Rocks

Rocks

Weathering and Soil Formation

Weathering - breakdown of rock material
2 Kinds:
Physical - process by which rock breaks apart without
changing its chemical composition.

Weathering and Soil Formation

Weathering - breakdown of rock material
2 Kinds:
Physical - process by which rock breaks apa
changing its chemical composition.

Chemical - transforms the original material into new

substance with different composition and physical
characteristics.

Chemical - transforms the original material

substance with different composition and p
characteristics.

5 Factors of Soil Formation:

1. Living Things - Plant roots physically break rocks
into small pieces
2. Climate - heat and water accelerate chemical
changes

5 Factors of Soil Formation:

1. Living Things - Plant roots physically brea
into small pieces
2. Climate - heat and water accelerate chem
changes

3. Topography - Loose soil stays in place in flat areas,

allowing more thorough physical and chemical
alteration of its grains.

3. Topography - Loose soil stays in place in

allowing more thorough physical and chem
alteration of its grains.

4. Parent Material - Chemical changes during soil

formation depend on what minerals and rocks are
present.

4. Parent Material - Chemical changes durin

formation depend on what minerals and roc
present.

5. Time - When bedrock is exposed at the surface,

chemical, biologic, and physical processes combine
to produce a thin soil layer. Over time, the processes
extend vertically downward, developing soil horizons
whose position and thickness change over time.

5. Time - When bedrock is exposed at the s

chemical, biologic, and physical processes c
to produce a thin soil layer. Over time, the p
extend vertically downward, developing soi
whose position and thickness change over

Kinds of Rocks

Kinds of Rocks

1. Igneous Rock - lava that forms in to rock if it cools

1. Igneous Rock - lava that forms in to rock

Ex: granite, scoria, pumice, obsidian

Ex: granite, scoria, pumice, obsidian

2. Sedimentary Rock - are types of rocks that are

formed by the deposition of material at the Earth's
surface and within bodies of water
Ex: sandstone, limestone, shale, gypsum
3. Metamorphic Rock - transformation of rocks due to
high temperature or high pressure
Ex: marble, slate, schist, gneiss

2. Sedimentary Rock - are types of rocks th

formed by the deposition of material at the
surface and within bodies of water
Ex: sandstone, limestone, shale, gypsum
3. Metamorphic Rock - transformation of ro
high temperature or high pressure
Ex: marble, slate, schist, gneiss

Formation of Rocks: The Rock Cycle

Formation of Rocks: The Rock Cycle

Note: Metamorphism happens due to heat and

pressure.

Note: Metamorphism happens due to heat

pressure.

Rocks

d Soil Formation
akdown of rock material

by which rock breaks apart without

mical composition.

orms the original material into new

fferent composition and physical

ormation:
Plant roots physically break rocks

and water accelerate chemical

oose soil stays in place in flat areas,

orough physical and chemical
rains.
- Chemical changes during soil
on what minerals and rocks are

edrock is exposed at the surface,

c, and physical processes combine
soil layer. Over time, the processes
downward, developing soil horizons
nd thickness change over time.

lava that forms in to rock if it cools

a, pumice, obsidian

ock - are types of rocks that are

position of material at the Earth's
n bodies of water
mestone, shale, gypsum
ock - transformation of rocks due to
or high pressure
schist, gneiss

ocks: The Rock Cycle

ism happens due to heat and