LSD Design for doubly reinforced simply supported beam

Name of work:- abc

1

Clear Span

11.00

mtr

11000

mm

Wall width

0.23

mtr

230

mm

Size of Beam (restricted)

0.50

mtr

0.23

mtr

External Load

8.00

kN/m

8000

N/m

Concrete

25

Grade

Unit weight concrete

Steel

500

N/mm2

Tensile stress

Niminal Cover

25

mm

8
9

Bottom Main reinforcement 1st tier

2nd tier
Top Main reinforcement

10

2 - lgd. Strirrups

20
12
12
0
8

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Depth

m-

fy

230

11000 mm
8 mm 2 lgd strips
196 mm c/c
#REF!

Width

3
3
9
196
12 mm
12 mm

25000 N/m3

500

N/mm2

Nos bars
Nos bars
Nos bars
Nos bars
mm c/c
230

9
#REF!

#REF!
0
mm

#REF!
#REF! nos bars
mm
3 nos bars
20
(a) L section
9 nos bars

20

mm top bars
12
#REF! nos bars
12

#REF!
mm

mm
25
mm cover

mm 2 lgd strips
196 mm c/c
mm
#REF! nos bars
20
mm
3 nos bars
20
8

0
mm

-50
mm
25
mm cover

0
mm

0
mm

(b) section at mid span

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

section at support

Design of Doubly reinforced simple supported Beam :1

2
3
4
5

Clear Span
Wall width
Size of Beam (restricted)
External load
Concrete

11.00
0.23
0.50
8.00
M 25

mm
m
m
500 mm
kN/m

11000 mm
230 mm
0.23 m 230 mm
= 8000 N/m
= ###

Width
Unit weight concrete

6 Steel
fy 500 N/mm2
7 Bottom Main reinforcement 1st tier 20 mm
8 Top Main reinforcement
12 mm
mm
9 2 - lgd. Strirrups
8
###Cover
25 mm

Tensile stess =

500 N/mm2

1 computation of Design Constants and limting of N.A.:For steel fe 500

fy = 500 N/mm2
fck
=
Xu.max / d
depend only a grade of steel and is independent on grade of concrete, for
Fe

500

Ru = 0.36. fck.

where Ru =
Here d =
Mu.lim =
Xu.max =

Xu.max
d

700
0.87 x

1100 +
Xu.max
Xu. Max
1 - 0.416 x
d
d
0.36
x
20
x
0.456 (1- 0.416 x
230
25
8
6
=
Ru.
0.456

bd2
=
d = 0.456 x

2.661 x
191 =

2 Computation of design of bending moment

Let width of Beam
= 11000 + 191

Available L/d = 11191 /

191
Max. permissible value of L/d even without modification factor
Hence deflection requirement are satisfied.
self Load of Beam per meter run = 0.23 x
0.50
External load =
8000
N/m
Total load per meter run = 2875 + 8000
wu =
1.0 x
###
WuL2
10875 x 11.19
MuD (at mid span ) =
=
8
8
10 3
= 171 x
since

170300000

>

22323326

3 Determination of tensile reinforcement

fck Xumax
20
Pt.lim
= 0.414
= 0.414 x
d
fy
500
0.00755179
Ast1 =
Pt.lim x bd
=
Let the cover to the center of compressive reinforcement d' '=
MuD - Mu.lin
170300000
Ast2'
=
=
1
x
500
0.87 fy(d -d')
Total Ast= Ast1 +Ast2 '=
= 332 + 2239
230
(Maximum Reiforcement = 0.04 bD
= 0.04 x
2
using 20
mm bars
= 3.14xdia
A
4 x100
A
/A
Nomber of Bars = st
=
2571 / 314
Hence Provided 9 bars of 20 mm bar, at top , in one tier,
4 Dtermination of compressive reinfocement

=
=
=

0.456026059 )= 2.661
mm
191
191 )2=

11191

=
=
x

x(
=
+
=
=

22323326
22 x 10'6

< 11230

10875
10875
11.19

N-m
MuD

compaire this with

value given in
Table 33.3

58.59162304
20

N/mm

= 0.456

500

230 x (
88 mm

20

### =

2875

N/m
N/m
=

170300

N-m

or 171 x 10 6 N-mm
> Mu.lim
Double reiforcemnt req

0.456

= 0.00755

230 x 191 = 332

+
25
+
8
6 =
22323326
)= 2239
191 39
2571
mm2
500 = 4600 > 2239
3.14 x 20 x 20
=
4
x
100
8.19

say
=
9 No.
keep a nominal cover ,

Asc

MuD -Mu.lin
=
(fsc - 0.446Fck)(d-d')
147976674

170300000
22323326
(fsc
- 0.446 x
20
)( 191 973531
Asc
=
=
fsc 8.92 x
152
fsc
8.92
0.0035 x(
0.0035(xu.max - d')
88
39
=
=
)= 0.00195
sc
xu.max
88
Hence from Table 33.1 for fe
500 steel, fsc = 325
N/mm2
973531
= 3082
mm2
325
8.92
using 12
mm bars
= 3.14xdia2
A
=
4 x100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A =
3082 /
113 =
Hence Provided 28 bars of 12 mm bar, at top , in one tier,

Asc

39 )

3.14 x
4
27.26

12
x
say

x 12
100
=

28 No.

5 Curtailment of tensile and compressive reinforcement

Development length (Ld) of
20 mm bar in tension
See table 36.5
0.87 fy
0.87 x
500 x
x
=
=
57

57 x 20 =
4 tbd
4
x
1.2
x 1.6
Development length (Ld) of
12 mm bar in compression
See table 36.5

0.87 fy
0.87 x
500 x
x
=
=
45

45 x 12 =
1.25x4 tbd
5
x
1.2
x 1.6
Hence the tension steel cannot be curtailed at less than
1.13 m from center of span
while the compression steel cannot be curtailed at less than
0.54 m from center of span
Let us curtail 9.3 comprssion bars and
5
Bar tension bar at a theoretical point of cut off distant
1.20 m from the center of span .
Actual point of cut off from the centerof span will be larger of two value
(I) =
1.20
+
d
= 1.20 + 0.191 =
m
1.40
1.39
(II) =
1.20
+
12
x
F
= 1.20 +
x 0.020 = 1.44
12
Keep the actual point of cut off at
1.44 m from center of spoan . Distance of theoretical ponit of cut offf
from center of span = 1.44 - 0.191 =
1.249
11.191 /
- 1.249 =
2
Distance of theoretical point of cut off from center of support =
It can be shown that the moment of resistance of the section at this point will be larger than the actual B.M. at this location

6 Shear reinforcement
The critical section for shear is at a distance of d =
191
or at distance of
191
+
191
/
2
=
287
11.19
= 10875
Vs
x
- 10875 x 0.29
2
57735
Vu
v
=
=
230
x 191
bd
100Ast
100 x
5
x
314
=

bd
230 x
191
Hence from table 36.1
Tc
= 0.82 N/mm2

mm from the face of support .

=
0.29
m from the center of support
=

57735

1.31

N / mm2

3.22

<

1.31

Shear reinforcemnt required

3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
= 2 x
4 x100
4
x
.87 x fy x Asv
0.87 x 500 x
100.5
=(
=
= 196
Sv
tv - tc )x b
1.31 - 0.34 )x
230
However, minimum shear reinforcement is governed by expression
2.175 x Asv x fy
2.175 x 100.5 x
500
=
=
= 475
Sv
b
230
Required Sv
= 196 mm
Spacing based on effective depth of beam
0.75 x
Subject to maximum of 0.75d or b which ever is less.=
191.0
= 140
Let us provide

mm 2 leg strirrup Asv

x 8
100

mm say

mm say

or 300

480

mm which
ever is less

Hence provide the

8 mm strirrups @ 196 mm c/c near support

and increase this gradually 480 mm to ward center

7 Check for devlopment length at support:At the support, the tensile reinforcement should satisfy the following reaction .
1.3xM1
L0
Ld
+
>
V
There are 5
tensile Bars available at support , having Ast =
5
x 314 = 1413 mm
500
x
5
x 314
0.87.fy.Ast1
0.87 x
Xu
=
=
= 372
20
x
230
.36 x fck .b
0.36 x
M1
= 0.87
fy.Ast1.(d - 0.416Xu)
M1
=
0.87
x 500.0 x( 4.5
x 314 )x(
191.0
- 0.416 x 372 )
=
22280014 N-mm or 22.28 x 10'6 N-mm
Wux . L
###
x
11.19
V
=
S.F.
=
N
=
= 60851.1
2
2
0.87x fy
0.87
x 500 x

Ld
=
x
=
= 57 x 20 =

4tbd
4
x
1.2 x
1.6
Minimum Embeded required from the face of the support =
1133 /
3
= 378 mm
Width of support available (bo) =
230 mm, providing end cover x' of
= 50 mm
And providing 90 degree bend to tensile bars
Lo
1.3 xM1
V
620

230

50

L0

1.3

<

Ld

620

8 Deatil of reinforcement

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

- 95.5
+
60
=
144.5
22280014
x
+
145
60851
< 1133 Increase embedment

620

mm

mm

N/mm2

compaire this with

value given in
Table 33.3
N/mm
N/mm

N/m

N-m
N-mm
Double reiforcemnt required

mm2
39

mm

mm
Hence O.K.

314
No.
25

mm2

mm

113

mm2

No.

See table 36.5

1133 mm
See table 36.5
544 mm
m from center of span,
m from center of span,
cut off distant

nit of cut offf

4.347 m

he center of support

reinforcemnt required
100.5 mm2

196

480

mm

mm

mm which
ever is less

mm2
mm2

1133 mm

Table 33.1 salientpoints on the design stress-strain curvefor cold worked bars
Fyd = Design Yeild stress ; fy = characterstic stress
Fe =415 Fy = 415 Fe =500 Fy = 500
Stress
steel :
N/mm2
steel :
N/mm2
level
Strain
Stress
Strain
Stress
0.8 fyd
0.00144 288.7
0.00174 347.8
0.85fyd
0.00163 306.7
0.00195 369.6
0.90 fyd 0.00192 324.8
0.00226 391.3
0.95 fyd 0.00241 342.8
0.00277 413
0.975 fyd 0.00276 351.8
0.00312 423.9
1.00 fyd 0.0038
360.9
0.00417 434.8

Table 33.2

Value of Pt,lim (%)

Grade
concrete

fck
Value of 100 pt lim. for
(N/mm2)
fy=250
fy =415
fy =500
M15
15
1.319
0.716
0.566
M20
20
1.758
0.955
0.754
M25
25
2.198
1.194
0.943
M30
30
2.638
0.433
1.132
M35
35
3.077
1.672
1.32
M40
40
3.517
1.910
1.509
Acording to ACI and australian Codes, normal structure
should have Pt.max > 0.75pt.lim
design constant
fy
Xu.max /d
250
0.531
415
0.479
500
0.456

TABLE 33.3 Value of Ru.lim For balance section

Grade
concrete

Reinforcement
Fe 250,lim = Fe 415,lim = Fe 500,lim =
0.1489 fck
0.1381 fck
0.1330 fck

M15
M20
M25
M30
M35
M40

2.333
2.978
3.722
4.467
5.211
5.956

Over all
depth of slab

300 or
more
1.00

2.071
2.761
3.452
4.142
4.833
5.523

1.995
2.66
3.325
3.99
4.655
5.32
TABLE -36.3

FACTOR k

275

250

225

200

175

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

TABLE 36.4
Permissible Bond stress for plain bar in tension (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete
M-20
M-25
M-30
M-35
Design bond stress bd N / mm2)
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.7

TABLE 36.2

150 or
less
1.30

M-40
1.9

Maximum shear stress c.max (N/mm2)

Grade of concrete

c.max (N/mm2)

M-15
2.5

1. Grade of concrte
2. Grade of steel
fe 250
3. Bar in tension
46
4. Bar in compression
37
1. Grade of concrte
2. Grade of steel
fe 250
3. Bar in tension
32
4. Bar in compression
26

M-20
2.8

M-25
3.1

M-30
3.5

M-35
3.7

TABLE -36.5 VALUE OF DEVLOPMENT LENGTH FACTOR (kd)

M 20
M25
fe 415
fe 500
fe 250
fe 415
fe 500
47
57
39
41
49
38
46
31
33
39
M35
M40
fe 415
fe 500
fe 250
fe 415
fe 500
34
40
29
30
36
27
32
23
24
29

TABLE 36.1 DESIGN SHEAR STRENTH (TC) OF CONCRETE (N/mm2)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40
1.45
1.50
1.55
1.60
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.80
1.85

M-15
0.28
0.315
0.35
0.37
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.490
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.68
0.69
0.70
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71

M-40
4

Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-20
M-25
M-30
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.32
0.325
0.33
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.50
0.51
0.53
0.52
0.53
0.55
0.54
0.55
0.57
0.56
0.57
0.59
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.58
0.59
0.61
0.59
0.60
0.62
0.60
0.62
0.64
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.66
0.66
0.68
0.68
0.67
0.69
0.70
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.70
0.71
0.72
0.70
0.72
0.73
0.71
0.73
0.74
0.72
0.74
0.75
0.73
0.75
0.75
0.74
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.76
0.76
0.75
0.77
0.77
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.78
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.80
0.79
0.79
0.81

tv N/mm2
M-35
0.29
0.33
0.37
0.39
0.41
0.44
0.47
0.50
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.57
0.59
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.65
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.70
0.71
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.78
0.79
0.80
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.83

M-40
0.30
0.34
0.38
0.4
0.42
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.69
0.70
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.80
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.85

1.90
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.75
3.00 and above

0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71

0.80
0.80
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82

0.80
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.92

0.82
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.96

0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.90
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.93
0.94
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.99

0.86
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.92
0.92
0.93
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.95
0.96
0.96
0.97
0.98
1.01

H FACTOR (kd)
fe 250
37
29

M30
fe 415
38
31

fe 500
46
37