5, 16,000-cps count rate,
and closure normalization factor of 3): Si 2.16%, Ca 2.19%, Fe 0.36%, S 1.04%, Ti 0.10%, and Gd 3.48 ppm.
ECS Sonde
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

500 degF [260 degC] (internal flask, CO cooling)
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High-pressure housing: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
5.0 in [12.70 cm]
High-pressure housing: 5.5 in [13.97 cm]
10.15 ft [3.09 m]
305 lbm [138 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
20,000 lbf [88, 960 N]
84
Neutron Porosity Tools

Compensated neutron tools measure
the hydrogen index of downhole formations. The measurements are converted to porosity values, which in
combination with density tool measurements provide an indication of
lithology and gas in zones of interest.
Some compensated neutron tools provide thermal and epithermal measurements. Thermal measurements require
a liquid-filled borehole. Epithermal
measurements can be made in air- or
gas-filled boreholes.
CNL compensated neutron

logging tool
The CNL compensated neutron logging
tool contains a radioactive source that
bombards the formation with fast neutrons. The neutrons are slowed, primarily by hydrogen atoms in the formation.
Detectors count the slowed neutrons
deflected back to the tool. Because
the CNL tool responds primarily to the
hydrogen content of the formation, the
measurements are scaled in porosity
units. Both epithermal (intermediate
energy) neutrons and thermal (slow)
neutrons can be measured depending
on the detector design. The CNL tool
uses two thermal detectors to produce
a borehole-compensated thermal neutron measurement. The DNL* dualenergy neutron logging tool (CNT-G)
has two thermal and two epithermal
detectors that make separate energy
measurements for gas detection and
improved reservoir description.
Highly Integrated Gamma

Ray Neutron Sonde
measures neutron porosity. The HGNS

contains sensors for neutron porosity
determination and makes gamma ray
and tool acceleration measurements.
Starting from the same neutron porosity measurement principle as for the
standard CNL tool, the HGNS applies
speed correction to the measurements, which also benefit from the
enhanced reliability characteristics of
the Platform Express tool.
SlimXtreme Compensated
Neutron Porosity Tool
The SlimXtreme Compensated Neu
tron Porosity Tool (QCNT) provides
the same high-quality, environmentally corrected thermal neutron porosity data as the standard CNL tool. The
3-in [7.62-cm] diameter tool is rated
for up to 8 h of continuous logging at
500 degF [260 degC] and 30,000 psi
[207MPa].
CNL
CHFP cased hole formation

porosity service
CHFP cased hole formation porosity service makes accurate formation
porosity and sigma measurements
in cased wells. The combination of a
pulsed neutron generator with borehole shielding and focusing obtains
porosity measurements that are
affected only minimally by the borehole environment. Epithermal neutron detection virtually eliminates the
effects of thermal neutron absorbers
and formation and borehole salinity,
as well as sensitivity to matrix density,
tool standoff, and temperature.
CHFP
HGNS
QCNT-A
The Highly Integrated Gamma Ray

Neutron Sonde (HGNS) is the component of the Platform Express integrated wireline logging tool that
85
Applications

Porosity determination
Gas detection
Correlation in cased wells
Option to pump slim tools
down drillpipe
CNL Tool
HGNS
QCNT
CHFP Service
Output
Thermal neutron porosity

(uncorrected, environmentally
corrected, or alpha processed)
CNT-G: Epithermal neutron porosity

corrected, or alpha processed)
Neutron porosity,
formation sigma,
measurement quality
Logging speed

0 to 60 pu [0 to 60% uncorrected
porosity]
12 in [30.48 cm]
0 to 20 pu: 1 pu
30 pu: 2 pu
45 pu: 6 pu

corrected, or alpha processed),
formation gamma ray,
tool acceleration
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Recommended: 900 ft/h [274 m/h]

Max.: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
12 in [30.48 cm]
0 to 20 pu: 1 pu
30 pu: 2 pu
45 pu: 6 pu
12 in [30.48 cm]
0 to 20 pu: 1 pu
30 pu: 2 pu
45 pu: 6 pu
14 in [35.6 cm]
Porosity: 1 pu for 0 to 10 pu
2 pu for 10 to 25 pu
3 pu for 25 to 40 pu
4 pu for >40 pu
Sigma: 1 cu for <20 cu
7 in [18 cm]
None
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Mud type or weight
limitations
Combinability
9 in [23 cm] (varies with hydrogen index of formation)

Thermal measurements not possible in air- or gas-filled wellbores
Part of Platform Express tool

Slim wellbores
Short-radius wells
Tubing-conveyed logging
On tractor
Combinable with most toolstrings
Depends on casing and cement thickness, with deployment in casing thickness from 0.205 to 0.545 in [5.21 to 13.84 mm] and correction for combined cement and casing thickness up to 1.5 in [3.8 cm]
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
CNL Tool
HGNS
QCNT
CHFP Service
400 degF [204 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
Without bow-spring eccentralizer:
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
7.25 ft [2.21 m]
120 lbm [54 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
500 degF [260 degC]

30,000 psi [207 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
12 in [30.48 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
10.85 ft [3.31 m]
171.7 lbm [78 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
37,000 lbf [164,580 N]
11.9 ft [3.63 m]
191 lbm [87 kgm]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
15,000 lbf [66,720 N]
12.94 ft [3.94 m]
222 lbm [101 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
86
Array Porosity Measurements

APS accelerator
porosity sonde
Hostile Environment
Accelerator Porosity Sonde
The APS accelerator porosity sonde

delivers both epithermal and thermal
neutron measurements by using an
electronic pulsed neutron generator
(PNG) instead of a conventional
radioactive chemical source. The
combination of the large neutron yield
from the PNG and detector shielding
incorporated in the tool results in
measurements that are relatively
insensitive to the borehole environment
and formation characteristics, such as
lithology and salinity.
Five detectors provide accurate
information for conducting porosity
evaluation, gas detection, shale evaluation with greater vertical resolution,
and borehole correction. APS sonde
measurements can be performed in
both open and cased holes.
A proprietary algorithm computes
an equivalent thermal neutron porosity
from the hydrogen index and sigma
measurements by the APS sonde.
Because the calculation is derived
using physics and modeling, it is free
of the biases typically introduced by
empirical techniques. The equivalent
thermal neutron porosity from the APS
sonde represents the measurement
that would be obtained by a traditional
thermal neutron tool using an
americium beryllium (AmBe) source.
The APS sondes thermal neutron
porosity measurement provides continuity for comparison with conventional
logs while reducing security and environmental concerns associated with
chemical radioactive neutron sources.
The Hostile Environment Accelerator

Porosity Sonde (HAPS) is a component of the Xtreme high-pressure, high
temperature well logging platform. It
provides APS sonde measurements in
HPHT environments. The installation
of a conventional APS sonde inside
a thermal Dewar flask makes HAPS
operations possible at bottomhole temperatures up to 500degF [260degC].
Applications
Formation evaluation in open hole
and behind casing
Accurate neutron porosity
measurement in environments
with thermal neutron absorbers
Accurate hydrogen index
measurement
Clay analysis
Gas detection
Identification of thin pay zones
APS
87
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
APS Sonde
HAPS
Hydrogen index, thermal neutron porosity,

formation sigma
Porosity: 0 to 60 pu [0 to 60% uncorrected porosity]
14 in [35.56 cm]
<7 pu: 0.5 pu
7 to 30 pu: 7%
30 to 60 pu: 10%
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
7 in [17.78 cm]
None
If combined with ECS sonde,
the APS sonde must be run below it
Neutron porosity index,

formation sigma
Porosity: 0 to 60 pu [0 to 60% uncorrected porosity]
14 in [35.56 cm]
<7 pu: 0.5 pu
7 to 30 pu: 7%
30 to 60 pu: 10%
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
7 in [17.78 cm]
None
If combined with ECS sonde,
the HAPS sonde must be run below it
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
APS Sonde
HAPS
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.75 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
13 ft [3.96 m]
222 lbm [101 kg]
50,000 lbf [22,410 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
5 in [14.92 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
Without bow spring: 4 in [10.16 cm]
16 ft [4.88 m]
400 lbm [181 kg]
50,000 lbf [22,410 N]
15,000 lbf [66,720 N]
88
RSTPro
Reservoir Saturation Tool
The unique dual-detector spectrometry
system of the through-tubing RSTPro
reservoir saturation tool measures the
gamma rays that result from inelastic
scattering, thermal neutron capture,
and neutron activation during the
same trip in the well. Processing of the
inelastic and capture spectra provides
the carbon/oxygen (C/O) ratio, which
is used to determine the formation oil
saturation independent of formation
water salinity that is low or unknown.
If the salinity of the formation water
is high, the sigma mode measurement
of the formation thermal neutron capture cross section is used to calculate formation oil saturation in the
saline water environment. The measurements can also be used to detect
and quantify the presence of injection
water of a different salinity from that of
the connate water.
The RSTPro tool is used with the
PS Platform production services platform. The tool is available in two sizes
to address a range of casing sizes and
applications and the issues associated
with wellbores under static or flowing
conditions: 111 16-in [4.34-cm] RST-C
and 2-in [6.37-cm] RST-D tools. The
RST-D tool has the added advantage of
shielded detectors; the near detector is
shielded from the formation and the far
detector is shielded from the borehole.
Applications
Formation evaluation behind
casing
Sigma, porosity, and C/O measurement inone trip inthe wellbore
Water saturation evaluation in old
wells where modern openhole logs
have not been run
Measurement of water velocity
inside casing, irrespective of wellbore angle (production logging)
Measurement of near-wellbore
water velocity outside the casing
(remedial applications)
Formation oil volume from C/O
ratio, independent of formation
water salinity
Flowing wells (in combination
with an external borehole holdup
sensor)
Capture yields (H, Cl, Ca, Si, Fe, S,
Gd, and Mg)
Inelastic yields (C, O, Si, Ca,
and Fe)
TPHL three-phase borehole
holdup
PVL* phase velocity log
Borehole salinity
SpectroLith processing lithology
indicators
11116-in RST-C
212-in RST-D
89
RSTPro Tool
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
See
Inelastic and capture yields of various elements, carbon/oxygen ratio, formation capture cross section
(sigma), porosity, borehole holdup, water velocity, phase velocity, SpectroLith processing
Inelastic mode: 100 ft/h [30 m/h] (formation dependent)
Capture mode: 600 ft/h [183 m/h] (formation and salinity dependent)
Sigma mode: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
15 in [38.10 cm]
Based on hydrogen index of formation
10 in [20.54 cm]
None
Combinable with the CGRS and tools that use the telemetry system
of the PS Platform production services platform
tool planner application for advice on logging speed
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
RST-C
RST-D
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
11316 in [4.60 cm]
With flask: 2 in [5.72 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
1.71 in [4.34 cm]
23.0 ft [7.01 m]
With flask: 33.7 ft [10.27 m]
101 lbm [46 kg]
With flask: 243 lbm [110 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
302 degF [150C]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in [7.30 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
2.51 in [6.37 cm]
22.2 ft [6.76 m]
208 lbm [94 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
90
Density Tools
Density tools provide measurements
of formation density, formation photoelectric factor, and borehole diameter. The density data are used to
calculate porosity and determine the
lithology. The combination of density
and CNL tool data is used to indicate
the presence of gas.
Three-Detector Lithology
Density
The high-resolution measurements
of the Platform Express integrated
wireline logging tool include the
Three-Detector Lithology Density
(TLD) tool, which is housed in the
High-Resolution Mechanical Sonde
(HRMS). The TLD measures formation density and formation photo
electric factor. Part of the TLD
measurement is called a backscatter
density measurement because it uses
a third detector located close to the
source. Mudcake density, mudcake
photoelectric factor, and mudcake
thickness are computed using a recursive inversion scheme that is based
on a large set of data points. This
approach provides compensated density and photoelectric factor in nonbarite mud and compensated density
in barite mud.
LDS-C
HRMS
HLDS
QLDT-B
91
Litho-Density Sonde
The Litho-Density photoelectric density
logging sonde (LDS) component of
the IPL integrated porosity lithology
service measures the formation bulk
density and photoelectric factor. It has
a pad with a gamma ray source and
two detectors. Magnetic shielding and
high-speed electronics ensure excellent
measurement stability. The LDS records
the full-pulse-height gamma ray spectra
from both detectors and processes
them into windows. Bulk density and
photoelectric cross section are derived
conventionally from the windows counts
with enhanced quality control.
Hostile Environment
Lithology Density Sonde
The Hostile Environment Lithology
Density Sonde (HLDS) is a component
of the Xtreme HPHT well logging
platform. Its design and operation
are similar to those of the LDS but

adapted for hostile environment
logging. It is rated to a temperature of
500 degF [260 degC] and pressure of
25,000psi [172MPa]. The HLDS uses
a pad-mounted gamma ray source and
two detectors to make three primary
measurements: formation density,
long- and short-spacing photoelectric
factor, and hole diameter.
SlimXtreme Litho-Density
Tool
The SlimXtreme Litho-Density Tool
(QLDT) is designed for operation in
slim and hostile environments with
temperature and pressure ratings of
500 degF and 30,000 psi [207 MPa],
respectively. It measures density and
photoelectric factor using full spectral
data from a three-detector array. The
formation density is determined using
an extended spine-and-ribs algorithm.
Applications
Porosity determination
Lithology analysis and
identification of minerals
Gas detection
Hydrocarbon density determination
Shaly sand interpretation
Rock mechanical properties
calculations
Determination of overburden
pressure
Synthetic seismogram for correlation
with seismic data
92
TLD
LDS
HLDS
QLDT
Output
Bulk density, porosity, PEF, caliper
Bulk density, porosity, PEF
Logging speed
Standard: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

High resolution: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Standard: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h)


1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]

PEF: 0.9 to 10

PEF: 1 to 6
Bulk density: 2 to 3 g/cm3

PEF: 1 to 6

PEF: 1 to 6
Vertical resolution
Accuracy




5 in [12.70 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
Sensitive to barite
Sensitive to barite
Sensitive to barite
Sensitive to barite
Combinability
Part of Platform Express tool,

combinable with most tools
Part of SlimXtreme platform,

Spectral processing of formation

gamma ray measurement
HPHT
Spectral processing of formation
gamma ray measurement
HPHT
Slim wellbores
Short-radius wells
Tubing-conveyed logging
On tractor
At
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h] in nonbarite mud

values (depth of investigation depends on density)
Average
TLD
LDS
HLDS
QLDT
Temperature rating
302 degF [150 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
Pressure rating
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
6 in [15.24 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
4 in [11.43 cm]
3 in [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
22 in [55.88 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
18 in [45.72 cm]
9 in [22.86 cm]
Outside diameter
4.77 in [12.11 cm]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]
3.5 in [8.89 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
Length
12.26 ft [3.74 m]
11 ft [3.35 m]
12.58 ft [3.83 m]
14.7 ft [4.48 m]
Weight
314 lbm [142 kg]
292 lbm [132 kg]
402 lbm [182 kg]
253 lbm [115 kg]
Tension
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
50,000 lbm [222,410 N]
Compression
Without stiffener and locked

flex head: 4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
With stiffener and locked:
flex head: 8,000 lbf [35,590 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
17,000 lbf [75,620 N]
93
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance Logging
MR Scanner
Expert Magnetic Resonance Service
MR Scanner expert magnetic resonance service uses multifrequency
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
measurements in a gradient field
design to investigate multiple depths
of investigation in a single pass. The
measurement depths of the main
antenna, ranging from 1.5 to 4 in [3.81
to 10.16 cm], are maintained regardless of hole size, deviation, shape,
or temperature. The deep DOIs
beyond the zone of formation damagemake it easy to identify and
avoid data-quality problems associated with rugose boreholes, mudcake
thickness, and fluids invasion.
The measurement sequence of
MRScanner service produces a detailed
evaluation of the near-wellbore region:
oil and water saturation
total and effective porosity for the
determination of pore volume and
storage capacity
bulk volume irreducible water
for the determination of waterproduction rate
crude oil T distribution for the
2
determination of oil viscosity
and to assist in standard T2 log
interpretation
brine T distribution corrected for
2
hydrocarbon effects to improve
pore size analysis
hydrocarbon-corrected TimurCoates permeability for the
determination of producibility
T for use when T is not available
1
2
(e.g., logging vuggy porosity or
light hydrocarbons).
This detailed profile view of the

reservoir fluid contents is insensitive
to borehole condition and fluid salinity and independent of conventional
formation evaluation measurements,
such as resistivity and density logs. The
combination of MR Scanner services
diffusion-editing acquisition methods
and MRF* magnetic resonance fluid
characterization produces robust,
advanced fluid characterization,
especially in the challenging environments of low-resistivity, low-contrast
pay and hydrocarbon-bearing freshwater formations.
Applications
Radial profile of fluid volumes
and saturations
Direct hydrocarbon characterization, independent of formation
water resistivity and also achievable in low-resistivity, low-contrast
pay zones and thin beds
Formation evaluation, including
thin beds, regardless of borehole
rugosity or mudcake thickness
Thin-bed evaluation with highvertical-resolution measurements
Continuous logging of oil
viscosity for perforation and
completion optimization
Determination of fluid storage
volume based on lithologyindependent porosity
Residual oil saturation in waterbase muds and residual water
saturation in oil-base muds
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging
97
MR Scanner Service
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
From

Main
T1, T2, and diffusion distributions, lithology-independent total porosity,

bound- and free-fluid volumes, hydrocarbon-corrected permeability,
pore-size distribution
Bound-fluid logging: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Basic NMR profiling: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
T2 radial profiling: 900 ft/h [274 m/h]
High-resolution logging: 400 ft/h [122 m/h]
T1 radial profiling: 300 ft/h [91 m/h]
Saturation profiling: 250 ft/h [76 m/h]
Main antenna: 18 in [45.72 cm]
High-resolution antenna: 7.5 in [19.05 cm]
Total NMR porosity: 1-pu standard deviation, three-level averaging at 75 degF [24 degC]
NMR free-fluid porosity: 0.5-pu standard deviation, three-level averaging at 75 degF [24 degC]
Main antenna: 1.5, 2.3, 2.7, and 4.0 in [3.81, 5.84, 6.86, and 10.16 cm]
High-resolution antenna: 1.25 in [3.18 cm]
Mud resistivity: 0.05 ohm.m
Station logging for MRF characterization
Rugose boreholes and thick mudcake
measurement point 8.2 ft [2.5 m] above the bottom of the tool

antenna only; stacking may be required. Logs have been acquired in 0.02-ohm.m environments with minor loss of precision.
MR Scanner Service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
5.875 in [14.92 cm]

No limit
5 in [12.70 cm]
Cartridge: 4.75 in [12.07 cm]
32.7 ft [9.97 m]
1,200 lbm [544 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
7,900 lbf [35,140 N]
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
In
good borehole conditions
98
CMR-Plus
Combinable Magnetic Resonance Tool
The CMR-Plus* combinable magnetic resonance tool makes NMR
measurements of the buildup and
decay of the polarization of hydrogen nuclei (protons) in the liquids
contained in the pore space of rock
formations. One primary measurement of the CMR-Plus tool is the
total formation porosity. Borehole
NMR measurement is unaffected by
solid materials, so the measurement
is not sensitive to matrix type and
therefore lithology independent. The
total porosity can be partitioned into
the spectrum of pore sizes present,
which provides information on the
irreducible water saturation. Permeability can be estimated from the
free-fluid to bound-fluid ratio and the
shape of the pore-size distribution.
NMR measurement is also useful for
fluid identification because it is a
hydrogen index measurement, and
various fluids have different hydrogen
index values as well as polarization
characteristics. NMR data can be processed to yield formation fluid properties such as gas and oil saturation and
oil viscosity.
Applications
Lithology-independent porosity
forstorage quantification
Pore-size distribution for reservoir
rock quality
Bound- and free-fluid volume
indicators of reservoir
producibility
Identification of thin, permeable
beds in laminated reservoirs
Hydrocarbon identification,
especially in low-contrast, lowresistivity pay zones
Determination of hydrocarbon
pore volume for reserve
calculations
Improved irreducible water
saturation estimates for reducing
or eliminating water production
Comparison with neutron, density,
and data from the MDT modular
formation dynamics tester for
porosity, lithology, and fluid
determination
Critical information for setting
pipe, determining coring and
testing needs, and optimizing
completion and fracture programs
Integrated solutions of CMRPlus
tool logging and PowerSTIM*
well optimization service,
combining petrophysical expertise
and reservoir knowledge with
completion design, execution,
andevaluation
Salt-saturated muds, deviated and
horizontal holes, large (no limit)
and small (to 5 78-in [14.92-cm])
boreholes
Increased efficiency of formation
testing program in combination
with the MDT tester
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging
99
CMR-Plus Tool
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
Transverse relaxation time (T) distribution, total porosity, free- and bound-fluid volumes, permeability determined
with Schlumberger-Doll Research (SDR) and Timur-Coates equations, capillary bound porosity, small-pore bound
porosity, quality control curves and flags
MRF magnetic resonance fluid characterization station log: Saturation; oil, gas, and water volumes; oil viscosity;
water and oil T distributions; hydrocarbon-corrected permeability; oil and water log-mean T distributions
Bound-fluid mode: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Short time constant for the polarizing process (T) environment: 2,400 ft/h [731 m/h]
Long T environment: 800 ft/h [244 m/h]
Minimum echo spacing: 200 us
T distribution: 0.3 ms to 3.0 s
Nominal raw signal-to-noise ratio: 32 dB
Static: 6-in [15.24-cm] measurement aperture
Dynamic (high-resolution mode): 9-in [22.86-cm], three-level averaging
Dynamic (standard mode): 18-in [45.72-cm] vertical resolution, three-level averaging
Dynamic (fast mode): 30-in [76.20-cm] vertical resolution, three-level averaging
Total CMR porosity standard deviation: 1.0 pu at 75 degF [24 degC], three-level averaging
CMR free-fluid porosity standard deviation: 0.5 pu at 75 degF [24 degC], three-level averaging
Blind zone (2.5% point): 0.50 in [1.27 cm]
Median (50% point): 1.12 in [2.84 cm]
Maximum (95% point): 1.50 in [3.81 cm]
None
Station logging for MRF magnetic resonance fluid characterization method
CMR-Plus Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High-pressure version: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Without integral bow spring: 5 in [14.92 cm]
With integral bow spring: 7 in [20.00 cm]
No limit, but must be eccentered
Without bow spring: 5.3 in [13.46 cm]
With bow spring: 6.6 in [16.76 cm]
15.6 ft [4.75 m]
Without bow spring: 374 lbm [170 kg]
With bow spring: 413 lbm [187 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
100
Acoustic Logging
Sonic Scanner
Acoustic Scanning Platform
The Sonic Scanner acoustic scanning
platform provides a true 3D representation of the formations surrounding the borehole by scanning both
orthogonally and radially. The latest
acoustic technology is used to acquire
borehole-compensated monopole with
long and short spacings, cross-dipole,
and cement bond quality measurements. In addition to making axial
and azimuthal measurements, the
fully characterized tool radially measures the formation for both nearwellbore and far-field slowness. The
typical depths of investigation are 2 to
3 times the borehole diameter.
The wide frequency spectrum used
by the Sonic Scanner platform captures
data at a high signal-to-noise ratio,
regardless of the formation slowness,
and eliminates the need for multiple
logging passes. The combination of a
longer azimuthal array than on conventional acoustic tools13 stations
with 8 azimuthal receivers eachand
multiple transmitter-receiver spacings
enables the measurement of a radial
monopole profile across the near-wellbore altered zone.
A 3D anisotropy algorithm is used
to transform compressional, fast- and
slow-shear, and Stoneley slowness measurements made by the Sonic Scanner
platform with respect to the borehole
axes to referenced anisotropic moduli.
The formation can then be classified
as isotropic or anisotropic, along with
determining the type and cause of the
anisotropyintrinsic or stress induced
from the drilling process.
The Sonic Scanner platform also

provides a discriminated cement
bond log (DCBL), which is obtained
simultaneously with the behind-casing
acoustic measurements. The 3- and 5-ft
[0.91- and 1.52-m] bond logs and bond
quality measurements are independent
of fluid and temperature effects and
do not require calibration. Additional
Sonic Scanner platform capabilities
are imaging with greatly improved
resolution in comparison with surface
seismic and using Stoneley waves for
a quick estimation of permeability and
to build a continuous mobility profile in
sands and carbonates.
Applications
Identify formation heterogeneity
through anisotropy detection
Improve 3D seismic analysis
and seismic tie-ins
Provide input to fluid substitution
Evaluate well placement
and stability through stress
regime identification and
pore pressure determination
Characterize the reservoir
for gas zones, mobility, and
open fractures
Guide selective perforating
for sand control
Optimize hydraulic fracturing
Evaluate cement bond quality
Acoustic Logging
103
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Compressional and shear t, full waveforms, cement bond quality waveforms, anisotropy characterization
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Standard shear slowness: <1,500 us/ft [<4,920 us/m]
<6 ft [<1.82 m] processing resolution for 6-in [15.24-cm] sampling rate
t for up to 14-in [35.56-cm] hole size: 2 us/ft [6.56 us/m] or 2%
t for >14-in [>35.56-cm] hole size: 5 us/ft [16.40 us/m] or 5%
Typical presentation of up to 7 borehole radii
None
Fully combinable with other tools
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
41.28 ft [12.58 m] (including isolation joint)
Basic toolstring (near monopoles only): 22 ft [6.71 m]
844 lbm [383 kg] (including isolation joint)
Basic toolstring: 413 lbm [187 kg]
35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
3,000 lbf [13,340 N]
104
ThruBit Dipole
Through-the-Bit Acoustic Service
The uniquely conveyed ThruBitDipole*
through-the-bit acoustic service provides a detailed acoustic representation of the formations surrounding the
borehole for horizontal or difficultto-access wells. The latest acoustic
technology is used to acquire boreholecompensated monopole, cross-dipole,
and Stoneley wave measurements.
ThruBit Dipole services receiver
section has an array of 12 receiver
stations spaced 4 in [10.16cm] apart.
The receiver array is 70.2 in [1.78m]
from the monopole transmitter
and 78 in [1.98 m] from the dipole
transmitters. Each receiver station
consists of two pairs of wideband
piezoelectric hydrophones aligned
with the dipole transmitters. Summing
the signals recorded by one pair of
hydrophones provides the monopole
waveform, whereas finding the
difference between them cancels the
monopole signal and provides the dipole
waveform. When a dipole transmitter is
fired, the hydrophone pair diagonally in
line with the transmitter is used. Four
sets of 12 waveforms can be acquired
from the four basic operating modes
fired in sequence.
The transmitter section houses two
sets of transmitters and a mechanical
isolation assembly to prevent direct
flexural wave transmission through the
tool body of ThruBit Dipole service. A
piezoelectric monopole transmitter is
fired at standard frequency or a specific
low-frequency pulse for Stoneley
wave acquisition. The two collocated,
perpendicular, piezoceramic bender
element dipole transmitters fire a
wideband frequency spectrum to
capture dipole data at a high signal-tonoise ratio.
A 3D anisotropy algorithm is
used to transform compressional,
fast- and slow-shear, and Stoneley
slowness measurements with respect
to the borehole axes to referenced
anisotropic moduli. The formation
can then be classified as isotropic or
anisotropic, along with determining
the type and cause of the anisotropy
intrinsic or stress induced from the
drilling process.
Applications
Geophysics
Velocity calibration, time-depth
conversion
Improved 3D seismic analysis
and seismic tie-ins
Synthetic seismograms
Identifcation of formation
heterogeneity through
anisotropy detection
Petrophysics
Porosity estimation
Lithology and clay identification
Gas identification
Stoneley wave measurement
Fracture evaluation
Permeability (mobility)
Geomechanics
Well placement and stability
evaluation based on stress
regime identification and pore
pressure determination
Optimized hydraulic fracturing
Guidance for selective
perforating for sand control
Acoustic Logging
105
ThruBit Dipole Service
Compressional and shear t, full waveforms,
anisotropy characterization
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Standard shear slowness: <200 us/ft [<656 us/m]
<44-in [<1.12-m] processing resolution
for 6-in [15.24cm] sampling rate
t for <8-in [22.22-cm] hole size:
2 us/ft [6.6us/m] or 2%
t: 3 in [7.62 cm]
None
Fully combinable with ThruBit services logging strings
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Limited availability, contact your Schlumberger representative.
ThruBit Dipole Service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Casing OD range
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
5.75 in [14.60 cm]
8.75 in [22.22 cm]
4 to 5 in [11.43 to 13.97 cm]
2.125 in [5.4 cm]
29.11 ft [8.87 m]
132 lbm [60 kg]
25,000 lbf [111,210 N]
106
DSI
Dipole Shear Sonic Imager
The DSI dipole shear sonic imager
combines monopole and dipole sonic
acquisition capabilities. The transmitter section contains a piezoelectric monopole transmitter and two
electrodynamic dipole transmitters
perpendicular to each other. An
electric pulse at sonic frequencies is
applied to the monopole transmitter
to excite compressional- and shearwave propagation in the formation.
For Stoneley wave acquisition a specific low-frequency pulse is used. The
dipole transmitters are also driven at
low frequency to excite the flexural
wave around the borehole and obtain
borehole shear measurements in both
soft- and hard-rock formations.
The tool is made up of three sectionsacquisition cartridge, receiver
section, and transmitter section. An
isolation joint is placed between the
transmitter and receiver sections to
prevent direct flexural wave transmission through the tool body.
The receiver section has an array
of eight receiver stations spaced 6 in
[15.24 cm] apart and 9 ft [2.74 m]
from the monopole transmitter, 11 ft
[3.35 m] from the upper dipole transmitter, and 11.5 ft [3.50 m] from
the lower dipole transmitter. Each
receiver station consists of two pairs
of wideband-piezoelectric hydrophones
aligned with the dipole transmitters.
Summing the signals recorded by one
pair of hydrophones provides the monopole waveform, whereas differentiating them cancels the monopole signal
and provides the dipole waveform.
When adipole transmitter is fired, the
hydrophone pair diagonally in line with
the transmitter is used. Four sets of
eight waveforms can be acquired from
the four basic operating modes fired
insequence.
A special dipole mode enables
recording both the inline and cross
line (perpendicular) waveforms for
each dipole mode. This mode, called
both cross receivers (BCR), is used for
anisotropy evaluation.
The optional S-DSI modification
to the DSI imager uses a special slow
sleeve to extend the slowness measurement to 1,200 us/ft [3,937us/m] from
the standard 700 us/ft [2,296us/m].
As part of the suite of ABC analysis
behind casing services, the DSI
imager can also provide accurate
compressional and shear slowness
measurements through casing by
using recently developed acquisition
strategies and BestDT automated
sonic waveform processing.
Isolation joint
Transmitter
Receiver section
and cartridge
Acoustic Logging
107
Applications
Geophysics
Velocity calibration, time/depth
conversion
Synthetic seismograms
Amplitude variation with offset
(AVO) calibration
Shear seismic interpretation
Anisotropy
Petrophysics
Porosity estimation (also in
cased hole)
Lithology and clay identification
Gas identification
Stoneley wave measurement
Fracture evaluation
Permeability (mobility)
Geomechanics
Pore pressure
Wellbore stability
Fracture design
Sand strength
Sonic imaging
Sonic imaging with borehole acous
tic reflection survey (BARS)
Very long spacing tool
(using spacers)
Reflection analysis
Highly dipping beds
Horizontal wells
(apparent dip > 45)
Well placement with respect
to cap rock
DSI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Compressional and shear t, waveforms,

Variable Density log waveforms
Max.: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Standard shear slowness: 700 us/ft [2,297 us/m]
S-DSI max. slowness: 1,200 us/ft [3,937 us/m]
Max. slowness in casing:
250 to 350 us/ft [820 to 1,148 us/m]
3.5-ft [1.07-m] processing resolution
for 6-in [15.24-cm] sampling rate
t: 2 us/ft [6.56 us/m]
9 in [22.86 cm]
None
Fully combinable with other tools
Actual acquisition speed depends on the number of acquisition modes used and the data sampling rate.
DSI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Casing OD range
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
5 to 20 in [13.97 to 50.80 cm]
3 in [9.21 cm]
51 ft [15.54 m] (including isolation joint)
900 lbm [408 kg]
5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
3,500 lbf [15,570 N]
1,550 lbf [6,890 N]
S-DSI: 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
108
Monopole Acoustic Tools

Acoustic, or sonic, tools provide a
measurement of the formation integral travel time (t) in a variety of
environments. Acoustic logs recognize
secondary, or vugular, porosity in hardrock sediments. Acoustic tools can be
run in conjunction with density and
compensated neutron tools in bad
borehole conditions to measure porosity, and this third porosity is also used
to identify complex lithology. Certain
sonic tools can measure shear t in
very slow formations.
Digital Sonic Logging Tool

The Digital Sonic Logging Tool (DSLT)
is made up with a Sonic Logging Sonde
(SLS) and the Digital Sonic Logging
Cartridge (DSLC), which uses the digital telemetry system, to provide either
compressional t measurements or
cement bond log (CBL) and Variable
Density log (VDL) measurements
and digital waveform recording and
display. The conventional sonic measurements are borehole-compensated
(BHC) (3 to 5ft [0.91- to 1.52-m])
transit time and long-spacing depthderived BHC (DDBHC) (8- to 12-ft
[2.43- to 3.65m]) transit time. These
measurements are made by combining an HSLS-W or HSLS-Z sonde,
respectively, with the DSLC. For highpressure and high-temperature appli
cations, the same measurements are
available from the Hostile Environ
ment Sonic Logging Tool (HSLT).
SlimXtreme Sonic
LoggingTool
The SlimXtreme slimhole, HPHT well
logging platform addresses the growth
and challenges of HPHT drilling
activity. The monopole SlimXtreme
Sonic Logging Tool (QSLT) delivers a
robust formation slowness using firstmotion detection, borehole compensation, and slowness-time-coherence
(STC) semblance techniques. A 6-in
[15.24cm] high-resolution measurement identifies thin-bed slowness. A
tool extension provides a long-spacing
sonic measurement in unconsolidated
formations. Measure
ment of CBL
amplitudes and VDL waveforms is
supported in cased wells.
Applications
Formation porosity from
compressional slowness
Shear slowness from STC for
hardrocks
Formation mechanical properties
from shear slowness
Correlation to surface seismic data
with synthetic seismograms
Well placement with respect
tocap rock
Sonic waveforms for fracture
identification
CBL and VDL for cased hole
cement evaluation
DSLT
Acoustic Logging
QSLT-A
109
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Compressional t
Shear t
Cement bond log
Accuracy
Combinability
DSLT and HSLT with BHC or DDBHC Sonde
QSLT
All sondes: Compressional t

SLS-C, SLS-D, and SLS-E:
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL, Variable Density log waveforms
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
40 to 200 us/ft [131 to 656 us/m]
Compressional and shear t, porosity, waveforms

and Variable Density log waveforms
2 ft [0.61 m]
Standard: 2 ft [0.61 m]
Short spacing: 6 in [15.24 cm]
2 ft [0.61 m]
SLS-F 8 to 10 ft [2.43 to 3.05 m] or 10 to 12 ft

[3.05 to 3.66 m]: 2 ft [0.61 m]
Amplitude: 3 ft [0.91 m]
Variable Density log: 5 ft [1.52 m]
t: 2 us/ft [6.6 us/m]
3 in [7.62 cm]
None
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]

40 to 400 us/ft [131 to 1,312 us/m]
Amplitude: 3 ft [0.91 m]
Variable Density log: 5 ft [1.52 m]
t: 2 us/ft [6.6 us/m]
3 in [7.62 cm]
None
Run on wireline, drillpipe conveyed, or
coiled tubing conveyed
DSLT
HSLT
QSLT
Temperature rating
302 degF [150 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
20,000 psi [138 MPa]

4 in [11.75 cm]
18 in [45.72 cm]
3 in [9.21 cm]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]

4 in [12.07 cm]
18 in [45.72 cm]
3 in [9.84 cm]
30,000 psi [207 MPa]

4 in [10.16 cm]
8 in [20.32 cm]
3 in [7.62 cm]
Length
SLS-D: 18.73 ft [5.71 m]

SLS-F: 23.81 ft [7.26 m]
With HSLS-W sonde:

25.5 ft [7.77 m]
Weight
SLS-D: 273 lbm [124 kg]

SLS-F: 353 lbm [160 kg]
29,700 lbf [132,110 N]
1,650 lbf [7,340 N]
With HSLS-W sonde:

440 lbm [199 kg]
29,700 lbf [132,110 N]
With HSLS-W sonde:
2,870 lbf [12,770 N]
With HSLS-Z sonde:
1,650 lbf [7,340 N]
23 ft [7.01 m]
With inline centralizer:
29.9 ft [9.11 m]
270 lbm [122 kg]
Tension
Compression
110
13,000 lbf [57,830 N]

4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
Dipmeter and
Imaging Services
Quanta Geo
Photorealistic Reservoir Geology Service
Quanta Geo photorealistic reservoir
geology service redefines imaging
in oil-base mud (OBM) with new
measurement physics enabled by a
simplified electrode geometry and
innovative mechanical design to
deliver superb resolution and nearly
total circumferential coverage in
8-in boreholes. The resulting microresistivity images are a true visual
representation of the formation geology, unaffected by the characteristic
nonrepresentative artifacts, incomplete coverage, and low resolution
of images from conventional OBMadapted imagers.
The innovative sonde significantly
improves image resolution and clarity
by measuring the applied AC current
at each of 192 microelectrodes distributed among 8 pads for greatly heightened sensitivity to both vertical and
lateral features. Because QuantaGeo
service independently applies each
pad to the borehole wall instead of
using the pad arms as centralizers,
inconsistent pad application is minimized in inclined wells and poor hole
conditions and Quanta Geo service
can acquire primary data during the
tools descent. Downlogging reduces
the frequency and severity of stickand-slip events and their effects on
image quality while efficiently providing comprehensive information early
in the logging program to save rig time
and additional runs.
Image interpretation is fully powered

by the Techlog* wellbore software
platform. The wide range of applications
enables geologists to readily perform
tasks such as distinguishing channels
and measuring their orientation. New
2D and 3D visualization methods fill
in gaps to provide 360 coverage in
larger boreholes and generate virtual
core slab images. Workflow results from
processing with the Techlog platform
are ready to use in the Petrel E&P
software platform to refine models and
support informed decision making.
Applications
High-resolution imaging in boreholes with nonconductive fluids
and OBM
deviated and horizontal wells
irregular and rugose boreholes
Sedimentology and sequence
stratigraphy
Structural and geomechanical
analysis and modeling
Thin-bed detection and evaluation
Complement to coring and
formation tester programs
Dipmeter and Imaging Services
113
Quanta Geo Service
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Formation images and dip

0.2-in sampling: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0.1-in sampling: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Sampling rate: 0.1 in [0.25 cm]
Borehole coverage: 98% in 8-in [20.32-cm] borehole
Formation resistivity: 0.220,000 ohm.m
Vertical resolution: 0.24 in [6 mm]
Horizontal resolution: 0.13 in [3 mm]
Deviation: 0.2
Azimuth: 2
0.2 in [5 mm]
Nonconductive mud systems such as oil-base mud
Fully combinable, top and bottom
Downlogging and uplogging
Horizontal wells
Quanta Geo Service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

Standard: 25,000 psi [173 MPa]
High pressure: 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
7.5 in [19.05 cm]
17 in [43.18 cm]
Tool: 4.5 in [11.43 cm]
Arms section: 6.5 in [16.51 cm]
31.2 ft [9.5 m]
696 lbm [316 kg]
27,000 lbf [122,300 N]
11,000 lbf [48,900 N]
114
Quanta Geo Engines

Quanta Geo
Z90 Filter
Quanta Geo
Wizard
Discovery
360
Quanta Geo
Virtual Core
Quanta Geo
Virtual Slab
Quanta Geo
Inversion
Sedimentology
& Stratigraphy
Rock
Type
Sand
Count
Porosity
Analysis
Im(Z)
Re(Z)
m
Zm
Zb
Next >
Zf
Z90
Techlog
wellbore
software
program
Quanta Geo Interpretation

Wellbore
Geomechanics
Stress
orientation
Fracture
Analysis
Orientation
Failure
conditions
Density
Reservoir
Geomechanics
Fracture
Modeling
Structural
Analysis
Faults
Surfaces
Depositional
architecture
Structural dip
3rd & 4th order

sequences
eXpandBG*
Near-Well Model
Facies
Modeling
Rock
type
Net
to gross
Porosity
heterogeneity
Sidewall
Coring Advisor
Optimal
sampling
Core-log
depth tie
Hard data
Reservoir
model
ready
Mangrove*
UFN modeling
Petrophysical
Modeling
Structural
Modeling
Visualization and interpretation of Quanta Geo services images are performed using apps in the Techlog wellbore software
platform to produce hard data that improves the accuracy of reservoir models in the Petrel E&P software platform.
115
FMI-HD
High-Definition Formation Microimager
The FMI-HD* high-definition formation microimager takes high-definition
imaging to a new level of clarity. The
visibility and interpretability of small
features is significantly increased for
all environmental conditionseven
across extreme variations in formation resistivity or resistivity anisotropy between the formation and mud
(Rt /Rm). This means that environments that cannot be clearly imaged
with conventional microresistivity
imaging technology can now be seen
in great detail, including wells drilled
with salt-saturated muds or highresistivity reservoirs.
The FMI-HD high-definition
formation microimager builds on the
well-proven microresistivity imaging
design of the industry-standard FMI
fullbore formation microimager.
Completely new electronics provide
a step-improvement in operating
range, reliability, and image quality.
Enhanced parallel signal processing
and high-resolution analog-to-digital
conversion improve the tools signal-tonoise ratio to increase the sensitivity to
fine contrasts in formation resistivity.
The result is an increase in image
definition by a factor of four.
The microresistivity image of
the borehole wall is created from
the current measured by the tools
array of 192 buttons on four pads.
Microresistivity changes related to
lithologic and petrophysical variations in the rock, which are conveyed mainly by the high-resolution
current component, are interpreted
on the image in terms of rock texture,
stratigraphic and structural features
including dip, and fractures.
Automatic signal processing
optimization of the FMI-HD microimager eliminates manual setting of
the tool parameters. Wellsite operations are streamlined as the entire
dynamic range of formation resistivity
is imaged in one run. Even in environments with Rt /Rm ratios as high as

200,000:1, the FMI-HD microimager
obtains clear, representative images of
the formation geology.
Applications
Structural analysis and modeling
3D near-wellbore and interwell
structural modeling
Structural cross sections
Detection and determination of
faults, folds, and unconformities
True, accurate structural dip
inalmost any formation
Naturally fractured reservoir
characterization and modeling
Discrete fracture network
(DFN) modeling
Direct visual quantification of
fracture orientation and density
Quantification of fracture
aperture and fracture porosity
Secondary porosity evaluation in
carbonate and igneous reservoirs
Quantification of matrix and
vuggy fractions of porosity
Partitioning of isolated,
connected, and fractureconnected vuggy porosity
Direct visual identification
ofmacroporosity and
nonporous nodules
Estimation of permeability
and variable cementation
exponent m
Thin-bed detection and evaluation
Layer delineation for highresolution deterministic
petrophysical evaluation
Fast quantification of interval
net-to-gross ratio and net pay
Direct visualization of beds
down to millimeter scale
116
Reservoir characterization workflow

Direct visual or automatic
textural classification of facies
and rock types
Realistic population of
reservoir bodies with
petrophysical parameters
Recognition of anisotropy,
permeability barriers, and
permeability paths
Sedimentology and sequence
stratigraphy
Deterministic or stochastic
modeling of reservoir bodies
Definition and characterization
of sedimentary bodies and their
boundaries
Qualitative vertical profiles of

grain size and stacking pattern
Paleocurrent directions
Geomechanics
Determination of principal
stress directions
Calibration of mechanical earth
model (MEM)
Mud weight selection
Complement to coring and formation
tester programs
Depth matching and orientation
for whole cores
Reservoir description for
intervals not cored
Information about the reservoir

before core analysis is available
Depth matching for sidewall
core samples and wireline
formation testers
FMI-HD Microimager
Output
Logging speed
Formation images and dip

Image mode: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Dipmeter mode: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Horizontal resolution: 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
Vertical resolution: 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
Deviation: 0.2
Azimuth: 2
High-frequency component (image details): 0.39 in [1 cm]
Low-frequency component (for calibration to resistivity logs): 30 in [76.2 cm]
Water-base mud (max. mud resistivity = 50 ohm.m)
Oil-base mud under specific conditions
Bottom-only tool, combinable with most tools
Horizontal wells
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Mud type of weight limitations
Combinability
For oil-base mud, contact your Schlumberger representative.
FMI-HD Microimager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.87 cm]
5 in [14.92 cm] in good hole conditions using a kit
21 in [53.34 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
25.43 ft [7.75 m]
443 lbm [201 kg]
12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
8,000 lbf [35,580 N]
117
FMI
Fullbore Formation Microimager
The FMI fullbore formation micro
imager provides an electrical
borehole image generated from up to
192 microresistivity measurements.
Special focusing circuitry ensures
that the measuring currents are
forced into the formation, where
they modulate in amplitude with the
formation conductivities to produce
low-frequency signals rich in petro
physical and lithological information
and a high-resolution component that
provides the microscale information
used for imaging and dip interpretation.
Image calibration is achieved through
calibration with low-frequency, deeper
resistivity measurements available
from the tool signal or input from other
resistivity measurements, such as from
the AIT array induction imager tool
or ARI azimuthal resistivity imager.
Image normalization further increases
the completeness and reliability of
this versatile tool for geological and
reservoir characterization.
The combination of measuring

button diameter, pad design, and highspeed telemetry system produces a
vertical and azimuthal resolution of
0.2 in [0.51 cm] for the FMI imager.
This means that the dimensions of
a feature larger than 0.2 in can be
estimated from the image. The size
of features smaller than 0.2 in is
estimated by quantifying the current
flow to the electrode. Fine details such
as 0.002in [0.051-mm] wide fractures
filled with conductive fluids are visible
in images from the FMI imager.
The answers provided by the FMI
imager help in understanding the
reservoir structure, identify and
evaluate sedimentary features and
fractures, visualize rock texture, and
complement coring programs. FMI
imager data are increasingly used
for geomechanical analysis of the
reservoir. Drilling-induced features
such as breakouts are readily
identified. In combination with stress
field analysis, FMI imager information
is used to control wellbore stability
problems by guiding design of the
mud program.
118
Applications
Rock texture
Qualitative vertical grain-size
profile
Determination of carbonate
texture
Detection and evaluation
ofsecondary porosity
Detection and evaluation
offracture systems
Complement to coring and formation
tester programs
Depth matching and orientation
for whole cores
Reservoir description for intervals
not cored
Information about the reservoir
before core analysis is available
Depth matching for sidewall core
samples and MDT tester settings
Structural geology
Structural dips, even in fractured
and conglomeratic formations
Detection and determination
of faults
Sedimentary features
Determination of sedimentary
dips
Paleocurrent directions
Definition and characterization
of sedimentary bodies and their
boundaries
Recognition of anisotropy,
permeability barriers, and
permeability paths
Recognition and evaluation
ofthinly bedded reservoirs
Geomechanics
Identification and analysis
ofdrilling-induced features
Calibration data for mechanical
earth model (MEM)
Reservoir characterization workflow
Deterministic modeling
ofreservoir bodies
Guidance for the distribution
ofstochastically modeled
reservoir bodies
Realistic population of reservoir
bodies with petrophysical
parameters
FMI Microimager
Output
Logging speed
Formation dip, borehole images

Image mode: 1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Dipmeter mode: 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Spatial resolution: 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
Vertical resolution: 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
Deviation: 0.2
Azimuth: 2
1 in [2.54 cm]
Water-base mud (max. mud resistivity = 50 ohm.m)
Horizontal wells
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
FMI Microimager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.87 cm]
21 in [53.34 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
24.42 ft [7.44 m]
433.7 lbm [197 kg]
12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
8,000 lbf [35,580 N]
5 in [14.92 cm] in good hole conditions using a kit
119
UBI
Ultrasonic Borehole Imager
The UBI* ultrasonic borehole imager
produces high-resolution acoustic
images of the wellbore in water-base
or oil-base mud. The images are used
to identify dipping beds, fractures,
and other features intersecting the
borehole. Critical information on
borehole stability and breakouts can
be derived from the accurate borehole
cross section measured by the tool.
The UBI imager has a transducer
that is mounted on an Ultrasonic
Rotating Sub (USRS). The transducer
emits ultrasonic pulses and measures
the transit time and amplitude of
the resulting echo. The transducer
assembly is available in a variety of
sizes to match the complete range of
normal openhole sizes. The transducer
subassembly is also selected to
optimize the distance traveled by the
ultrasonic pulse in the borehole fluid,
which reduces attenuation in heavy
fluids and maintains a good signal-tonoise ratio.
The UBI tool is relatively insensitive to eccentralizationup to
0.25in [0.63cm]and provides clean
images that are easy to interpret, even
in highly deviated wells. Processing

software available both in MaxWell
integrated field acquisition software
and at Data Services Hubs further
enhances the images by correcting
amplitude and transit-time information for the effects of logging speed
variations and tool eccentering and by
applying noise filtering. The images
are oriented with inclinometer data
from the combinable GPIT general
purpose inclinometry tool and then
enhanced by dynamic normalization
for easy visual interpretation.
Applications
Fracture identification including
drilling-induced fractures
Differentiation of closed and open
fractures (in combination with the
OBMI* oil-base microimager)
Borehole profiling and calculation
of cement volume
Stress analysis and borehole
stability studies
Structural and bedding analysis
Interchangeable
rotating subs
120
UBI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Borehole images, amplitude, and transit time in analog

and digital imagery
425 to 2,125 ft/h [130 to 648 m/h]
(depends on desired resolution)
4 to 12 in [12.38 to 32.70 cm]
0.2 in [0.51 cm] at 500 kHz
0.4 in [1.02 cm] at 250 kHz
0.6 in [1.52 cm] at 250 kHz
1.0 in [2.54 cm] at 250 kHz
Azimuthal sampling: 2.0 or 2.6
Borehole radius: 0.12 in [3 mm] (absolute)
Resolution: 0.003 in [0.075 mm] at 500 kHz
Borehole wall
High mud weights (>15 ppg) can cause significant
signal attenuation
HS service
UBI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.38 cm]
12 in [32.70 cm]
Without sub: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]
21 ft [6.40 m]
377.6 lbm [171 kg] (with 7-in [17.78-cm] USRS-B sub)
40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
11,000 lbf [48,930 N]
121
OBMI
Oil-Base Microimager
The OBMI oil-base microimager
extends microresistivity imaging to
the environment of nonconductive,
invert-emulsion mud systems. The
increasing use of oil- and syntheticbase mud systems to limit drilling
risks and improve efficiency poses
many challenges for formation
imaging. Even a thin film of
nonconductive mud is essentially
an opaque curtain, preventing
conventional microresistivity imagers
from measuring the formation. The
presence of nonconductive mudcake
or mud filtrate further complicates
the situation. The OBMI imager meets
these challenges by integrating unique
technology with simple resistivity
logging principles to produce an image
that enables virtual visualization of
the reservoir.
The short-normal resistivity principle employed is inherently quantitative and does not require calibration
with another log. Petrophysicists
frequently use the Rxo measurement
from the OBMI imager to discriminate sand and shale beds as thin as
1.2 in [3.05cm]. Geologists use OBMI
imager logging to recognize bedding
and other sedimentary features as
small as 0.4in [1.02cm], the tool measurement aperture. Open and closed
fractures smaller than 0.4 in have also
been successfully imaged.
The OBMI2* integrated dual oil-base
microimagers use two OBMI sondes at
a 45 offset to double the hole coverage.
High-pressure, high-temperature
and slimhole versions of the OBMI
imager are available on a limited basis.
Applications
Structural analysis
Structural dip determination
Fracture and fault detection
Stratigraphic analysis
Characterization of
sedimentary deposits
Stratigraphic dip determination
Thin-bed detection
Core analysis
Depth matching
Orientation
Missed interval coverage
Compartmentalization and
permeability analyses
High-resolution net pay count
Sample and formation test
positioning
Detection of drilling-induced
features
Detection and measurement
of features too small for
conventional logs
Detection of anisotropic features
Differentiation of structural
and stratigraphic features
Flexibility in choosing mud
systems
Quantitative measurement
of invaded zone resistivity
122
OBMI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
High-resolution, oriented formation images, dual-axis caliper

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
32% coverage in 8-in [20.32-cm] borehole
0.4-in [1.02-cm] nominal image resolution
1.2-in [3.05-cm] petrophysical resolution
20%
3.5 in [8.89 cm]
Operates in any oil-, diesel-, or synthetic-base mud
Top and bottom combinable
Slim OBMI and OBMI2 imagers: bottom-only
Wireline or TLC tough logging conditions system
OBMI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
320 degF [160 degC]

350 degF [177 degC]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
25,000 psi [173 MPa]
Standard: 7 in [17.78 cm]
Slim OBMT-E: 6 in [15.24 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
Standard: 5.75 in [14.60 cm]
Slim OBMT-E: 5.25 in [13.33 cm]
17 ft [5.18 m]
310 lbm [137 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Standard: 10,000 lbf [44,482 N]
Slim OBMT-E: 8,000 lbf [35,590 N]
Limited availability
123
Drilling and
Directional
Services
GPIT
General Purpose Inclinometry Tool
The GPIT general purpose inclinometry tool provides inclinometer measurements. Tool orientation is defined
by three parameters: tool deviation,
tool azimuth, and relative bearing.
The GPIT tool uses both a three-axis
inclinometer and a three-axis magnetometer to make measurements for
determining these parameters.
The basic principle of downhole
inclinometer measurements is to
accurately define the tool system axis
with respect to the Earths gravity
(G) and magnetic field (F). Because
both vectors are well defined within
the Earth system, a relation can be
established between the tool and
Earth systems. The magnetometer
determines Fx, Fy, and Fz, and the
inclinometer determines Ax, A y, and
A z for the acceleration due to G.
MaxWell integrated field acquisition
software computes deviation, azimuth,
and relative bearing from these values.
When the GPIT tool is used in an
open wellbore, the tools above and
below it must have nonmagnetic
housings. In cased hole the tool can
be used only for deviation and relativebearing measurements.
Applications

Borehole azimuth
Borehole deviation
Borehole relative bearing
Tool azimuth information
Deviation and direction of uncased
wellbores for plotting
Direction and orientation measure
ments for various dipmeters
Orientation of USI* ultrasonic
imager tool images with respect
to the wellbore
Drilling and Directional Services
127
GPIT Tool
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Borehole azimuth, deviation and relative bearing,

toolazimuth
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0 to 360
6 in [15.24 cm]
Azimuth: 2 (for deviation between 5 and 175)
Deviation: 0.2
Not applicable
None
Combinable with most services, anywhere in the
logging string (tools immediately above and below
musthave nonmagnetic housings)
HS service
GPIT Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.75 cm]
No limit
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
4 ft [1.22 m]
55 lbm [25 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
16,700 lbf [74,280 N]
128
Seismic Imaging
Tools and Services
Q-Borehole
IntegratedBorehole Seismic System
The Q-Borehole* integrated borehole
seismic system optimizes all aspects
of borehole seismic services, during
wireline operations and while drilling.
VSI versatile seismicimager

The VSI* versatile seismic imager uses
Q-Technology* point-receiver seismic
hardware and software and advanced
wireline telemetry for efficient data
delivery from the borehole to the surface. Each sensor package delivers
high-fidelity wavefields through the use
of three-axis geophone accelerometers,
which are acoustically isolated from
the main body of the tool. The number
of sensors, intersensor spacing, connection type (either stiff or flexible),
and tool diameter are field configurable to ensure the maximum versatility
of the array. The design focus of the
VSI imager on data fidelity and quick
adaptation to changing survey needs
avoids the compromise in data quality
that typically results from efficiency
limitations. The result is sharper, more
accurate images and reduced operating
logistics, which are fundamental elements for achieving complex surveys in
a cost-effective manner and with timely
delivery of answer products.
The operating efficiency of the VSI

imager is enhanced by
rapid mechanical deployment
very little time between stations
short shot-cycle time during
remote source surveys (walkaway,
offsetVSP)
real-time quality control and data
processing.
Applications
Integrated processing for
interpretation of borehole
andsurface seismic data
Images for reservoir definition
Images ahead of the bit
3D VSPs
Pore pressure predictions
Planning for well placement
Simultaneous surface and borehole seismic recording for highdefinition images
Shear wave processing and analysis
Microseismic monitoring during
hydraulic fracturing
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services
131
VSI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Array capability
Sensor package
Length
Weight
Sensor
Sensitivity
Sensor natural frequency
Dynamic range
Distortion
Digitization
Combinability
Seismic waveform produced by acoustic

reflections from bed boundaries
Stationary
Seismic waveform recording: 0.5-, 1-, 2-, or 4-ms
output sampling rate
Up to 40 shuttles
11.4 in [28.96 cm]
6.4 lbm [2.9 kg]
Geophone accelerometer (GAC-D)
>0.5 V/g 5%
25 Hz
Flat bandwidth in acceleration: 2 to 200 Hz
>105 dB at 36-dB gain
<90 dB
24-bit analog-to-digital converter
Bottom-only combinable
Conveyance on wireline, TLC system, or tractor
Through drillpipe
VSI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Coupling
Anchoring force
Sensor package coupling force

Coupling force/sensor weight ratio
350 degF [177 degC]

3 in [7.62 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
Slim: 2 in [6.35 cm]
Up to 1,040 ft [317 m] for 20 shuttles
Up to 2,200 lbm [998 kg]
18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
Standard: 5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
With stiffener: 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
246 lbf [1,170 N] in 3-in [7.62-cm] hole
214 lbf [915 N] in 6-in [15.24-cm] hole
255 lbf [1,130 N] in 12-in [31.75-cm] hole
160 lbf [951 N] in 17-in [43.18-cm] hole
64 lbf [285 N]
10:1
132
SWINGS seismic
navigation and
positioning system
The SWINGS* seismic navigation and
positioning system is used to accurately
deploy seismic source equipment and
control source vessel position. It is compatible with the integrated Q-Borehole
seismic system. SWINGS system capabilities include borehole seismic configurations encompassing complex 3D
VSP geometries and seismic measurement while drilling to optimize borehole
seismic operations while providing a
consistently high level of service quality.
The SWINGS system continually
relays source position, fix quality, and
other data to the rigside logging unit,
where they are displayed graphically.
The submeter accuracy of the global
positioning system (GPS) provides
source determination within 10 to 16ft
[3 to 5 m]. The source position is passed
to MaxWell integrated field acquisition
software at every shot for immediate
recording with the seismic trace headers
to eliminate any delay in merging
navigation and seismic data.
Specifications of this portable and

robust system include
twin internal 12-channel GPS
receivers
pressure transducer interface
forgun pressure monitoring
ultrahigh-frequency (UHF)
telemetry link
dedicated display at the helm.
Application
Accurate source deployment
and positioning for all borehole
seismicsurveys
133
TRISOR acoustic
sourcecontrol element
The TRISOR* acoustic source control
element for the integrated borehole
seismic system was developed from the
industry-leading WesternGeco TRISOR
marine seismic source controller to
provide the same stable, noise-free digital signatures with advanced source
control and quality control (QC).
TRISOR control delivers the clean, consistent signals necessary for advanced
borehole seismic applications, and the
consistent signals also enable fast autotuning for more efficient operations
and more powerful source strength.
In-sea electronics control each gun
and are connected by a ruggedized ethernet cable for digital communication
with the surface acquisition system
of the VSI imager. This configuration
avoids the corruption that may occur to
TRISOR Acoustic Source Control Element
Gun time break (TB) sensor
NFH
Depth sensor
Pressure sensor
Auxiliary measurements
12-bit resolution at 0.1-ms sampling

Gain: 24 to 24 dB
16-bit resolution at 0.25-ms sampling
Gain: 24 to 24 dB
12-bit with one sample per shot
Accuracy: 1.5%
12-bit with one sample per shot
Accuracy: 2%
Electronics current, temperature, pressure, humidity
TRISOR Acoustic Source Control Element
Temperature rating
Max. recommended operating
depth below sea level
Operating: 5 to 131 degF [15 to 55 degC]

Storage: 40 to 158 degF [40 to 70 degC]
33 ft [10 m]
analog signals carried on conventional

umbilicals. The direct interface to the
acquisition software allows monitoring surface and downhole operations
from one integrated QC panel, which
eliminates shot number mismatches
and ensures accurate recording and
reporting of source positioning and
downhole data.
Gun synchronization accuracy of
the TRISOR element is typically 0.1 ms.
Continuous monitoring of the QC data
significantly reduces the possibility of
continuing a survey if there is an equipment malfunction. Safety is also intrinsic to operations with the TRISOR
element because the guns cannot be
fired while out of the water, and the
TRISOR element defaults to automatic
power-down mode if the cable becomes
disconnected or leakage is detected.
Other features are as follows:
Depth sensor at sourceThe source
depth is logged with each shot, but
if the measured source depth is not
in a specified range, the source is
prevented from firing.
Pressure sensor at sourceThe
source pressure is logged with each
shot. The pressure sensor prevents
source signature variations caused by
variations of source pressure.
Calibrated near-field hydrophone
(NFH)The integrated NFH provides a superior signal compared with
conventional hydrophones for significantly improved source-signature
deconvolution.
Applications
Borehole seismic applications that
require a high-quality, consistent
source signature with calibrated
amplitude
Shot-by-shot source signature
deconvolution
Effective Q-factor derivation from
source to downhole sensor by using
the near-field signature to generate
calibrated far-field signature
134
Q-Borehole integrated
borehole seismic system
The dedicated synchronization equipment of the Q-Borehole system enables
conducting simultaneous surface and
borehole seismic acquisition with
WesternGeco Q-Land* and Q-Marine*
point-receiver seismic systems and
the Q-Seabed* multicomponent seabed seismic system. The VSI vertical
seismic imager is integrally controlled
by the surface acquisition process
to provide a transparent acquisition
process and eliminate the need for
additional survey time. The result is
high-resolution seismic data around
the well.
Applications
Borehole calibration of surface
seismic
Optimized reconciliation of log with
borehole and surface seismic data
Merged navigation records and
consistency of seismic source
andwavelet between borehole
and surface seismic data for
enhanced and faster processing
and interpretation
Borehole data to optimize surface
seismic acquisition through tuning
135
DeepLook-CS
Crosswell Seismic Imaging Service
DeepLook-CS* crosswell seismic
imaging service uniquely combines
wellbore sonic sources and receivers to
provide up to 100 times the resolution
of conventional surface seismic. With
these high-resolution reservoir images,
operators now have the information
they need to engage truly proactive
development strategies and optimize
production throughout the entire life
cycle of the reservoir.
Crosswell imaging employs a seismic source and receivers, both placed
in wells at the depth of the reservoir.
To image reservoir intervals with a
vertical resolution of 5 ft [1.5 m], the
DeepLook-CS service passes specially
engineered sonic energy through
the zone of interest, from source to
receiver. The piezoelectric source is
normally operated while moving for
fast acquisition. Velocity, reflection,
and other sonic properties are measured to provide structural and physical characteristics of the zone in both
the horizontal and vertical directions.
Applications
Reservoir characterization
Bypassed pay identification
Enhanced oil recovery
CO2 sequestration
Waterflooding monitoring
Unconventional gas
Heavy oil and thermal operations
136
DeepLook-CS Service Interwell Distance

Source Well
Receiver Well
Well Spacing, ft [m]
Cased hole
Open hole
Cased hole
Open hole
1003,280 [301,000]
1003,280 [301,000]
Depends on noise, completion, and formation attenuation characteristics.
DeepLook-CS Service Piezoelectric Source
DeepLook-CS Service Hydrophone Receiver Array
302 [150]
10,000 [69]
350 [177]
10,000 [69]
Temperature rating, degF [degC]

Pressure rating, psi [MPa]
Well sizemin., in [cm]
Open hole
Cased hole
Well sizemax., in [cm]
Open hole
Cased hole
Outside diameter, in [cm]
Length, ft [m]
4.5 [11.5]
4.5 [11.5]
2.25 [5.7]
2.25 [5.7]
No limit
No limit
3.5 [8.9]
17.2 [5.24]

Frequency range, Hz
No fluid restrictions
1002,000
No limit
No limit
1.6875 [4.2]
Twenty levels, 5-ft spacing: 118 [36]
Twenty levels, 10-ft spacing: 218 [66.4]
No fluid restrictions
1004,000
Eight hydrophones per level
137
CSI
Combinable SeismicImager
The CSI* combinable seismic imager
is a three-axis borehole seismic
acquisition tool for open- and cased
hole applications. The CSI imager
is designed to physically isolate the
sensor components from the heavy tool
body during seismic acquisition. The
small size and low mass of the sensor
module and the strong anchoring force
of the tool ensure optimal acoustic
coupling, even in soft formations,
which guarantees the high quality of
the recorded seismic data. The CSI

imager is self-combinable using stiff
or flexible interconnects, and it is also
fully combinable with other logging
tools. Deployment can be on wireline,
TLC tough logging conditions system,
or wireline tractor.
Applications
Time-depth determination
Vertical seismic profiles (VSPs)
CSI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Array capability
Sensor package
Length
Weight
Sensor
Sensitivity
Sensor natural frequency
Dynamic range
Distortion
Digitization
Combinability
Seismic waveform produced by acoustic

reflections from bed boundaries
Stationary
Seismic waveform recording: 1-, 2-, or 4-ms output
sampling rate
Up to 4 tools
24.4 in [61.98 cm]
19.9 lbm [9 kg]
Geophone accelerometer (GAC-A)
>0.5 V/g 5%
25 Hz
Flat bandwidth in acceleration: 2 to 200 Hz
90 dB
<60 dB
16 bit
Conveyance on wireline, TLC system, or tractor
138
CSI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Coupling
Anchoring force
Sensor package coupling force

Coupling force/sensor weight ratio
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4.9 in [12.45 cm]
19 in [48.26 cm]
With extension: 22 in [55.88 cm]
4 in [11.75 cm]
Without standoff: 4 in [10.16 cm]
17.8 ft [5.42 m]
271 lbm [123 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,240 N]
4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
630 lbf [2,800 N] in 5-in [12.70-cm] hole
719 lbf [3,200 N] in 10-in [25.40-cm] hole
1,124 lbf [5,000 N] in 19-in [28.26-cm] hole
240 lbf [1,067 N]
10:1
139
Q-Borehole Explorer
High-Output, Wide-Bandwidth Truck Vibrator
The new Q-Borehole Explorer* truck
vibrator meets the challenges of
borehole seismic acquisition in deeper
and more complex formations while it
also improves the safety, data quality,
and efficiency of conventional truckbased vibrators.
Using the low-frequency-enhanced
MD Sweep* maximum-displacement
transmission method, the truck
vibrator delivers the high-output, widebandwidth, low-distortion vibroseis
signal required for modern borehole
seismic operations. MD Sweep
transmission efficiently achieves full
power at the displacement limit of
the Q-Borehole Explorer truck vibrator
by optimally adjusting the drive rate
and force level at the beginning of the
sweep. Tests demonstrate that this
sweep design can add up to half an
octave of full-power, low-frequency
bandwidth over that possible using
conventional sweeps.
The truck vibrators design is
optimized for both on- and off-road
mobility. Trailer transport to and
from the wellsite is not necessary
for land operations using the

Q-BoreholeExplorer truck. The truck
vibrator is US highway compliant,
and its eight-wheel drive and ground
clearance provide excellent offroad agility. Four drive axles evenly
distribute vehicle weight for stability
and low ground pressure on station.
The result is excellent ground coupling,
which in combination with optimized
hydraulic flow to the vibrator actuator
delivers strong, low-frequency energy.
Applications
All US land borehole seismic
applications requiring a highoutput, wide-bandwidth, lowdistortion vibroseis source
Look-ahead and acoustic impedance
(AI) inversion applications requiring
strong, low-frequency energy down
to deep targets
Q-Borehole Explorer Truck
Vehicle length
Vehicle wheelbase
Vehicle width
Vehicle height
Vehicle gross weight
Hold-down weight
Peak hydraulic force
Baseplate clearance, moving
Maximum vehicle speed
Emission compliance
Ambient operating temperature
438 in [11.13 m]
265 in [6.73 m]
101 in [2.56 m]
151 in [3.84 m]
59,000 lbm [27,000 kg]
54,000 lbm [24,500 kg]
60,000 lbf [267,000 N]
13 in [33 cm]
70 mi/h [113 km/h]
Deck and vehicle engines:
California and US EPA continental standards
30 to 130 degF [34 to 54 degC]
Subject to local regulations and road conditions
140
Other land seismic sources

Schlumberger provides land borehole
seismic sources suitable for all types
of terrain.
In open terrain, the vibrator source
provides the best productivity with the
frequency range and strength controlled
to meet survey requirements.
In difficult or wet terrain where
access by vibrator vehicles is restricted,
the buried airgun, positioned below the
weathered zone, provides a consistent
broad-bandwidth source that is ideal for
zero- and fixed-offset survey geometries.
The slim housing provides ease of hole
drilling, deployment, and retrieval.
Dynamite is a lightweight, high-bandwidth source that is ideal for moving
source geometries such as walkaway
lines in difficult or wet terrain.
Applications
Fixed and moving source
geometries for VSP surveys
Sources for all types of terrain
141
Marine Seismic Sources

Schlumberger offers a range of standard
marine seismic sources of different
strengths. Sources are designed to
output predictable and consistent
source signatures. All sources have been
fully characterized through recording
of far-field signatures. Spectral outputs
are characterized for deployment depth,
operating pressure, and array volume.
All sources are mechanically qualified to
ensure safety and reliability. When used
with the TRISOR acoustic source control
element, full QC of array performance
isavailable.
Applications
VSP surveys: zero offset, offset,
walkaway, 3D, and SeismicVISION*
seismic-while-drilling service
Subsalt imaging
Shallow-water surveys
Deepwater and deep wells
Calibration of complex surveys:
anisotropy and amplitude variation
with offset (AVO)
Repeatability and wavelet matching
for time-lapse surveys
All borehole seismic applications
requiring high-quality, consistent
source signatures with calibrated
amplitude
Seismic Source Recommendations

Checkshot
Checkshot, deep well
VSP
VSP, offset or walkaway, deep well
VSP, offset, walkaway or 3D, ultradeep well
Single gun
Two- or three-gun cluster
Two- or three-gun cluster
Single or dual six-gun array
Single or dual six-gun array or surface seismic vessel
Example Seismic Source Specifications

Source
Source Depth,
ft [m]
Capacity,
in3 [L]
Firing Pressure,
psi [MPa]
Zero-Peak
Amplitude,
bar.m
Peak-Peak
Amplitude,
bar.m
Primary to
Bubble Ratio
Single gun
Two-gun cluster
Three-gun cluster
Three-gun cluster, large
Dual Delta six-gun array
HyperCluster* low-frequency
airgunsource
16.4 [5]
9.8 [3]
16.4 [5]
16.4 [5]
16.4 [5]
16.4 [5]
150 [2.5]
300 [4.9]
450 [7.4]
750 [12.3]
1,200 [19.7]
1,500 [24.6]
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
3,000
3.0
5.2
6.7
8.3
14.0
18.4
5.3
9.2
12.2
14.8
23.1
29.0
4.4
7.5
12.2
15.1
21.5
22.6
[14]
[14]
[14]
[14]
[14]
[20]
142
Formation Testing
and Sampling
MDT Forte and MDT Forte-HT

Rugged and High-Temperature
Modular Formation Dynamics Testers
The extensively qualified MDT Forte*
rugged modular formation dynamics
tester and MDT Forte-HT* rugged hightemperature tester are a complete
redesign and reengineering of the
workhorse MDT modular formation
dynamics tester for sampling and
formation testing. By extending the
reliability, efficiency, and applicability
of the MDT tester platform while
minimizing operational risk, the
MDTForte and MDT Forte-HT testers
are run with Quicksilver Probe*
focused fluid extraction and the
Saturn* 3D radial probe to deliver
robust downhole fluid analysis (DFA)
using the InSitu Fluid Analyzer*
system, fluid sampling, and transient
testing to meet the challenges of
todays oilfield operations.
Extensive qualification testing of the
design, components, and entire tester
systems proves that the MDT Forte and
MDT Forte-HT testers tolerate excessive
vibration at all stages of use: from lowfrequency shaking during transit to highimpact shock and vibration downhole at
extreme temperatures. The redesigned
electronics system incorporates surfacemounted components on a ruggedized
chassis that overcomes the conventional
fragility of electronics when operating
in tough logging conditions. Qualified
for 100 cumulative operating hours
at temperatures up to 400 degF
[204degC], the testers are ideally suited
for operations in the most challenging
environments, such as deep water,
drillpipe conveyance, HPHT wells, and
remote operations.
The innovative modular design of

the MDT Forte and MDT Forte-HT
testers means that the tester components are readily customizable to meet
operational requirements:
Telemetry
system with greatly
expanded capabilities means that
the length of the toolstrings is limited primarily by the cable strength
and well conditions. Using extended
tool combinations to meet multiple
objectives in one trip results in significant efficiency gains and cost
savings.
Next-generation Axton* dynamically
compensated single quartz gauge
has an operating range to 410 degF
[210degC] and 31,500 psi [217MPa].
Calibration to 30,000psi [207 MPa]
and 374 degF [190 degC] or to
20,000 psi [138 MPa] and 392degF
[200 degC] ensures consistent pressure metrology performance with
the same accuracy and resolution
expected in standard conditions.
High-temperature InSitu Density*
reservoir fluid density sensor helps
manage the challenges of sampling
formation fluids from HPHT reservoirs
by monitoring contamination levels in
addition to indicating compositional
grading and fluid gradients.
Dual-Packer Module comprises two
inflatable packer elements with an
asymmetrical design that reduces
the risk of sticking and fishing, with
downtime further reduced through
greater durability, longer replacement
cycles, and more stations per run.
Bysealing against the borehole wall

to isolate an interval of the formation,
the dual packers significantly
improve the effectiveness of pressure
measurement and fluid sampling
in low-permeability, laminated, or
fractured formations.
Advanced sealing technology of the
O-rings of the MDT Forte-HT tester
feature carbon nanotube technology.
The engineered material provides
the strength to withstand downhole
effects and ensure extended
sealing performance to capture and
confidently retain HPHT samples.
Advanced Pumpout Modules, rated
from standard conditions through
extra-extrahigh pressure provide an
increased flow area and enhance
run time, resistance to plugging, and
solids handling.
Multisample Modules are used to
collect and subsequently transport
high-quality samples of formation
fluids for PVT analysis. The SinglePhase Multisample Changer (SPMC)
is HPHT rated and pressure compensating for single-phase sampling.
Formation Testing and Sampling
145
Applications
Challenging environments: deep
water, remote operations, drillpipe
conveyance, high temperature,
high pressure, and harsh operating
conditions
Formation pressure measurement
Accurate determination of pressure
gradients and fluid contacts
Reservoir fluid characterization
through DFA
Identification of compositional
grading
Formation fluid sampling
Sample assurance: single phase and
purity
Identification of compartments
andlateral sealing boundaries
Formation permeability
and permeability anisotropy
measurements
Reservoir simulation (equationofstate [EOS] modeling)

Asphaltene gradient determination
and heavy-ends EOS modeling
Identification of volatile oil
andgascondensate
Determination of gas/oil ratio (GOR)
and condensate/gas ratio (CGR)
In situ stress determination
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
MDT Forte Tester

MDT Forte-HT Tester
Formation pressure; ultralow-contamination fluid samples; downhole fluid analysis; flowline
pressure, resistivity, and temperature; permeability and permeability anisotropy; in situ stress
Stationary
Stationary
Quartz gauge: 750 to 15,000 psi [5 to 103 MPa]
Axton gauge: 0 to 30,000 psi [207 MPa] to 374degF
Resistivity: 0.01 to 20 ohm.m
[190 degC] and 0 to 20,000 psi [138 MPa] to
392 degF [200 degC]
Quartz gauge: 0.008 psi [55 Pa] at 1.3-s gate time
Axton gauge: 0.008-psi [55-Pa] rms at 1-s gate time
Resistivity: 0.001 ohm.m
Temperature: 1.0 degF [0.5 degC]
Axton gauge: 2.0 psi [13,789 Pa] for typical
Quartz gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading)
HPHToperational range (>212 degF [>100 degC]
Flowline temperature: 1.0 degF [0.5 degC]
and>15,000psi [103 MPa]) and 6.0 psi
[41,368 Pa] for full range
None
None
Fully integrates with Saturn 3D radial probe, Quicksilver Probe focused fluid extraction, and InSitu Fluid Analyzer system
Conveyance on wireline, drillpipe, and UltraTRAC all-terrain wireline tractor
Downhole fluid analysis at reservoir conditions, interval pressure transient test (IPTT), stress test, mini-DST
Operating range up to 400 degF [204 degC] and default calibration to 392 degF [200 degC] with calibration to higher temperature on request.
Includes fitting error, hysteresis, repeatability, and some allowance for sensor aging; the corresponding percentages of the pressure reading account for the incertitude of the calibration equipment.
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weigh
Shock and vibration
Tension
Compression
MDT Forte Tester
MDT Forte-HT Tester
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000, 25,000, and 30,000 psi
[138, 172, and 207 MPa]
20,000 psi: 558 in [14.41 cm]
25,000 and 30,000 psi: 578 in [14.92 cm]
22 in [55.88 in]
20,000 psi: 4.75 in [12.07 cm]
25,000 psi: 5 in [12.70 cm]
30,000 psi: 5.25 in [13.33 cm]
Depends upon configuration
Electronic shock rating: 250 g
Vibration transmissibility: 3.0 g, 10 to 450 Hz
160,000 lbf [711,700 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
400 degF [204 degC]

20,000 psi
[138 MPa]
5 in [14.41 cm]
22 in [55.88 in]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]

Electronic shock rating: 250 g
Vibration transmissibility: 3.0 g, 10 to 450 Hz
160,000 lbf [711,700 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Tester only, not including probe

At 15,000 psi and 320 degF; the compression rating is a function of temperature and pressure.
146
MDT
Modular Formation Dynamics Tester
The MDT modular formation dynamics tester measures reservoir pressure
quickly and accurately, collects representative fluid samples from multiple
layers, and provides permeability and
anisotropy data through a variety of
interval pressure transient tests. The
MDT tester can also be used to conduct
a mini-frac test to obtain the minimum
in situ horizontal stress in several layers. Its modular design and combinability with Quicksilver Probe focused fluid
extraction, the InSitu Fluid Analyzer
system, and almost all Schlumberger
measurement systems make the
MDTtester readily customizable to meet
specific objectives. The MDT tester continues to evolve, incorporating newly
available measurement technologies to
always feature state-of-the art downhole
devices for reservoir evaluation and
managementneeds.
The basic MDT tester modules are
as follows:
Electronic Power Module (MRPC)
converts power from the surface to
power for the tool modules.
Hydraulic Power Module (MRHY)
contains an electric motor and pump
to provide hydraulic power for setting
and retracting the single- and dualprobe modules. The MRHY has an
accumulator that enables automatic
retraction of the probes if electric
power fails, which prevents potential
stuck tool situations.
Single-Probe Module (MRPS) consists of the probe assembly (i.e.,

packer and telescoping backup pistons), pressure gauges, fluid resistivity and temperature sensors, and
20-cm3 [0.005-galUS] pretest chamber. The MRPS contains both a strain
gauge and the accurate, high-resolution, quick-response CQG crystal
quartz gauge. The volume, rate, and
drawdown of the pretest chamber
can be controlled from the surface
and adjusted depending on the formation characteristics.
Modular Sample Chambers (MRSC)
module is available in three sizes:
1, 2.75, and 6 galUS [3.8, 10.4, and
22.7L]. The 1- and 2.75galUS chambers are available in H2S and standard service versions.
MRPC
Applications
and fluid gradient estimation
Formation fluid sampling and downhole fluid analysis
Pretest drawdown mobility values
(permeability/viscosity)
Permeability and permeability
anisotropy determination away
from the well
In situ stress determination
MRPS
MRHY
MRSC
147
Standard MDT Tester Measurement Specifications

Logging speed
Strain gauge
CQG gauge
Resistivity
Flowline temperature
Accuracy
Stationary
10 psi [68,947 Pa]
20 psi [137,895 Pa]
(2 psi [13,789 Pa]
+ 0.01% of reading)
5% of reading
1.0 degF [0.5 degC]
Resolution
Stationary
0.1 psi [689 Pa]
0.2 psi [1,379 Pa]
0.008 psi [55 Pa] at 1.3-s gate time
Range
Stationary
0 to 10,000 psi [0 to 69 MPa]
0 to 20,000 psi [0 to 138 MPa]
750 to 15,000 psi [5 to 103 MPa]
0.001 ohm.m
1.0 degF [0.5 degC]
0.01 to 20 ohm.m
67 to 392 degF [55 to 200 degC]
Includes calibration fitting error, hysteresis, repeatability, and some allowance for sensor aging;
the corresponding percentages of the pressure readings account for the incertitude of the calibration equipment.
Basic MDT Tester Modules Mechanical Specifications

MRPC
MRHY
MRSC
MRPS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
No limit
No limit
Outside diameter
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
HS service
4.98 ft [1.52 m]
160 lbm [73 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
8.42 ft [2.57 m]
275 lbm [125 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
8.04 ft [2.45 m]
225 lbm [102 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Large-hole kit: 8 in [21.59 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 11 in [29.21 cm]
Large-hole kit: 19 in [48.26 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 22 in [55.88 cm]
Standard: 4.75 in [12.07 cm]
Large-hole kit: 7.5 in [19.05 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 10.5 in [26.67 cm]
6.25 ft [1.91 m]
200 lbm [91 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
These ratings reduce the dependence on using a quartz gauge.

At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. These ratings apply to all MDT tester modules except the Dual-Packer Module (MRPA).
The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.
148
Back | Main Menu | Contents | Index | Search | Next
Saturn
3D Radial Probe
With a total surface flow area of
79.44 in2a 1,200% increase over
the largest conventional single-probe
formation testerthe Saturn 3D
radial probe extends formation testing
to previously inaccessible fluids and
reservoir environments:
low-permeability formations
heavy oil
unconsolidated formations
near-critical fluids
rugose boreholes.
The Saturn 3D radial probe can
perform pressure tests efficiently and
conclusively at mobilities as low as
0.01 mD/cP. With minimal storage
volume effects and greatly reduced
susceptibility to supercharging, the
Saturn probe brings unprecedented
pressure-testing capability to very
tight formations.
The drain assembly of the Saturn
3D radial probe positions four selfsealing suction ports at 90 intervals
against the borehole wall to pull fluid
circumferentially from the reservoir,
instead of funneling it to the single
access point of a conventional probe.
Because fluid is extracted across a
large reservoir volume, flow is readily induced and sustained for viscous
fluids and in low-mobility formations
or uncemented matrix. Filtrate is
quickly removed to draw in uncontaminated formation fluid for downhole
fluid analysis (DFA) and sampling.
The improvement in testing efficiency over conventional probes is distinct at mobilities of 500 mD/cP, with
the performance gap expanding as the
mobility decreases. At 10 mD/cP the
Saturn probe is an enabling technology
because even an extralarge-diameter
conventional probe can be challenged
to move the formation fluid.
The proprietary rubber technology
used in the probe assembly provides
additional flexibility for sealing in
rugose hole conditions in combination
with the probes self-sealing suction
ports. The probe assembly also circumferentially supports the formation
to enable sampling in unconsolidated
formations without the risk of plugging
or formation collapse.
Applications


Downhole fluid analysis
Fluid-gradient determination
Far-field permeability
measurement and anisotropy
determination
Well testing design optimization
149
Saturn Probe
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Ultralow-contamination formation fluids, formation pressure, fluid mobility,

downhole fluid analysis, permeability anisotropy
Stationary
Gauges specified for the operation and formation conditions
None
Fully integrates with MDT modular formation dynamics tester
and InSitu Family* measurements sensors
Low-permeability formations, heavy oil, near-critical fluids,
unconsolidated formations, and rugose boreholes
Includes fitting error, hysteresis, repeatability, and some allowance for sensor aging; the corresponding percentages
of the pressure reading account for the incertitude of the calibration equipment
Saturn Probe
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Max. hole ovality
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Ultrahigh-pressure version: 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
7-in version: 778 in [20.0 cm]
20%
Tool body: 4.75 in [12.06 cm]
7-in version drain assembly: 7 in [17.78 cm]
9-in version drain assembly: 8.75 in [22.23 cm]
5.7 ft [1.74 m]
With Modular Reservoir Sonde and Electronics (MRSE): 12.4 ft [3.78 m]
7-in version: 385 lbm [175 kg]
9-in version: 485 lbm [220 kg]
Depends on wellbore pressure and temperature
Depends on wellbore pressure and temperature
In air, fully assembled on a mandrel
150
Quicksilver Probe
Focused FluidExtraction
Quicksilver Probe* focused fluid extraction acquires reservoir fluids samples
that, in many cases, have levels of filtrate contamination below measurable
limits. In addition, the time required
on station is significantly reduced
compared with conventional openhole
sampling operations. Other enhancements over single-probe methods are
a reduced risk of differential sticking
and more reliable laboratory results for
PVT analysis.
The innovative focused probe features concentric packers with guard
and fluid-acquisition flowlines to
efficiently separate mud filtrate contamination from virgin reservoir fluid
during the fluid-extraction process.
Beyond setting new standards in
fluid purity and extraction speed,
Quicksilver Probe focused fluid
extraction makes downhole fluid
analysis possible even in miscible oilbase mud. Fluid properties can be
accurately measured at reservoir conditions without contamination effects.
Comparison between reservoir layers
yields information concerning zonal
connectivity and fluid compartmentalization that cannot be measured by
other logs.
Applications
and fluid gradient estimation
Downhole fluid analysis
Fluid profiling characterization
of reservoir fluid properties and
quantification of their variation
151
Quicksilver Probe Extraction
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
Extracted ultralow-contamination formation fluids; flowline pressure,

resistivity, and temperature
Stationary
CQG gauge: 750 to 15,000 psi [5 to 103 MPa]
25,000-psi high-pressure Quartzdyne gauge: 0 to 25,000 psi [0 to 172 MPa]
Axton gauge: 0 to 30,000 psi [207 MPa] to 374 degF [190 degC]
and0to20,000psi[138MPa] to 392 degF [200 degC]
CQG gauge: 0.008 psi [55 Pa] at 1.3-s gate time
25,000-psi high-pressure Quartzdyne gauge: 0.01 psi/s [69 Pa/s]
Axton gauge: 0.008-psi [55-Pa] rms at 1-s gate time
CQG gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading)
25,000-psi high-pressure Quartzdyne gauge: 0.02% of full range
Axton gauge: 2.0 psi [13,789 Pa] for typical HPHT operational range
(>212 degF [>100 degC] and >15,000 psi [>103 MPa])
and 6.0 psi [41,368 Pa] for full range
Resistivity: 5% of reading
None
Fully integrates with MDT modular formation dynamics tester and InSitu Family
measurement sensors
Downhole fluid analysis at reservoir conditions
Operating range up to 400 degF [204 degC] and default calibration to 392 degF [200 degC] with calibration to higher temperature on request.
Includes fitting error, hysteresis, repeatability, and some allowance for sensor aging; the corresponding percentages of the pressure reading
account for the incertitude of the calibration equipment
Quicksilver Probe Extraction
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
14 in [35.56 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
While sampling: 5 in [12.70 cm]
High-pressure version: 5.25 in [13.34 cm]
Probe module: 8.48 ft [2.58 m]
308 lbm [140 kg]
High-pressure version: 351 lbm [159 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.
152
InSitu Fluid Analyzer

Real-Time Downhole Fluid Analysis System
The InSitu Fluid Analyzer system
is used to acquire InSitu Family
downhole quantitative fluid properties
measurements for real-time downhole
fluid analysis (DFA):
hydrocarbon composition
(C1, C2, C3C5, and C6+)
gas/oil ratio (GOR)
live-oil density and viscosity
CO2
pH of water (aquifer, connate,
injection, or water-base mud
[WBM] filtrate)
reservoir fluid color
free-gas detection
downhole fluorescence (dew
precipitation in retrograde gas
condensates)
flowline pressure and temperature
(regime of sample chamber, not
the probe)
resistivity of reservoir water
oil-base mud (OBM) filtrate
contamination.
InSitu Composition and

InSitu CO2 sensors
Because quantified DFA is based
on optical absorption spectroscopy,
the InSitu Composition* reservoir
fluid composition measurement uses
the first downhole deployment of a
laboratory-grade grating spectrometer
in addition to the conventional filter
array spectrometer. The filter array
spectrometer measures wavelengths in
the visible to near-infrared (Vis-NIR)
range from 400 to 2,100 nm across
20channels that indicate the color and
molecular vibration absorptions of the
reservoir fluid and also show the main
absorption peaks of water and CO2. The
grating spectrometer has 16 channels

focused on the 1,600- to 1,800nm range,
where reservoir fluid has characteristic
absorptions that reflect molecular
structure. Measurement of the Vis-NIR
spectrum by the two spectrometers is
used for the DFA of fluid hydrocarbon
composition, water content, and mud
filtrate contamination. The CO2 content
is determined from the spectrometer
measurements by the InSitu CO2*
reservoir fluid CO2 sensor.
InSitu GOR sensor

From the enhanced composition measurement, the InSitu GOR* reservoir
fluid sensor determines the GOR and
condensate/gas ratio (CGR) from the
vaporizations of the hydrocarbon and
CO2 components at standard conditions
for flashing a live fluid.
InSitu Color sensor

With optical filters improved for
high-temperature performance, the
InSitu Color* reservoir fluid color sensor uses the extended measurement
range of the 20-channel filter array
spectrometer to determine fluid color.
The reliability of the measurement
is supported by continuous real-time
autocalibration, application of a contamination algorithm that uses all the
spectrometer channels, and a coatedwindow detection flag for enhanced QC.
The color measurement supports fluid
identification, determination of asphaltene gradients, and pH measurement.
InSitu Density sensor

The InSitu Density reservoir fluid density
measurement is based on the resonance
characteristics of a vibrating rod that
oscillates in two perpendicular modes

within the fluid. Simple physical models
describe the resonance frequency and
quality factor of the sensor in relation to
the fluid density. Dual-mode oscillation
is superior to other resonant techniques
because it minimizes the effects of
pressure and temperature on the sensor
through common mode rejection, which
further improves the accuracy of the
measurement. The measurement is
made under flowing conditions, and the
resonator is resistive to corrosive fluids.
InSitu Viscosity sensor

The InSitu Viscosity* reservoir fluid
viscosity sensor measures viscosity
under flowing conditions with either
a dual-mode microresonator rod or a
vibrating wire. Which technology is used
depends on the downhole and reservoir
conditions.
InSitu Fluorescence sensor

The InSitu Fluorescence* reservoir
fluid fluorescence sensor detects free
gas bubbles and retrograde condensate liquid dropout for single-phase
assurance while conducting DFA and
sampling. Fluid type is also identified.
The resulting fluid phase information
is especially useful for defining the
difference between retrograde condensates and volatile oils, which can
have similar GORs and live-oil densities. Because the fluorescence measurement is also sensitive to liquid
precipitation from a condensate gas
when the flowing pressure falls below
the dewpoint, it can be used to monitor
phase separation in real time to ensure
the collection of representative singlephase samples.
153
InSitu pH sensor
The InSitu pH* reservoir fluid pH sensor measures the water pH by injecting dye into the formation fluid being
pumped through the flowline of the
InSituFluidAnalyzer system. The pH is
calculated with 0.1-unit accuracy from
the relevant visible wavelengths of the
dye signal measured by an optical fluid
analyzer. Making the measurement at
reservoir conditions avoids the irreversible pH changes that occur when samples are brought to the surface, as acid
gases and salts come out of solution
with reduced temperature and pressure
and routine laboratory flashing of the
sample. The InSitu pH sensor measures fluids across the entire flowline
cross section, which makes it more
robust than potentiometric methods of
measurement, which are compromised
when oil and mud foul electrode surfaces. Direct pH measurements with
dye also avoid the limitations of resistivity measurement in monitoring contamination, which requires a sufficient
resistivity contrast between the filtrate
and formation water.
InSitu Resistivity sensor

The InSitu Resistivity* reservoir fluid
resistivity sensor measures the fluid
in the flowline using the same proven
technology employed in Schlumberger
formation testing tools. With the
InSitu Resistivity sensor included in
the DFA assembly, it is possible to
monitor resistivity during dual-packer
sampling operations in WBM.
Pressure and
temperature sensors
The high-resolution pressure and
temperature sensors incorporated in
Schlumberger formation testing tools
are used in the InSitu Fluid Analyzer
system. Direct measurement of pressure
and temperature is essential to identify
the position in the PVT envelope where
the other fluid properties, such as density, are measured, especially when the
sensors are placed downstream of the
Fluorescence detector
Pressure and
temperature gauge
Density and
viscosity sensors
Flowline
Resistivity sensor
Grating spectrometer
Filter array spectrometer
InSitu Fluid Analyzer system integrates multiple InSitu Family reservoir fluid measurements
andsensors.
flowline pump. The DFA measurements

within the flowline can then be accurately translated back to virginal reservoir conditions by employing well-known
equation-of-state (EOS) algorithms.
Fluid profiling character

ization of reservoir fluid
properties variation
Fluid profiling characterization based
on the InSitu Fluid Analyzer system
measurements provides the distribution of fluid properties across the
reservoir, beyond what a traditional
sampling program can achieve. The
quantified accuracy of InSitu Family
measurements expands DFA application from a single well to multiple-well analysis, defining reservoir
architecture across the entire field.
Quantification of the variation of fluid
properties at higher resolution than
conventional sampling and analysis is
key to identifying and differentiating
compositional grading, fluid contacts,
and reservoir compartments.
For integrated analysis, comprehensive InSitu Pro* real-time quality
control and interpretation software
combines the results of pressure and
fluids analysis from multiple data
sources.
Applications
Reservoir fluid characterization
Identification of compartments
andlateral sealing boundaries
Quantification of compositional
grading
Strategy development for corrosion
and scale
Sample assurance: single phase
andpurity
Reservoir simulation (EOS
modeling)
Improved-accuracy determination
of pretest gradients and fluid
contacts
Asphaltene gradient determination
Differentiation of biogenic
andthermogenic dry gas
Identification of volatile oil
andgascondensate
Determination of GOR and CGR
154
InSitu Fluid Analyzer System
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Hydrocarbon composition, GOR, live-oil density and viscosity, CO, pH of water, reservoir fluid color, free-gas
detection, downhole fluorescence, flowline pressure and temperature, resistivity, OBM contamination
Stationary
InSitu Density sensor: 0.05 to 1.2 g/cm
InSitu Viscosity sensor: 0.2 to 300 cP
InSitu Density sensor: 0.001 g/cm
InSitu Density sensor: 0.012 g/cm
InSitu Viscosity sensor: 10% for wire, 12% for rod
na
None
Fully integrates with the MDT, MDT Forte, and MDT Forte-HT testers; Saturn 3D radial probe;
QuicksilverProbefocused fluid extraction; and InSitu Pro software
Real-time downhole fluid analysis
na = not applicable
InSitu Fluid Analyzer System
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
Determined by probe or packer
Determined by probe or packer
10.43 ft [3.18 m]
368 lbm [167 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
155
InSitu Pro
RealTime Quality Control
and Interpretation Software
The InSitu Pro software is used for
detailed analysis and reporting of pretest, sampling, and downhole fluid
analysis (DFA) station data, both in
real time and postacquisition. It is compatible with Quicksilver Probe focused
fluid extraction, MDT modular formation dynamics tester, InSitu Fluid
Analyzer system, PressureXpress reservoir pressure-while-logging service, and
PressureXpress-HT high-temperature
reservoir pressure service. Data analysis
by InSitu Pro software also supports
fluid profiling comprehensive characterization of reservoir fluid properties
and quantification of their variation.
For real-time monitoring and QC,
data can be received via InterACT global
connectivity, collaboration, and information service directly at the operators
office or a Schlumberger iCenter* secure
networked collaborative environment.
Because operators and Schlumberger

engineers share the InSitu Pro software
access for powerful data analysis, all
users efficiently view the same data and
presentations in real time for their operation. Detailed interpretation can also
be conducted after the job to combine
reservoir fluid information with petrophysical data.
InSitu Pro software has three main
modules:
pressure module for conducting
comprehensive QC and analysis
ofpretests
fluids module for conducting QC
and viewing DFA and sampling data
integration module for combining
pressure and fluid analysis results
from all available stations with
other petrophysical and correlation
logs in an integrated depth display.
Applications
Real-time monitoring, QC, and
interpretation of pretest, fluid
sampling, and DFA data for both
wireline and LWD formation
testingservices
Production strategy guidance
through the determination
of fluid types and contacts
and the swift identification
ofcompartmentalization
Postjob data integration from
multiple data sources, evaluation,
interpretation, and reporting
The comprehensive depth view from InSitu Pro software combines the results of pressure and fluids analysis
from multiple data sources.
156
Advanced MDT Tester Modules

Dual-Packer Module
The Dual-Packer Module (MRPA) consists of two inflatable packer elements
that seal against the borehole wall
to isolate an interval, improving the
effectiveness of pressure measurement
and fluid sampling in low-permeability,
laminated, or fractured formations.
The MDT Pumpout Module (MRPO) is
used to inflate the packers with fluid.
High-performance packers are run
with the MRPA to expand the operating envelope for the MDT tester,
with a temperature rating to 410 degF
[210 degC] and compatibility with
both water- and oil-base mud systems.
The superior elasticity and improved
durability of the high-performance
packers enable performing more
stations per run and lessen packer
replacement. The asymmetrical packer
design reduces sticking and bulging
potential. Operational reliability is
further enhanced by the autoretract
mechanism (ARM), which applies a
longitudinal tensile force to assist in
retracting the packers after deflation,
in turn minimizing drag. At temperatures below 225 degF [107 degC], the
elements retain sufficient elasticity for
operation without the ARM.
For operations in H2S environments, the Dual-Packer Module is
available in a NACE-compliant version for sampling up to 50% H2S in
hole sizes from 578 to 958 in.
The length of the test interval
between the packers is 3.2 ft [0.98m]
and can be extended to 5.2, 8.2, or
11.2 ft [1.58, 2.5, or 3.41 m] by using
2- and 3-ft [0.61- and 0.91-m] spacers with large-diameter mandrels. For
the 3.2-ft interval, the area of the isolated interval of the borehole is about
3,000 times larger than the area of
the borehole wall isolated by the MDT
testers Single-Probe Module (MRPS).
For fluid sampling, the large area
results in flowing pressures that are
only slightly below the reservoir pressure, which avoids phase separation
even for pressure-sensitive fluids such
as gas condensates or volatile oils.
In low-permeability formations, high
drawdown usually occurs with the
probe, whereas fluid can be withdrawn
from the formation using the MRPA
with minimum pressure drop through
the larger flowing area. In finely laminated formations, the MRPA can be
used to straddle permeable streaks
that would be difficult to locate with
a probe. In fractured formations, the
MRPA can usually seal the interval
whereas a probe could not.
For pressure transient testing,
following a large-volume flow from
the formation, the resulting pressure
buildup has a radius of investigation
of 50 to 80ft [15 to 24 m]. Depending
on the application, interval pressure
transient testing (IPTT) provides
advantages over a conventional drillstem test (DST). It is environmentally friendly because no fluids flow
to the surface, and it is cost effective
because many zones can be tested in
a short time.
The MRPA can be used to create a
micro-hydraulic fracture that can be
pressure tested to determine the minimum in situ stress magnitude. The
fracture is created by pumping wellbore fluid into the interval between
the inflatable packer elements.
157
Dual-Packer Module Packers Mechanical Specifications

Packer
Outside
Diameter,
in [cm]
Hole Size
Min.,
in
Hole Size
Max.,
in
Temperature
Rating,
degF [degC]
Pressure
Rating,
psi [MPa]
Differential
Pressure Rating,
psi [MPa]
Type
Recommended Number of Settings
SIP-A3-5in
5 [12.70]
5.875
7.5
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
4,500 [31]
Symmetrical
10 settings at 3,000 psi in 6-in hole
SIP-A3A-5in
5 [12.70]
5.875
7.5
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
4,500 [31]
Asymmetrical
10 settings at 3,000 psi in 6-in hole
IPCF-H2S-500
5 [12.70]
5.875
7.5
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
TBQ
Asymmetrical
TBQ
SIP-A3-6.75in
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Symmetrical
10 settings at 3,000 psi in 8.75-in hole
SIP-A3A-6.75in
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Asymmetrical
IPCF-PAS-700
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Symmetrical
IPCF-PA-700
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Asymmetrical
IPCF-PC-700
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
4,500 [31]
Asymmetrical
IPCF-BA-700
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
410 [210]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Asymmetrical
IPCF-H2S-700
7 [17.78]
7.875
9.625
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Asymmetrical
SIP-A3A-8.5in
8.5 [21.59]
9.875
14
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
3,000 [21]
Asymmetrical
17.5
350 [177]
20,000 [138]
2,100 [14]
Asymmetrical
SIP-A3A-10in
10 [25.40]
11
At the specified pressure and hole size

To be qualified
158
Dual-Probe Module
cannot separate vertical from horizontal mobility, nor can it avoid the
effects of near-wellbore alteration.
For a layer less than 2 ft [0.61 m]
thick, the combination of the dualprobe and single-probe modules can
straddle the layer to determine if the
layer is a pressure barrier.
In combination with the SingleProbe

Module (MRPS), the DualProbe
Module (MRDP) provides measurements for determining both the vertical and horizontal mobility unaffected
by near-wellbore permeability alterations. Analysis of a pretest pressure
transient from only a single probe
MRDP
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
HS service
392 degF [200 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
7 in [19.37 cm]
13 in [33.65 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
6.75 ft [2.06 m]
MRDP-BA, MRDP-BB, MRDP-BC,
and MRDP-BX: 8.6 ft [2.62 m]
298 lbm [135 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. These ratings apply to all MDT tester modules except the MRPA.
159
Flow-Control Module
The Flow-Control Module (MRFC) is
used to control the withdrawal of fluid
from the formation for specific pressure
transient tests that are typically done
in combination with the Single-Probe
Module (MRPS) and Dual-Probe
Module (MRDP). The withdrawal
of fluid can be accomplished at a
selected rate or pressure that does
not have to be constant. The rate of

fluid withdrawal is measured. The total
volume of withdrawn fluid is limited to
1 L [0.26galUS], which is 50 times the
volume of the pretest chamber in the
MRPS. Following withdrawal of a 1-L
volume, the module can be emptied
and used for repeated withdrawals.
The module can be used to provide
an extended pretest volume when
combined with the single probe.
MRFC
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
HS service
392 degF [200 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
7.58 ft [2.31 m]
250 lbm [113 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. These ratings apply to all MDT tester modules except the MRPA.
160
Pumpout Module
The Pumpout Module (MRPO) is used
to flow fluids from the reservoir at a
controlled flowing pressure. Pressure
control is required to avoid the separation of phases (i.e., gas or solids separating from oil, or liquid condensing
from gas). Representative fluid samples
require a single-phase fluid.
Pressure control is accomplished
by varying the duty cycle (i.e., motor
voltage) or motor speed. The engineer
changes the duty cycle or motor speed
until the flowing pressure, as measured
by the pressure gauge (located where
the fluid enters the tool), is safely
above the pressure at which the phases
separate. The LFA* live fluid analyzer,
yzer,
CFA* composition fluid anal
or both these modules are used in
combination with the MRPO to detect
phase separation.
Fluid is withdrawn from the

formation and pumped into the wellbore
fluid system until an acceptably low
percentage of drilling fluid filtrate
contamination is achieved. The LFA
analyzer is used to measure the level of
filtrate contamination. The fluid is then
diverted to a sample chamber, where it
is preserved for later analysis.
The fluid exits the MRPO at a
pressure equalized to the wellbore
hydrostatic pressure. The rate at
which the fluid flows depends upon
the difference between the wellbore
pressure and the flowing pressure. The
minimum to maximum pumpout flow
range can be from 0.08 to 32.8 cm3/s
[0.0013 to 0.52 galUS/min]. The
maximum differential pressure is
4,100 psi [28 MPa] for the standard
displacement unit and 11,700 psi
[81 MPa] for the extra-extrahighpressure displacement unit.
MRPO
Temperature rating
392 degF [200 degC]
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
HS service
20,000 psi [138 MPa]

5 in [14.29 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
10.63 ft [3.24 m]
340 lbm [154 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
25,000-psi [172-MPa] and 30,000-psi [207-MPa] versions are available upon request.
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. These ratings apply to all MDT modular formation dynamics tester modules
excepttheDual-Packer Module (MRPA). The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.
161
LFA live fluid analyzer

Both the Pumpout Module (MRPO)
and LFA live-fluid analyzer are
required in the MDT tester toolstring
for fluid sampling. The LFA analyzer
measures the percentage of drilling
fluid filtrate mixed with the formation fluid as a function of time. This
measurement is the basis for making
real-time decisions on when to stop
discarding the fluid to the wellbore and
capture the sample in a chamber. The
filtrate percentage is determined with
a 10-channel optical spectrometer.
Specific near-infrared wavelengths are
used to determine the percentage of
water-base filtrate in oil or of oil-base
filtrate in water. A range of visible and
near-infrared wavelengths is used to

determine the percentage of oil-base
mud filtrate in oil. The LFA analyzer
also measures methane content and
hydrocarbon content. From the ratio
of the two, the gas/oil ratio (GOR) is
calculated using a measurement made
on oil above the bubblepoint.
In addition to measuring contamination, the LFA analyzer detects the
presence of gas if the flowing pressure
is below the bubblepoint. The engineer
is alerted to slow the pumping rate to
raise the pressure above the bubblepoint to avoid phase separation. The
presence of a distinct gas phase is
detected with an optical refractometer.
LFA Live Fluid Analyzer
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
HS service
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
6.17 ft [1.88 m]
187 lbm [85 kg]
Yes
162
CFA composition
fluid analyzer
The addition of the CFA composition
fluid analyzer to the MDT tester performs real-time compositional analysis
of sampled retrograde gases, condensates, and volatile oils. The module has
two detectors, a fluorescence device
and an optical spectrometer. If liquids drop out from the gas phase, the
dew that forms can be detected by
an increase in the fluorescence level.
The fluorescence detector ensures
that the sample is above the dewpoint
and in single-phase condition for gas
sampling. The optical spectrometer is
based on principles similar to those
of the LFA analyzer. However, the
spread of the optical density channels
enables the tool to measure the optical
density at the peaks corresponding
to methane (C1), ethane to pentane
group (C2 to C5), heavier hydrocarbon
molecules (C6+), carbon dioxide, and
water to quantitatively measure their
downhole concentrations.
Computation of the GOR or its

inverse, the condensate/gas ratio
(CGR), of the flowline fluid extends the
range of GOR measurement to about
30,000 ft3/bbl from the LFA analyzers
maximum GOR of 2,500.
In a hydrocarbon-bearing formation
the CFA analyzer is used to characterize the fluid with respect to depth.
Conducting compositional analysis at
various depths can provide compositional grading within the oil column
below the gas zone. This information
is valuable for reservoir engineers but
was previously difficult to obtain.
The CFA analyzer can be used in
combination with the LFA analyzer
to provide a total of 20 optical channels downhole for real-time assurance
of single-phase conditions, detection
of contamination, and measurement of
composition.
CFA Analyzer
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
HS service
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
5.1 ft [1.55 m]
With handling caps: 6.6 ft [2.01 m]
161 lbm [73 kg]
Yes
163
MDT Tester Low-Shock Sampling

Conducting low-shock sampling with
the MDT modular formation dynamics
tester limits the pressure drawdown
during fluid extraction and sampling.
This approach helps avoid crossing
the bubblepoint pressure, which would
induce a two-phase condition in the
flowline and the sample chambers. The
successful collection of representative
pressure-volume-temperature (PVT)
samples also requires low filtrate contamination, which is determined by
using the LFA live fluid analyzer.
The sample chambers and bottles
consist of a cylinder with a valve at
the top and opening at the bottom and
contain a sliding piston. While the fluid
is pumped from the formation to the
wellbore, the valve at the top is closed
and the piston is positioned at the top
of the cylinder. Beneath the piston in

the cylinder is water. Because there
is an opening at the bottom, the water
pressure in the cylinder is equal to the
wellbore hydrostatic pressure. Sample
capture begins by opening the valve
at the top and pumping fluid into the
bottle rather than to the wellbore.
The entering fluid pushes the piston
down and causes the water to exit to
the wellbore. Because the pump is
pushing fluid to the wellbore, there is
no change in the flowing pressure following opening of the valve. With this
innovative technique, low-shock sampling minimizes pressure disruption.
Previous methods of sampling did not
employ an opening at the bottom of the
chamber. Before sampling, the internal
pressure was close to the atmospheric
pressure. When the valve at the top

of the cylinder was opened, a sudden
pressure reduction occurred. The
reduction was typically sufficiently large
to induce phase separation, resulting in
an unrepresentative sample. It could
even cause a shock so large that the
formation would collapse, resulting in a
loss of seal and the entry of drilling fluid
to the tool.
The Dual-Packer Module (MRPA)
can be used in low-shock sampling to
further reduce the pressure drawdown
caused by the area of flow.
In addition to enabling single-phase
sample recovery, low-shock sampling
avoids breaking down the formation
while sampling in unconsolidated
reservoirs, which would cause the
mobilization and flow of sand grains.
164
MDT Tester Multisample Module

The MDT tester Multisample Module
(MRMS) can retrieve six representative formation fluid samples on a single
trip into the well. Two types of sample
bottles can be used in the MRMS:
Multisample Production Sample
Receptacle (MPSR)
Single-Phase Multisample
Chamber (SPMC).
The MRMS may be fitted with any
combination of MPSR and SPMC bottles. A maximum of five MRMS modules (i.e., a total of 30 bottles) can be
combined in one toolstring.
The MPSR bottle has a 450-cm3
[0.12-galUS] volume and is approved
for transport by the US Department
of Transportation (DOT). It can be
heated to 200 degF [93 degC] for
recombining the sample but is not
suitable for long-term storage. The
SPMC has a 250-cm3 [0.07-galUS] volume and can be heated to 400 degF
[204 degC]. It is also DOT transportable. Upon retrieval, an integrated
agitation component is used to restore

samples to reservoir conditions of up
to 25,000psi [172MPa] and 400 degF
[204degC] prior to sample transfer or
analysis. Heating to the reservoir temperature is required for revaporizing
condensed liquids in gas condensate
samples, and heating to 180 degF
[82degC] is required for recombining
wax precipitants.
The SPMC maintains the sample
pressure at or above the reservoir
pressure despite the reduction in temperature at the surface. The SPMC
must be used to prevent asphaltene
solids from precipitating in oil samples because the precipitation of
asphaltenes can be irreversible. The
opening pressure on MPSR samples
is much lower than the reservoir pressure because of the reduction in temperature at the surface. Gas, liquid,
and solid phases separate within the
MPSR bottle, and the sample cannot
be validated, transferred, or analyzed
until it has been recombined.
MRMS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
392 degF [200 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 in [14.29 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm] (max.)
13.19 ft [4.02 m]
465 lbm [211 kg] (max.)
Tension
Compression
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]

85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
25,000-psi [172-MPa] and 30,000-psi [207-MPa] versions are available on request.

At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320 degF [160 degC]. These ratings apply to all MDT tester modules except the Dual-Packer Module (MRPA).
165
PressureXpress-HT
High-Temperature Reservoir Pressure Service
PressureXpress-HT* service extends
the efficiency and accuracy of
PressureXpress reservoir pressure
while logging service to high-temperature environments. Specifically
engineered for pressure and mobility testing, as compared with conventional multifunction formation tester
tools that also collect fluid samples,
PressureXpress-HT service provides
exceptional pressure measurement
quality and significantly reduces the
time and risk involved with testing.
With a flasked tool design and the
superior thermal stability of the quartz
gauge eliminating the need for gauge
temperature stabilization, highly accurate reservoir pressure and mobility
measurements are typically made in
less than a minute. PressureXpress-HT
service is also compatible with most
openhole services to deliver pressure
measurements on the first logging run.
Innovative tool architecture enables
the superior thermal stability of the
quartz gauge and extended holding
time. By combining these capabilities
with the precision of electromechanical pretest control, PressureXpress-HT
service provides accurate gradients
and overall data quality not achievable by either conventional standard
or high-temperature formation tester tools. The location of the HPHT
Quartzdyne gauge in a flasked section
isolates it from changes in borehole
temperature and eliminates the need
for temperature stabilization of the
gauge, thus significantly improving
overall operational efficiency.
These simple, effective design
changes and an extended qualification
process that tests the entire tool system
as well as individual components,
electronics boards, and subassemblies
deliver exceptional tool performance
in challenging conditions. Extended
single-trip survey programs are possible
with the industrys longest holding time:

14 h at 450 degF [232degC]. Even with
flasking, the slim-diameter, streamlined
profile of PressureXpress-HT service
greatly reduces the risk of tool sticking.
The dynamically controlled pressure-pretest system incorporated in
PressureXpress-HT service enables
precise, real-time control of volume
and drawdown rates across a wide
mobility range. A pressure limit can
be set as necessary. The enhanced
pretest system makes pressure testing possible in formations where conventional hydraulic technology cannot
measure accurately because it allows
ultrasmall pretest volumes and minimal flowline storage volume. The pressure differential for drawdown is up
to 8,000 psi [55 MPa]. A dedicated
wellbore pressure gauge can be used
to develop procedures and algorithms
to overcome the supercharging effect
that commonly occurs in many lowpermeability applications. Multiple
pretests can be performed at a given
depth to verify the accuracy of a pressure measurement without having to
cycle the tool, or they can be performed at multiple depths to produce
a profile of pressure versus depth.
The resulting pressure profile can be
converted directly to the density of the
formations continuous fluid phase for
use in defining fluid contacts.
To select the candidate zones
for successful reservoir pressure
and fluid mobility measurement,
PressureXpress Advisor* pretest
quality indicator uses real-time data
from the logging string that the service
is run on. For pressure and gradient
analysis, InSitu Pro real-time quality
control and interpretation can be
performed. A concise wellsite report
is generated, with optional display of
other log data.
166
Applications
Accurate, fast pressure and
mobility measurements from hightemperature and low-permeability
environments
Measurements from the first
logging run, in tool combinations
with most wireline logging services
Heat-management-optimized design
for performing extended surveys at
the industry-leading holding time of
14 h at 450 degF [232 degC]
Pressure profiles and mobility
measurements to combine
with petrophysical, seismic,
and conventional log data for
developing a static reservoir model
Identification of depleted zones in

a wider mobility range
Measurement of reservoir fluid
density with gradients and gas/oil/
water contacts
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy

Combinability
Formation pressure, fluid mobility

Stationary
Set and retract time: 15 s
Max. measured overbalance: 8,000 psi [55 MPa]
Pretest volume: 0.1 to 37 cm
Pretest rate: 0.02 to 2 cm/s
Quartzdyne gauge: 0.01 psi [29 Pa/s]
Secondary Sapphire* gauge: 0.4 psi [276 Pa] at 1 Hz
Quartzdyne gauge: (0.02% of full scale + 0.01% of reading)
Secondary Sapphire gauge: (5 psi [34 kPa] + 0.01% of reading)
Flowline temperature: 3.6 degF [2 degC]
None
Combinable with SlimXtreme platform and most openhole tools
High-temperature operations, slim wellbores
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
450 degF [232 degC] for 14 h

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [12.07 cm]
14.5 in [36.83 cm]
Tool: 3.75 in [9.53 cm]
Tool with bumpers or probe section without bumpers: 4.0625 in [10.32 cm]
30.2 ft [9.2 m]
730 lbm [310 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
For operations > 400 degF [204 degC], contact your Schlumberger representative for information on required operating procedures.
167
PressureXpress
Reservoir Pressure While Logging Service
PressureXpress reservoir pressure
while logging service collects pressure
and fluid mobility measurements during the first logging run, bringing new
efficiency to formation pressure testing. This streamlined service significantly reduces both the time and risk
of employing conventional multifunction pressure testers that perform pretests by taking formation fluid samples.
The dynamically controlled pressure-pretest system integrated in
PressureXpress service enables precise control of volume and drawdown
rates over a wide mobility range, which
makes pressure testing possible in
many formations where conventional
technology cannot function. For lowpermeability rock, the standard probe
can be replaced with one of several
optional probes with effective inlet
areas up to 7.5 in2 [48.4 cm2]. A pressure drawdown limit can also be set.
The pretest assembly is not linked to
the hydraulic anchoring system and is
therefore not susceptible to leaks, tool
movement, or other hydraulic affects
on testing. Multiple pretests can be
performed at a given depth to verify
the accuracy of a pressure measurement without having to cycle the tool.
Pretests performed at multiple depths
are used to produce a pressure profile,
which can be converted directly to the
density of the formations continuous
fluid phase.
PressureXpress Advisor pretest

quality indicator analyzes real-time
data from the Platform Express
integrated wireline logging tool to
select candidate zones for successful
reservoir pressure and fluid mobility testing. For pressure and gradient analysis, interpretation can be
performed with InSitu Pro real-time
quality control and interpretation
software. A concise wellsite report
is generated, along with an optional
display of other log data.
Applications
Formation pressure and mobility
measurements on the first run
Determination of reservoir fluid
density, contacts, and gradients
Mobility and permeability
measurement to aid the selection
of sampling points
Identification of depleted zones,
thief zones, and zones to avoid
during fracture stimulation
operations
168
PressureXpress Service
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Formation pressure, fluid mobility (permeability/viscosity), fluid density

Stationary
Max. measured overbalance:
XPT-B: 6,500 psi [44.8 MPa]
XPT-C: 8,000 psi [55 MPa]
Sapphire gauge: 0.04 psi [276 Pa]
CQG gauge: 0.005 psi [34 Pa] at 1-s gate time
Quartzdyne gauge: 0.01 psi/s [69 Pa/s]
Sapphire gauge: 5 psi [34 kPa]
CQG gauge: (2 psi [14 kPa] + 0.01% of reading)
Quartzdyne gauge: (0.02% of full scale + 0.01% of reading)
Probe extension beyond packer surface: 0.45 in [1.14 cm]
None
Combinable with Platform Express tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
XPT-B
XPT-C
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
With CQG gauge: 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
14.5 in [36.83 cm]
Tool: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Probe section:3.875 in [9.84 cm]
21.31 ft [6.49 m]
450 lbm [204 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
320 degF [160 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
With CQG gauge: 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4.75 in [12.07 cm]
14.5 in [36.83 cm]
Tool: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Probe section:3.875 in [9.84 cm]
21.54 ft [6.57 m]
451 lbm [205 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
169
SRFT
Slimhole Repeat Formation Tester
The SRFT* slimhole repeat formation testerwith a 3.375-in
[8.57cm]ODbrings wireline formation tester services to small-diameter
boreholes. It can also be run in wells
where conventional tools cannot operate because of abrupt changes in angle,
swelling formations, hole restrictions,
and other drilling problems.
The SRFT tester can be repeatedly
set and retracted during a single trip
in the well. The CQG crystal quartz
gauge is used to provide quick, accurate pressure measurements. One segregated sample can be recovered in a
sample bottle that is DOT approved
for transport. Alternatively, two fluid
samples can be recovered from two
different depths.
Sample chambers are available in

two sizes: 450 cm3 [0.12 galUS] and
238 galUS [9 L]. An optional water
cushion is used to reduce the shock
resulting from pressure drawdown
when a sample chamber is opened
for sampling.
Applications
Formation pressure measurement in slim holes, short-radius
horizontal wells, and unstable
orrestricted wells
Fluid sampling in slim holes,
short-radius horizontal wells,
andunstable or restricted wells
SRFT Tester
Output
Logging speed
Accuracy
Pressure measurement, fluid samples

Stationary measurements
0 to 20,000 psi [0 to 138 MPa] at up to
350 degF [177 degC]
CQG gauge:
Accuracy: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading)
Resolution: 0.02 psi [138 Pa] at 1-s gate time
Strain gauge: 5,000-, 10,000-, and 20,000-psi
[34-, 69-, and 138-MPa] ranges
Accuracy: 0.1% of full scale
Resolution: 0.001% of full scale
Slim or restricted holes
170
SRFT Tester
Standard Probe and Piston
Telescoping Pistons (SRTP)
Large-Hole Kit (SRLH)
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4.125 in [10.48 cm]
4.8 in [12.19
cm]
6.5 in [16.51 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
6.3 in [16.00 cm]
7.8 in [19.81 cm]
9.8 in [24.89 cm]
Outside diameter
Fully retracted: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]

Fully extended: 6.5 in [16.51 cm]


Length
22.23 ft [6.77 m]
22.23 ft [6.77 m]
22.23 ft [6.77 m]
Weight
455 lbm [206 kg]
455 lbm [206 kg]
455 lbm [206 kg]
Tension
35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
Compression
3,900 lbf [17,350 N]
3,900 lbf [17,350 N]
3,900 lbf [17,350 N]
Borehole
sizemin.
Minimum borehole size is dependent on the borehole conditions and whether the SRFT tester is run on cable or pipe.
If an SRFT tester with telescoping pistons is set in a hole smaller than recommended, the larger section of the telescoping pistons will touch the borehole. Standoffs should be used in this case.
Sample Chamber Specifications

SRSU-AA with MPSR-BA
SRSC-AA
Water Cushion (SRSW-AA)
Capacity
450 cm3 [0.12 galUS]
2.375 galUS [9.0 L]
2.375 galUS [9.0 L]
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
MPa]
20,000 psi [138
MPa]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138
Outside diameter
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Length
4.45 ft [1.36 m]
9.31 ft [2.84 m]
9.11 ft [2.78 m]
Weight
106 lbm [48 kg]
97 lbm [44 kg]
91 lbm [41 kg]
DOT-approved MPSR
HS service
PVT samples
HS service
HS service
Optional water cushion for SRSC-AA
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
The SRSU is only the carrier and also provides water cushion for the MPSR.
Rated to 20,000 psi [138 MPa] for both internal and external pressure.
The SRSW filled with water weighs 111 lbm [50 kg].
171
CHDT
Cased Hole Dynamics Tester
The technologically advanced CHDT
cased hole dynamics tester, a component of the ABC analysis behind casing services suite of services, makes
multiple pressure measurements and
collects fluid samples from behind
a cased wellbore. Developed with
support from the Gas Technology
Institute (GTI), the CHDT tester has
the unique ability to drill through a
cased borehole and into the formation, acquire multiple pressure measurements, recover high-quality fluid
samples, and then plug the hole made
in the casing to restore pressure integrityin a single trip. The restoration
of pressure integrity saves the costs
associated with conventional plug-setting runs, cement-squeeze operations,
pressure tests, and scraper runs as
well as the rig costs associated with
these operations.
The tool seals against the casing
and uses a flexible drill shaft to
penetrate both the casing and cement
and into the formation. As the drill
penetrates the target, the integrated
instrument package simultaneously
monitors pressure, fluid resistivity, and
drilling parameters. This additional
information about the casing/cement/
formation interfaces enables real-time
quality control of the operation.
The CHDT tester is combinable
with MDT tester modules in 658in
[16.83cm] and larger casing. The
module combinations are used to
perform high-quality single-phase
sampling, enhanced fluid identification,

and contamination monitoring, which
were previously possible only for
openhole applications. In combination
with the other through-casing
formation evaluation tools in the ABC
services suiteCHFR-Plus cased hole
formation resistivity tool, RSTPro reser
voir saturation tool, CHFD cased hole
formation density service, CHFP cased
hole formation porosity service, Sonic
Scanner acoustic scanning platform,
and DSI dipole shear sonic imagerthe
CHDT tester delivers comprehensive
reservoir analysis behind casing.
Applications
Evaluation of old wells for bypassed
hydrocarbons
Development of critical economic
data for well evaluation
Reduced risk alternative to openhole formation testing under
difficult conditions
Pressure monitoring during water,
steam, and CO2 injection
Identification of collector zones
in gas storage wells
Stress testing and leakoff
evaluation in cased holes
Production and injection through
known-diameter drillholes
172
CHDT Tester
Output
Logging speed
Accuracy
Depth of drillhole
Drillhole diameter
Pretest volume
Limitations
Combinability
Behind-casing pressure measurement, PVT and conventional fluid samples, fluid mobility
Stationary
CQG gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading) (accuracy),
0.008 psi [55 Pa] at 1.3-s gate time (resolution)
6 in [152 mm] (max. from casing)
0.281 in [7.137 mm]
6.1 in3 [100 cm3]
Max. casing thickness: 0.625 in [1.59 cm] in 13-in casing
MDT tester modules, another CHDT tester, most other tools
Up to six holes drilled and plugged per run
HS service
Fluid identification (resistivity and LFA live fluid analyzer)
Combinable with MDT tester modules in 6-in [16.83-cm] and larger casing
Formation and casing dependent
CHDT Tester
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Max. underbalance: 4,000 psi [27 MPa]
Plug rating: 10,000 psi [69 MPa] (bidirectional)
5 in [13.97 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
4.25 in [10.79 cm]
Pressure measurement only: 34.1 ft [10.4 m]
Optional sample chamber: 9.7 ft [2.96 m]
Depends on configuration
173
XL-Rock
Large-Volume Rotary Sidewall Coring Service
XL-Rock* large-volume rotary sidewall
coring service closes the gap between
core plugs from continuous conventional core and wireline-conveyed
rotary sidewall cores by retrieving
up to fifty 1.5-in-OD by 2.5- to 3.5-inlong sidewall core samples in a single
descent. These large-volume core samples deliver a rock volume equivalent
to or larger than that of conventional
core plugs. The industrys standard
sample size is matched or exceeded
for routine (RCAL) and most special
core analysis (SCAL) measurements
with delivery in less time and at lower
cost than conventional coring. At more
than 3 times the rock volume of standard 0.92-in-diameter sidewall cores,
XL-Rock sidewall core samples recover
a sufficient volume of rock to extract
three triaxial minicores for full analysis of completion quality, which previously required conventional coring. In
addition, XL-Rock service provides the
flexibility to core multiple intervals in
the same descent, which is not possible
with conventional coring.
Ruggedized electronics provide
additional capabilities in retrieving
the larger rock samples. Compatibility
with the latest Schlumberger telemetry
systems accesses features such as the
GPIT general purpose inclinometry tool
and standard electronically controlled
release device (ECRD) that were
previously reserved for sophisticated
logging toolstrings. The ability to record
gamma ray measurements in the
background both saves time otherwise
spent on correlation and improves the
depth accuracy of every core. Physical
drilling parameters, such as weight
on bit, are under real-time control to
ensure that XL-Rock service is coring at
the optimal settings for every core point.

Powered by an in-house hydraulic motor,
XL-Rock service efficiently recovers
high-quality cores across a wide variety
of lithologies, from hard, brittle igneous
rocks to friable sandstones, carbonates,
and shale plays.
Operational risk is greatly reduced
for XL-Rock service. Not only is it the
shortest rotary sidewall coring tool
in the market today, at only 37 ft in
length, but the shaft attached to the
core bit has a special built-in safety
feature to enable controlled release of
the core bit if the bit becomes stuck
in the formation. Compatibility with
the ECRD also greatly increases the
amount of pull allowed on the wireline
cable, further reducing the chance of
a stuck tool.
Applications
Geomechanics
Relative permeability
Mineralogy: X-ray diffraction,
scanning electron microscopy,
isotopes
Petrographic description
Source rock and oil
characterization
Log calibration: grain density,
resistivity m and n exponents,
nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) T2 cutoff, mineralogy
andtotalorganic carbon (TOC),
and mechanical properties to
acoustic logs
Grain-size analysis
Reservoir storage capacity
Reservoir flow capacity
Capillary pressure characteristics
174
XL-Rock Service
Sidewall core samples
Stationary
Avg. coring time: 38 min per sidewall core
Sidewall core size:
1.5-in [3.81-cm] diameter 2.5-in [6.35-cm] long (50 per descent)
1.5-in diameter 3.0-in [7.62-cm] long (50 per descent)
1.5-in diameter 3.5-in [8.89-cm] long (44 per descent)
None
Conveyance on wireline, drillpipe with the TLC tough logging conditions system, and coiled tubing
Output
Logging speed

Lithology
dependent
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
350 degF [177 degC]

7.5 in [19.05 cm]
19 in [49.53 cm]
6.5 in [16.51 cm]
36.5 ft [11.2 m]
970 lbm [440 kg]
22,900 lbf [101,860 N]
12,500 lbf [55,600 N]
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight (in air)
Tension
Compression
Can
At
be run at 400 degF [204 degC] with a Dewar flask
the coring bit assembly
175
MSCT
Mechanical Sidewall Coring Tool
The standard configuration of the rotary
MSCT mechanical sidewall coring tool
recovers 50 core samples. Optional
configurations for recovering 75 core
or 20 core-catcher (dictated by corecatcher capacity) samples are available.
Each sample is isolated for positive
identification, and a summary output at
surface lists all samples with the exact
depth and time that each was taken.
The real-time display at the logging
unit confirms proper tool operation
and sample acquisition. The MSCT
tool is run in combination with a
gamma ray tool to correlate with
openhole logs for accurate, real-time
depth control of the coring points.
Applications
Lithology analysis
Secondary porosity analysis
Porosity and permeability
determination
Confirmation of hydrocarbon shows
Determination of clay content
Determination of grain density
Detection of fracture occurrence
MSCT Tool
Output
Logging speed
Depth of core sample
Sidewall core samples

Stationary
Coring time (avg.): 3 to 5 min per core
Core size: 2 in [50.8 mm] long 0.92 in
[23.4 mm] diameter
Core length: 1.5 or 1.75 in [38.1 or 44.4 mm]
None
The MCFU-AA is used for 50 cores per descent and the MCCU is used for 20 cores per descent.
MSCT Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

6 in [15.87 cm]
19 in [48.26 cm]
5.375 in [13.65 cm]
31.29 ft [9.54 m]
750 lbm [340 kg]
22,900 lbf [101,860 N]
12,500 lbf [55,600 N]
The MSCT-A can be run at 400 degF [204 degC] with a Dewar flask (UDFH-KF).
Successful jobs have also been performed at 425 degF [218 degC].
With the standoffs removed, the MSCT tool can be stripped down to 5 in [12.70 cm] and run in 5-in [14.92-cm] holes.
The sonde weighs 580 lbm [263 kg].
176
CST
Chronological Sample Taker
The CST* chronological sample taker
can collect up to 90 core samples in
one trip using a series of core recovery
bullets. This percussion-type gun is
accurately depth positioned by using
an SP or gamma ray log. A surfacecontrolled, electrically ignited powder
charge fires a hollow cylindrical bullet into the formation at each sample
depth. Each bullet is attached by two
retaining wires to the gun; these are
used to retrieve the bullet and core.
The wires have a breaking strength of
approximately 1,800 lbf [8,000 N] to
release the gun from the core bullet,
which prevents a stuck core resulting
in a stuck CST sample taker.
The guns vary in the number of bullets per gun. Bullet designs are available for optimal core recovery in various
ranges of formation consolidation. The
recovered samples are usually large
enough for conducting core analysis.
Applications

Porosity measurement
Permeability estimate
Grain size, density, and shape
indication
Hydrocarbon identification
Oil, gas, and water volume estimates
CST Sample Taker
Output
Sidewall cores
Logging speed
Stationary
Hydrostatic pressure and formation characteristics determine

charge selection
Combinability
Usually run with PGGT* powered gun gamma tool for correlation
Up to 3 guns can be used to collect a maximum of 90 core samples
HS service
CST Sample Taker
Temperature rating
Explosive charges: 280 degF [138 degC]

for 1 h or 450 degF
[232 degC] for 1 h
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
4 in [10.48 cm]
sizemax.
25 in [63.50 cm]
Borehole
Outside
diameter
3.375 to 5.25 in [8.57 to 13.33 cm]
Length
6.83 to 17.08 ft [2.08 to 5.21 m]
Weight
125 to 406 lbm [57 to 184 kg]
Tension
50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
Depends
on the gun, see CST Sample Taker Specifications
177
CST Sample Taker Specifications

Core samples
CST-AA
CST-BA
CST-C
CST-DA
CST-G
CST-G60N
CST-G60P
CST-G60Y
30
30
30
30
30
60
60
60
Temperature rating
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
280 degF [138 degC]
280 degF [138 degC]
280 degF [138 degC]
280 degF [138 degC]
280 degF [138 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
8 in [21.59 cm]
8 in [21.59 cm]
8 in [21.59 cm]
8 in [21.59 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
6in [15.55 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
25 in [63.50 cm]
25 in [63.50 cm]
25 in [63.50 cm]
25 in [63.50 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
Outside diameter
5.25 in [13.33 cm]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]
5.25 in [13.33 cm]
4.5 in [11.43 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
Length
9.08 ft [2.77 m]
7.92 ft [2.41 m]
7.86 ft [2.39 m]
11.42 ft [3.48 m]
9.50 ft [2.89 m]
17.08 ft [5.21 m]
17.08 ft [5.21 m]
16.71 ft [5.09 m]
Weight
262 lbm [119 kg]
229 lbm [104 kg]
200 lbm [91 kg]
326 lbm [148 kg]
175 lbm [79 kg]
308 lbm [140 kg]
308 lbm [140 kg]
308 lbm [140 kg]
CST Sample Taker Specifications

Core samples
CST-GY
CST-J
CST-U
CST-V
CST-W
CST-Y
CST-Z
30
25
24
21
12
21
30
Temperature rating
280 degF [138 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
450 degF [232 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
6 in [15.56 cm]
4 in [10.46 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
4 in [12.07 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
8 in [21.59 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
12 in [31.75 cm]
10 in [25.40 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
12 in [31.75 cm]
25 in [63.50 cm]
Outside diameter
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
4.375 in [11.11 cm]
5.25 in [13.33 cm]
Length
9.50 ft [2.89 m]
12.92 ft [3.93 m]
6.83 ft [2.08 m]
7.60 ft [2.32 m]
8.08 ft [2.46 m]
7.60 ft [2.32 m]
11.42 ft [3.48 m]
Weight
175 lbm [79 kg]
187 lbm [85 kg]
125 lbm [57 kg]
168 lbm [76 kg]
148 lbm [67 kg]
168 lbm [76 kg]
406 lbm [184 kg]
178
Well Integrity
Evaluation
Isolation Scanner
Cement Evaluation Service
Isolation Scanner cement evaluation
service combines classic pulse-echo
technology with a new ultrasonic
techniqueflexural wave imaging
to accurately evaluate any type of
cement, from traditional slurries and
heavy cements to the latest lightweight cements. This innovative
method provides real-time information on cement jobs in a wider range
of conditions than previously possible
with conventional technologies.
In addition to confirming the
effectiveness of a cement job for zonal
isolation, Isolation Scanner service
pinpoints any channels in the cement.
The tools azimuthal and radial coverage
readily differentiates low-density solids
from liquids to distinguish lightweight
cements from contaminated cement
and liquids. The service also provides
detailed images of casing centralization
and identifies corrosion or drillinginduced wear through measurement
of the inside diameter and thickness of
the casing.
Flexural wave imaging is used
by Isolation Scanner service as a
significant complement to pulse-echo
acoustic impedance measurement.
It relies on the pulsed excitation
and propagation of a casing flexural
mode, which leaks deep-penetrating
acoustic bulk waves into the annulus.
Attenuation of the first casing
arrival, estimated at two receivers,
is used to unambiguously determine
the state of the material coupled
to the casing as solid, liquid, or gas
(SLG). Thirdinterface reflection

echoes arising from the annulus/
formation interface yield additional
characterization of the cased hole
environment:
acoustic velocity (P or S) of the
annulus material
position of the casing within the
borehole or a second casing string
geometrical shape of the wellbore.
Vertical sampling is selectable to
as low as 0.6 in [1.52 cm], and the
azimuthal resolution has a maximum
of 10. Because acoustic impedance
and flexural attenuation are independent measurements, their combined
analysis provides borehole fluid properties, not requiring a separate fluidproperty measurement.
Applications
Differentiate high-performance
lightweight cements from liquids
Map annulus material as SLG
Assess hydraulic isolation
Image channels and defects
in annular isolating material
Visualize position of casing
in the borehole
Assess annulus beyond casing/
cement interface
Determine casing internal
diameter and thickness
Determine depth for sidetracking
and casing milling
Well Integrity Evaluation
181
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Solid-liquid-gas map of annulus material, hydraulic communication map, acoustic impedence,

flexural attenuation, rugosity image, casing thickness image, internal radius image
Standard resolution (6 in, 10 sampling): 2,700 ft/h [823 m/h]
High resolution (0.6 in, 5 sampling): 563 ft/h [172 m/h]
Min. casing thickness: 0.15 in [0.38 cm]
Max. casing thickness: 0.79 in [2.01 cm]
High speed: 6 in [15.24 cm]
Acoustic impedance: 0 to 10 Mrayl (range); 0.2 Mrayl (resolution);
0 to 3.3 Mrayl = 0.5 Mrayl, >3.3 Mrayl = 15% (accuracy)
Flexural attenuation: 0 to 2 dB/cm (range), 0.05 dB/cm (resolution), 0.01 dB/cm (accuracy)
Casing and annulus up to 3 in [7.62 cm]
Conditions simulated before logging
Bottom only, combinable with most wireline tools
Telemetry: fast transfer bus (FTB) or enhanced FTB (EFTB)
HS service
Investigation of annulus width depends on the presence of third-interface echoes. Analysis and processing beyond cement evaluation can yield additional answers through additional outputs,
including the Variable Density log of the annulus waveform and polar movies in AVI format.
Differentiation of materials by acoustic impedance alone requires a minimum gap of 0.5 Mrayl between the fluid behind the casing and a solid.
For 0.3-in [8-mm] casing thickness
Max. mud weight depends on the mud formulation, sub used, and casing size and weight, which are simulated before logging.
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Sub max. tension

Sub max. compression
Limits
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in (min. pass-through restriction: 4 in [10.16 cm])
13 in
IBCS-A: 3.375 in [8.57 cm]
IBCS-B: 4.472 in [11.36 cm]
IBCS-C: 6.657 in [16.91 cm]
IBCS-D: 8.736 in [22.19 cm]
IBCS-A sub: 2.01 ft [0.61 m]
IBCS-B sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 m]
IBCS-C sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 m]
IBCS-D sub: 1.98 ft [0.60 m]
IBCS-A sub: 16.75 lbm [7.59 kg]
IBCS-B sub: 20.64 lbm [9.36 kg]
IBCS-C sub: 23.66 lbm [10.73 kg]
IBCS-D sub: 24.55 lbm [11.13 kg]
2,250 lbf [10,000 N]
12,250 lbf [50,000 N]
for casing size depend on the sub used. Data can be acquired in casing larger than 9 in with low-attenuation mud (e.g., water, brine).
182
Cement Bond Logging Tools

Cement bond tools measure the bond
between the casing and the cement
placed in the annulus between the
casing and the wellbore. The measurement is made by using acoustic
sonic and ultrasonic tools. In the case
of sonic tools, the measurement is
usually displayed on a cement bond
log (CBL) in millivolt units, decibel
attenuation, or both. Reduction of the
reading in millivolts or increase of the
decibel attenuation is an indication of
better-quality bonding of the cement
behind the casing to the casing wall.
Factors that affect the quality of the
cement bonding are
cement job design and execution
as well as effective mud removal
compressive strength of the
cement in place
temperature and pressure
changes applied to the casing
after cementing
epoxy resin applied to the outer
wall of the casing.
SlimXtreme Sonic
LoggingTool
The SlimXtreme Sonic Logging Tool
(QSLT) is a digital sonic tool for
evaluating the cement bond quality
of cemented casing in high-pressure
and high-temperature slim holes. The
QSLT provides conventional openhole
sonic measurements, standard CBL
amplitude and Variable Density log
(VDL), and attenuation measurements, which are less affected by the
borehole environmental conditions.
The QSLT can also make a shortspacing (1-ft [0.30-m]) CBL measurement for cement evaluation in fast
formations. The two transmitters and
six receivers of the QSLT sonde have
transmitterreceiver spacings of 1,
3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 ft [0.30, 0.91, 1.07,
1.22, 1.37, and 1.52 m] to compute the
following:
standard 3-ft CBL and 5-ft VDL
measurements
borehole-compensated (BHC)
attenuation from the 3.5- and
4.5-ft-spacing receivers
near-pseudoattenuation from the
3-ft-spacing receivers
short-spacing attenuation from the
1-ft-spacing receiver for cement
bond measurement in fast formations that may affect the standard
3-ft spacing.
Cement bond log from

Digital Sonic Logging Tool
The Digital Sonic Logging Tool (DSLT)
uses the Sonic Logging Sonde (SLS)
to measure the cement bond amplitude and provide a VDL display for
evaluation of the cement bond quality of a cemented casing string. VDL
or x-y waveform display of the sonic
signal is presented in conjunction with
the bond index and amplitude signal.
The DSLT is also used in the open
borehole environment for conventional
sonic measurements of BHC (3- to 5-ft)
transit time and long-spacing
depth-derived BHC (DDBHC) (9- to
11-ft [2.74 to 3.35-m]) transit time.
DSLT
Memory Slim
CBL Tool
QSLT
SCMT
HSLT
183
Cement bond log from

Hostile Environment
Sonic Logging Tool
tool simultaneously records gamma ray,

casing collar location, pressure, temperature, and waveforms in a single pass,
with the waveforms fully digitized downhole. More than 40 h of combined tool
running time is possible, including 16 h
of continuous waveform recording time.
Depth-recording systems are available
for both hazardous and nonhazardous
environments.
The Memory Slim CBL Tool can be
run with other PS Platform production
logging tools for complete well and
reservoir evaluation in one descent.
The tools and sensors can be conveyed
in the borehole by drillpipe, coiled tubing, slickline, or unintelligent tractor.
Software for the PS Platform platform
is used to perform onsite data processing or any necessary postprocessing
and prepare the log presentation.
the zone of interest for cement evaluation. The SCMT is capable of running
through most tubings to evaluate the
casing below. In new wells the SCMT is
an excellent tool for evaluating casing
that is 758 in [19.36 cm] or less.
The SCMT features a single transmitter, two receivers spaced at 3 and
5 ft from the transmitter, and eight
segmented receivers 2 ft [0.61 m] from
the transmitter. The output of the near
(3-ft) receiver is used for CBL and
transit-time measurement. The output of the far (5-ft) receiver is used
for the VDL measurement. The eight
segmented receivers generate a radial
image of the cement bond variation.
The Hostile Environment Sonic

Logging Tool (HSLT) provides the
same measurements of the cement
bond amplitude and Variable Density
log for evaluation of the cement bond
quality of a cemented casing string as
the QSLT in standard-diameter wells
at high pressure and high temperature.
Slim Cement Mapping Tool

The Slim Cement Mapping Tool
(SCMT) is a through-tubing cement
evaluation tool combinable with the
PS Platform production logging platform
for a variety of well diagnostics. The
two sizes are 11116 in [4.29 cm] for the
standard (302 degF [150 degC]) temperature rating and 2116 in [5.24 cm]
with a 392 degF [200 degC] temperature rating. The SCMT is suitable for
running workover operations and in new
wells. SCMT operations provide a clear
advantage in workover wells because
there is no need to pull tubing above
Memory Slim Cement Bond

Logging Tool
The Memory Slim Cement Bond
Logging Tool provides through-tubing
3-ft CBL and 5-ft VDL measurements
with the same accuracy and quality as
surface-readout logs. Because of its slim
size, the 11116-in tool can be run into
the zone of interest without having to
remove the tubing from the well. The
Applications
Evaluation of cement quality
Determination of zone isolation
Location of cement top
QSLT
DSLT
HSLT
SCMT-C and SCMT-H
Memory Slim CBL Tool
Output
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL and attenuation,

1-ft [0.30-m] attenuation, 5-ft [1.52-m]
Variable Density log
3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL

With SLS-C and SLS-D: 5-ft [1.52-m]
3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [1.52-m]

3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [1.52-m]

Variable Density log, cement bond variation map
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL, 5-ft [1.52-m]

Variable Density log, gamma ray, CCL,
traveltime, cement compressive strength
Logging speed
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Vertical resolution
Near attenuation: 1 ft [0.30 m]

CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
Cement bond variation map: 2 ft [0.61 m]
CBL: Casing and cement interface

VDL: Depends on bonding and formation




None
None
None
None
None
Combinability
Part of SlimXtreme platform
Part of Xtreme platform,

Combinable with PS Platform platform
Logging through drillpipe, tubing,

and in small casing
Fast formations

and in small casing
Fast formations

and in small casing
QSLT
DSLT
HSLT
SCMT-C and SCMT-H
Memory Slim CBL Tool
Temperature rating
500 degF [260 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
SCMT-C: 302 degF [150 degC]

SCMT-H: 392 degF [200 degC]
302 degF [150 degC]
Pressure rating
30,000 psi [207 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Casing sizemin.
4 in [11.43 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
SCMT-C: 2 in [6.03 cm]

SCMT-H: 2 in [7.30 cm]
2 in [7.30 cm]
Casing sizemax.
8 in [21.91 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
7 in [19.37 cm]
7 in [19.37 cm]
Outside diameter
3 in [7.62 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
3.875 in [9.84 cm]
SCMT-C: 1.6875 in [4.29 cm]

SCMT-H: 2.06 in [5.23 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
Length
Without inline centralizer: 23 ft [7 m]

With inline centralizer: 29.9 ft [9.11 m]
With SLS-E: 20.63 ft [6.29 m]

With SLS-F: 23.81 ft [7.26 m]
25.5 ft [7.77 m]
SCMT-C: 23.45 ft [7.14 m]

SCMT-H: 28.85 ft [8.79 m]
23.45 ft [7.15 m]
Weight
270 lbm [122 kg]
With SLS-E: 313 lbm [142 kg]

With SLS-F: 353 lbm [160 kg]
440 lbm [199 kg]
SCMT-C: 100 lbm [45 kg]

SCMT-H: 162 lbm [73 kg]
100.2 lbm [45.4 kg]
Tension
13,000 lbf [57,830 N]
29,700 lbf [132,110 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
5,900 lbf [26,240 N]
5,900 lbf [26,240 N]
Compression
4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
2,870 lbf [12,270 N]
6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
150 lbf [670 N]
150 lbf [670 N]
In air
184
USI ultrasonic imager
Applications
The USI ultrasonic imager uses a single

transducer mounted on an Ultrasonic
Rotating Sub (USRS) on the bottom
of the tool. The transmitter emits
ultrasonic pulses between 200 and
700 kHz and measures the received
ultrasonic waveforms reflected from
the internal and external casing
interfaces. The rate of decay of the
waveforms received indicates the
quality of the cement bond at the
cement/casing interface, and the
resonant frequency of the casing
provides the casing wall thickness
required for pipe inspection. Because
the transducer is mounted on the
rotating sub, the entire circumference
of the casing is scanned. This 360
data coverage enables evaluation of
the quality of the cement bond as well
as determination of the internal and
external casing condition. The very
high angular and vertical resolutions
can detect channels as narrow
as 1.2 in [3.05 cm]. Cement bond,
thickness, internal and external
radii, and self-explanatory maps are
generated in real time at the wellsite.
Cement evaluation
Casing inspection
Corrosion detection and
monitoring
Detection of internal and
external damage or deformation
Casing thickness analysis for
collapse and burst pressure
calculations
185
USI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Acoustic impedance, cement bonding to casing, internal radius, casing thickness

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
Acoustic impedance: 0 to 10 Mrayl [0 to 10 MPa.s/m]
Less than 3.3 Mrayl: 0.5 Mrayl
Casing-to-cement interface
Water-base mud: Up to 15.9 lbm/galUS
Oil-base mud: Up to 11.2 lbm/galUS
Identification and orientation of narrow channels
Combinability
Exact value depends on the type of mud system and casing size.
USI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
20 in [50.80 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
19.75 ft [6.02 m]
333 lbm [151 kg]
40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
4,000 lbf [17,790 N]
Excluding the rotating sub
USI Imager Rotating Sub Mechanical Specifications

Outside diameter
Length
Weight
USRS-AB
USRS-A
USRS-B
USRS-C
USRS-D
USRS-E
USRS-F
3.41 in
[8.66 cm]
9.8 in
[24.89 cm]
7.7 lbm
[3.5 kg]
3.58 in
[9.09 cm]
9.92 in
[25.20 cm]
7.7 lbm
[3.5 kg]
4.625 in
[11.75 cm]
9.8 in
[24.89 cm]
10.6 lbm
[4.8 Kg]
6.625 in
[16.83 cm]
8.3 in
[21.08 cm]
15.0 lbm
[6.8 kg]
8.625 in
[21.91 cm]
8.3 in
[21.08 cm]
18.3 lbm
[8.3 kg]
9.39 in
[23.85 cm]
9.06 in
[23.01 cm]
17.64 lbm
[8.0 kg]
11.40 in
[28.96 cm]
9.06 in
[23.01 cm]
20.06 lbm
[9.1 kg]
Logging in 20-in casing can be acquired with low-attenuation muds (e.g., water, brine).
186
EM Pipe Scanner
Electromagnetic Casing Inspection Tool
The EM Pipe Scanner electromagnetic
casing inspection tool uses noninvasive electromagnetic measurements to
evaluate the integrity of well casings by
locating, identifying, and quantifying
damage and corrosion.
Even while running in hole, the
EM Pipe Scanner tool delivers valuable monitoring data, recording a continuous log of the average casing inner
diameter and total metal thickness
in single or double casing strings at
speeds up to 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h].
This information is used to plan the
acquisition mode of the upward pass.
For logging in single casing strings,
the EM Pipe Scanner tool can be run
in two modes: casing inspection mode
at 1,800 ft/h [548 m/h] to identify any
potential corrosion issues and then, as
required, a slower diagnostic pass to
pinpoint the exact severity and nature
of the corrosion. In both modes a lowfrequency image and high-frequency
image are produced. A detailed casing summary report (CSR) is output
for single-string casing surveys, listing
average metal loss, maximum penetration, and histograms of the data joint
by joint.
The EM Pipe Scanner tool also provides measurements to evaluate and
identify corrosion in two concentric
completion strings such as casing and
tubing. The coil section of the tool
determines the total-metal electromagnetic thickness of both strings
combined but does not resolve the
thickness of each string individually.
Combined interpretation of the lowfrequency thickness image and the
high-frequency discrimination image
enables determination of whether an
observed metal loss is from the inner
tubing wall or elsewhere.
With a slim 2.125-in [5.4-cm] diameter, the EM Pipe Scanner tool easily
passes through tubing to evaluate casing below the tubing shoe and quantify
metal loss in percentage and average ID of casing ranging from 278- to
1338-in OD. The tools pad sensors azimuthally image casing up to 958-in OD.
The tool is fluid insensitive, operating
in liquid or gas environments.
Applications
Quantitative evaluation of corrosion
damage in single casing strings
Qualitative evaluation in multiple
casing strings
Corrosion rate estimates from timelapse comparison
Identification of casing corrosion
behind tubing
Casing inspection below tubing
string
Determination of inner radius
behind scale
187
Output
Logging speed
Resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Electromagnetic thickness, casing ID, casing properties, highandlow-frequency images, corrosion summary report
Electromagnetic computed thickness (ETHK) (single and double
strings): 3,600-ft/h [1,097-m/h] inspection pass for mandrel data
Imaging (single string):
1,800-ft/h [549-m/h] standardresolution inspection pass
300-ft/h [91-m/h] highresolution diagnostic pass
Maximum metal thickness: 1.5 in [3.81 cm] at 8.75 Hz
Attenuation < 60 dB: 1%
Electromagnetic thickness: 15%
Casing ID: 0.5 in
Any borehole fluid
All PS Platform platform tools
Multiple-tool answer products
NACE compliant for HS and CO resistance
Corrosion report for single casing strings

Measurement depends on casing geometry, properties, and chrome content.
The resolution depends on the accuracy of casing electrical conductivity (sigma). The usual method is to use API specifications in a good
casing section and adjust conductivity to match the nominal value, which has a typical 12.5% range (Oil Country Tubular Goods, APISpec5CT,
Specificationfor Casing and Tubing)
Casing ID (dci) < 6 in and tool eccentered = [30% (dci 2.2 in)]
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Pad sensor arms
Max. diameter
100% image coverage
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in (ID > 2.313 in)
13 in for electromagnetic thickness
2.125 in [5.4 cm]
18 coupled
9-in casing
7-in casing
19.7 ft [6.0 m]
110 lbm [50 kg]
Fishing: 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Fishing: 3,000 lbf [13,340 N]
188
Corrosion Monitoring
UCI ultrasonic casing
imager
Applications
Casing integrity evaluation
Identification, location, and
quantification of casing corrosion
Estimated damage to casing
caused by milling, fishing, or
plasticdeformation
Internal and external metal loss
Internal and external scale buildup
Location and identification of
perforated intervals
Identification of holes in casing
Identification of casing profile
andweight changes
Identification of centralizers
andother casing anomalies
The UCI* ultrasonic casing imager

is an evolution of the USI ultrasonic
imager. The UCI imager provides all
the answers required to locate, identify, and quantify casing damage or
corrosion. The design is specifically
engineered for high-azimuthal-resolution images and detailed examination
of both the inner and outer surfaces
of casing ranging from 4 to 1338 in
[11.43 to 33.97 cm], resulting in
improved echo detection.
Full azimuthal coverage with a
2-MHz focused ultrasonic transducer
is used to analyze the reflections.
Signal arrivals are analyzed to provide
the casing thickness and surface condition images, and even small defects
on both internal and external casing
surfaces are quantified. An improved
centralization system ensures
proper centralization even in horizontal wells, and eccentering effects
are reduced through wellsite signal
correction.
189
UCI Imager
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Amplitude image, casing thickness image, internal radius image,

fluid velocity
3,000 ft/h [914 m/h]
Min. casing thickness:
In water = 0.15 in [0.38 cm]
In attenuating fluids, including oil-base mud = 0.2 in [0.51 cm]
High speed (3,000 ft/h]: 1.5 in [3.81 cm]
Internal radius: 0.04 in [1 mm]
Casing thickness: 4%
Thickness of casing
Oil-base mud: No solids
Water-base mud: Solids content < 5%
HS service
UCI Imager
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
USRS-AB: 3.41 in [8.66 cm]
USRS-A: 3.56 in [9.04 cm]
USRS-B: 4.65 in [11.81 cm]
USRS-C: 6.69 in [16.99 cm]
USRS-D: 8.66 in [22.00 cm]
40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
4,000 lbf [17,790 N]
Minimum and maximum casing sizes depend on the sub used.
190
PS Platform Multifinger
Imaging Tool
The PS Platform Multifinger Imaging
Tool (PMIT) is a multifinger caliper
tool that makes highly accurate radial
measurements of the inside diameter
of tubing and casing strings. The tool
is available in three sizes to address a
wide range of through-tubing and casing size applications.
The tool deploys an array of
hard-surfaced fingers, which accurately monitor the inner pipe wall.
Eccentricity effects are minimized by
equal azimuthal spacing of the fingers
and a special processing algorithm.
The PMIT-B and PMIT-C tools incorporate powerful motorized centralizers to ensure effective centering force
even in highly deviated intervals. The
centralizers are equipped with rollers
to prevent casing and tubing damage.
The inclinometer in the tool provides
information on well deviation and tool
rotation. The PMIT-C tool can be fitted with special extended fingers for
logging large-diameter casings. The
PMIT-A is similarly fitted with special
extended fingers for logging casing
through tubing. All versions of the
PMIT can be run in either real-time or
memory mode.
Applications
Identification and quantification
ofcorrosion damage
Identification of scale, wax,
andsolids accumulation
Monitoring of anticorrosion
systems
Location of mechanical damage
Evaluation of corrosion increase
through periodic logs
Determination of absolute inside
diameter
PMIT-C
PMIT-B
PMIT-A
191
Output
Logging speed, ft/h [m/h]

Minimum measurable
casing ID, in [cm]
Maximum measurable
casing ID, in [cm]
Vertical resolution at
1,800 ft/h [529 m/h], in [mm]
Radial resolution, in [mm]
PMIT-A
PMIT-B
PMIT-C
Internal casing image

from multiple internal
radius measurements
Standard: 1,800 [549]
Max.: 6,000 [1,829]
Standard or extended fingers: 2 [5.08]

radius measurements
Standard: 1,800 [549]
Max.: 6,000 [1,829]
3 [7.62]
Standard fingers: 4.5 [11.43]

Extended fingers: 7 [17.78]
0.082 [2.1]
7 [17.78]

radius measurements
Standard: 1,800 [549]
Max.: 6,000 [1,829]
Standard fingers: 5 [12.7]
0.167 [4.24]
0.11 [2.8]

Extended fingers: 0.007 [0.18]
5
5
5
5
Casing inside surface

None
Real time: combinable with all
PS Platform platform tools
Memory mode: stand alone

None
HS service
HS service

None
Bottom-only tool
Extra centralizers required for
casing larger than 9 in
HS service
PMIT-A
PMIT-B
PMIT-C
Temperature rating, degF [degC]
302 [150]
302 [150]
Pressure rating, psi [MPa]
15,000 [103]
15,000 [103]
Outside diameter, in [cm]
Standard or extended fingers:

1.6875 [4.29]
24
0.06 [1.5]
0.063 [1.6]
11.88 [3.62] (with centralizers)
56.5 [26] (with centralizers)
10,000 [44,480]
1,850 [8,230]
2.75 [6.99]
PMIT-CA: 302 [150]

PMIT-CB: 350 [177]
PMIT-CA: 15,000 [103]
PMIT-CB: 20,000 [138]
60
0.06 [1.52]
0.063 [1.6]
10.34 [3.15]
120 [54]
10,000 [44,480]
2,500 [11,120]
Accuracy, in [mm]
Relative bearing accuracy,
Deviation accuracy at up
to 70 deviation,
Borehole fluid limitations
Combinability
0.005 [0.13]
0.030 [0.76]

5
5
Fingers
Fingertip radius, in [mm]
Finger width, in [mm]
Length, ft [m]
Weight, lbm [kg]
Tensile strength, lbf [N]
Compressive strength, N [lbf]
40
0.05 [1.27]
0.063 [1.6]
8.86 [2.70]
87.4 [40]
10,000 [44,480]
2,500 [11,120]
192
Production
Logging
Services
Flow Scanner
Horizontal and Deviated Well
Production Logging System
The Flow Scanner horizontal and
deviated well production logging
system deploys multiple minispinners and arrays of electrical and optical probes across the vertical axis of
the wellbore, regardless of hole
deviation, to produce real-time multiphase velocity and holdup profiles.
Unlike conventional production logging tools, which are designed with
a central, single spinner for use in
vertical or nearly vertical wells, the
Flow Scanner system provides a
complete flow analysis of complex
downhole environments, including
highly deviated wells.
As the tool is run eccentralized,
against the wellbore wall, the
innovative electrical probes of the
Flow Scanner system distinguish water
and hydrocarbon holdups. The optical
probes differentiate gas from liquid
holdups to enable the three-phase
measurement. All measurements are
made simultaneously in the same
vertical depth interval. The holdup
profiles are combined with the
multiphase velocity profile calculated
from the measured phase velocities
to determine relative volumetric flow
rates in real time.
Applications
Multiphase flow profiling in
nonvertical wells
Identification of fluid and gas
entry in multiphase wells and
of liquid entry in gas wells
Detection of fluid recirculation
Stand-alone, real-time, threephase flow interpretation
Production Logging Services
195
Flow Scanner System
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Oil, gas, and water holdups; oil, gas,

and water velocities; relative bearing; caliper
1,800, 3,600, 5,400, and 7,200 ft/h
[549, 1,097, 1,646, and 2,195 m/h]
Borehole coverage: 95% in 6-in- [15.24-cm-] ID casing
Not applicable
Three-phase holdup: 10%
Velocity: 10%
Within the wellbore
Min. salinity for electrical probe measurement:
1,000 ppm at 212 degF [100 degC]
and most cased hole tools
HS service
In situ spinner calibration requires passes recorded at different logging speeds.
Flow Scanner System
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Max. tension
Max. compression
350 degF [177 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in [7.30 cm]
9 in [22.86 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
High-temperature (>302 degF [>150 degC]):
2.25 in [5.72 cm]
Flow Scanner system tool:
11.6 ft [3.54 m]
With basic measurement sonde, swivel, and head:
26.2 ft [7.99 m]
108 lbm [49 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
Min. restriction is 1.813 in [4.61 cm].
196
PS Platform
Production Services Platform
The integrated PS Platform production services platform performs in
vertical, horizontal, or any angle of borehole deviation to provide three-phase
flow profiles and production monitoring
or diagnostic information. Measurement
capability is in both real-time and
memory modes.
Three-phase flow profiles and reservoir monitoring information are provided by the following sensors in the
PS Platform platform toolstring:

Platform Basic Measurement
Sonde (PBMS) houses the gamma
ray and casing collar locator for
correlation and also measures well
pressure and temperature.
Flow-Caliper Imaging Sonde (PFCS)
measures the average fluid velocity, water and hydrocarbon holdups, and bubble counts from four
independent electrical probes. The
bubble count image is used to identify the first fluid entry. This compact sondemeasuring only 5.2 ft
[1.58 m] longprovides an integrated set of measurements for flow
rate evaluation. The position of the
sensors (only 1.3 ft [40 cm] from the
bottom of the toolstring) enables
accurate measurement even when
logging wells with a small sump.
The PFCS is also self-centering and
has several spinner and caliper settings that are easily changed at the
wellsite to adapt to the range of
tubular and hole sizes to be traversed during a survey. The tips
of the centralizer and caliper arm
can be equipped with either skids
or rollers for smooth conveyance
in both open and cased holes.
Spinner blades are available in
different sizes to log the normal
range of casing and borehole sizes.
The centralizer and caliper arm
provides an x-y measurement of
casing, tubing, or openhole diameter with a resolution of 0.04 in

[1.0 mm]. This level of sensitivity
enables the examination of corrosion or defects such as splits or
separation in tubing and casing with
one trip into the wellbore.
Gradiomanometer specific gravity
profile tool (PGMS) measures the
average density of the wellbore fluid,
from which the water, oil, and gas
holdups are derived. An accelerometer measurement provides deviation
correction for the measured fluid
density.
GHOST gas holdup optical sensor
tool uses four optical probes to measure gas and liquid holdups. The
certainty of the three-phase flow
rate determination and accuracy of
the final calculation are ensured by
the clear discrimination between
liquid and gas that GHOST tool measurements provide.
FloView holdup measurement tool
incorporates four electrical probes
that can be used to measure water
and hydrocarbon holdups and
bubble counts in conjunction with
the PFCS electrical probes for
greater borehole coverage. This
additional information is especially
useful in horizontal wells, where
flow profiles are essential for
understanding surface production.
FloView Plus holdup measurement
for highly deviated and horizontal
wells adds a FloView tool with the
electrical probes angularly offset
with respect to the primary FloView
tool in the toolstring. The FloView
Plus tool combination of two FloView
tools provides even better radial resolution that is particularly useful in
horizontal or highly deviated wells
where segregated flow is suspected.
PBMS
PGMS
PILS-A
FloView and
FloView Plus
GHOST-A
PFCS
197
PS Platform Inline Spinner (PILS) is

an optional component for measuring
bidirectional fluid velocity inside the
tubing or as a backup spinner, normally in higher flow rates.
UNIGAGE pressure gauge system

(PUCS) provides an optional high-resolution pressure measurement. This
additional measurement capability is
typically used to make transient measurements for reservoir characterization and monitoring.
SCMT slim cement mapping tool

can be run in conjunction with the
PS Platform platform for cement
bond and Variable Density logs in
casing. A radial cement map is also
available in surface-readout mode.
PS Platform Production Logging Platform
Output
Logging speed
Accuracy
Combinability
Flow rate, fluid density, pressure, temperature, water holdup, gas holdup,
caliper, relative bearing, tool acceleration
With SCMT: CBL, VDL, surface-readout radial cement map
Stationary to variable based on the application
See individual sensor listing
See individual sensor listing
Wellbore measurements
Relatively clean fluids
Combinable with SCMT tool and PS Platform Multifinger Imaging Tool (PMIT)
Conveyance on drillpipe, tubing, coiled tubing, or slickline
PS Platform Production Logging Platform
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
302 degF [150 degC]

PILS: 350 degF [177 degC]
High-temperature and memory (only PBMS, PFCS, and PGMS sensors): 374 degF [190 degC]
High-temperature and surface readout (only PBMS, PFCS, and PGMS sensors): 392 degF [200 degC]
Sapphire gauge: 10,000 psi [69 MPa]
CQG and high-pressure Sapphire gauges: 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in [6.03 cm]
PFCS caliper: 11 in [27.94 cm]
Other sensors: No limit
Without rollers: 1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
With rollers: 2.125 in [5.40 cm]
High temperature: 2.06 in [5.23 cm]
PBMS: 8.27 ft [2.52 m]
PFCS: 5.14 ft [1.57 m]
PGMS: 4.8 ft [1.46 m]
GHOST tool: 7.1 ft [2.16 m]
FloView tool: 6.8 ft [2.07 m]
PILS: 3.1 ft [0.94 m]
UNIGAGE gauge: 4.2 ft [1.28 m]
PBMS: 38.3 lbm [17.4 kg]
PFCS: 19.7 lbm [9.0 kg]
PGMS: 29.5 lbm [13.4 kg]
GHOST tool: 57.7 lbm [26.2 kg]
FloView tool: 16 lbm [7.3 kg]
PILS: 12.5 lbm [5.7 kg]
UNIGAGE gauge: 33 lbm [15 kg]
High-temperature tools include the High-Temperature Basic Measurement Sonde (HBMS) and the High-Temperature Gradio flowmeter tool (HGFT).
These two components provide the same measurements as the PBMS, PGMS, and PFCS.
Min. tubing size
The high-temperature tool (including all sensors) has a length of 23.94 ft [7.30 m] and a weight of 190.2 lbm [86.3 kg].
198
Applications
Depth correlation
Reservoir and production
monitoring
Time-lapse monitoring
Transient analysis
Short periods of multilayer testing
Cement bond evaluation

Vertical, deviated, and
horizontalwells
Combined with perforating for
immediate flow rate analysis
Stimulation evaluation
Multirate production logging
PS Platform Production Logging Component Measurement Specifications

Output
PBMS
PFCS
PGMS
GHOST Tool
Pressure (Sapphire or CQG gauge),

temperature, gamma ray, CCL
Fluid velocity, water holdup,

relative bearing, x-y dual caliper
Fluid density,
acceleration, deviation
Gas holdup, relative bearing,

average caliper
Logging speed
Based on application
Sapphire gauge: 1,000 to 10,000 psi

[6.9 to 69 MPa]
1,000 to 15,000 psi [6.9 to 103 MPa]
CQG gauge: 14.5 to 15,000 psi [0.1 to 103 MPa]
Temperature: Ambient to 302 degF [150 degC]

Caliper: 2 to 11 in [5.08 to 27.94 cm]
(diameter)
0 to 2.0 g/cm3
Gas holdup: 0 to 100%

Vertical resolution
15 in [38.10 cm]
Accuracy
Sapphire gauge: 6 psi [41,370 Pa] (accuracy),

0.1 psi [689 Pa] at 1-s gate time (resolution)
High-pressure Sapphire gauge: 13 psi [89,632Pa]
(accuracy), 0.2 psi [1,379 Pa] at 1-s gate time
(resolution)
CQG gauge: (1 psi [6,894 Pa] + 0.01% of reading)
(accuracy), 0.01 psi [69 Pa] at 1-s gate time (resolution)
Temperature: 1.8 degF [1 degC] (accuracy),
0.01 degF [0.005 degC] (resolution)
Water holdup (Hw): 5%,

2% for Hw > 90%,
10% in oil-continuous phase
Relative bearing: 6
0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy),

0.002 g/cm3 (resolution)
Gas holdup: 5%
without probe protector,
7% with probe protector,
1% for 2% < gas holdup (Hg) < 98%
Relative bearing: 6
Combinability
Combinable with SCMT tool and PMIT

Exceeds NACE MR0175 standard for HS resistance
PS Platform Production Logging Component Measurement Specifications

Output
FloView Tool
PILS
UNIGAGE Gauge
Water holdup, relative bearing,

average caliper
Fluid velocity
Pressure (quartz crystal gauge)
Logging speed
15 to 15,000 psi [0.1 to 103 MPa]
Accuracy
Water holdup: 5%, 2% for Hw > 90%,

10% in oil-continuous phase
Relative bearing: 6
1 psi [6,894 Pa] 0.01% full scale (accuracy),

0.01 psi [69 MPa] (resolution)
Combinability
Exceeds NACE MR0175 standard

for HS resistance

for HS resistance

for HS resistance
199
RSTPro
Reservoir Saturation Tool
The RSTPro reservoir saturation tool
is compatible with the surface-readout
version of the PS Platform production
logging platform. Only the production
logging capabilities of the RSTPro tool
are discussed in this section.
The primary use of the RSTPro tool
is formation evaluation behind casing.
The RSTPro tool provides measurements of the formation capture cross
section (sigma), porosity, and carbon
and oxygen in one trip in the wellbore. This data combination is useful
for water saturation evaluation in old
wells in which modern openhole logs
have not been run.
WFL water flow log from

the RSTPro reservoir
saturation tool
The WFL water flow log is used to locate
and evaluate axial water migration
behind pipe, measure the velocity of
water flow in both production wells
and water injection wells, and collect
critical data on internal or behind-pipe
crossflow between zones.
The RSTPro tool can be configured

for WFL flow measurement of both
upward and downward flow, inside
casing and behind pipe. This adaptability enables the diagnosis of any
flow condition. The tool measures the
phase velocity of water. In a producing
well it measures the velocity of water
independent of other produced fluids;
however, the accuracy of the water
velocity measurement is decreased if
the ratio of the volume of water to
other produced fluids is low. The phase
velocity inside casing can be converted
to a quantitative measurement of production or injection (i.e., barrels per
day or cubic meters per day).
Applications
Detection and quantification of
water flowing in cement channels
Identification of water flow in the
annulus between tubing and casing
Independent measurement
ofwater velocity in casing
RSTPro Tool for WFL Water Flow Log
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
RST-C
RST-D
Velocity of water flowing inside the borehole

or outside the casing
Stationary measurements
3 to 210 ft/min [0.9 to 64 m/min] for
4.9-in [12.45-cm] ID casing
Depends on water velocity
5%
For flow behind casing: 6 in [15.24 cm]
None
Combinable with additional gamma ray sensor,
PS Platform platform tools (only surface readout),
and CPLT tool
Inverted RSTPro tool measures downward flow inside
the borehole or outside the casing
HS service
200
RSTPro tool with

silica activation
The RSTPro reservoir saturation
tool with silica activation can be run
with the surface-readout version of
the PS Platform platform to provide
information for evaluating the quality
of gravel-pack placement before
placing the well on production. The
gamma ray detectors use the nuclear
reaction response of silica to neutron
bombardment to identify the location

of gravel-pack sand behind the screen.
If holes or gaps are found in the pack
placement, a remedy can be applied
inexpensively during this phase of the
completion. If the gravel-pack sand was
not placed behind the screen to the
proper height, the job can continue
until it is. A second pass of the RSTPro
tool with silica activation can then verify
proper placement for a successful job.
Applications
Proper placement of gravel-pack
sand
Identification of holes or gaps
inthe sand pack
Efficient pack correction
RSTPro Tool with Silica Activation
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Combinability
Silica-activated gamma ray curve, images of sand placement and deficiencies

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
15 in [38 cm]
10 in [25 cm]
None
Combinable with PS Platform platform (only surface readout), CPLT tool, gamma ray
HS service
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
RST-C
RST-D
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
11316 in [4.60 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
1.71 in [4.34 cm]
23.0 ft [7.01 m]
101 lbm [46 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
3 in [7.62 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
2.51 in [6.37 cm]
22.2 ft [6.76 m]
208 lbm [94 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
201
CPLT
Combinable Production Logging Tool
The CPLT combinable production
logging tool provides a production
profile for a producing wellbore. The
profile includes measurements of the
flow rate, fluid density, temperature,
and in situ pressure in the wellbore.
A three-arm caliper can be included
when the CPLT toolstring is run in

open hole. Other uses of the CPLT
tool include monitoring the profile of
injection fluids into an injection well
and determining the existence of fluid
channeling behind casing.
CPLT Tool
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Flow rate, fluid density, temperature, pressure, caliper

Stationary to variable based on application
Density: 0 to 2 g/cm3
Pressure: 0 to 10,000 psi [0 to 69 MPa]
Spinner, temperature, pressure, and caliper:
Spinner: 0.1 rps
Density: 0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy), 0.004 g/cm3 (resolution)
Temperature: 1.8 degF [1 degC] (accuracy),
0.011 degF [0.006 degC] (resolution)
Pressure: 10 psi [0.07 MPa] (accuracy),
0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution)
Borehole measurement only
None
Combinable with most production logging services
HS service
CPLT Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
12532-in [4.52-cm] seating nipple
18 in [45.72 cm]
With Continuous Flowmeter Sonde CFS-H: 1.6875 in [4.29cm]
With CFS-J: 2.125 in [5.40 cm]
With CFS-K: 2.875 in [7.30 cm]
Basic tool body: 15.2 ft [4.6 m]
Basic tool body: 75 lbm [34 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
202
Combinable
Gamma Ray Sonde
The Combinable Gamma Ray Sonde
(CGRS) performs both through-tubing
and -casing gamma ray correlation.
The result is accurate posi
tioning
of various production logging tools
on depth with openhole logs. The
CGRS is also used as a third gamma
ray detector in combination with the
RSTPro reservoir saturation tool to
detect high-velocity water movement.
Application
Accurate depth correlation
CGRS
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Gamma ray activity

Up to 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
0 to 2,000 gAPI
12 in [30.48 cm]
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
Combinable with CPLT tool, RSTPro tool
HS service
CGRS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
11316 in [4.60 cm]
No limit
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
3.2 ft [0.97 m]
16 lbm [7 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
203
Phase Velocity Sonde

The Phase Velocity Sonde (PVS) is a
production logging tool used in conjunction with the RSTPro reservoir
saturation tool to measure the velocity of two separate phases (water and
oil) in a flowing horizontal or highly
deviated well. A chemical marker with
a high thermal neutron absorption
cross section (sigma) that is miscible only with the phase of interest
is injected into the borehole. The
passage of the marker downstream
is detected by the borehole sigma
measurement of the RSTPro tool. The
PVS is capable of measuring upflow
or downflow depending on where it is
placed in the toolstring with respect
to the RSTPro tool. The fluid velocity
is determined from the ejection-todetector distance and travel time.

These data are essential for determination of the volume of water, oil, or
both fluids flowing in the wellbore.
This provides a basis for determining
the flowing profile of a well at downhole conditions in comparison with
individual-fluid production at surface
conditions. The PVS main module can
be combined with an auxiliary module to provide an additional chemical
marker reservoir for long jobs.
Application
Downhole measurement of a PVL
phase velocity log
PVS
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
PVL phase velocity log

Stationary
Phase velocity: 4 to 500 ft/min [1.2 to 152 m/min]
Depends on ejectordetector spacing
5%
Borehole
Produced or injected fluids
PS Platform production services platform
(only surface readout)
204
PVS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Marker fluid ejection
302 degF [150 degC]

5,000, 10,000, or 15,000 psi [34, 69, or 103 MPa]
2 in [6.03 cm]
9 in [22.86 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
Main and auxiliary modules: 22.39 ft [6.82 m]
Main module: 12.9 ft [3.93 m]
Optional auxiliary module: 9.44 ft [2.88 m]
Main module: 57.7 lbm [26.2 kg]
Auxiliary module: 45.5 lbm [20.6 kg]
5,000-psi [34-MPa] rating: 12,650 lbf [56,270 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
Reservoir volume: 400 cm3 (main), 400 cm3 (auxiliary)
Ejection volume: 10 cm3 1 cm3 (standard),
15 cm3 1.5 cm3 (optional)
Ejection duration: 250 ms (max.)
Ejection recycle time for metering piston: 1 min
Min. tubing size
205
FloView
Holdup Measurement Tool
The FloView tool is used to determine
the percentage of the heavy phase,
normally water, in the flow stream
downhole. The tool also measures the
bubble count of the light phase, either
gas or oil, in the flow stream. This
measurement is used to calculate the
velocity of the light phase, if in bubble
form, at the point of measurement
(i.e., the intrinsic velocity) and is
independent of the velocity measured
by propeller flowmeters.
Applications
Accurate water holdup
First oil-entry detection
From bubble count
Works at high water cut
First water-entry detection for
water shutoff (at low water cut)
Caliper measurement
Differentiation of fresh and
injected waters
FloView Tool
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Valid
Bubble count, water holdup, caliper

Stationary to variable based on application
Water holdup (Hw): 5% (2% for Hw > 90%)
Relative oil flow rate: 20%
Borehole measurement
Min. salinity of all wellbore fluids:
700 ppm at 302 degF [150 degC]
Gamma ray, CPLT tool
HS service
for bubble size greater than 0.08 in [2 mm] and deviation less than 30
FloView Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
302 degF [150 degC]

DEFT-A and DEFT-AB: 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
DEFT-B: 10,000 psi [69 MPa]
2 in [5.08 cm]
9 in [22.86 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
DEFT-A and DEFT-AB: 6.75 ft [2.06 m]
DEFT-B: 6.08 ft [1.85 m]
16 lbm [7 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
206
Multiple-Isotope
Spectroscopy Tool
The Multiple-Isotope Spectroscopy Tool
(MIST) discriminates between isotopes
that emit gamma rays to provide a clear
analysis of multistage stimulation at
the wellsite. The tool detects gamma
ray energies through 14 energy windows
that range from 180 to 3,000keV. The
related counts and energy levels are
integrated by the wellsite computer
and used to identify the source isotope.
Isotope identification by the MIST log is
virtually immediate. Using laboratoryderived standard spectra, the detector
also discriminates between isotopes
in the formation and isotopes in the
wellbore.
Because the MIST tool discriminates between radioisotopes, it is
used to track downhole processes that
can be tagged with different isotopes.

An important example is formation
fracture evaluation. If the pad fluid
and each proppant stage are tagged
with different isotopes, a single wireline run can log both the extent of the
fracture and the degree of proppant
placement. The real-time availability
of the MIST log at the wellsite means
that the evaluation is conducted
immediately.
Applications
Single-pass analysis of multiple
fracture jobs
Background-corrected analysis
ofmultiple fracture jobs
MIST
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Combinability
Elemental spectra from individual tracer isotopes

1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
6 in [15.24 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
None
Gamma ray, CCL, CPLT tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
MIST-A
MIST-B
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
2 in [6.98 cm]
12 in [30.48 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
14.3 ft [4.36 m]
60 lbm [27 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
3 in [7.62 cm]
12 in [30.48 cm]
2 in [5.08 cm]
14.3 ft [4.36 m]
60 lbm [27 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
207
Perforating
Services and
Accessories
SPAN Rock
Stressed-Rock Perforating Analysis
and Schlumberger Premium Charges
SPAN Rock* stressed-rock perforating
analysis is used to specify the optimal
gun system and charges to deliver the
best productivity from a completion.
Simple yet comprehensive modeling
guides the user down a logical path for
perforation design and the prediction
of well productivity. Input parameters
include casing, cement, and rock properties; wellbore geometry (orientation
and accommodating up to five concentric casing strings); and completion
fluid characteristics. These are matched
with performance and positioning data
for the gun system and charge to predict
perforating performance. Skin can be
analyzed solely as perforation skin or as
the total skin effect.
The resulting accurate prediction of
downhole shaped charge penetration
by SPAN Rock analysis is based on
a unique model built from length
measurements of thousands of shaped
charge perforation tunnels in stressed
rock. Whereas conventional API RP
19B performance testing shoots shaped
charges into rock samples or concrete
at surface conditions, the SPAN Rock
data are measured using pressure

vessels to confine rock at reservoir
stress conditions. Strong to weak rocks,
sandstones and carbonates, high- and
low-stress conditions, and different
sizes and generations of shaped charges
have been tested to ensure that the
broadest possible range of conditions
isquantified.
PowerJet Nova extradeep

penetrating shaped charges
Recent stressed-rock research has
acquired test data at extreme values
of rock strength for the development
of PowerJet Nova* extradeep penetrating shaped charges, the deepest
penetrating charge in the industry.
The PowerJet Nova family of shaped
PowerJet Nova Shaped Charge Performance Summary

Gun Size,
in
Shot Density,
spf, and
Phasing,
PowerJet Nova
Charge
Max. Explosive
Load, g
Entrance
Hole, in
Stressed-Rock
Penetration,
in
Stressed-Rock
Penetration
Improvement, %
6, 60
2006
7.3
0.23
11.5
2.5
6, 60
2506
14
0.33
13.8
6, 60
2906
16.9
0.38
3.125
6, 60
3106
25.9
3.375
6, 60
3406
19.9
4.5
12, 135/45
4512
4.5
5, 72
12, 135/45
2.88
Max. Diameter, in
Shotin
Liquid
Shotin
Gas
21.1
2.29
2.31
25.3
2.78
15.4
26.7
3.16
3.32
0.37
16.8
25.9
3.57
0.40
17.2
19.9
3.66
3.73
20.5
0.36
8.6
26.5
4.91
4505
45
0.40
13.1
41.0
4.74
4505
45
0.41
12.7
44.7
7.28
Improvement

over previous-generation equivalent deep penetrating shaped charge
Penetration in Berea sandstone with 8,200-psi uniaxial compressive strength, 5,000-psi axial and radial confining pressure, and 0-psi pore pressure
Penetration in Crab Orchard sandstone with 22,094-psi uniaxial compressive strength, 5,000-psi confining pressure, and 0-psi pore pressure
Not rated for gas
Perforating Services and Accessories
211
charges is exclusively designed to penetrate reservoir rock and is the first

shaped charge in the industry that has
been extensively tested in this environment. API RP 19B Section 1 performance data and stressed-rock testing
document the significant penetration
increases delivered by PowerJet Nova
shaped charges. This performance
translates into up to 50% more formation contact for more effective stimulation treatments, increased drainage
contact, and greater productivity.
PowerJet Nova charges are available for the PURE* clean perforations
system for clean perforations as well
as the current wireline and TCP gun
systems, with conveyance on wireline,
slickline, TCP, coiled tubing, tractor,
and permanent completions.
The PowerJet Omega shaped

charge is used with the PURE clean
perforations system and is available
for 2- to 7-in HSD high shot density
perforating gunsystems.
PFrac Nova perforating

charge for optimizing
stimulation treatment
Applications
Production or injection wells
Damaged formations
Formations requiring reservoir
stimulation
Stressed rocks
All phases: oil, water, gas
The PFrac Nova* charges are the latest generation of PFrac* perforating
charges. PFrac Nova charges are ideal
for hydraulic fracturing operations in
unconventional reservoirs, improving
perforation tunnel geometry for the
subsequent application of treatments
and delivering premium penetration
in tight formations. Perforation performance has been verified through
stressed-rock test shots.
PowerJet Omega deep

penetrating perforating
shaped charge
PowerFlow slug-free big

hole shaped charge
PowerJet Omega* shaped charges

increase penetration depth on average
by 20% compared with the performance
of previous-generation shaped charges.
With performance verified through API
RP 19B, this deeper penetration translates to increased well productivity or
injectivity. Because PowerJet Omega
shaped charges maintain deep penetration at high shot density, more
natural fractures can be intersected.
PowerFlow* slug-free big hole shaped

charges are designed deliver the largest
possible area open to flow. Perforating
debris can be further limited by
employing INsidr* perforating shock
and debris reduction technology, which
restricts the charge case from breaking
when the gun is fired. This debris is too
large to exit the gun body, which is highly
practical for perforating operations in
horizontal or highly deviated wells.
212
Perforating Explosives
The explosives used for well perforating
are designed mainly for different ranges
of well temperatures. Cyclotrimethylene
trinitramine (RDX) explosives are used
for standard applications, whereas
hexanitrostilbene (HNS) explosives may
be used in environments up to 500 degF
[260 degC]. The temperature rating of
an explosive is also dependent on the
time of exposure to that temperature.
Explosives must be selected on the
basis of the well temperature and the
expected duration of exposure.
Temperature Rating of Explosive Systems

Hollow Carrier Systems Only
700
371
600
315
500
SX2
260
Temperature, 400
degF
HNS
204
300
HMX
149
200
RDX
93
100
10
100
Time, h
1,000
90 days
Temperature,
degC
37
10,000
Contact your Schlumberger representative for high-temperature

and long-duration operations falling in the shaded area.
Exceeding the temperature rating leads to reduced performance
followed by burning (all explosives) and possible autodetonation
(RDX and HMX explosives).
213
Gun Systems and Charges
Pivot Gun
Modern perforating technology has

evolved from simple holes in the casing to engineered, objective-oriented
services adapted to achieve sophisticated and versatile completion designs.
Perforating is now used to optimize permanent completions, temporary completions such as DSTs, and workovers.
Along with services such as hydraulic fracturing, sand management,
extended-reach and horizontal wells,
completion fluids engineering, and well
testing, perforating has become indispensable for improving productivity.
Gun systems and charges must meet
the demand for the increased hole
size and penetration required to optimize productivity. The key to improved
perforating performance is synergy
between the gun and charge designs.
Schlumberger provides a wide range
of perforating charges, gun systems,
and detonating techniques to address
a comprehensive range of applications.
Gun and charge performance in
the downhole environment is critical
to the success of well completion.
Schlumberger perforation equipment
is qualified to American Petroleum
Institute (API) Recommended Prac
tice (RP) 19B Section 1.
Capsule gun systems
Enerjet
Capsule guns are exposed gun systems,

with the individual charges packed into
pressure-tight capsules that are exposed
to the well environment. Capsule guns
are typically used in through-tubing
perforation applications.
The two types of capsule gun systems are expendable (the charges and
mounting assembly are left as debris
after firing) and retrievable (debris is
left, but the mounting is recovered for
use where debris is a concern). The
latter design is also called semiexpendable. Some capsule gun systems
have a selectivity option that allows

shooting more than one zone per run.
Deployment is on electric wireline
cable, although some systems can also
be run on slickline.
Enerjet expendable strip

gun system
The Enerjet* expendable strip gun system provides deep penetrating charges
in either nonphased or various phasing
configurations. The gun systems are
available as retrievable or expendable
and in sizes from 1.63 to 2.5 in [4.14 to
6.35 cm].
Pivot Gun through-tubing

perforating gun system
The high-performance Pivot Gun*
wireline through-tubing gun systems
are ideal for workover reperforating or
shooting past deep formation damage.
The running-in-hole gun diameter
is only 11116 in [4.29 cm], but once
the gun is below the tubing, the
charges are rotated outward to
produce an effective gun diameter of
3.79 in [9.63 cm]. The penetration
produced by the Pivot Gun system
is deeper than that of other
similar-sized guns.
An important Pivot Gun feature is
its Safe Arming/Deployment Verifi
cation Circuit. This circuit prevents
the gun from being armed and fired
until the charges are fully rotated
outward from the gun carrier by the
deployment head and rods. Another
key feature is that an unfired deployed
gun can be retrieved. The charges
rotate back into the carrier as the gun
enters the tubing muleshoe (wireline
reentry guide).
214
PowerSpiral spiral-phased
capsule perforating system
The PowerSpiral* spiral-phased
perforating system is a retrievable
capsule perforating gun designed for
through-tubing wireline operations. It
is available in 11116-, 218-, and 2-in
[4.29-, 5.40-, and 6.35-cm] sizes. The
technological breakthrough provided
by the PowerSpiral guns is a shockabsorbing material between the
charges. This material attenuates shock
Applications
waves during the detonation, which

reduces charge-to-charge interference
and also minimizes shock waves in the
wellbore. This reduction is significant
because it increases the performance
of shots across the wellbore. With
features including multiple phasing,
high shot density, and use of PowerJet*
deep penetrating shaped charges,
the PowerSpiral system generates
perforations capable of the highest well
productivity for its size.
Through-tubing perforation
Deep penetration
Rigless perforation or reperforation
Capsule (Exposed) Guns Performance and Mechanical Dana Summary

Gun Size,
in
Exposed Gun System
Shot
Density,
spf
Phasing,
Charge
API RP 19B Section 1

Penetration, Entrance Area
in
Hole, in
Open
to Flow,
in2/ft
Temperature
Rating for
1 h, degF
Maximum
Explosive
Load, g
Maximum
Pressure
Rating, psi
Minimum
Restriction,
in
Debris Fill per Charge Maximum

in 412-, 5-, and 7-in
Gun Length,
ft
Casing, in
11116-in
PowerPivot*
180
PP, HMX
28.4
0.35
365
22
12,000
1.78
0.85/0.48/0.33
15
11116-in
Retrievable Power
Enerjet
Biphased Retrievable
Power Enerjet
PE, HMX
21.6
0.2
365
20,000
1.78
0.13/0.08/0.06
50
45
Ph PE, HMX
14.6
0.26
365
20,000
1.78
0.16/0.10/0.07
35
30
11116-in
11116-in
PowerSpiral
7.5
45
PowerSpiral EJ, HMX
19.5
0.22
365
20,000
1.78
0.15/0.09/0.07
218-in
PowerSpiral
45
PowerSpiral EJ, HMX
27.2
0.32
365
14.5
15,000
2.25
0.18/0.14/0.07
30
218-in
Triphased Expendable
Big Hole
0, 45
EJ BH, HMX
8.1
0.47
1.04
330
15
15,000
2.25
0.23/0.15/0.10
30
212-in
PowerSpiral
45
PowerSpiral EJ, HMX
36.6
0.39
365
25.6
15,000
2.62
0.65/0.47/0.28
30
Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative for further information.
Other shot densities and phasings are available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation systems to meet specific needs.
Blue type identifies API 19B Registered Perforation Systems; unofficial API data is listed for the other systems.
215
Hollow carrier perforating

gun systems
Fractal multistage stimulation

perforating system
Hollow carrier gun systems are engineered systems in which the shaped
charges are housed in a pressure-tight
steel tube and are not exposed to well
fluids. For gun ODs of 2in and larger,
hollow carrier guns perform better than
exposed guns because they can use
larger charges (deep penetrating, big
hole, and good hole), optimized phasing, and increased shot density. Hollow
carrier guns are also used when debris
is unacceptable and in hostile conditions that preclude the use of exposed
guns. These guns are typically wireline
conveyed and can be fired selectively.
HSD high shot density

perforating gun system
The HSD high shot density perforating
gun system features increased shot
density, optimal phasing patterns, and
the largest high-performance charges
available for natural, stimulated, or
sand control completions. Available in
sizes ranging from 1.56 to 7 in [3.96
to 17.78 cm] for application in all
casing sizes, HSD guns use expendable,
retrievable carriers, and they run on
wireline, slickline, tubing, or coiled
tubing. Multiple guns can be aligned
with alignment intercarriers.
The high shot densities range from
4 spf for the 1.56-in gun up to 27 spf
for the 7-in guns. The helical shot pattern available in all gun sizes provides
the smallest vertical spacing between
shots and optimizes the phasing
pattern for maximizing productivity and retaining casing strength.
Shot spacing can be varied on request.
The Fractal* perforating system reengineers the conventional perforating

gun to create a fit-for-purpose modular design that significantly improves
the safety, reliability, and efficiency of
multistage perforating operations. The
Fractal system is available in multiple
gun sizes and lengths, from 1 to 5 ft [0.3
to 1.5 m] with up to 40 guns in a single
descent.
Electrically prewired at the manufacturing center, the Fractal perforating system requires only minimal
assembly on location. All components,
including either an RF-safe or conventional initiation system, are supplied in
plug-and-play subassemblies.
Because the disposable Fractal
system incorporates pressure barriers
integrated with the electrical connections, it does not require redressable
intergun adaptersevery perforating run uses new components, which
reduces rig-up height while improving
efficiency and reliability.
Applications
Multistage fracture stimulation
Coalbed methane (CBM) wells
Limited-entry acid stimulation
Frac Gun multistage fracture

stimulation perforating
gunsystem
The Frac Gun* perforating system is
engineered for slimhole casing operations in wells requiring fracture stimulation. The 2-in [5.08-cm] Frac Gun
system also has applications in completions where downhole restrictions
limit gun size, including through tubing, dual completion, monobore, and
extended reach. The 3.12-in [7.93-cm]
Frac Gun system has additional applications in sand control operations and
CBM wells.
Fracture stimulation requires 60
(or 120) phased guns that produce a
large entrance hole size. To best execute
fracture designs, the FracGun system
can be loaded with either the big hole
or deep penetrating charges used with
HSD high shot density gun systems.
The guns are conveyed with wireline
or slickline. The gun intercarriers
feature a push-in connector, allowing
faster operation than comparable
systems. The plug and shoot adapter
of the 3.12in FracGun system makes
it possible to set a plug and shoot
multiple guns in the same descent.
Applications
Wells requiring fracture stimulation
2-in Frac Gun system: completions
with downhole restrictions
3.12-in Frac Gun system: sand
control operations
3.12-in Frac Gun system: CBM wells
Applications

Deep penetrating perforations

Big hole perforating
Sand control
Perforating for fracturing
216
High Shot Density Perforating Systems Performance and Mechanical Data Summary
Gun Size,
in
Shot
Density,
spf
Phasing, Charge

Penetration, Entrance
Maximum
in
Hole, in
Explosive
Load, g
Weight of Loaded Maximum Diameter Maximum Diameter

20-ft Gun in
Including Burrs,
Including Burrs,
Air (without
Shot in Liquid, in
Shot in Gas, in
adapters), lbm
Deep Penetration Shaped Charges

1.56-in HSD
60
PowerJet 1606, HMX
11.3
0.17
3.5
76
1.72
1.75
2-in HSD
60
PowerJet Omega 2006, HMX
21.8
0.22
7.3
123
2.29
2.31
2-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2006, HNS
15.3
0.22
123
2.16
2.21
2-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2006, HMX
18.7
0.23
6.5
123
2.16
2.21
214-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2306, HMX
17.7
0.3
8.7
155
2.46
2.48
214-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2306, HNS
15.7
0.27
9.5
155
2.46
2.48
212-in HSD
60
30.6
0.32
12
171
2.78
212-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2506, HNS
16.7
0.3
13.5
174
2.66
2.75
212-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2506, HMX
24.4
0.31
10.5
176
2.66
2.75
278-in HSD
60
36.0
0.34
16
246
3.16
3.32
278-in HSD
60
PowerJet Omega 2906, HNS
24.3
0.31
17.6
249
3.16
3.32
278-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2906, HMX
25.3
0.38
15
245
2.98
3.08
278-in HSD
60
PowerJet 2906, HNS
21.0
0.31
19.5
239
2.96
3.08
318-in HSD
60
36.9
0.34
20
301
3.57
318-in Frac Gun
60
37.5
0.38
17.9
280
3.50
338-in HSD
60
PowerJet 3406, HMX
36.5
0.37
22.7
334
3.66
338-in HSD
60
PowerJet 3406, HNS
28.8
0.31
25
335
3.66
338-in OrientXact*
10
PowerJet OX 3505, HMX
37.7
0.34
22.5
564
na
3.78
312-in HSD
72
44.2
0.44
27
370
3.72
312-in HSD
72
33.7
0.32
28
374
3.72
4-in HSD
72
51.7
0.48
38.8
496
4.44
4-in HSD
0/180
PowerJet 4006, HMX
36.5
0.46
26.0
425
na
4.37
412-in HSD
72
59.2
0.43
38.8
504
4.74
412-in HSD
72
PowerJet 4505, HMX
46.4
0.47
38.6
504
4.74
412-in HSD
12
135/45
34.0
0.35
22
495
4.91
412-in HSD
12
135/45
PowerJet 4512, HMX
30.2
0.34
22
495
4.91
412-in OrientXact
10
PowerJet OX 4504, HMX
43.8
0.29
38.8
568
4.74
4.77
4.72-in HSD
72
44.4
0.36
38.8
606
4.95
5.16
4.72-in HSD
72
PowerJet 4505, HMX
48.3
0.51
38.6
606
4.95
5.16
4.72-in HSD
72
PowerJet 4505, HNS
34.4
0.4
38
623
4.95
5.16
4.72-in HSD
12
135/45
PowerJet 4512, HNS
22.8
0.31
22.5
610
4.99
5.16
4.72-in HSD
21
120/60
PowerJet 4521, HMX
21.0
0.32
15
665
4.93
7-in HSD
12
135/45
62.0
0.46
38.8
1,168
7.28
7-in HSD
12
135/45
PowerJet 4505, HMX
43.6
0.44
38.6
1,169
7.05
7-in HSD
27
120/60
35.5
0.29
20
1,110
7.05
Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of

the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative
for further information. Other shot densities and phasings are
available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation
systems to meet specific needs.
na = not available
Blue type identifies API 19B Registered Perforation Systems; unofficial API data
is listed for the other systems.
Available in 338-, 312-, and 3.67-in perforating systems
Available in 312-in perforating systems
Available in 412-, 458-, 4.72-, and 5-in perforating systems

Available in 4.72-in perforating systems rated for high pressure
217
Performance and Mechanical Data Summary

Gun Size,
in
Shot
Density,
spf
Phasing, Charge

Penetration, Entrance
Maximum
in
Hole, in
Explosive
Load, g
Weight of Loaded Maximum Diameter Maximum Diameter

20-ft Gun in Air
Including Burrs, Shot Including Burrs,
(without adapters), in Liquid, in
Shot in Gas, in
lbm
Good Hole Shaped Charges

2-in HSD
60
UltraJet* 2006, RDX
14.7
0.28
6.5
123
2.17
2.23
2-in HSD
60
HyperJet* 2006, RDX
9.6
0.33
6.5
122
2.16
2.21
212-in HSD
60
HyperJet 2506, RDX
13.1
0.43
10.5
176
2.66
2.75
278-in HSD
60
UltraJet 2906, HMX
22.1
0.36
15
245
2.98
3.08
278-in HSD
60
HyperJet 2906, RDX
15.0
0.39
15
245
2.98
3.08
318-in Frac Gun
60
PFrac Omega* 3106, RDX
32.7
0.40
22.5
280
3.50
318-in Frac Gun
60
PFrac 3106, RDX
24.9
0.44
22.5
280
3.50
318-in HSD
60
34JL UltraJet, HMX
24.0
0.41
22.7
286
3.57
318-in HSD
90
UltraPack* 3106, RDX
16.2
0.4
9.2
185
3.14
3.22
338-in HSD
60
UltraJet 3406, HMX
31.4
0.44
22.7
335
3.66
3.7
338-in HSD
60
HyperJet 3406, RDX
22.5
0.49
22.7
335
3.66
3.7
4-in HSD
90
UltraPack 4004, RDX
18.7
0.43
12.4
265
4.09
4.37
412-in HSD
72
UltraJet 4505, HMX
42.6
0.46
38.3
485
4.74
412-in HSD
72
HyperJet 4505, RDX
37.0
0.57
38.8
487
4.74
5-in HSD
135/45
UltraJet 5008, RDX
20.2
0.54
24
620
5.19
5.22
7-in HSD
12
135/45
UltraJet 4505, HMX
39.9
0.45
38.3
1,123
7.05
7-in HSD
12
135/45
HyperJet 4505, RDX
37.0
0.57
37
1,128
7.05
Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the
data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative for further
information. Other shot densities and phasings are available; Schlumberger
also custom designs perforation systems to meet specific needs.
Available in 412-, 458-, and 4.72-in systems
Performance and Mechanical Data Summary

Gun Size,
in
Shot
Phasing,
Density,
spf
Charge

Maximum Weight of
Penetration, Entrance Area Open to Explosive Loaded 20-ft Gun
2
Load, g
in Air (without
in
Hole, in
Flow, in /ft
adapters), lbm
Maximum
Diameter
Including Burrs,
Shot in Liquid, in
Maximum
Diameter
Including Burrs,
Shot in Gas, in
2.21
Big Entrance Hole Shaped Charges

2-in HSD
60
PowerFlow 2006, HMX
4.5
0.45
0.95
6.4
119
2.16
214-in HSD
60
PowerFlow 2306, HMX
4.8
0.52
1.27
149
2.46
2.48
212-in HSD
60
PowerFlow 2506, HMX
5.2
0.64
1.93
11.2
151
2.66
2.75
278-in HSD
60
38C CleanPACK*, HMX
6.6
0.7
2.31
15
231
3.09
3.2
278-in HSD
60
38C CleanPACK, RDX
8.4
0.62
1.18
15
231
3.09
3.2
318-in HSD
10
135/45
PowerFlow 3412, HMX
4.7
0.67
3.53
14.2
259
3.34
338-in HSD
12
135/45
PowerFlow 3412, HMX
4.5
0.64
3.86
14.2
339
3.52
3.58
4-in HSD
120
PowerFlow 5008, RDX
6.3
0.95
3.55
30
414
4.19
412-in HSD
120
PowerFlow 5008, RDX
0.93
4.08
30
437
4.74
120/60
120/60
PowerFlow 4621, RDX

PowerFlow 4621, HMX
5.9
6.1
0.83
0.83
11.3
11.3
19
19.4
555
555
4.82
4.82
458-in HSD Bigshot 21* 21

458-in HSD Bigshot 21 21
4.72-in HSD Bigshot 21 21
120/60
PowerFlow 4621, RDX
5.4
0.73
8.8
19
596
na
4.72-in HSD Bigshot 21
21
120/60
PowerFlow 4721 Zinc, RDX
5.4
0.73
8.79
19
596
4.82
4.72-in HP HSD
20
120/60
PowerFlow 4621 Extreme, HMX
5.38
0.60
5.65
18
778
4.90
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
PowerFlow Max* 6618, HMX
0.94
12.5
38.8
1,606
6.94
658-in HP HSD,
18
120/60
PowerFlow Max 6618, HMX
6.2
0.86
10.5
38.8
1,606
6.94
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
7.8
0.96
13
38.8
1,352
6.89
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
7.3
0.9
11.5
38.8
1,352
6.89
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
CleanPack Max* 6618, HMX
7.4
0.87
10.7
37.8
1,290
6.87
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
CleanPack Max 6618, HMX
6.5
0.73
7.5
37.8
1,290
6.87
658-in HP HSD
18
120/60
PowerFlow 6618, HMX
6.8
0.91
11.7
34
1,426
6.73
7-in HSD
18
120/60
PowerFlow 7018, RDX
7.4
1.15
18.7
45
1,236
7.13
7-in HSD
18
120/60
PowerFlow 7018, HMX
7.1
1.14
18.53
49.5
1,236
7.13
7-in HSD
14
140/20
58C UltraPack, RDX
12.2
0.95
9.92
61
1,234
7.27
7-in HSD
12
135/45
64C CleanPACK, RDX
10.1
1.13
11.41
59
1,184
7.75
7-in HP HSD
18
120/60
PowerFlow 6618, HMX
6.0
0.66
6.16
34
1,441
7.10
7-in HP HSD
18
120/60
7.8
0.93
12.22
38.8
1,735
7.20
Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of

the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative
for further information. Other shot densities and phasings
are available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation
systems to meet specific needs.
na = not available
HP = high pressure
Available in 458- and 4.72-in perforating systems
7.0-in 38-lbm/ft Q125 heavy-wall casing
INsidr technology for gun shock control and low-debris applications

978-in 62.8-lbm/ft Q125 heavy-wall casing
1018-in 79.22-lbm/ft Q125 heavy-wall casing
218
PURE
Clean Perforations System
The job design basis of the PURE
clean perforations system for clean
perforations minimizes or eliminates
perforation damage by optimizing the
wells dynamic underbalance, which
is the transient underbalance that
occurs immediately after creation
of the perforation cavity. Whereas
conventional perforating design fails
to account for the dynamic period
immediately following detonation,
the PURE system incorporates
consideration of the gun design and
completion characteristics unique
to the job to achieve and control
the desired condition of dynamic
underbalance at the time the guns
fire. Dynamic underbalance cleans
perforations much more effectively
than conventional underbalanced or
overbalanced perforating methods.
The PURE system also accounts
for impacts on perforation tunnel
permeability from the time of
perforating until either injection
or production begins. The resulting
clean, permeable perforations enable
better injectivity or productivity than
in wells completed with traditional
techniques.
The PURE clean perforations system uses the Schlumberger premier
family of PowerJet deep penetrating
shaped charge technology, including
the newest PowerJetNova extradeep
penetrating shaped charge, which is
the deepest penetrating charge in

the industry. Exclusively designed to
penetrate reservoir rock, PowerJet
Nova charges deliver significant penetration increases that translate into
up to 50% more formation contact
than the performance of previousgeneration deep penetrating shaped
charges. The result is superior penetration performance and minimized
charge debris exiting the gun.
Additional PURE system features are
independent placement of the charge,
flexible loading options, and size range
from 2 to 7 in [5.08 to 17.78 cm].
Applications
Perforated completions in consolidated reservoirs with permeability
greater than 0.5 mD or reservoir
pressure greater than 1,200 psi
[8,270 kPa].
Operational efficiency through
less underbalance required and
reduced wellbore shock
Potential elimination of the need
for secondary perforation cleanup
operations
219
PURE Clean Perforations System Mechanical Data Summary

Outside Diameter
2 in [5.08 cm]
2 in [6.35 cm]
2 in [7.30 cm]
3 in [8.57 cm]
3 in [8.89 cm]
4 in [11.43 cm]
4 in [11.43 cm]
7 in [17.78 cm]
Shot density
5.5 spf, 60
5.5 spf, 60
5.5 spf, 60
5.5 spf, 60
5.5 spf, 72
11.5 spf, 135/45
4.5 spf, 72
11.5 spf, 135/45
Shot spacing
2 in
2 in
2 in
2 in
2 in
1 in
2 in
1 in
Temperature rating
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi
25,000 psi
25,000 psi
20,000 psi
25,000 psi
12,000 psi
12,000 psi
10,000 psi
Min. casing size
2 in
4 in
4 in
5 in
6 in
6 in
9 in
Max. diameter including burrs
2.26 in
2.592.78 in
3.07 in
3.75 in
3.72 in
4.87 in
4.83 in
7.28 in
Interval missed between guns
13 in
12.5 in
12 in
12 in
12 in
12 in
12 in
12 in
Weight of loaded 20-ft gun in air
119 lbm
179 lbm
237 lbm
332 lbm
292 lbm
501 lbm
446 lbm
1,245 lbm
Max. tensile load
63,000 lbf
81,000 lbf
105,000 lbf
150,000 lbf
200,000 lbf
150,000 lbf
150,000 lbf

Shot
in liquid
500,000 lbf

PURE Clean Perforations System Performance Summary

Gun
Shot Density, spf

Phasing,
Charge
Penetration, in
Entrance
Hole, in
2-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet
18.6
0.20
2-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet Omega
21.8
0.22
2-in PURE
5.5. 60
PowerJet
18.7
0.34
2-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet Omega
30.6
0.32
2-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet
25.3
0.38
2-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet Omega
36.0
0.34
3-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet
36.5
0.37
3-in PURE
5.5, 60
PowerJet Omega
44.2
0.44
4-in PURE
11.5, 135/45
PowerJet
30.2
0.34
4-in PURE
11.5, 135/45
PowerJet Omega
34.0
0.35
4-in PURE
4.5, 72
PowerJet
46.4
0.47
4-in PURE
4.5, 72
PowerJet Omega
59.2
0.43
7-in PURE
11.5, 135/45
PowerJet
43.6
0.44
7-in PURE
11.5, 135/45
PowerJet Omega
53.2
0.43
Unofficial API RP 43 5th edition or API 19B Section 1; area open to flow available on request, specific per job design
220
Detonation Systems
The majority of wireline-conveyed
perforating operations are performed
using standard detonators that employ
primary high explosives. This situation
necessitates following rigorous safety
policies and procedures to ensure that
stray electrical effects caused by radio
signals, electric arc welding operations,
or cathodic protection systems do not
accidentally set off the detonator. In
environments where it is not feasible
to eliminate all sources of interference,
detonation systems that incorporate
additional safety features are required.
wide since 1988, this latest iteration

provides a step change in performance
reliability. The reliability of the Secure2
detonator is comparable with that of
a traditional resistor-based detonator, with an efficiency of 99.82%, while
maintaining the safety benefits of a
high-power initiator. The Secure2 detonator is radio frequency (RF) safe, with
certification by an independent thirdparty assessor, which improves overall operational efficiency by allowing
radio transmitters to stay on and critical
wellsite operations, such as helicopters,
boats, cathodic protection, and welding
in appropriate locations, to continue
during the perforating operation.
No primary explosives are used within
the Secure2 detonator, which reduces
sensitivity to shock and burn detonation.
Secure2 detonators are available
for hollow carrier and exposed gun systems, plug setting, and pipe recovery
applications.
Secure2 RF-safe
electronicdetonator
The Secure2* RF-safe electronic detonator uses exploding foil initiator (EFI)
technology to provide industry-leading
safety and reliability during perforating operations.
As the fourth generation of S.A.F.E.*
slapper-actuated firing equipment initiators, which have been in use worldWireline input
EFI
Electronics
S.A.F.E. slapper-actuated
firing equipment
S.A.F.E. equipments detonating system is RF safe for electric potential
differences created by RF radiation,
impressed current for cathodic protection, and welding in appropriate locations. The technology eliminates the
need to shut down radio communication and other vital rig equipment during perforating jobs.
The EFI detonating mechanism
used in S.A.F.E. equipment has proved
resistant to stray voltages because it
requires a high current for detonation.
The S.A.F.E. equipment contains no
primary high explosives.
When shooting power is applied,
a section of metal foil is instantly
vaporized, which causes a neighboring
(secondary) high-explosives pellet to
detonate and shear a small aluminum
flyer. The flyer travels across a fluid
desensitization gap in the EFI housing
and strikes a booster that initiates the
detonation of the gun.
Applications
Hollow carrier and exposed
perforating gun systems
Punchers
Plug setting
Pipe recovery
Detonating cord
Secondary explosive
pellet
Aluminum flyer
Booster
Secure2
Detonator
High-Temperature Secure2
Detonator
Exposed Secure2
Detonator
Secure2 Detonator
Igniter
Temperature rating
340 degF [171 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
340 degF [171 degC]
340 degF [171 degC]
Pressure rating
na
na
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
na
Fluid desensitization
Yes
Yes
No
na
Combinability
Hollow carrier guns, puncher,

cutter, severing tools
Hollow carrier guns, puncher,

cutter, colliding tools
Exposed guns, backoff,

string shot
Plug setting
UN classification code: 1.4S
UN classification code: 1.4B
na = not applicable
For 1 h
221
ASFS
Addressable-Switch Firing System
Addressable arming
protection switch
Addressable switch
The ASFS* addressable-switch firing

system is run within explosive devices.
The system is a series of microprocessors attached to the initiators. Digital
communication is used to operationally check and arm the switches. Each
microprocessor has a unique address
to individually identify the associated
explosive device.
All circuits, gun wiring, and
connections can be checked at surface
with the Integrated Perforating Device
Tester (IPDT); while running in hole,
checking is done with the perforation
acquisition system. Positive shot
indication is achieved through the
switch requerying feature. In the case
of a misfire or failed pressure switch,
that explosive device can be skipped
over. For critical operations, backup
devices can be run as a contingency.
Available for all hollow carrier perforating gun systems and explosive
plug-setting systems, the ASFS system
is compatible with conventional and
Secure2 detonators. Up to 40 guns
per descent can be run to efficiently
perforate long intervals or multiple
stages in one trip.
Applications

Selective perforating
Multistage perforating
Tractor-conveyed perforating
Pumpdown perforating
Combined plug setting
andperforating
ASFS System
Temperature rating
340 degF [171 degC]
Addressable switch
Plug-and-shoot
addressable switch
222
Perforating Accessories
Casing collar locator
The casing collar locator (CCL) is the
universal positioning device used to
correlate between cased hole services
(e.g., gamma rayCCL to perforating
CCL or other cased hole services that
do not necessarily require a gamma ray
for correlation). The CCL run in combination with a cased hole gamma ray
establishes the link between the openhole gamma ray measurement and the
cased hole CCL.
The magnetic field of the permanent magnets in the CCL tool becomes
distorted as the device passes a casing collar. The distortion is amplified
within the tool and sent up hole as a
pulse that is recorded in conjunction

with the gamma ray. The dual recording establishes the position of the casing collar with reference to the casing
gamma ray log to the SP or gamma ray
of an openhole log.
CCL tools are available in a wide
range of sizes and specifications to
address different casing and tubing
sizes, well pressure and temperature
conditions, and logging cables as well
as combinability with other services.
Application
Correlation of cased hole logs
to perforating or other cased
holeservices
CCL
Output
Casing and tubing collar location
None
Combinability
Requires monocable, coaxial cable, or hepta-cable

Combinable with perforating guns of different sizes,
plug and packer setting tools, cutters, punchers,
cased hole logging tools
HS service
CCL
Temperature rating
500 degF [260 degC]
Pressure rating
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
1 in [3.81 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
Outside diameter
1.375 to 3.375 in [3.49 to 8.57 cm]
Length
1.48 to 3.5 ft [0.45 to 1.07 m]
Weight
6 to 81.5 lbm [2.7 kg to 37 kg]
CCL-AG
223
UPCT universal perforating

and correlation tool
Gamma
ray detector
Applications
Gamma rayCCL correlation
During perforating runs for
single-trip efficiency
Through tubing
In tubing and casing
At extreme depth and
temperature conditions
The UPCT* universal perforating and

correlation tool is a gamma rayCCL
depth correlation tool for perforating
operations shooting any type of
detonator, including radio frequency
(RF-) safe detonator systems on both
polarities (addressable switch). The
depth correlation provided by the
1.6875-in [4.29-cm] UPCT tool enables
precise positioning of perforating guns
and other through-tubing explosive
devices. The rugged design and robust
electronics of the UPCT tool enable
running it on the same string as the
perforating guns without requiring a
shock absorber sub.
UPCT Tool
Output
Formation gamma ray, casing and tubing collar location
None
Combinability
Combinable with all detonator types and perforating

guns without requiring a shock absorber sub
HS service
Shock qualified to 5,000-g pyro
UPCT Tool
CCL
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]

1-h excursion: 374 degF [190 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]

Borehole sizemin.
1.6875-in tool: 1.82 in [4.62 cm]

Flasked 2.125-in tool: 2.25 in [5.72 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
Outside diameter
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]

With flask: 2.125 in [5.40 cm]
Length
Without gun: 4.5 ft [1.37 m]

With flask: 5.94 ft [1.81 m]
Weight
46 lbm [20.9 kg]
UPCT
224
PGGT powered gun

gamma tool
Applications
Accurate positioning of tubingconveyed perforating (TCP) guns
Correlation of perforating guns,
plugs, and packers in wells without
previously recorded cased hole logs
Correlation of perforating guns,
plugs, and packers in wells with
uniform casing joints
Correlation of plugs and packers
in large casing sizes, which may
cause the CCL to be centralized
and ineffective
Added assurance for correlating
critical perforating or plug and
packer jobs
Reliable openhole gamma ray
correlation for core guns
Correlation services in casing
where CCL signals cannot be
detected
The PGGT powered gun gamma tool

records naturally occurring gamma
rays in the formations near the
wellbore. This nuclear measurement
indicates the radioactive content
of the formations. Effective in any
environment, the PGGT tool is the
standard device for the correlation of
cased hole logs with openhole logs.
Perforating guns, tubing punchers,
plugs and packers, and core guns can
be correlated by using gamma ray, CCL,
or both techniques simultaneously.
PGGT Tool
Output
Naturally occurring gamma ray, casing collar locator
Logging speed
1,800 ft/h [549 m/h]
0 to 400 gAPI
Vertical resolution
12 in [30.48 cm]
Accuracy
5%
24 in [60.96 cm]
None
Combinability
CST chronological sample taker, casing guns,

plugs,packers
HS service
PGGT-DA
PGGT-DC
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]
350 degF [177 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
4 in [11.11 cm]
4 in [10.47 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
No limit
Outside diameter
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Length
5.83 ft [1.78 m]
5.83 ft [1.78 m]
Weight
97 lbm [44 kg]
97 lbm [44 kg]
225
WPP wireline perforating

platform
The WPP* wireline perforating platform
integrates a rugged arsenal of sensors
and actuators for optimizing well
productivity while perforating. Use of
the WPP platform maximizes flexibility
in positioning perforating guns and
enables real-time monitoring of results.
Safer, more reliable perforating results
from intelligent control of the downhole
power supply.
Oriented perforating using the WPP
platform provides single-trip conveyance and orientation of perforating
guns on wireline, coiled tubing, or a
tractor system through tubing into
vertical or deviated wells. The motor
system of the WPP platform rotates the
guns into firing position relative to the
preferred fracture plane to optimize
hydraulic fracturing operations.
The completion imaging configuration of the WPP platform is used to
shoot through a tubing string in a
multiple completion without hitting
parallel strings. This mapper configuration of the WPP platform detects
multiple completion strings to generate a metal-proximity profile that
guides selective shooting of multiple
guns, which provides perforation and
production access to reservoirs that
would otherwise require a costly and
time-consuming workover.
Borehole temperature and pressure

data can be acquired by the WPP platform before, during, and after perforating. Interpretation of these real-time
data can provide a good indication
of the formation pressure and reservoir parameters (permeability and
skin effect) to guide operations. Data
acquisition is not interrupted by detonator initiation. Up to 20 guns can be
connected to the bottom of the tool
for selective firing through the use of
addressable-switch technology.
Applications
Hydraulic fracturing
Sand prevention
Multiple completion string
detection
Establishment of over- or underbalance before perforating
Temperature survey
Measurement of formation pressure
buildup or drawdown
226
WPP Platform
Output
Casing and tubing collar location, inclination or relative bearing,

orientation of perforating guns, downhole shot indication
Optional: gamma ray, borehole temperature, borehole pressure,
completion imaging
Logging speed
Stationary measurement
None
Combinability
Combinable with telemetry system of the PS Platform production

services platform
WPP Platform
Temperature rating
302 degF [150 degC]
Pressure rating
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
1.75 in [4.44 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
Outside diameter
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]

With gyroscope carrier: 1.75 in [4.44 cm]
Length
Oriented perforating: 24.0 ft [7.31 m] (not including gun and gamma ray tool)
Completion mapper: 22.0 ft [6.70 m] (not including gamma ray tool)
Pressure and temperature measurement: 15.0 ft [4.57 m]
(not including gun and gamma ray tool)
Weight
WPP platform: 166.3 lbm [75.4 kg]

Oriented perforating: 159.3 lbm [72.2 kg]
Completion mapper: 140.3 lbm [63.6 kg]
Pressure and temperature measurement: 85 lbm [38 kg]
Tension
Perforating and imaging: 14,200 lbf [63,160 N]

Measurement: 39,000 lbf [173,480 N]
227
Wireline Oriented
Perforating Tool
The gyroscope-oriented Wireline
Oriented Perforating Tool (WOPT) is
used for wireline-conveyed, azimuthoriented perforating in near-vertical
wells. The WOPT enables perforating
the preferred facture plane (PFP),
which improves hydraulic fracture
treatments as well as assists sanding
prevention in weak but consolidated
formations. From the perspective of
rock mechanics, a fracture propagates
in the direction of the maximum horizontal stress regardless of perforation
orientation, which causes the fracture
fluid to travel around the casing before
it flows into the direction of propagation. Perforating in the direction of the
maximum shear stress plane (i.e., the
PFP) allows the fracture fluid to flow
directly into the fracture propagation.
By orienting the perforations toward

the PFP, the fracturing job needs
less breakout pressure. This results
in lower surface pressures and the
pumping fluid can be more viscous. It
also helps prevent sand production by
creating less turbulent flow along the
perforation tunnels.
Applications

Fracture plane perforating

Minimized fracture pressure
Minimized sand production
Directional cement squeeze
Setting whipstocks
Perforating adjacent well (from
relief well) for well control
Oriented core sampling with the
CST chronological sample taker
Relief well perforating
WOPT
Output
Azimuthal perforating direction
Logging speed
Stationary
Indexing at 5 increments
Accuracy
Borehole positioning device
None
Combinability
3-, 3-, 3-, 3.67-, 4-, 4-, 4.72-, and 5-in

[7.93-, 8.57-, 8.89-, 9.32-, 10.16-, 11.43-, 11.99-,
and 12.70-cm] HSD high shot density perforating
gunsystems
WOPT
Temperature rating
350 degF [177 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
4 in [10.16 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
Outside diameter
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
Length
Variable based on configuration
Weight
Variable based on configuration
228
Through-Tubing Perforating
Positioning Devices
Through-tubing perforating positioning
devices are used to position throughtubing perforating guns below the end
of the tubing in the casing across a
zone of interest.
Magnetic Positioning
Device
The Magnetic Positioning Device
(MPD) has a strong permanent magnet oriented in the same plane as the
zero-phased tubing gun. In a vertical wellbore, the magnet positions the
gun charges to the face of the casing
wall. This position produces maximum
hole size and formation penetration.
In deviated wells the magnet positions the charges to the low side of
the wellbore to prevent orientation of
the gun to the high side of the casing.
High-side (across-casing) perforating
severely restricts the hole size in the
casing and formation penetration.
Spring Positioning Device

The Spring Positioning Device (SPD)
forces the through-tubing gun to the
casing wall in vertical wells. The location of the spring on the opposite side
of the gun charges (zero phasing)
maximizes the casing hole size and
formation penetration.
Applications
Increased well productivity
Maximum casing hole size
Maximum formation penetration
MPD
Applications
Increased well productivity
Maximum casing hole size
Maximum formation penetration
MPD
SPD
Temperature rating
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
Pressure rating
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin.
11316 in [4.60 cm]
11316 in [4.60 cm]
Borehole sizemax.
No limit
7 in [17.78 cm]
Outside diameter
1.375 to 2 in [3.49 to 5.08 cm]
1.6875 to 2.875 in [4.29 to 7.30 cm]
Length
1.46 to 1.77 ft [0.44 to 0.54 m]
2.36 to 3.3 ft [0.72 to 1.00 m]
Weight
7 to 22 lbm [3 to 10 kg]
10 to 32 lbm [4.5 to 14 kg]

SPD-A
229
Wireline Perforating Anchor Tool

The Wireline Perforating Anchor
Tool (WPAT) is used for perforating
monobore wells under very high under
balance pressure. This method of
anchoring wireline-conveyed guns is
a practical, reliable, and economical
technique for completing monobore
wells. The WPAT makes perforating
with very high underbalance possible
by eliminating gun movement during
perforating. Higher underbalance
improves perforation cleanup, resulting
in greater well productivity.
The WPAT positively anchors
guns from below by using three
circumferentially distributed slips.
With an electrical command from the
surface, the slips are anchored in the
casing before the gun is fired. The
profile of the slips is carefully crafted
to prevent both movement when set
and damage to the tubing. After a
preprogrammed time interval, which
can be from 5min to 1 h, the slips are
automatically released and retracted.
The tool is designed to work in

278- and 3-in casing. The anchoring mechanism withstands force to
17,000lbf [75,620 N] in an upward or
downward direction. The high rate of
flow during perforation cleanup causes
the holding capacity to increase as the
amount of force acting on the gun
string increases. The WPAT prevents
the guns from jumping, which in turn
helps to prevent inadvertent breaking
of the wireline cable head weakpoint.
Applications
Underbalanced perforation
in small casing sizes
Memory gauges run below perfor
ating guns for the determination
ofcrossflow ordepletion
Enhanced cleanup because the
well can be flowed immediately
after perforating underbalanced
WPAT-A
WPAT-B
Temperature rating
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
Pressure rating
10,000 psi [69 MPa]
10,000 psi [69 MPa]
Casing sizemax. ID
2.58 in [6.55 cm]
3.04 in [7.72 cm]
Casing sizeOD
2 in [7.30 cm]
3.5 in [8.89 cm]
Outside diameter
2.125 in [5.39 cm]
2.6 in [6.60 cm]
Length
9.2 ft [2.80 m]
9.3 ft [2.83 m]
Weight
86 lbm [239 kg]
96 lbm [43 kg]
230
Cutters and Colliding Tools

Cutters and colliding tools are designed
to sever downhole tubulars and
completion components in a variety of
environments.
The two types of cutting technologies are as follows:
Explosive jet cutters make precise
cuts with minimal swelling by using
a radial shaped charge that creates
a 360 high-pressure jet.
Chemical cutters use heat and abrasion generated by a chemical reaction to cleanly cut tubulars.
Both technologies cleanly and
efficiently cut coiled tubing, tubing,
casing, drillpipe, and completion
components, which enables conducting
single-trip dressing and fishing
operations.
Colliding tools use a high explosive
load to create a radial jet by colliding
two opposing ballistic shock waves.
They are specifically designed for
severing heavyweight drill pipe and
drill collars.
Cutters and colliding tools are available for the entire range of downhole
tubulars. For more information, contact your Schlumberger representative.
Applications
Coiled tubing, tubing, casing, drillpipe, and completion components
Burr- and flare-free cutting with

chemical cutters
Colliding tool for heavy drillpipe
or drilling collars
PowerCutter precision
tubular cutter
The PowerCutter* precision tubular
cutter employs a unique liner material
and design to deliver industry-leading
cut quality, comparable to that of a
chemical cutter but without the need
for hazardous chemicals. Operation
is simple, reliable, and efficient with
no anchoring required. No anchoring
reduces the likelihood of the tool
becoming stuck after the cutting
operation is performed.
The PowerCutter precision tubular
cutter is combinable with the RF-safe
Secure2 electronic detonator for
additional operational safety and
efficiency.
PowerCutter
Applications
Coiled tubing, tubing, casing, drillpipe, and completion components
Completions under compression
or tension
High-pressure, high-temperature
wells
PowerCutter Precision Tubular Cutter
Outside diameter
1.68 in [4.29 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
2.5 in [6.35 cm]
2.75 in [6.99 cm]
3.65 in [9.27 cm]
4.15 in [10.54 cm]
Temperature rating
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
Pressure rating
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
18,000 psi [124 MPa]
Tubing size
2 in
2 in
3 in
3 in
4 in
5 in
Tubing weight with couplings
4.0 to 4.7 lbm/ft
6.4 to 7.90 lbm/ft
9.2 to 10.3 lbm/ft
9.2 to 10.3 lbm/ft
11.6 to 12.6 lbm/ft
17.0 to 26.0 lbm/ft
Tubing swell with burr
2.82 in [7.16 cm]
3.41 in [8.66 cm]
3.90 in [9.91 cm]
3.99 in [10.13 cm]
4.94 in [12.55 cm]
5.87 in [14.91 cm]
Outside diameter before cutting
1.724 in [4.380 cm]
2.139 in [5.433 cm]
2.505 in [6.363 cm]
2.753 in [6.993 cm]
3.655 in [9.284 cm]
4.155 in [10.554 cm]
Outside diameter after cutting
1.693 in [4.300 cm]
2.068 in [5.253 cm]
2.405 in [6.109 cm]
2.657 in [6.749 cm]
3.605 in [9.157 cm]
3.810 in [9.677 cm]
Explosive type, max. weight
HMX, 11.2 g
HMX, 17.0 g
HMX, 28.33 g
HMX, 38.0 g
HMX, 38.0 g
HMX, 109.3 and 76 g
Numerous other sizes are available on request

Grade L80
231
Punchers
Punchers are used to make holes in
downhole tubulars to establish pressure
equalization or circulation between the
primary bore and the annulus, without
damaging the outer string.
Punchers are selected based on the
thickness of the target tubular and the
clearance to the outer string.
Special-application punchers, such
as chemical punchers, are also available.
Applications
Pressure equalization between
tubing and annulus
Establish circulation during
stuckpipe operations
1.56-in HSD High Shot Density Perforating Gun System Puncher
Puncher Charge
1606S Puncher
1606M Puncher
1606L Puncher
1606XL Puncher
1606XXL Puncher
Temperature rating for 1 h
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
500 degF [260 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
400 degF [204 degC]
Pressure rating
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Tubing sizemin.
2116 in
2116 in
2116 in
2116 in
2116 in
Tubing sizemax.
No limit
No limit
No limit
No limit
No limit
Outside diameter
1.56 in [3.96 cm]
1.56 in [3.96 cm]
1.56 in [3.96 cm]
1.56 in [3.96 cm]
1.56 in [3.96 cm]
Explosive type
HNS
HNS
HNS
HMX
HMX
Wall thickness
0.190.375 in
[4.839.53 mm]
0.3750.50 in
[9.5312.7 mm]
0.5000.58 in
[12.7014.73 mm]
0.75 in
[19.50 mm]
1.0 in
[25.4 mm]
Avg. hole size
0.300.21 in
[7.625.33 mm]
0.250.21 in
[6.355.33 mm]
0.170.13 in
[4.323.30 mm]
0.19 in
[4.83 mm]
0.18 in
[4.57 mm]
Penetration depth
In the outer pipe for all configurations: <0.10 in [<2.54 mm]
232
Well Intervention
Services
ReSOLVE
Instrumented Wireline Intervention Service
ReSOLVE instrumented wireline intervention service consists of a modular family of intervention tools that
deliver real-time monitoring, dynamic
tool control, and verified downhole
actuation to set new standards for success in well intervention operations.
Sensors incorporated in the ReSOLVE
service tools enable the engineer to
monitor tool activity and the progress of downhole operations while
responsively controlling the tool for
optimal performance. By integrating
monitoring and control, ReSOLVE service eliminates the reliance on estimates and assumptions that is typical
with conventional blind intervention
methods. Conveyance is on wireline by
gravity or on tractor in highly deviated
and horizontal wells.
Telemetry module
The four tools of the modular

ReSOLVE instrumented service are
readily assembled on the basic configuration consisting of the telemetry and
control modules.
High-force linear
actuatortool
The ReSOLVE service combination of
the anchor and linear actuator modules reliably applies controlled axial
force to well components. The linear
actuator tool can be used with either
the ReSOLVE services universal shifting tool (UST) or third-party shifting,
pulling, or other interface tools.
The anchor module opens with the

industrys largest reach from the tool
OD to the tubing of nearly 2in [5 cm]
diametrically. Although up to 150,000lbf
[667,230 N] of anchoring force is precisely applied, the innovative low-stress
anchor grips minimize the impact on the
tubing while maximizing traction.
Once anchoring is confirmed to
the surface, the linear actuator can be
extended or retracted multiple times to
apply a large, controlled force of up to
45,000 lbf [200,170 N] to a specific well
component. Continuous measurements
of displacement and the applied force
validate completion of the operation.
Control module
Tractor
Milling module
Milling Tool
Hydraulic module
Setting Tool
Shifting Tool
Anchor module
Linear actuator module
Well Intervention Services
Setting module
UST
235
Selective universal
shiftingtool
Milling tool
ReSOLVE services UST makes multiple shifts in any direction in a single

run, whether to a single component
or multiple components in multizone
completions. The UST is paired with
the anchor and linear actuator, for
which forces and displacements are
measured to confirm that the expected
force and distance were achieved.
To engage a selected completion
component, the UST radially extends
profile keys with a specified preload
force. The extended keys remain compliant to navigate well geometry. Once
the UST is latched into the profile of
the component, the anchor secures the
tool in the well, and the linear actuator
extends or retracts to shift the component. The keys fully retract to enable the
tool to pass restrictions.
Nonexplosive setting tool

The setting tool is hydraulically powered,
providing a large force of up to 78,000 lbf
[347,000 N] for setting plugs and packers. With real-time confirmation reporting of the setting force applied and a
variable setting speed, the ReSOLVE services setting tool is a reliable, low-risk
alternative to the conventional use of
explosives to set plugs and packers. Not
using explosives provides a significant
advantage for operations in locations
where explosives security and safety concerns can complicate logistics and cause
delays. In addition, the setting tool can
be performance tested at the surface
before deployment, and radio silence is
not necessary during operations.
The ReSOLVE services milling tool

mills through debris and scale buildups, tubing restrictions, and plugs. The
TuffTRAC cased hole services tractor is
seamlessly integrated to automatically
drive the ReSOLVE system forward
and resist rotation while the milling
tools rotating bit engages the obstruction. Unlike for conventional uninstrumented milling tools, the engineer
is fully informed of the tools performance status through real-time monitoring while dynamically controlling
the bit speed and weight on bit (WOB).
The MillOptimizer* automatic milling
system automatically adjusts the WOB to
achieve a particular torque. Bit torque is
constantly monitored and WOB adjusted
by the TuffTRAC tractor to maintain a
constant bit speed. With MillOptimizer
systems coordinated control, the tractor and milling tool operate as a single
intelligent system to maximize milling
efficiency and prevent stalling. Any bit
stalling is immediately detected by the
MillOptimizer system, which automatically stops the tool, disengages the scale
by reversing the bit and the tractor, and
then resumes milling.
The milling tool uses a novel PDC
bit designed and manufactured by Lyng
Drilling, a Schlumberger company.
Optimized for maximum rate of penetration (ROP) when milling hard scale
buildup, this groundbreaking mill bit
achieves the highest rate of scale volume milled within the power limits of
electric wireline.
Applications
Nonexplosive setting of bridge
and tubing plugs, packers, casing
patches, and cement retainers
High-force axial shifting
Opening and closing of isolation
valves
Shifting sliding sleeves
Pulling retrievable plugs
Fishing operations
Replacing gas lift valves
Safety valve lockout
Selective shifting with a highexpansion universal shifting tool
Sliding sleeves in multizone
completions
Mechanically opening isolation
valves
Single-run multiple shifting
Shifting components below
restrictions
Milling
Removing scale accumulation
inwell tubulars
Milling plugs
Removing tubing restrictions
236
Shifting
Output
Resolution
Mud type or weight

limitations
Setting
Milling
UST
Basic ReSOLVE service configuration: wellbore pressure, wellbore temperature, head tension,
casing collar locator, head voltage, DC current, optional gamma ray
Anchor force, linear force,
Setting force
Bit torque, WOB, bit
Key radial force, key
anchor displacement,
speed (rpm), relative
radial position
linear displacement
bearing (tool orientation)
Basic ReSOLVE service configuration: Wellbore pressure: 17 psi [117 kPa],
Wellbore temperature: 0.36 degF [0.2 degC], digital CCL: 0.02 V, head tension: 8 lbf [36 N]
Setting force:
Bit torque:
Key radial range:
Linear force: 43 lbf [191 N]
50 lbf [222 N]
0.2 ft.lbf [0.27 N.m]
5 lbf [22 N]
Linear displacement:
Bit speed: 0.5 rpm
Key radial position:
0.005 in [0.127 mm]
0.050 in [1.27 mm]
Anchoring diameter:
0.004 in [0.10 mm]
Anchoring force:
60 lbf [267 N]
None
None
None
None
Complete range of standard
brushes, hones, and other
accessories andafull set
of bits, with custom bits
made on request
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Performance limits
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Shifting
Setting
Milling
UST
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High-pressure version:
30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Anchoring range:
3.135.10 in [7.9512.95 cm]
Anchoring range, large-pipe version:
4.636.60 in [11.7616.74 cm]
Linear range: 20 in [50.8 cm]
Linear force: 45,000 lbf [200,170 N]
3.2 in [8.13 cm]
6.7 in [17.02 cm]
3.125 in [7.94 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
Large-pipe version:
4.624 in [11.75 cm]
25.0 ft [7.62 m]
489 lbm [223 kg]
60,000 lbf [266,890 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Setting range:
11.4 in [28.96 cm]
Setting force:
78,000 lbf [346,960 N]
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
302 degF [150 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Key opening range:
3.135.10 in
[7.9512.95 cm]
Key radial force:
700 lbf [133,450 N]
4 in [10.16 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
3.2 in [8.13 cm]
3.125 in [7.94 cm]
3.2 in [8.13 cm]
3.125 in [7.94 cm]
18.9 ft [5.76 m]
423 lbm [192 kg]
60,000 lbf [266,890 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
8.7 ft [2.65 m]
441 lbm [200 kg]
60,000 lbf [266,890 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
5.5 ft [1.79 m]
141 lbm [64 kg]
60,000 lbf [266,890 N]
20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
Max. milling torque:

250 ft.lbf [339 N.m]
Max. bit speed: 130 rpm
Based on current minimum bit size

Configuration dependent
Complete toolstring, without a tractor or logging head
Minimum with two drives
237
Casing Packer Setting Tool

The Casing Packer Setting Tool
(CPST) provides a reliable method
of deploying plugs and packers in the
wellbore during completion, isolation,
or abandonment. The CPST features
pressure-balanced design (does
not have to overcome well pressure
when setting)
only one igniter, which incorporates
a safety resistor for additional safety
spiral pins to prevent tool presetting while running in the hole
components coated in liquid
nitride to improve life expectancy
through greater surface hardness
and increased corrosion resistance
with no surface buildup
no special alignment or orientation
of components required during
assembly or disassembly
efficient redressing at the wellsite.
Application
Setting plugs and packers
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Bottom thread
CPST-AA
CPST-CC
CPST-BC
400 degF [204 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
5 in [12.70 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
3.625 in [9.21 cm]
7.5 ft [2.29 m]
180 lbm [82 kg]
Sleeve: 3-in
[8.89-cm] 6 Acme
Mandrel: 2-in
[5.08-cm] 6 Acme
450 degF [232 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
5 in [13.97 cm]
2.75 in [6.99 cm]
7.35 ft [2.24 m]
79.5 lbm [36 kg]
Sleeve: 2-in
[6.35-cm] 6 Acme
Mandrel: 1-in
[2.54-cm] 8 UN
400 degF [204 degC]

15,000 psi [103 MPa]
3 in [8.89 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
11.25 ft [3.43 m]
81.8 lbm [37 kg]
Sleeve: 2-in [5.08-cm]
10 Stub Acme
Mandrel: 1116-in
[4.29-cm] 16 UN
238
Gauge Ring and Junk Basket

The junk basket consists of a wireline
feeler and junk catcher. It is run with
a gauge ring to determine if the casing
ID is sufficient to permit subsequent
passage of the completion string,
plugs, packers, or other tools. The junk
basket also cleans the well of junk.
The housing of the junk basket is
fluted to allow wellbore fluid to enter the
bottom of the housing and exit through
its side as the tool is run.
The gauge ring is screwed on to

the mouth of the basket. This position
helps to seal the housing bottom as
the tool is pulled out of the wellbore.
The ring size used depends on the
casing size and whether a bridge plug
or packer is run. However, the gauge
ring OD is always chosen to be slightly
larger than subsequent tool runs to
ensure that the tools will pass through
the casing.
Applications
Clear casing and tubing of debris
Prevent bridge plug or packer
sticking
Drift the casing ID to ensure the
passage of tools and completion
equipment
Gauge Ring and Junk Basket
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemin.
Casing sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
500 degF [260 degC]

25,000 psi [172 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
13 in [33.97 cm]
3 to 4 in [7.62 to 10.16 cm]
5.83 ft [1.78 m]
Variable
The OD of the junk basket depends on gauge ring used.
239
PosiSet
Mechanical Plugback Tool
The PosiSet* mechanical plugback
tool (MPBT) is used in rigless throughtubing recompletions. By using a mast
or a crane, recompletions can be
accomplished without the cost of a
workover rig.
The anchored elastomeric plug of
the PosiSet MPBT is run through tubing and set in casing to plug off fluid
flow in the casing below the plug. The
casing seal is similar to that produced
by a cast-iron plug, but instead of an
explosive charge, a downhole electric
motor within the MPBT Setting Unit
(MPSU) is used to contract the elastomer sealing assembly to form a firm
seal against the casing wall. The expansion ratio is typically 3:1. An anchoring
system keeps the tool in place while
cement is placed on top of the plug to a
height of 10 ft [3 m] or more to provide
additional differential pressure.
The plug is drillable. The smallest plug can withstand 25,000-lbf
[111,205-N] force. The largest 958-in
[24.45-cm] plug can withstand
90,000-lbf [400,340-N] force. If the
wellbore pressure at setting depth is
less than 1,000 psi [7 MPa], a special
tool is used to aid the setting process
of the plug.
Plugs can be set by the PosiSet

MPBT in open hole, across perforations,
and at gravel-pack screens.
The Positive Displacement Dump
Bailer is used to place the required
cement plug on top of the PosiSet
plug. Release of a weight bar displaces
cement from the bailer sections. The
plug can be pressure tested 24 h after
the last bailer run, when the cement
is at approximately 90% of its ultimate
compressive strength. The temperature
rating of the Positive Displace
ment
Dump Bailer is 302degF [150degC].
Applications
Seal off nonproductive zones
Seal off water-producing zones
below productive zones
Base for a sand plug
Low-pressure acid base plug
Positive depth control plug
240
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
MPSU-BA
MPSU-CA
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
7 in [19.37 cm]
1.71 in [4.34 cm]
20.5 ft [6.25 m]
89 lbm [40 kg]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
9 in [24.45 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
21 ft [6.40 m]
129 lbm [58 kg]
PosiSet MPBT Plug Mechanical Specifications

Temperature rating
Differential pressure rating
Casing sizemin. ID
Casing sizemax. ID
Outside diameter
Setting time
Remarks
4-in Casing
5-in Casing
340 degF [171 degC]

1,000 psi [7 MPa]
3 in [8.89 cm]
4.02 in [10.21 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
17 min
340 degF [171 degC]

1,000 psi [7 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
4.52 in [11.48 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
17 min
5-in Casing
7-in Casing
302 degF [150 degC]

340 degF [171 degC]
500 psi [3 MPa]
1,500 psi [10 MPa]
4 in [11.43 cm]
5.88 in [14.93 cm]
5.02 in [12.75 cm]
6.53 in [16.59 cm]
1.6875 in [4.29 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
60 min
60 min
Set using either the MPSU-BA or MPSU-CA
7-in Casing
9-in Casing
275 degF [135 degC]

1,000 psi [7 MPa]
6 in [16.51 cm]
7.02 in [17.83 cm]
2.125 in [5.40 cm]
60 min
275 degF [135 degC]

500 psi [3 MPa]
8.43 in [21.41 cm]
9.01 in [22.88 cm]
2.625 in [6.67 cm]
90 min
Must be set using
the MPSU-CA
Pressure ratings are for the plugs only. The desired differential pressure rating is achieved by placing cement (usually 10 ft [3 m]) on top of the plug.
241
Auxiliary
Measurements
and Devices
Caliper Log
Caliper devices are integral to most standard logging tools because measurement
of the borehole axis is an extremely
useful parameter for environmental correction, quantitative interpretation, and
cement volume calculation.
Caliper logs are recorded from
one-, three-, four-, or six-arm devices.
If the borehole is uniform and circular,
all the calipers read the same value.
In an elliptical hole, the single-arm
caliper generally lines up with the
long axis, and the three-arm caliper
indicates a diameter greater than the
short axis but less than the long axis.

The four-arm caliper measures both
the short and long axes of the hole
and provides a more accurate value of
borehole volume. Single-arm calipers
are typically part of most density
and microresistivity tools; four-arm
calipers are part of most dipmeter
tools. The Mechanical Caliper Device
(MCD) is a three-arm caliper tool. The
six-arm Environmental Measurement
Sonde (EMS) caliper is described
subsequently in this chapter.
Applications

Borehole diameter
Borehole shape
Borehole volume
Environmental correction
to log output
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
One-Arm Caliper
MCD Three-Arm Caliper
Four-Arm Caliper
Borehole size
Depends on toolstring
4 to 22 in [10.16 to 55.88 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
0.25 in [0.64 cm]
Borehole
None
HS service
Borehole size
4 to 16 in [11.43 to 40.64 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
0.25 in [0.64 cm]
Borehole
None
HS service
Borehole size
4 to 22 in [10.16 to 55.88 cm]
6 in [15.24 cm]
0.20 in [0.51 cm]
Borehole
None
HS service
rating
Temperature
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
One-Arm Caliper
MCD Three-Arm Caliper
Four-Arm Caliper
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
16 in [40.64 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
8 ft [2.44 m]
155 lbm [70 kg]
36,000 lbf [160,140 N]
9,900 lbf [44,040 N]
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
22 in [55.88 cm]
Calipers

Caliper
rated to 500 degF [260 degC] are available for high-temperature toolstrings.
extensions are available for larger borehole sizes.
Auxiliary Measurements and Devices
245
Auxiliary Compression Tension Sub

Applications
The Auxiliary Compression Tension

Sub (ACTS) measures the tension or
compression between the upper and
lower heads of the tool in conventional wireline logging. When the logging equipment is drillpipe conveyed,
ACTS monitoring of the downhole
compression force is critical for preventing damage to the logging tools.
Measurement of downhole tension

applied to a logging toolstring
Measurement of compression
applied to tools during conveyance
on TLC tough logging conditions
system
Determination of stuck cable
or toolstring
Two ACTS tools in a toolstring
to determine which part of the
toolstring is stuck
Determination of force on the
cable head weakpoint to prevent
separation of the cable from the
cable head during cut-and-thread
operations
ACTS
Output
Logging speed
Accuracy
Combinability
Tension and compression forces

No limit
22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
3%
None
HS service
ACTS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 in [10.16 cm]
No limit
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
4 ft [1.22 m]
51 lbm [23 kg]
22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
22,500 lbf [100,080 N]
246
Environmental Measurement Sonde

The Environmental Measurement
Sonde (EMS) significantly enhances
the precision of the determination of
borehole shape. Six independent caliper
measurements are made around the
borehole to determine the true ovality
of the borehole for stress analysis
studies. In addition, the EMS obtains
measurements of mud resistivity,
mud temperature, and acceleration
along the tool axis to support realtime borehole correction of a range of
downhole measurements.
The six independent arms of
the EMS gauge the borehole cross
section with greater precision over
a wider range of hole sizes than
conventional tools can. Six accurate
oval-radius measurements are made,
and an ovality algorithm provides
detailed information on the borehole
geometry for more representative
environmental correction of imaging
tool measurements, improved borehole
stress analysis, and more precise
cement volume estimation. The
measurement is valid even if the tool
is eccentered.
The multiple voltage monitoring
electrodes of the EMS resistivity sensor provide mud resistivity measurements that are both more accurate
and more robust than conventionally
acquired measurements, even under
adverse conditions. For example, goodquality measurements can be made
with mudcake on the tool surface and
in narrow boreholes.
Because the EMS is combinable

with all imaging tools (including the
AIT array induction imager tool, ARI
azimuthal resistivity imager, and IPL
integrated porosity lithology service),
environmentally corrected wellsite
logs are produced without an extra
trip in the borehole.
Applications
Borehole geometry evaluation
Accurate determination of
cementvolume
Borehole stress analysis
Mud resistivity measurement
Mud temperature and z-axis
acceleration measurement
Environmental corrections for
other logging tools
247
EMS
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
Mud resistivity, mud temperature, caliper

3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Resistivity: 0.01 to 5.0 ohm.m
Caliper: 30 in [76.2 cm] (centered), 17 in [43.18 cm] (eccentered)
6 in [15.24 cm]
Resistivity: 10% (from 0.02 to 0.5 ohm.m), 7% (from 0.5 to 5 ohm.m)
Temperature: 1.8 degF [1 degC] [1%] (accuracy), 0.18 degF [0.1 degC] (resolution)
Caliper: 0.1 in [0.25 cm] (accuracy), 0.06 in [0.15 cm] (resolution)
Accelerometer: 1.6 in/s2 [4 cm/s2] (accuracy), 0.4 in/s2 [1 cm/s2] (resolution)
Borehole measurement only
None
EMS
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in [15.24 cm]
30 in [76.2 cm]
3.375 in [8.57 cm]
14.23 ft [4.34 m]
297 lbm [135 kg]
50,000 lbf [224,110 N]
11,000 lbf [48,930 N]
248
FPIT
Free-Point Indicator Tool
The FPIT* free-point indicator tool
uses a stretch sensor and a torque
sensor to accurately determine the
free point in stuck drillpipe, drill collars, tubing, or casing. Within the elastic range of the pipe material, the free
section of the pipe deforms linearly
when the pipe is subjected to a pull
or torsion. The FPIT tool measures
the stretch and torque over a fixed
distance to calculate the amount of
free pipe according to the theoretical deformation. The free portion is
conveniently recovered after a backoff
shot is fired inside a tool joint that
is subjected to left-hand torque. The
backoff shot can be combined with
FPIT service or performed separately
after the free point is determined.
Applications
Determination of the deepest free
point in a stuck string of pipe
Backoff of stuck pipe
Determination of pipe tally
Effective operation from drillships
and semisubmersibles and in
highly deviated wells
FPIT Tool
Output
Logging speed
Free pipe stretch and torque

Stationary
Stretch: 0.12 to 3.6 in/1,000 ft [10 to 300 USTR]
Torque: 0.02 to 0.5 rev/1,000 ft [0.02 to 0.5 c/305 m]
7.24 ft [2.21 m] (distance between anchors)
10% at 350 degF [177 degC]
Not applicable
None
Backoff shot, casing collar locator
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Combinability
FPIT Tool
Temperature rating
FPIT-A and FPIT-D: 350 degF [177 degC]

FPIT-C: 330 degC [165 degC]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
1 in [3.81 cm]
5 in [12.70 cm]
1.375 in [3.49 cm]
13.92 ft [4.24 m]
40.75 lbm [18 kg]
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
For operation in casing sizes up to 958 in [24.45 cm], the tool OD is increased to 1.875 in [4.76 cm],
for which the minimum hole size is 2 in [5.08 cm].
249
CERT
Correlated Electromagnetic Retrieval Tool
The CERT* correlated electromagnetic
retrieval tool is a wireline electromagnetic fishing tool that retrieves
metallic junk in cased or open boreholes. The CERT tool is 5 times more
powerful than a permanent magnet of
the same size.
When the power is off, the CERT tool
is nonmagnetic and can be transported
by helicopter without causing disruption of the navigational instruments.
The power remains off until the fishing
depth is reached to prevent the collection of unwanted metal and to maintain
a clean fishing surface. Once the CERT
tool is activated, surface meters reflect
contact with the fish and the progress
of its return the surface.
The tool is available in four sizes:

11116, 218, 234, and 338 in [4.29, 5.40,
6.99, and 8.57 cm, respectively].
Collar locators and gamma ray devices
provide depth control. Nonmagnetic
guide shoes are available for 7-, 758-,
and 958-in casings.
Applications
Openhole metal retrieval
Cased hole metal retrieval
Open, cased, or tubing wellbore
environments
CERT Tool
Output
Logging speed
Combinability
Surface indications of retrieval

4,000 ft/h [1,219 m/h]
Lifting capacity up to 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
(depends on area of contact with the fish)
Borehole service only
None
Combinable with gamma ray and CCL tools
HS service
CERT Tool
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outside diameter
Length
Weight
350 degF [177 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]
2 in [5.08 cm]
No limit
11116, 2, 2, and 3 in [4.29, 5.40, 6.99,
and 8.57 cm]
2.5 ft [0.76 m]
50 lbm [22.7 kg]
Ultimate tool size depends on the appropriate gauge rings for the hole size.
250
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Wireline Services Catalog

Health, Safety, and the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Logging Platforms and Suites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Dielectric Dispersion Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

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Dipmeter and Imaging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

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PressureXpress-HT* high-temperature reservoir pressure service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Wireline Services Catalog

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PURE* clean perforations system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

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with the companys 15 product lines, the

in cased wells, including measurements

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Health, Safety, and

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Health, Safety, and

HSE Management System

The HSE Management System model

These are continuously improved by

Commitment and Leadership and Accountability

Policies and Objectives

Organization and Resources

Contractor and Supplier Management

Performance Monitoring and Improvement

Audits and Reviews

Wireline Services Catalog

Health, Safety, and the Environment

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HSE Policy Statement

Wireline Services Catalog

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Surface Acquisition and Imaging Systems

Wireline Services Catalog

and three-phase AC) at more than

comparable to those from a processing

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InterACT global connectivity,

The wellsite engineer simply uploads

install and maintain the system in the

Wireline Services Catalog

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cable (AWG 18 and 16 conductors and

Low-rate telemetry systemThe

400 degF [204 degC]

20,000 psi [138 MPa]

3.625 in [9.21 cm]

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Universal Payload Medium

18,000- and 26,000-lbf

The Optimum Service Land Carrier

The latest generation MediumService

Schlumberger heavy-duty modular offshore skid units are used to deploy