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Number System | CRACK SSC

CRACK SSC

Number System

Important Terms
Natural
Number

N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...... }

Whole
Number

W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,........ }

Integer

I = { - ...., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4...... }

Positive
Integers

I+ = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, .......... }

Negative
Integers

I- = { -1, -2, -3, -4 ....... - }

A rational number is any number that can be expressed as the
quotient or fraction p/q of two integers, p and q, with the
denominator q not equal to zero.

Rational
Numbers

eg. 3/2, -5 as it can be written as -5/1 , 1.5 as it can be written as

3/2
Note:
All Natural Numbers, All Whole Numbers & All Integers are
rational Numbers.

Irrational
Numbers

Those numbers which cannot be expressed in the form of p/q,

where q0.

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eg. 2, 3, 5 , etc are irrational numbers

Real
Numbers
Even
Numbers
Odd
Numbers

Numbers which are divisible by 2

eg. 2, 4, 6, 8...... are even numbers
Numbers which are not exactly divisible by 2
eg. 1, 3, 5, 7.... are odd numbers
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that
has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.

Prime
Numbers

eg. 2, 3, 5, 7 etc
Note:
2 is the only Even number which is Prime. All other Prime Number
are Odd.
A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called
a composite number. Means a composite number has other other
factors including itself and unity.

Composite
Note:
Numbers

1 is neither prime nor Odd.

Composite Number can be even or odd.
A perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its
proper positive divisors, that is, the sum of its positive divisors
excluding the number itself (also known as its aliquot sum)
eg. 6 is perfect number because 1, 2, and 3 are its proper positive
divisors, and sum of its proper positive divisors = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6.
Perfect
Numbers

28 is perfect number because 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 are its proper positive divisors and

sum of its proper positive divisors = 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 =28

Note:
The Sum of Reciprocal of the divisors of a perfect number including
that of its own is always equal to 2.
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eg. 1, 2, 3 are the proper divisors of 6. Now 1/1 +1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 2
Decimal

A Decimal Number is a number that contains a Decimal Point. eg.

Numbers

0.1, 1.2, 127.5

Test of Divisibility
1. Divisible by 2
A number is divisible by 2 if the last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
Example:
68 is divisible by 2 since the last digit is 8.

2. Divisible by 3
A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3.
Example:
168 is divisible by 3 since the sum of the digits is 15 (1+6+8=15), and 15 is divisible
by 3.

3. Divisible by 4
A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by the last two digits is divisible by
4.
Example:
516 is divisible by 4 since 16 is divisible by 4.

4. Divisible by 5
A number is divisible by 5 if the last digit is either 0 or 5.
Example:
535 is divisible by 5 since the last digit is 5.

5. Divisible by 6
A number is divisible by 6 if it is divisible by 2 AND it is divisible by 3.
Example:
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36 is divisible by 6 since it is divisible by 2 and it is divisible by 3 also.

6. Divisible by 7
If you double the last digit and subtract it from the rest of the number and the
answer is:
0, or
divisible by 7
(Note: you can apply this rule to that answer again if you want)
Example:
672 (Double 2 is 4, 67-4=63, and 637=9) Yes
905 (Double 5 is 10, 90-10=80, and 807=11 3/7) No

7. Divisible by 8
A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by the last three digits is divisible
by 8.
Example:
7120 is divisible by 8 since 120 is divisible by 8.

8. Divisible by 9
A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9.
Example:
549 is divisible by 9 since the sum of the digits is 18 (5+4+9=18), and 18 is divisible
by 9.

9. Divisible by 10
A number is divisible by 10 if the last digit is 0.
Example:
390 is divisible by 10 since the last digit is 0.

10. Divisible by 11
If you sum every second digit and then subtract all other digits and the answer is:
0, or
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divisible by 11
Example:
1364 ((3+4) - (1+6) = 0) Yes
3729 ((7+9) - (3+2) = 11) Yes
25176 ((5+7) - (2+1+6) = 3) No

Finding the Unit's Place Digit in a Number in

the form of Nn
Let X Y is the number
Steps to Find the Unit Digit:
STEP 1: Divide the Y by 4 and find the Remainder.
STEP 2: If the Remainder is:
0 - Then Unit digit of XY will be the unit digit of X4
1 - Then Unit digit of XY will be the unit digit of X1
2 - Then Unit digit of XY will be the unit digit of X2
3 - Then Unit digit of XY will be the unit digit of X3
Example:
Find the digit in the unit place of the number 795
Solution:
Divide 95 by 4: the remainder is 3.
Thus, the last digit of 795 is equals to the last digit of 73=343 i.e. 3.

Sum of First n Natural Numbers

Sum of First n even natural Numbers

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Sum of First even natural numbers upto n

Sum of First n odd natural numbers
Sum of Squares of First n natural numbers

Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers

Questions Asked from this Chapter:

Question Type 1: Based on Division,

Multiplication, Addition and Substraction
The sum of three consecutive odd natural numbers each divisible by 3 is 72. What
is the largest among them?
a) 21
b) 24
c) 27
d) 36

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The product of two positive numbers is 11520 and their quotient is 9/5. Find the
difference of two numbers:
a) 60
b) 64
c) 74
d) 70

A number being divided by 52 gives remainder 45. If the number is being divided by
13, the remainder will be:
a) 5
b) 6
c) 12
d) 7

Question Type 2: Based on Finding the Unit

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Place of Number
What will be the unit digit in the product of 7105?
a) 5
b) 7
c) 9
d) 1

One's digit of the number (22)23 is:

a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 2

Question Type 3: Based on the Sum of

Consecutive Numbers
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The sum of all natural numbers from 75 to 97 is:

a) 1598
b) 1798
c) 1958
d) 1978

The sum of all the 2-digit numbers is:

a) 4995
b) 4950
c) 4945
d) 4905

Question Type 4: Based on Rules of Divisiblity

Quantitative Aptitude

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up

Simplification

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Quantitative Aptitude
Number System
Simplification
HCF and LCM
Fraction
Square & Square Root
Cube & Cube Root
Indices & Surds
Percentage
Average
Ratio & Proportion
Allegation
Age Relation Problem
Data Interpretation
Profit & Loss
Partnership
Simple Interest
Compound Interest
Work & Time
Series & Sequence
Area & Perimeter
Volume & Surface Area
Algebra
Trigonometry
Geometry
Coordinate Geometry
Work & Wages
Pipe and Cistern
Time and Distance
Boat and Streams
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Discount
Practice Questions

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