AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF TO BE AND VERB IN PASSIVE

VOICE AMONG THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF

SMP N 22 PURWOREJO IN THE ACADEMIC OF YEAR 2012/2013
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Acquire
Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Department of
Teacher Training and Educational Science Faculty of
Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo

Written by:
ARI STYA RAHMAWATY
NIM 08.212.0019

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION SCIENCES FACULTY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOREJO
2013

AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF TO BE AND VERB IN PASSIVE

VOICE AMONG THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 22
PURWOREJO IN THE ACADEMIC OF YEAR 2012/2013
By
Ari Stya Rahmawaty
Abstract
This final project is descriptive qualitative research. The purpose of the study is
to know the error analysis to be and verb in passive voice done by students of Junior
High School. The researcher using essay tests which consist of 25 questions. A test is
used as an instrument to collect the data. The researcher used the subject of this study
are two classes 64 students of the seventh grade students. The instrument is in a form of
essay tests with to be and verb dealing with passive voice. Based on the data analysis,
there were 722 errors that can be classified into three groups as follows; a)
misformation (98.33%): 1) the use of to be is/are was 100 errors or 100%; 2) the use of
to be is/are and verb was 287 errors or 99.10% and 3) the use of past participle verb
was 323 errors or 99.34% and b) misordering (1.66%): the use of verb was 12 errors.
The mean score of the categories of students on the level of mastery are 2 students
(3.13%) got outstanding level of mastery, 3 students (4.69%) got above average level of
mastery, 15 students (23.44%) got average level of mastery, 9 students (14.06%) got
below average level of mastery, and 10 students (16.67%) got insufficient level of
mastery. So the model is error analysis.
Key words: Error Analysis, Passive Voice
A. Introduction
The students can be said to make errors when the production of their oral
and written expression differs from the native speaker or target languages norms.
Ellis (1994:48) makes a complete definition of the study of errors as follow; The
study of errors is carried out by means of error analysis. Error analysis was one of
the first methods used to investigate learner language and James (1998:58)
describes it as mother tongue influences.
Passive Voice is a mention that putting the verb of to be into the same
tense as the active verb and adding the past participle of the active verb to form
the passive voice (Suryasin, 2004:344).
The classification of error into error type was done based on the surface
strategy taxonomy. In which errors can be described into three types, they are;
misformation and misordering.
B. Method
This study is descriptive qualitative research study. The researcher used the
subject of this study are two classes 64 students of the seventh grade students. The
research aims to describe types of error according to surface strategy taxonomy

made by the students in using passive voice. The researcher will take seventh grade
students as the subject of the study. In collecting the data, the researcher will use a
test as an instrument. The test consists of twenty five items. The researcher used
64 students of the seventh grade students subject. The instrument is in a form of
essay tests with to be and verb dealing with passive voice. This research took places
at SMPN 22 Purworejo which is located in Pelutan village, sub district of Gebang,
regency of Purworejo. The object is the seventh grade students of SMP N 22
Purworejo especially VII G class and VII F class. The population of this study is all the
seventh year of SMP N 22 Purworejo who registered in academic year of
2012/2013.
The total of the population is (64) students distributed in two classes. This
research started on 26th November 2012 and finished on 27th November 2012.This
research is a qualitative research, so it needs a data analysis. This analysis is related
to the computation in answering the problem error analysis used to be and verb in
passive voice.
C. Research Finding
As described in the table above, there were 722 errors that can be classified
into two groups as follows; a) misformation (98.33%): 1) the use of to be is/are
was 100 errors or 100%; 2) the use of to be is/are and verb was 287 errors or
99.10% and 3) the use of past participle verb was 323 errors or 99.36% and b)
misordering (1.66%): the use of verb was 12 errors. the frequency of error made by
the students are different. There are 21 students who make error less than 40%.
The frequency indicates that the error is low. There are 25 students who make
error for about 40% - 55%. The frequency indicates that the error is fair. There are
15 students who make error for about 56% - 75%. The frequency indicates that the
error is high. There are 3 students who make error for about 76% - 100%. The
frequency indicates that the error is highest. It can be seen that the percentage of
students error on the use of passive voice of to be and verb is 45.12%, so the
frequency indicates that the error is fair.
It can be seen that out of 64 students who did the test, only 2 students
(3.13%) of them got outstanding level of mastery, 3 students (4.69%) of them got
above average level of mastery, 15 students (23.44%) got average level of mastery,
9 (14.06%) students got below average level of mastery, 35 (54.68%) students got
insufficient level of mastery, and there are no students got outstanding level in
completing the test.
The researcher concludes that there is essay test of using twenty five
Questions error analysis the use of to be and verb in passive voice the seventh
grade students of SMP N 22 Purworejo.
D. Conclusion
The result of the investigation indicates that the students errors are as
follow:
1. Types of error in using to be and verb in passive voice
In the data analysis of 64 students, there were 722 errors that can be
classified into two groups as follows;
a. Misformation, the researcher found 710 errors or 98.33%.

1) The use of to be is/are was 100 errors or 100%; for example: English are
studied by John.
2) The use of to be is/are and verb was 287 errors or 99.10%; for example:
English are speaks by her.
3) The use of past participle verb was 323 errors or 99.36%; for eample:
Iced-tea is drinked by them
b. Misordering, the researcher found 12 errors or 1.66%.
The use of verb was 12 errors; for example: English are speaks by her.
2. The sources of error analysis using to be and verb in passive voice are:
1) Errors caused by overgeneralization
The researcher found
287 errors or 99.10% due to
overgeneralization occurred in passive voice. For example: The students
are teached by the professor.
2) Errors caused by ignorance of the rule restriction
In this thesis, the researcher found 100 errors or 100% caused by
ignorance of rule restrictions. For example: A picture is drawed by me.

E. References
Anggoro, Toha. 2008. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka.
Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2006. Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Azar. B.S. 1999. Understanding and Using English Grammar. America: Longman.
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 1989. Basic English Grammar Regents/Prentice Hall.
Gerot,L and Wignell, P. 1995. Making sense of functional grammar. Australia: Tanya
Stabler.
Horby. A . S. 2005. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. New
york: Oxford university press.
James, Carl. 1998. Error in Language Learnng an use: Exploring error Analysis.
London: Longman
Klammer, Thomas. P . 2004. Analysis English Grammar. New york: Longman
Murphy raymond. 1998. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press.
Nunan, David. 2005. Practical English Language Teaching Grammar: Mc. Graw Hill
Ramelan. 1992. Introduction to Linguistic Analysis.Semarang:IKIPSemarang Press.
Thomson, A.J and martinet,A.V. 1996. A practical English Grammar. New York:
Oxford university Press

Wishon. E. G. And Burks. M. J. 2008. Lets Write English:revised edition. New york:
American Book Company.