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Title: A Little Book of Filipino Riddles

Author: Various
Release Date: December 15, 2004 [EBook #14358]
Language: English
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*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A LITTLE BOOK OF FILIPINO RIDDLES
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Page1

Philippine Studies

A Little Book of Filipino Riddles

Collected and Edited
by Frederick

Starr

World Book Co.

Yonkers, New York
1909
Page2

Copyrighted1909byFrederickStarr
TheTorchPressCedarRapids,IowaPage3
THISLITTLEBOOKOF
FILIPINORIDDLES
ISDEDICATEDTO
GELACIOCABURIAN
CASIMIROVERCELES
RUFINODUNGAN
OF

AGOO,UNIONPROVINCEPage4

Introduction
AlthoughIhadalreadyinquiredforthemfromIlocanoboys,myfirstactualknowledgeof
FilipinoriddleswasduetoMr.GeorgeT.Shoens,AmericanteacheramongtheBisayans.He

hadmadeacollectionofsomefiftyBisayanriddlesandpresentedabriefpaperregardingthemat
theAnthropologicalConferenceheldatBaguio,undermydirection,onMay1214,1908.My
owncollectionwasbegunamongIlocanoofUnionProvincefromwhomabouttwohundred
examplesweresecured.OtherswerelatersecuredfromPangasinan,Gaddang,Pampangan,
BisayanandTagalsources.Myinformantshavechieflybeenschoolboys,whospokealittle
English;theywrotethetextofriddleandanswerintheirnativetongueandthenwewentover
themcarefullytogethertomakeanEnglishtranslationandtogetatthemeaning.ManyFilipinos
knowhowtoreadandwritetheirnativelanguage,althoughfewhavehadactualinstructionin
doingso.ThereisnoquestionthaterrorsandinconsistenciesPage5existinthespellingofthese
riddles,duetothislackofinstructionandtothefactthatthetextshavebeenwrittenbymany
differentpersons.IammyselfnotacquaintedwithanyMalaylanguage.Ihavetriedtosecure
uniformityinspellingwithinthelimitsofeachlanguagebuthavenodoubtoverlookedmany
inconsistencies.Theindulgenceofcompetentcriticsisasked.Ithasbeenourintention
throughouttoadheretotheoldorthography.Thustheinitialquandthefinalaohavebeen
preferred.
Thewordforriddlevarieswiththepopulation.InIlocanoitisburburtia,in
Pangasinanboniqueo,inTagalbugtong,inGaddang,inPampanganbugtong,in
Bisayantugmahanon.
Riddlesarecommontoallmankind.TheydelightedtheoldAryansandtheancientGreeksas
theydothemodernHinduandtheBantupeoplesofdarkestAfrica.Manywritershavedefined
theriddle.FriedreichinhisGeschichtedesRthsels,says:Theriddleisanindirectpresentation
ofanunknownobject,inorderthattheingenuityofthehearerorreadermaybeexercisedin
findingitout....Wolfhasgiventhefollowingdefinition:theriddleisaplayofwit,which
endeavorstosopresentPage6anobject,bystatingitscharacteristicfeaturesandpeculiarities,as
toadequatelycallitbeforethemind,without,however,actuallynamingit.
TheriddlesofvariousOrientalpeopleshavealreadybeencollectedandmoreorlessadequately
discussedbyauthors.HebrewriddlesoccurintheBible,thebestknowncertainlybeing
Samson's:

Outoftheeatercameforthmeat,
Andoutofthestrongcameforthsweetness.
Arabicriddlesaremanyandhavebeenconsiderablystudied;Persianriddlesarewellknown;of
IndianriddlesatleastonecollectionhasbeenprintedseparatelyunderthenameLakshminatha

upasaru,aseriesofKolarianriddlesfromChotaNagpurhasbeenprintedas,also,aninteresting
articleuponBeharriddles;Sanskritriddlesarenumerousandhavecalledforsomeattentionfrom
scholars;afewGypsyriddlesareknown;tworecentpapersdealwithCoreanriddles.Weknow
ofbuttworeferencestoMalayanriddles;oneisRizal,SpecimensofTagalFolkLore,theother
isSibree'spaperupontheOratory,Songs,Legends,andFolkTalesoftheMalagasy.Thisisno
doubtanincompletebibliographybutthefieldhasbeensadlyneglectedandeventosecurePage
7thislisthasdemandedmuchlabor.Itsufficestoshowhowdeeplytheriddleisrootedin
OrientalthoughtandindicatestheprobabilitythatriddleswereusedinMalaysialongbefore
Europeancontact.
TowhatdegreeFilipinoriddlesareindigenousandoriginalisaninterestingbutdifficult
question.SofarastheyareofEuropeanoriginorinfluencedbyEuropeanthought,theyhave
comefromorbeeninfluencedbySpain.Whatevercomparisonismadeshouldchiefly,and
primarily,bewithSpanishriddles.ButouravailablesourcesofinformationregardingSpanish
riddlesarenotnumerous.WehaveonlyDemofilo'sColleciondeenigmasyadivinanzas,printed
atSevillein1880,andaseriesoffivechapbooksfromMexico,entitledDelPegueo
Adivinadorcito,andcontainingatotalofthreehundredandsevenriddles.Filipinoriddlesdeal
largelywithanimals,plantsandobjectsoflocalcharacter;suchmusthavebeenmadeinthe
IslandsevenifinfluencedbySpanishmodelsandideas.Somedependuponpurelylocalcustoms
andconditionsthusnumbers170,237,etc.,couldonlyoriginatelocally.Some,towhichthe
answersaresuchwordsasegg,needleandthread,etc.,(answersPage8commontoriddlesinall
Europeanlands),maybeduetooutsideinfluenceandmaystillhavesomelocalornativetouch
orflavor,intheirmetaphors;thusNo.102isactuallyourHumptyDumptysatonawall;the
Mexicanformruns:

Unaarquitamuychiquita
tanblancacomolacal
todolosabenabrir
peroningunocerrar.
ButthemetaphortheKing'slimeboxcouldonlyoccurinadistrictofbetelchewingandisa
nativetouch.ManyoftheFilipinoriddlesintroducethenamesofsaintsand,tothatdegree,
evidenceforeigninfluence;buteveninsuchcasestheremaybelocalcoloring;thus,callingrain
dropsfallingrods,St.Joseph'srodscannotbecounted,couldhardlybefoundoutsideofthe
tropics.Religiousriddles,relatingtobeads,bells,church,crucifixes,arecommonenoughand

arenecessarilyduetooutsideinfluence,butevensuchsometimesshowanonEuropeanattitude
ofmind,metaphoricalexpressionorformofthought.
Everywhereriddlesvaryinqualityandvalue.Manyarestupidthings,crudelyconceivedand
badlyexpressed.Onlytheexceptionalisfine.Examineanypageofoneofourownriddle
booksPage9andyoumaycriticizealmosteveryriddleuponitforviewpoint,orform,orflavor.
WemustnotdemandmorefromFilipinoriddlesthanfromourown.Someknowledgeoflocal
products,customs,conditions,isnecessaryfortheunderstandingoftheirmeaning;when
understood,theyarefullyequaltooursinshrewdness,witandexpression.Kraussemphasizes
thefactthateverywhereriddlestendtocoarsenessandeventoobscenityanddiscussesthe
reasons.Whatistrueelsewhereistruehere;aconsiderablenumberofFilipinoriddlesarecoarse;
wehaveintroducedthembutemphasizethefactthatanyscientificallyformedcollectionof
GermanorEnglishriddleswouldcontainsomequiteasbad.
Probablyfewofourreadershaveconsideredthetaxonomyofriddles.Friedreichoffersaloose
andunscientificclassificationasfollows:

I.TheQuestionRiddle.

II.TheSimpleWordRiddle(withsevensubdivisions).

III.TheSyllableRiddleorCharade.

IV.TheLetterRiddle.
o 1.Withreferencetosound.
o 2.Withreferencetoform.

V.PunctuationRiddles.

VI.TheRebus.

VII.ComplexRiddles;combinationoftwoormoresimpletypes.

VIII.NumberRiddles.

Page10

Severaloftheseformsoccurinourcollection.

MorescientificthanFriedreich'sworkisPetsch'sStudienberdasVolksrtsel.Hisanalysisand
dissectionofriddleformsbestenableustotesttheindigenouscontentofourFilipinoriddles.He
recognizestwofundamentalriddletypes.Hesays:Twogroupsofriddleshavelongbeen
distinguishedinthecollections,thetruerhymedriddlesandtheshortcatchquestionsexpressed
inprose.Thedifferenceisnotonlyinformbutincontent.Trueriddleshaveaspurposethe
describingofanobjectinveiled,thoughtarousing,perhapsmisleading,poeticalclothing,which,
fromthispresentationofitsappearance,itssource,itsutility,etc.,shallberecognizedbythe
intelligence,i.e.,canandshallbeguessed.Catchquestions,onthecontrary,arenottobe
guessed,thequestionerintendinghimselftogivethesolution;attheirbesttheyareintendedto
trickthehearer,andsincetheirsolutionisimpossibletotheuninitiatedarenottrueriddlesbut
falseones.SinceIproposetodividethetotalriddlematerialofeachsinglenationbetween
thesePage11twogreatchiefgroups,mayInotsomewhatextendthescopeofthelatter,including
somethingswhicharerejectedfrommostcollectionsashavinglittletodowithactualriddles
thosequestionswhicharegenerallyinsolubleandsuchtestsofwisdomasappealnottowitand
understanding,buttoknowledgewhicharecertainlynottrueriddles.Thus,inthegrouphere
characterizedasfalsedifferentclassesofthingsarebroughttogether,thecharacteristicsof
whichIshallinvestigatelater.Itwouldbeinterestingtoquotetheauthor'sdiscussionfurther.
Wecan,however,onlystatethatherecognizesthreeclassesoffalseriddles,towhichhegives
thenameswisdomtests,liferansomingriddles,andcatchquestions.
Oftrueriddlesthereisavastvarietyofformandcontent.Mosttypicalisthedescriptiveriddle
ofasingleobjecttobeguessed.InitscompleteandnormalformPetschclaimsthatsuchariddle
consistsoffiveelementsorparts.1Introduction;2denominative;3descriptive;4restraintor
contrast;5conclusion.1and5aremerelyformal,trimmings;2and3areinherentandessential;
4iscommonandaddsvigorandinterest.SuchcompleteandnormalPage12riddlesarerarein
anylanguage.Usuallyoneormoreofthefiveelementsarelacking.Itisonlybysuchananalysis
ofriddleformsthatacomparativestudyofriddlescanbemade.Anysingleriddleisbest
understood,bytheconstantholdingbeforethemindthispatternframeworkandnotingthe
degreeofdevelopmentofthecaseinhand.
TheFilipinosthemselvesrecognizeseveralclassesofriddles.AnoldTagalladytoldusthere
werethreekinds:

1.Alodivino:concerningGodanddivinethings

2.Alohumano:concerningpersons

3.Parabula:allothers

Thereisnoscienceinthisclassification,whichembodiesconsiderablecorruptedSpanish.
Anotherinformantrecognizessixclasses:

1.Alodivino

2.Historiavino:historyofGodandsaints

3.Alohumano

4.Historiamano:historyofpersons.

5.Karlemano:Godandsaintsandpersonstogether.

6.Parabulaorbiniyabas.

Thesenamescallforlittlecommentandtheclassificationtheyembodyisoftheloosest.The
wordparabulaisPage13Spanishinsourceandequivalenttoourparable;biniyabasisTagal.
Somefeaturesofourriddlescallforcomment.Filipinoriddles,inwhateverlanguage,arelikely
tobeinpoeticalform.Thecommonesttypeisintwowellbalanced,rhyminglines.Filipino
versificationislessexactinginitsdemandinrhymethanourown;itissufficientifthefinal
syllablescontainthesamevowel;thusRizalsaysayupandpagud,avalandalam,rhyme.The
commonestriddleversecontainsfiveorseven,orsix,syllables,thus:

Daluangbalon
hindimalingon
or

BahayniSanGabriel
punongpunonangbarel.
JustasinEuropeanriddlescertainsetphrasesorsentencesarefoundfrequentlyatthebeginning
orendoftheriddle.InIlocanoandPangasinanacommonintroductoryformisWhatcreatureof
GodorWhatthingmadebyLordGod,theexpressioninrealitybeingequivalenttoasimple
what.Thesepiousformsdonotatallnecessarilyrefereithertoanimalsornaturalobjects;

thus,aboatorahouseisjustasgoodacreatureofGodasafowlis.Acommonformof
endingPage14isTellitandIamyours,GuessitandIamyourman.
QuiteanalogoustocallinginanimateorartificialthingscreaturesofGodisthepersonification
ofallsortsofthings,animateandinanimate;thus,aratisanoldman,adipperisaboy.Not
infrequentlytheobjectorideathuspersonifiedisgivenatitleofrespect;thus,CorporalBlack
isthenight.Akintopersonificationisboldmetaphorandassociation.Inthistheremayormay
notbesomeevidentanalogy;thusacrawfishisabird,thebancaorcanoeisrung(likea
bell.)Notuncommonlythewordhouseisusedofanythingthoughtofascontaining
something;thusSantaAna'shouse,SanGabriel'shouse;thisuseisparticularlyusedin
speakingoffruits.SantaAna'shouseisfullofbulletsisratherprettydescriptionforthe
papaya.Thewordworkisoftenusedforathingmade,oramanufacturedarticle.
Saints'namesareconstantlyintroduced,generallyinthepossessivecase;examplesareSanta
Ana'shouse,SantaMaria'sumbrella,SanJose'scanes.Lesscommonlythenamesofother
Bibleworthiesoccur;thusAdam'shair.ThereisnotalwaysanyPage15evidentfitnessinthe
selectionoftheSaintintheconnectionestablished.SanJose'sconnectionwithrainissuitable
enough.Onewouldneedtoknowagooddealregardinglocalandpopularhagiographyinorder
toseetowhatdegreetheselectionsareappropriate.
Sometimeswordswithoutmeaning,orwithnosignificanceintheconnectionwheretheyoccur
areused.Thesemayservemerelytofilloutalineortomeetthedemandsofmetre.Suchoften
appeartobenamesofthestyleofHumptyDumpty;thesemaybephoneticallyhappy,as
similaronesoftenareinEuropeanriddles,fittingwellwiththewordorideatobecalled
up.Marabotaniaisprobablymeaningless,merelyforeuphony.Placenameswithnoreal
connectionwiththethoughtarefrequentlyintroduced,asPantaleon,Mariveles.Guering
gueringandMiniminaremerelyforsound.
Particularlyinterestingandcuriousarethehistoriavinogiveninnumbers312317.Nodoubt
therearemanysuch.ThoseheregivenweresecuredfromoneboyatMalolos.Whenfirst
examined,IbelievedtheboyhadnotunderstoodwhatIwasafter.Heassuredmethatthey
werebugtongandbugtongofthebestandfinestclass.TheideainthesePage16istopropounda
statementinaparadoxicalform,whichcallsforsomereferencetoabiblestoryorteaching;the
answerisnotimmediatelyclearanddemandsacommentarywhichisquiteoftensubtleand
ingenious.FriedreichgivesexamplesofsimilarexpositoryreligiousriddlesfromEurope.
Acuriousgrouparetherelationshipriddles,numbers286289,whichcloselyresembletrick
questionsamongourselves.Theevidenceofoutsideinfluenceishereconclusiveinthefactthat

theideasandtermsofrelationshipinthemarepurelyEuropean,innowisereflectingthe
characteristicMalayansystemandnomenclature.
Someoftheriddlesaredistinctlystupid.Iletthesunshineonyourfather'sbackseemsto
meannomorethanthatthehouseroofisexposedtothesolarrays.Itisdoubtfulwhetherthis
meansmuchevenintheoriginalTagal.Ofcoursemanyoftheriddlesdemandfortheiradequate
understandingaknowledgeofnativecustoms,whichtheoutsiderrarelyhas.Thus,untilone
knowsacommonmethodofpunishingnaughtychildren,theriddleIhaveafriend;Idonotlike
tofacehimmeansnothing.PerhapsthemostdifficulttoadequatelypresentaresomeplaysPage
17onwords.Thesefrequentlyneedaconsiderableexplanation.Insomeofthesethepartsofthe
wordtoguessareconcealedinoraresuggestedbytheformofthestatementandonemust
extractthemandcombinethem;suchareiscopidorandsampaloc.Inotherstheplay
dependsuponhomophony,thesamesoundorwordhavedifferentmeanings.Inyetathirdclass
theanswerisasmartAlecksortofanaffair,Howdoyoutakeadeerwithoutnet,dogs,spear,
orotherthingsforcatching?Cooked.Mostinaneofall,butwithplentyofanaloguesamong
ourselves,arethosewheretheansweritselfisintroducedintothequestionwiththeintentionto
mislead;Itsskinisgreenanditsfleshisredlikeawatermelon.Watermelon.
Filipinoriddlesaremostlygivenoutbyyoungpeople.Whenseveralaregatheredtogetherthey
willquestionandanswer;theyaremuchinvoguewhenayounggentlemancallsuponhis
sweetheart;amongTagalsandPampangansatleastthechiefoccasionforgivingbugtongis
whenalittlegrouparewatchingatnightbesideacorpse.Inpropoundingariddleitisnot
uncommontochallengeattentionbyrepeatingaswittyarhyme,whichisquiteasoftenPage
18coarseaswitty.OneTagalexampleruns:

BugtongcokaPiro!
TuranmokaBaldo!
Paghindimonaturan
Hindicanangiwang;
Pagmaturanmo
Maytaeangpuitmo.

IhaveabugtongcompadreP!
GuessitcompadreB!
Ifyoucannotguessit

Youhavenotcleanedyourself;
Ifyoudonotguessit
Youaredirty.
WehavementionedtworeferencestoMalayriddles.OftheeightgiveninRizal'spaperfive
havebeengivenusbyourinformants.AsRizal'sentirepaperwillbereprintedinanothervolume
ofthisserieswehavenotcopiedtheotherthree.Sibree'spaperisimportantforcomparison,
sinceitpresentsmatterdrawnfromtheuttermostpointofMalaysia,Madagascar,whichhasbeen
unaffectedbySpanishinfluence.Sibree'sarticleistranslatedfromalittlebookbyanother
missionary,theRev.LouisDahle.Dahle'sbookisentitledSpecimensofMalayasyFolkloreand
itsmaterialispresentedinMalagasyPage19only.Mr.Sibreetranslatestwentyofhisriddles.They
areincharacterandflavorlikemanyoftheFilipinoriddles.AsSibreedoesnotgivethenative
textandIhavenotseenDahle'sbook,Icannotknowwhethertheyarerhymed.Theyareallof
thetypeoftrueriddlestobeguessed,descriptionswhereinoneortwocharacteristicsorstriking
featuresarepresented,eitherdirectlyorfiguratively.Examinationofthislittleseriesdeepensan
impressionalreadymadebystudyofourowncollection,namely,thatthetrueriddlesinour
seriesarelargelyoriginalFilipinowhiletheinsolubleriddles,thecatches,theplaysonwords,
arethosewhereforeigninfluenceismostevident.AlthoughSibree'sarticleiseasilyaccessible,
wequoteafewoftheseMalagasyexamplesforcomparison.
Cutandnowoundseen?Water,isournumber231.
Themothersaysletusstandup,butthechildrensayletuslieacross?Aladder.andAt
nighttheycomewithoutbeingfetchedandbydaytheyarelost,withoutbeingstolen?The
stars.arequiteinthestyleandspiritofFilipinoriddles.CompareCoarserafiaclothoutside
andwhiterobeinside?ManiocrootwiththePoorPage20outside;richwithin,Langcaof
theIlocano.
Theorderofpresentationoftheseriddleshasbeenaconsiderableproblem.Toarrangethem
rigidlyinPetsch'sorderofdevelopmentmighthavebeenfairlysatisfactorybutwouldhave
renderedthefindingofanydesiredriddledifficult.Wehavestruckoutacrudearrangementin
alphabeticalorderoftheEnglishanswers,withsubdivisionsundersomegeneralheadings.The
arrangementisnotscientificnorcompletelydeveloped,butitwillperhapsworkfairlywellin
practice.Theoriginaltextisfirstgivenforriddleandanswer;theEnglishtranslationofboth
follows;thenaregivensuchexplanationandcommentasarenecessary.Whenariddleoccursin
differentlanguages,thetextofthequestionisgiveninone,butthefactofitsoccurrencein
othersisindicated.

Weareindebtedtomanyforassistance.Thelististoolongforindividualacknowledgment.To
ouroriginalIlocanohelpersthislittlebookisdedicated.ToMessrs.GeorgeT.Shoens,Francisco
A.Santos(Calumpit),RufinoSantos(Arayat)andConradoBenitez(Pagsanghan),weareso
deeplyindebtedthattheirnamesmustbementioned.ToPage21schoolboysinAgoo,San
Fernando(Union),Malolos,ManilaandTayug,weowemanythanks.Wouldthatthepublication
ofthisimperfectcollectionmightleadtotheirgreaterinterestinaneglectedsectionoftheir
folklore.SomeMalayworkeroughttoperfectandcompletetheworkherebegun.
Thisvolumeisthefirstnumberofaseriesoflittlebookswhichtheundersignedplanstobring
outunderthegeneraltitleofPHILIPPINESTUDIES.Eachnumberwilltreatofadistinctand
separatesubject;eachwillbeindependent.Theextenttowhichtheserieswillbedeveloped,will
dependuponthereceptiongiventoitandthedegreeinwhichitappearstorespondtoareal
need.Twonumbersatanyratearealreadyarrangedandthesecondshouldappearwithinayear.
FREDERICKSTARR.
September,1909.Page22

Bibliography of Works Mentioned in the

Introduction
Bernheisel,K.KoreanConundrums.KoreanReview.1905,pp.8186.
Bloomfield,M.ReligionoftheVeda,pp.215218.(SanskritRiddles.)JournalAmerican
OrientalSociety,Vol.X,p.172.
Dahle,L.SpecimensofMalagasyFolkLore.Atananarivo,1877,8vo,pp.457.
DelpequenoAdivinadorcito.Mexico.Fivechapbooks,16moeach,16pp.
Demofilo.Collecciondeenigmasyadivinanzas.Sevilla,1880.8vo,pp.495.
Friedreich,J.B.GeschichtedesRtsels.Dresden,1860.8vo,pp.viii,248.
Fhrer,A.SanskritischeRtsel.ZeitschriftderDeutsch.MorganlnderGesel.1885.pp.99102.
Haug.VedischeRtselfragenundRtselspruche.Trans.MunichAcademy,1875.

Krauss,F.S.AllegemeineMethodikd.Volkskunde189197,p.112.Page23
KoreanConundrums.KoreanReview.Seoul;1906.pp.5960.
Lakshminathaupasaru.CollectionofRiddles.Patna,1888.32mo,pp.32.
Ludwig.DerRigVeda.iii.pp.390.
Mitra.SaratChandra.RiddlescurrentinBihar.JournalAsiaticSociety,1901,8vo,pp.3358.
Petsch,R.StudienberdasVolksrtsel.Berlin.1898,8vo,pp.139.
Phillott,D.C.PersianRiddles.Calcutta,1906.JournalAsiaticSocietyofBengal,pp.8694.
Rizal,J.SpecimensofTagalFolkLore.London,1889,Trubner'sRecord,pp.4546.
Sibree,Jr.,J.TheOratory,Songs,LegendsandFolkTalesoftheMalagasy.London,1883,Folk
LoreJournal,pp.3840.
TwoGypsyRiddles.JournalGypsyFolkLoreSociety,1907,pp.92.
Wagner,P.SomeKolarianRiddles.Calcutta,1904.JournalAsiaticSocietyofBengal,pp.62
79.
Page24

Filipino Riddles
Animals: mammals.
1
AniaitipinarsuaitiDiosabalinsuecamaturog?
(Iloc.)Panniqui
WhatthingthatGodmadesleepswithitsheaddown?
Bat

Pantascaman,atmarunongbumasaatsumulat,alingibonditosamundoanglumilipaday
sumususoanganak?
(Tag.)Kabag
Althoughyouarewiseandknowhowtoreadandwrite,whichbirdinthisworldfliesandyet
sucklesitsyoung?
Bat

3
Uppatitiadiguina,maysaitibaotna,duaitipaypayna,duaitiboneng.
(Iloc.)Carabao
Fourposts,onewhip,twofans,andtwobolos.
CarabaoPage25

4
Apatnatukodlangitatisangpanghagupit.
(Tag.)Kalabao
Fourearthposts,twoairpostsandwhip.
Carabao

5
Saqueysotorutoroduarayquepayquepayapatiraymansobsoblay.
(Pang.)Dueg
Onepointing,twomoving,fourchanging.
Carabao
Theheadpoints,theearsmove,thelegschangeposition.

6
Numattutludayatanangudde;numattadagayibbafa.
(Gad.)Atu

Ifhesitsdownheishigh;ifhestandsupheislow.
Dog

7
AddamaysangaparsuaniApoDiosngaaddauppatasacana,ipusnaquenmaysangaulonanga
aoantiimana.
(Iloc.)Caballo
ThereisonecreatureofourLordGodwhichhasfourlegsandatailandonehead;butithasno
arms.
HorsePage26

8
Carganangcargaayualangupa.
(Tag.)Babuy
Alwaysworkingandnopay.
Thepig
Heisevereatinggarbageandwaste.

9
EtonasiNuno,maysunongnaguinto.
(Tag.)Babuy
HerecomesNunowithgoldonhishead.
Pig
Thepigisaconstantscavengerandfrequentsthespacebelowlatrinesandprivies;itisacommonthingthathis
snoutisyellowasresultofhissearch.

10
Magmagnaniinamsangsangitam.
(Iloc.)Burias

Whilethemotheriswalkingthechildiscrying.
Alittlepig

11
Addamaysangalacaygomogoyodtioay.
(Iloc.)Bao
Thereisanoldman,whoalwaysdragsrattan.
Rat
i.e.histail.Page27

12
KahoycongMarigundong,nasangayualangdahon.
(Tag.)Sungay
MytreeinMarigundong(towninCavite)hasbranchesbutnoleaves.
Horn
Thebranchinghornofadeer.

13
Macocaquian,yacunamaningquian.
(Pamp.)Dingbitisdaringanimalatiapatabitisnunglalacadya.
Away!letmehaveyourplace.
Theforwardlegsofananimal
Thehindfeettreadintheprintsoftheforefeet.

Bell.
14
Nanghatakencoangbagingnagkaguloangmatsing.
(Tag.)Batingao

WhenIpulledthevinethemonkeyscamearound.
Bell

15
Tinugtogcoangbangcanagsilapitangisda.
(Tag.)CampanasamisaPage28
Irangthebancaandthefishescame.
Bell
Bancaisthecanoeorboat;tostrikeitaswiththepoleistoringit.Peoplecalledtomassbytheringingbellare
likenedtofishes.

16
Togtoquectiteppangagarayattibagsang
(Iloc.)Campana
Istrikeuponthewashoutandthebagsangcomeforhelp.
Bell
Thecurvedsideofthebelliscomparedtoawashedoutslopeorcurveofthebank;thebagsangaresmall
fishes;thebellisthechurchbellthelittlefishesarethepeople.

17
OtinnenlaquicTapalnibaleuetedcorralmanaquis,yaagnaecal.
(Pang.)Campana
Tapal'shangingwithinthecorraliscryingtogetout.
Bell
Tapalisanicknameforanoldman.

Betel.
18

Addatallongababbalasangquetnomapandamaquimisa;iticaoestimaysaataberde,quet
dadiaymaysaPage29ataporao,quendadiaymaysaatalomabaga;quetnorommuardanata
malabagaaminiticaoesdan.
(Iloc.)Mamabuyo
Therearethreeladieswhowenttomass;thedressofonewasgreen,ofanotherwhite,ofthe
otherred;whentheycameouttogetherthedressesofallwerered.
Betel

19
Nasatiyanpanangkanyangina,kinuhaatpinapagasawa.
(Tag.)Angbungangisinasamasaitso
Stillinhismother'sbodywastakenandmadetomarry.
Betel
Thearecanutisfirsttakenoutofitscoveringbeforebeingunitedwiththebetelleafandlime.

20
Bulongtiptipparo;pusobalasangbaro.
(Iloc.)Mama
Atiptipparoleaf;theheart,ayoungmanandayoungwoman.
Betel

21
PapelaberdesinoratactipuraoPage30quetintedcoitisangailidinainsubli.
(Iloc.)Gaoed
Iwroteagreenpaperwithwhite:Igaveittomyvisitorandhedidnotreturnit.
Betelleaf
Whitelimeissmeareduponthegreenleaf,whichisthenusedtoenwrapabitofarecanutforchewing.

Birds.

22
Nagcapadimetnagpadi;Nagcoronadimetnagari.
(Iloc.)Manoc
Gownbutnotpriest;crownbutnotking.
Cock

23
Nancoronaagimietari;nancapaagmuetpari.
(Pang.)Manoc
Theking'scrownbutnotking;thepriest'scope,butnotpriest.
Cock

24
AniatipinarsuaniApoDiosngaaggungontimaquimbabaquetagpidottimaquinngato?
(Iloc.)Manoc
WhatthingthatLordGodmadePage31siftsbelowandpicksupabove?
Fowl

25
DinaypinalsayDiosyamanagtaycarne?
(Pang.)Manoc
WhatcreatureofGodiswithmeatonitshead?
Cock

26
AniaaparsuoniApoDiostinagsusoonticarnengaaoantiimana?
(Iloc.)Tapingar
WhatcreatureofourLordGodcarriesmeatbuthasnohands?
Cock

Themeatisthecock'scomb.

27
Uyanauyanamamuntukyangbaya!
(Pamp.)Manuc
Herehecomeswithglowingcharcoalonhishead!
Acock

28
Noumayacidiaybalayoagtuptupuaccayo.
(Iloc.)Manoc
IfIcometoyourhouseyouwilljumpaway.
Fowl

Boats.
29
AniatipinarsuaniApoDiosngaPage32ipagnanatibocotna?
(Iloc.)Baloto
WhatcreaturemadebyLordGodwalksonitsback?
Boat

30
Oalayasocyaquisquisnoonbatictirakiang.
(Pang.)Baloto
Ihaveahairlessdog,whogoesbellyupward.
Boat

31

Naligoangcapitanhindinabasaangtian.
(Tag.)Banca
Thecaptaintookabathwithouthisbellygettingwet.
Banca

32
Addaimpatacdercoacaoayannoagbolongintan.
(Iloc.)Parao
Isetupabambu;ifitleafsoutweshallgo.
Prao
Thebambusetupisthemast;theleafisthesail.

33
Nanongacahoyngaconmaydahonmaygamut,peroeonuaayganidahonuaaymansing
gamut?
(Bis.)Parao
Whattreeisit,thatwhenithasPage33leavesitalsohasroots,butwhenithasnoleavesitalso
hasnoroots?
Parao
Sail,rudderandoars.

34
Nagalacatnagahayang.
(Bis.)Sacayan
Hewalkswithhisback.
Aship

35

Manicamacotana,
tipacaquetitana.
(Pamp.)Ancla
Comeupandletusgo,godownandherewestay.
Anchor

Body: parts.
36
AniatipinarsuatiDiosamasicogtilicudan?
(Iloc.)Botoy
WhatthingcreatedbyGodhasthefullnessofpregnancy(masicog)behind?
Thecalfoftheleg
Masicogistheswollenabdomenofthepregnantwoman.

37
Bulongticappacappanagtalicudnagpada.
(Iloc.)Lapayag
Cappacappaleavesplacedbacktoback.
EarsPage34

38
Daluangbalonhindimalingon.
(Tag.)Tainga
Twowells,ofwhichyoucannotcatchsight.
(Your)ears

39
Pitoititaoana;taltalloitirequepna.

(Iloc.)Lapayag,agong,mata,ngioat
Therearesevenwindows;onlythreeshut.
Ears,nostrils,eyes,mouth

40
Sipacngasipac,saanngamangegticaaroba.
(Iloc.)Mata
Clapsandclaps,buttheneighborsdonothear.
Eyes

41
Tepaccactantepacagnereguelnaybac.
(Pang.)Mata
Clappingandclappingbutmycompanionscannothearme.
Eyes

42
Dalauacongcahonbucsanualangugong.
(Tag.)Mata
Iopenmytwoboxesnoiselessly.
EyesPage35

43
Dalawangbatongmaitimmalayoangdinarating.
(Tag.)Mata
Twoblackstoneswhichreachfar.
Eyes

44

Dalawangtindahansabaynabinubucsan.
(Tag.)Mata
Twostoresareopenatthesametime.
Eyes

45
AddaduangaPrincesasquetnagsengngatandaitiduangabantay;noagsangititimaysa
agsangitdangadua.
(Iloc.)Mata
Therearetwoprincesses,wholiveonthetwosidesofamountain;whenonecriesbothcry.
Theeyes

46
Addaduangapisiagtongpalidiaylangit.
(Iloc.)Mata
Therearetwohalves;theygotowardthesky.
Eyes

47
Malaonnangpatayhindimaibaonatbuhayangcapitbahay.
(Tag.)BulagangisangmataPage36
Itisalongtimesinceitdied,yetitcannotbeburiedforitsneighborisstillalive.
Oneblindeye

48
Seoraasamsampingaddaitiunegtisarming.
(Iloc.)Taotaotimata
Asamsampingisinthemiddleofthemirror.
Thepupiloftheeye

49
Daluangbalahibuhenmasarappagdaiten.
(Tag.)Mataatkilay
Twohairythings,it'spleasanttohavethemmeet.
Eyelids

50
AddaduangaPrincesaquetnagbaetandatimaysangabantayquetdaytoyabantayaddametdua
ngaoaigquetnoagsangitdaguitoyaPrincesaagayosmetdaytoyngaoaigngemnosaandanga
agsangitmamagaandaguitoyngaoaig.
(Iloc.)Mataquenagung
Therearetwoprincesseswithamountainbetweenthem.Inthismountainaretwobrooksand
whentheprincessescrythesebrooksPage37flowandwhentheprincessesdonotcrythebrooks
dryup.
Eyesandnose

51
Isangbiyabaspitoangbutas.
(Tag.)Mukha
Oneguavawithsevenholes.
Face

52
Limangpunonangniog;isaymatayog.
(Tag.)Dalire
Fivecocoanutpalms;oneishigher.
Fingers

53

AddalimangaPrincipesnagcallogongdaamintipisi.
(Iloc.)Ramay
Therearefiveprincesandtheirhatisonehalf.
Fingers
Thenailsarethehats.

54
Addamaysangaealapatinganagnatitingatiilimanocayoconatiarinoaddamainayonngapisi
justongaduapolocami.
(Iloc.)Ramay
Thereisadovethatwalkedinthemiddleofthetown.Howmanyareyousaidtheking.Ifthere
isaPage38halfaddedweshallbetwenty.
Fingers

55
Niniconconanaaoantimatana
(Iloc.)Tammodo
Here,here,hesays,buthasnoeyes.
Forefinger
Itpointshereandthere,touchingthethingsinquestion,butitcannotsee.

56
Tatabaculudayainmenamaitanauttunnasicatanangnga.
(Gad.)Quiray
Amountainthesummitofwhichcannotbeseen,beingveryhigh.
Forehead

57
Tubosapunso,ualangbuko.

(Tag.)Buhoc
Sugarcaneonclay,withnojoints(knots).
Hair

58
Cahoyngatambalisa,tapsonindimalaya.
(Bis.)Buhoc
Aplantwhichdoesnotfadewhencutdown.
Hair

59
Iclogiticalaoboligitilima.
(Iloc.)ImaPage39
Thecalao'seggisfiveparted.
Hand
Thecalaoisthehornbill;theegghereinquestionisperhapshisstrangeheadexcrescence.

60
Isangbayabaspetoangbutas.
(Tag.)Ulo
Oneguavawithsevenholes.
Head

61
Isacabungsudngapitoangiyabuho.
(Bis.)Olo
Asmallhillhavingsevenholes.
Head

62
Sicaataotiyantiminuterum.
(Iloc.)Puso
Youarethemanwhohastheminutebeater.
Heart
Minuterumthependulumbeating.

63
Noagtacderacaniangatatiomonaaipagnae?
(Iloc.)Mocod
IfIstand,whatwillbethefirstthatsteps?
Heel

64
Daluangbangiasannaghahagaran.
(Tag.)BintePage40
Twofencestakeschasingeachother.
Legs

65
Atiannainggulut;inggulutnayaingatian.
(Pamp.)Bitis
Itsfrontistheback,anditsbackisthefront.
Thelowerleg(belowtheknee)

66
Addaoaigabassitnapnutbucbucaig.
(Iloc.)Ngioat

Thereisasmallbrookfilledwithshells.
Mouth

67
Isangbalongmalalem,punongpunonangpatalem.
(Tag.)Bibig
Adeepwellisfilledwithchisels.
Mouth

68
Isacacahoncahonngapunusangtiguib.
(Bis.)Baba
Aboxfullofchisels.
Mouth

69
Duangabobonnapnotallidquendagum.
(Iloc.)AgungPage41
Twowellsfilledwithwaxandneedles.
Nose

70
BastontiYgorotdicamaparot
(Iloc.)Bato
ThecaneoftheIgorot,youcannotpullup.
Penis

71
Mapataryadalintinoboaygaring.
(Pang.)Ngipuen

Plainearthhasgrownivory.
Teeth

72
Umonangaaglaguissaagdareedec.
(Iloc.)Ngipen
Firstplacethebarsandthentheposts.
Theteeth
Thecomparisoniswithfencebuilding.Herethepostsarefirstset,andthenthecrosspieces.Thebabehasfirst
smooth,horizontalgums;thentheuprightteethappear.

73
Nagapanilongapangbasa.
(Bis.)Dila
Heisundertheshedbutisalwayswet.
TonguePage42

74
Enlongonempantiononbangonmansermon.
(Pang.)Dila
Coffiningraveyardwakesupsermon.
Tongue

75
Namanantangaymaccatuauddenamannamaymalussao.
(Gad.)Attut
Hewholosesitrejoices,buthewhofindsitgetsmadatit.
Badodor;breakingwind

76

Itinacapocaoagayayatquetitinacabirocagongonget
(Iloc.)ottot
Wholosesitisglad;whofindsitismad.
Badodor;Breakingofwind

77
Magnasirirquepnonacalucatmadimet.
(Iloc.)Mucat
Itwalkswhileitisshut;whenitisopenitdoesnotcaretowalk.
Secretionfromeyecorner

78
Asocongputeinutusanco,ayhindinaumue.
(Tag.)LuraPage43
Isentoutmywhitedogandhedidnotreturn.
Spittle
Thepracticeofspitting,evenunrelatedtobetelchewingortobaccochewing,isfarcommoneramongthe
Filipinosthanamongourselves.

Book.
79
Tinadtadarootinsenpenapanonot.
(Iloc.)Libro
Choppedgrasshiddeninthemind.
Book
Fodderorfoodforthought.

80

Nagbulongnagbungananganacdiaynangala.
(Iloc.)Pagbasan
Ithasleavesandfruits,Godfathertookit.
Book

Candle.
81
Aniaitianacapoorannaitibaguisniinana?
(Iloc.)Candela
Whatsonburnshismother'sintestines?
Candle

82
Titenangpare,mapute.
(Tag.)CandelaPage44
Thepriest'siswhite.
Candle

83
Kungbabayaanmongakoaymabuhayyaongkamatayaydaglikongkakamtan,ngungitkung
akoypataingpaminsanaylalonglalawigangingatkongbuhay.
(Tag.)Kandilangmaysindi
IfyouletmeliveIshallsoondie;ifyoukillmeIshalllivelong.
Alightedcandle

84
Masondugacayutalaquenadonna.
(Gad.)Candela

Aslendertreewhichbearsonlyoneleaf.
Lightedcandle

85
Isangbutelnapalaypunongpunoangbahay.
(Tag.)Ilao
Agrainofricefillsthewholehouse.
Light
Theflameofacandleisalittlething,comparabletoaricegrain;yetitgiveslighttothewholehouse.

Cardinal Points.
86
Addauppatangaamigos;idinaparsuatoylubongindanaisigud.
(Iloc.)UppataturongPage45
Therearefourfriends;theyhaveexistedsincethebeginning.
Thefourdirections

Clock: Watch.
87
Aldaorabiiagririaoac.
(Iloc.)Reloj
DayandnightIcry.
Clock

88
Amanunamararamdam,dapotmasaquityangintindian,nunginglupanaingquecanglauana
ustamuingqucangsasabian.
(Pang.)Relos

Hiswordsareaudiblebutdifficulttounderstand;whenyoulookathisfaceyouwillunderstand
whathesays.
Clock

89
AniatiparsuaniapoDiosngaaoantiimanangaaoantisacanaquetammonatiagsao?
(Iloc.)Leros=reloj
WhatcreatureofGodhasnoarmsandlegs,butcantalk?
Clock

Coffin.
90
Angnagapahimonagahibi;angnagahimoindiiya;angtagiyaualaPage46singcalibutan.
(Bis.)Longon
Theonewhoordersitmadeiscrying;theonewhohasit,itisnothistogive;theonewhoowns
itdoesnotcareanythingaboutit.
Coffin

Disease.
91
Taongbuhayinaanay.
(Tag.)Bulutong
Alivingpersonbeingeatenupbyanay.
Smallpox
Anay,termitesorwhiteants.

92
Aniatipagayatannaamabalud.

(Iloc.)Timasaquit
Whydoeshewishtobeinprison?
Pain

Dress.
93
Dadiayadalemagassiquet;dadiayababaoagatengngned.
(Iloc.alsoPang.,Bis.)Calzon;bado
Whatisdeepreachesonlytothewaist;whatisshallowcomestotheneck.
Drawers;jacketPage47

94
Daluangpipitnagtitimbangansaisangsiit.
(Tag.)Hicao
Twopipitsbalancingonabambustick.
Earrings
Thepipitisasmallbird.

95
Bumiliakonangalipinmataaspasaakin.
(Tag.)Sambalilo
Iboughtaslave,tallerthanmyself.
Hat

96
Aniataramidacanennaca,
(Iloc.)Bado
Whatworkdevoursyou.

Camisa
Thewordworkisusedinseveraloftheseriddleswiththemeaningofathingmade,amanufacturedarticle.
Thecamisaisashirt.

97
Nacaquitaacitiduaasasacayan;maymaysatnaglugan.
(Iloc.)Zapatos
Isawtwoboats;onlyonepersonwasonboard.
Shoes

98
Dalamosiya,dalacaniya.
(Tag.)BakiaPage48
Youcarryititcarriesyou.
Shoe

09
Dalanmucu,dalandaca,mipaquinabangcata.
(Pamp.)Sapin
Carryme,Iwillcarryyou;letussharealike.
Shoes

Drinks.
100
Conaganagalapta,peroconhaponnagatipon.
(Bis.)Tuba
Inthemorningitisscatteredinmanyplaces,butintheeveningitisunitedintooneplace.
Tuba

Anintoxicatingdrinkmadefromcocoapalmsap;itisgathereddaily.Inthemorningitisatthetreeswhich
yield;ateveningitisbroughtinandstored.

101
Addamaysaabalasangconanatoymaysaabaronoayatennacdacqueltipagdacsam.
(Iloc.)Arac
TherewasaladysaidtoagentlemanIfyoulovemeitwillharmyou.
Wine

Egg.
102
YtipagapugantiAri;Page49nomaluctansaanngamaisubli.
(Iloc.)Itlog
Thelimeboxoftheking;ifyouopenityoucannotrestoreit.
Anegg

103
AddabayabascoidiayManilaaoantipamorosanna.
(Iloc.)Itlog
IhaveaguavainManilathathasnostem.
Egg

104
Angbalaysangencantadorauaayventanauaaypuerta.
(Bis.)Itlog
Thehouseofanenchantresswhichhasneitherwindownordoor.
Egg

Fishes.

105
Lindusneenetiran,dapotkingasbukyamilulan.
(Pamp.)Balulingi
Harpooningatithemissedit,butitwentintohismouth.
Balulungi
Theshovelnosedshark.Inaimingatfood,ifitreallyentershismouthwhichPage50isbelowthelongand
projectingsnout,hemustseemtomissit.

106
Addamaysangalacay;puqiiisngaoacray.
(Iloc.)Corita
Thereisanoldman;hishaircutshort,thehairhangs.
Corita
Itisafish,withslender,pendent,feelers.

107
Asinotinabiagatogtogaoannatingeoatna?
(Iloc.)Corita
Whatlivingthingsitsonitsmouth?
Corita

108
AniaitiparsuaniApoDiosngapispisiitibaguina?
(Iloc.)Dadali
WhatcreatureofourLordGodisbutahalfbody?
Flounder

109

Nagsaengsipusong,saibabaoanggatong.
(Tag.)Bibingca
Theclowncookedricewiththefireabove.
Cake

110
Tignan,tignan,bagongiuitan.
(Tag.)MaisPage51
Lookatitfirst,beforemakingafaceatit.
Corn
Referstoeatingitfromthecob.

111
Piapiamarabotinia
noaoandaytamatayca.
(Iloc.)Bagas
Piapiamarabotinia,
Ifthereisnoneyouwilldie.
Rice

112
Siasinongatatinagbuniagadaga?
(Iloc.)Asin
Whatearthhasbeenbaptised?
Salt

113
Aniatcangatoanarecado?
(Iloc.)Asin

Whatisthebestspice?
Salt

114
Perlasyangmaningningaibatqungmina,nungmibalicyaqungpenibatanamatdaingningning
na.
(Pamp.)Asin
Asparklingpearlthatcamefromthemine,ingoingtoitssourcelosesitsbrilliancy.
Salt
Theoriginalsourcewasthesea;butinwatersaltdissolves.Page52

Fruit.
115
Matebtibonecmalimtimbocolbagobagooaytapucoanbalbalangaydalem.
(Pang.)Atsuete
Round,plump;hairyoutside;redinside.
Atsuete
Aredfruitusedforseasoningfish.

116
Ulongprincipetinadtadngispile.
(Tag.)Bungangbangcol
Headofaprincestuckfullofpins.
Bangcol
Itislikearoundballstuckwithpins.

117
DinanyanpenalsayDiosyaloabtodtablaitsaypaoaytoelequet.

(Pang.)Cabatite
WhatcreatureofGodissmoothinsidebutlikeanetoutside?
Afruit.Cabatite

118
Agbibitinasinanlagangan.
(Iloc.)Damortis
Hanginglikeapotrest.
Camachilis(fruit)

119
BalayniSantaAnanalicmutticaramba.
(Iloc.)NiogPage53
SantaAna'shouseissurroundedbyajar.
Cocoanut

120
Langitngato,langitbaba,danomtitengana.
(Iloc.alsoPang.,Tag.)Niog
Skyabove,skybelow,waterinthemiddle.
Cocoanut

121
DanumsadiMinimin,dimastrectiangin.
(Iloc.)Niog
ThewaterofMinimin,thewindcannotreachit.
Cocoanut

122

Sangbatapamaniuang,anaysangtigulangnamatamboc.
(Bis.)Lubi
Whenyoungheislean,butwhenhebecomesoldheisfat.
Cocoanut
Themeatofthecocoanutgrowsinthickness.

123
Tatlongbundokangtinibagbagodumatingnangdagat.
(Tag.)Niog
Threemountainswereblowndownbeforetheyreachedthesea.
CocoanutPage54
Thehusk,theshell,andthemeatarepassedtoreachthewaterwithin.

124
Pispisiadalayapnagcatlonagcapat.
(Iloc.)Buquelticapas
Ahalflemondividesintothreeorfour.
Fruitofcotton

125
Addamaysangabangangabassit;Napnotibatongababassit.
(Iloc.alsoPang.)Bayabas
Hereisalittlepot;itisfullofsmallstones.
Guava

126
Alingcacaniaditosamundoangnacalabasangbuto?
(Tag.)Kasoy

Whichofhisbrothersinthisworldhashisbonesoutside?
Kasoy
Afruit,thehardseedofwhichprojectsentirelybeyonditsoutersurface.

127
Isangungoynakauposalusong.
(Tag.)Kasoy
Onemonkeysittingonamortar.
Kasoy
TheseedofthebalubadorKasoysuggeststhefigure.Page55

128
Babuysapulo,angbalahibuaypaco.
(Tag.)Langca
Wildhog,whosehairsarenails.
Langca

129
Pobretirabaonamayamantionegna.
(Iloc.)Langca
Pooroutside,richwithin.
Langca

130
Tinadtadtirabaona,lauyationegna.
(Iloc.,alsoPang.)Langca
Mincedoutside;lauyawithin.
Langca

Lauya;meatonbones,thoroughlycookedinwaterwithvinegarandspices.Langcaisalargesortofbreadfruit.

131
Agbibitinngaoging.
(Iloc.,alsoPang.)Longboy
Charcoalhanging.
Longboy
Aplumlikefruit.

132
Addainbitincongalangdettangtangadentibaboaquet.
(Iloc.)Longboy
Ihangupachoppingblock:theoldwomenlookupatit.
LongboyPage56

133
Hindihayop,hinditao,
Nagdadamitngdepano.
(Tag.)Mabalo
Notananimal,notaman,
Yetitiscladinvelvet.
Mabalo
Afruitsomewhatlikeapeach.

134
Agbibitenapuso.
(Iloc.)Manga
Ahearthanging.
Mango

135
Isangcabangseorito,pulusmaysombrero.
(Tag.)Bunga
Agroupoflittlegentlemen,allwiththeirhats.
Palmnuts

136
BahayniSantaAnapunongpunonangbala.
(Tag.)Papaya
SantaAna'shouseisfullofbullets.
Papaya
Thepapayacontainsabundanceofround,shining,blackseedsthesizeofbuckshotorlarger.

137
Metungabulsamitmuyangpaminta.
(Pamp.)KapayaPage57
Apocketfullofpeppercorns.
Papaya
Theroundblackseedsofthepapayaarethepeppercorns.

138
AbongninDoaMariaalictobnabotilla.
(Pang.)Apayas
DoaMaria'shouseissurroundedbyabottle.
Papaya

139
BalayniSantaMarianalicmuttiespada.

(Iloc.,alsoPang.,Gad.,Bis.)Pia
SantaMaria'shouseissurroundedbyswords.
Pineapple

140
Seoraanasamsamitaddatonegtisiit.
(Iloc.)Pia
Asweetladyamongthethorns.
Pineapple

141
Isangdalagangmaycoronaatcaloobsaanaymaymata.
(Tag.)Pia
Theladywithacrownhaseyeseverywhere.
PineapplePage58

142
Agbibitenadanog.
(Iloc.)Santol
Afisthanging.
Santol

143
BahayniSangGabriel,punongpunonangbarel.
(Tag.)Lucban
SanGabriel'shouseisfullofguns.
Shaddock

Furniture.

144
Conadlaonagauba,perocongabinagasaya.
(Bis.)Catre;mosquitero
Duringthedaysheisnaked,butatnightsheputsonherskirt.
Bed;mosquitobar

Games.
145
Asocosapantalan,lumucsonangpitongbalon,umulinangpitonggubat,bagonagtanaodagat.
(Tag.)Sungkahan
Mydogfromthewharfjumpedoversevenwells,jumpedagainoversevenforests,beforeitsaw
thesea.
Mancala
ThiswellknowngameisplayeduponaPage59boardinwhichanumberofroundpitsarescoopedout;two
linesofsevenoftheseareplacedsidebyside.

Greeting.
146
Bumileakonangbigas,bigasdinangibinayad.
(Tag.)Angpagbibigaynangmagandangaraoogabisakaninoman.
Iboughtricewithrice.
Theexchangeofgreetinggoodmorningorgoodnight.

Hammock.
147
Tarayngataraydimetmacaalis.

(Iloc.)Indayon
Runningandrunning,butitcannotgoaway.
Hammock

148
Addacaballocalabangagsinanpontolpanalian.
(Iloc.)Indayon
Ihaveagrayhorse;Icanhalterhimatbothends.
Hammock

Heavenly bodies.
149
Kabacnaniogmagdamagnakinayod.
(Tag.)BuanPage60
Halfacocoanut,retreatingslowlyallnight.
Moon

150
Kabiacnaniog,magdamagnaipodnangipod.
(Tag.)Buan
Ahalfcocoanut,scrapedthewholenight.
Moon
Themoonkeepsfreshlywhite,likecocoanutmeatjustscraped.

151
Sancagaliparabongsilaoannaaminalobong.
(Iloc.)Bulan
Ahalfsectionofabambushootilluminatesthewholeworld.

Moon

152
Addapisiadalayapngaincalic;talloapapadidinamacali.
(Iloc.)Bulan
Iplantedahalflemon;threepriestscannotdigitup.
Moon

153
LetrangCamagingO,OmagingC.
(Pamp.,alsoTag.)Bulan
TheletterCbecomesO,ObecomesC.
TheMoonPage61

154
Simmigpatactitanobongsilaocoanagodong;simmigpatactialodig,silaoconganagaoid.
(Iloc.)Bulanquenbituen
IchopatanobongforlightwhenIgototown;IchopanalodigforlightwhenIgohome.
Moonandstars
Atanobongisasortofbambu;alodigisasmallbush.

155
Addamaysangadalayapimporoaccoidiaytayacnomaybagamcucuanac.
(Iloc.)Bulan
TherewasalemonwhichIthrewoutintothewideplain.GuessitandIshallbeyours.
Moon

156
Akoaynaghasiknangmais,pagkaumagaaypalis.

(Tag.)Bituin
Isowedmaizegrains;inthemorningtheyweresweptaway.
Stars

Thestars,grainsofmaize,disappearwiththedawn.Page62

157
Sangaplatongabusimaoarasannaamintiinilinili.
(Iloc.)Bituen
Aplateofroastedricecanbespreadalloverthetown.
Stars

158
Mayaquitalilanungingsumbumacaslagya,dapotnungcapilanmilacoyacarinlapaquit.
(Pamp.)Batuinataldo
Whenthelampisshiningtheycanscarcelybeseen,butwhenitistakenawaytheybecome
visible.
Starsandsun

159
AbongnenDonJuanagnalocasan.
(Pang.)Aguco
DonJuan'shouse,youcannotopen.
Sun

160
Caoayanquelingagnataquiling.
(Pang.)Agueo
Youcannotlookdirectlyatcaoayanqueling.

Sun
Asortofbambu,ofgreatdiameter.

161
Isbutiandiditdimasirip.
(Iloc.)Ynit
Andidit'surinecannotbelookedat.
Sun
Theandiditisacricket.Page63

162
Kungakoayiyongpakatitiganpagkitasaakiydimapapalaran.
(Tag.)Arao
Ifyoulookatme,youcannotseeme.
Sun

163
Nagmulaacitisabaidiaydayasaananagbungatanaabacticuenta,nagmulaacitiniogidiaylaud
saananaguguttanaabacitipanonotna.
(Iloc.)Ynitquenbulan
IplantedabananaintheeastanditdidnotfruitforitlostthecountandIplantedacocoanutin
thewestanditdidnotsproutbecauseitlostitsmind.
Sunandmoon

Hole.
164
Tapatngaguindadugangantapatnganagamagan.
(Bis.)Buho

Thelargeritgrows,thelighteritbecomes.
Ahole

House: and parts.

165
DinanyanpenalsayDiosyasayquenantoitmaengal?
(Pang.)Abong
WhatcreatureofGod,havingeatenmakesanoise?
HousePage64

166
AmaitipinarsuaniApoDiosngaagtagtagaritiquinnanna?
(Iloc.)Balay
WhatcreatureofLordGodhastalkingitsfood?
House

167
AmaitiparsuaniApoDiosngaumonangaagsiliasaagapap.
(Iloc.)Balay
WhatcreatureofLordGodputsthesaddlefirstandthentheblanket?
House
Theroofofahouseisbuiltbeforethewalls.

168
NaligoangKapitanhindibinasaangtiyan.
(Tag.)Sahig
TheCaptaintookabath,butdidnotwethisbelly.
Floor

Whenbeingscrubbedwithwater,thebambuisaspromptlydryasaduck'sback.

168
Hindihayop,hinditaonagngangalannangTranquilino.
(Tag.)Trangk'anangpinto
Notanimal,notman;itsnameisTranquilino.
Lockofdoor
MereresemblanceinsoundbetweenPage65Tranquilino,apersonalname,andTrangkaalock.

169
Kungsinoangnaunangumakiatsiyangnahulisalahat.
(Tag.)Pagaatip
Hewhoclimbedfirstbecamethelast.
Nipathatching
Inroofingtheworkbeginsatthelowerpartandendsattheridge.

170
Addaayayatecngagayyem(amigo)ngemsaancoacayatacasango.
(Iloc.)Adigi
IhavealovingfriendbutIdonotwishtofacehim.
Post
Apostinthehouseconstruction.Motherspunishnaughtychildrenbystandingtheminthecornerfacingthe
post.

171
Quimmalisiramariquimmagat.
(Iloc.)Adigi
Setintotheground,breaksthrough,andbites.

Post
Apostinhouseconstructionmeetstherequirement.Itisfirmlyplanted,penetratesflooring,andclutchesand
holdsarafterorotherpole.Page66

172
Atincungmetungacaballeropabanuayangmakakabayo,dapoteyamamako.
(Pamp.)Pakabayuningbubungan
Ihaveahorsemanwhohasbeenridingforayearbuthasnotgoneabit.
Riderofbambu,overtheridgetokeepthenipafrombeingblownaway.

173
Balubognangamamo,pinaarawanco.
(Tag.)Paluponangbabay
Iletthesunshineonyourfather'sback;i.e.thesunshinesonyourfather'sback.
Thelongpolesattheroofcrestofthehouse.
Thesepolesarethefather'sback;theyaredirectlyexposedtothesun'srays.

174
Noomolibaro,noomologbalo.
(Iloc.)Atep
Whenitascendsitisnew(young);Whenitgoesdownitisawidow.
RoofPage67

175
Minalemaengaagtacopbinigatacmetngaagpiguis.
(Iloc.)Tandoc
Imenditeveryevening,Iteariteverymorning.
Window

176
Nalabimansacabac;noagueomanpilatae.
(Pang.)Ventana
Atnightclosed;indayopen.
Window

177
Abostakippit,Comalcalipkip.
(Iloc.)Riquep
Althoughthin,itcanslide.
Windowshutter

Implements.
178
Ypacapetcotoycolisipeoditabocotmomaimbagantanasaquitmo.
(Iloc.)Tandec
Iplacemycolisipcouponyourbackanditcuresyourillness.
Cuppinghorn
Colisipcoisaslenderbambusuckingtube.Tandocisapieceofhornforbloodletting.Page68

179
Addamaysangaamigocnoicaraedcodtoyolic,maornosdatoybooc.
(Iloc.)Sagaysay
IhaveafriendandwhenIarrangemyhead,myhairisinorder.
Comb

180

Aniatinanisaba?
(Iloc.)Nidaga
Quetaniamettiamana?
Barrita
Whatisthemotherofthebanana?
Theearth
Andwhatitsfather?
Diggingstick

181
Tombongcontombongmanpilicaygustum.
(Pang.)Agniob
Intestine(gut)choosewhatyouwant.
Fireblower
Itisasimpletubeofbambu.

182
Magdalayalamanmete,mamitayanglamanmabie.
(Pamp.)Mamaduasingapanaatingasanadumamit.
Hecarriesthefleshofthedead,butseeksthefleshoftheliving.
FishlinePage69

183
BangasadiSinait,naapinantinangisit.
(Iloc.)Tintiroan
ApotfromSinait,linedwithblack.
Inkbottle

184

Addabassitngaquitangacaslatisangemmabalinnangaayoanantimaysangabalasangnga
caslamangayoanacasmaysangaleon.
(Iloc.)Tulbec
Thereisalittlethinglikeapieceofcrayon,butitcanguardaladylikealion.
Key

185
Hindimadangkal,hindimadipa,pinagtutuangannanglima.
(Tag.)Carayom
Youcannotspanit,youcannotmeasureitbyyouroutstretchedarms,anditisbeingcarriedby
five.
Needle

186
Begutncingandangtinukiyaingubingan.
(Pamp.)Carayumampongsinulad.
Hepulledoutastickanditwasfollowedbyasnake.
NeedleandthreadPage70

187
Naunaangtrozosamanghihila.
(Tag.,alsoBis.,Pang.)Carayom
Thelogcomesfirst,thenthehaulingcable.
Needle(andthread)

188
Tinoducniampalocnengtiobetniampatangquen.
(Iloc.)Dagum
Thesoftoneisthrustthroughtheanusofthehardone.
Needleandthread

189
Aniangaabutititacopanitiiapadanangaabut?
(Iloc.)Iquet
Whatholedoyoumendwithholes?
Net

190
Magmagnaacmangibatbatiactimagnaacagbalbalicas.
(Iloc.)Pluma
IamwalkingleavingtrackswhereIwalk.
Pen

191
Mangipatacderactiadigimadomadomaacorte.
(Iloc.)Pluma
Isetupapostvariouslycut(fashioned).
PenPage71
Thepenofthisriddleistheoldtimequillpen.

192
Conuyatannagalacat;conbuhiannagaliguid.
(Bis.)Pluma
Whenhelditgoes;Whenletlooseitliesdown.
Pen

193
Bolongnaunasmancancanioas.
(Pang.)Catli

Sugarcaneleavesmovingcrisscross.
Scissors

194
Pukengpayatnangangagat.
(Tag.)Gunteng
Anarrowvaginabites.
Scissors

195
Maysangacolibangbangtinaoentaoenngamangan.
(Iloc.)Raquem
Thereisabutterflywhichiseatingeveryyear.
Riceknife
Thesmallknifeusedtocutrice.Itsshapesuggeststhatofabutterfly.

196
Diacmaquitanacamolagatac;noabbongacmaquitac.
(Iloc.)Anteojos
IcannotseealthoughmyeyesarePage72wideopen;ifIcover,Icansee.
Spectacles

Insects: and other invertebrates.

197
Diotaypasicomparecahibalonamagsacasalubu.
(Bis.)Subay
Mycompadreistiny,yetheknowshowtoclimbupacocoanuttree.
Ant

198
BahayniManTutehaligueaybalibali.
(Tag.)Alimango
HouseofMr.Tute,whoseraftersaretwisted.
Crab

199
Nanongapispisngauaaypaglupad,maypacpaccagmaybalahibu,cagnagabutu.
(Bis.)Ulang
Whatbirdisit,havingwingscannotfly,whichmakesitsnestandhatchesitsyoungunderits
wings?
Crayfish

200
Noumologmaturog;noumolitomacqui.
(Iloc.alsoPang.)Alinta
Whenitgoesdown,itsleeps;whenPage73itgoesupitdropswastematter.
Earthworm

201
Magmagnamamingpingqui.
(Iloc.)Colalanti
Walking,itstrikesfire.Makesaspark.
Fireflies

202
Consalatagonpalanacal;consabalaymagansal;peroconsamesainaugdang.
(Bis.)Lango

Outinthefieldshetalkstoomuch;Inthehouseshemakesmuchnoise;Butwhenattablesheis
quiet.
Fly

203
Angpataynagbatasingbuhi,angbuhinagbatacagangiyabataiyaguinbilinsapatay,cagang
patayamoangnagbuhisangbatasangbuhi.
(Bis.)Langao,uhid,carne
Alivingthingleftitsyoungtoadeadthing;thisdeadthinggavenourishmenttotheyoungofthe
livingthing.
Fly,maggots,meat

204
SiasinoitiparsuaniapotayongaDiosngacaslaagropropaacaballoPage74quetitipayacnacasla
bulongiticaoayan?
(Iloc.)Dudon
WhatcreatureofourLordGodhasafacelikeahorseandwingslikebambuleaves?
Grasshopper

205
Addamaysangatumatayalyannaaminngalugaruraynotayacquencabaquiran,quetitirupana
rupaitibaca,ititengnguednatengnguediticaballo,itibarocongnabarocongititao,itipayacna
caslabolongiticaoayanitiipusnacaslauleg,itisacanacaslasacaititocling.
(Iloc.)Oasayoasay
Thereisaflyingthing,whichstaysanywhere,evenintheforestandtayac;itsfaceistheface
ofacow,itsnecktheneckofahorse,thebreastthebreastofaman,thewingisliketheleafofa
bambu,histailresemblesasnake,andhisfeetlooklikethefeetofabird.
GrasshopperPage75

206
Madilimnabundochayopnawalanbuto.

(Tag.)Cutu
Darkmountainbonelessanimal.
Louse

207
Atimonsacagulanganuaayalipopoan.
(Bis.)Lusa
Melonofthewildernesswithoutastem.
Nit

208
Atingmetungacacananingqueangpenganmarayuyaqungatian.
(Pamp.)Paro
Thereisacertainthingtoeat;itsfleshinessisfarfromitsbelly.
Shrimp

209
Inglabuadnangquebaitanyangenanaburingbalicad,ulinginghienacarinmipalamang.
(Pamp.)Yamuc
Hedoesnotliketoreturntothelandwherehewasbornfortherehewillmeethisfate.
Mosquito
Bornofwater;hedrownsinwater.Page76

210
Alinghayopditosamundo,anginilalakadayulo?
(Tag.)Suso
Whatanimalinthisworldwalkswithhishead?
Snail

211
Maysaanaparatoticataynapagsilona.
(Iloc.)Laoalaoa
Ajokeruseshisspittleforasnare.
Spider

212
Atingpalaciomitmuyangcuartu,balangmetungacuartumaquimetungyangcuratu.
(Pamp.)Calabaningtainumu,opanilan.
Thereisapalacefullofrooms,eachcontainingapriest.
Honeycomb

213
AroiDomPedro,hindimacolabassacarcel?
(Tag.)Tinik
Oh!DonPedro,whydon'tyougetoutofprison?
Sting
Tinikmeanseitherastingofaninsectorthethornofaplant.Itisthestingorthornwhichhereisconsideredin
prisonandexhortedtoescape.Page77

Lamp.
214
Metungabutilapalekitmuneingbale.
(Pamp.)Sumbu
Asinglegrainofrice,filledthewholehouse.
Alamp

215

Memalayainglabakmetoyaingtugak.
(Pamp.)Sumbu
Theswampdriedupandthefrogdied.
Anoillamp

216
Addalognacquenaddametagtaytayabdaytoyngaagtaytayabaggiyanditoyngalognacquetno
mamamagaandaytoyngalognaquenmataymetdatoyagtaytayaben.
(Iloc.)Lamparaan
Thereisapondandabird;thisbirdlivesinthepond.Whentheponddriesup,thebirddies.
Lamp

Love.
217
Aniatcasamitantinasamit?
(Iloc.)Ayat
Whatisthesweetestofthesweet?
LovePage78

218
Aniatiayatngaagmalmalem?
(Iloc.)Tiapagcascasar
Whatlovelastsallday?
Ofthosejustmarried

219
Ramaycotpanagaladcoluactipanagsibugco.
(Iloc.)Panangasaoa

Ifencewithmyfingers;Iwaterwithmytears.
Tomarry

220
Nagmolaacitimasetasditoylocongitidacolapcoitipinagsibogcotoyloacquetiti
pinamoroscotoymatac.
(Iloc.)Nagayanayat
Iplantedaplantinthemidstofthepalmofmyhand,Iwatereditwithmytears,Igatheredit
withmyeyes.
Lovingeachother

221
Acoinagtanimnangdayapsagitnanangdagatmaramiangnahanap,iisaangnakapalad.
(Tag.,alsoIloc.)Dalaga
Iplantedalemontreeinthemiddleoftheseamanysoughtitonlyonefoundit.
GirlPage79

222
Oalaysaqueyyadalayaptemmobodpuegleynadayatamayamayyamanpedperaodsacsacquey
soacagaoat.
(Pang.)Panangasasa
Thereisalemontreegrowinginthemiddleofthesea;manypeopledesiretotakeit,butcannot;
onlyonepersoncansucceed.
Yoursister
Tobemarried.

Mat.
223
Migqueracubaboebus,lalamsasacumetudtud.

(Pamp.)Dase
Ilaydownupontheburi,underthenipaIslept.
Petate
Thesleepingmatislaiddownuponthefloor(ofburi);theroofisofnipa.

224
Sagabeydagatsaaraoaybumbong.
(Tag.)Baneg
Atnightitisasea,inthedayitisthebambucarrytube.
Petate
Thepetateisthesleepingmatofrushes;inthedaytimeitisrolledupandsetaway;atnightitisunrolledand
spreadPage80uponthefloor.Thewordseaisoftenusedforanyextendedorflatsurface.

225
Noaldaotubongnorabiidadali.
(Iloc.)Icamen
Ifdayatube;ifnightaflounder.
Sleepingmat=petate

Mirror.
226
Quitquitaecquetquitaennac;nocataoaaccataoaannac.
(Iloc.)Espejo
Iamlookingatit,anditlooksatme;ifIlaugh,itlaughs.
Mirror

Musical Instruments.

227
Guerretngaagpucpuccao,agpucpuccaoaguerret.
(Iloc.)Tambor
Guerretcrying,cryingguerret.
Drum
Guerretisasectioncuttransverselyfromafish.Ithassomewhattheshapeofadrum.

228
AniatipinarsuaniApoDiosngaitingioatnaaddatitiannamaymaysataequiagna,quenti
ramaynaaddatibocottidacolapna,quennaquinruartibaguisna.
(Iloc.)GuitarraPage81
ThereisacreaturemadebyLordGodwhosemouthisinhisbelly;hehasonearmandhis
fingersareinhisback;andhisintestinesareoutside.
Guitar

229
Secalquebatallegariqueatian,ginulisacyangmasican.
(Pamp.)Dibil
Ichokedhim,Isawedhimacrossthebelly,hescreamedfuriously.
Violin

Nature Elements.
230
Bibingcananghari,hindimomahati.
(Tag.)Tubig
Theking'scake,youcannotdivideit.
Water

231
Notinagbat,nagpiglat.
(Iloc.)Danom
Ifyouchopit,ithealsatonce.
Water

232
Ingindamaginganakya,inganakmagingindaya.
(Pamp.)Yelo
Themotherbecomesthedaughterandthedaughterbecomesthemother.
Water,icePage82

233
Siacnacaquitaacitisiamabilitquetpinaltogacitilimamanoitinatedda?
(Iloc.)Lima
Isawninebirds;Ishotfiveofthem;howmanywereleft?
Five
Thedeadones:therestflewaway.

Occupations.
234
Angmadamuguinadugangan,peroangdiotayguinabuhinan.
(Bis.)Angpaglimassangtubisasulodsangsacayan.
Thegreaterisincreased,thesmallerisdiminished.
Whenwaterispumpedoutofaboat.

235

Angiyaolosapat,angiyalanaocahoycagangiyaicogtauo.
(Bis.)Carabaoaradocogtauo.
Hisheadisananimal,hisbodyiswoodandhistailisman.
Plowing

236
Addatallongacaquita;dadiayimmonamagmagnangaaoantagarina;Page83dadiaymaicadua
mangmanganquet;dadiaymaicatlomagmagnangatomanagari.
(Iloc.)Agarado
Therearethreethings;thefirstiswalkingwithouttalking;thesecondiseating;thethirdis
walkingandtalking.
Plowing
Thecarabao,theplow,andtheman.

237
Manoccongpute,nagtalonsapusale.
(Tag.)Hugasbigas
Mywhitechickenjumpedintothepuddle.
Ricewashing
Thewaterthatrunsfromricewashingiswhite;itfallsfromthekitchendownintotheaccumulatedwater
underthehouse.

238
Aniatiaramidtibabayadinamalpas?
(Iloc.)Abel
Whatwoman'sworkisneverfinished?
Weaving
Thereisalwaysaloweredgewhichcannotbewoven.Page84

Persons.
239
Acoinagtanemnangsilesatabenangcatre,angidinilegcoi,puroangibinungaydiamante.
(Tag.)Bata
Iplantedapeppernearabed,Iwatereditwithhonor,ityieldedapreciousjewel.
Baby

240
Conmagatubangsitatay;apangconmagtalicudsinanay.
(Bis.)Insik
Ifitfacesyouitisyourfather;butifitturnsitsbackitisyourmother.
Chinaman
Seenfrombeforethegeneralappearanceisthatofaman;frombehind,awoman.

241
Taunginuculdangloco,dapotingdapatnamibulalagquingyatu.
(Pamp.)CristobalColon
Onewhomtheythoughtafool,hisworkbeeameworldknown.
Columbus

242
Naghablaangmaysalanagtagoangjusticia.
(Tag.)NagevemupisalPage85
Theculpritappearsincourt,thejusticeishidden.
TheConfessional
Thepersonconfessingisplainlyseen;thepriestreceivingtheconfessionisoutofsight.

243
NagmolaacitipipinoidiayarisadsadticonventodimetnagbungatipipinonodiSto.Cristo.
(Iloc.)Natay
IplantedapipneartheconventbutitdidnotproduceasquashbutSto.Cristo.
Adeadperson

244
Aniatiringgorngasaanngaagtaudtidila?
(Iloc.)Umel
Whatquarrelisnotmadewiththetongue?
Adumbman's

245
Sinoangnapatayngaguinlubungsatiyansangiyananay?
(Bis.)Pari
Whodied,whowasburiedinhismother'sbosom?
Friar
Hewasburiedinthechurch.

246
Durocongadalaganperouaayacodinalaganan?
(Bis.)NagasacaysaduyanPage86
Whowasrunningfastbutdidnotmovefromwherehestarted?
Oneinahammock

247
Ingmakalubmakalualya,ingmakalualmakalubya.
(Pamp.)Ingindaampoinganak.

Whatwasexposedisinside,whatwasinsideisexposed.
Motherandbabe,whenthelatterisbaptized.
Themotherstaysathomeinthehouse.

248
PinonggoscoapinongosbinocaycayanitiDios.
(Iloc.)Masicog
IgraspedandgraspedandGodloosedit.
Pregnantwoman

249
Aniatianacamangisquisquenmana.
(Iloc.)Timangrarittipiracna.
Whatchildshaveshismother?
Whospendshermoney

250
Aniatbaybayadiaglippias?
(Iloc.)TiQuinaquirmet
Whatseadoesnotoverflow?
ThestingymanPage87
Thoughhehasabundancehegivesoutnone.

251
Contulconnimoualasiapagpahuaysanglacatapangualamansinglimacatan.
(Bis.)Manoghabol
Sheappearstobealwayswalking,butafterallisstillinherplaceasbefore.
Aweaver

Plants.
252
Deliqueentengkaballerorianumangtiknangannangpalacio,agadyanagmalaso.
(Pamp.)Balite
Agallanthorsemancausesanycastleinwhichheistocrumbletopieces.
TheBalite
Thisisthegreatparasiticfig,whichenclosesothertreesinitsembrace.

253
Addamaysangacayongabulongngabulongdimetagsabong;sangangasangadimetagbunga.
(Iloc.)Caoayan
Thereisaplantthatproducesleavesafterleaves,butnoflowers;branchesafterbranches,butno
fruit.
BambuPage88

254
Sirocitibalaytibacnangdimacaycayan.
(Iloc.)Bulongticaoayan
Underthebacnang'shouseitcannotbeclean.
Bambuleaves

255
Nabbarnasisinaccabbingngauddesicuana.
(Gad.,alsoIloc.,Pang.,Bis.)Ufud.
Whennewlyborn,welldressed,butwhenhegetsoldheisnaked.
Bambushoot
Thebudiscoveredwithadown,whichdisappears.

256
Nangmunteaymaytapis,nanglumakiaybulisles.
(Tag.)Caoayan
Whenyoungsheworeatapis;whengrownsheisunclad
Bambushoot
Thetapisisthemostcharacteristicpartofthewoman'sdress.Itisawidebandofdarkcloth(blackorbrown)
wornovertheotherclothing,aroundthewholemiddlepartofthebody.Page89

257
Nanganakangvirgenitinaponanglampen.
(Tag.)Sagueng
Thevirgingavebirthtoachildandthrewawaytheblanket.
Banana

258
Nanganakangasuangsatuktoknagdaan.
(Tag.)Sagueng
Anasuanggavebirthtoachildfromthetop.
Banana

259
Naguitlognicannaoayinocopanniteggaacidicuanguiaoennioactinagtaraquen.
(Iloc.)Saba
Astorklaidanegg;thecranehatchedalarkfromit;thecrowtookcareoftheyoung.
Banana

260
Sancadaoasangalabba.
(Iloc.)Sangcabuligasaba

Aseedbearingstem;onefillsabasket.
Bunchofbananas

261
MacagtosasimbahansiMary,pitooualoangiyasaya.
(Tag.)Puso
Maryisgoingtochurchhavingsevenoreightshirts.
BananabudPage90
Thebudiswrappedorfoldedwithinanumberofbracts.

262
Addapusoamaysadagatnagapuannaalupasitnaglasatanna.
(Iloc.)Pusotisaba
Thereisaheartthatcamefromtheearthandpushedupthroughalupasit.
Theheartofthebanana
Alupasitisbananafibre.

263
Caballomorenoumosocidiayngato.
(Iloc.)Sabonganaytisaba
Theredhorsecomesoutupward.
Bananaflowers

264
IsdacosaSapasapasapinsapinangtaba.
(Tag.)Sahanangsaguing
MyfishinSapasapahasmanifoldlayersoffat.
Stemofbanana

Thestemofabananacutthroughshowsinwrappinglayers,notunlikefat.

265
Dasugcakaka,libutadyayinda.
(Pamp.)Sagingampodingsuina
Moveonmybrother,letmotherbeinthemiddle.
AbananaplantanditssuckersPage91
Thenewonesdisplacetheolderones,pushingthemoutward.

268
Angpunolubi;angdahonespada;angbungabala.
(Bis.)Cahoyngaburi
Thetrunkcocoanut;theleavesswords;thefruitbullets.
Buripalm

267
Angibitinacnaliquentangtangayeymamasiquen.
(Pang.)Camantilis
Iwashungbyapotring;theoldmenlookedupatme.
Camachili
Thependentfruitsuggeststheriddle.

268
Nanongasapatngaangiyapalodhayangperoangiyatudloculub?
(Bis.)Packingsanglubi
Whatanimalisitwhichhasitspalmupsideupbutitsfingersupsidedown?
Cocoanutleaves

269

PayungySantaMariaamenamabata.
(Gad.)Tafal
SaintMary'sumbrellacannotbewetted.
GabiPage92
Thisisthecultivatedplantcommonlyknownastaro.Itsgreatleafshedswaterperfectly.

270
Nomalipatammacaalaca;quetnomalaguipmodicamacaala.
(Iloc.)Poriquet=amorsico
Ifyoudonotremember,youget;butifyoudoremember,youdonotget.
Grassburs

271
Agsabongdinametbongaagsangaisutbongana.
(Iloc.)Mais
Itproducesaflowerbutitisnotitsfruit;itproducesbrancheswhichareitsfruit.
Maize

272
Nagtapisnangnagtapisnacalitaoangbulbolis.
(Tag.)Mais
Sheworeandworehertapisyetherpubichairwasdisplayed.
Maize
Thegreenhusksareconsideredthetapis,orwrapaboutthemidbody;thesilkappearingfromthehusk
wrappingisthepubichair.Page93

273
Alodivinodegraciamalayoangbulaklaksabunga.
(Tag.)Mais

Ofalldivinegiftsitistheonlyplantwhoseflowerisfarfromthefruit.
Maize

274
TitenangIngles,punonanggales.
(Tag.)Mais
TheEnglishman'sisfullofpustules.
Maize;ear

275
SiasinoitipinarsuaniApoDiosngaumunangamataysantoagbonga?
(Iloc.alsoPang.)Sarguelas
WhatthingourLordGodmadediesfirstandthenfruits?
Plumtree

276
Ualasalangit,ualasalupa,angdahonaysariwa?
(Tag.)Quiapo
Itisnotinheaven,itisnotonearth,itsleavesarefresh.
Quiapo
Thewaterlettuce;itcoversthesurfaceofquietspotsinrivers.Page94

277
Cunghindilamangsitagabundoksitagalatiaymahuhulog.
(Tag.)Iyantokatparvid
Butfortheonelivinginthemountaintheonelivingintheswampwouldfall.
Nipaandrattan
Therattan(growinginthemountain)isusedtolashonthenipa(growingintheswamp)tothehouse
framework.

278
Nocolditencamatayeaquetnoadayoancamabiagea.
(Iloc.)Bainbain
IfItouchyouyouwilldie;butifIgetawayfromyouyouwilllive.
Sensitiveplant

279
Addamaysaacayoidiaytoctocaddabobonco.
(Iloc.)Silag
ThereisatreeupthereandIhaveawellonit.
Silag
Asortofpalm,thebudiscutoutandasweetsapsecured.

280
Tagbatectasacam:inomectadaram.
(Iloc.)Unas
Ichopyourfeet;Idrinkyourblood.
SugarcanePage95

281
Lalabascu,tindusdacn.
(Pamp.)Sulput
Iwasgoingoutintothefield,theypiercedme.
Agrasswithslenderandsharpseeds.

282
Pinagsakitankongakingmatuklasanangbagaynaisangninaismakamtanatnangsapagkitaay
hindimapalarantinaglaytaglaykohangangkamatayan.
(Tag.)Tinik

IsoughtathingIwishedtoget,andasIcouldnotfinditIkeptituntilmydeath.
Spine

283
AddatalloaPrincesassaggaysaticoartodangemsaandangaagquiquita.
(Iloc.)Tagunbao
Therearethreeprincesses;eachhasaseparateroomandtheycannotseeeachother.
Tagunboa
Ashrubusedforhedges,withatripartitepodorcapsule.

284
Aniaitimulaaurayboldingmailasinna?
(Iloc.)SiitPage96
Whatthingisblindbutcanselect?
Thorn

Qualities.
285
Aniatcalaadantibomaroatao?
(Iloc.)Tiquinasuquer
Whatistheworstdisfigurementforayoungman?
Disobedience

Relationship.
286
Anoangitatawagmosabiyenangbabayinangasawanangkapatidmo?
(Tag.)Ina

Whatwillyoucallthemotherinlawofyoursister'shusband?
Mother

287
Angamainkongbuoaymayisangkapatidnababayi,ngunitsiyaihindikonamanali.Sinosiya?
(Tag.)Akingina
Myunclehasasisterbutsheisnotmyaunt.Whoisshe?
Mymother

288
AngmgababayingAatBaynakasalubongsadaanngdalawanglalaki;atnagwikasiA;naitona
angatingmgaama,mgaPage97amanangatingmgaanak;atmgatunaynating.
(Tag.)AngamaniAaynapakasalkayBatangamaniBaynapakasalkayAatnagkaroonsila
nangtigisanganak.
LadiesAandBmettwomenandsaid,Therecomeourfathers,fathersofoursonsandourown
husbands.
A'sfathermarriedwithBandB'sfatherwithA,andeachofthemhadachild.

289
Nangmalaposnangmadalaonangisanglalakiangisangbilangoaytinanongnangbantay;ano
mobaangtawongiyon?Kapatidmobaoano?Angsagotnangbilangoayito;akoyualang
kapatid,nipamangkinniamain,ninuno,niapo,nikahitkaibigan;ngungitangamanangtawong
iyan,ayanaknanganaknangakingama.Anonangbilangoangtawongiyon.
(Tag.)Anak
Afteramanvisitedaprisoner,Page98theguardaskedhimisthatmanyourbrother,orwhat?
Theprisoner'sanswerwas,Ihavenobrother,nouncle,nonephew,nograndfather,neither
grandsonnorfriend;butthatman'sfatherismyfather'sson.Whowasthatman?
Son

Religious.
290

OalayanpinalsayDiosyaamayamayiransanaaguietsacsaqueysopaitda.
(Pang.alsoBis.)Colintas
Manyofthem,brothersbuttheyhaveonlyonebodytube.
Beads

291
Addatallogasutabacacmaymaysatnanglidingac.
(Iloc.)Cuentas
Ihavethreehundredcattle,withasinglenosecord.
Beads

292
Nacnoagapaldua.
(Pang.)Simbaan
Onlyhalffull.
Church

293
Napunoperouaaymagtunga.
(Bis.)Simbahan
Theysaiditwasfullbutitwashalffull.
ChurchPage99

294
IdinagcasarniInaquenniAmaavanacpayadarangemidinagbuniagniAposiactinamadrino.
(Iloc.)Cristo
WhenmyfatherandmotherweremarriedIwasnotyetinthewomb,butwhenmygrandfather
wasbaptizedIwashisgodfather.
Christ

296
Duatitaquiagna,maysatsacana,addaoloaoanmatana.
(Iloc.)Cruz
Twoarms,onelegandahead,butnoeyes.
Cross

297
Tatloangbotones,apatangohales.
(Tag.,alsoBis.)Cristo
Threebuttons,fourholes.
Crucifix

298
Mayisangbatanglalaque,umakyatsacamachilenanghindimacapuede,likodangidinale.
(Tag.)SiCristo
Thereisaboyclimbedupacamachilitree;whenhecouldnotstanditheclimbedonhisback.
CrucifixPage100

299
Maysaacayonagangoidiaypoonanabasaidiaytingana,nagangomettingodona.
(Iloc.)StoCristo
Atreedryatthefoot,wetinthemiddle,dryalsoabove.
Christ,i.e,crucifix

300
Aramidtimasiribcanentinalaing.aminamacaquitapasigaminalogpi.
(Iloc.)Ostia
Workofawiseman,eatenbyawiseman;allwhoseearelame.
Thehost

301
Akoinagtanimnangsicolosagitnanangconvento,ibinungaaysiCristo.
(Tag.)Hostia
Iplantedasicolointhemidstoftheconvent;itboreChristforfruit.
Thehost
Asicoloisasmallpieceofmoney;ithererelatestothecontributionmadeatcommunionservice.

302
Isangtubongsinanduyon,abutsalangitangdahon.
(Tag.)PanalanginPage101
Asugarcanewithoutjoints,whoseleavesreachheaven.
Prayer

303
Nangmaitayonayaonghangangbaywangnagbitiungpawangkalunkutlunkutan.
(Tag.)AngpitongwikanginiaaralnangparisaViernesSanto.
Afterhehidfromhisfeettohiswaisthegaveverysadthings.
ThepreachinginthepulpitbyapriestaboutthesevenutterancesofChristonGoodFriday.

304
Aquinngatotcadsaaran,aquinbabatbobengan.
(Iloc.)Polpito
Thefloorishigher,therooflower.
Pulpit
i.e.thanthatofthebuildinginwhichitstands.

305

Sagmagkakapatidnapitongsinliyagakoangnaunangnagkitangliwanag.Atakorinnaman
yaongnagkapaladnatawagingbunsosakanilanglahat.
(Tag.)AngpitonglinggonangCuaresma.Page102
Sevenbrothersarewe;thefirstbornwasIbutIamtheyoungestofall.
ThesevenweeksofQuaresma.

306
Asintiyantiespirituitibagui?
(Iloc.)Aquincatiquidngaabaga.
Whereisthespiritinthebody?
Intheleftshoulder
Inmakingthesignofthecrossthewordspiritcomeswhentheleftshoulderispointedto.

307
Addapituabotonisco;maymaysatpinatpategco.
(Iloc.)Domingo
Ihavesevenbuttons;Ilikeonebest.
Sunday

308
Pitucasiglotmaymaysatnairut.
(Iloc.)Domingo
Seventwined(twisted),onlyonetight.
Sunday

309
Contiradcontibong;banderatilobong.
(Iloc.)Torre
Sharpandlong;flagoftheworld.

TowerPage103

310
Caoayanbayogagnayogayog.
(Pang.)Torre
Caoayanbayog1youcannotshakeit.
Tower

311
Mayroonakongpitongbunganangkoholibinigaycosaiyoanganimatangisangnatirasaakin
ayibigmopangkunin.
(Tag.)Angpitongaraonangisanglinggo.
Ihavesevenoranges.Igaveyousixandyouwanttotaketheremainingone.
Thesevendaysoftheweek

312
Minagalingpaangbasagcaysabaongualanglamat.
(Tag.)AngsabisaevangelioniCristoayganito.Hindiraosianaparitoonanoagditosalupa
parasacupinangmgabanalcungdiangmacasalanan.
Betterthebrokenpiecethanthewholewithoutcrack.
InthegospelChristsaidthathedidnotPage104comeuponearthfortherighteousbutforthe
sinner.

313
Cungualacaymagbigaycaatcungmeroonayhuagna.
(Tag.)NungangngafariseoaynacahulinangmangangaluniangbabaeayinihablacayCristo,at
angcanilangsabi,HindipobamaestronasabisaleyniMoisesnasinomangmahulisa
pangangaluniaaypupuculinnangbatohangansamamatay.AngisinagotniCristo;sinomang
ualangsalaaycumuhanangbatoatpuclinna.
Giveifyouhavenone;ifyouhavedon'tgive.

WhenthePhariseescaughtawomaninadultery,theytookherbeforeChrist.Theysaid,what
sentencedoyougivetothosetakeninadultery,sinceinthelawofMosesitiscommandedthat
thewomantakeninadulteryshallbestoneduntilshedie.Christanswered,Lethimwhichis
withoutsinamongyoucastthefirststone.Page105

314
Humilingangharisacanyangalagadnangualasakanyatdipanatatangap,anghiningannaman
aydaglingnaggaoadnangsaboongyatu'ydipanatutuklas.
(Tag.)AngpagbibinyagniSanJuanBautistacayCristo.
TheKingaskedfromhissoldierwhathehadnot,andthesoldiergavehimwhatwasnotinthe
world.
TheBaptismbySt.JohnBaptistofChrist.

315
Nangmabasagangbotelalongnapakabuti.
(Tag.)MahalnaVirgen
Thebottlebecamebetterwhenbroken.
TheVirginMary
WhenMarywasyetunmarriedandChristhadnotyetbeenbornshewasnotconsideredverysacred;wesay
thebottlewasnotyetbroken.WhenshewasmarriedtoJosephandChristwasbornshebecameverysacred;
sowesaythatwhenthebottlewasbrokenthebetteritbecame.Page106

316
Nangpitasinanghinoghilasangsiangnahulog.
(Tag.)NoongmagpapugotsiHerodesnangmgabatadahilansagustoniangmapataysiCristo.
Napatayangmeroon1000batadatapuatsiCristohindenapatay.Samacatuidnapitasniaang
hilaoatanghinogayhindi.SiCristosapagcatpunonangcarununganayipinalagaynahinogat
angmgabataayhilaosapagcatsilaualapangcarunungan.
Whenhepluckedtheripe,theunripefell.
WhenKingHerodwantedtokillChrist,heorderedtokillallchildren;hethoughtthatifallthe
childreninhiscountrywerekilled,Christcouldnotescape.Buthedidnotknowhowpowerful

Christwas.Sothechildrenwhoknewnothing(wereunripe)fellandChrist(ripe)becausehe
knowseverythingescaped.

317
Ipinalitangguintosabibinga.
(Tag.)Page107ItoinauucolsapagsacopniCristosaatingcasalanannahindicailangansia
mamataymasacoplamangangatingcasalanannasiangcatuladngbibingaatangcaniangpagca
Diosnacatuladangguinto.
Sandischangedtogold.
ThisappliestoChrist,whenheredeemedoursins.Hedidnotvaluehislifebutgaveitthatwe
mightbesavedfromoursins.Hislifeisgoldbecausehewasfullofknowledge;hediedon
accountofoursinswhicharelikesand.

Reptiles, etc.
318
Nangmuntiaymaybuntotnanglumakiynapugot.
(Tag.)Palaca
Whenhewaslittlehehadatailbutwhenhewasgrownhehadnone.
Frog

319
Addamaysangaubingngaaddaidiaydanumngemdimetuminom.
(Iloc.)Tocak
Thereisaboylivinginthewaterwhodoesnotdrink.
FrogPage108

320
Bastontibacnangsaanmongamaiganan.
(Iloc.,alsoPang.)Uleg

Thebacnang'scane,youcannotholdit.
Snake
Bacnang,amanofwealth.

321
Nonacariingnacamulagat;nonacaturognacamuldagat.
(Iloc.)Uleg
Ifawake,hiseyeswideopen;ifasleep,hiseyeswideopen.
Snake

322
Ananongasapatngaconmaglacat,dalaniaangiyabalay?
(Bis.,alsoPang.)Bao
Whatanimalcarrieshishousewhereverhegoes?
Turtle

323
Tataatolayicacangcalinnanabalena.
(Gad.)Dagga
Amanwhoalwayscarrieshishousealongwithhim.
Turtle

324
Magmagnaitugtogotnatbalayna.
(Iloc.)Pagong
Walkingandwalkingandcarryinghisownhouse.
TurtlePage109

325

Etonasicacamaysunongnadampa.
(Tag.)Pagong
Herecomesbrotherwithahouseoverhishead.
Turtle

326
Magmanagcallogongnomaibagampagong.
(Iloc.)Pagong
Walking,wearinghishat.
Turtle

Road.
327
Bulongtisabaumacacaba;bulongtiniogumatatiddog.
(Iloc.)Calzada
Leafofabananabecomewider;leafofacocoanutbecomelonger.
Road

328
NagmolaaciticarabosaitisantacnamacadanonidiayManila.
(Iloc.)Calzada
Iplantedacalabash;itsbranchescanreachtoManila.
Road
Alsohasforanswer,telegraphline.

329
NantanemacnalaveredDagupanangaddiaylanioto.
(Pang.)CalzadaPage110

IhaveplantedabeteltreeinDagupanbutitsrootsreachtohere.
Road

Shade, Shadow, etc.

330
Noaoansapolsapolenngemnoaddasaanmometngaalaen.
(Iloc.)Linong
Tfthereisnoneyouareseekingit;ifthereissomeyoudonottakeit.
Shade

331
Aniatiumonangaaramidendiayvacanolumgactiinit?
(Iloc.)Quitaennadiayanninioanna
Whatisthefirstthingthecowdoeswhenthesunrises?
Looksatitsshadow

332
Nomagnaacitinasipngetaoancaduacquetnomagnaacitinalaoagaddacaduac.
(Iloc.)Anninioan
IfIwalkinthedarkIhavenocompanion;ifIwalkinthelightIhaveone.
Shadow

333
Notilioectilioennac;noitarayaccamatennac.
(Iloc.)AninioanPage111
IfIcatch,itcatches;ifIrunawayitchasesme.
Shadow

334

Diadogtoyagueooalaymapalitconanapuennonaanapcoagcoalaen.
(Pang.)Serom
AtnoonImustdeparttofind;ifIcanfindit,Iwillnottake.
Shadow

335
Milubyangalangliban,linualyangalangliualan.
(Pamp.)Aninatamuamayayaquitquingsalamin.
Hecameinthroughnodoorandwentoutthroughnodoor.
Reflectioninamirror

Smoking.
336
SanFernandoatBakulodsabaynanasunog.
(Tag.)Cigarillo
SanFernandoandBacolorwereburnedatthesametime.
Cigarette
Thepaperandthetobaccoareconsumedtogether.Page112

Storm, Sky, etc.

337
Daluangdahonnangpindapinda,singlalapadsinggaganda.
(Tag.)Langitatlupa
Twoleavesofpindapindaequalinwidthandbeauty.
Skyandearth

338

Quinosicusabarraas;nomaibagamcucuanac.
(Iloc.)Quimat
Twistedlikeabarraas;tellitandIamyours.
Lightning
Thewordbarraasislocal.Perhapsthenameofsomevine.

339
BastonniSanJosepindimaisip.
(Bis.)Ulan
SaintJoseph'scanescannotbecounted.
Rain
Dropsofraininatropicalstormmaywellsuggestrodsorstaves.

340
BuhocniAdan,hindimabilang.
(Tag.)Ulan
Adam'shaircannotbecounted.
RainPage113

341
Isbutiguelangguelangdimabilang.
(Iloc.)Todo
Guelangguelang'spiss,youcannotcount.
Rain

342
VacacosaMaynila,hangangditoi,dinigangunga.
(Tag.)Culog

MycowinManila,whosemooingisheardhere.
Thunder

343
Aniatmagnaasaanamaquita?
(Iloc.)Angin
Whatwalksthatcannotbeseen?
Wind

344
Etunaetunahindimopanaquiquita.
(Tag.)Hangin
Hereitcomes,yetyoudonotseeit.
Wind

345
Picabaluandedingmaldaalangmacaibicuaga.
(Pamp.)Angin
Heisknowneverywherebutnoonecanexplainwhatheis.
Wind

Stove.
346
Talloapugotnaturedtipudut.
(Iloc.)DalicanPage114
Threeghostsenduremuchheat.
Stove
Thethreesupportsforthepotaremeant.Itseemsthatthepugot(ghost)isblack.

347
Tatlongmagkakapatidnagtitiissainit.
(Tag.)Tungkonangcalang
Threebrotherssufferingfromtheheat.
Potrests

348
Tatlongmagkakapitidsingpuputenangdibdib.
(Tag.)Calan
Threesisterswithequallywhitebreasts.
Stove
Theyareequallywhitei.e.theyareallthreeblackfromthefire.

349
Nagcallogongnagpicanagcaballotallotsacana.
(Iloc.)Dalican
Ithasahatandaspear,ahorseandthreefeet.
Stove

350
Malakiangnamahaycaysabahay.
(Tag.)CalangatangbahaynangCalang.
TheinhabitantislargerthanthePage115house.
Stoveanditslowerpart(calleditshouse.)

351
NauposicaItem,sinulotnicaPula.
(Tag.)Pallotatapoy

CompadreItem(black)satdown,CompadrePula(red)pokedhim.
Potandflame

352
Ingcaballerocungnegromakasakeyangattungcabayudapatkikiakyangantingloco.
(Pamp.)Balangaampongnasi.
Myblackhorsemanridesthreehorsesbutheiscryinglikeafool.
Apotofcookingrice
Thethreehorsesarethefirestonesorthethreesupportsofthepotinthepotterystove;thebubblingisthe
crying.

Time.
353
Aniangaaldaoticaatiddagan?
(Iloc.)Tialdaoasaanapanangan.
Whatdayisthelongest?
ThedayonwhichyoudonoteatPage116

354
NagdaansiCabonegro,namataynalahatangtao.
(Tag.)Gabi
TheblackCorporalpassed,allthepeopledied.
Night
Died,here,isslept.

Tools.
355

Nungeminunaingmalati,ingmaragulemituqui.
(Pamp.)Barrenangespiral
Ifnotprecededbythesmallerthelargeronewillnotgo.
Auger

356
AddapinarsuaitiDiosnatanquentipammaguinamadiamangannodimatoentiolona.
(Iloc.)Paet
ThereisacreatureofGodwhosebodyishard;itdoesnotwishtoeatunlessyoustrikeitshead.
Chisel

357
Addababayalabangdimangannodiaipaculan.
(Iloc.)Paet
Thereisawomanwhodoesnoteatunlessyoustrikeher.
ChiselPage117

358
Ingdamulagcungdapa,quinggulutyatatacla.
(Pamp.)Catam
Mycrawlingcarabaoexcretesitsfecesupward.
Plane

359
Taotngato,taotbaba,cayottingana.
(Iloc.)Ragadi
Manabove,manbelow,woodinmiddle.
Saw

Belowthehorizontallyplacedtimbertobesawedapitisdug;onesawyerisbelowinthepit,theotherabove,
eachholdsahandleofthegreatsaw,whichworksupanddown.

Toy.
360
Enbontayogcoyecnolquinmocaocyatampol.
(Pang.)Bibintarol
Ithrowtheeggs;theycrowimmediately.
Firecracker

361
Addaabalbalaycoasinamgranadarineppetcoabinastabastaimbarsaccodiaydaganasaysayaat
ticancionna,
(Iloc.)SunayPage118
Ihaveatoylikeagranada;Itieditaroundandaroundandthrewitonthegroundanditsang
sweetly.
Top

Trunk.
362
Pusipusectapusegmotairuarcotaquinnanmo.
(Iloc.)Lacaza
Iturnyournaveltotakeoutwhatyouhaveeaten.
Trunk

363
Addapaymaysangaquitadiaybalayanaaramiditicayoquetaddametuppatngasacananga
babasitquetaddametinnemngaacabaquencuanarupanoquetagngiaosaanngamagna.
(Iloc.)Baol

Ihavesomethinginmyhousemadeofwood;ithasfourshortlegsandsixflatfaces;itsqueaks,
butcannotwalk.
Trunk

Umbrella.
364
Noumulogtiseoraaugucradtisampaga.
(Iloc.)PayongPage119
Whentheladycomesdownthesampaga2opens.
Umbrella

365
Conbutongonpasoc;conindusopayog.
(Bis.)Payong
Whenpulleditisacane;whenpushedatent.
Umbrella

Utensils, etc.
366
Hinditayop,hinditao,apatangsuso.
(Tag.,alsoPang.)Buslo
Notanimal,notman.Shehasfourbreasts.
Basket

367
Hindihare,hindepare,nagdadametnangsarisari.
(Tag.)Sampayan
Notking,notpadre,itwearsmanykindsofclothes.

Clothesline

368
Addamaysangaubinganaturedtilammin.
(Iloc.)Sudo
Thereisaboy,whodoesnotshiverwiththecold.
Dipper
Thisdipperismadefromthehalfofapolishedcocoanutshell.Page120

369
Nangisootcoi,tuyo,nangbunutencoinatulo.
(Tag.)Tabo
WhenIplungeditinitwasdry;whenIdrewitoutitwasdripping.
Dipper

370
Sacaysinobalayinangapunosangventana?
(Bis.)Puluguan
Whosehouseisthat,whichisfullofwindows?
Thehenhouse

371
Noaddatilenongagcalcallogong.
(Iloc.)Caramba
Ifitisintheshadeitwearsitshat.
Ajarfullofwater

372
Aniataramidanagbaticulingtisabut.

(Iloc.)Pagbagasan
Whatworkhasagizzardlikeasabut?
Storagejarforrice
Thesabutisthecocoanutcuporbowl:inthepagbagasan,thereisalwaysagantaformeasuringrice.
Thisgantaisthegizzardheremeant.Page121

373
PusepusectibatotumbogcarayanVeto.
(Iloc.)Gilingan
IturnthestoneandthereflowsoutliketheVetoriver.
Mill

374
Hiniguitcoangyantok,nagbibilingangbundoc.
(Tag.)Guilingan
Ipulledtheropeandthemountainturned.
Mill

375
HiniguitcoangCaguin,nagkakaraangmaching.
(Tag.)Guilingan
Ipulledtheropeandthemonkeybegantohowl.
Mill
Referstothecreakingofthemill,whengrinding.

376
Isangmalakingbabai,salikurantumatae.
(Tag.)Guilingan

Abigwoman,whoexcretesattheback.
Mill
Themealishereconsideredasexcreted.

377
Dinalasnangdinalasmaputeanglumabas.
(Tag.)GuilinganPage122
Somebodygotbusyandsomethingwhiteappeared.
Mill
Thegroundricepoursoutfromthemillasawhitemeal.

378
Aldoatbengimacangangaya,manenayayangparusa.
(Pamp.)Asung
Itgapesdayandnightawaitingpunishment.
Mortar

379
Isalamangangsapin,duhaangbatiisapatangpaa,isaanglauas,isaangbabaapangualasing
olo.
(Bis.)Luzong
Hehasbutoneshoe,twoshins,fourlegs,onebody,onemouth,butnohead.
Mortar

380
Noigamactasiquetmolagtocaalagto.
(Iloc.)Alo
IfIholdyourwaistyoujumpandjump.
Pestle

Inpoundingrice,thegreatwoodenpestleistakenbythemiddle,whichismoreslenderthanthepounding
ends.

381
Nomagnaniarodocagparintomengaminaroot.
(Iloc.)AradoPage123
Whenthecreeperpassesallthegrasskneels.
Plow

382
Cobboniamamquiadniinamsicangaanacdadaramodumca.
(Iloc.)Arado
Thefatherisbentover,themotherisbentbackandthesonisbentforward.
Plow
Thishasreferencetothedifferentsticks,orpieces,ofwhichtheplowiscomposed.

383
Sapalacolnabuhay
atsauntognamatay.
(Tag.)Palayoc
Producedbyhammeringbutdestroyedbyajar.
Pot
Clayforpotteryispreparedbypoundingitwithalighthammer;itisalsobeatenintoshapeintheprocessof
givingitform.

384
Pegarencoabotpegarencoabot.
(Pang.)Liquen
Iturnovercompletely,Iturnovercompletely.

Potringsupport

385
Addaabalbalaycoapusipusacapusipusmabalbalcut.
(Iloc.)PudonanPage124
Ihaveathing,whichItwineandtwineanditiscovered.
Weavingspool

386
Nanongasapatngababaangnagacaon,mataangngapamuson?
(Bis.)Ayagan
Whatanimalisit,whichtakesitsfoodthroughitsmouthandexcretesitthroughitseyes?
Sieve

387
BahayniGuiringguiringbutasbutasangsinding.
(Tag.)Bithay
Guiringguiring'shouseisfullofholes.
Sieve

388
Addamaysaacaballo;tallotsacana;nodicasacayandimagna.
(Iloc.)Egad
Thereisahorse;hehasthreelegs;ifyoudonotrideonhim,heneverwalks.
Coprashredder

389
LimmaacedDagupandugduaraybacatco.
(Pang.)Sali

IwenttoDagupanbutIleftonlytwofootprints.
Sled

390
AniataramidaduduattugaonaPage125inganatpanacaparsuana?
(Iloc.)Pasagad
Whatworkhastwoseatssinceitscreation?
Sled

391
Aniatiuppattisacanaduduatitugotna?
(Iloc.)Pasagad
Whathasfourfeetbutonlytwofootprints?
Ricesled
Thesledforhaulingricehasfoursupportsorlegs,whichendintworunners.

392
PusepusectipengantumbogcarayanVigan.
(Iloc.)Dadapilan
IturntheplateandwaterflowsoutliketheViganRiver.
Sugarmill

393
Oalaybaboyconbalegsonlabenngalibngaleb.
(Pang.)Darapitan
Ihavealargepig;duringthenighthegrunts.
Sugarmill

Vegetables.

394
Titenangamamo,isinubsobcosaabo.
(Tag.)Camote
Yourfather'sIplaceintheashes.
CamotePage126
Thecamoteisasortofsweetpotato;itmaybebakedintheashes.

395
Nagsabongtisinanmalucongnagbungaunegtidaga.
(Iloc.)Camote
Itproducesaflowerlikeacup;fruitunderground.
Camote

396
Siradmirabilisoaladdalemsosicsic.
(Pang.)Cete
Themirabilis(fish)hashisscalesinside.
Cete
Thecete(piquante)isthepepper.

397
OtinnenlaquicDuardobatilyaangaedngoro.
(Pang.)Palia
MygrandfatherEduardo'siscoveredwithpimples.
Cucumber

398
Oquisnanbagasnan.

(Iloc.)Lasona
Itsbarkisitsseed.
Onion

399
Biniliangisangminithikongbagayatanghinahangadaypakinabangan,pagdatingsaaminang
pinangyarihan,nanggagamitinluhakoybumakal.
(Tag.)SibuyasPage127
IboughtathingIwishedtouse;whenItriedtouseitmytearsfell.
Onion

400
IsdacosaMarivelessapinsapinangcaliskis.
(Tag.)Sile
MyfishinMariveleshasmanifoldscales.
Pepper
Scaleslaidupononeanother;theseedsofthepepperareflatandstackedagainstoneanother.

401
Mahanghanghindinamanpaminta;maputihindinamanpapel;verdehindinamansuha;turang
mongbigla.
(Tag.)Rabanos
Itissharpbutnotpepper;whitebutnotpaper;greenbutnotshaddock;guesswhatthatis.
Radish

402
Angiloynagacamangangbatanagapungco.
(Bis.)Calabaza
Themothercreeps,andthesonsits.

Squash
Themotheristhevine;thechildisthefruit.Theriddlegainspoint,bysuggestingPage128areversalofthe
naturalconditions.

403
AniaitiparsuaniApoDiosngaaoantimatanaaoantingioatnaquenaoantiobetnaquetmangan
tiladocladoc?
(Iloc.)Tabungao
WhatcreatureofLordGodhasnoeyes,nomouth,noanusandeatsladocladoc?
Awhitesquash
Ladocladocisriceflattenedinthemortarbytheblowsofthepounder.Theseedsofthetabungaoresembleit.

404
Berdiyabalat,malutuyalamanantimoingpacuan.
(Pamp.)Pacuan
Itsskinisgreenanditsfleshislikeawatermelon.
Watermelon
Theriddleispoor,inthatitintroducestheanswerasatermofcomparison,inawaytomislead.Similarcases
occurinotherlands.

405
Verdeangbalatpulaanglamanespectorantecungturan.
(Tag.)Pacuan
Greenskin,redmeat,espectorantetheycallit.
WatermelonPage129

Vision.
406

Limocsoacalabascoagcoasabi.
(Pang.)Pacanengneng
IjumpedfurtherbutIdidnotreach.
Tosee

Waves.
407
Nagadalaganngauaaysingtiilcognagangurubngauaaysingbaba.
(Bis.)Balod
Itrunshavingnofeetanditroarshavingnomouth.
Waves

Word plays.
408
Aniaitimainagananariditoybagui?
(Iloc.)Aripoyot
Whatking(ari)doyounameinyourbody?
Aripoyot
Thisisthegreatinnermuscleoftheupperleg.

409
Cunghindilamangangtatlongletrat,o,atsaykinakainsanasiya.
(Tag.)Asintos
Butfortheletterstoswewouldbeeatingit.
(String)
Thewordasintosmeansstring;droppingPage130theletterstoswehaveasinleft,meaningsalt.

410
Bugtongpasmiasa,punoatduloimaybunga.
(Tag.)Calamias
Bugtongpasmiasa,whosetrunkandbrancheshavefruit.
Calamias
Bugtongisariddle:thewordpasmiasahasnomeaning.Thereishereamereplayonthesoundofwords.
Pasmiasasuggeststheanswer.

411
Casanoitipanangtiliuitiugsaadimasapulitisilo,aso,gayang,oennoaaniamanapaniliu?
(Iloc.)Urayecamaloto
Howdoyoutakeadeerwithoutnet,dogs,spear,orotherthingsforcatching?
Cooked

412
Laguiungtao,laguiungmanuc,delananingmetungayayup.
(Pamp.)Culassisi
Thenameofaman,thenameofachicken,werecarriedbyabird.
Culasisaman'sname;sisithenameofachicken.Combinedtheymakeabird'sname.Page131

413
Indisapatindimantanoapang,angngalanniasiesco.
(Bis.,alsoTag.)Escopidor,Escopeta.
Neitheranimalnormanbutitsnameisesco.
Escopidor,Escopeta
Amereplayonthewords.EscoisanicknameforFrancisco.Theescupidorisacuspidor,theescopetaa
broom.Themeaningofthewordsgoesfornothing.ThewordsarebothofSpanishorigin.

414
Macatutipoonna,rugacitingoduna.
(Iloc.)Macaturugac
Macatu=cloth
Rugac=old,rottenclothing

Clothisthebeginning;tatterstheending.
i.e.Macatuisthebeginning,rugactheending.ThewholewordmeansIamsleeping.

415
Salapiitipoona;ngaotingodona.
(Iloc.)Salapingao
(Fiftycents)Salapiisthebeginning;()ngaotheend.Page132
TheSalapingaoisabirdlikeaswallow.

416
Sinampalcobagoinaloc.
(Tag.)Sampaloc
IslappedbeforeIoffered.
Sampaloc
Thereissimplewordplayhere;thebeginningandendoftheriddlegivethewordS(in)ampaloc.The
Sampalocisafruittree.

Aspeciesofbambu;firm,slenderandhigh.

aflower.

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Riddle of our times: The new bugtong

GOTCHA By GOTCHA Jarius Bondoc | Updated November 22, 2006 - 12:00am
0

2 googleplus0

Remember this bugtong: "kung kailan mo pinatay, saka humaba ang buhay"? Or, "nang sumipot sa maliwanag,
kulubot na ang balat"? And, "sa araw ay bungbong, sa gabi ay dahon"?

Only Pinoys aged 45 or older find thrill in such riddles. Even fewer know the answers: kandila, ampalaya,
banig. Younger ones, steeped in hi-tech, would think the bugtongan language and ideas strange. For if, say,
cell phones have altered the way they communicate or trade, it has also blurred their folkways.

Which isn’t exactly bad, for there’s always a replacement culture. In this case, a new sort of
Filipino riddles is emerging – by text messaging. The likes of: "ginagawa ko naman lahat para sumaya
ka... Mahirap ba talaga makuntento sa isa? Bakit palipat-lipat ka?" TV. Or: "Biktima din kami ng abortion."
Balut. And: "hindi lahat ng bubuyog kulay itim." Jollibee.

If you were born during or after martial law and you don’t receive modern riddles on your sleek mobile,
your friends must be avoiding you. For they’re spreading farther, wider and plentier by the day. Stuff like:
"hindi lahat ng walang salawal ay bastos." Winnie the Pooh. And: "pilitin mo man alisin ako sa buhay mo,
babalik at babalik ako." Libag. Plus this: "alam kong sa tingin nyo masaya ako. Pero bakit kayo ganyan?

Tuwing wala na kayong masabi, ako na lang ang ginagamit nyo. Pagod na pagod na ko sa pag ngiti!" .

Truly gone are the days of the picturesque "buto’t balat, lumilipad" for saranggola. Or, "munting prinsesa
nakaupo sa tasa" for kasoy. And, "ako ay may kaibigan, kasama ko kahit saan" for anino.

They’ve been replaced by "nakakalungkot isipin na may mga tao talagang nang-iiwan sa ere", equally
picturesque and also for saranggola. Plus, "hala sige magpakasasa ka... Alam ko naman na katawan ko lang
ang habol mo" for hipon. Also, "I can’t help but fall" for sipon.

Old-timers may fret at the trend, saying the bugtong of yesteryears were superior for their rhyme and rhythm.
Examples: "Dumaan ang hari, nagkagatan ang mga pari." Zipper. "Mababa kung nakatayo, mataas kung
nakaupo." Aso. "Nagtago si Pedro, nakalitaw ang ulo." Pako.

But then, youths find poetry as well in today’s riddles. Like: "Alam mo, wala na kong ibang hinangad
kundi mapalapit sa yo, pero patuloy naman ang pag-iwas mo." Ipis. There’s lilt even in this free verse:
"na-touch ako sa sinabi mo na... I can’t get you out of my head... I really found a home in you." Kuto. And
this: "sikat talaga ako. Pag dumadaan ako, nagtitilian ang mga tao... Nagsisigawan... Nagtatalunan pa." Daga.

Modern bugtong reflect the lifestyle and needs of today. Humor comes in an instant. The question forces you to
think, but not too long and hard. Then, you simply scroll down for the answer. There’s also humor in the
very "txt lnguage". Example: "Alam kong mrmi akong tnong. Pero ngta2nong lng nman aq. Sna wg m ako
murahin patalikod pag d m msagot mga tnong ko." Test paper.

Some riddles of old sounded gross, but were actually innocuous. Like, "heto na si kaka, bubuka-bukaka" for the
innocent gunting. Or, "taong buhay, inaanay" for bulutong-tubig. And, "Nanganak ang birhen, itinapon ang
lampin" for saging.

Today’s versions are plain gross. Like, "nagpakahirap kang makuha ako... Yun pala bobolahin mo lang
ako... At iiwan kung saan-saan" for kulangot. And, "bwisit na buhay ito. Itlog, itlog. Araw-araw na lang itlog" for
briefs. Finally, "hindi ko hinangad na ipagmalaki mo na ako’y sa yo, ayoko lang naman na sa harap ng
madaming tao ganun mo na lang ako itanggi" for utot.

Old bugtong were also ribald. There was "binurat ko nang binurat, saka ko kinagat" saging. And, "kiking
kekembot, titing susundot-sundot" for sewing machine.

Today’s are milder: "Bakit mo ko binibitin, kung kelan kainitan at basang-basa ako? Sinampay. Also,
"halika, bigyan mo pa ako ng init. Kailangan kong pumutok para ako’y iyong matikman at ika’y

masarapan." Popcorn.

But some are downright irreverent. The answer to "hindi lahat ng macho may bigote" is Vina Morales.

Perhaps what makes today’s riddles different is their spontaneity. Last Sunday, as Manny Pacquiao was
flooring his foe, this one spread fast: "Hindi lahat ng bumabagsak nagsa-summer." Erik Morales. And right after
the match came the sequel: "Igaganti ko si Erik Morales. Sakto ang timbang at katawan ko." Vina Morales.

***

Filipinos traveling to the US and balikbayans to these isles oftentimes compare notes on the struggles to shed
off jetlag. But they’ve never settled the question of which is tougher to get over: jetlag from flying east
from Manila to America, or from flying west from America to Manila.

In truth, both disturbances of the circadian clock – the day-and-night cycle in the physiological routine of
all creatures – are bad on the health. Experiments with old lab mice in the ’80s showed increased
deaths when the daily cycle of light followed by darkness was altered so that light came six hours earlier.

But then, two inquisitive researchers, although they must not have heard about the Filipino balikbayandebate,
tried to resolve it. And their findings are disturbing, as reported in The Economist. Travel fatigue from the US to
the Philippines can be deadly, but taking the opposite direction is even deadlier.

Gene Block and Alec Davidson of the University of Virginia experimented with three groups of mice for eight
weeks. Each set had nine young members and 30 elderly. The first batch was placed on a normal daily cycle of
12 hours of light followed by 12 hours of darkness. The second had 12 hours of light delayed by six hours every
week, simulating jetlag from traveling west. The third had its 12 hours of light advanced by six hours once a
week, replicating eastbound.

Expectedly the young ones fared well in all groups; only one died. Not the elderly, though. Of those in the
normal routine, 17% tilted. Mortality jumped among the old "travelers": 32% among the "westbound", 53%
among the "eastbound".

Unsatisfied, Block and Davidson sought to determine how more frequent fliers would fare. They got the same
number of mice to go east and west, but this time advanced the light part of the cycle every four days. Sure
enough, the elderly died more rapidly, with the "eastbound" obliterated ahead of the "westbound".

If there’s a lesson here for Filipinos (eastbound) and balikbayans (westbound), it’s not in that the
latter are "safer". It’s that the former should fly west, dropping by Europe, when visiting America.