Recent developments on Active Flow control

Active flow control in plane poiseuille flow through wall shear stress sensing &
actuation through synthetic jet has become a standard benchmark methodology
in this area of research. A systems theory approach is proposed by Joshi, Speyer
& Kim (1997) [1] in order to stabilize the disturbances in plane poiseuille flow.
Their work is further continued in [2], where LQG control design was applied in
order to obtain optimal controller for reduced order model. Cortelezzi & Speyer
(1998) [4] proposed streamfunction formulation of Navier stokes equation
through LQG/LTR. Cortelezzi, Lee, Kim & Speyer (1998) [3] also reported the
remarkable result of 50% drag reduction. Kang, Ryder, Cortelezzi & Speyer
(1999) [5] presented a reduced order model of 3D perturbation at a single
wavenumber pair and a LQG control design was synthesised. Moreover drag
reduction by means of body force such as electromagnetic force was suggested
by Baker, Armaou & Christofides (2000) [6]. A nonlinear control attempt was
also presented by Christofides & Armaou (1999) [7], where Galerkins method
was used to derive a reduced order model of a full nonlinear Navier stokes
equation. Bewley & Liu (1998) [8] studied LQG and Hinfinity control theories,
applied to a linearized 3D channel flow. Bewley, Moin & Temam (2001) [9]
achieved the relaminarization of turbulent channel flow. A pair of
suction/blowing slots are proposed by Park, Ladd & Hendricks (1994) [10] on
cylinder wall, through which vortex shedding were suppressed using
proportional feedback controller. Active flow control in combustion systems is
also looked by Annaswamy & Ghoniem (1995) [11]. In later years, study of
feedback boundary control of mixing layers were done by Aamo, Krstic & Bewley
(2003) [12]. Hogberg & Henningson (2002) [13] presented the linear optimal
control in spatially developing boundary layers. Further Hoepffner, Chevalier,
Bewley & Henningson (2006) [14] studied the linear feedback control of

transition in shear flows. The scope of active flow control is extended to

turbulent flow control also, as presented by Moin & Bewley (1994) [15]. Kim
(2003) [16] proposed the control of turbulent boundary layers as well. Another
flow control approach through the minimization of transient energy growth was
proposed by Whidborne, McKernan & Papadakis (2004) [17]. A detailed tutorial
of flow control design through linear state space approach is also shown by
Whidborne, McKernan & Papadakis (2006) [18]. Experimental study by C.M.Ho
& Y.C.Tai (1996) [19] through Micro scale sensors and actuators termed as
Micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) devices are also in developing phase.
Experimental flow control over cavity is studied by Caraballo, Little, Debiasi, &
Samimy (2007) [20] and Debiasi, Yuan, Little, zbay, & Samimy (2006) [21].

References
[1] S. S. Joshi, J. L. Speyer and J. Kim, A systems theory approach to the feedback stabilization
of infinitesimal and finite amplitude disturbances in plane poiseuille flow. Journal of fluid
mechanics, vol.332, pp.157-184, 1997.
[2] S. S. Joshi, J. L. Speyer and J. Kim, Finite dimensional optimal control of poiseuille flow,
Journal of guidance, control and dynamics, vol.22, no.2, pp.340-348, 1999.
[3] L. Cortelezzi, K.H.Lee, J.Kim and J. L. Speyer, Skin friction drag reduction via robust
reduced order linear feedback control,Int. J. computational fluid dynamics, vol.8, no.1-2,
pp.79-92, 1998.
[4] L. Cortelezzi and J. L. Speyer, Robust reduced order controller of laminar boundary layer
transition, Physical review E, vol. 58, no-2, 1998.

[5] S.M.Kang, V.Ryder, L. Cortelezzi and J. L. Speyer, State space formulation and controller
design for three dimensional channel flows, Proceedings of the American control
conference, san diego, California, 1999.
[6] J.Baker, A. Armaou and P.D. Christofides, Drag reduction in incompressible channel flow
using electromagnetic forcing, Proceedings of the American control conference, Chicago,
Illinois, USA, 2000.
[7] P.D. Christofides and A. Armaou, Nonlinear control of Navier stokes equation,
Proceedings of the American control conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1998.
[8] T.R.Bewley and S.Liu, Optimal and robust control and estimation of linear paths to
transition, Journal of fluid mechanics, vol.365, pp. 3009-3033, 1998.
[9] T.R.Bewley, P.Moin and R.Temam, DNS based predictive control of turbulence: an
optimal benchmark for feedback algorithm, Journal of fluid mechanics, vol.447, pp. 179-225,
2001.
[10] D.S.Park, D.M.Ladd and E.W.Hendricks, Feedback control of von karman vortex
shedding behind a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers, Physics of fluids, vol.6, no.7,
pp.2390-2405, 1994.
[11] Am.Annaswamy and A.F.Ghoniem, Active flow control in combustion systems, IEEE
control systems, vol.15, no.6, pp.49-63, 1995.
[12] O.M.Aamo, M.Krstic and T.R.Bewley, Control of mixing by boundary feedback in 2D
channel flow, Automatica 39(9):1597-1606, 2003.
[13] M.Hogberg and D.S.Henningson, Linear optimal control applied to instabilities in
spatially developing boundary layers, Journal of fluid mechanics 470, pp.151-179, 2002.
[14] J.Hoepffner, J.Chevalier, T.R.Bewley and D.S.Henningson, Linear feedback control of
transition in shear flows,Fluid mechanics and its applications, springer, pp.213-281, 2006.
[15] P.Moin and T.R.Bewley,Feedback control of turbulence, Applied mechanical review
24(6), pp.3-13, 1994.
[16] J.Kim, Control of turbulent boundary layers, Physics of fluids 15(5), pp. 1093-1105,
2003.

[17] J. Mckernan, G. Papadakis, J. F. Whidbourne, Minimization of maximum transient

growth, Proc. UKACC International conference control, bath, UK, 2004
[18] J. Mckernan, G. Papadakis, J. F. Whidbourne, A linear state-space representation of
plane poiseuille flow for control design- A tutorial, International journal of modelling,
identification and control. Vol-1, pp. 271-280, 2006.
[19] C.M.Ho and Y.C.Tai, Review: MEMS and its application for flow control, Journal of fluid
engineering, vol.118, pp.579-612, 1998.
[20] Caraballo, E., Little, J., Debiasi, M., and Samimy, M., Development and Implementation
of an Experimental-Based Reduced-Order Model for Feedback Control of Subsonic Cavity
Flows, Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 129, pp. 813-824, July 2007.
[21] Yan. P., Debiasi, M., Yuan, X., Little, J., zbay, H., and Samimy, M., Experimental Study
of Linear Closed-Loop Control of Subsonic Cavity Flow, AIAA Journal, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 929938, May 2006.