Petrobras Ibirite GT Thermal Test Procedure Rev02

MS7001FA (PG7241) Gas Turbine Generator
Thermal Performance Test Procedure

for
Ibirite Power Plant
Petrobras Petroleo Brasileiro S/A
Minas Gerais, Brazil, South America
Unit Number
1
Turbine Serial Number

297820
g
Global Installation and Field Services
Energy Services
Performance Evaluation Services
Schenectady, New York
Chet Singh
March 20, 2002
Revision 02
Thermal Performance Test Procedure

Document Approval
Petrobras-Ibirite:
Name
Signature
Date
Name
Signature
Date
GE:
GE reserves all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties
without express authority is strictly prohibited.
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Table of Contents
Section
Page
Description
1.0
Introduction
2.0
Performance Specifications
3.0
Responsibilities
4.0
Measurement and Instrumentation
5.0
Pre-Test Preparation
6.0
Conducting the Test
7.0
Evaluation
12
8.0
Comparison to Guarantees
23
Appendix A: Performance Correction Curves

Appendix B: Measurement List
Appendix C: Data Sheets (Typical)
Appendix D: Pre-Test Field Calibration Verification Report (Typical)
Appendix E: Circuit Diagram, Precision Power Measurement
Appendix F: Performance Test Guidelines, GEK107551
Appendix G: Gas Turbine Exhaust Available Energy Calculation
Appendix H: NOT USED
Appendix I: NOT USED
Appendix J: Sample Test Calculation
Appendix K: Natural Gas Fuel Sampling Procedure
Appendix L: Fuel Composition Performance Correction Explanation
Appendix M: NOT USED
Appendix N: NOT USED
Appendix O: References
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1.0
Introduction
1.1
This document describes the procedures to test and evaluate the thermal performance of
one (1) GE MS7001FA gas turbine generator, model PG7241, at Ibirite Power Plant, Minas Gerais, Brazil, South America. The primary objective of the testing and evaluation is
to measure the performance of the gas turbine-generator unit in accordance with the purchase contract. The parameters of primary concern are: generator net power output, generator net heat rate, exhaust temperature and available exhaust energy. This document has
been written with ASME PTC 22-1997 as a guideline and in accordance with GEK
107551. The turbine operating conditions for which thermal performance will be determined are listed in Table 1
Table 1: Turbine Operating Conditions
Load Condition:
Base
Fuel:
Natural Gas
Exhaust Configuration:
Simple
Evaporative Cooler:
On
1.2
This document details the test responsibilities shared by GE and Petrobras-Ibirite, the test
set-up, the test instrumentation and measurements, the test preparations, and the operational conditions to be tested. It also presents the evaluation methodology by which results are to be determined and compared to the performance guarantees. Any changes to
this procedure must be mutually agreed upon and documented in writing, including appropriate signatures. A revision log sheet containing the date of each revision, a listing of the
items revised, and a space for the appropriate signatures, is included before the table of
contents.
1.3
There will be a series of pre-test activities to verify that the gas turbine is operating properly at full capability and is adequately prepared for the performance test. These activities
are detailed in Section 5 of this test procedure.
1.4
A preliminary performance survey may be conducted prior to the performance test to verify that the unit control system settings have been correctly configured.
1.5
The evaluation procedure utilizes correction factors to translate the measured performance
at the test conditions to the guarantee conditions. This ensures an accurate evaluation that
is consistent with the basis of guarantees.
1.6
As a result of commissioning of a gas turbine and its combustion system, any changes in
the final control setting may warrant the issuance of new correction curves.
GE reserves all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly prohibited.
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March 20, 2002
2.0
Performance Specifications
2.1
The measured performance will be compared to the guaranteed performance to establish a

basis for determining contract compliance. As defined by the purchase contract, the simple cycle guaranteed performance for each unit is provided in Table 2 below.
Table 2: Performance Guarantees
Natural Gas,
Base Load
Power Output (kW)
2.2
150,300
Heat Rate (BTU/kWh), LHV
9,525
Exhaust Temperature, F
1121
Exhaust Available Energy,

MBTU/hr
840.4
The net power output is determined from the power measured at the generator terminals
less measured excitation. The generator net heat rate is determined from the gas fuel consumption, the fuel lower heating value at constant pressure (LHVP), and the generator net
power output. For clarification purposes, the following diagram identifies the various
points along the generator electrical output stream, including the point at which the guarantees apply and the points at which the power measurements will be made.
Figure 1: Generator Electrical Output Stream
Equipment
Auxiliaries
Field
Excitation
MP
Plant
Auxiliaries
MP
MP
Generator
Gross
Generator
Net
Equipment
Net
Plant
Net 1
Plant
Net 2
(low side)
(high side)
MP
= M easurement Point
Guarantee
Point
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2.3
The measured performance of the gas turbine will be corrected to account for differences
between the measured test conditions and the rated conditions. At a minimum, measured
performance will be corrected to the rated conditions listed in Table 3
Table 3: Rated Conditions
Parameter
Rated Value
Ambient air temperature
71.6 oF
Ambient air humidity
67 %
Barometric pressure
13.32 psia
Generator power factor
0.85 (lagging)
Gas turbine conditions
New and Clean, < 200 Fired Hours
Gas turbine shaft speed
3600 rpm
Exhaust system pressure drop
12.0 in H2O
Gas Fuel Heating value at 80 oF
20786 BTU/lb
Fuel Composition (please see Note 2)
% volume
Nitrogen (N2)
0.74
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
0.48
Methane (CH4)
89.50
Ethane (C2H6)
6.90
Propane (C3H8)
1.89
N-Butane (C4H10)
0.25
Iso-Butane (C4H10)
0.16
N-Pentane (C5H12)
0.04
Iso-Pentane (C5H12)
0.04
Hexanes +
0.00
Notes:
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1. An additional correction will be made if the gas turbine control system is adjusted
such that the unit is not run to the exhaust temperature control curve prescribed in the
control specification for reasons beyond the control of GE.
An example would be fuel gas supplied to the gas turbine that had a BTU value
that was significantly outside the design range thus causing the fuel stroke ratio
valve to operate outside normal parameters causing the engine to operate below
the base load temperature control curve demand.
A second example would be if the power draw on the grid were insufficient to allow the gas turbine to produce enough output to reach its base load temperature
control curve.
2. The corrected output and heat rate will be determined from the test gas composition,
inclusive of a correction to account for the difference in performance caused by the
test gas composition being not precisely equal to the contract gas composition. See
Appendix L for a demonstration and further explanation.
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3.0
Responsibilities
There will be shared responsibility for the majority of test activities. The major test activities are listed in Table 4 below and the party responsible for each activity is indicated by a
check mark.
Table 4: Division of Test Responsibilities
Test Activity
GE
Ibirite
N/A
Prepare the thermal performance test procedure

Provide special instrumentation as specified herein
Provide suitable containers for the collection of fuel samples
Perform required station instrumentation calibration checks
Direct the installation of special test instrumentation
Execute test program
Provide copies of pertinent measured data to involved parties
Arrange for third party analysis of fuel samples
Coordinate the shipment and return of GE-provided equipment
Issue the final test report
Provide detergent and water and perform the off-line compressor water wash within required time
Provide load and fuel for the test program
Provide test assistants to support data collection
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4.0
Measurement and Instrumentation
4.1
Test data will be collected from temporary precision test instrumentation and selected station and control instrumentation
4.2
Performance test data are of two calibers:

Primary
Data used for performance test calculations
Secondary
Data not used for performance test calculations, but required for reference
or diagnostic purposes
4.3
Special instrumentation will be calibrated prior to the test. The calibration standards will
be traceable to the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Copies of
all instrument calibration records will be provided to Petrobras-Ibirite prior to the test and
in the final report.
4.4
A complete list of measurements, along with the caliber, instrument(s) used, number for
independent sensors and data gathering source for each measurement, is provided in
Appendix B.
4.5
Any temporary precision instrumentation required will be installed by Petrobras-Ibirite

and GE under the technical direction of the GE Performance Engineer.
4.6
At the completion of testing, all temporary precision instrumentation should be removed

as soon as possible. The instrumentation supplied by GE shall be returned to GE.
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March 20, 2002
5.0
Pre-Test Preparation
5.1
An off-line water wash of the gas turbine compressor section should be conducted prior to
the testing. The procedures and guidelines are specified in the GE Turbine Generator
Manual and/or GEK107122B. The compressor inlet and inlet plenum will be inspected by
the GE performance engineer before and after the wash. If the compressor is judged to
still be dirty after the initial wash, additional compressor washing and/or hand wiping may
be required at the GE performance engineers discretion to ensure compressor cleanliness.
The compressor will not be washed when the ambient temperature is below 40 oF. The
performance test should be started within 25 fired hours of the off-line water wash.
5.2
The calibration and proper operation of the control system, pertinent station instrumentation and measurement devices, and recording systems will be verified jointly by PetrobrasIbirite and the GE Performance Engineer prior to official testing. GE will supply NIST
traceable, portable calibration devices for verifying station instrumentation. All data and
notes regarding the instrumentation verifications, unit and device inspections, special instrumentation set-up and general readiness of the unit shall be documented in the Pre-Test
Readiness Report, an example of which is included in Appendix D. A copy of the report,
including appropriate signatures, will be provided to Petrobras-Ibirite prior to official testing. The original copy of the report shall be retained by the GE Performance Engineer for
inclusion in the final report.
5.2.1
The gas turbine exhaust thermocouple signal processing system will be confirmed to be operating to control specification. A thermocouple indicator/calibrator will be used to input a 1000 oF signal to the unit control system at
the terminal strips where the unit thermocouple leads first terminate. At least
three (3) thermocouple wire sets for each unit control system computer will be
checked (R, S, and T) for a total of at least nine (9) wire sets. If proper operation
cannot be confirmed, the control system must be corrected.
5.2.2
The calibration and proper operation of all pertinent station pressure transmitters will be verified. This will include a loop calibration check of each transmitter
to the control system, read at the control system display device, to verify overall
system signal accuracy. The GE Performance Engineer shall specify all transmitters to be verified during test set-up. These transmitters must meet the accuracy
criteria specified below if they are to be used for official performance test measurements. The pressure transmitters that shall be checked are listed in Table 5
Table 5: Station Pressure Transmitters to be checked
Transmitter(s)
Compressor discharge pressure
Barometric pressure
Exhaust duct differential pressure
Inlet duct differential pressure
Gas fuel static pressure
Gas fuel orifice differential pressure
Accuracy
0.5 %
0.5 %
0.5 %
0.5 %
0.5 %
0.5 %
During verification, pressure will be supplied to each transmitter with an NIST

traceable device. The input pressure levels shall cover an appropriate estimated
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range of normal operation. If proper operation cannot be confirmed, the transmitter in question must be re-calibrated by Petrobras-Ibirite, or personnel responsible
for maintenance of the unit control system. GE Performance Evaluation Services
personnel will not change the calibration of the control system or related transmitters.
5.2.3
Inlet Guide Vane (IGV) angular position will be measured with a machinist's
protractor at position(s) specified by the GE Performance Engineer. The angle
will be measured on at least sixteen (16) vanes equally spaced around the inlet circumference. The average of these measurements will define the true position of
the IGVs. The true angle will be compared to the feedback angle displayed by
the unit control system. The control system angle must be in agreement with the
measured angle to within 0.5 degrees, or the control system must be recalibrated.
5.2.4
If the gas fuel orifice plate has already been placed into service, it will be removed from the measurement station and inspected to verify that the leading edge
is clean and sharp. The orifice bore diameter will be confirmed. The orifice plate
will be replaced in the metering section in the proper orientation. However, if the
orifice section has been calibrated before installation, then the orifice will not be
inspected so as not to disturb the calibration. Copies of all calibration material
should be supplied to GE prior to testing.
5.2.5
The exhaust temperature control constants will be documented.
5.3
A fuel sampling location will be identified prior to the test. The sampling point will be
located as close as possible to the gas turbine and upstream of the metering station. Special care should be taken to ensure that the fuel sampling location is as far downstream of
all filters, dryers, compressors, scrubbers, etc. as possible, so that the samples are true representations of the fuel actually being consumed by the gas turbine.
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6.0
Conducting the Test
6.1
Performance testing will be witnessed by Petrobras-Ibirite and/or designated representative(s) of Petrobras-Ibirite.
6.2
A minimum of three (3) test runs will be conducted at base load operation on natural gas
fuel. The test sequence and operating characteristics will be as shown in Table 6.
Table 6: Test Sequence Summary
Unit
1
Test Run
13
Load
Base
Evaporative Cooler
On
Cycle
Simple
Fuel
Gas
6.3
The results of each test performance test run referenced to rated conditions will be the averages of appropriate measurements taken during each thirty (30) minute test run corrected
to the Rated Conditions and not of all of the test data taken over the total 90 minutes.
Moreover, the Facility Power Output, Heat Rate, Exhaust Gas Temperature and Exhaust
Gas Energy at the Rated Conditions should be the average of the test run results.
6.4
Each test run will be conducted with the gas turbine power plant and all test instrumentation functioning satisfactorily and in a steady-state condition.
6.4.1
Prior to and during each test run, the gas turbine wheel space temperatures will be
monitored individually to verify thermal stability. The gas turbine will be considered in a steady-state condition when each turbine wheel space temperature
changes by no more than five (5) oF over a fifteen (15) minute period. The unit
thermal stability will be documented by printouts from the unit control system.
6.4.2
In accordance with ASME PTC 22-1997, additional parameters will be monitored

during each test run to verify that the system is in a steady-state condition. These
parameters and corresponding limits of variation are listed in Table 7. The system will be considered in steady-state condition as long as the following is true for
each parameter listed: the variation from the test run average does not exceed the
defined limit.
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Table 7: Stability Requirement for Test Parameters

Parameter
Allowable Variation
from Average
Ambient Temperature
+ 4.0 F
Barometric Pressure
+ 0.5 %
Gas Fuel Supply Pressure
+ 1.0 %
Power Output
+ 2.0 %
Power Factor
+ 2.0 %
Turbine Speed
+ 1.0 %
Exhaust duct differential pressure
+ 0.5 %
6.5
In accordance with paragraph 3.3.4 of ASME PTC 22-1997, each test run will be conducted over a thirty (30) minute time period. Data will be recorded at five (5) minute intervals (or more frequently) throughout the duration of the test run for a minimum of
seven (7) complete sets of instrument readings. In no instance should the test run period
exceed thirty (30) minutes, nor should the data-recording interval exceed ten (10) minutes.
6.6
A set of two (2) fuel samples will be taken at the beginning and end of each test run for a
total of eight (8) samples. A timeline illustrating this sampling frequency for three (3) test
runs is included below.
Figure 2: Schedule of Fuel Samples
TP 1
30 minutes
Take 2 fuel
samples
TP 2
30 minutes
Take 2 fuel
samples
TP 3
30 minutes
Take 2 fuel
samples
Take 2 fuel
samples
Fuel samples may be taken more frequently, especially when unsteady fuel supply characteristics are suspected, provided that the fuel sampling process does not disturb the fuel
flow measurements. To ensure consistent, quality natural gas fuel samples, the gas sampling procedure included in Appendix K should be followed. One (1) fuel sample from
each set of two (2) will be delivered to a qualified third party laboratory for analysis. As a
back-up measure, the duplicate sample(s) will be retained at the site until all fuel analysis
is completed.
6.7
Data is to be recorded manually on data sheets (Appendix C), electronically from the Mark
VI control system and electronically from the data acquisition system.
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6.8
Copies of all data sheets, including printouts of data collected using data acquisition systems, are to be signed by owner representative, PB Power (Petrobras-Ibirite) and lenders
Engineer, GE Performance Engineer at the conclusion of the test. Any discrepancies or
questionable items shall be noted at this time. The original data sheets are to be kept by
the GE Performance Engineer for inclusion in the final report. Preliminary results will be
provided within (7) seven days of completion of the test. The final report will be issued
within thirty (30) days of completion of the test, or thirty (30) days from the date the gas
analysis from the performance test is made available to GE. A copy of all data sheets and
electronic data files are to be made and retained by Petrobras-Ibirite.
6.9
All testing shall be conducted with the inlet bleed heat system off and isolated when at all
possible. If for some reason, the inlet bleed heat system is in operation during the official
performance tests, for reasons such as, but not limited to compressor surge prevention or
anti-icing on very cold days, then appropriate performance corrections will be applied.
These inlet bleed heat system corrections have already been applied to the correction
curves in Appendix A.
6.10
Every effort will be made to conduct the test under the rated conditions or as close to the
rated conditions as possible in order to minimize the application of corrections, but should
corrections be necessary, the tested data from each test point will be corrected to the rated
conditions for guarantee purposes using the methods described in the Performance Test
Codes and this procedure. However, GE will not be held responsible for postponed commercial operating date (COD) because conditions were not suitable for testing. Any such
delays will be documented by GE.
6.11
For reference, the initial exhaust temperature control curve will be provided to Petrobras
before the DLN tuning. After completion of the DLN tuning, the final exhaust temperature control curve will be provided to Petrobras. The initial and final exhaust temperature
control curve will be documented in the PTRR report, Appendix D. GE and Petrobras will
jointly verify that the exhaust temperature control curve used for the performance test and
commercial operation are identical.
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7.0
Evaluation
The evaluation methodology detailed below contains all of the calculations required to determine gas turbine thermal performance, corrected to the rated conditions. A correction
factor will be used to account for the difference between the rated value and the measured
value for each parameter listed in Table 3. The appropriate correction factors, for each
turbine operating condition, are to be obtained from the GE-supplied correction curves
listed in Appendix A.
It is often the case that, as a result of gas turbine DLN tuning, updates to GE thermodynamic cycle models, or other such circumstances, the correction curves that were supplied
with the procedure will need to be updated. In this case GE will issue new correction
curves to Petrobras-Ibirite for review and comments. Petrobras-Ibirite approval for such
curve revisions is not required, however.
7.1
Gas Turbine Generator Net Power Output

Gas turbine generator net power output will be calculated from the measured gross power
less the measured excitation power.
GNPO
Gas turbine generator net power output, kW
GNPO
GGPOP EP
where:
GGPOP
EP
7.1.1
=
=
Gross generator power output, kW

Generator excitation power, kW
Gas Turbine Generator Gross Power Output, Precision Instruments

Gas turbine generator gross power output will be calculated using the precision watthour meter connected to the potential transformers and current transformers. This
measurement will be for reference only.
GGPOP
Gas turbine generator gross power output, kW

3
GGPOP
(Meter Reading) MCF PTR PTRCF CTR CTRCF 0.06
=1
Time
where:
Meter Reading =
=
Time
=
MCF
=
PTR
=
PTRCF
=
CTR
=
CTRCF
=
0.06
=
for GE load box, (counts/320), Watt-hr

for Yokogawa load box, direct reading, Watt-hr
Elapsed time period for meter reading, minutes
meter calibration factor
potential transformer ratio
PTR calibration factor
current transformer ratio
CTR calibration factor = 1.0
unit conversion, 60 minutes/hour/1000 watts/kW
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7.1.2
Gas Turbine Generator Gross Power Output, Station Instruments

Gas turbine generator gross power output will be calculated from the time required for
a fixed number of increments of digital multi-function meter.
GGPOS
Gas turbine generator gross power output, kW
GGPOS
(N / T) x (3.6 x 106)
where:
N
=
T
=
3.6 x 106 =
7.1.3
Fixed MegaWatt-hour increment

Elapsed time for N, seconds
Units conversion, (3600 seconds/hr)(1000 kW/MW)
Gas Turbine Generator Excitation Power

Excitation power will be calculated from the measured field current and voltage.
EP
Excitation power, kW
EP
(FP x FC) / (1000 x 0.975)

where:
FP
FC
0.975
1000
7.2
=
=
=
=
Field potential, volts

Field current, amps
Factor for losses in AC to DC conversion elements
1000 W / kW
Corrected Gas Turbine Generator Net Power Output

The gas turbine generator net power output will be corrected from the test conditions to
the rated conditions in accordance with paragraph 2.3.
CGNPO
Corrected gas turbine generator net power output, kW
CGNPO
(GNPO F1AP F1BP F2P F3P F4P F5P F6P F7P F8P
F9P F10P F11P)
where:
GNPO
Gas turbine generator net power output, kW
F1AP
Factor to correct power from the measured compressor

inlet temperature to the rated compressor inlet temperature (This correction factor is to be used only if the performance test is conducted with the evaporative coolers
turned off)
F1Ap(a) / F1AP(b)
where:
F1Ap(a)
Compressor inlet temperature correction factor

at the rated compressor inlet temperature
F1AP(b)

at the measured compressor inlet temperature
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F1BP
Factor to correct power from the measured ambient temperature and humidity to the rated ambient temperature
and humidity
F1BP(a) / F1BP(b)
where:
F2P
F1BP(a)
Ambient temperature and humidity correction

factor at the rated ambient temperature and humidity
F1BP(b)

factor at the measured ambient temperature and
humidity
Factor to correct power from the measured compressor

inlet specific humidity to the rated compressor inlet specific humidity. (This correction factor is to be used only
if the performance test is conducted with the evaporative
coolers turned off)
F2P(a) / F2P(b)
where:
F3P
F2P(a)
Compressor inlet specific humidity correction

factor at the rated compressor inlet specific
humidity
F2P(b)

factor at the measured compressor inlet specific
humidity
Factor to correct power from the measured barometric

pressure to the rated barometric pressure
F3P(a) / F3P(b)
where:
F4P
F3P(a)
Barometric pressure correction factor at the

rated barometric pressure
F3P(b)

measured barometric pressure
Factor to correct power from the measured turbine shaft

speed and measured compressor inlet temperature to the
rated turbine shaft speed and measured compressor inlet
temperature
F4P(a) / F4P(b)
where:
F4P(a)
Turbine shaft speed correction factor at the

rated turbine shaft speed and rated compressor
inlet temperature
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F4P(b)
F5P

measured turbine shaft speed and measured
compressor inlet temperature
Factor to correct power from the measured generator

power factor to the rated generator power factor at the
measured Generator Net Power Output (GNPO)
1-
[F 5 P ( a ) F 5 P (b ) ]
GNPO
where:
F6P
F5P(a)
Generator losses at the measured GNPO and

rated generator power factor
F5P(b)

measured generator power factor
Factor to correct from the total fired hours accumulated

prior to the test to the allowable total accumulated fired
hours, as long as the total fired hours accumulated exceeds the allowable fired hours
[ F 6 P (b ) F 6 P ( a ) ]
1+
100
where:
F6P(a)
Generator output degradation correction factor

at the allowable total accumulated fired hours
F6P(b)
Generator output degradation correction factor

at the total fired hours accumulated prior to the
performance test
F7P
NOT USED
F8P
Factor to correct power from the measured exhaust system pressure drop to the rated exhaust system pressure
drop up to 12 in H2O
F8P(a) / F8P(b)
where:
F8P(a)
Exhaust system pressure drop correction factor

at the rated exhaust system pressure drop and
rated compressor inlet temperature
F8P(b)

at the measured exhaust system pressure drop
and measured compressor inlet temperature
F9P
NOT USED
F10P
NOT USED
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F11P
Factor to correct power from the test fuel gas composition

to the contract fuel gas composition.
F11P(a) / F11P(b)
where:
7.3
F11P(a)
Output from gas turbine model at the test ambient conditions and contract fuel gas composition.
F11P(b)
Output from gas turbine model at the test ambient conditions and test fuel gas composition.
Gas Turbine Generator Net Heat Rate

Gas turbine net heat rate will be calculated from the measured rate of heat consumption
and the measured generator net power output.
GNHR
Gas turbine generator net heat rate, BTU/kWh
GNHR
HC / GNPO, BTU/kWh
where:
HC
GNPO
7.3.1
=
=
Heat consumption rate, BTU/hr

Generator net power output, kW
Gas Turbine Heat Consumption Rate

Gas turbine rate of heat consumption will be calculated from the measured fuel flow
rate and the fuel lower heating value at constant pressure (LHVP) as determined from
laboratory analysis of the fuel samples.
HC
Gas turbine heat consumption rate, BTU/hr
HC
WF x LHVP, BTU/hr
where:
WF
LHVP
7.3.2
=
=
Fuel flow rate, lb/s

Fuel lower heating value at constant pressure, BTU/lb
Gas Turbine Gas Fuel Flow Rate

The natural gas fuel flow rate into the gas turbine will be determined following the
method outlined by the American Gas Association Report No. 3 and 8 for metering
orifices, as follows:
WFG
Gas fuel flow rate (Per AGA Rpt 3, Eqn 1-2 pg 10), lbm/hr
WFG
3600 x N1 x Cd x Ev x Y x d2 x t, P x P
where:
3600
Units conversion, 3600 sec/hr
N1
Constant = 0.0997424 (Per AGA Rpt 3, Table 1-2)
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7.3.3
Cd
Coefficient of discharge (Per AGA Rpt 3, Sect. 1.7.2)
Ev
Velocity of approach factor (Per AGA Rpt 3, Eqn. 1-5)
Upstream expansion factor (Per AGA Rpt 3, Eqn 1-24

through 1-26)
Orifice Plate Bore Diameter in inches (per AGA Rpt 3,

Eqn. 1-7, pg. 11)
t,P
Density of flowing fluid (Per AGA Rpt 8, Eqn. 6), lbm/ft3
Differential Pressure, inches of H2O60F
Gas Fuel Heating Value and Density

The gas fuel constituents will be determined by gas chromatography in accordance
with ASTM D1945. The fuel density and heating value will be determined from the
constituents in accordance with Table 4.12.6 of ASME PTC 22-1997. The characteristics used to evaluate each individual test run will be based on the average of the
characteristics for the samples taken prior to and after each test run.
7.4
Corrected Gas Turbine Generator Net Heat Rate

Gas turbine generator net heat rate will be corrected from the test conditions to the guarantee conditions in accordance with paragraph 2.3:
CGNHR
Corrected gas turbine net heat rate, BTU/kWh
CGNHR
GNHR F1AHR F1BHR F2HR F3HR F4HR F5HR F6HR

F7HR F8HR F9HR F10HR F11HR F12HR
where:
GNHR
Gas turbine generator net heat rate, BTU/kWh.
F1AHR
Factor to correct heat rate from the measured compressor

inlet temperature to the rated compressor inlet temperature (This correction factor is to be used only if the performance test is conducted with the evaporative coolers
turned off)
F1AHR(a) / F1AHR(b)
where:
F1BHR
F1AHR(a) =

F1AHR(b) =

Factor to correct heat rate from the measured ambient

temperature and humidity to the rated ambient temperature and humidity
F1BHR(a) / F1BHR(b)
where:
Energy Services
17
March 20, 2002
F2HR
F1BHR(a) =

F1BHR(b) =

humidity
Factor to correct heat rate from the measured compressor

inlet specific humidity to the rated compressor inlet specific humidity. (This correction factor is to be used only
if the performance test is conducted with the evaporative
coolers turned off)
F2HR(a) / F2HR(b)
where:
F3HR
F2HR(a)

factor at the rated compressor inlet specific
humidity
F2HR(b)

factor at the measured compressor inlet specific
humidity
Factor to correct heat rate from the measured barometric

pressure to the rated barometric pressure
F3HR(a) / F3HR(b)
where:
F4HR
F3HR(a)

F3HR(b)

Factor to correct heat rate from the measured turbine shaft

speed and measured compressor inlet temperature to the
rated turbine shaft speed and measured compressor inlet
temperature
F4HR(a) / F4HR(b)
where:
F5HR
F4HR(a)

rated turbine shaft speed and rated compressor
inlet temperature
F4HR(b)

measured turbine shaft speed and measured
Factor to correct heat rate from the measured generator

power factor to the rated generator power factor at the
measured Generator Net Power Output (GNPO)
Energy Services
18
March 20, 2002
[F 5 HR ( a ) F 5 HR ( b ) ]
GNPO
1+
where:
F6HR
F5HR(a)

rated generator power factor
F5HR(b)

measured generator power factor
Factor to correct heat rate from the total fired hours accumulated prior to the test to the allowable total accumulated fired hours, as long as the total fired hours accumulated exceeds the allowable fired hours
[ F 6 HR (b ) F 6 HR ( a ) ]
1-
100
where:
F6HR(a)
Thermal efficiency degradation correction factor at the allowable total accumulated fired
hours
F6HR(b)
Thermal efficiency degradation correction factor at the total fired hours accumulated prior to
the performance test
F7HR
NOT USED
F8HR
Factor to correct heat rate from the measured exhaust system pressure drop to the rated exhaust system pressure
drop up to 12 in H2O
F8HR(a) / F8HR(b)
where:
F8HR(a)

at the rated exhaust system pressure drop and
rated compressor inlet temperature
F8HR(b)

at the measured exhaust system pressure drop
and measured compressor inlet temperature
F9HR
NOT USED
F10HR
NOT USED
F11HR
Factor to correct heat rate from the test fuel gas composition to the contract fuel gas composition.
F11HR(a) / F11HR(b)
where:
Energy Services
19
March 20, 2002
F12HR
7.5
F11HR(a)
Heat Rate from gas turbine model at the test

ambient conditions and contract fuel gas composition.
F11HR(b)
Heat Rate from gas turbine model at the test

ambient conditions and test fuel gas composition.
NOT USED
Gas Turbine Exhaust Temperature

The gas turbine exhaust temperature will be as measured using the unit control thermocouples.
ET
7.6
Measured gas turbine exhaust temperature, oF
Corrected Gas Turbine Exhaust Temperature

The gas turbine exhaust temperature will be corrected from the test conditions to the guarantee conditions in accordance with paragraph 2.3:
CET
Corrected gas turbine exhaust temperature, F
CET
ET + F1AET + F1BET + F2ET + F3ET + F4ET + F5ET + F6ET + F7ET +

F8ET + F9ET + F10ET
where:
ET
Gas turbine exhaust temperature, F
F1AET
Factor to correct exhaust temperature from the measured

compressor inlet temperature to the rated compressor inlet
temperature (This correction factor is to be used only if
the performance test is conducted with the evaporative
coolers turned off)
F1AET(a) - F1AET(b)
where:
F1BET
F1AET(a) =

F1AET(b) =


ambient temperature and humidity to the rated ambient
temperature and humidity
F1BET(a) F1BET(b)
where:
F1BET(a) =

Energy Services
20
March 20, 2002
F1BET(b) =

humidity
F2ET
NOT USED
F3ET

barometric pressure to the rated barometric pressure
F3ET(a) F3ET(b)
where:
F4ET
F3ET(a)

F3ET(b)


turbine shaft speed and measured compressor inlet temperature to the rated turbine shaft speed and measured
F4ET(a) - F4ET(b)
where:
F5ET
F6ET
F4ET(a)
Turbine shaft speed correction at the rated turbine shaft speed and rated compressor inlet
temperature
F4ET(b)
Turbine shaft speed correction at the measured

turbine shaft speed and measured compressor
inlet temperature

generator power factor to the rated generator power factor
at the measured Generator Net Power Output (GNPO)
0.0
Factor to correct exhaust temperature for expected performance degradation from the total fired hours accumulated prior to the test to the allowable total accumulated
fired hours, as long as the total fired hours accumulated
exceeds the allowable fired hours
F6ET(a) F6ET(b)
where:
F6ET(a)
Exhaust temperature degradation correction

factor at the allowable total accumulated fired
hours
F6ET(b)
Exhaust temperature degradation correction

factor at the total fired hours accumulated prior
to the performance test
Energy Services
21
March 20, 2002
F7ET
NOT USED
F8ET

gas turbine exhaust pressure drop to the rated gas turbine
exhaust pressure drop.
F8ET(a) - F8ET(b)
where:
7.7
F8ET(a)
Inlet system pressure drop correction factor at

the rated inlet system pressure drop and rated
F8ET(b)
Inlet system pressure drop correction factor at

the measured inlet system pressure drop and
measured compressor inlet temperature
F9ET
NOT USED
F10ET
NOT USED
Gas Turbine Exhaust Available Energy

The gas turbine exhaust available energy will be determined from the gas turbine energy
balance method per PTC-4.4 (1992) and as detailed in Appendix G. Since the calculations
will be performed using the corrected output and heat rate results determined per previous
paragraphs, no corrections are required.
Energy Services
22
March 20, 2002
8.0
Comparison to Guarantees
The following criteria will be used to determine the extent to which the test results indicate
measured performance that is compliant with the performance specifications:
a) If the measured output, when corrected to contract reference conditions and surrounded by the test uncertainty, equals or exceeds the guaranteed output, then
the measured output will be considered in compliance with the guarantee.
b) If the measured heat rate, when corrected to contract reference conditions and
surrounded by the test uncertainty, is less than or equal to the guaranteed heat
rate, then the measured heat rate will be considered in compliance with the
guarantee.
c) If the measured exhaust temperature, when corrected to contract reference conditions and surrounded by the test uncertainty, is greater than or equal to the
guaranteed exhaust temperature, then the measured exhaust temperature will be
considered in compliance with the guarantee.
d) If the measured exhaust energy, when corrected to contract reference conditions
and surrounded by the test uncertainty, is greater than or equal to the guaranteed
exhaust energy, then the measured exhaust energy will be considered in compliance with the guarantee.
The allowances for test measurement uncertainty were defined as in the contract.
These allowances are listed in Table 8.
Table 8: Allowances for Test Uncertainty

GEK 107551 Test
Output
3.01 %
Heat Rate (Gas Fuel)
2.32 %
Exhaust Temperature
10 oF
Exhaust Energy (Gas Fuel)
3.35 %
Energy Services
23
March 20, 2002
Appendix A: Performance Correction Curves
Energy Services
Performance Correction Curves

Base Load, Natural Gas
Effect of
on Parameter
Correction
Factor
Curve Number
Ambient Temperature
Compressor Inlet Temperature
Output
Output
F1P
553HA3133
F1P
553HA3133
Compressor Inlet Relative Humidity
Output
553HA3133
Output
F2P
F3P
Barometric Pressure
Shaft Speed
Output
F4P
Generator Power Factor
Output
F5P
Total Fired Hours
Output
F6P
Inlet System Pressure Drop
Output
F7P
Exhaust System Back Pressure
Output
F8P
Steam Injection Rate
Output
F9P
Water Injection Rate
Output
F10P
Fuel Gas Composition
Output
F11P
Ambient Temperature
F1HR
553HA3133
Heat Rate
Heat Rate
F1HR
553HA3133
Heat Rate
553HA3133
Barometric Pressure
Heat Rate
F2HR
F3HR
Shaft Speed
Heat Rate
F4HR
Heat Rate
F5HR
Total Fired Hours
Heat Rate
F6HR
Heat Rate
F7HR
Heat Rate
F8HR
Heat Rate
F9HR
Heat Rate
F10HR
Fuel Gas Composition
Heat Rate
F11HR
Fuel Supply Temperature
Heat Rate
F12HR
Ambient Temperature
F1ET
553HA3133
Exhaust Temp
Exhaust Temp
F1ET
553HA3133
Exhaust Temp
553HA3133
Barometric Pressure
Exhaust Temp
F2ET
F3ET
Rev
553HA3133
553HA3133
F317T66-6
551HA2818
NOT USED
553HA3133
NOT USED
NOT USED
553HA3133
553HA3133
553HA3133
F317T66-6
551HA2817
NOT USED
553HA3133
NOT USED
NOT USED
553HA3133
NOT USED
553HA3133
Energy Services
Performance Correction Curves

Base Load, Natural Gas
Shaft Speed
Exhaust Temp
F4ET
Exhaust Temp
F5ET
Total Fired Hours
Exhaust Temp
F6ET
Exhaust Temp
F7ET
Exhaust Temp
F8ET
Exhaust Temp
F9ET
Exhaust Temp
F10ET
Total Fired Hours
Exhaust Flow
553HA3133
NOT USED
551HA2819
NOT USED
553HA3133
NOT USED
NOT USED
551HA2822
Energy Services
General Electric Model PG7241(FA) Gas Turbine

Ibirite Power Plant Petrobas-Pertroleo Brasileiro GR0643
Estimated Performance
Gas Turbine Generator(s) 297820 ONLY
Design Conditions and Corresponding Correction Curves

Units
Fuel
Natural Gas
Fuel LHV
Btu/lb
See Gas Constituents
Load
Base
IGV Angle
degrees
84
Diluent Injection Fluid
None
Generator Frequency
hertz
60
ratio
0.85

Ambient Temperature & Humidity
Shaft Speed
Fuel Temperature
Inlet Pressure Loss
Exhaust Pressure Loss
Barometric Pressure
Diluent Injection
Gas Fuel Composition
Gas Fuel Composition
Methane (CH4)
Ethane (C2H6)
Propane (C3H8)
Isobutane (C4H10)
N-Butane (C4H10)
Isopentane (C5H12)
N-Pentane (C5H12)
Hexanes, Avg. (C6H14)
Heptanes, Avg. (C7H16)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Air (N2O2)
Hydrogen (H2)
Oxygen (O2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Water (H2O)
Gas Fuel LHV
Gas Fuel H/C Ratio
C. Singh
03/07/02
Units
F
%
rpm
F
in H2O
in H2O
psia
lb/sec
Units
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Btu/lb
ratio
65.05
94%
71.6 F 67 % RH
3600
80
4.00
12.00
Output
Sheet 5
Sheet 8
Sheet 2
Sheet 11
N/A
N/A
Sheet 14
13.32
0
See Gas Constituents
Sheet 17
N/A
Sheet 20
0.8950
0.0690
0.0189
0.0016
0.0025
0.0004
0.0004
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0048
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0074
0.0000
20786
3.78
Applicable Correction Curve Drawing Numbers

Heat Rate
Exhaust Flow
Exhaust Temp
Sheet 6
N/A
Sheet 7
Sheet 9
N/A
Sheet 10
Sheet 3
N/A
Sheet 4
Sheet 12
N/A
Sheet 13
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sheet 15
N/A
Sheet 16
Sheet 18
N/A
Sheet 21
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sheet 19
N/A
Sheet 22
Heat Consumption
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Additional Notes:
Evaportive Coolers can be either ON or OFF
Inlet bleed heat is not in operation
553HA3133 Rev Sheet 1

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Output
Output - Ratio
Design Values Referenced on 553HA3133 Rev Fuel: Natural Gas

Mode: Base
1.0700
1.0600
1.0500
1.0400
1.0300
1.0200
1.0100
1.0000
0.9900
0.9800
0.9700
0.9600
0.9500
0.9400
0.9300
0.9200
0.9100
0.9000
0.8900
0.8800
0.8700
0.8600
0.8500
0.8400
0.8300
0.8200
0.8100
0.8000
20
45
60
80
100
59
64
69
74
79
84
89
94
99
104
Relative
Humidity Percent
Ambient Temperature - Deg. F
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
20
45
60
80
100
59.0
1.072881
1.062395
1.049878
1.042671
1.033409
1.023432
64.1
1.065646
1.053322
1.038730
1.030400
1.017164
1.003565
69.2
1.058445
1.044014
1.027113
1.014329
0.998126
0.982875

74.3
79.4
84.6
89.67
1.051265 1.044110 1.036982 1.029902
1.034470 1.024093 1.010628 0.996847
1.011040 0.994340 0.977060 0.958767
0.996508 0.978020 0.958395 0.937447
0.978331 0.957220 0.934713 0.910989
0.960992 0.937372 0.912546 0.886019
94.78
1.022013
0.982731
0.939270
0.915615
0.885766
0.858726
99.89
1.012701
0.968259
0.919154
0.892197
0.859834
0.830696
105.00
1.003479
0.952689
0.897428
0.868135
0.833208
0.802442

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Heat Rate
Mode: Base
100
1.0800
1.0700
80
1.0600
60
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0500
1.0400
45
1.0300
1.0200
20
1.0100
1.0000
0.9900
0.9800
0.9700
59
64
69
74
79
84
89
94
99
104
Relative
Humidity Percent
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
20
45
60
80
100
59.0
0.978279
0.981138
0.984828
0.987085
0.990126
0.993331
64.1
0.980105
0.983636
0.988186
0.990956
0.995006
0.999180
69.2
0.982000
0.986332
0.991890
0.995668
1.000694
1.005689

74.3
79.4
84.6
89.67
0.983965 0.985996 0.988088 0.990232
0.989234 0.992432 0.996225 1.000281
0.996472 1.001482 1.006953 1.013212
1.000998 1.006859 1.013613 1.021462
1.006991 1.014325 1.022852 1.032575
1.013165 1.022082 1.032223 1.044000
94.78
0.992539
1.004619
1.020452
1.030206
1.043744
1.056894
99.89
0.995084
1.009264
1.028349
1.040385
1.055922
1.071071
105.00
0.997674
1.014736
1.037645
1.051421
1.069262
1.086551

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Exhaust Temperature
Mode: Base
100
44.0
80
39.0
34.0
60
Exhaust Temp Difference - Deg. F
29.0
45
24.0
19.0
14.0
20
9.0
4.0
-1.0
-6.0
-11.0
-16.0
-21.0
-26.0
-31.0
59
64
69
74
79
84
89
94
99
104
Relative
Humidity Percent
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
20
45
60
80
100
59.0
-30.99
-25.42
-18.68
-14.75
-9.65
-5.40
64.1
-27.29
-20.70
-12.77
-8.16
-4.00
-0.72
69.2
-23.59
-15.82
-6.52
-3.41
0.50
4.23

74.3
79.4
84.6
89.67
-19.89
-16.19
-12.48
-8.78
-10.78
-5.89
-2.78
0.43
-2.71
1.23
5.35
9.70
0.80
5.22
9.90
14.85
5.25
10.29
15.64
21.34
9.50
15.12
21.10
27.53
94.78
-5.63
3.76
14.28
20.08
27.45
34.38
99.89
-3.51
7.22
19.10
25.69
33.93
41.61
105.00
-1.41
10.82
24.25
31.63
40.77
48.98

Effect of Compressor Inlet Temperature on Output
Mode: Base
1.0300
1.0100
0.9900
Output - Ratio
0.9700
0.9500
0.9300
0.9100
0.8900
0.8700
Curves Generated with 0.0 lbw/lba

Specific Humidity
0.8500
0.8300
50
60
70
80
90
100
Compressor Inlet Temperature - Deg. F
Units
Output Ratio
C. Singh
03/07/02
50.00
56.00
62.00
68.00 74.00
80.00
86.00
92.00
98.00
1.04767 1.03188 1.01376 0.9912 0.9679 0.9431146 0.9175 0.89053935 0.8633
105.00
0.83152

Effect of Compressor Inlet Temperature on Heat Rate
Mode: Base
1.0500
1.0400
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0300
1.0200
1.0100
1.0000
0.9900

Specific Humidity
0.9800
50
60
70
80
90
100
Units
Heat Rate Ratio
C. Singh
03/07/02
50.00
56.00
62.00
68.00
74.00
80.00
86.00
92.00
98.00
105.00
0.983115 0.987307 0.992201 0.998122 1.004593 1.012239 1.020774 1.030645 1.041167 1.054133

Effect of Compressor Inlet Temperature on Exhaust Temperature
Mode: Base
40.0
35.0
30.0
Exhaust Temp Difference - Deg.F
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
-5.0
Specific Humidity
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
50
60
70
80
90
100
Units
Tx Difference
C. Singh
03/07/02
50.00
-19.98
56.00
-12.16
62.00
-4.96
68.00
0.00
74.00
5.16
80.00
10.53
86.00
16.10
92.00
21.87
98.00
27.84
105.00
34.99

Effect of Relative Humidity on Output at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
1.0010
50
0.9990
60
0.9970
70
0.9950
0.9930
80
0.9910
0.9890
0.9850
0.9830
90
0.9810
0.9790
0.9770
0.9750
0.9730
0.9710
0.9690
0.9670
0.9650
0.00
105
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
Relative Humidity - %
Compressor Inlet Temperature (F)
Output - Ratio
0.9870
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
50.0
1.00000
1.00038
1.00050
1.00062
1.00074
1.00086
1.00097
1.00109
1.00120
60.0
1.00000
0.99981
0.99967
0.99952
0.99937
0.99921
0.99905
0.99889
0.99872
70.0
1.00000
0.99893
0.99855
0.99817
0.99777
0.99737
0.99696
0.99655
0.99612
80.0
1.00000
0.99751
0.99665
0.99577
0.99488
0.99397
0.99304
0.99210
0.99114
90.0
1.00000
0.99527
0.99362
0.99194
0.99021
0.98845
0.98666
0.98483
0.98296
105.0
1.00000
0.99013
0.98668
0.98316
0.97956
0.97589
0.97228
0.96872
0.96503
100.00

Effect of Relative Humidity on Heat Rate at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
105
1.0300
1.0280
1.0260
1.0240
1.0220
1.0180
90
1.0160
1.0140
1.0120
80
1.0100
1.0080
70
1.0060
1.0040
60
1.0020
50
1.0000
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0200
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
50.0
1.00000
1.00069
1.00092
1.00115
1.00138
1.00162
1.00185
1.00209
1.00232
60.0
1.00000
1.00118
1.00159
1.00200
1.00242
1.00283
1.00325
1.00366
1.00408
70.0
1.00000
1.00192
1.00257
1.00322
1.00387
1.00453
1.00519
1.00586
1.00653
80.0
1.00000
1.00314
1.00420
1.00527
1.00635
1.00743
1.00853
1.00962
1.01073
90.0
1.00000
1.00493
1.00661
1.00831
1.01003
1.01177
1.01352
1.01529
1.01708
105.0
1.00000
1.00877
1.01179
1.01485
1.01796
1.02112
1.02430
1.02749
1.03075

Effect of Relative Humidity on Exhaust Temperature at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
105
13.0
12.0
11.0
9.0
90
8.0
7.0
6.0
80
5.0
4.0
70
3.0
60
50
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
Exhaust Temperature Difference - Deg. F
10.0
C. Singh
03/07/02
0
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
50.0
0.00000
0.62029
0.82879
1.03818
1.24846
1.45964
1.67172
1.88472
2.09863
60.0
0.00000
0.72998
0.93700
1.14214
1.34835
1.55563
1.76399
1.97342
2.18393
70.0
0.00000
0.97172
1.30017
1.63074
1.96343
2.29825
2.63521
2.97431
3.31789
80.0
0.00000
1.51905
2.03360
2.55446
3.07765
3.60509
4.13675
4.67284
5.21325
90.0
0.00000
2.32135
3.11159
3.91286
4.72151
5.54010
6.36871
7.20425
8.04849
105.0
0.00000
4.11408
5.51670
6.93128
8.35978
9.80140
11.20471
12.58454
13.98140

Effect of Shaft Speed on Output at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
105
1.0500
1.0400
90
1.0300
80
1.0200
70
1.0100
50
1.0000
0.9900
0.9800
0.9700
0.9600
0.9500
0.9400
0.9300
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
Shaft Speed - Ratio

Shaft Speed Ratio
Output - Ratio
60
C. Singh
03/07/02
0.980
0.985
0.990
0.995
1.000
1.005
1.010
1.015
1.020
50.0
0.98480
0.99154
0.99529
0.99804
1.00000
1.00124
1.00183
1.00190
1.00175
60.0
0.96964
0.97875
0.98687
0.99403
1.00000
1.00259
1.00441
1.00553
1.00600
70.0
0.96132
0.97243
0.98306
0.99204
1.00000
1.00697
1.01290
1.01766
1.02012
80.0
0.95121
0.96536
0.97847
0.98954
1.00000
1.00951
1.01751
1.02431
1.03004
90.0
0.94265
0.95839
0.97324
0.98714
1.00000
1.01197
1.02228
1.03163
1.03998
105.0
0.93315
0.95168
0.96810
0.98447
1.00000
1.01463
1.02825
1.04082
1.05276
1.02

Effect of Shaft Speed on Heat Rate at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
1.0210
1.0170
1.0130
1.0050
1.0010
50
60
0.9970
70
0.9930
80
0.9890
90
0.9850
105
0.9810
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
Shaft Speed - Ratio

Shaft Speed Ratio
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0090
C. Singh
03/07/02
0.980
0.985
0.990
0.995
1.000
1.005
1.010
1.015
1.020
50.0
1.00560
1.00342
1.00186
1.00075
1.00000
0.99959
0.99950
0.99966
0.99994
60.0
1.00934
1.00641
1.00389
1.00174
1.00000
0.99898
0.99832
0.99799
0.99797
70.0
1.01282
1.00897
1.00527
1.00243
1.00000
0.99796
0.99631
0.99509
0.99442
80.0
1.01761
1.01222
1.00733
1.00356
1.00000
0.99683
0.99439
0.99246
0.99093
90.0
1.02141
1.01533
1.00975
1.00464
1.00000
0.99574
0.99233
0.98931
0.98669
105.0
1.02469
1.01817
1.01175
1.00563
1.00000
0.99482
0.99012
0.98587
0.98180

Effect of Shaft Speed on Exhaust Temperature at Different Compressor Inlet Temperatures
Mode: Base
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
-2.0
-4.0
-6.0
-8.0
-10.0
70
50
80
-12.0
90
60
-14.0
105
-16.0
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
Shaft Speed - Ratio

Shaft Speed Ratio
Exhaust Temperature Difference - Deg.F
10.0
C. Singh
03/07/02
0.980
0.985
0.990
0.995
1.000
1.005
1.010
1.015
1.020
50.0
15.84161
12.37442
7.67744
3.59673
0.00000
-3.16505
-5.95685
-8.48883
-11.02217
60.0
11.97923
8.61499
5.52231
2.69197
0.00000
-3.96288
-7.46957
-10.56412
-13.30926
70.0
13.53679
9.78095
6.24218
2.98899
0.00000
-2.72882
-5.19057
-7.36064
-10.22093
80.0
15.33381
11.06094
7.07264
3.41820
0.00000
-3.16465
-6.05599
-8.69281
-11.06543
90.0
16.96142
12.36926
7.98895
3.85695
0.00000
-3.57436
-6.87482
-9.92957
-12.73780
105.0
19.07901
13.37032
8.93884
4.38089
0.00000
-4.17329
-8.09996
-11.76380
-15.16630

Effect of Exhaust Pressure on Output at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
1.0090
1.0070
1.0050
1.0010
0.9990
0.9970
0.9950
50
60
70
0.9930
80
90
105
0.9910
7.00
9.00
11.00
13.00
15.00
17.00
Exhaust Backpressure - in H2O

Exhaust Pressure Drop (in

H2O)
Output - Ratio
1.0030
C. Singh
03/07/02
7.00
7.50
9.00
10.50
12.00
13.50
15.00
16.50
17.00
50.0
1.005647
1.005089
1.003405
1.001709
1.000000
0.998277
0.996544
0.994804
0.994222
60.0
1.005970
1.005377
1.003594
1.001800
1.000000
0.998187
0.996364
0.994534
0.993923
70.0
1.006369
1.005736
1.003833
1.001918
1.000000
0.998070
0.996135
0.994194
0.993545
80.0
1.007341
1.006666
1.004555
1.002276
1.000000
0.997721
0.995444
0.993169
0.992411
90.0
1.008469
1.007674
1.005290
1.002640
1.000000
0.997370
0.994755
0.992154
0.991290
105.0
1.009120
1.008204
1.005457
1.002719
1.000000
0.997287
0.994590
0.991906
0.991014

Effect of Exhaust Pressure on Heat Rate at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
105
90
1.0080
80
70
60
50
1.0060
1.0040
1.0000
0.9980
0.9960
0.9940
0.9920
0.9900
7.00
9.00
11.00
13.00
15.00


H2O)
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0020
C. Singh
03/07/02
7.000
7.500
9.000
10.500
12.000
13.500
15.000
16.500
17.000
50.0
0.994382
0.994934
0.996604
0.998292
1.000000
1.001725
1.003465
1.005220
1.005809
60.0
0.994064
0.994650
0.996418
0.998201
1.000000
1.001814
1.003648
1.005494
1.006113
70.0
0.993670
0.994295
0.996180
0.998083
1.000000
1.001932
1.003878
1.005839
1.006495
80.0
0.992710
0.993376
0.995464
0.997727
1.000000
1.002283
1.004575
1.006877
1.007646
90.0
0.991600
0.992382
0.994736
0.997365
1.000000
1.002636
1.005271
1.007907
1.008785
105.0
0.990961
0.991862
0.994571
0.997285
1.000000
1.002718
1.005437
1.008158
1.009066
17.00

Effect of Exhaust Pressure on Exhaust Temperature at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
90
105
80
4.0
70
60
50
3.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-5.0
7.00
9.00
11.00
13.00
15.00


H2O)
2.0
C. Singh
03/07/02
7.000
7.500
9.000
10.500
12.000
13.500
15.000
16.500
17.000
50.0
-3.37
-3.04
-2.03
-1.02
0.00
1.03
2.06
3.09
3.44
60.0
-3.53
-3.18
-2.13
-1.07
0.00
1.07
2.15
3.23
3.59
70.0
-3.71
-3.34
-2.23
-1.12
0.00
1.12
2.24
3.37
3.75
80.0
-4.19
-3.81
-2.60
-1.30
0.00
1.30
2.60
3.89
4.33
90.0
-4.72
-4.28
-2.95
-1.47
0.00
1.46
2.92
4.37
4.85
105.0
-4.89
-4.40
-2.93
-1.46
0.00
1.45
2.89
4.33
4.81
17.00

Effect of Barometric Pressure on Output at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
1.0500
1.0400
1.0300
1.0200
1.0000
0.9900
0.9800
0.9700
0.9600
0.9500
0.9400
12.60
12.85
13.10
13.35
13.60
13.85
Barometric Pressure - psia

Barometric Pressure (psia)
Output - Ratio
1.0100
C. Singh
03/07/02
12.65
12.79
12.92
13.05
13.32
13.59
13.72
13.85
13.99
50.0
0.947530
0.958025
0.968517
0.979012
1.000000
1.020982
1.031473
1.041962
1.052449
60.0
0.947432
0.957946
0.968461
0.978974
1.000000
1.021024
1.031535
1.042044
1.052553
70.0
0.947241
0.957794
0.968346
0.978898
1.000000
1.021102
1.031653
1.042202
1.052752
80.0
0.946864
0.957493
0.968120
0.978746
1.000000
1.021250
1.031875
1.042498
1.053124
90.0
0.946480
0.957184
0.967889
0.978593
1.000000
1.021409
1.032113
1.042815
1.053520
105.0
0.946367
0.957094
0.967821
0.978547
1.000000
1.021451
1.032176
1.042903
1.053627

Effect of Barometric Pressure on Heat Rate at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
1.0020
1.0000
0.9990
50
60
70
80
90
0.9980
105
0.9970
12.60
12.85
13.10
13.35
13.60
13.85

Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0010
C. Singh
03/07/02
12.65
12.79
12.92
13.05
13.32
13.59
13.72
13.85
13.99
50.0
1.001478
1.001168
1.000865
1.000570
1.000000
0.999457
0.999195
0.998939
0.998689
60.0
1.001552
1.001228
1.000911
1.000600
1.000000
0.999428
0.999151
0.998881
0.998617
70.0
1.001660
1.001312
1.000972
1.000641
1.000000
0.999385
0.999088
0.998797
0.998513
80.0
1.001936
1.001530
1.001134
1.000747
1.000000
0.999286
0.998941
0.998603
0.998271
90.0
1.002227
1.001761
1.001305
1.000860
1.000000
0.999177
0.998779
0.998389
0.998008
105.0
1.002350
1.001858
1.001377
1.000908
1.000000
0.999132
0.998712
0.998301
0.997899

Effect of Barometric Pressure on Exhaust Temperature at Different Compressor Inlet Temps
Mode: Base
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
-0.01
-0.02
-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
80
105
90
-0.06
-0.07
-0.08
50
60
-0.09
-0.10
12.60
12.85
13.10
13.35
13.60
13.85

0.06
C. Singh
03/07/02
12.65
12.79
12.92
13.05
13.32
13.59
13.72
13.85
13.99
50.0
0.11
0.09
0.06
0.04
0.00
-0.04
-0.06
-0.08
-0.10
60.0
0.11
0.09
0.07
0.04
0.00
-0.04
-0.06
-0.08
-0.10
70.0
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.00
-0.02
-0.03
-0.05
-0.06
80.0
0.07
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.00
-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
-0.07
90.0
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.00
-0.03
-0.04
-0.06
-0.07
105.0
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.03
0.00
-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
-0.07
70

Effect of Gas Fuel Composition on Output
Mode: Base
1.0033
1.0028
1.0023
1.0018
4.00
Output - Ratio
1.0013
1.0008
1.0003
0.9998
0.9993
3.78
0.9988
0.9983
0.9978
C. Singh
03/07/02
Fuel H/C
4.00
#######
#######
#######
3.78
0.999175
1.000000
1.000846
21277
20782
20299
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
21515
20961
20423
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
3.60
0.9973
2019 2029 2039 2049 2059 2069 2079 2089 2099 2109 2119 2129 2139 2149
0
0
0
0
0
0 Fuel0LHV -0Btu/lb0
0
0
0
0
0
3.60
21081 0.997348
20635 0.998104
20197 0.998879

Effect of Gas Fuel Composition on Heat Rate
Mode: Base
1.0010
3.60
1.0009
1.0008
1.0007
1.0006
1.0005
1.0004
3.78
1.0003
Heat Rate - Ratio
1.0002
1.0001
1.0000
0.9999
0.9998
0.9997
0.9996
4.00
0.9995
0.9994
0.9993
0.9992
0.9991
0.9990
0.9989
0.9988
20190 20290 20390 20490 20590 20690 20790 20890 20990 21090 21190 21290 21390 21490
C. Singh
03/07/02
Fuel H/C
4.00
0.999539
0.999197
0.998847
3.78
1.000312
1.000000
0.999681
21277
20782
20299
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
21515
20961
20423
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
Fuel LHV - Btu/lb
21081
20635
20197
3.60
1.000960
1.000673
1.000379

Effect of Gas Fuel Composition on Exhaust Temperature
Mode: Base
3.60
0.29
0.24
0.19
Exhaust Temperature - Difference
3.78
0.14
0.09
0.04
4.00
-0.01
-0.06
-0.11
-0.16
-0.21
-0.26
-0.31
-0.36
20190 20290 20390 20490 20590 20690 20790 20890 20990 21090 21190 21290 21390 21490
C. Singh
03/07/02
Fuel H/C
4.00
-0.001706
-0.181473
-0.365838
3.78
0.163401
0.000000
-0.167562
21277
20782
20299
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
21515
20961
20423
Fuel H/C
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
Fuel
LHV Btu/lb
Fuel LHV - Btu/lb
21081
20635
20197
3.60
0.301280
0.151521
-0.002055
GENERATOR LOSS CURVE

2 Pole 3600 RPM 234000 kVA 18000 Volts 0.850 PF
0.490 SCR 30.00 PSIG H2 Pressure 330 Volts Excitation
40 Deg. C Cold Gas 2706 Ft. Altitude
2600
Cold Gas
Temperature (C)
40
10
68
2400
Delta Fan and Windage

Losses(KW) (See a)
0
17
-14
(0.85 PF)
2200
(0.90 PF)
2000
(0.95 PF)
GENERATOR LOSS (KW)
1800
(1.00 PF)
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
a) at gas pressure =
30 PSIG
Armature Winding Temperature: 95 (C)
Field Winding Temperature:
95 (C)
600
400
F317T66-6
200
0
50
100
150
200
GENERATOR OUTPUT (MW)
250
300
GE Power Systems
EXPECTED GAS TURBINE PLANT PERFORMANCE LOSS FOLLOWING

NORMAL MAINTENANCE AND OFF-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH
THE AGED PERFORMANCE EFFECTS REPRESENTED BY THESE CURVES ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING:
PERFORMANCE IS RELATIVE TO THE GUARANTEE LEVEL.
ALL GAS TURBINE PLANT EQUIPMENT SHALL BE OPERATED AND MAINTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH GES
RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR OPERATION, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, INSPECTION AND BOTH ON-LINE
AND OFF-LINE CLEANING.
ALL OPERATIONS SHALL BE WITHIN THE DESIGN CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN THE RELEVANT TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS.
A DETAILED OPERATIONAL LOG SHALL BE MAINTAINED FOR ALL RELEVANT OPERATIONAL DATA, TO BE AGREED
TO AMONGST THE PARTIES PRIOR TO COMMENCEMENT OF CONTRACT
GE TECHNICAL PERSONNEL SHALL HAVE ACCESS TO PLANT OPERATIONAL DATA, LOGS, AND SITE VISITS PRIOR
TO CONDUCTING A PERFORMANCE TEST. THE OWNER WILL CLEAN AND MAINTAIN THE EQUIPMENT. THE DEGREE
OF CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE WILL BE DETERMINED BASED ON THE OPERATING HISTORY OF EACH UNIT,
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS EXPERIENCED DURING THE PERIOD OF OPERATION, THE PREVENTIVE AND
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS EXECUTED, AND THE REULTS OF THE GE INSPECTION.
THE GAS TURBINE WILL BE SHUT DOWN FOR INSPECTION AND OFF-LINE WATER WASH, AS A MINIMUM,
IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO PERFORMNCE TESTING TO DETERMINE PERFORMANCE LOSS. THE GAS TURBINE
PERFORMANCE TEST SHALL OCCUR WITHIN 100 FIRED HOURS OF THESE ACTIONS.
DEMONSTRATION OF GAS TURBINE PLANT PERFORMANCE SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH TEST PROCEDURES
WHICH ARE MUTUALLY AGREED UPON.
6.00
OUTPUT
5.00
Percent Change
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
Fired Hours
551HA2818 Rev A
C. Singh
Rev A 9/12/2000
GE Power Systems

SPECIFICATIONS.
3.00
HEAT RATE
2.50
Percent Change
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
Fired Hours
551HA2817 Rev A
C. Singh
Rev A 9/12/2000
GE Power Systems
SPECIFICATIONS.
18.00
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
16.00
Change in Temperature (F)
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
Fired Hours
551HA2819 Rev A
C. Singh
Rev A 9/12/2000
GE Power Systems
SPECIFICATIONS.
3.00
EXHAUST FLOW
2.50
Percent change
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
Fired Hours
25000
30000
35000
40000
551HA2822 Rev A
C. Singh
Rev A 9/12/2000
Appendix B: Measurement List
Energy Services
Measurement
Notation
Performance Test Instrumentation and Measurements

CLASS Instrument
# of
Location
Source Reference
Ambient Pressure
PM
Barometer
GT Centerline
4.13.8 of PTC-22
Ambient Pressure
Absolute Pressure Transmitter
GT Centerline
4.13.8 of PTC-22
Ambient Pressure
Ambient Dry Bulb Temp
Ambient Dry Wet Temp
Ambient Humidity
Comp Inlet Humidity
PM
AFPAP
TDB
TWB
RH
CMHUM
S
S
S
P
P
3
1
1
1
1
GT Centerline
Near GT Inlet
Near GT Inlet
Near GT Inlet
GT Inlet Duct
C
M
M
D
C
N/A
4.15 of PTC-22
4.15 of PTC-22
4.15 of PTC-22
N/A
Ambient Air Temperature
TAMB
Absolute Pressure Transmitter

Psychrometer
Psychrometer
Electronic Humidity Sensor
Resistance Temperature Device
w/ digital readout
GT Inlet Filter House
4.14.2 of PTC-22
TAMB
AT1, AT2,
AT3
4.14.2 of PTC-22
N/A
Comp Inlet Temp
TCI

w/ digital readout
GT Inlet Duct
4.14.2 od PTC-22
Comp Inlet Temp
TCI
GT Inlet Duct
4.14.2 od PTC-22
CTIM
GT Inlet Duct
N/A
PT(inlet)
Kiel Probes w/ Manometer
GT Inlet Duct
4.13.4 of PTC-22
PT(inlet)
Kiel Probes w/ Transmitter
GT Inlet Duct
4.13.4 of PTC-22
AFPCS
Kiel Probes w/ Transmitter
GT Inlet Duct
N/A
PS(inlet)
Pressure Taps w/ Manometer
4 or 6
GT Inlet Bellmouth
4.13.4 of PTC-22
PS(inlet)
Pressure Taps w/ Transmitter
4 or 6
GT Inlet Bellmouth
4.13.4 of PTC-22
AFPBD
AFQ
CSGV
S
S
S

Calculation
LVDT Pickup
1
1
1
GT Inlet Bellmouth
N/A
N/A
C
C
C
N/A
N/A
N/A
Comp Inlet Temp

Comp Inlet System Total
Pressure Drop
Pressure Drop
Pressure Drop
Comp Bellmouth Static
Pressure Drop
Pressure Drop
Pressure Drop
Comp Inlet Air Flow
GT IGV Angle
P = Primary
S = Seconday
M = Manual
D = Electronic Data Acquistion
C = Control System
T = Tape Printout
PTC-22 = ASME PTC 22-1997

PTC-6R = ANSI/ASME PTC 6 Report-1985
PTC-4.4 = ANSI/ASME PTC 4.4 1981
Measurement
Inlet Bleed Heat Valve
Position
Notation

CLASS Instrument
# of
Location
CSBHX
Comp Discharge Pressure

CPD
CPD
CPD
S
S
S
Feedback Calculation
Pressure Taps w/ Precision
Transducer
Comp Discharge Temp

Comp Discharge Temp
Wheelspace Temp 1st Fwd
Inner
Wheelspace Temp 1st Fwd
Outer
CTD
CTD
TTWS1FI1,
TTWS1FI2
TTWS1FO1,
TTWS1FO2
S
S
CTD Rakes
Thermocouple
1
1
3
2/4 rakes
x 5 TCs
3
Thermocouple
TTWS1AO1,
TTWS1AO2
TTWS2FO1,
Wheelspace Temp 2nd Fwd TTWS2FO2
Wheelspace Temp 1st Aft
Wheelspace Temp 2nd Aft

Wheelspace Temp 3rd Fwd
Wheelspace Temp 3rd Aft
Shaft Speed
TTWS2AO1,
TTWS2AO2
TTWS3FO1,
TTWS3FO2
TTWS3AO1,
TTWSAO2
TNH_RPM
GT Exhaust Temp
GT Exhaust Temp
Demand Exhaust Temp
Exhaust Temp Spread
GT Exhaust Back Pressure
P = Primary
S = Seconday
M = Manual
C = Control System
T = Tape Printout
ET
TTXM
TTRX
TTXSP1
PS(exh)
N/A
N/A
Comp Discharge
Comp Discharge
Comp Discharge
M
D
C
4.13.2 of PTC-22
4.13.2 of PTC-22
N/A
Comp Discharge
Comp Discharge
D
C
4.14.3 of PTC-22
N/A
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
Thermocouple
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
Thermocouple
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
Thermocouple
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
Thermocouple
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
Thermocouple
Turbine Wheelspace
N/A
S
P
Thermocouple
Speed Pickup
2
1
Turbine Wheelspace
Turbine Shaft
C
C
6/10 rakes
x 6/9 TCs
13/18/27/3
1
1
1
Gas Turbine Exhaust

Diffuser
Gas Turbine Exhaust
Diffuser
N/A
N/A
Gas Turbine Exhaust
Diffuser Outlet Plane
N/A
4.10.2 of PTC-22
4.14.3 of PTC-22;
4.2, 4.4 & 7.2 of
PTC-4.4
C
C
C
4.14.3 of PTC-22
N/A
N/A
4.13.5 of PTC-22
S or P Exhaust Temp Rakes

S or P Control System TCs
S
Calculation
S
Calculation
P or S Pancake Probe w/ Manometer
Source Reference

Measurement
Notation
PS(exh)
AFPEP
PS(HRSG)
PS(HRSG)
Generator Power Output Station
Generator Power Output

(per phase)
GGPOS
DWATT
Meter
Reading
(GGPOP)

(per phase)
Meter
Reading
(GGPOP)
Generator Line Voltage
Generator Line Current

Auxiliary Bus Voltage
Auxiliary Bus Current
Exciter Field Voltage
Exciter Field Current
Gas Fuel Flow Rate
P = Primary
S = Seconday
M = Manual
C = Control System
T = Tape Printout
PF
PF
DPF
VAUX
AAUX
DVF_EX
DAF_EX
FQG

CLASS Instrument
# of
Location
Gas Turbine Exhaust
P
Pancake Probe w/ Transmitter
2
Diffuser Outlet Plane
S
4.13.5 of PTC-22
N/A
4.13.5 of PTC-22
4.13.5 of PTC-22
Generator Terminals
4.06, 4.07 & 4.14

of PTC-6R
P or S Pancake Probe w/ Manometer

Fixed number of revolutions or
Fixed Increment of Multi-function
P or S Watt-hour Meter
Gas Turbine Exhaust

Diffuser
Upstream of HRSG
Inlet
Upstream of HRSG
Inlet
Source Reference
Watt Transducer
Generator Terminals
N/A
Watt-hour Transducer
Generator Terminals
4.6.1 of PTC-22
Watt-hour Transducer
Generator Terminals
4.6.1 of PTC-22
Wired to
Watthour
meter
Wired to
Watthour
meter
D
T
C
M
Potential Transformer
Generator Terminals
P
P
P
P or S
P
Current Transformer
VAR Transducer
VAR Transducer
Calculation
Volt-meter
3
3
3
1
3
Generator Terminals
Generator Terminals
Generator Terminals
Generator Terminals
Auxiliary Bus
Ammeter
Auxiliary Bus
N/A
P
P
S
Volt-meter
Ammeter
Calculation
1
1
1
Exciter Field
Exciter Field
N/A
C
C
C
N/A
N/A
N/A
4.7.1 of PTC-22
4.7.1 of PTC-22
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Measurement
Gas Fuel Orifice Static
Pressure
Notation
PFuel

CLASS Instrument
# of
Location
P
Source Reference
Flange Tap w/ Transmitter
Metering Orifice
4.13.6 of PTC-22
P or S Flange Tap w/ Transmitter
Metering Orifice
4.13.6 of PTC-22
Gas Fuel Orifice Static

Pressure
Gas Fuel Orifice Differential
Pressure
Gas Fuel Orifice Differential
Pressure
P
FDG1 or
FDG2
Metering Orifice
4.13.6 of PTC-22
Metering Orifice
4.13.6 of PTC-22
Gas Fuel Flow Temperature
TFuel,G
Thermocouple or RTD
Metering Orifice
4.14.5 of PTC-22
Gas Fuel Flow Temperature
FTG
Thermocouple
Metering Orifice
4.14.5 of PTC-22
P = Primary
S = Seconday
M = Manual
C = Control System
T = Tape Printout
FPG3

B1.0
The details concerning critical measurements, both station and precision, are
described in the following paragraphs.
1.1
The ambient air humidity will be measured with a portable precision

psychrometer or a humidity sensor placed in the immediate vicinity of
the entrance to the compressor inlet system. The psychrometer will be
comprised of two (2) mercury in glass thermometers: one (1) each for
dry and wet bulb temperature measurement. The instrument accuracy
will be in accordance with paragraph 4.15 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.2
The barometric pressure will be measured with portable precision

barometers or a precision pressure transmitter placed centerline of the
gas turbine. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance with
paragraph 4.13.8 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.3
The ambient inlet air total temperature will be measured with a

minimum of four (4) precision resistance temperature detectors (RTD)
placed in the filtehouse. The RTDs will be connected to a digital RTD
signal processor and display with extension cables and a switch box or to
a data acquisition system. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance
with paragraph 4.14.2 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.4
The compressor inlet system air pressure drop will be measured with
at least two (2) total pressure Kiel probes inserted through pipe nipple
penetrations in the compressor inlet duct transition piece. The Kiel
probes will be connected to water manometers or to precision pressure
transmitters and a data acquisition system. The sensed pressure will be
referenced to barometric pressure such that the inlet air system pressure
drop will be indicated. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance
with paragraph 4.13.4 of ASME PTC-22 (1997). This information is for
reference only unless foggers are installed and selected, in which case the
measurement will be used to correct gas turbine thermal performance to
reference conditions.
1.5
The compressor bellmouth wall air static pressure will be measured

with existing, six (6), wall static taps of the compressor inlet bellmouth.
The sensing lines will be connected to water manometers or to precision
pressure transmitters and a data acquisition system. The instrument
accuracy will be in accordance with paragraph 4.13.4 of ASME PTC-22
(1997).
1.6
The compressor discharge plenum pressure will be measured with a

precision transmitter connected in parallel with the existing control
system transmitter(s). The purpose of the precision transmitter is to
provide on-line verification of the unit control transmitter(s) calibration.
The instrument accuracy will be in accordance with paragraph 4.13.2 of
ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.7
The exhaust temperature will be measured with the existing unit

control system thermocouple arrangement. A test will not be conducted
if more than two (2) of the unit control system thermocouples are not
functional. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance with
paragraph 4.14.3 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.8
Turbine exhaust pressure drop will be measured with at least two (2)
"pancake" style probes in the exhaust system at the exhaust duct. The
probes will be connected to water manometers or precision pressure
transmitters and a data acquisition system. The instrument accuracy will
be in accordance with paragraph 4.13.5 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
1.9
Gas turbine shaft speed will be measured using the existing unit control
system devices. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance with
paragraph 4.10.2 of ASME PTC-22 (1997). This information is for
reference only.
1.10
The generator electrical power output will be measured with the

existing polyphase generator digital multi-function meter.
The
measurement will be made by repeatedly timing a fixed increment of
elapsed Watt-hours. The instrument accuracy will be in accordance with
paragraphs 4.06, 4.07 and 4.14 of ASME PTC-6 Report (1985).
1.11
The gaseous fuel flow rate will be measured with the orifice metering
section supplied with the gas turbine and its associated pressure and
temperature instrumentation. The line pressure will be measured with
the existing pressure transmitter. The orifice differential pressure will be
measured with precision static and differential pressure transmitters. The
gas temperature will be measured with a precision temperature sensing
device. The installation of the orifice meter section will be in accordance
with Part 2 of AGA Report #3 (1991). The instrumentation will be in
accordance with Part 1 of AGA Report #3 (1991). The instrument
accuracy will be in accordance with paragraph 1.12 of AGA Report #3
(1991) and paragraph 4.14.5 of ASME PTC-22 (1997).
Appendix C: Data Sheets (Typical)
Energy Services
Gas Turbine Performance Testing

Test Measurements Record
Ibirite Power Plant
Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial Number
Unit Number
Date(s) Recorded
Test Point
Petrobas - Ibirite Power Plant

Precision
297820
1
GE Representative _______________________
GE International, Inc.
Petrobras Representative ________________________
Energy Services

Ibirite Power Plant

Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial Number
Unit Number
Date(s) Recorded
Recorded By
Petrobas Ibirite Power Plant

Precision
297820
1
Fuel Sample Information

Clock Time
Labeled
hh:mm, 24 hr
(Project, Unit Serial #, Date, Test Point, Sample #, FSR #)
Sample Number
Fuel Type
Energy Services

Ibirite Power Plant

Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial #
Unit Number
Date
Recorded By
Test Point

Precision
297820
1
Special Instrumentation Measurements

Inlet
Bellmouth
CPD
Clock Time
P1
(High/Low)
P 2 (High/Low)
P1
P2
P5
DP6
hh:mm, 24 hr
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
in H2O
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
psig
Exhaust
Exhaust
P1
(High/Low)
P2
(High/Low)
in H2O
in H2O
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
Energy Services

Ibirite Power Plant

Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial #
Unit Number
Date
Recorded By
Test Point

Precision
297820
1
Special Instrumentation Measurements

Ambient
Clock Time
hh:mm, 24 hr
Dry Bulb
o
F
Wet Bulb
o
F
Ambient Temperature
Barometric
Pressure
psia
Temp 1
o
F
Temp 2
o
F
Temp 3
o
F
Temp 4
o
F
Energy Services

Ibirite Power Plant

Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial #
Unit Number
Date
Recorded By
Test Point

Precision
297820
1
Generator Electrical Output

(Station Instrumentation)
Elapsed Time
Digital WHM
Power Factor
mil, hh:mm
counts
counts
Energy Services

Ibirite Power Plant

Project Information
Site
Test Type
GT Serial Number
Unit Number
Date(s) Recorded
Recorded By
Reliant Energy
Precision
297581
1
NO x
Time
Corrected
Corrected
Raw
24 hr
NO x
CO
NO x
Raw
CO
Oxygen
Energy Services
Appendix D: Pre-Test Field Calibration Verification Report (Typical)
Energy Services
Gas Turbine Performance, Pre-Test Readiness Report

Petrobras - Ibirite
Project Information
Description
Site Name
Location
Test Description
Turbine Serial Number
Turbine Unit Number
Frame Size
Anticipated Test Date(s)
Set-up/ Inspection Date(s)
Entry
Petrobras-Ibirite
Minas Gerais, Brazil
Witness
297820
1
7FA+e
Parties to the Test

Function
Customer Representative
Lead Test Engineer
Test Engineer
Test Engineer
Instrumentation Specialist
DLN TA
Project Manager
Project Manager
Lead TA
Start-up/ Controls TA
Company
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Name
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Turbine Historical Operating Information
Total Hours
Total Starts
Total Unit Trips
Total Peak Hours
Turbine/Generator Design Information (from Nameplates)

Turbine Design Speed (RPM)
Generator Design Frequency (Hz)
Base Load Control Curve Definition (from Control System)

Description
Curve Type (Xc, PCD)
Isotherm (F)
Region 1 Slope (F/Xc or F/psig)
Region 1 Corner (Xc or psig)
Region 1-2 Breakpoint (Xc or psig)
Region 2-3 Breakpoint (Xc or psig)
Exhaust TC Coefficient
Value
Base Load Exhaust Temperature Control Curve
1300.0
x
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
12.000
1250.0
1200.0
1150.0
1100.0
o
Control Constant
n/a
F 1050.0
1000.0
950.0
900.0
y
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
850.0
800.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
16.0
18.0
20.0
22.0
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Compressor Inlet Inspection (Prior to Off-line Water Wash) - Observations and Comments
Inlet Area Condition
Inlet Guide Vanes Condition
Compressor Condition
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Compressor Inlet Inspection (After Off-line Water Wash) - Observations and Comments
Inlet Area Condition
Inlet Guide Vanes Condition
Compressor Condition
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Inlet Guide Vane (IGV) Angle Calibration Verification Procedure

Verify that turbine is not on slow roll or ratchet , that inlet area is safe to enter and that the IGV position will not be
changed during measurement. Set IGV angle to desired open position per the control system display and record value.
Measure true IGV angle with machinist's protractor. Measure at least one vane from each of the 16 vane sets. Start at the
3 o'clock position and proceed counter-clockwise.
IGV Angle Calibration Verification

Vane Set
Indicated IGV Angle

degrees
Measured IGV Angle

degrees
Difference
degrees
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Average
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Difference Between Actual and Indicated IGV Angle by Location (Looking Aft)
0
0.0
0.0
Set 5
0.0
Set 4
Set 6
0.0
0.0
0
Set 3
Set 7
0.0
Set 2
0.0
0.0
Set 8
Set 1
Set 9
0.0
Set 16
Set 10
Set 15
0.0
Set 11
Set 13
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Set 14
Set 12
0.0
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
0.0
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Barometric Pressure Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Record barometric pressure using calibrated hand-held barometer. Record barometric pressure readings for each control
system transmitter (R, S, T).
Description
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Calibration Check Date
Operating Range
Control System Designation
R Transmitter
S Transmitter
T Transmitter
As Found - Date
Transmitter
Actual Barometric Pressure Indicated (Control System)

" Hg
" Hg
Difference
" Hg
0.000
0.000
0.000
Actual Barometric Pressure Indicated (Control System)

" Hg
" Hg
Difference
" Hg
0.000
0.000
0.000
R
S
T
As Left - Date
Transmitter
R
S
T
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Bellmouth P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Bellmouth P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Connect pressure source and calibrated gauge to P transducer. Apply pressure values of approximately 25 %, 50 %, 75 %
and 100 % of range. Record gauge and indicated control system values. Bleed transmitter to atmosphere and record values.
Repeat procedure for each transducer.
Bellmouth P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O
Indicated (Control System)

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Inlet P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Inlet P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Connect pressure source and calibrated gauge to P transducer. Apply pressure values of approximately 25 %, 50 %, 75
% and 100 % of range. Record gauge and indicated control system values. Bleed transmitter to atmosphere and record
values. Repeat procedure for each transducer.
Inlet P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
CPD Transducer Calibration Verification Procedure

Connect pressure source and calibrated gauge to CPD transducer. Apply pressure values of approximately 25 %, 50 %, 75
Compressor Discharge Pressure (R) Transmitter

Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Input Signal
psig

(As Found - Date)
psig

(As Left - Date)
psig
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Difference
psig
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Compressor Discharge Pressure (S) Transmitter

Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Input Signal
psig

(As Found - Date)
psig

(As Left - Date)
psig
Difference
psig
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Compressor Discharge Pressure (T) Transmitter

Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Input Signal
psig

(As Found - Date)
psig

(As Left - Date)
psig
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Difference
psig
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Orifice Metering Excentricity Measurements
Orifice Name (eg: GT1A Gas Fuel Orifice)

Step A: Prior to Orifice Removal
1 Note 1: Please note the location of the pressure taps used to measure the line
pressure and differential pressure across the orifice. All labeled recordings are
relative to the location of these pressure taps.
2 Record the required values in Table 1. Required inputs throughout this template are left in
white, calculated values are displayed in yellow.
3 Record the eight measurements shown below in Figure 1. For a schematic of how to take
this measurement, see Figure 2. Use a calibrated device for this measurement. Insure the
measurement device is resting on the orifice plate and not on the gasket. Insure the
measurement device is not rubbing against the gaskets, it may be necessary to slightly
rotate it to make sure rests as shown in Figure 2. Record Values in Table 2.
Table 1: General Flow Section Information
Quantity
Meter Tube Internal Diameter (inches)
Orifice Plate Bore Diameter (inches)
Beta Ratio
Orifice Plate Max Bore Eccentricity (inches)
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Value
2.1
0.5
0.2
0.0479
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Figure 1: Orifice-in-Flange Measurements - Record Values in Table 2
Pressure Tap
Orifice Plate
G
C
Pipe & Flange

Pressure Tap
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Table 2: Orifice-in-Flange Measurements
Quantity
Length A (inches)
Length B (inches)
Length C (inches)
Length D (inches)
Length E (inches)
Length F (inches)
Length G (inches)
Length H (inches)
Value
3.0
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
Table 3: Eccentricity Calculations
Quantity
Eccentricity in Plane of Pressure Taps (inches)
Eccentricity in Plane Perpendicular to Pressure Taps

(inches)
Eccentricity in Plane at + 45 deg. From Pressure Taps
(inches)
Eccentricity in Plane at - 45 deg. From Pressure Taps
(inches)
Is Place Concentric
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Value
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
YES
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Figure 2: Orifice-in-Flange Measurement Method (note drawing not to scale)
Measurement Device
Orifice Plate
Pipe Flange Section

(Gaskets not shown)
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Orifice Metering Excentricity Measurements
Orifice Name (eg: GT1A Gas Fuel Orifice)
Step B: After Orifice Removal and prior to installation

1 Note 1: Please note the location of the pressure taps used to measure the line
pressure and differential pressure across the orifice. All labeled recordings are
relative to the location of these pressure taps.
2 Note 2: Please make every effort to use two sets of pressure taps for the average
pressures around the orifice, if two taps are available. Care should be taken in
using equal lengths of tubing in connecting the taps and the pressure
measurement device.
3 When orifice plate is placed back in the pipe, ask that the flange bolts be tightened, but
not as tight as required for permanent operation. The orifice plate may have to be
moved to insure it is concnetric. Record the required information in Table 1
4 Record the eight measurements shown below in Figure 1. For a schematic of how to take
this measurement, see Figure 2. Use a calibrated device for this measurement. Insure the
measurement device is resting on the orifice plate and not on the gasket. Insure the
measurement device is not rubbing against the gaskets, it may be necessary to slightly
rotate it to make sure rests as shown in Figure 2. Record Values in Table 2.
5 Observe the values shown in Table 3. If YES is displayed in the IS ORIFICE CONCENTRIC
field, then the flange can be tightened for permanent operation. If a NO is displayed in
this field, then the orifice should be moved such that the excentricity values displayed in
the table are decreased to 0.0. Repeat the measurements and re-record in Table 2.
Table 1: Flow Section Setup Information
Quantity
Approximate location of pressure taps used for the flow
measurements (deg). Looking downstream, 0 deg. is top dead
center (TDC)
Pressure taps 180 Deg. Apart used to measure Average
Pressure (Yes / No)
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Value
0.0
n
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Figure 1: Orifice-in-Flange Measurements - Record Values in Table 2
Pressure Tap
Orifice Plate
G
C
Pipe & Flange

Pressure Tap
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Table 2: Orifice-in-Flange Measurements
Quantity
Length A (inches)
Length B (inches)
Length C (inches)
Length D (inches)
Length E (inches)
Length F (inches)
Length G (inches)
Length H (inches)
Value
3.0
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
Table 3: Eccentricity Calculations
Quantity
Eccentricity in Plane of Pressure Taps (inches)
Eccentricity in Plane Perpendicular to Pressure Taps

(inches)
Eccentricity in Plane at + 45 deg. From Pressure Taps
(inches)
Eccentricity in Plane at - 45 deg. From Pressure Taps
(inches)
Is Place Concentric
GE Rep__________________
Energy Services
Value
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
YES
Petrobras Rep _________________

Petrobras - Ibirite
Figure 2: Orifice-in-Flange Measurement Method (note drawing not to scale)
Measurement Device
Orifice Plate
Pipe Flange Section

(Gaskets not shown)
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Gas Sampling Hardware Installation Procedure
1) Select a contractually acceptable sampling point that gives a representative sample of the gas being
metered.
2) Install the fuel gas sampling probe and purge hardware per PES guidelines. If the sample probe is to be
installed with the gas main pressurized, ensure that the fuel gas is not heated. Observe safety precautions for
venting flammable gas.
3) Provide a sketch the sampling pipe arrangement. Specifically, note the arangement of the sample cyinder
and pigtail assembly and all valves in the sample path. If an on-line chromatograph is in use, note the
chromatograph sampling point location relative to the sample probe location.
Gas Fuel Sampling Information

Gas probe installed? (Yes / No)
Purge paths installed per PES guidelines?
(Yes / No)
Sketch of Fuel Sampling Arrangement:

Sample
bottle
Pigtail and
sample control
valve
T manifold
drain valve
sample probe
Flow section
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Gas Fuel Piping Information

Nominal Pipe Outside Diameter (in) (stamped)
Schedule Pipe (stamped)
Gas Fuel Orifice Inspection Procedure

1) Isolate orifice metering section and bleed off remaining gas.
2) Remove orifice from metering section flange and clean thoroughly with appropriate industrial
solvent.
3) Carefully examine orifice inside diameter leading edge, upstream surface and inside diameter trailing edge.
Make note of any nicks or abrasions. The inside diameter leading edge, especially, should be clean, sharp and
free of abrasions. Note if trailing edge is chamfered or not.
4) Record orifice inside diameter stamped on plate handle.
5) Measure orifice inside diameter in at least three (3) locations (refer to sketch below) with calibrated vernier
caliper or similar device. Record measurements.
6) Upon re-installation of orifice, verify that the chamfered edged (if any) is facing downstream.
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Gas Fuel Orifice Inspection
Orifice Inside Diameter (in) (stamped)
Orifice Inside Diameter Measurement 1 (in)
Orifice Chamfered ? (yes, no)
Orifice Direction Correct ? (yes, no)
Orifice Condition Comments
Gas Fuel Metering Orifice,

Front View
Gas Fuel Metering Orifice,

Chamfered Cross-Section
1)
Flow
2)
3)
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Gas Fuel Static Pressure Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Control System Ambient
Gas Fuel Static Pressure Tap Location

Tap Location (flange or pipe, upstream or down)
Approximate Distance from Orifice Section
Gas Fuel Static Pressure Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Connect pressure source and calibrated gauge to static pressure transducer. Apply pressure values of approximately 25
%, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of range. Record gauge and indicated control system values. Bleed transmitter to atmosphere
and record values. Repeat this procedure for each transducer.
Gas Fuel Static Pressure Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
psig
Input + CS
Ambient
psia
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Indicated (Control
System)
(As Found - Date)
psia
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System)
(As Left - Date)
psia
Difference
psia
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Gas Fuel P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Gas Fuel P Tap Location

Tap Location (flange or pipe)
Approximate Distance from Orifice
Gas Fuel P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Gas Fuel P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Gas Fuel P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Gas Fuel P Tap Location

Gas Fuel P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Gas Fuel P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Steam Piping Information

Nominal Pipe Outside Diameter (in) (stamped)
Schedule Pipe (stamped)
Pipe Inside Diameter (in) (measured)
Steam Orifice Inspection Procedure

1) Isolate orifice metering section and bleed off remaining steam.
2) Remove orifice from metering section flange and clean thoroughly with appropriate industrial
solvent.
3) Carefully examine orifice inside diameter leading edge, upstream surface and inside diameter trailing edge.
Make note of any nicks or abrasions. The inside diameter leading edge, especially, should be clean, sharp and
free of abrasions. Note if trailing edge is chamfered or not.
4) Record orifice inside diameter stamped on plate handle.
5) Measure orifice inside diameter in at least three (3) locations (refer to sketch below) with calibrated vernier
caliper or similar device. Record measurements.
6) Upon re-installation of orifice, verify that the chamfered edged (if any) is facing downstream.
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Steam Orifice Inspection

Orifice Inside Diameter (in) (stamped)
Orifice Chamfered ? (yes, no)
Orifice Direction Correct ? (yes, no)
Orifice Condition Comments
Steam Metering Orifice,

Front View
Steam Metering Orifice,

Chamfered Cross-Section
1)
Flow
2)
3)
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Steam Injection Static Pressure Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Control System Ambient
Steam Injection Static Pressure Tap Location

Tap Location (flange or pipe, upstream or down)
Approximate Distance from Orifice Section
Steam Injection Static Pressure Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Connect pressure source and calibrated gauge to static pressure transducer. Apply pressure values of approximately 25
%, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of range. Record gauge and indicated control system values. Bleed transmitter to atmosphere
and record values. Repeat this procedure for each transducer.
Steam Injection Static Pressure Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
psig
Input + CS
Ambient
psia
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Indicated (Control
System)
(As Found - Date)
psia
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System)
(As Left - Date)
psia
Difference
psia
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Steam Injection P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Steam Injection P Tap Location

Steam Injection P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Steam Injection P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Steam Injection P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Steam Injection P Tap Location

Steam Injection P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Steam Injection P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Exhaust P Transmitter Information
Manufacturer
Serial Number
Operating Range
Exhaust P Transmitter Calibration Verification Procedure

Exhaust P Transmitter Calibration Verification

Input Signal
inches H2O

(As Found - Date)
inches H2O

(As Left - Date)
inches H2O
Difference
inches H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Exhaust TC Wiring Layout
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
S
T
R
Yellow
+
399
401
403
405
407
409
411
413
415
417
419
421
2449
2499
3401
3403
3405
3407
3409
3411
3413
3415
3417
3419
3421
3423
3425
3429
3431
3433
3435
Red
400
402
404
406
408
410
412
414
416
418
420
422
2450
3400
3402
3404
3406
3408
3410
3412
3414
3416
3418
3420
3422
3424
3426
3430
3432
3434
3434
Frame Size
Newer Units
1-17 SAME AS ON LEFT
6B, 7E, 7EA
3433 3434 18
3435 3436 19
3437 3438 20
6FA
3439 3440 21
3441 3442 22
3443 3444 23
9E
3445 3446 24
3447 3448 25
3449 3450 26
7FA
3451 3452 27 *Newer 9FA's
4412 4413 28 3453 3454
4424 4425 29 3455 3456
4434 4435 30 3457 3458
9FA
4414 4415 31 3459 3460
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Exhaust Thermocouple Wiring Verification Procedure

Allow exhaust plenum area to cool and open exhaust thermocouple (TC) junction box. Carefully disconnect one
(1) thermocouple lead from terminal in junction box. Connect TC calibrator to terminal and apply 1000 o
signal. Record corresponding value indicated by the control system. Disconnect TC calibrator and re-connect
TC lead. Repeat procedure for each exhaust TC. Note exhaust TC coefficient, if any.
Exhaust Thermocouple Wiring Verification

Thermocouple
TTXD1_1
TTXD1_2
TTXD1_3
TTXD1_4
TTXD1_5
TTXD1_6
TTXD1_7
TTXD1_8
TTXD1_9
TTXD1_10
TTXD1_11
TTXD1_12
TTXD1_13
TTXD1_14
Indicated
(oF) (Control System)
Thermocouple
TTXD1_15
TTXD1_16
TTXD1_17
TTXD1_18
TTXD1_19
TTXD1_20
TTXD1_21
TTXD1_22
TTXD1_23
TTXD1_24
TTXD1_25
TTXD1_26
TTXD1_27
Average
Indicated
(oF) ( Control System)
#DIV/0!
* Recorded with TC Coefficient =
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Indicated Exhaust Temperatures ( 0 F) by Location, Aft Looking Forward, 1000 o F Input Signal
0
25
26
27
24
23
0
22
21
7
20
8
19
18
10
17
16
15
12
13
14
0
0
0
0
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Compressor Discharge Temperature Rake Information

Rake
Angular Position
(degrees, forward looking aft)
Serial Number
Thermocouple Type
1
2
3
4
Temperature Rake Positioning, Compressor Discharge Plane, Forward Looking Aft
Rake 4
Rake 1
Rake 3
Rake 2
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Compressor Discharge Rake Radial Positioning

Description
Radial Location
(as measured from inner wall, in)
Thermocouple A
Thermocouple B
Thermocouple C
Thermocouple D
Thermocouple E
Outer Wall
CDT Rake Radial Positioning
CD Flow Passage
Outer Wall
CD Flow
Passage
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Generator Power Measurement, Precision Equipment Information

Load Box Manufacturer
Load Box Serial Number
Potential Transformer Manufacturer
Potential Transformer Type
Phase A Potential Transformer Serial Number
Phase B Potential Transformer Serial Number
Phase C Potential Transformer Serial Number
Potential Transformer Ratio
Generator Power Measurement, Station Equipment Information

Current Transformer Manufacturer
Current Transformer Type
Current Transformer Model Number
Phase A Current Transformer Serial Number
Phase B Current Transformer Serial Number
Phase C Current Transformer Serial Number
Current Transformer Ratio
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Generator Power Measurement, Station W-hr Meter Information

Manufacturer
Model Number
Serial Number
Meter Constant, K
Current Transformer Ratio, Ctr
Potential Transformer Ratio, Ptr
Meter Factor, Pkh = Ptr x Ctr x K
Generator Power Measurement, Station Digital Meter Information

Manufacturer
Model Number
Serial Number
Type
Auxiliary Power Measurement, Station W-hr Meter Information

Manufacturer
Model Number
Serial Number
Meter Constant, K
Current Transformer Ratio, Ctr
Potential Transformer Ratio, Ptr
Meter Factor, Pkh = Ptr x Ctr x K
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Special Instrumentation Identification
Device Description
RTD 1
RTD 2
RTD 3
RTD 4
RTD 5
RTD 6
Digital Thermometer (RTD I/O)
Fluke Meter (CTD Rakes I/O)
CPD Gauge
Data Acquisition Controller
Inlet Drop Pressure Transmitter 1
Inlet Drop Pressure Transmitter 2
Ambient Pressure Transmitter
Bellmouth Static Transmitter 1
Exhaust Drop Transmitter 1
Exhaust Drop Transmitter 2
Isothermal Block RTD
Fuel Static Transmitter
Fuel P Transmitter
CPD Transmitter
Barometer
Psychrometer
Serial Number
Calibration Equipment Identification

Device Description
Thermocouple Calibrator
Beta Gauge (Pressure Measurement)
Vernier Caliper
Serial Number
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Special Instrumentation Installation (general locations)
Gas Fuel Line
R5
Exhaust
Inlet
Turbine
Filter House
Compressor
R1
P2
K1
ETD
CPD
K2
R2
R3
Barometer &
Realtive
Humidity
Sensor
R4
P1
BSP
Legend
K# = Kiel Probe
R# = RTD
P# = Pancake Probe
BSP = Bellmouth Static Pressure
CPD = Compressor Discharge Pressure
ETD = Exhaust Thermocouple
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Appendix E: Circuit Diagram, Precision Power Measurement
Energy Services
ELECTRIC LOAD CONNECTIONS
Attached is a top view and side view of a possible arrangement to use in making the interconnection of
fused disconnects and potential transformers for load measurements. Also attached is a copy of an outline
diagram for the disconnects, a circuit diagram of the overall connections for load measurements, description
of test potential transformers and secondary protectors.
The fused disconnects (D1 through D3) should be mounted to a support that is electrically isolated and
capable of holding the three disconnects. The spacing between disconnects is shown on the sketch and
should be up off of the floor at least two feet. An alternate means of mounting the disconnects is on the
floor. Spacing of two feet six inches between disconnects must be maintained. The final determination of
their position will be a function of ease of access to open and close the switches with a hot stick. A
potential transformer is placed in front of each disconnect 1.5 to 2 feet from the disconnect and a space of 2
feet should be provided between each potential transformer. It would be advisable to enclose this area by
temporarily building a plywood enclosure around the equipment. You should allow access to the
disconnects with a hot stick for closing the disconnect when tests are to be run. The potential transformers
can be left connected all the time the tests are being run. If you plan to shut the unit down before the test
you could have the disconnect closed before you start the unit and not have to operate the switches under
load conditions. The purpose of the switches are two-fold. First, they provide fuse protection in the event
of a problem with the primary of the potential transformer. Second, they allow you to remove the potential
transformer from the circuit when the tests are completed.
The second sketch (Figure A) shows a side view of a support with the disconnect mounted and high
voltage wiring going to the phase connection on the generator and the connection to the potential
transformers primary.
The complete connection diagram of the primary and secondary side of the potential transformer is
identified on the sketch labeled Electric Load Connection Diagram. This sketch shows the generator, test
PTs, CTs and test switchboard. It is a good idea to provide secondary protection against cables becoming
shorted. GE has in the past installed 5 amp fuses in this circuit.
D1
D2
2 6
2 6
PT-1
D3
PT-3
PT-2
2 Ft.
2 Ft.
TOP VIEW
To Generator Connection
Fused Disconnects
PT
SIDE VIEW (Figure A)
PT Secondary Wiring
ELECTRIC LOAD CONNECTION DIAGRAM

PHASE C
PHASE B
PHASE A
SPARE
CUSTOMER
CT SHORTING
LINKS
S IN
S OUT
SECONDARY
PROTECTORS
HI
LOW
CUSTOMER
METERING
STATION
CT'S
C IN
C OUT
PHASE B CURRENT
B IN
B OUT
PHASE A CURRENT
A IN
A OUT
HI
LOW
CUSTOMER
METERING
PHASE C CURRENT
HI
LOW
SPARE
FUSE
FUSE
"C
"B"
"A"
HI
PHASE C VOLTS
V C
HI
PHASE B VOLTS
V B
PHASE A VOLTS
V A
FUSE
FUSE
HI
LOW
GENERATOR
STATOR
COMMON / NEUTRAL
TEST SWITCH
NOTE: PLEASE IDENTIFY

WHICH PHASE (A,B & C) IS
CONNECTED TO WHICH TEST
PT.
LD-BOX.XLS
PWB
V S
TEST PT'S, TEST SWITCH

HIGH VOLTAGE FUSES AND
HIGH VOLTAGE WIRING
FROM PHASE BUSS TO
PRIMARY OF TEST PT'S
SUPPLIED BY GE. ALL
OTHER EQUIPMENT TO
BE SUPPLIED BY CUSTOMER.
ELECTRIC LOAD MEASUREMENT BOX
CUSTOMER
METERING
Appendix F: Performance Test Guidelines, GEK107551
Energy Services
GEK 107551
New Information, December 2000
GE Power Systems
Gas Turbine
Standard Field Performance Testing Procedures

I. INTRODUCTION
This document provides guidance for conducting a standard performance test of GE heavy duty gas turbines.
Station instruments for power and fuel flow are utilized along with a combination of station instruments and
special instruments for other parameters that must be determined.
The objective of the test will be to determine performance characteristics of the gas turbine in accordance
with requirements of the purchase agreement.
This document is not a procedure for conducting the test. A detailed procedure for conducting the test and
evaluating the results must be issued and agreed upon prior to conducting a test. GE will provide the procedure and conduct the test. When the Customer delegates these activities to parties other than GE, then GE
approval for the test procedure and test must be obtained.
Proper preparation of the gas turbine for test is essential. This preparation is not considered part of normal
commissioning activity. It is required that GE inspect the equipment to be tested and provide instruction as
to restorative action that is required prior to conducting the test. A pretest readiness report that demonstrates
the equipment has been properly prepared must be issued to General Electric prior to conducting the test.
Uncertainties in the measurements will be unavoidable. Based on extensive experience in conducting such
tests and complete understanding of the equipment and its response to the environment, GE has developed
uncertainties for a standard performance test. Depending on specific needs, the Customer and GE may agree
to some modifications in the test that may alter the uncertainties.
The estimated uncertainties will be considered tolerance bands for the purpose of equipment acceptance. In
the event that the equipment fails to meet acceptance criteria, then posttest uncertainty analysis may be required to determine whether the problem is measurement related. The Customer and GE will then agree as
to interpretation of test results.
II. OBJECT AND SCOPE
The Standard Field Performance Test Philosophy is intended for full load testing new and clean gas turbines
with generator loads. Performance characteristics of interest would be:
Generator Electrical Power Output
These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment nor to provide for every possible
contingency to be met in connection with installation, operation or maintenance. Should further information be desired or
should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchasers purposes the matter should be
referred to the GE Company.
2000 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
GEK 107551
Gas TurbineGenerator Heat Rate

Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas Temperature
Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas Flow Rate
Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas Energy
Not all quantities are required for all tests. In the majority of cases, the quantities of interest are power output
and heat rate. Testing will be confined to gas turbines that operate on natural gas or light distillate liquid fuels.
The Standard Field Performance Test Philosophy represents a simpler alternative to ASME PTC22. Testing
will be based upon use of existing station instruments for measurement of generator power and gas turbine
fuel flow. The balance of the instrumentation will be a combination of existing gas turbine devices and special devices that are intended to provide measurement accuracy consistent with goals for overall test uncertainty.
Prior to the test, compressor cleaning will be completed as a minimum action to ensure the gas turbine is in
a condition suitable for test. In addition, the gas turbine will be inspected, and major control functions that
affect full load operation will be verified to be operating correctly.
When completed, the Standard Field Performance Test will be expected to have overall uncertainties of
approximately +/2% for corrected power output and +/1.7% for corrected heat rate for the gas turbine
operating with natural gas fuel at maximum load.
III. GUIDING PRINCIPLES
The primary purpose of the test shall be the measurement of generator power and gas turbine fuel heat consumption at full load. Sufficient supporting data will be recorded to enable correction of the test results to
conditions of rating, as stated in the appropriate sections of the purchase order, so that a comparison may be
made between results from testing and rated machine capability at specified operating conditions. Correction factors, most uptodate versions will be provided by GE prior to the test. The quantity and format of
the correction factors applied to a particular project will depend on the contractual basis of the performance
guarantee as stated in the purchase contract. The following list presents potential correction factors:
Inlet Air Temperature
Inlet Air Humidity
Barometric Pressure
Water/Steam Injection Flow Rate
Fired Hours
Rotational Speed
Fuel Temperature
Fuel Composition
GEK 107551
Inlet System Pressure Differential, when equipment is outside General Electric scope.
Exhaust System Pressure Differential, when equipment is outside General Electric scope.
The subject gas turbine shall be capable of reliable operation at full load before conduct of the test. Inlet guide
vane position in the full open position will be verified by manual measurement of at least 16 vanes. Exhaust
temperature control parameters will be verified to be at specified values, including verification of the exhaust
thermocouple signal processor via input of a known millivolt level at the first thermocouple junction closest
to the exhaust gas thermocouples.
General Electric will inspect the gas turbine and determine the actions necessary to place it in a new and clean
condition. In most cases, the turbine will be considered new if it has operated less than 100 fired hours and
in accordance with General Electric instructions. It will be necessary to clean the compressor and/or turbine
in almost every case, regardless of the amount of fired hours. Visual inspection of the compressor inlet area,
including bellmouth, inlet guide vanes and compressor blades, following water wash will be required to insure cleanliness. In some cases, it may be necessary to conduct more than one wash cycle to achieve the required cleanliness. General Electric may require that the wash process be supplemented by a manual wiping
of the inlet surfaces which are readily accessible from the bellmouth area, including the bellmouth surface,
support struts, inlet guide vanes, and first stage blades.
If prior to the test, the turbine has accumulated more than 100 fired hours a degradation correction will be
applied to the test results to account for the amount of degradation that can not be recovered through offline
washing.
Fuel flow measurement will be made using General Electric recommended devices, or their equivalent. Liquid fuel flow measurement devices will be calibrated prior to test if they have been placed into service during
commissioning or their original calibrations do not meet accepted industry standards. When used for gas fuel
flow measurement, orifice meters will not be placed in service prior to the test. Verification of orifice plate
size and orientation will be done prior to installation. In the event the orifice metering tube has been specially
calibrated as a unit, removal of the orifice plate will not be required.
Instruments for the test will consist mostly of those that are used to operate and control the gas turbine provided they meet accuracy requirements for the overall test. Control system sensors that affect direct evaluation of thermal performance must have their calibration verified before the test. The accuracy of the signals
from the following control variables will be verified by portable NIST traceable field calibration devices.
Loop calibration will be conducted.
Barometric Pressure
Air Inlet Pressure Differential
Compressor Bellmouth Pressure Differential
Compressor Discharge Pressure
Exhaust System Pressure Differential
Gas Fuel Line Pressure at Metering Orifice
Gas Fuel Metering Orifice Differential Pressure
GEK 107551
Special instruments will be required for the test in accordance with overall test uncertainty requirements. A
list of measurements to be recorded with precision test instruments is provided as follows:
Inlet Air Temperature (Multiple sensors mandatory)
Inlet Air Humidity
Barometric Pressure
Air Inlet Pressure Differential
Compressor Bellmouth Pressure Differential
Compressor Discharge Pressure
Exhaust System Pressure Differential
Preparations for test as outlined above are to be completed immediately prior to test. Calibrations and checks
made during commissioning normally do not meet the stricter requirements of the performance test.
A log of additional parameters will be required to establish documentation that the gas turbine was operated
in accordance with General Electric specifications and in a stable manner throughout the test run. These additional parameters will be identified in the official test procedure.
It is estimated that preparations for test including offline water/detergent wash installation of special instruments will require between one and two days.
The test should commence as soon as possible after the turbine is in a new and clean condition with no more
than 24 fired hours of operation having elapsed after cleaning. If compressor fouling is suspected to be a
problem during this 24 hour period, it may be necessary to inspect the compressor prior to declaring the test
results valid.
The gas turbine should be thermally stable and operating according to control specifications prior to start
of test. A test point will consist of a half hour period during which sufficient readings of all instruments will
be made to ensure time variations do not result in abnormally large uncertainties. The number of test points
will be sufficient to demonstrate performance over the range of operation specified in the purchase order and
to demonstrate repeatability of the test setup.
Samples of fuel from the testing will be taken using recognized standards and submitted to recognized laboratories for analysis. The number of samples will be sufficient to establish fuel variability.
Test results are based on averaged data taken during the test point. The averaged results are corrected to account for differences between test operating conditions and those which are specified in the purchase order.
Correction factors will be supplied by General Electric and may consist of curves, tables or computer programs.
Preliminary results from testing will be available to all affected parties within one day of completion of testing. Final results will be available by mutual agreement of the parties to the test.
Decisions based on test results will recognize the measurement uncertainties inherent in the tests. For testing
per these guidelines, these uncertainties are expected to be
GEK 107551
Power Output
+/ 2%
Heat Rate, Gas Fuel
+/ 1.7%
Heat Rate, Oil Fuel
+/ 1.45%
Exhaust Gas Temperature
+/ 11F
Exhaust Gas Flow
+/ 3.3%
Exhaust Gas Energy, Gas Fuel
+/ 3.35%
Exhaust Gas Energy, Oil Fuel
+/ 3.1%
The test uncertainties will be considered to be minimum tolerance bands in the commercial evaluation of
the test.
GE Power Systems
General Electric Company
One River Road, Schenectady, NY 12345
518 385 2211 TX: 145354
Appendix G: Gas Turbine Exhaust Available Energy Calculation
Energy Services
Gas Turbine Exhaust Available Energy Calculation

Verification of gas turbine exhaust gas available energy may be required for gas turbine
installations in heat recovery applications. This paper describes the recommended method for
determination of gas turbine exhaust gas available energy during performance compliance
testing.
The gas turbine heat balance method provided in section 4.6.2 of the ASME Power Test Code
PTC 4.4 will be used to calculate gas turbine exhaust energy.
The control envelope which defines the energy input and output for the gas turbine generator
heat balance is presented in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Heat Balance Method - Energy Input and Energy Output
Steam injection
Water injection
Fuel
Exhaust Gas
Power
Air
Generator Losses
Gear Losses
Miscellaneous Losses
Control Envelope
The energy that is input into this control volume minus any losses must equal the energy output
from the control volume. Using this heat balance method, we will examine these inputs, losses,
and known outputs, and then solve for the unknown energy output in the exhaust gas. (Refer to
Appendix 1 for the calculations of the heat balance.)
The first input into the gas turbine envelope is the air and ambient moisture that enters the
compressor. There is a certain amount of energy in this compressor inlet flow equal to the mass
flow rate entering the compressor times the enthalpy of the air and ambient moisture, which is
dependent upon temperature and pressure. The exhaust gases leaving the turbine envelope will
have a certain amount of energy also, however, the energy that is available to do work is the
difference between the energy in the exhaust gas at the turbine discharge and that in the exhaust
gas if it were at the compressor inlet temperature. For this reason, the energy of the air plus
moisture vapor entering the compressor will be said to have zero energy and be the reference
condition. The exhaust energy calculated will then be the relative energy above vapor at the
reference compressor inlet temperature.
The second input into the control envelope is the energy available in the fuel. This energy has
two parts. One portion of the fuel energy is chemical energy, which is equal to the fuel flow rate
times the lower heating value of the fuel. The second portion of the fuel energy is the sensible
energy, which is equal to the fuel flow rate, times the average heat capacity, times the difference
between the supply temperature of the fuel and the reference condition temperature. The relative
magnitude of this second term in comparison with the first is extremely small and, for estimation
purposes only, can be ignored. The energy input of the fuel can be closely approximated by the
heat consumption.
The final remaining energy input is that of any diluent added for NOx abatement or power
augmentation. This energy is equal to the mass flow rate of the gas turbine steam or water
injection times the difference between the enthalpy of the diluent and the enthalpy of water
vapor at the reference compressor inlet temperature. The enthalpy of the diluent entering the gas
turbine can be read from steam tables, knowing the temperature and pressure of the water or
steam. The enthalpy of water vapor at the reference compressor inlet temperature can be read off
the curve in Figure 2.
The next consideration should be the amount of energy associated with losses within the control
envelope. These losses are broken down into generator, load gear, and miscellaneous turbine
losses. Generator losses can be obtained from generator loss curves provided by the generator
manufacturer. The first generator loss curve accounts for losses in the collector and exciter as a
function of output and power factor. The second generator loss curve contains the losses
associated with windage, as the losses vary with inlet air temperature.
On machines requiring load gears for speed reduction, losses associated with the load gear must
be accounted for. These are provided by the gas turbine manufacturer.
The miscellaneous losses associated with the turbine are broken into two parts, the fixed and the
overboard losses, and are also specified by the turbine manufacturer. Fixed losses encompass
the mechanical losses of the bearings, accessory gear, lube oil pump, and hydraulic oil pump.
Overboard losses are a result of sealing air, exhaust frame cooling, radiation, combustion, and
support leg cooling.
Finally, the energy output from the control envelope in the form of generator electric power must
be accounted for. The measured generator output at the terminals less the excitation power,
times 3412.9 (Btu/kW hr), results in the energy in Btu/hr.
Upon calculating these inputs, losses, and outputs, the available energy of the exhaust relative to
vapor at the compressor inlet temperature can be calculated as outlined in Appendix 1.
Miscellaneous losses and gear losses expected for GE heavy duty gas turbines for base load
operation are tabulated in Appendix 2.
Sample calculation of exhaust gas available energy for a GE PG6541B gas turbine packaged
power plant is presented in Appendix 3.
Figure 2
Reference Water Vapor Enthalpy Variation With Variation in
Water Vapor Enthalpy (Btu/lb)
1110
1100
1090
1080
1070
1060
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
APPENDIX 1
Gas Turbine Exhaust Available Energy
The gas turbine exhaust available energy relative to the reference condition is computed as
follows:
QExh = QC1 + QFuel + QSi + QWi - QGen - QGear - QMisc - QkW
Where:
QExh
Exhaust gas energy relative to vapor at the reference temperature

(Btu/hr)
QC1
Compressor inlet air and moisture energy referenced to vapor at

compressor inlet temperature, 0 Btu/hr.
QFuel
Wf (LHV) + Wf (Cpf) (Tf - Tf)
QFuel
Fuel energy input (Btu/hr)
Wf
Fuel mass flow (lb/hr)
Where:
LHV =
Qsi
Fuel lower heating value (Btu/lb)
Cpf
Average fuel heat capacity (Btu/lb F)
Tf
Fuel supply temperature (F)
Tf
Reference temperature (F) = compressor inlet air temperature
Ws1 (hsi - hf)
Qs1
Steam injection energy input (Btu/hr) referenced to vapor at

Ws1
Steam injection mass flow (lb/hr)
hsi
Enthalpy of steam injection entering the gas turbine(Btu/lb)*
hf
Enthalpy of water vapor at compressor inlet temperature (Btu/lb)
Where:
(refer to Figure 2)
QWf
WWf (hWf - hf)
QWf
Water injection energy input (Btu/hr) referenced to vapor at the

WWf
Water injection mass flow (lb/hr)
HWf
Enthalpy of water injection entering the gas turbine (Btu/lb)*
Where:
* Enthalpy of water and steam from ASME Steam Table 1967 Edition using measured
water and steam temperature and pressure.
=
Generator losses (Btu/hr) obtained from Generator Loss Curves provided

by the gas turbine manufacturer. (Refer to Appendix 2 for typical values.)
QGear =
Load gear losses (Btu/hr) supplied by gas turbine manufacturer. (Refer to

Appendix 2 for typical values.)
QMisc =
Gas turbine miscellaneous losses (Btu/lb) supplied by gas turbine

manufacturer. (Refer to Appendix 2 for typical values.)
QkW
Generator output (Btu/hr) gross generator power measured at the

generator terminals less excitation power (kW x 3412.8)
QGen
APPENDIX 2
Typical Gas Turbine Losses
Base Load Operation

ISO Conditions
Description
Units
59 degrees F
60% relative humidity
sea level
PEI inlet and exhaust losses
no diluent injection
PG5371PA
PG6101FA
PG6541B
PG7111EA
PG7221FA
PG7241FA
PG9171E
PG9301F
PG9311FA
Fixed Losses
Overboard Losses
Btu/hr x 10
Btu/hr x 106
Btu/hr x 106
.68
5.31
5.99
1.70
6.87
8.57
.87
6.90
7.77
2.29
14.40
16.69
3.31
22.00
25.31
See Appendix 4
See Appendix 4
See Appendix 4
3.30
20.30
23.60
4.77
34.60
39.37
4.77
31.70
36.47
Gear Losses
Btu/hr x 106
1.22
4.03
1.51
See Appendix 4
Generator Losses
Btu/hr x 106
1.26
4.27
2.99
5.45
8.21
See Appendix 4
6.47
13.12
13.12
* Overboard Losses are equal to 1.65 % of the heat consumption for PG5371P, PG6541B, PG7111EA, PG9171E and PG9301F, equal to 1.46% of the heat consumption for
the PG7221FA and PG9311FA and 1.21% of the heat consumption for the PG6101FA.
** Miscellaneous Losses are equal to the sum of Fixed and Overboard Losses.
*** On the PG7221, the lost heat and casing leaks were lumped into one quantity.
Note: This table provides typical values for base loaded machines operating at ISO conditions. These values are not guaranteed, but are
provided for estimation purposes only. The gas turbine and generator manufacturers shall provide the required data at site conditions
upon request.
APPENDIX 3
Sample Problem
Performance was calculated for a customer on a PG6541(B) gas turbine at ISO conditions and
the customer would like to verify the Exhaust Heat calculations by hand. Refer to Figure 3, the
performance report, for the two points the customer received.
Case 1
QExh
QC1 + QFuel + QS1 + QWi - QGen - QGear - QMisc - QkW
QC1
0 Btu/h(refer to Appendix 1 for explanation)
QFuel
416.4 x 106 Btu/h

(energy input from the fuel can be closely approximated by the heat consumption)
QS1
0 Btu/h(no steam injection)
QW1
0 Btu/h(no water injection)
QGen
2.99 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for generator losses)
QGear =
1.51 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for gear losses)
QMisc =
QFixed + QOverboard
=
0.87 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for fixed losses)
=
1.65% of Heat Consumption
=
0.165 (416.4 x 106 Btu/h)
(refer to Appendix 2 for overboard losses)
=
6.87 x 106 Btu/h
0.87 x 106 + 6.87 x 106 Btu/h
7.74 x 106 Btu/h
QFixed
QOverboard
QMisc =
QMisc =
QkW
QkW
=
=
38340 kW x 3412.8 Btu/kWh

130.85 x 106 Btu/h
QExh
QExh
=
=
0 + 416.4 x 106 + 0 + 0 - 2.99 x 106 - 1.51 x 106 - 7.74 x 106 - 130.85 x 106
273.31 Btu/h
QExh
QExh
=
=
.98 x 273.31 Btu/h (two percent margin on reported exhaust energy)

267.84 Btu/h
Case 2
QExh
QC1 + QFuel + OS1 + QW1 - QGen = QGear - QMisc - QkW
QC1
0 Btu/h(refer to Appendix 1 for explanation)
QFuel
429.1 x 106 Btu/h

(energy input from the fuel can be closely approximated by the heat consumption)
QS1
QS1
QS1
=
WS1
hS1
hf
=
=
WS1 (hS1 - hf)

=
23120 lb/h (steam flow)
=
1257 Btu/lb (from steam tables, P = 300 psia, T = 500 deg. F)
=
1087 Btu/h (from Figure 2)
23120 lb/h x (1257 Btu/lb - 1987 Btu/lb)
3.93 x 106 Btu/h
QW1
0 Btu/h(no water injection)
QGen
2.99 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for generator losses)
QGear =
1.51 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for gear losses)
QMisc =
QFixed + OOverboard
QMisc =
QMisc =
=
0.87 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for fixed losses)
=
1.65% of Heat Consumption
=
0.165 (429.1 x 106 Btu/h
=
7.080 x 106 Btu/h
(refer to Appendix 2 for overboard losses)
6
6
0.87 x 10 + 7.08 x 10 Btu/h
7.95 x 106 Btu/h
QkW
QkW
=
=
40630 kW x 3412.8 Btu/kWh

138.66 x 106 Btu/h
QExh
QExh
=
=
0 + 429.1x106 + 3.93x106 + 0 - 2.99 x 106 - 1.51 x 106 - 7.95 x 106 - 138.66 x 106
281.92 Btu/h
QExh
QExh
=
=
.98 x 281.92 Btu/h (two percent margin on reported exhaust energy)

276.28 Btu/h
QFixed
QOverboard
FIGURE 3
Estimated Performance - PG6541(B)
LOAD CONDITION
COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP.
OUTPUT
HEAT RATE (LHV)
HEAT CONS. (LHV) x 10-6
EXHAUST FLOW x 10-3
EXHAUST TEMP
EXHAUST HEAT x 10-6
STEAM FLOW
- Deg F.
- kW
- Btu/kWh
- Btu/h
- lb/h
- Deg F.
- Btu/h
- lb/h
NOX
NOX AS NO2
CO
CO
UHC
UHC
PART
- ppmvd @ 15% 02
- lb/h
- ppmvd
- lb/h
- ppmvw
- lb/h
- lb/h
BASE
59
38340.
10860.
416.4
1104.0
1002.
267.9
0.
BASE
59
40630.
10560.
429.1
1127.0
994.
276.1
23120.
148.
247.
10.
10.
7.
4.
2.5
42.
72.
10.
10.
7.
4.
2.5
EXHAUST ANALYSIS - % VOL.

ARGON
NITROGEN
OXYGEN
CARBON DIOXIDE
WATER
0.90
74.89
13.88
3.14
7.20
0.87
72.42
13.23
3.13
10.35
SITE CONDITIONS
ELEVATION
SITE PRESSURE
INLET LOSS
EXHAUST LOSS
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
FUEL TYPE
FUEL LHV
APPLICATION
COMBUSTION SYSTEM
- ft.
- psia
- in. Water
- in. Water
-%
- Btu/lb
0
14.7
4
2.5
60
METHANE
21515
6A3 AIR COOLED GENERATOR
STANDARD
APPENDIX 4
Typical Gas Turbine Losses for a PG7241
Description
Units
PG7241FA
6
Fixed Losses
Overboard Losses (Casing Leaks)
Overboard Losses (Lost Heat)
Btu/hr x 10
Btu/hr x 106
Btu/hr x 106
Btu/hr x 106
3.31
0.61
0.47% of Heat Input
Sum of Fixed and Overboard Losses
Gear Losses
Btu/hr x 106
Generator Losses
Btu/hr x 106
See Figure 4
Figure 4
PG7241 Generator Losses

3000
2500
Losses - kW
2000
Pf = 0.80
Pf = 0.85
Pf = 0.90
Pf = 0.95
Pf = 1.00
1500
1000
500
0
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 200000
Active Power - kW
Note: Figure 4 losses include windage loss.
Appendix H: NOT USED
Energy Services
Appendix I: NOT USED
Energy Services
Appendix J: Sample Test Calculation
Energy Services
J.1
The following is a summary of sample test data that will be acquired during each (30)
minute test point:
Measurement
Barometric Pressure
Specific Humidity
Relative Humidity
Fired Hours
Power Factor
Gas Fuel Differential Pressure
Gas Fuel Static Pressure
Gas Fuel Temperature
Gas Fuel Pipe Inner Diameter
Gas Fuel Orifice Throat Diameter
Phase A Watt-Hours
Phase A Voltage
Phase A Current
Phase B Watt-Hours
Phase B Voltage
Phase B Current
Phase C Watt-Hours
Phase C Voltage
Phase C Current
Load Box Time
Field Voltage
Field Current
MCC 1 Current, Phase AB
MCC 1 Current, Phase BC
MCC 1 Current, Phase CA
MCC 1 Voltage, Phase AB
MCC 1 Voltage, Phase BC
MCC 1 Voltage, Phase CA
MCC 1 Power Factor
MCC 2 Current, Phase AB
MCC 2 Current, Phase BC
MCC 2 Current, Phase CA
MCC 2 Voltage, Phase AB
MCC 2 Voltage, Phase BC
MCC 2 Voltage, Phase CA
MCC 2 Power Factor
Units
F
psia
lb/lb
%
hours
ratio
H2O
psig
F
inches
inches
Whr
volts
amps
Whr
volts
amps
Whr
volts
amps
min
volts
amps
amps
amps
amps
volts
volts
volts
ratio
amps
amps
amps
volts
volts
volts
ratio
Value
70.6
14.23
0.0068
41.5
381.8
0.95
114.87
392.64
121.52
7.981
5.190
145.07
86.810
3.460
144.61
86.739
3.449
145.22
86.923
3.453
30.0
245.5
1311.8
0.1306
0.1097
0.1193
488.8
492.2
490.2
0.84
0.1664
0.1616
0.1666
484.5
488.1
484.7
0.83
J.2
Using the data table from above, the net plant output corrected to contract conditions can
be calculated by using the following equation from section 7.2 of the test procedure:
CGNPPO = {(GGPO - EP) x [F1P x F2P x F3P]} - AUX - TLOSS
This equation can be broken down as follows:
GGPO
gas turbine-generator net output, kW
GGPO
kW/
power output of each phase
kW/
kW/
where:
Whr * MCF * PTR * CTR * PTRCF * 0.06

Meter Time
where:
Whr
Meter Time
MCF
PTR
CTR
PTRCF
0.6
J.3
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Watt-hours for each phase during test period

test period for Watt-hours
meter correction factor
potential trans. ratio
current trans. ratio
potential trans. ratio correction factor
60 minutes/hour/1000 watts/kW
Using the Phase A Test Data from the previous table the following calculation
demonstrates how the precision power for each phase of the gas turbine would be
calculated.
J.3.1
Secondary watts would be calculated as follows:

min
145.07 Whr * 60
hr = 290.14 watts
SecondaryWatts A =
30.0 min
J.3.2
The preliminary power factor would be calculated as follows:

290.14 watts
Pf A =
= 0.9659
86.810 volts * 3.460 amps
Secondary WattsA would be corrected based on calibration data. An example of such

calibration data is provided in the table below:
Power Factor
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
Volts
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
Amps
3.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
Phase A Watt Transducer Correction

1.00040
1.00045
1.00038
1.00047
1.00036
1.00073
1.00067
1.00079
J.3.3
Linear interpolation is done to correct to the test current (3.460 amps):
Power Factor
1.0
0.8
1.0
0.8
J.3.4
Volts
120.0
120.0
90.0
90.0

1.000423
1.000421
1.000530
1.000725
Linear interpolation is done to the test voltage (86.81 volts):
Power Factor
1.0
0.8
J.3.5
Amps
3.460
3.460
3.460
3.460
Volts
86.81
86.81
Amps
3.460
3.460

1.000541
1.000757
Linear interpolation is done to the test power factor (0.9659) to give watt
transducer correction factor of 1.00058. Secondary watts would be corrected
using this correction factor:
Sec.WattsA,corr = 290.14 x 1.00058 = 290.308
J.3.6
Voltage and current would be corrected in a similar manner to establish the

following table:
Phase
A
B
C
J.3.7
Wattscorr
290.308
289.371
290.731
Voltscorr
86.821
86.741
86.939
Ampscorr
3.461
3.451
3.456
Corrected power factor would be calculated as follows:

Pf A,corr =
290.308 watts
86.821 volts * 3.461 amps
= 0.9660
J.3.8
The PT Ratio Correction Factor is developed from calibration data. An example

of such calibration data is provided as follows:
PT Ratio = 120:1
CT Ratio = 8000:5
Voltage
PTRCF
66.0
0.9972
90.0
0.9972
J.3.9
Linear interpolation is done based on the corrected voltage (86.821 volts) to

obtain a correction factor of 0.9972. PTRCFB = 0.9972 & PTRCFC = 0.9972
J.3.10 Output per phase would be calculated as follows:

kW A =
290.308 watts * 120 * 0.9972 * 1600

= 55,582kW
watts
1000
kW
kWB = 55,403 & kWC = 55,663
J.4
kW/ = kWA + kWB + kWC = 166,648 kW
Gas Turbine Excitation would be calculated as follows:

EP
=
=
Gas Turbine Generator Excitation, kW
FV * FA
0.975 *1000
where:
FV
FA
0.975
1000
=
=
=
=
245.5 volts
1311.8 amps
factor for losses in AC to DC conversion elements
1000 W / kW
245.5 v *1311.8.1 a
0.975 *1000
330.3 kW
J.5
Auxiliary Load would be determined as follows:

AUX
Auxiliary power consumption, kW
AUX
A x Vavg / sqrt(3) x Pf
=
where:
A
=
Phase current to auxiliary equipment measured at
auxiliary bus
Vavg
=
Average phase to phase voltage measured at auxiliary bus
sqrt(3) =
Accounts for phase to ground vs. phase to phase voltage
Pf
=
Typical power factor of auxiliary equipment, assumed to
be 0.8 if not actually measured
AUX
(488.8 + 492.2 + 490.2 )
(0.1306 + 0.1097 + 0.1193)

3
* 0.84
(0.1664 + 0.1616 + 0.1666) (484.5 + 488.1 + 484.7)
+
3
* 0.83
3
=
=
J.6
85.5 kW + 115.1 kW
200.6 kW
The loss in power associated with the increase in voltage across the main transformer is
determined from curves provided by the manufacturer and is typically dependent upon
measured generator power output at the low voltage terminals and generator power
factor. At the time of the generation of this document, these curves are not available. For
the purpose of this sample procedure, an estimated value of 440 kW will be used:
TLOSS =
440 kW
J.7
The ambient air temperature and relative humidity correction for output would be
determined as follows:
F1P(a) , F1P(b)
Using the correction curve for compressor inlet temperature,

Curve 551HA974 Rev. 0, the values of F1P(a) and F1P(b) are as
follows:
F1P(a) = 1.0000
F1P(b) = 1.0905
Therefore,
F1P
F1P
F1P
J.8
=
=
=
F1P(a) / F1P(b)
1.0000 / 1.0905
0.9170
The barometric pressure correction for output would be determined as follows:

F2P(a) , F2P(b)
Since this unit is a pressure ratio control unit, the barometric

pressure correction factors would simply be the ratio of the rated
and measure barometric pressures which are as follows:
F2P(a) = 14.38
F2P(b) = 14.23
Therefore,
F2P
F2P
F2P
J.9
=
=
=
F2P(a) / F2P(b)
14.38 / 14.23
1.0105
The degradation correction for output would be determined as follows:

F3P(a) , F3P(b)
Using the correction curve for fired hours, Curve 519HA772

Rev. A, the values of F3P(a) and F3P(b) are as follows:
F3P(a) = 0.31
F3P(b) = 0.56
Therefore,
J.10
F3P
F3P
F3P
[F3 (b) F3P (a)]

1 + P
100
[
]
0
.
56
0
.
31
1+
100
1.0025
Substituting the above factors into G.2 we get:

CGNPPO =
(GGPO - EP) x [F1P x F2P x F3P] AUX - TLOSS
CGNPPO = (166,648 - 330.3) x [0.9170 x 1.0105 x 1.0025] 200.6 - 440
CGNPPO = 153,859 kW
J.11
Using the data table in Section G.1 the net plant heat rate corrected to contract conditions
can be calculated by using the following equation from Section 7.4 of the test procedure.
AUX TLOSS
(F1HR F2HR F3HR ) 1 +
1 +
CGNPPO CGNPPO
(GGPO - EP)
HC
CGNPHR =
This equation can be broken down as follows:

HC
gas turbine-generator heat consumption, BTU/hr
WFG * HHV
GGPO
gas turbine-generator net output, kW, from G.3
EP
gas turbine-generator excitation, kW, from G.4
AUX
Auxiliary power consumption, kW, from G.5
TLOSS
Main Transformer power loss, kW, from G.6
CGNPPO =
J.12
WFG
WFG
fuel flow rate, lb/hr (AGA Rpt. 3, Eq. 1-2)

3600 * N1 * C * E * Y * d 2 * * P
3600
N1
Cd
Ev
Y
d
t,P
P
WFG
Corrected generator net plant power output, kW, from G.2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
t, P
Units Conversion, 3600 sec/hr

0.0997424 (AGA Rpt. 3, Table 1-2)
0.603521 (AGA Rpt. 3, Sect. 1.7.2)
1.103528 (AGA Rpt. 3, Eq. 1-5)
0.996303 (AGA Rpt. 3, Eq. 1-24 thru 1-26)
5.190 inches (AGA Rpt. 3, Eq. 1-7)
1.135808 (AGA Rpt. 8, Eq. 6)
114.77 in H2O60F
73,274 lb/hr
J.12.1 Natural gas density at flowing conditions would be calculated based on equation 1-44 on
page 32 of American Gas Association (AGA) Report No. 3 Part I. The following is the
approach that would be used for the density determination. Due to the complexity of the
determination of the virial coefficients used to determine the fluid compressibility factor,
the complete density calculation is not presented in this sample calculation.
t, P =
G i Mrair Pf
Z f RTf
where:
t,P
Gi
Mrair
Mrgas
Pf
Zf
R
Tf
Gas density at flowing conditions (lbm/ft3)

Ideal gas specific gravity (Mrgas/Mrair)
Molecular weight of air (28.96256 lb/lbmol, per AGA No. 8 pg 83)
Molecular weight of gas (lb/lbmol)
Static pressure of fluid (psia)
Fluid compressibility at flowing pressure and temperature
Universal gas constant (10.73164 psia ft3/lbmol-R, per AGA No. 8 Table
3 pg 14)
= Temperature of fluid (R)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fluid compressibility at flowing conditions would be calculated based on equation 25 on

page 29 of AGA Report No. 8.
Z = 1 + B mix d + C mix d 2
where:
Bmix = Second virial coefficient for the mixture (per AGA No. 8 pgs 29-33)
Cmix = Third virial coefficient for the mixture (per AGA No. 8 pgs 29-33)
d
= Molar density (mol/dm3)
Second and third virial coefficients would be calculated based on the designated pages of
AGA Report No. 8. Factors used in the calculation of the virial coefficients are mole
fraction CO2 (xCO2), mole fraction N2 (xN2) and ideal specific gravity. Equations that
would be used to calculate additional factors used are as shown below.
x CH = 1 x N 2 x CO2
(per AGA No. 8 eq B.2-9 pg 87)
where:
xCH
M rCH =
= Mole fraction of the equivalent hydrocarbon
M r x CO 2 M rCO2 x N 2 M rN 2
x CH
(per AGA No. eq B.2-12 pg 89)
where:
MrCH
Mr
MrCO2
MrN2
H CH =
M rCH G 1
Molecular weight of the equivalent hydrocarbon

Molecular weight of gas (Gi * Mrair)
Molecular weight of CO2 (44.01)
Molecular weight of N2 (28.013)
(per AGA No. 8 eq B.2-13 pg 89)
G2
where:
HCH
G1
G2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Molar gross heating value of the equivalent hydrocarbon

-2.709328 (per AGA No. 8 pg 86)
0.021062199 (per AGA No. 8 pg 86)
J.12.2 The ratios of the densities for water at 68 F and 60 F would be used to convert the
differential pressure from the value that the pressure transmitter gave to the value that
was required for the gas fuel flow equation.
H2O60F =
J.13
H2O68F x 68F,P/ 60F,P
114.87 x 62.40 lbm/ft3 / 62.45 lbm/ft3
114.77 H2O
HHV of the fuel can be determined by using the average of the fuel samples taken during
each test point. The following are the gas fuel constituents of a representative gas fuel
sample:
Methane (CH4)
Ethane (C2H6)
Propane (C3H8)
Isobutane (C4H10)
N-Butane (C4H10)
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
0.9651
0.0201
0.0030
0.0006
0.0006
Isopentane (C5H12)
N-Pentane (C5H12)
Air (N2O2)
Hydrogen (H2)
Oxygen (O2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Water (H2O)
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
Mole Frac
0.0003
0.0002
0.0006
0.0000
0.0000
0.0060
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0034
0.0000
Using Table 4.12.6 from PTC 22, the specific gravity would be obtained as follows:
Constituent
Mole % (M) Specific Gravity (SG)
Methane (CH4)
0.9651
0.5539
Ethane (C2H6)
0.0201
1.0382
Propane (C3H8)
0.0030
1.5224
Isobutane (C4H10)
0.0006
2.0067
N-Butane (C4H10)
0.0006
2.0067
Isopentane (C5H12)
0.0003
2.4910
N-Pentane (C5H12)
0.0002
2.4910
0.0006
2.9753
0.0000
3.4596
0.0000
0.9671
0.0060
1.5194
0.0000
1.1765
Air (N2O2)
0.0000
1.0000
Hydrogen (H2)
0.0000
0.0696
Oxygen (O2)
0.0001
1.1048
Nitrogen (N2)
0.0034
0.9672
Water (H2O)
0.0000
0.6620
M * SG
0.5346
0.0209
0.0046
0.0012
0.0012
0.0007
0.0005
0.0018
0.0000
0.0000
0.0091
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0033
0.0000
Therefore, the overall specific gravity for the gas fuel mixture would be as follows:
SGMix = (M x SG)
= 0.5780
Per PTC 22, the compressibility factor for the mixture of gas at ideal conditions would be
= 1.00369 - 0.0101x SGMix + 0.007 x ( Mole %nonhydrocarbon gases)
ZMix
= 1.00369 - 0.0101x 0.5780 + 0.007 x (0.006 + 0.001 + 0.0034)
ZMix
= 0.9979
ZMix
Using Table 4.12.6 from PTC 22, the dry HHV would be obtained as follows:
Constituent
Methane (CH4)
Ethane (C2H6)
Propane (C3H8)
Isobutane (C4H10)
Mole % (M)
0.9651
0.0201
0.0030
0.0006
HHV (dry)
1012.0
1772.9
2523.0
3260.1
M * HHV
976.6812
35.6353
7.5690
1.9561
N-Butane (C4H10)
Isopentane (C5H12)
N-Pentane (C5H12)
Air (N2O2)
Hydrogen (H2)
Oxygen (O2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Water (H2O)
0.0006
0.0003
0.0002
0.0006
0.0000
0.0000
0.0060
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0034
0.0000
3269.6
4009.4
4018.5
4758.0
5509.7
321.1
0.0
638.6
0.0
324.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9618
1.2028
0.8037
2.8548
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
Therefore, the actual dry HHV for the gas fuel mixture would be:
HHVDry
=
=
=
(M x HHV) / ZMix
( 1,028.6 Btu/scf ) / 0.9979
1,030.8 Btu/scf
Note, since all guarantees were based on a dry HHV, the fuel flow calculations would be
made on a dry basis.
The HHV, expressed in Btu/lb, would be determined as follows:
=
=
=
HHVDry
J.14
J.15
Plugging in the values of WFG and HHV would yield a heat consumption as follows:
HC
73,274 lb/hr x 23,262 BTU/lb
HC
1,704.5 MBTU/hr
The ambient air temperature and relative humidity correction for heat rate would be
F1HR(a) , F1HR(b) =
F1HR
F1HR
F1HR
=
=
=
F1HR(a) / F1HR(b)
1.0000 / 0.9697
1.0312
The barometric pressure correction for heat rate was determined as follows:
F2HR
J.17
Using the correction curve for compressor inlet temperature,

Curve 551HA975 Rev. 0, the values of F1HR(a) and F1HR(b) would
be as follows:
F1HR(a) = 1.0000
F1HR(b) = 0.9697
Therefore,
J.16
(M x HHV) * Specific VolumeAir / SGMix

1028.6 Btu/scf * 13.074 ft3/lbm / 0.5780
23,262 BTU/lb.
1.000
The degradation correction for heat rate would be determined as follows:
F3HR(a) , F3HR(b) =
F3HR(a) = 0.12
F3HR(b) = 0.23
Therefore,
J.18
Using the correction curve for fired hours, Curve 519HA772

Rev. A, the values of F3HR(a) and F3HR(b) are as follows:
F3HR
F3HR
F3HR
[F3 HR (b) F3 HR (a)]
100
[0.23 0.12]
1-
100
1-
0.9989
Substituting the above factors into G.11 we get:
HC
AUX TLOSS
CGNPHR =
(F1HR F2HR F3HR ) 1 +
1 +
CGNPPO CGNPPO
(GGPO - EP)
CGNPHR = (1,704.5 x 10-6 / (166,648 - 330.3)) x [1.0312 x 1.000 x 0.9989] x
[1+(220.6 / 153,859)] x [1+(440 / 153,859)]
CGNPHR =
10,602 BTU/kWh
Appendix K: Natural Gas Fuel Sampling Procedure
Energy Services
Guidelines for sampling natural gas fuel

1.
Background information
These guidelines are provided in order to ensure gas samples are collected in a
consistent manner and that the gas analyzed represents the bulk of the gas
flowing through the flow-metering assembly.
Capturing a quantity of gas for later analysis is referred to as spot sampling.
The quality of a spot sample is strongly dependent on the sampling technique.
Natural gas may be categorized as either wet or dry. Wet gas contains
heavy hydrocarbon components that may be liquid at room temperatures. The
natural gas delivered to the power plant is normally considered a dry gas by
pipeline standards but is likely to contain measurable amounts of wet
constituents.
The calculated heat rate for the combustion turbine is sensitive to the gas
sample results in two ways:
The heating value of the fuel determines the caloric content.
The density of the fuel determines the mass flow rate.
A sample containing an excess of heavy, wet constituents will result in an
erroneously high fuel density being applied to the gas flow equation.
Conversely, analysis of samples depleted of their heavier constituents by
improper purging techniques or excessively long sample lines yield erroneously
low fuel densities.
Even small errors in fuel density can be extremely significant to the final
calculated heat rate.
Obtaining quality samples requires a combination of careful sample point
selection, proper equipment, and proper technique.
Sample point selection is discussed in section 3, Amplifying remarks.
Step by step sampling technique is provided in section 2, Required methods
and discussed in section 3.
The required sampling apparatus consists of three sections:
Flow Probe assembly
T manifold (or moisture separator)
Sample bottle with pigtail assembly
These three assemblies are described in detail in the section 3, Amplifying
remarks.
Safety Warnings
To avoid painful burns from hot gas the probe should not be installed or removed
with the gas heater in service.
Do not use plastic ferrules in the sample apparatus since the gas may be hot
enough to melt the ferrules during the sample purge.
Some gas will escape during the probe insertion take appropriate safety
precautions.
The ferrule swaged near the sample probe tip will prevent the probe from being
ejected during removal from a pressurized pipe. (It will also prevent droplets
from traveling down the tube and becoming entrained in the sample flow.)
2.
Required Methods and Materials

Choose a sample point as near the flow metering device as possible without
effecting the flow through the flow section.
Install a sample probe to collect gas from the center of the pipe.
Assemble the sample apparatus as shown below:
Flow thru the sample bottle must be vertical in the downward direction
A 2-foot tubing section with a control valve must be attached to the
sample bottle vent. (the pigtail)
Pigtail and
sample control
valve
Sample
bottle
T manifold
drain valve
sample probe
Flow section
To capture a spot sample:

1. Before connecting the sample bottle assembly to the T manifold purge the
sample lines through the T manifold drain valve until clean, dry gas issues.
Purge a small volume of gas through the sample bottle connection on the T
manifold. (Or moisture separator) by opening and shutting the T manifold
sample outlet valve.
2. Open both valves on the sample bottle and connect the sample bottle to the T
manifold by means of a short length of U shaped tubing. Flow through the
sample bottle must be down. Attach the pigtail assembly with the sample
control valve shut.
3. Purge gas through the T manifold drain until no moisture is present. Then
shut the T manifold drain valve.
4. Open the T manifold sample outlet valve.
5. Crack open the sample control valve to obtain a minimal flow rate.
6. Purge the sample bottle of air by maintaining this flow rate for about 30
seconds.
7. Shut the sample control valve and allow the bottle pressure to equalize with
line pressure.
8. Shut the T manifold sample outlet valve.
9. Crack open the sample control valve and slowly vent the sample bottle
through the sample control valve to almost atmospheric pressure. Shut the
sample control valve.
10. Re-open the T manifold sample outlet valve and allow the sample bottle to
equalize with line pressure.
11. Repeat steps 8 thru 10 to fill and empty the sample bottle a minimum of 5
times. If moisture appears at the end of the sample pigtail at any time start
over. A moisture separator may be required.
12. Shut both sample bottle isolation valves and vent the sample line residual
pressure through the T manifold drain valve.
13. Remove the sample bottle. Record the sample date, time, location, gas
temperature and pressure.
14. Cap or plug the sample bottle isolation valve ports and leak check the bottle
by water immersion.
3. Amplifying remarks
1.
Selecting the sampling point

Pre-test checklist
The lead performance engineer should communicate these sampling
requirements to the site as required by the pre-test checklist. Provide enough
lead-time to ensure a suitable sample point is available.
Sample point selection
The fuel flow-metering device will be specified by the contract. The gas sample
must be representative of the gas flow at the metering point in order to properly
determine the fuel density and accurately calculate the mass flow rate.
The preferred tap location is from the top of a horizontal pipe.
The flow metering point may be upstream of processes that might change the
composition of the gas (scrubbers, compressors, moisture separators, etc.). In
this case the gas delivered for combustion may have a slightly different heating
value than the fuel gas being metered. A second diagnostic sample may be
drawn nearer the combustion turbine in order to evaluate the significance of any
change in heating value from the official sample drawn at the flow metering
point.
Tubing considerations
Tubing runs should be short and direct. Condensation in long tubing runs can
be a significant issue in trying to collect high quality samples.
2.
Sample probes
Purpose
Wet gas constituents will tend to collect on the wall of the pipe. Drawing
samples from pipe wall taps may result in non-representative samples. This is
particularly true if sampling near the bottom of a long length of vertical pipe.
Using a sample probe ensures the sample is drawn from the region of highest
flow and therefore most representative of the gas.
Construction
A sample probe can easily be constructed from materials available in the lab. A
straight length of quarter inch stainless steel tubing is cut and then filed at a 45degree angle. A stainless steel ferrule is swaged about 2 inches from the angled
end. The other end of the probe is left as-is until ready to install.
Installation
The sample pipe tap should have a ball or gate valve installed which will allow
the probe to be installed through the body of the valve. If this valve assembly is
not available one should be manufactured and installed. Ensure the components
are suitable for the system pressures. (when in doubt use schedule 80 pipe and
fittings)
Once on site the sample probe is cut to length and the prepared end inserted into
the gas main sample pipe tap until it contacts the ball valve. A bored-through
reducer fitting is slid over the unprepared end of the probe and threaded into the
short pipe extension on the sample tap ball valve. The ferrule is snugged but not
swaged in order to allow insertion of the probe. A valve is swaged to the exposed
end of the sample probe. This sample probe valve is then shut.
The ball valve is opened (see the safety warnings) and the probe inserted to the
required depth. The ferrule is then swaged down. The 45-degree cut should be
oriented so that the exposed opening faces downstream it should not act as a
sample scoop.
Safety Warnings
To avoid painful burns from hot gas the probe should not be installed or removed
with the gas heater in service.
Do not use plastic ferrules in the sample apparatus since the gas may be hot
enough to melt the ferrules during the sample purge.
Some gas will escape during the probe insertion take appropriate safety
precautions.
The ferrule swaged near the sample probe tip will prevent the probe from being
ejected during removal from a pressurized pipe. (It will also prevent droplets
from traveling down the tube and becoming entrained in the sample flow.)
3.
T manifold and moisture separator

Purpose
A moisture separator may be required if the gas is extremely wet or the sample
lines are very cold. If purging the sample lines is not effective in obtaining
moisture-free sample flow then install a separating chamber.
If a dry sample can be obtained without a moisture separator a T fitting can be
used to provide the required purge and drain paths.
Construction
The T manifold assembly contains a T fitting and two or three valves:
a sample drain valve to purge the line
a sample outlet valve to isolate the bottle
a sample inlet valve to isolate the T fitting
(Try to keep the sample lines short enough to use the sample probe valve
for this function)
If the gas is very wet (moisture is still visible after considerable purging) then a
moisture separating chamber should be used instead of a T fitting.
A moisture separator can be made from a 1-inch pipe tee (or larger) with adapter
fittings. Commercial moisture separators with internal metal filters can be
purchased if required.
Installation
Direction of flow is an important factor. Avoid establishing flow paths that
would allow condensation in the sample lines to reach the sample bottle or
remain in the sample bottle.
4. Sample bottle pigtail
Purpose
Condensation may occur when the pressurized gas expands to atmospheric
pressure. It is important to ensure this expansion does not occur into the sample
bottle or across the sample bottle vent valve because the resulting sample
enrichment will give an unacceptable fuel density result.
To control the point of expansion a short length of tubing and a sample control
valve must be attached to the sample bottle vent valve. The sample control
valve is always throttled to ensure the gas expansion occurs across the sample
control valve seat.
Installation
Install the sample bottle so flow through the bottle and pigtail assembly is in the
downward direction.
5. Purge sequence
Purpose
Flow paths and purge sequences are the critical elements in obtaining quality
samples.
Initial purging of the sample lines through the gas sample bottle should
be avoided at all costs. The resulting contamination of the sample bottle can
seriously skew the analysis and damage the analysis equipment. The inability
to reconcile subsequent sample results with the contaminated sample may
compromise the performance test results.
Initial purge should be through a T manifold drain line (see figure). Once the
sample line is passing clean gas the T manifold sample outlet valve should be
opened briefly to purge the short path to where the sample bottle will be
attached.
A thorough purge sequence should be performed for each group of samples
drawn. The preferred method of drawing multiple samples is to connect the
bottles in series with a pipe nipple. This allows simultaneous purging and
sample isolation.
Once the sample bottle is attached to the T manifold the sample drain line is
again opened to check for moisture. When clean gas is being passed the sample
drain valve is shut and the fill and purge sequence is started. The slow purge
and rapid fill sequence described in the procedure has been shown to be the best
field capture technique that does not require special equipment.
A continuous purge has been proven to be unreliable and does not produce
repeatable results.
6. Cold weather considerations
In order to prevent rapid condensation of heavy gas constituents observe the
following additional precautions when temperatures are below 50 deg F.
Purging
Purge the sample lines through the T manifold drain until the entire
sample line is at the gas main temperature. Consider insulating the
sample lines.
Prior to sampling
Do not store sample bottles outside. Sample bottles should be kept at
room temperature (or above) until just prior to use.
Moisture separators
Use of an unheated moisture separator chamber should be avoided.
4.
References:
1.
2.
GPA Standard 2166-86, Obtaining Natural Gas Samples for Analysis by

Gas Chromatography. Gas Processors Association revised 1986.
GRI-99/0194, Topical Report, Metering Research Facility Program,
Natural Gas Sample Collecting and Handling Phase 1, Gas Research
Institute, August 1999.
Appendix L: Fuel Composition Performance Correction Explanation
Energy Services
Correction for Fuel varying from Contract Composition

A correction is to be made for variation from the rated fuel composition.
Background
Gas turbine performance depends on fuel composition. A given fuel composition has an associated heating
value (LHV and HHV). A specified heating value can be achieved with many different fuels, but the gas
turbine performance with these fuels are not equal. The primary cause of these differences results from the
fact that the fuels have different hydrogen contents from their differing levels of hydrocarbons. This yields
different moisture levels in the combustion products, which in turn impacts the specific heat of the mixture.
Therefore a correction to gas turbine performance must be made if there is a variation of fuel composition
regardless of heating value.
Procedure
The higher and lower heating values (HHV and LHV) of the test gas and the contract gas will be calculated
solely from the composition of each gas using the constituent properties from ASTM D 3588 and PTC 221997. These are dry values, and therefore all corrections using them will be made on a dry basis. The
HHV/LHV ratio for each gas will then be calculated from these heating values.
The fuel composition corrections to output, LHV heat consumption, HHV heat consumption, exhaust flow,
and exhaust temperature will next be determined using a computer model of the gas turbine (cycle deck).
Two cycle deck runs will be made where the only change will be the fuel composition.
Rating Point Cycle Deck Run: One cycle deck run will be made with all rated conditions as input. The
results from the cycle deck run are currently limited to a LHV, dry basis. Therefore, the rating point
output, LHV heat consumption, exhaust flow, and exhaust temperature will be calculated in this cycle deck
run. To obtain the rated HHV (dry) heat consumption, the contract gas fuel HHV/LHV ratio as determined
from ASTM D 3588 and PTC 22-1997 will be utilized.
Test Point Composition Cycle Deck Run: A second cycle deck run will be made with all of the same inputs
except for the fuel composition. The fuel composition input to this cycle deck run will be taken directly
from the test fuel gas analysis. As stated above, the cycle deck run must be on a LHV, dry basis.
Therefore, to determine the test point HHV (dry) heat consumption, the test gas fuel HHV/LHV ratio
calculated from the gas composition, ASTM D 3588, and PTC 22-1997 will be used.
The fuel gas composition correction factors will then be determined as the ratio of the output, LHV heat
consumption, HHV heat consumption, or exhaust flow from the rating point cycle deck run to those from
the test point composition cycle deck run. The correction for the exhaust temperature will be in the form of
a T that is determined as the difference between the exhaust temperature from the contract point cycle
deck run and that from the test point cycle deck run. These correction factors will then be applied to the
measured test results for the purpose of determining compliance with the contract guarantees.
Examples
Table 1 shows an example of two different fuel compositions that result in the same heating value but have
different performance levels. The fuels are completely fictitious and are used only to make the point that
the same heating value can result from different fuel compositions. Both fuels have the same heating value,
but have performance differences caused by different specific heats in the air fuel mixture after
combustion. Note that the change in output is different for these two fuels having the same LHV (dry) by
0.22%.
Table 2 provides a sample of cycle deck output for both the Ratchaburi rated (contract) gas composition
and a fictitious test gas composition that is similar to the rated gas but has a different LHV. Note that this
results in a change in output of 0.65%.
Finally, Table 3 shows a sample calculation of the fuel gas composition corrections based on the cycle deck
output provided in Table 2. In summary, the overall correction factors for output, LHV heat consumption,
HHV heat consumption, exhaust flow, and exhaust temperature from this example would be:
Output
Heat Consumption, LHV (dry)
Heat Consumption, HHV (dry)
Exhaust Flow
Exhaust Temperature (F)
1.006522
1.003522
1.004597
1.002651
-0.8
Table 1: Ratchaburi - Example of Fuels with Same Heating Values, but

Different Compositions, and Resulting Performance
Fuel Composition (Vol %)

Methane (CH4)
Ethane (C2H6)
Propane (C3H8)
Butane (C4H10)
Pentane (C5H12)
Hexane (C6H14)
Nitrogen (N2)
70.5
0
0
0
0
0
29.5
0
64.2
3
2
0
0
0
30.8
0
LHV (BTU/lb)
HHV (BTU/lb)
12,420
13,800
12,420
13,771
Ambient Conditions
Ambient Temperature (F)
Site Pressure (psia)
Relative Humidity (%)
82
14.637
75.1
82
14.637
75.1
Exhaust Composition (Vol %)

Argon (Ar)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Water (H2O)
0.86
73.41
11.62
3.85
10.27
0.85
73.48
11.67
3.93
10.07
Estimated Performance PG9351(FA)

Exhaust Flow (10^3 lb/hr)
Gas Turbine Output (%)
Heat Consumption (%, LHV)
Gross Heat Rate (%)
4,917.2
1,147.3
100.351
100.138
99.788
4,916.9
1,147.5
100.127
100.002
99.875
from ASTM D 3588
0.36
-0.20
0.22
0.14
-0.09
Note : The Output, Heat Consumption, and Heat Rate % changes are relative
to the Rating Point, as seen in Table 2 on the next page.
Table 2: Ratchaburi - Cycle Deck Output for Sample Calculation

of Fuel Composition Correction
Rating Point Test Point

Fuel Composition (Vol %)
Methane (CH4)
Ethane (C2H6)
Propane (C3H8)
Butane (C4H10)
Pentane (C5H12)
Hexane (C6H14)
Nitrogen (N2)
70.26
1.22
0.18
0.06
0.02
0
24.46
3.8
71.86
2.41
0.6
0.27
0.1
0.02
20
4.74
LHV (BTU/lb)
12,434
13,333
Ambient Conditions
Ambient Temperature (F)
Site Pressure (psia)
Relative Humidity (%)
82
14.637
75.1
82
14.637
75.1
Exhaust Composition (Vol %)

Argon (Ar)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Water (H2O)
0.85
73.2
11.66
4.07
10.22
0.87
73.13
11.73
4.13
10.15
Estimated Performance PG9351(FA)

Exhaust Flow (10^3 lb/hr)
Gas Turbine Output (%)
Gross Heat Rate (%)
4,916.8
1,147.6
100
100
100
4,903.8
1,148.4
99.352
99.649
100.299
-13.0
0.80
-0.65
-0.35
0.30
Table 3: Ratchaburi - Sample Calculation of Fuel Composition Correction

Rating Point Cycle Deck Output
Output (%)
Exhaust Flow (10^3 pph)
LHV (BTU/lb)
100
100
4,916.8
1,147.6
12,434
Rating Point HHV Heat Consumption Calculation

HHV (BTU/lb)
13,801
HHV/LHV Ratio
1.10994
(%),
100 * 1.10994 =
110.994
Test Fuel Gas Analysis Results
Volume % Methane (CH4)
Volume % Ethane (C2H6)
Volume % Propane (C3H8)
Volume % Butane (C4H10)
Volume % Pentane (C5H12)
Volume % Hexane (C6H14)
Volume % Nitrogen (N2)
Volume % Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
LHV (BTU/lb)
HHV (BTU/lb)
71.86
2.41
0.6
0.27
0.1
0.02
20
4.74
13,333
14,783
Test Point Composition Cycle Deck Output

Output (%)
Exhaust Flow (10^3 pph)
99.352
99.649
4903.8
1148.4
Test Point HHV Heat Consumption

(%),
99.649 * 14783 / 13333 =
110.486
Correction Factors, and Delta

Output, 100 / 99.352 =
Heat Consumption, LHV, 100 / 99.649 =
Heat Consumption, HHV, 110.994 / 110.486 =
Exhaust Flow, 4916.8 / 4903.8 =
Exhaust Temperature (F), 1147.6 - 1148.4 =
1.00652
1.00352
1.00460
1.00265
-0.8
from ASTM D 3588
from ASTM D 3588
Appendix M: NOTUSED
Energy Services
Appendix N: NOT USED
Energy Services
Appendix O: References
1.
GEK 107551
2.
ASME PTC 22-1997
Performance Test Code on Gas Turbines
3.
AGA Report No. 3 Part I-1990
Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and other related

hydrocarbon fluids
4.
GEK 107122B
Gas Turbine Compressor Washing - Liquid Washing

Recommendations for Gas Turbines with Pulsed
Water Wash System
5.
ASTM D1945 (2001)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas

by Gas Chromatography
Energy Services

Petrobras Ibirite GT Thermal Test Procedure Rev02

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MS7001FA (PG7241) Gas Turbine Generator

Thermal Performance Test Procedure

Turbine Serial Number

Thermal Performance Test Procedure

Global Installation and Field Services

Performance Evaluation Services

Measurement and Instrumentation

Conducting the Test

Appendix A: Performance Correction Curves

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Performance Evaluation Services

Global Installation and Field Services

Performance Evaluation Services

March 20, 2002

The measured performance will be compared to the guaranteed performance to establish a

Heat Rate (BTU/kWh), LHV

Exhaust Available Energy,

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March 20, 2002

Ambient air temperature

Ambient air humidity

Generator power factor

Gas turbine conditions

New and Clean, < 200 Fired Hours

Gas turbine shaft speed

Exhaust system pressure drop

Gas Fuel Heating value at 80 oF

Fuel Composition (please see Note 2)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Global Installation and Field Services

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March 20, 2002

Global Installation and Field Services

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March 20, 2002

Prepare the thermal performance test procedure

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Performance Evaluation Services

March 20, 2002

Measurement and Instrumentation

Performance test data are of two calibers:

Data used for performance test calculations

Any temporary precision instrumentation required will be installed by Petrobras-Ibirite

At the completion of testing, all temporary precision instrumentation should be removed

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March 20, 2002

During verification, pressure will be supplied to each transmitter with an NIST

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March 20, 2002

The exhaust temperature control constants will be documented.

Global Installation and Field Services

Performance Evaluation Services

March 20, 2002

Conducting the Test

Performance testing will be witnessed by Petrobras-Ibirite and/or designated representative(s) of Petrobras-Ibirite.

In accordance with ASME PTC 22-1997, additional parameters will be monitored

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March 20, 2002

Table 7: Stability Requirement for Test Parameters

Gas Fuel Supply Pressure