Engineering Graphics

Day 1

Why Drawing?
Describe a spanner verbally
What do you think?
What is missing?

Describing a V-block

Examples of concept sketching

Example of Engineering Drawing

Why Engineering Drawing?

To allow design to develop from a concept to a
design on paper
To communicate our design intent

To builders (building drawing)

To manufacturers ( mechanical drawing)
To PCB manufacturers ( PCB layout / schematic)
Customers

How should be an engineering drawing ?

It has to have an uniform nature
It should speak a universal language
To have a standard way of representation

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

What is projection?
A method for visualizing objects
Represent 3d objects in space on to a sheet of
paper/plane

Concept of Projection

Orthographic projection
Ortho means perpendicular
Orthographic projection makes representing
objects easier
Simplifies a 3d problem into a 2d problem
Look at an object head on from various
directions (shown in the next slide)

Orthographic Projection

Orthographic Projection / Parallel

Lines drawn
from points on
the object to a
plane

They are joined

to from what is
known as a
view

The glass box concept

3d object considered
To be inside a glass box
And viewed from the
outside
Each face of the glass box
serve as plane of
projection

Glass box opened

Projection methods

First Angle Vs Third Angle

First Angle
Used mostly in Europe

Third Angle
Used mostly in USA

2nd angle and 4th angle projection?

Examples of Orthographic Projection

Examples of Orthographic Projection

Exercises

Match the pictorial

views (3D views)
on the right with
the orthographic
views on the left
P.S: The orthographic
views are shown in
3rd angle

Exercises
Draw the missing geometry in the orthographic views

Exercises
Draw the missing geometry in the orthographic views

Exercises
Draw the missing geometry in the orthographic views

PROJECTION OF LINES

Application of projection of lines

Application of projection of lines

Pipe line construction

Line parallel to two planes

Line inclined to one plane and parallel to

another

Line inclined to both the planes

Line Rotation Method

Before Rotation

After Rotation

Construction technique

Exercises on Lines
A straight line AB of true length 100 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP
and 30 mm in front of VP. The top view of the line is 80 mm and front view
is 70 mm. Draw the projections (TV and FV) of the line AB and obtain the
true inclinations of the line AB with HP and VP using line rotation method
If one end (A) of a line AB touches the VP and the end B touches the HP
such that the front view and top view fall on a straight line and the front
view is 80mm long and top view 40mm long find the true length and
inclinations.

Projection of planes

Projection technique

Plane inclined to HP

PROJECTION OF SOLIDS

Change of Position Method

Change of position 2 steps

Change of Position 2 steps