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SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT I
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
Time allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
(a) What is observed when sulphur dioxide is passed through (i) water, (ii) limewater?
(b) Also write chemical equations for the reactions that takes place.
5.
6.
With the help of neat diagram describe how you can generate induced current in the circuit.
7.
Identify the substances oxidized and the substances reduced in the following reactions. Write
the ionic equation for the substances oxidized and reduced.
2HCl ( g )
(a) H 2 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )
Cu ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
(b) H 2 ( g ) + CuO ( s )
S ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
(c) H 2S ( g ) + SO2 ( g )
8.
2FeSO4 ( s )
Fe2O3 ( s ) + SO2 ( g ) + SO3 ( g ) . Is it a redox reaction or not? If yes, why?
9.
17. (a) Describe the steps involved in obtaining biogas and explain what is meant by anaerobic
decomposition.
(b) Which isotope of Uranium can undergo fission readily?
18. (a) State one limitation of solar energy available from solar cells.
(b) What is the minimum wind velocity required to obtain useful energy with a wind mill.
(c) Define the term Nuclear fission.
19. Identify the type of chemical reaction taking place in each of the following:
(i) Barium chloride solution is mixed with copper sulphate solution and a white precipitate is
observed.
(ii) On heating copper powder in air in a China dish, the surface of copper powder turns black.
(iii) On heating green coloured ferrous sulphate crystals reddish brown solid is left and small
of a gas having odour of burning sulphur is experienced.
(iv) Iron nails when left dipped in blue copper sulphate solution become brownish in colour
and the blue colour of copper sulphate fades away.
(v) Quick lime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
Or
During the reaction of some metals with dilute hydrochloric acid, following observations were
made:
(i) Silver metal doesnt show any change.
(ii) The temperature of reaction mixture rises when aluminium (Al) is added.
(iii) The reaction of sodium metal is found to be highly explosive.
(iv) Some bubbles of a gas are seen when lead (Pb) is reacted with the acid.
(v) A gas produced when sodium carbonate is added to the acid.
Explain these observations giving suitable reasons.
20. Give reasons for the following:
(a) Metals conduct electricity.
(b) Metals generally do not form compounds with hydrogen.
(c) A piece of zinc placed in blue copper sulphate solution decolourize it.
(d) Alumina is dissolve in molten cryolite for electrolysis to obtain aluminium metal.
(e) Nitrogen gas is used to preserve food.
Or
(a) What is corrosion of metals? Name one metal which does not corrode and one which
corrodes on being kept in atmosphere.
(b) How will you show that the rusting of iron needs oxygen and moisture at the same time.
21. (a) Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal.
Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in
Portal for CBSE Notes, Test Papers, Sample Papers, Tips and Tricks
(b) Label oesophagus, Liver, Pancreas and Gall bladder on the diagram drawn.
(c) What is the function of enzyme pepsin in the digestion process?
Or
(a) Draw a diagram of the human urinary system and label on it:
(i) Kidney
(ii) Ureter
(iii) Urinary bladder
(iv) Urethra
(b) Name the two major components of normal human urine.
22. (a) What is the function of an earth wire in electrical instruments? Why is it necessary to earth
the metallic electric appliances?
(b) Explain what is short circuiting and overloading in an electric supply.
(c) What is the usual capacity of the fuse wire in the line to feed:
(i) Lights and fans?
(ii) Appliances of 2 kW or more power?
Or
(a) State Ohms law.
(b) Describe the activity with the help of a diagram to establish the relationship between
current (I) flowing in a conductor and potential difference (V) maintained across its two
ends.
(c) Draw the shape of the curve obtained when a graph is plotted between I and V.
23. (a) What is meant by a magnetic field?
(b) How is the direction of magnetic field at a point determined?
(c) Describe an activity to demonstrate the direction of the magnetic field generated around a
current carrying conductor.
(d) What is the direction of magnetic field at the centre of current carrying circular loop?
Or
(a) What is an electromagnet?
(b) List any of its two uses.
(c) Draw a labelled diagram to show how is an electromagnet made?
(d) What is the purpose of the soft iron core used in making an electromagnet?
24. (a) Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy giving one example
of each.
(b) Why is the use of wood as a fuel not advised although forests can be replenished?
Or
Explain why:
(a) It is difficult to burn a piece of wood fresh from a tree.
(b) Pouring dry sand over the fire extinguishes it.
(c) It is difficult to use hydrogen as a source of energy.
(d) Charcoal is considered a better fuel than wood.
Section B
25. In test tube A
(i) the solution turns blue litmus red
(ii) evolves H2 gas with Zn metal
(iii) gives out CO2 on treatment with Na2CO3.
In test tube B
(i) the solution turns red litmus blue,
(ii) liberate H2 with Zn metal and
(iii) does not react with Na2CO3.
What are A and B? Give the chemical reactions involved.
26. (a) In plant, when stomata is opened in night, are called _________.
(b) Justify your answer.
27. Why key used in electric circuit should be kept off? Give reason.
28. The pH of soft drink is _______ and they are _______.
(a) less than 7, acidic
(b) more than 7, basic
(c) equal to 7, neutral
(d) less than 7, basic
29. Conc. H2SO4 reacts with copper to form a sulphur dioxide gas. In this reaction, conc. H2SO4 act
as a:
(a) Oxidizing agent
(b) Reducing agent
(c) Dehydrating agent
(d) Bleaching agent
30. What will happen when excess of SO2 is passed through limewater and why:
(a) The solution will become colourless due to formation of Ca(HSO3)2.
(b) Limewater turns milky due to formation of CaSO3.
(c) The solution becomes green due to CaSO3.
(d) The solution becomes pink due to Ca(HSO3)2.
31. Sunlight used for photosynthesis is:
(a) 5%
(b) 50%
(c) 0.5%
(d) 4%
(b) Parallel
(d) Neither in series nor in parallel
35. A voltmeter connected in parallel to a resistor reads 0.1 volt. There is:
(a) Zero error
(b) Positive error
(c) Negative error (d) Both (b) & (c)
36. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy:
(a) Wood
(b) Sun
(c) Fossil fuels
(d) Wind
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT II
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Move a bar magnet towards the coil. When North Pole is taken fast towards or South Pole is
taken fast towards the coil, the deflection occurs in the galvanometer but will be in opposite
direction. When the coil and magnet both are stationary, there is no deflection in the
galvanometer. Thus the motion of a magnet, with respect to the coil, produces an induced
potential difference which sets up an induced electric current in the circuit.
(a) H 2
2H + + 2e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2.
Cl2 + 2e
2Cl (Reduction)
Substance getting reduced is Cl2.
2+
Cu (Reduction)
(b) - Cu + 2e
Substance getting reduced is Cu.
H 2
2H + + 2e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2.
(c) 2S22
2S + 4e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2S.
S4 + + 4e
S (Reduction)
8.
9.
10. (a) No, he was wrong. Pure gold is very soft and is therefore not suitable for making jewellery.
It is alloyed with either silver or copper to make it hard. But sometimes jewelers mix a large
quantity of copper and silver in gold to earn more profit.
(b) Untrustworthiness, cleverness.
(c) We should always purchase the gold jewellery from a branded shop with proper receipt
and Hallmark certificate.
(d) Government insists on purchasing Hallmarked jewellery as it contains the gold and its
alloyed metal (i.e. copper or silver) in a fixed ratio.
11. Sulphide ore is mixed with water and pine oil. The mixture is agitated (shaken vigorously) with
the help of stirrer in the blast of air. Froth is formed, sulphide ore gets attracted towards pine
oil in the froth which is skimmed off, dried and concentrated sulphide ore is obtained. Gangue
is left behind at the bottom of water.
12.
16. To detect the presence of the magnetic field created by the current in a circular loop at the
centre, one can draw the magnetic field lines with the help of compass needle. The magnetic
field lines appear as a straight line at the centre and other lines appear in the same direction
without the loop.
Right hand thumb rule: Hold the wire in your right hand with your extended thumb pointing in
the direction of current. Your folded fingers will indicate the direction of magnetic field around
the wire.
17. (a) Anaerobic decomposition: The process in which the complex compound of cow dung
slurry decomposes or breaks down in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic micro organisms
called anaerobic bacteria is known as anaerobic decomposition.
Steps involved in obtaining biogas:
(i) Slurry is made by mixing of animal dung with an equal amount of water.
(ii) Slurry is passed through an inlet chamber of an underground digester tank.
(iii) In digester tank, slurry is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria in about 50-60 days to
produce biogas.
(iv) The biogas collected in domes built over the digester tank and has a gas outlet with
valve.
(v) The pressure exerted by the biogas on the slurry forces the spent slurry to the
overflow tank via outlet chamber.
(vi) The spent slurry is periodically removed and used as a good manure.
(vii) The whole process is repeated again for regular supply of biogas.
235
(b) 92
U can undergo fission readily.
18. (a) Conversion efficiency is less.
(b) Approximately 15 km/h.
(c) The process in which the heavy Uranium nucleus splits into lighter nuclei of smaller atomic
numbers is called Nuclear fission.
235
1
92
1
141
92 U + 0 n
56 Ba + 36 Kr + 30 n + Q
Q refers to the energy of 200 MeV released.
Na 2CO3 ( s ) + 2HCl ( aq )
2NaCl ( aq ) + H 2O ( l ) + CO2 ( g )
20. (a) It is due to presence of free electrons.
(b) Metals are good reducing agents and H2 is weak oxidizing agent therefore, metals do not
react with hydrogen to form hydrides.
(c) Zn + CuSO4
ZnSO4 + Cu
It is due to formation of ZnSO4 (aq) which is colourless.
(d) It increases electrical conductivity and molten cryolite acts as a solvent.
(e) It prevents oxidation of food which prevents its spoilage.
Or
(a) Corrosion of metal is a process in which metal reacts with substances present in
atmosphere to form surface compounds. Al does not corrode whereas Fe corrodes when
placed in atmosphere.
(b) Take three test tubes and put iron nails in each of them. In the first test tube add H2O up to
brim and leave no space for air. In the second test tube add fused CaCl2 so as to absorb
moisture. In the third test add water and leave space for air. Leave them for few days.
Rusting will not take place in first and second test tubes. But rusting will take place in third
test tube showing that rusting of iron requires both air and moisture.
21.
(c) The function of the enzyme pepsin in the digestion process is that it breaks down proteins
into peptones in acidic medium of gastric juice.
Or
(i)
(ii) The two major components of normal human urine are water and nitrogenous
substances, most of which is urea.
22. (a) The earth wire helps us by offering a low resistance path to the high potential that might
have come in contact with the body or other unwanted part of the device. This will not
bring any damage to the device or to the person handling the device. The fuse may
disconnect the electrical link in such cases.
(b) Overloading is the situation which causes a sudden draw of larger current by the electrical
appliances, when operated at the same time from a single parallel connection.
In short-circuit the live wire comes in contact with the neutral line. This gives a large drop
of potential and flow or current through the fuse wire. So it burns.
(c) (i) 5 A
(ii) 15 A
Or
(a) Ohms law: The electrical current (I) flowing through a metallic wire is directly
proportional to the potential difference (V) across its ends provided the physical conditions
like temperature remains constant.
Mathematically: V I
V = IR
(b) Aim: To establish the relationship between potential difference across the resistor and
current passing through it.
Apparatus required: Nichrome or eureka wire (length 0.5 m) , an ammeter, a voltmeter
and four cells if 1.5 V each.
Procedure:
(i) Set the circuit as shown in the figure.
(ii) First use only one cell as the source and note the reading of the ammeter and
voltmeter.
(iii) Now connect two cells in series and note the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter
again.
(iv) Now connect three cells in series in the circuit and again take the reading of both
devices.
(v) Lastly connect fourth cell in series in the circuit also note the reading of the ammeter
and voltmeter again.
Observation: In this activity, we will observe that the current increases with potential
difference, i.e. more cells being connected in series. We will get approximately the same
V
in each case and we will also obtain straight line graph of V vs I passing
value for
I
through the origin as shown in figure. From the graph, we observe that
V
= constant,
i.e. V = constant x I
or
V I
I
Conclusion: The constant is called Resistance. If we change the wire, the graph will vary
but remain a line with a different slope/resistances.
(c) Shape of the V-I curve is a straight line passing through the origin as shown in figure.
23. (a) Magnetic field: Surrounding a magnet its influence is felt by any other magnetic element. It
may be an attractive of a repulsive influence.
(b) The direction of magnetic field at a point is determined by drawing a tangent at that point.
The direction of tangent gives the direction of magnetic field.
(c) Aim: To demonstrate the direction of the magnetic field generated around a current
carrying conductor.
Procedure:
(i) Obtain the concentric circles pattern of iron fillings around the copper wire by flowing
current through it as shown.
(ii) Place a magnetic needle (compass) at any point (P) over a circle.
(iii) Observe the direction of needle.
(iv) Show the direction by arrows.
Conclusion: The direction of the north pole of the compass needle would give the direction
of the field lines produced by the electric current through the straight wire at that point.
(d) The direction of the field is perpendicular to the plane of the coil and directed inwards for
the clockwise current flowing. For anticlockwise current, it will be outwards.
Or
(a) Magnetizing a material: When a material like soft iron, is placed inside a coil carrying
current (may be a solenoid), it will get magnetized. Once the current is put-off, the
magnetic field will also be lost. Such magnets are called electromagnets.
(b) Two uses of electromagnet:
(i) In electric bells.
(ii) For sorting scrap metal.
(c)
(d) The purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet that:
(i) It is temporary magnetized.
(ii) It retains magnetism as long as current flow is maintained.
(iii) It will ensure an uniform and stronger field.
24. (a) Renewable sources of energy are those that can be used without depleting their reserves
and do not get exhausted. E.g., solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy etc.
Non-renewable sources of energy are those which cannot be replenished and exhausted
with the passage of time, e.g. coal, petroleum and natural gas.
(b) Wood is not advisable used as a fuel, although forests can be replenished due to the
following reasons:
(i) Burning of wood causes pollution.
(ii) The left-over residue after combustion have a disposed off problem.
(iii) Smoke produced by burning of wood causes health hazard.
(iv) Wood is a less heat generating fuel.
(v) Trees are essential for our life as they absorb CO2 and give out O2.
Or
(a) It is because a piece of fresh wood is not dry and therefore it is to be heated at high
temperature before it catches fire that is why it is difficult to burn.
(b) It cuts off the supply of air (oxygen) which is required for combustion to take place.
(c) Hydrogen is highly combustible and burns with an explosion, therefore, it is difficult to
store and transport.
(d) Charcoal, has higher calorific value than wood and produces less smoke than wood.
25. A is HCl because it turns blue litmus red and liberates H2 with Zinc and CO2 with Na2CO3.
Zn + 2 HCl
ZnCl2 + H2
Na2CO3 + 2HCl
2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
B is NaOH because it turns red litmus blue and liberates H2 gas with Zinc metal.
Zn + 2 NaOH
Na2ZnO2 + H2
Na2CO3 + NaOH
No reaction
26. (a) Scotoactive
(b) Due to deficiency of oxygen, in most plants, stomata opens at night, e.g., Opuntia,
Bryophyllum.
27. Key used in electric circuit should be kept off to avoid heating of the resistor because heating
changes resistance.
28. (a)
29. (a)
30. (a)
31. (a)
32. (a)
33. (a)
34. (c)
35. (b)
36. (c)
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
transmission lines. All the people agreed and Dinesh described them the devices to get
electricity in their area in detail. The village people were very happy to know this and soon
they got electricity in their area.
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What was the device described by Dinesh to the village people to obtain electricity locally?
(b) What source of energy is made uses of in this device to obtain electricity?
(c) Why do you think this device is more appropriate for an area like Rajasthan?
(d) What is the name of the single unit of this device?
(e) What values are shown by Dinesh in this incident?
[Value Based Question]
19. You are provided with two containers made up of copper and aluminium. You are also
provided with solutions of dil. HCl, dil. HNO3, ZnCl2 and H2O. In which of the above containers
these solutions can be kept?
Or
What happens when zinc granules are treated with dilute solution of H2SO4, HCL, HNO3, NaCl
and NaOH? Also write the chemical equations if reaction occurs.
20. (a) What is an activity series of metals? Arrange the metals Zn, Mg, Al, Cu and Fe in a
decreasing order of reactivity.
(b) What would you observe when you put:
(i) some zinc pieces into blue copper sulphate solution?
(ii) some copper pieces into green ferrous sulphate solution?
(c) Name a metal which combines with hydrogen gas. Name the compound formed.
Or
Describe with examples the following steps associated with the extraction of metals from their
ores:
(i)
Froth-floatation process
(ii)
Roasting of an ore
(iii) Calcinations of an ore
21. Explain the process of Photosynthesis in plants. List four factors which influence this process
and describe how each of them affects the rate of the photosynthesis process.
Or
List three differences between respiration in plants and respiration in animals. Describe with a
labelled diagram how gaseous exchange occurs through root hair in plants.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT II
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1.
2.
3.
P=
4.
V2
1
1
R
R
R
P
Therefore 60 W bulb has a higher resistance.
It is property due to which a crystalline substance loses water of crystallization when exposed
to air and becomes amorphous, e.g.,
air
Na2CO3.H2O + H2O
Na2CO3.10H2O
5.
Tropic movements
Nastic movements
(i) Direction of movement is in the direction (i) Direction of movement is not determined
of the stimulus.
by the direction of stimulus.
(ii) Movements are slow.
(ii) Movements are fast.
Example:
Example:
The growth of the pollen tube towards a
The folding up and drooping of leaves of
chemical produced by an ovule during the
the sensitive touch-me-not plant.
process of fertilization in a flower.
6.
Lines indicating the presence of magnetic field in a region are called magnetic lines of force.
7.
Displacement reaction is a reaction in which more reactive element displaces less reactive
elements from its salts.
Example:
8.
2KI ( aq ) + Cl2 ( g )
2KCl ( aq ) + I 2 ( g )
It is a displacement reaction.
Chemical formula is a formula of a compound formed with the help of symbols and valency of
elements and radicals.
Information conveyed by a chemical formula:
(i) It conveys the name of the compound.
(ii) It conveys the number and kind of atoms present in one molecule of compound.
(iii) It conveys the valency of atoms present in it.
(iii)
(colourless) Copper
It is because oxide layer is formed on the surface of aluminum due to which it does not
react further because it is non-penetrating layer.
12.
13. (a) Glottis is guarded by epiglottis to prevent food from entering the windpipe at the time of
swallowing.
(b) The lung alveoli are covered with blood capillaries for the easy diffusion of respiratory
gases, since both alveoli and blood capillaries are thin-walled.
(c) The wall of trachea is supported by cartilage rings so that it does not collapse when there is
not much air in it.
14. Male gonads are testes and female gonads are ovaries in human beings.
Functions of Testes:
(i) Testes produce sperms, the male haploid gametes.
(ii) They produce male sex hormones, i.e., testosterone.
Functions of Ovaries:
(i) They produce ova, the female haploid gametes.
(ii) They produce female sex hormones i.e., estrogen and progesterone.
15. (a)
(b) Req = R1 + R2 + R3 = 5 + 10 + 15 = 30
V = V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 + V5 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 V
V 10 1
=
= A
I=
R eq 30 3
16. The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of a circular coil of radius r , having N
turns and carrying a current I, is given by:
NI
B= o
tesla
2r
Thus the strength of the magnetic field in the coil is:
(i)
Nitrous oxide
Zn ( s ) + 2NaOH ( aq )
Na 2 ZnO2 ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
Sodium zincate
Thus, hydrogen gas is evolved with H2SO4, HCl and NaOH, nitrous oxide gas is evolved with
dilute HNO3 and no reaction takes place with NaCl solution.
20. (a) Activity series of metals is the series in which metals are arranged in decreasing order of
their reactivities.
Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Cu is in a decreasing order of reactivity.
(b) (i) When zinc is placed in copper sulphate solution, the solution becomes colourless and
brown colour copper metal is depicted.
Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
(ii) Copper does not react with ferrous sulphate because it is less reactive than iron. No
change takes place.
(f) Sodium metal combines with hydrogen to form Sodium hydride.
2Na + H2
2NaH (Sodium hydride)
Or
(i) Froth Floatation process: It is the process to concentrate sulphide ore. The ore is mixed
with water and pine oil and mixture is agitated with the blast of air. Froth is formed.
Sulphide ore gets collected in froth whereas impurities are left behind e.g., Zinc Blende
(ZnS) is concentrated by Froth Floatation process.
(ii) Roasting of an ore: The process of heating sulphide ore in presence of oxygen so as to
convert it into oxide is called roasting, e.g.,
2ZnO + 2SO2
2ZnS + 3O2
H = I 2 Rt
Proof: Work done to carry a charge dq against a potential difference V is,
dW = Vdq = VIdt
W = VIt = I 2 Rt
220 2
= 4840
40
220 220
= 0.045 A
=
R
4840
If one bulb fuses, no current flow will be seen in them.
Or
(a) Since resistivity depends neither on the length nor on the cross-sectional area of the
conductor, the resistivity will remain unaffected in all variations. Also here material is
same.
(b)
(i) Series
Net resistance = R60 + RH
Where R60 is the resistance of 60 W bulb and RH is the resistance of the heater.
Heat produced with a source of potential V (H) =
V2
t
R 60 + R H
Heat produced, H =
Conclusion: The direction of the north pole of the compass needle would give the direction
of the field lines produced by the electric current through the straight wire at that point.
The direction of the field is perpendicular to the plane of the coil and directed inwards for
the clockwise current flowing. For anticlockwise current, it will be outwards.
Or
Pure iron is not used for making permanent magnets because it cannot retain their magnetism
for long time and used only for electromagnet since alloys of iron and steel have strongly
magnetized and have a capacity to hold it for a longer time period, they are used for permanent
magnets.
Material used for permanent magnets ALNICO
Formation of a permanent magnet electrically: Permanent magnets can be formed by
placing a hard steel rod in the strong uniform magnetic field produced by the solenoid. Steels
have the quality to retain its magnetism after switch off the solenoid current.
Permanent magnets are used in:
(i) Galvanometer
(ii) Ammeter
25. The solution remains colourless because HCl is acid and It does not react with
phenolphthalein.
26. (a) Transpiration.
(b) Water loss due to evaporation from the plane is called transpiration.
27. No change will be there i.e. the resistivity ' ' will be same because it is a material constant.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
(b)
(b)
(a)
(b)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(c)
(b)
20. Differentiate between an alloy and an amalgam. How are alloys made? State with examples any
two properties in which an alloy may be different from those of its constituents. Write the
constituents and special advantages of:
(i) Stainless Steel
(ii) Magnalium
Or
What is meant by the term Enrichment of Ore? Name four methods generally used for
enrichment of ore. With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the method for the enrichment
of sulphide ore.
21. Define the terms Nutrition and Nutrients. List two differences between Holozoic nutrition
and Saprophytic nutrition. Give two examples of each of these two types of nutrition.
Or
(a) Explain why the rate of photosynthesis in plant is low both of lower and higher
temperature.
(b) Is green light most or least useful in photosynthesis and why?
(c) Describe an activity to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis in plants.
22. Draw the schematic diagram of a circuit containing the following electrical equipments:
(i) a resistance
(ii) a voltmeter
(iii) an electric bulb
(iv) a cell
(v) plug key (open)
(vi) an ammeter
Or
Three incandescent bulbs of 100 W each are connected in series in an electric circuit. In other
set of three bulbs of the same wattage are connected in parallel to the source.
(a) Will the bulb in the two circuits glow with the same brightness? Justify your answer.
(b) Now, let one bulb in both the circuits get fused. Will the rest of the bulbs continue to glow
in each circuit? Give reason.
23. State Flemings Right hand rule. With a labelled diagram, describe the working of an A.C.
electric generator.
Or
Explain with neat and labelled diagram, the principle, construction and working of D.C.
generator, showing the output.
24. Draw the line of forces (indicating field direction) of the magnetic field through and around (a)
a single loop wire carrying electric current and (b) a solenoid carrying electric current.
Or
(a) Draw a schematic diagram of a domestic electric circuit which includes a main fuse, a
power meter, a light point, a fan and a power plug.
(b) Why is it necessary to earth the metallic electric appliances?
Section B
25. When red litmus paper is added to limewater, then what will be the change in litmus paper?
Give reason. Write the chemical formula of limewater also.
26. A destarched leaf on a potted plant was covered with black (A), white (B) and transparent (C)
strips of paper as shown in the figure.
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After six hours to exposure to sunlight the leaf was removed from the plant and tested for
starch.
(a) What changes will be observed?
(b) Justify your answer.
27. A student draw the following circuit diagram for the experiment on studying the dependence
of current (I) on potential difference (V) across a resistor. What are the parts labelled X, Y and
Z in this diagram respectively? Justify your answer also.
28. When the colour of pH paper becomes red, the solution is _________ and pH is between _________.
(a) strongly acid, pH = 1 to 2
(b) weakly acid, pH = 6 to 7
(c) strongly basic, pH = 12 to 13
(d) weakly basic, pH = 7 to 8
29. When SO2 gas is passed through acidified K2Cr2O7 solution:
(a) The solution becomes green due to formation of K2SO4.
(b) The solution becomes green due to formation of Cr2(SO4)2.
(c) The solution becomes yellow due to formation of K2SO4.
(d) The solution becomes red due to formation of Cr2(SO4)2.
30. SO2 gas should not be inhaled because:
(a) It is poisonous.
(b) It is acidic in nature.
(c) It is lighter than air.
(d) It is pungent smelling.
31. Growth hormone : Pituitary : Thyroxin : __________
(a) Thyroid
(b) Parathyroid
(c) Pancreas
(d) Adernal
32. How many spinal nerves are present in human being:
(a) 31 pairs
(b) 19 pairs
(c) 27 pairs
(d) 30 pairs
33. The rest positions of the needles in a Milliammeter and Voltmeter when not being used in a
circuit are as shown in the figure. The zero error and least count of these two instruments
are:
(d) IV
35. If the key in the arrangement is taken out (the circuit is made open) and magnetic field lines
are drawn over the horizontal plane, the lines are:
(a) concentric circles.
(b) elliptical in shape.
(c) straight lines parallel to each other.
(d) concentric circles near the point O but of elliptical shapes as we go away from it.
36. Fuel used in thermal power plants is:
(a) water
(b) uranium
(c) biomass
(d) fossil fuels
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6.
7.
It gets spoiled due to chemical reaction taking place in it. Calcium lactate changes to lactic acid
which is sour in taste.
Fish Gills
Mosquito Air tubes or trachea
Earthworm skin
Mercury or Aluminium or Gold or Tungsten
(i) It is neutral.
(ii) 1 M NaOH has a higher pH value.
(i) A synergistic action in plants: In tissue cultures of parenchyma, mitosis are accelerated
when both auxin and cytokinin are present.
(ii) an antagonistic action in plants: Auxin stimulates the growth of apical bud and suppresses
the growth of lateral buds (apical dominance), whereas cytokinin promotes the growth of
lateral buds and suppresses apical dominance.
I Current (upwards)
Field lines Anticlockwise.
Sun
H 2 ( g ) + Cl 2 ( g )
2HCl ( g )
light
Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
Zinc
Blue
colourless
copper
Blue colour of copper sulphate gets discharged and reddish brown copper metal gets
deposited.
Zn is more reactive than Cu.
9.
10. (a) Roasting is a process in which sulphide ore is heated strongly in the presence of oxygen so
as to convert sulphide ore into oxide ore and sulphur is oxidized to SO2.
2ZnS + O2
Hg + SO2
(b) Cinnabar gets reduced to form Mercury.
HgS +
O2
Hg
+ S2
Cinnabar
Oxygen
Mercury
Sulphur dioxide
14.
15. (a) The two fans and two sockets were connected correctly in parallel circuits.
(b) The two electric bulbs were connected wrongly in series in the circuit.
(c) Vikalp showed the values of (i) Curiosity to check whether things worked properly or not
(ii) Knowledge of household wiring and (iii) Application of knowledge.
16. The following figure shows the pattern of field lines due to a bar magnet:
Ca ( OH )2 ( aq ) + CO2 ( g )
CaCO3 ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
Zn ( NO3 ) 2 ( aq ) + 2Ag ( s )
(ii) Zn ( s ) + 2AgNO3 ( aq )
Al2 O3 ( s ) + 2Cr ( s )
(iii) 2Al ( s ) + Cr2O3 ( s )
BaSO4 ( s ) + 2KCl ( aq )
(iv) BaCl2 ( aq ) + K 2SO4 ( aq )
(v)
H 2 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )
2HCl ( g )
Or
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(i) Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas turns lime water milky when passed through it due to the
formation of insoluble calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 +
CO2
CaCO3
+ H2O
Lime water
Carbon dioxide
Calcium carbonate
(ii) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas when passed through acidic potassium permanganate solution
(purple in colour) turns it colourless because SO2 is a strong reducing agent.
2KMnO4 + 2H2O + 5SO2
K2SO4
+
2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4
Potassium
Permanganate
(purple)
Sulphur
dioxide
Potassium
sulphate
(colourless)
Manganese
sulphate
(colourless)
(iii) The evolution of oxygen (O2) gas during a reaction can be confirmed by bringing a burning
candle near the mouth of the test tube containing the reaction mixture. The intensity of the
flame increases because oxygen supports burning.
(iv) Hydrogen (H2) gas burns with a pop sound when a burning candle is brought near it.
20. Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. One of them can be non-metal also.
Amalgam is a homogeneous mixture of metal and mercury.
Alloys are made by melting the two metals together.
Manganese steel is an alloy of Fe, C and Mn. It does not get rusted whereas iron gets rusted. It
is very hard and tough as compared to iron. Nickel steel contains Fe, C and 36% Ni. It does not
get rusted and it has least coefficient of thermal expansion as compared to iron.
(i) Stainless Steel: It contains 18% Cr and Ni and remaining is Fe. It is resistant to corrosion.
(ii) Magnalium: It is an alloy of magnesium and aluminium. It is light and does not get
corroded.
Or
The process of separating impurities from the ore is called Enrichment of Ores.
Four methods of enrichment of ores are:
(i) Froth floatation process
(ii) Chemical separation
(iii) Hydraulic washing
(iv) Magnetic separation
Froth floatation process: It is used to separate gangue from the sulphide ores especially of
copper. In this process, the finally powdered ore is mixed with water in a large tank to form a
slurry. Then some pine oil is added to it. The sulphide ores are preferentially wetted by the
pine oil whereas the gangue particles are wetted by water. When air is blown through the
mixture, the lighter oil froth carrying the metal sulphides rises to the top of the tank and floats
as scum. It is then skimmed off and dried. The gangue particles being heavier, sink to the
bottom of the tank.
21. Nutrition: It can be defined as the process by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs,
transports and utilizes nutrients and disposes off their end products. It can also be defined as
Food at work in the body.
Nutrients: These are those substances which supply nourishment to living organisms from its
surroundings and use it as an energy source or for biosynthesis of body constituents.
Difference between Holozoic Nutrients and Saprophytic Nutirtion:
Holozoic Nutrition
Saprophytic Nutrition
(i) In holozoic nutrition, solid food is broken (i) In saprophytic nutrition, the organisms
into simpler soluble forms by the action
obtain nutrients from the dead and
of digestive enzymes.
decaying organic matter.
(ii) This type of nutrition takes place in four (ii) This type of nutrition takes place by
steps namely, ingestion, digestion,
absorption of body surface.
absorption and egestion.
Examples: Fungi and Bacteria
Examples: Amoeba and Human beings
Or
(a) The process of photosynthesis involves the activities of a number of enzymes. These
enzymes work more efficiently within a certain range of temperature which is neither very
low nor very high. At low temperature the activity of enzymes is lowered due to which the
rate of photosynthesis is also low. Again when the temperature is very high, the activity of
enzymes decreases, which leads to low rate of photosynthesis.
(b) Green light is least useful in photosynthesis because the chlorophyll pigment reflects it
back.
(c) Activity to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis is plants:
(i) A potted plant is kept in dark continuously for 72 hours.
(ii) A leaf of this plant and also a leaf of a plant kept in the Sun for a long time is taken.
(iii) The leaves are dipped in boiling water for a few minutes to denature the enzyme.
(iv) Then the leaves are boiled in alcohol.
(v) The process will remove the chlorophyll and leaves will turn colourless.
(vi) Again the leaves are put in hot water to make them soft.
(vii) A few drops of iodine solution is poured on both the leaves and the colour is observed.
(viii) The colour of the leaf kept in sunlight will turn blue, which shows the presence of
starch. The leaf that was kept in dark becomes brown.
From his observation, it is shown that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis in plants.
22.
Or
Let us assume that the resistance of each bulb be R. The circuit diagram in two cases may be
drawn as given below.
I1 =
3R
Power consumption of each bulb in series combination.
V2
V2
V
P1 = I12 ( 3R ) =
3R
=
3R
=
9R 2
3R
3R
For parallel circuit,
The resistance of each bulb = R, Voltage across each bulb = V
( same voltage in parallel combination)
(i)
2
P2 ( V / R )
=
=3
P1 ( V 2 / 3R )
V2
P2 =
3R
P2 = 3P1
..(ii)
Therefore, each bulb in parallel combination glow 3 times brighter to that of each bulb in series
combination.
(b) When one bulb gets fused in both the circuit, then in series combination, circuit gets broken
and current stops flowing whereas in parallel combination, same voltage continue to act on
the remaining voltage and hence other bulbs continue to glow with same brightness.
23. Right hand thumb rule: Hold the wire in your right hand with your extended thumb pointing
in the direction of current. Your folded fingers will indicate the direction of magnetic field
around the wire.
AC electric generator produces potential which reverses after every 180 rotation of the coil.
Thus after every half rotation, the polarity of the induced emf thereby induced current across
the load resistance changes. Therefore in the external circuit, we get alternating current.
Or
D.C generator: D.C generator means the generator which produces unidirectional current.
Principle of D.C. Generator: It is also based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Construction: Similar to AC generator. In DC generator, we use split ring commutator as
shown in figure instead of slip ring commutator, which is used in A.C. generator.
Working: The change in the magnetic flux in the rotating coil sets up an induced emf across the
end of the coil. With the help of split ring commutator, one carbon brush is at all times in
contact with the arm moving up while the other is in contact with the arm moving down. Due
to this arrangement, current in the external circuit flows in the same direction, although
induced emf in the coil is reversed after every half rotation.
If several coils inclined at equal angles to one another and a commutator with corresponding
number of segments in it are used, we get almost steady current as shown in figure.
24.
Or
(a)
(b) Use of earthing in metallic electric appliances will neutralize any potential in case of shortcircuiting and the person, operating will not get a shock. The appliances will stop
functioning in case of any malfunctioning.
25. The colour of litmus paper will be changed into blue because limewater is a base which turns
red litmus blue. The chemical formula of limewater is Ca(OH)2.
26. (a) Only A and B portions remained colourless and the rest of the leaf turned blue-black.
(b) Portion of leaf covered with opaque paper does not get sunlight.
27. The respectively parts are s milliammeter, a resistor and a voltmeter because Ammeter (X) in
series and voltmeter (Z) in parallel to the resistor (Y).
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
(a)
(b)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(d)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
What happens when Hydrogen combines with Oxygen in the presence of an electric current?
Why is nutrition necessary for an organism?
Why is tungsten metal selected for making filaments of incandescent lamp bulbs?
Write two observations you would make when quicklime is added to water.
Where does cerebrospinal fluid occur in our body? Mention any two of its functions.
Draw a sketch of the iron fillings as you spray them on a magnet.
(a) What is an ionic equation? Give an example.
(b) Write the name of following compounds:
(i) Mn(OH)2
(ii) FeCl3
(a) What is Double displacement reaction? Give an example.
(b) Write balanced equation:
Sodium + Water
Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
(i) What is the action on litmus of:
(a) Dry ammonia gas.
(b) Solution of ammonia gas in water
(ii) State the observations you would make on adding ammonium hydroxide to aqueous
solutions of (a) Ferrous sulphate, (b) Aluminium chloride.
10. What is an alloy? Name the constituents of 22-carat gold. Why is 24-carat gold converted to 22carat gold?
11. State reasons for the following:
(a) Aluminium oxide is called an amphoteric oxide.
(b) Sodium and potassium metals are kept immersed under kerosene oil.
(c) Hydrogen gas is not evolved when most metals react with nitric acid.
12. List two vital functions of the human kidney. Draw a labelled diagram of an artificial kidney.
13. Explain the process by which inhalation occurs during breathing in human beings.
14. Draw a diagram showing endocrine glands in a human male body. Label the following glands
on it:
(a) Pituitary
(b) Thyroid
(c) Adrenal
(d) Testes
15. Name the unit used in selling electrical energy to consumers. Two lamps, one rated 100 W at
220 V and the other 40 W at 220 V are connected in parallel to a 220 V mains supply. Calculate
the electric current drawn from the supply line.
16. Draw the pattern of lines of force due to magnetic field associated with a current carrying
straight conductor. State how the magnetic field produces changes:
(i) with an increase in current in the conductor and
(ii) the distance from the conductor
17. Vinod went to his ancestral village alongwith his father during the summer holidays. He found
that the women of the village used dried cow-dung cakes (uple) as the fuel to cook food and for
other heating purposes. One day Vinod went to Panchayat meeting in a village which is
attended by all the village elders and requested them to install Gobar Gas plant in the village
and used cow-dung in it to produce gobar gas, instead of burning cow-dung cakes directly. He
explained the advantages of using the gobar gas as a fuel instead of cow-dung cakes. Everyone
liked the idea and thanked Vinod for guidance.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) State one disadvantage of using dried cow-dung cakes as a fuel for cooking food.
(b) State one advantage of using gobar gas as a fuel for cooking food.
(c) What values are displayed by Vinod in this whole episode?
[Value Based Question]
18. (a) Write the principle of generation of electric power by a boiling water type nuclear reactor.
Name the coolant used in such a reactor.
(b) Explain the process of generation of energy in the Sun and name the scientist who was first
to propose it.
19. Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them:
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulohur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
(e) Hydrogen sulphide gas reacts with oxygen gas to form solid sulphur and liquid water.
Or
Write the difference between Displacement reaction and Double displacement reactions. Write
equations for these reactions also.
20. Four metals A, B, C and D are, in turn, added to the following solutions one by one. The
observations made are tabulated below:
Metal Iron (II) Sulphate Copper (II) Sulphate Zinc Sulphate Silver Nitrate
A
No reaction
Displacement
----------------B
Displacement
--------No reaction
--------No reaction
No reaction
Displacement
C
No reaction
D
No reaction
No reaction
No reaction
No reaction
Answer the following questions based on above information:
(i) Which is the most active metal and why?
(ii) What would be observed if B is added to a solution of Copper (II) sulphate and why?
(iii) Arrange the metals A, B, C and D in order of increasing reactivity.
(iv) Container of which metal can be used to store both Zinc sulphate and Silver nitrate
solution?
(v) Which of the above solutions can be easily stored in a container made up of any of these
metals?
Or
You are given the following materials:
(i) Iron nails
(ii) Copper sulphate solution
(iii) Barium chloride solution
(iv) Copper powder (v) Ferrous sulphate crystals
(vi) quick lime
Identify the type of chemical reaction taking place when:
(a) Barium chloride solution is mixed with copper sulphate solution and a white precipitate is
observed.
(b) On heating copper powder in air in a China dish, the surface of copper powder turns black.
(c) On heating green coloured ferrous sulphate crystals, reddish brown solid is left and smell
of a gas having odour of burning sulphur is experienced.
(d) Iron nails when left dipped in blue copper sulphate solution become brownish in colour
and the blue colour of copper sulphur fades away.
(e) Quick lime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
21. How is Respiration is different from Breathing? Explain the process of Aerobic respiration
and Anaerobic respiration.
Or
Draw a diagram showing Human respiratory system. Label its following parts:
(i) Larynx
(ii) Trachea
(iii) Primary Bronchus
(iv) Lungs
Why do the walls of the trachea not collapse when there is less air in it?
Or
(i) The potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is 1 volt. What does is
mean? Name a device that helps to measure the potential difference across a conductor.
(ii) Why does the connecting cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element
does?
(iii) Electric resistivities of some substances at 20o C are given below:
Silver
1.60 108 m
Copper
1.62 108 m
Tungsten 5.2 10 8 m
Iron
10.0 108 m
Nichrome
100 106 m
Mercury 94.0 10 8 m
Answer the following questions using above data:
(a) Among Silver and Coper, which one is a better conductor and why?
(b) Which material would you advise to be used in electrical heating devices and why?
23. State Flemings Left hand rule. With a labelled diagram, describe the working of an electric
motor. What is the function of split ring commutator in motor?
Or
Explain with a neat diagram, the principle, construction and working of an A.C. generator.
24. What are magnetic field lines? How will you draw them? Write their characteristics.
Or
Show a domestic electric circuit with fuse, a bulb and a geyser from main electric line. Indicate
also the capacity of fuse used for geyser and the bulb.
SECTION B
25. If we mix equal volume of 1 M NaOH solution with 1 M solution of HCl and then if we add blue
litmus into it, then what will be the change in litmus paper? Write the chemical reaction
involved.
26. In an experiment on photosynthesis, a student fixed a strip of black paper on the dorsal surface
of a Bougainvillea leaf in the morning. In the evening she tested the leaf for starch.
(a) What will be the result?
(b) Justify your answer
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27. In the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V),
three students plotted the following graphs between (V) and (I) as per their respective
observations.
(I)
A
-------
Litmus
Blue
Red
(III)
A
Red
Blue
B
Red
Blue
B
Red
Blue
Litmus
Blue
Red
(II)
A
Red
----
B
---Blue
Litmus
Blue
Red
(IV)
A
Blue
Red
B
Blue
Red
(d) IV
(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV
(d) Shoots
33. The rest positions of the needles in a Milliammeter and Voltmeter were shown in figure A.
When a student used these in her experiment, the final readings of the needle were in the
position shown in figure B.
For the two students, their Ammeter and Voltmeter readings will be minimum when the
contact J is in the position:
(a) (i) in both the set ups.
(b) (iv) in both the set ups.
(c) (iv) in set up (A) and (i) in set up (B)
(d) (i) in set up (A) and (iv) in set up (B)
35. A circular loop placed in a plane perpendicular to the place of paper carries a current when the
key is ON. The current as seen from points A and B (in the plane of paper and on the axis of the
coil) is anti-clockwise respectively. The magnetic field lines from B to A. The N-pole of the
resultant magnet is on the face close to:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) A, if the current is small and B, if the current is large.
(d) B, if the current is small and A, if the current is large.
36. In a hydro power plant:
(a) Potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricity.
(b) Kinetic energy possessed by stored water is converted into potential energy.
(c) Electricity is extracted from water.
(d) Water is converted into steam to produce electricity.
When Hydrogen combines with Oxygen in the presence of electric current, water is formed.
electric
2H2O
2H2 + O2
current
2.
Nutrition is necessary for an organism because it serves as energy source which is utilized in
all physiological activities like growth, development and maintenance of life.
3. Tungsten metal has high resistivity and high melting point.
4. (i) The solution becomes hot.
(ii) Quicklime forms milky solution with water.
CaO + H2O
Ca(OH)2
5. The cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the sub-arachnoid space in the cerebral ventricles and spinal
canal.
Functions:
(a) It serves to maintain a constant pressure inside the cranium.
(b) It provides protection to the ears against mechanical injury and shock.
6.
7.
8.
(a) The equation involving ions and elements is called an ionic equation, e.g.,
2I ( aq ) + Br2 ( aq )
I 2 ( aq ) + 2Br ( aq )
(b) (i) Manganese Hydroxide, (ii) Ferric chloride
Double displacement reaction is a reaction in which compounds exchange their ions, i.e. two
atoms or ions displace each other, e.g.,
Ba ( NO3 )2 ( aq ) + ( NH 4 )2 CO3 ( aq )
BaCO3 ( s ) + 2NH 4 NO3 ( aq )
Barium Nitrate
Ammonium carbonate
Barium
Carbonate
Ammonium Nitrate
9.
10. An Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. Ore of them can be non-metals also.
22
22-carat gold contains
100 = 90.66% gold and remaining copper.
24
It is because 24-carat gold (pure gold) is too soft to make ornaments.
11. (a) It reacts with both acids as well as bases therefore, it is called amphoteric oxide.
(b) It is because they are highly reactive and catch fire in moist air.
(c) It is because nitric acid is strong oxidizing agent
12. The vital functions of human kidney are as follows:
(i) Excretion: Metabolic wastes are excreted in the form of urine.
(ii) Osmoregulation: Maintenance of water quantity in all the parts of the body.
13. Inhalation or inspiration is the process by which air is brought into the lungs during breathing
in human beings. It involves the following steps.
(i) The external intercostal muscles contract causing ribs to pull out and chest cavity to
expand.
(ii) Diaphragm contracts and is brought down a little. This also expands the chest cavity.
(iii) There is a contraction of the abdominal muscles. The expansion of chest cavity creates a
partial vacuum and atmospheric air rushes the lung.
14.
1
1
1
=
+
R p R1 R 2
V2 V2 V2
=
+
R p R1 R 2
P = P1 + P2
P = 100 + 40 = 140 W
Potential applied = 220 V
P 140 7
A
=
=
V 220 11
16.
(i)
(ii) Magnetic field decreases with an increase in distance from the conductor B
r
17. (a) Burning of dried cow-dung cakes as fuel produces a lot of smoke which cause air pollution
in the houses and damage the health of all the family members, especially women and
children.
(b) Gobar gas burns without producing any smoke and hence does not cause any air pollution.
This ensures good health for village people especially women and children who spend most
of their time inside the house.
(c) General awareness of the alternative sources of energy and concern about the environment
and health of village people.
18. (a) It is based on the fission of self sustaining controlled chain reaction of U-235. The heat
produced in the reactor is taken away the coolant such as water or heavy water or liquid
sodium and used to heat the water and convert it into steam. The high pressure steam
rotates the turbine which generates electricity.
(b) The process of generation of energy in the sun is nuclear fusion. For every fusion of
deuterium, it releases 21.6 MeV energy. It was Hans Bethe who first proposed it. Helium is
the product of the fusion.
2
2
42 He + 21.6 MeV
1 H + 1 H
2NH3 ( g )
19. (a) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g )
2H 2O ( l ) + 2SO2 ( g )
(b) 2H 2S( g ) + 3O2 ( g )
2AlCl3 ( aq ) + 3BaSO4 ( s )
(c) 3BaCl2 ( aq ) + Al2 ( SO4 )3 ( aq )
2KOH ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
(d) 2K ( s ) + 2H 2 O ( l )
2S ( s ) + 2H 2O ( l )
(e) 2H 2S( g ) + O2 ( g )
Or
Displacement reaction: In a displacement reaction, a more reactive element displaces or
removes another element from its compound.
For example, Zinc being more reactive, displaces copper from its compound.
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Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
Double Displacement reaction: In case double displacement reaction, two compounds react
by exchanging their ions and form two new compounds.
For example, Silver and Sodium exchange their ions, NO 3 and Cl respectively and form two
new compounds in the following reaction.
AgNO3 ( aq ) + NaCl ( aq )
AgCl ( s ) + NaNO3 ( aq )
20. (i) B is most active metal because it can displace iron from iron (II) sulphate, whereas A, C, D
cannot displace iron from iron (II) sulphate.
(ii) B will displace copper (reddish brown) from copper sulphate solution because B can
displace both iron as well as copper.
(iii) B > A > C > D
D, C, A, B is increasing order of reactivity.
(iv) Zinc sulphate solution can be stored in metal B, C and D, silver nitrate solution can be
stord in container of metal D.
(v) Zinc sulphate
Or
(a) BaCl2 (aq) + CuSO4 (aq)
BaSO4 (s) + CuCl2 (aq)
Barium
Chloride
Copper
sulphate
White ppt
Copper chloride
(Barium sulphate)
Oxygen
(Ferric oxide)
Sulphur
Sulphur
Reddish Brown dioxide
trioxide
Solid
(smell of burning sulphur)
It is Decomposition reaction.
(d) Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq)
FeSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
Iron
Blue
Pale green
It is Single Displacement reaction. Iron can displace copper from copper sulphate solution.
21. Difference between Breathing and Respiration:
Breathing
Respiration
(i) It is a bio-physical process where oxygen (i) It is a bio-chemical process where
is taken and carbon dioxide is given out.
oxidation of food occurs and carbon
dioxide is released.
(ii) It does not require enzymes.
(ii) It occurs in the presence of respiratory
enzymes.
(iii) No energy is released during the process. (iii) Energy is released in the form of ATP.
(iv) It occurs at organ level.
(iv) It occurs at cellular level.
(v) It is found in higher animals only.
(v) It is found in all animals and plants.
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Aerobic respiration: When tissues carry our oxidation of food materials, utilizing molecular
oxygen, the process is called Aerobic respiration.
(
Glycolysis
2)
Pyruvic acid
Glucose
(in cytoplasm)
( in mitochondria ) 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 38 ATP
in presence of O
(2 molecules of pyruvate)
(energy)
Anaerobic respiration: When cells or organisms carry out oxidation of nutrients without
utilizing molecular oxygen, the process is called Anaerobic respiration.
(
Glycolysis
2)
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
(in cytoplasm)
( yeast fermentation ) 2C2 H5 OH + 2CO2 + 2 ATP
in absence of O
(2 molecules of pyruvate)
(energy)
Or
The walls of trachea does not collapse when there is less air in it as it is supported by rings of
cartilage.
22. Energy consumed per day by refrigerator = 0.4 kW x 10 h = 4 kWh
400
(Power of refrigerator = 400 W =
kW = 0.4 kW)
1000
Energy consumed per day by fans = 2 x 0.08 kW x 6 h = 0.96 kWh
80
(Power of each fan = 80 W =
kW = 0.08 kW)
1000
Energy consumed per day by Lights = 6 x 0.018 kW x 6 h = 0.648 kWh
Total energy consumed per day = 4 + 0.96 + 0.648 = 5.608 kWh
Energy consumed in 30 days = 30 x 5.608 = 168.24 kWh
Cost of 261.84 units @ `3.00 = 1.68.24 x 3 = ` 504.72
Or
(i) The potential difference between two points is 1 volt means that if a charge of 1 coulomb
is moved from one point to other, 1 joule of work is required.
Electric motor: The device used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy is called
Electric Motor. It is used in fans, machines etc.
Principle: Electric motor works on the principle of force experienced by a current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field. The two forces in the opposite sides are equal and opposite.
Since they act in different lines they bring rotational motion.
Working: It consists of an armature coil with many turns, a strong magnetic field source,
commutator, carbon brushes and a source of electrical energy. As the current I flows in the coil
ACDE, it will experience equal and opposite forces separated by a perpendicular distance. This
makes the coil to rotate about its axis. After 180 rotation, the arms of the coil (say AC and DE)
change the sides. At this stage the commutator reverses the direction of the current and
ensures the flow of current in the same direction. So the motor continues to rotate the coil.
During this rotation, some induced current is produced and it flows in the opposite direction.
This causes a reduction in the current flowing through the coil as the speed increases.
Functions of split ring commutator: After half a rotation of the coil about its axis, the
commutator reverses the direction of current and ensures the flow of current in the same
direction. So the motor continues to rotate the coil.
Or
AC electric generator produces potential which reverses after every 180 rotation of the coil.
After half rotation, CD starts moving up and AB moves down. Hence net induced current in the
direction DCBA.
Thus after every half rotation, the polarity of the induced emf thereby induced current across
the load resistance changes. Therefore in the external circuit, we get alternating current.
24. Magnetic field: Surrounding a magnet its influence is felt by any other magnetic element. It
may be an attractive of a repulsive influence.
The direction of magnetic field at a point is determined by drawing a tangent at that point. The
direction of tangent gives the direction of magnetic field.
Characteristics of Magnetic field lines:
(i) The direction of the magnetic field is indicated by the arrow in the line at any point
(Tangent).
(ii) The field lines come out of the North pole and get into the South pole (closed loops are
formed).
(iii) The strength of magnetic field is indicated by the closeness of the field lines. Closer the
lines, more will be the strength and farther the lines, lesser will be the field strength.
(iv) No two field lines will intersect each other if they intersect there will be two different
directions for field at the same point which is not possible.
Or
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Define Electrolysis.
What is breathing?
A wire of resistance 10 is bent in the form of a closed circle. What is the effective resistance
between the two points at the ends of any diameter of the circle?
A calcium compound which is a yellowish white powder is used as a disinfectant and also in
textile industry. Name the compound. Which gas is released when this compound is left
exposed to air?
Name the ovarian hormones and give the function of any one of them.
What is the difference between direct and alternating currents? Write one important
advantage of using alternating current.
Balance the ionic equation:
Cu 2+ + Ag
(a) Cu ( s ) + Ag +
(b) Al + H +
Al3+ + H 2
8.
9.
3+
Fe 2 + + Cr 3+
(c) Fe + Cr
Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of
heat, light or electricity.
(i) Differentiate between strong and weak electrolyte.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
(ii) What is the source of liquid droplets seen on the inner upper side of the test tube during
the heating process?
(b) A metal X when dipped in aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate no reaction is observed
whereas when it is dipped in an aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate, the pale green
solution turns colourless. Identify the metal X with reason.
20. (i) Define the term alloy and amalgam. Name the alloy used for welding electric wires
together. What are its constituents.
(ii) Name the constituents of the following alloys:
(a) Brass (b) Stainless steel (c) Bronze
State one property in each of these alloys, which is different from its main constituents.
Or
What method of concentration of ore is preferred in each of the following cases and why?
(i) The ore has higher density particles interspersed with a large bulk of low density
impurities.
(ii) The ore consists of copper sulphide intermixed with clay particles.
(iii) Give an example of amalgam.
21. (i) Name the blood vessel that brings oxygenated bloof to human heart.
(ii) Which chamber of human heart receives oxygenated blood?
(iii) Explain how oxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to all parts of the body.
Or
(i) Name the blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood to human heart.
(ii) Which chamber of human heart receives deoxygenated blood?
(iii) Explain how deoxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to lungs for oxygenation.
22. (a) Name an instrument that measures electric current in a circuit. Define the unit of electric
current.
(b) What do the following symbols represent in a circuit diagram:
(c) An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5 m long Nichrome wire XY, an ammeter, a voltmeter,
four cells of 1.5 V each and a plug key was set up.
(i) Draw the electric circuit diagram to study the relation between the potential difference
maintained between the points X and Y and the electric current flowing through XY.
(ii) Following graph was plotted between V and I values using above circuit:
V
ratios when the potential difference is 0.8 V, 1.2 V and
I
1.6 V respectively? What conclusion do you draw from these values?
Or
Explain the following:
(i) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of an electric lamp?
(ii) Why are the elements of electric heating devices, such as bread-toaster and electric irons,
made of an alloy rather than a pure metal?
(iii) Why is the series arrangement of appliances not used for domestic circuits?
(iv) How does the resistance of a wire vary with its area of cross-section?
(v) Why are copper and aluminium wires usually employed for electric energy transmission?
23. What is electromagnetic induction? Give two methods of inducing electric current in a coil.
Explain each method with the help of diagram.
Or
Draw a labelled diagram of domestic circuit. What is the importance of earthing in a circuit?
24. State the principle on which an electromagnet works. Describe an activity to make an
electromagnet. Give two uses of electromagnet.
Or
Describe an activity to draw magnetic lines of force around a current carrying (a) straight
conductor, (b) circular loop.
Section B
25. Which of the following gas turn limewater milky:
(b) SO2
(a) CO2
(c) Both CO2 and SO2
(d) Neither CO2 nor SO2
Write chemical reactions involved.
26. A student wanted to decolourise a leaf. In which solvent, he should boil the leaf? Justify your
answer.
27. The current flowing through a resistor connected in an electrical circuit and the potential
difference developed across its ends is shown in figure. Calculate the value of resistance of the
resistor in ohms.
28. Given below are the observations reported by four students I, II, III and IV for the changes
observed with dilute HCl or dilute NaOH and different materials.
Material
Dil HCl
Dil. NaOH
I. Moist litmus paper
Blue to red
Red to blue
Does not react at room
II. Zinc metal
React at room temperature
temperature
Remains clear and
III. Zinc metal on heating
Liquid becomes milky
transparent
IV. Solid sodium bicarbonate No reaction
Brisk effervescence
The incorrectly reported observation is:
(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV
29. Dil. H2SO4 cannot be used in preparation of SO2 because:
(a) It is not a good oxidizing agent.
(b) It is a good reducing agent.
(c) It is bleaching agent.
(d) It is dehydrating agent.
30. A student asked to demonstrate the following two properties of sulphur dioxide gas:
I.
It is heavier than air and
II.
It is highly soluble in water.
Which two of the following four arrangements would the student use to demonstrate these
properties:
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
31. Medulla Oblongata is originated from:
(a) Mesoderm
(b) Ectoderm
32. The innermost layer of the human eye is:
(a) sciera
(b) cornea
(d) II and IV
(c) Endoderm
(d) Ectomesoderm
(c) retina
(d) lens
33. In the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) on potential difference (V), four
student set up their circuits as shown below:
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1.
2.
3.
R eq = = 2.5
R eq 5 5 5
2
4.
Cu 2+ + 2Ag
(a) Cu ( s ) + 2Ag +
(b) 2Al + 6H +
2Al3+ + 3H 2
(c) 3Fe3+ + Cr
3Fe 2 + + Cr 3+
8.
heat
CaO ( s ) + CO2 ( g )
(a) CaCO3 ( s )
Sunlight
2Ag ( s ) + Cl2 ( g )
(b) 2AgCl ( s )
electricity
2H 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g )
(c) 2H 2O ( l )
9.
(i) Strong electrolytes are those which dissociate into ions completely in aqueous solution.
Weak electrolytes are those which do not associate into ions completely in aqueous
solution.
(ii) CH3COOH and NH4OH are weak electrolytes whereas molten NaCl and dilute HCl are strong
electrolytes.
10. (a) Germanium shows the properties of both metals and non-metals, therefore, it is regarded
as metalloids.
(b) Zirconium is highly valuable for economy for country as it is very useful in nuclear reactor,
therefore it is called a strategic metal.
(c) Nitrogen prevents food from getting oxidized, therefore, it is used to preserve food.
11. (a) Strategic metals are those which are very important for the economy or defence of a
country. These metals and their alloys are used in atomic energy, space science projects,
jet engines, high grade steels, etc., e.g., Titanium, Zirconium, Chromium, Manganese etc.
(b) When Zinc metal is placed in solution of mercuric chloride, Zn displaces mercury and a
shining silvery surface is formed because zinc is more reactive than mercury.
Zn ( s ) + HgCl2 ( aq )
ZnCl2 ( aq ) + Hg ( l )
When zinc metal is placed in MgSO4 solution, no reaction takes place because Zn is less
reactive than Mg, therefore it cannot displace Mg from MgSO4.
12. The function of epiglottis in man is that at the time of swallowing food, the epiglottis closes the
tracheal opening thereby preventing the food from entering the windpipe.
13.
14.
40
5 = 1 kWh
1000
500 4
Energy consumed by an electric press of 500 W for 4 hours in 1 day =
= 2 kWh
1000
Energy consumed in 1 day = 1 + 2 = 3 kWh
Total electrical energy consumed in 30 days = 3 x 30 = 90 kWh = 90 units
16. (a) An iron particle fell into Aslams eye while using the grinder on iron railing.
(b) The doctor used an electromagnet to remove the tiny iron particle. Electromagnet is a
powerful magnet and the iron particle in the eye is strongly attracted by the
electromagnet, sticks to the electromagnet and gets removed.
(c) Mohan showed the values of (i) Ability to handle a serious situation with calmness and (ii)
Desire to help others (by rushing Aslam to an eye hospital).
17. Difference between Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion:
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion
(i) Heavy nucleus splits to form lighter (i) Lighter nuclei fuse together to form
nuclei.
heavy nucleus.
(ii) Products are radioactive.
(ii) Products are non-radioactive.
(iii) Energy released to nearly 200 MeV.
(iii) Energy released to nearly 21.6 MeV.
(iv) Energy per nucleon is less.
(iv) Energy per nucleon is more.
Example:
235
94
1
Fission: 92
U + 10 n
139
56 Ba + 36 Kr + 30 n + Energy
Fusion: 12 H + 12 H
42 He + Energy
Fusion is not used to meet day-to-day energy requirements because it is not controlled so far,
and it can be self sustained only at 108 K temperature.
18. Solar water heater: It is a device in which water is heated by using solar energy.
Principle: Solar water heater works on the heat absorbing property of balck surfaces and
greenhouse effect.
It consists of an insulated box B which is painted black from inside and in which copper tube is
fitted in the form of a coil. These copper tubes are painted black from outside so that they may
absorb hot rays of the sun more efficiently. The box is covered with glass lid so as to prevent
heat loss by convection and radiation. The two ends of the copper tube of solar water heater
are joined to the water storage tank.
19. Activity
(i) Take a plastic vessel. Drill two holes at its
bottom and set rubber stoppers in these
holes.
(ii) Insert carbon electrodes in these rubber
stoppers and connect these electrodes to a 6
volt battery and a switch.
(iii) Fill the vessel with water such that the
electrodes are immersed. Add a few drops of
dilute sulphuric acid to the water in the
vessel.
(iv) Take two graduated test tubes filled with
water and invert them over the two carbon
electrodes.
(v) Switch on the current.
(vi) After sometime you will observe the formation of bubbles at both the electrodes. These
bubbles displace water in the graduated tubes.
(vii) Once the test tubes are filled with the respective gases, remove them carefully.
(viii) Test these gases one by one by bringing a burning splinter of wood close to the mouth of
the test tubes.
(ix) When the glowing splinter of wood is brought close to the mouth of one test tube, it
relights and when it is brought close to the mouth of other test tube, the gas burns with a
pop. Oxygen is the only common gas that relights the splinter and hydrogen gas buns with
a pop.
Or
(a) (i) Blue; white
(ii) The liquid droplets are actually the water droplets. The source of water droplets is the
water of crystallization of hydrated copper sulphate crystals ( CuSO4 .5H 2O ) .
(b) When metal X is dipped in aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate no reaction is observed,
it means it is less reactive than aluminium. But when it is dipped in ferrous sulphate
solution, the solution turns form pale green to colourless, so X is more reactive than iron
and thus displaces it from its solution.
Therefore, X must be Zinc. It reacts with ferrous sulphate to form colourless zinc sulphate
solution by displacing iron.
Zn ( s ) + FeSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Fe ( s )
20. (i) Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. One of them can be a non-metal also.
Amalgam is an alloy of any metal with mercury.
Solder is an alloy used for welding electric wire together. It contains lead (Pb) and tin (Sn)
(ii) (a) Brass contains copper and zinc.
(b) Stainless steel containing iron, carbon along with chromium and nickel.
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(iii) Amalgam are alloys of mercury with other metals, e.g., Sodium amalgam, Zinc
amalgam.
21. (i) The pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood to the human heart.
(ii) The left auricle of human heart receives oxygenated blood.
(iii) (a) When oxygenated blood comes into the left atrium it contracts and pours blood into
left ventricle.
(b) The left ventricle contracts and the oxygenated blood from here is distributed to all
parts of the body though aorta.
Or
(i) The pulmonary artery brings deoxygenated blood to the human heart.
(ii) The right auricle of human heart receives deoxygenated blood.
(iii) (a) Right auricle pours deoxygenated blood into right ventricle.
(b) From right ventricle deoxygenated blood flows to the lungs through pulmonary artery
for oxygenation.
22. (a) An instrument that measures electric current in a circuit is called Ammeter. The unit of
electric current is Ampere (A). 1 ampere is constituted by the flow of 1 coulomb of charge
through any point in an electric circuit in 1 second.
(b) (i) Variable resistance or rheostat
(ii) Plug key or switch (closed)
(c)
Or
(i) Pure tungsten has a high resistivity and a high melting point (nearly 3000o C). When an
electric current is passed through the filament, the electric energy is converted to heat and
light energy due to the heating of the filament to a very high temperature. Due to the high
melting point of tungsten, the filament does not melt.
(ii) The resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals. Alloys do
not oxidize (burn) readily at higher temperatures. Therefore conductors of electric
heating devices such as toasters and electric irons are made of an alloy rather than pure
metal.
(iii) The series arrangement is not used for domestic circuit because:
(a) If connected in series total resistance will increase. Therefore current flowing through
the circuit will be low.
(b) If one appliance is switched off or gets damaged than all other appliances will also stop
working because their electricity supply will be cut-off.
(iv) The resistance of a wire is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. Thus, a thick
wire has less resistance and a thin wire has more resistance.
(v) Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electric energy transmission
because copper and aluminium have very low resistivities.
23. The production of electric current due to relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic
field is called electromagnetic induction. Electric current produced due to this phenomenon
is called induced current. This was discovered by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry.
The direction of induced current can be reversed by reversing the direction of magnetic field. If
the coil as well as the magnet are stationary, no current is induced in the coil.
When the current in primary coil is switched on, it takes a little time to rise from zero to a
maximum value. This causes a momentary change in the magnetic field around this coil and
hence induces a momentary current in the secondary coil. The same happens in reverse
direction when the current in primary coil is switched off.
Or
To avoid risk of electric shock, the metal body of appliances is earthed. Earthing means to
connect the metal case of the appliance to earth (i.e. zero potential) by mean of a metal wire
called earth wire (in green insulation cover).
One end of the metal wire is buried in the earth. The appliances is connected to the earth by
using he top pin of a 3-pin plug which connects to earth. Earthing saves us from electrical
shocks.
24. An electromagnet works on the principle of magnetic effect of current.
Aim: To construct an electromagnet.
Material required: Iron nail, copper wire, sand paper, cell, iron filings
Procedure:
(i) Take an iron nail and clean it with cloth.
(ii) Take insulated copper wire of length 1 m and shave
off both its end with the help of sand paper.
(iii) Wind the wire nearly on the iron nail to form a
cylindrical coil.
(iv) Connect the free ends of the wire to the terminals of
a cell.
(v) Bring iron filings near the nail and observe what happen.
Iron filings get attracted to the iron nail because iron nail behaves like a magnet when
current passes through it.
Uses: Electromagnets are used in electric bell, cranes etc.
Or
Aim: To draw magnetic lines of force around a current carrying (a) straight conductor, (b)
circular loop
Material required: A cell, switch, connecting wires, an insulated copper wire, iron filings, card
board.
Procedure:
(i) Hang the cardboard horizontally on a stand.
(ii) Pass the copper wire through the centre
of the cardboard.
(iii) Connect cell, switch and copper wire in
series through the connecting wires.
(iv) Switch the circuit on sprinkle iron filings
gently on the card board and tap it.
(v) The iron filings will arrange themselves in
the form of connecting rings around the
wire.
(vi) Now bend the wire into a loop and pass it through the cardboard as shown. Repeat step
(iv) again.
(vii) Observe the pattern of field lines.
The magnetic field around a current carrying conductor appears in the form of concentric
circles.
The magnetic field in the centre of a current carrying circular loop appears as straight
lines.
25. Option (c) is correct. Both CO2 and SO2 turns limewater milky.
CO2
+ Ca(OH)2
CaCO3 + H2O
Carbon dioxide
SO2
Sulphur dioxide
Limewater
white ppt.
Ca(OH)2
CaSO3 + H2O
Limewater
white ppt.
26. He should boil the leaf in Alcohol. Alcohol dissolved the chlorophyll and decolourise the leaf.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
V
1.8 V
1.8 103 1800
R=
=
=
=
= 10
I 180 mA
180
180
(d)
(a)
(d)
(b)
(c)
(b)
(c)
(c)
(b)
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Name the two hormones secreted by pancreas. Write one function of each hormone named.
What is meant by the term Magnetic field lines? List any two properties of magnetic field
lines.
Write the formulae and names of the compounds formed by:
(a) Na + and HCO3
(b) K + and CO32
(c) Cr 3+ and PO34
(d) Zn 2+ and SO 24
8.
(e) Na + and SO 24
What is the relationship between oxidation and oxidizing agent in a redox reaction? Write an
example of a redox reaction showing the relationship between oxidation and oxidizing agent.
9.
Name the raw materials that are required for the manufacturing of washing soda by Solvay
process. Describe the chemical reactions involved in the process.
10. (a) Name the chief ore of Iron. Write its formula.
(b) How is an Iron ore concentrated? Describe it briefly.
11. Describe with labelled diagram, the Froth Floatation Process used to separate the gangue from
a Sulphite ore.
12. Om, Rohit and Kishore always remain in a hurry. One day, during lunch hour they all quickly
gulped food and went out to play. Om suddenly developed stomach ache while playing.
Read the given passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What according to you might have gone wrong with him?
(b) Give reason for happening wrong in scientific terms.
(c) Mention the associated value of the Om that he should follow in the passage.
[Value Based Question]
13. Draw the diagram of a palisade cell of a plant leaf and label the following in it:
(a) Chloroplast
(b) Vacuole
(c) Cytoplasm
(d) Nucleus
14. Describe the central nervous system in human being under the following heads:
(a) Regions included.
(b) Three functions of any one region.
15. (a) What is meant by Electric Resistance of a conductor?
(b) A wire of length L and resistance R is stretched so that its length is doubled and area of
cross-section is halved. How will its:
(i) resistance change
(ii) resistivity change
16. How does the strength of the magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of wire depend on:
(a) The radius of the coil.
(b) The number of turns of wire in the coil.
(c) The strength of current flowing in the coil.
17. (a) Why is the solar cooker box covered with a plane glass plate?
(b) Why is energy of water flowing in a river considered to be an indirect form of Solar energy?
235
(c) How is the fission of 92
U nucleus brought about?
18. (a) Describe the steps involved in obtaining biogas and explain what is meant by anaerobic
decomposition.
(b) Which isotope of uranium can undergo fission readily.
19. In the following schematic diagram for the preparation of hydrogen gas as shown in the figure,
what would happen if the following changes are made:
(a) In place of Zinc granules, same amount Zinc dust is taken in the test-tube.
(b) Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken.
(c) In place of Zinc, Copper turnings are taken.
(d) Sodium hydroxide is taken in place of dilute sulphuric acid and the tube is heated.
Or
(a) Given below are the steps for the extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reactions
involved.
(i) Roasting of copper sulphate.
(ii) Reduction of copper oxide with copper sulphide.
(iii) Electrolytic refining
(b) Draw a neat and well labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper.
20. How are metals low in activity series extracted from their ores? Explain with reference to
copper and mercury.
Or
State reasons for the following:
(a) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of sodium and aluminium.
(b) Calcium does not occur free in nature.
(c) Zinc does not give hydrogen on reacting HNO3.
(d) Metals can be given different shapes according to our needs.
(e) Gold and Platinum are used in jwellery.
21. (a) Blood goes two times through heart during one cycle of passage through the body. Explain
the above statement.
(b) Give one example of regulation of hormone secretion by feedback mechanism in our body.
Or
27. Using the adjoining circuit, current and potential difference are measured and plotted in a
graph.
(c) Sweet
(d) Salty
(c) Brown
(d) Yellow
(c) Hydrilla
(c) Coulomb
(d) Ohm
34. When physical conditions remain the same, the electric current flowing through a conductor
is directly proportional to the potential difference. This law is called:
(a) Ohms law
(b) Amperes law
(c) Coulombs law (d) Joules law
35. Which of the following correctly describes the magnetic field near a long straight wire:
(a) The field consists of straight lines perpendicular to the wire.
(b) The field consists of straight lines parrallel to the wire.
(c) The field consists of radial lines originating from the wire.
(d) The field consists of concentric circles centred on the wire.
36. Which of the following are exothermic processes:
(i) Reaction of water with quicklime.
(ii) Dilution of an acid.
(iii) Evaporation of water.
(iv) Sublimation of camphor (crystals).
(a) (i) & (ii)
(b) (ii) & (iii)
(c) (i) & (iv)
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Calcium Oxide reacts with water to form Calcium hydroxide. What type of chemical reaction is
it?
Name the type of blood vessels which carry blood from organs to the heart.
Should the heating element of an electric iron be made of iron, silver or nichrome wire?
How is Plaster of Paris is different from gypsum? How may they be interconverted? Write one
use of Plaster of Paris.
What is phytohormone? Name any two phytohormone.
Differentiate between short circuiting and overloading of electric circuits. How does a fuse
protect an electric circuit.
Perform an activity to show that burning of sulphur in air is a combination reaction.
What are the differences between Displacement and Double displacement reactions? Write
examples also.
One day Luckys mother after taking meal felt pain and irritation in her stomach. His father was
out of station. He was an intelligent boy, He remembered his teachers statement and gave her
mother some baking soda solution, which gave her a relief from pain and irritation of stomach.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(i) Which information given by the teacher help him to select the baking soda as remedy?
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23. (a) Two identical resistors each of resistance 10 are connected in (i) series, (ii) parallel to a
6 V battery.
Calculate the ratio of power consumed in the combination of resistors in two cases.
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of the two-cases.
Or
Given that R1 = 10 , R2 = 40 , R3 = 30 , R4 = 20 and RA is the parallel combination of R1
and R2 whereas R3 is the parallel combination of R3 and R4. Combination RA is connected to the
positive terminal of 12 V battery while combination RB is connected to the negative terminal.
Ammeter A is connected between the resistor RA and RB.
(a) Find RA and RB. Also calculate total resistance in the circuit.
(b) Draw the circuit diagram showing above combinations connected to battery and ammeter.
24. (a) What is electromagnetic induction?
(b) Describe the various methods of producing induced current.
(c) State the rule which gives the direction of induced current.
Or
(a) Name the scientist who discovered that a moving magnet can be used to number of turns
are wound over a cardboard cylinder. Coil 1 is connected to battery and a plug key. Coil 2 is
connected to a galvanometer. How will the galvanometer reading change when:
(i)
Key is plugged in and
(ii)
Key is taken out.
Give reason for your answer.
(b) Name and state the rule used for determination of direction of induced current due to a
changing magnetic field and give one practical application of this phenomenon in everyday
life.
SECTION B
25. (a) A gas is neither combustible nor supporter of combustion, turn moist blue litmus paper
red, used in cold drinks. Identify this gas.
(b) Justify your answer also.
26. (i) To set up the experiment to show that light is necessary for photosynthesis, experimental
leaves should be taken for use from:
(a) Any flowering plant
(b) Newly emerged sapling
(c) Destarched potted plant
(d) Healthy plant growing on the plant
(ii) Give reason.
27. The current flowing through a conductor and the potential difference across its two ends are
as per readings of the ammeter and the voltmeter shown in the figure. Calculate the resistance
of the conductor
(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV
30. Four gas jar filled with sulphur dioxide gas were inverted into troughts of water by four
students and the following observations and inference were reported:
I. Water did not enter the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is insoluble in water.
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II.
A small amount of water entered the gas jar slowly and sulphur dioxide is sparingly
soluble in water.
III. Water rushed into the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is highly in water.
IV. Water did not enter the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is soluble in water.
For the two students, the value of emf used by student (A) and the resistance due to the
rheostat used by the student (B), will each be minimum when the contact J is in the position:
(a) (iv) in both the set ups.
(b) (i) in both the set ups.
(c) (iv) in set up (A) and (i) in set up (B)
(d) (i) in set up (A) and (iv) in set up (B)
34. An ammeter has 20 divisions between mark 0 and mark 2 on its scale. The least count of the
ammeter is:
(a) 0.02 A
(b) 0.01 A
(c) 0.2 A
(d) 0.1 A
35. Which one of the following forms of energy leads to least environmental pollution in the
process of its harnessing and utilization:
(a) Nuclear energy
(b) Thermal energy (c) Solar energy
(d) Geothermal energy
36. Commercial electric motors do not use:
(a) an electromagnet to rotate the armature.
(b) effectively large number of turns of conducting wire in the current carrying coil.
(c) a permanent magnet to rotate the armature.
(d) a soft iron core on which the coil is wound.
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What happen when Ferrous Sulphate is heated strongly? Give the chemical reaction for the
change.
Name the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs.
Define the term resistivity of a material.
What are alkalies? Give one example of alkalies.
Mention the receptors for light and sound in animals.
Define S.I. unit of magnetic field. Under what condition does a moving charge experience:
(i) maximum force
(ii) minimum force
Perform an activity to show decomposition reaction of calcium carbonate.
8.
Write the differences between Combination and Decomposition reactions. Write an equation of
each type also.
9.
10. Shashi bought new silver anklets. After a month she found that the anklets turn black. She has
doubt that it is not of pure silver but her neighbor Rakhi advised her that it is of pure silver and
wash it with tamarind or lemon juice to get the luster back. She followed the advice and get the
luster of her anklet back.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) Do you think that the anklets are not of pure silver?
(b) Why these turn black after sometime?
(c) Why the anklets become lustrous on washing with tamarind or lemon juice?
(d) What values are exhibited by Rakhi?
[Value Based Question]
11. Give reasons:
(a) Silicon is counted among metalloids.
(b) Carbon is not used for making aluminium from aluminium oxide.
(c) For making hydrogen by reaction with hydrochloric acid, granulated zinc is preferred to a
block of zinc.
12. List three points of distinction between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
13. Give three points of difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.
14. What is the difference between sensory and motor neuron? Which parts of human brain are
responsible for auditory reception and sensation of smell?
15. Two electric lamps of 100 W and 25 W respectively are connected in parallel to a supply
voltage of 200 V. Calculate the total current flowing through the circuit..
16. (a) What is overloading? Why does a fuse wire melt on overloading?
(b) Why does short-circuit lead to the fuse wire burning?
17. Compare and contrast Biomass and Hydroelectricity as source of energy.
18. What are the qualities of an ideal source of energy?
19. Complete and balance the following reactions:
(i)
Cu + AgNO3
(ii)
Na + H2O
electrolysis
(iv) H2O
(v)
N2 + H2
Or
(a) What is meant by photodecomposition reaction? Give one example.
(b) A solution of substance X is used for testing carbon dioxide. Identify X. What will be the
reaction with carbon dioxide? Write balanced equation for the reaction.
(c) What happen when copper metal is added to silver nitrate solution? Give balanced
equation for the chemical reaction taking place? Predict which is more reactive, copper or
zinc?
(d) Give an example of decomposition reaction carried out with the help of electricity.
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(b) How many 176 resistors in parallel are required to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
(c) Define electric power. Derive relation between power, potential difference and resistance.
Section B
25. (a) When Al metal reacts with dil. HCl, the gas evolved is neutral towards litmus, burns
Calculate the readings of the each voltmeter, for the three students.
28. The following pair of substances are available in the laboratory:
I. Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
II. Zinc and dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
III. Sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which of these can be used to produce a colourless gas which gives a pop sound on burning:
(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) I and II
(d) I and III
29. Which two equipments would you choose to prepare and collect Sulphur oxide gas in the
laboratory:
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(a) I and IV
(c) II and IV
30. Two different set ups for collection of sulphur dioxide gas in the laboratory were shown and
the students A, B, C and D were asked to choose the correct set up and justify their selection.
They reported the following:
A. II is correct as sulphur dioxide is heavier than air.
B. I is correct as sulphur dioxide is lighter than air.
C. II is correct as sulphur dioxide is lighter than air.
D. I is correct as sulphur dioxide heavier than air.
(d) D
31. Using the same number of given germinating gram seeds, two students A and B set up the
experiment separately. Student A is used a cotton plug to hold the bent tube in the mouth of
the flask. Student B used a rubber cork.
(a) R1 and R3
(b) R1 and R2
(c) R2 and R3
35. Ocean thermal energy is due to:
(a) energy stored by waves in the ocean.
(b) temperature difference at different levels in the ocean.
(c) pressure difference at different levels in the ocean.
(d) tides arising out in the ocean.
36. A uniform magnetic field exists in the plane of paper pointing from left ot right as shown in
figure. In the field an electron and a proton move as shown. The electron and the proton
experience:
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
What happen when Copper metal is dipped in Silver Nitrate solution? Give the balanced
chemical equation for the change.
Name the mode of nutrition in Amoeba.
A wire of uniform area of cross-section is stretched to four times its original length. By what
factor does its resistivity change?
Sulphuric acid is a dibasic acid. Write two reaction equations to justify this statement and
name the reaction products in the two cases.
How does control and coordination take place in plants?
State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction. Express it mathematically.
Perform an activity to show that reaction between barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride
is an exothermic or endothermic reaction.
What is redox reaction? Give two examples from everyday life situations where redox
reactions are taking place.
How did Arrhenius define acids and bases? Choose a strong acid and a weak base from the
following substances:
CH3COOH, NH4OH, HCl, KOH
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10. Give chemical equations to show the reactions taking place when:
(a) Zinc carbonate is calcined.
(b) Carbon di-oxide gas is bubbled into limewater for a long time.
11. (a) Explain what corrosion of iron means.
(b) Why is that aluminium which is more reactive than iron does not corrode like iron?
(c) How is corrosion of iron prevented by coating it with a layer of oil?
12. How do each of the following factors affect the productivity in the process of photosynthesis.
(a) Temperature
(b) Water
(c) Carbon dioxide
13. What happens to Glucose, which enters the nephron along with filtrate during excretion in
human being? State two vital functions of kidney.
14. Sohan went to his town, Agra, 200 km away from Delhi with his father in a car. On the way
there was lot of traffic jam. Sohan, after reaching his town, felt nauseated and had a headache
because he had inhaled lots of toxic polluted gases.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) Which system/part of his body has been affected?
(b) What steps could be taken to reduce air pollution?
(c) What values are exhibited by people?
[Value Based Question]
15. Two identical resistors, each of resistance of 2 ohm, are connected in turns
(i)
in series and
in parallel to a battery of 12 volts.
(ii)
Calculate the ratio of power consumed in two cases.
16. What is a commutator? How does it bring direct current? Show the output potential of an AC
and DC generator.
17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a Solar cooker? Are there places where
solar cookers would have limited utility?
18. If energy in the universe is constant, why is the world yelling out for energy crisis? What does
judicious use of energy imply?
19. Compound A when dissolved in water gives compound B and liberates heat. Compound A is
used in whitewashing. Compound B reacts with CO2 to form a white precipitate of compound C.
Identify compounds A, B and C. Also write the equations involved.
Or
(a) In the electrolysis of water,
(i) Name the gas collected at the cathode and anode.
(ii) Why is the volume of gas collected at one electrode double the other?
(iii) Why is a few drops of dil. H2SO4 added to the water?
(b) What change will you observe if white silver chloride is placed in sunlight? Write an
equation for the reaction and the type of the reaction.
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20. A metal X is found in form of filings which burn vigorously when sprinkled on flame. When
these filings are heated with sulphur, a black coloured compound Y is formed which is not
attracted by magnet. X reacts with dil. HCl to liberate hydrogen gas. X reacts with steam to
form Z along with hydrogen gas. Identify X, Y and Z and write the chemical reactions involved.
Or
A reddish brown metal X on heating forms a black coating of oxide Y on its surface. The metal
does not react with dil. HCl and dil. H2SO4. It reacts with hot conc. H2SO4 to give a pungent
smelling gas similar to that produced by burning matchstick. The metal oxide reacts with dil.
H2SO4 to form a blue solution Z. Identify X, Y, Z and write chemical reactions involved. The
metal reacts with dil. HNO3 to liberate colourless and odourless gas A and write conc. HNO3 it
liberates a brown gas B. Identify A and B also.
21. How does the major nutrient in chapattis eaten by you in your food get digested and finally
absorbed by the alimentary canal?
Or
How does the butter in your food get digested and absorbed in the body? Explain in detail.
22. (a) Draw a neat labelled diagram of an AC generator.
(b) Write the use of (i) Slip rings, (ii) Brushes and (iii) Armature in an AC generator.
Or
(a) What is an electromagnetic induction? Write the rule that is used to find the direction of
induced current.
(b) Explain how the movement of a magnet towards or away from a coil carrying a
galvanometer produces current.
23. What are magnetic field lines? How is the direction of a magnetic field at a point determined?
Draw the magnetic field lines (including field directions) of the magnetic field due to a circular
coil of current. Name any two factors on which the magnitude of the magnetic field due to this
coil depends.
Or
Find the equivalent resistance across the two ends A and B of the circuit given below:
28. Which one of the following set ups is the most appropriate for the evolution of hydrogen gas
and its identification:
(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV
(c) colourless
(d) Blue
(a) A1
(b) A2
(c) A3
(c) A4
Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
(i) Why do chips remain fresh for a longer time in a sealed packet?
(ii) Why did chips of an open packet become rancid?
(iii) What value do you learn from this passage?
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. Consider the chemical equation given below and answer the questions that follow:
Heat
CuO + H2
Cu + H2O
(a) Name the substance which is getting oxidized.
(b) Name the substance which is getting reduced.
(c) Name the oxidizing agent.
(d) Name the reducing agent.
(e) What type of a reaction does this equation represent?
Or
(a) What do you mean by precipitation reactions? Explain with examples.
(b) Grapes hanging on the plant do not ferment but after being plucked from the plant can be
fermented. Under what conditions do these grapes ferment? It is a chemical or a physical
change?
20. (i) Given below are the steps for the extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reaction
involved.
(a) Roasting of Copper (I) sulphide
(b) Reduction of Copper (I) oxide with copper (I) sulphide
(c) Electrolytic refinfing
(ii) Draw a neat and well labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper.
Or
A metal lies in the middle of activity series. It occurs both as sulphides and carbonate.
(a) Identify the metal.
(b) How can one extract this metal from its ore?
21. Briefly describe the mechanism of urine formation.
Or
(i) State differences between artery, vein and capillary.
(ii) Write a note on lymphatic system in human beings stating two major functions of lymph.
22. (a) How can we magnetize a material? Give the character of magnetic materials used.
(b) Does a current carrying conductor experience a force when placed in a magnetic field? Give
two applications of this.
(c) Why does a rectangular coil carrying current rotate in a magnetic field?
Or
(a) Explain how Oersted explained the formation of magnetic field in its surround?
(b) What are magnetic poles? How can you identify them?
(c) How can we demonstrate the formation of magnetic field surrounding a magnet?
23. (a) Define kilowatt hour (kWh). Which quantity is measured in kWh?
(b) Figure shows a battery of 12 V supplying power to two lams.
The total power supplied is 150 W when both lamps are on.
(i) Calculate the current supplied by the battery when both lamps are on.
(ii) The current in lamp L2 is 5.0 A.
Calculate the current in lamp L1, the power of lamp L1, the resistance of lamp L1.
Or
(a) Draw a schematic diagram showing common domestic circuit.
(b) State the function of an earth wire. Why is it necessary to earth metallic appliances such as
an electric iron?
24. Figure shows a circuit containing a battery, three resistors and an ammeter.
(a) (i) Write down the equation for the effective resistance RP of two resistors of resistances
R1 and R2 connected in parallel.
(ii) Use this equation to calculate the effective resistance of the two resistors in parallel in
figure.
(b) A voltmeter is to be used to measure the potential difference across the resistors in
parallel.
(i) On figure draw the voltmeter in position in the circuit, using the correct circuit symbol.
(ii) The ammeter reads 1.6 A. Calculate the reading on the voltmeter.
(c) State what happens to the ammeter reading if the 1 resistor is replaced by a 3 resistor.
Or
Two resistors with resistance of 10 and 15 are connected to a battery of 12 V so as to
obtain and measure (i) minimum electric current (ii) maximum electric current.
(a) State the mode of connecting the resistors in each case with the help of a circuit diagram.
(b) Calculate the strength of total electric current in the circuit in each case.
Section B
25. A student added dilute NaOH to a test tube containing Zinc granules and heated the contents.
(a) What changes will be observed?
(b) Justify your answer.
26. After performing the experiment to show that germinating seeds give out carbon dioxide
during respiration, students drew the following diagrams.
(a) What will be the position of contact J, when for the two students, the readings of ammeter
and voltmeter will be maximum?
(b) Justify your answer.
28. Four set ups given below were arranged to identify the gas evolved when dilute Hydrochloric
acid was added to Zinc granules. The most appropriate set up is:
(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV
29. Some crystals of copper sulphate were dissolved in water. The colour of solution obtained
would be:
(a) green
(b) red
(c) blue
(d) brown
30. When an aluminium strip is kept immersed in freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution taken
in a test tube, the change which is observed is:
(a) The green solution slowly turns brown.
(b) The lower end of the test tube becomes slightly warm.
(c) A colourless gas with smell of burning sulphur is observed.
(d) Light green solution changes to blue.
31. Synapse is bringing together of:
(a) two veins
(b) two venules
(c) two neurons
(d) two arteries
32. Depression in retina, which has cones only, is:
(a) fenestra ovails
(b) blind spot
(c) fenestra rotunda (d) fovea centrails
33. The ammeter showing equal current in the following circuit are:
(a) A1 and A2
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(b) A3 and A4
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
(a) C
(b) B
(c) A
(d) A and C
36. A constant current flows in a horizontal wire in the plane of the paper from east to west as
shown in figure. The direction of magnetic field at a point will be north to south: