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DOCUMENT TITLE
DOCUMENT NO

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HVAC Basis of Design

SYME-HVBASC-ENHV-BSDE-0001-B02

SHEET NO. : REV.:

1 of 16
B02

HVAC Basis of Design

B02

15-Dec.-2013

Issued For Design

Sh.A/A.F

A.A

A.B.

B01

15-Sep.-2013

Issue For Comment

Sh.A/A.F

A.A

A.B.

Rev.

Date

Description

Prepared

Checked

Approved
SAZ. POI :

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Table of Contents
1. Purpose..................................................................................................................... 4
2. Definitions ................................................................................................................. 4
2.1

Abbreviations: ............................................................................................................... 4

3. Applicable Documents .............................................................................................. 5

3.1

Reference documents .................................................................................................. 5

3.2

Codes and Standards ................................................................................................... 5

3.3

Order of Precedence .................................................................................................... 6

4. Overview ................................................................................................................... 6
5. General Requirements .............................................................................................. 7
5.1

Units ............................................................................................................................. 7

5.2

Site Location and Conditions ........................................................................................ 7

5.3

Environmental Conditions ............................................................................................. 8

5.4

HVAC Conditions .......................................................................................................... 8

6. Procedure ............................................................................................................... 10
6.1

Fresh Air Renewal Rates ............................................................................................ 10

6.2

Pressurization Requirements ..................................................................................... 10

6.3

Air Filtration Efficiency ................................................................................................ 10

6.4

Noise Level ................................................................................................................. 11

6.5

Heat Gains .................................................................................................................. 12

6.6

Calculations ................................................................................................................ 13

6.7

Ductwork Calculation .................................................................................................. 14

6.8

Equipment Installed Capacity and Stand-By .............................................................. 15

6.9

Hazardous Areas ........................................................................................................ 16

6.10

Electrical Power Supplies ........................................................................................... 16

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1. Purpose
The purpose of this specification is to define the minimum requirement and basis of design
of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems (HVAC) of Control/LCR building in
South Yaran Petroleum Filed Development project in order to:

Maintain the required comfort conditions (i.e. temperature, humidity, air quality) for
personnel.

Create a satisfactory controlled environment for essential and non essential

electrical equipment, and Instrumentation equipment installed in the buildings.

Provide the minimum fresh air quantity for persons in mechanically ventilated areas,

To extract when necessary, fumes and products produced by equipment (battery

rooms, pantry, toilets etc).

Maintain the overpressure inside the building when required.

The content of this specification shall be adopted by the Contractor and further
development during detail design to cover the particular requirements of the project, taking
into account that this specification describes the minimum requirements.
Any deviation from this specification, at any stage of the project shall be clearly stated by
the Contractor for approval by the Company. Any deviation from this specification shall be
approved by the Company in written form; otherwise the equipment will be rejected.

2. Definitions
Within this document the following definitions shall apply:

B02

2.1

Owner

: National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)

Client

: Petroleum Engineering and development Co. (PEDEC)

Consulting Engineer

: Sazeh Consultants

Project

: South Yaran Petroleum Filed Development (Basic Engineering)

Location

: Khuzestan Province-120Km west of AHWAZ

Approved

: Approved by Client

Abbreviations:
ACH:

Air changes per hour, outdoor air

N.C.:

Not Controlled

OP:

Over Pressure

SA:

Supply Air

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3. Applicable Documents
3.1

Reference documents
The following reference documents shall apply for the HVAC design, supply installation,
testing and commissioning:
General:

South Yaran Process Design Basis(SYME-PRBASC-ENPS-BSDE-9005)

HVAC:

HVAC Design Philosophy (SYME-HVBASC-ENHV-PHDS-0001)

Specification For HVAC Equipment (SYME-HVBASC-ENHV-SPEQ-0001)

Electrical:

Electrical design criteria (SYME-ELBASC-ENEL-CIDE-0001)

Safety:

3.2

Fire&Safety,DesignCriteria(SYMESABASCENSACIDE0001)

Codes and Standards

The following codes and standards including their latest addenda shall be followed
unless specified otherwise.

International Codes & Standards:

ASHRAE :

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR

CONDITIONING ENGINEERS
ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals-2005
ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Applications-2007
ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Systems and Equipment-2008
ASHRAE Handbook Refrigeration Systems and Applications-2006

SMACNA :

SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
HVAC Duct Construction Standards Metal and Flexible-2005
HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual -1985
Rectangular Industrial Duct Construction Standards-2004
HVAC Systems-Duct Design-2004

NFPA

NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION

90-A:Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating
Systems-2002

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AMCA

AIR MOVEMENT & CONTROL ASSOCIATION

AHRI

AMERICAN HEATING AND REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE

AFI

AIR FILTERING INSTITUTE

ADC

AIR DIFFUSION COUNCIL

ASME

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

NPC

NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE

SHEET NO. : REV.:

6 of 16
B02

Local Codes & Standards:

INBC

: IRANIAN NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

Chapter 14 (Heating Cooling and Air Conditioning Systems)
Chapter 16 (Plumbing Systems )
Chapter 19 (Energy Conservation in buildings)

IPS
3.3

: IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARD

Order of Precedence
a) HVAC Drawing
b) This Specification
c) Project Specifications
d) International/Nation Standards
e) Referenced Industry Codes and Standards or other National Standards

4. Overview
South Yaran oil field is located in Kuzestan province 120KM west of Ahwaz with 20Km
length and 2.5Km width at south part of Yaran oil field.
24 No wells considered at this area consisting of 14 No Sarvak wells, 8 No Fahlian &
Gadvan wells and 2 No appraisal wells for sarvak and fahlian & Gadvan layers with total
estimated output between 50,000 to 60,000 STB/Day.
Flow of wells is transferred to the 2 phase separation unit (Cluster) for separation of gas
from liquids and dehydrating of gas.
The dehydrated gas is transferred to NGL 3200 and the liquids are transferred to Karoon
production plant for further processing.

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5. General Requirements
5.1

Units
The SI metric system of measurement shall be used in the design of the PLANT except
for pipe and pipe fitting sizes, flange ratings and nozzle dimensions.

5.2

Temperature

Celsius (C)

Pressure

Pascal (Pa)

Heat rate

Watt (W)

Flow rates (Air)

Liter per second (L/s)

Flow rates( Liquid)

m3/hr

Mass Flow rates

kg/hr

Specific volume

m3/kg

Heat Transmission Coefficients(U Values)

W/sqm.C

Velocity

m/s

Dimension

mm

Duct/Damper size

cm

Elevation

Mass

kg

Site Location and Conditions

The HVAC systems shall be suitable for operation in tropical humid climatological
conditions as mentioned below:

Elevation

KhuzestanProvince-120Km
west of AHWAZ.
12 m above sea level

Longitude

47 47 E

Latitude

31 32 N

Maximum Prevailing wind speed

9.6 m/s to W

Minimum Prevailing wind speed

6.2 m/s to W

Average rainfall value

170-250mm in year

Maximum relative humidity

74%

Maximum recorded dry bulb temperature

50C

Location

Minimum recorded dry bulb temperature

0C

Max temperature reached in the sunshine for black exposed surface

85C

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Environmental Conditions
Any special condition according to South Yaran Process Design Basis should be
considered in the design.

5.4

HVAC Conditions

5.4.1

External Psychrometric Conditions

Summer design dry bulb temperature

48C

Summer coincident wet bulb temperature

27.7C

Summer design relative humidity

21.5%

Summer daily temperature range

25C

Winter design dry bulb temperature

3.3C

Winter coincident wet bulb temperature

2.4C
86.5%

Winter design relative humidity

All HVAC systems shall be designed to meet the above conditions and include
durable protection coating to withstand the industrial and saline atmosphere
conditions.

Air cooled condensing units or air cooled packaged unit installed outdoor shall be
designed with an external air temperature of 46.2C.

All equipment installed outdoor and exposed to direct sunlight shall be designed
for environment atmosphere conditions and direct sun exposure of 85C (touch
temperature)

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Internal Psychrometric Design Conditions

Design Conditions

Min. Exhaust
Air

Room
Pressure(Pa)

MIN. Fresh Air

Control Room

24 1

22 1

30/60

0.6

+50

Telecom Room/Permit Room

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

Instrument Technical Room( ITR)

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

Shift Supervisor

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

Printer room

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

Electrical /Instrument Office

24 1

22 1

30/60

10

+50

Electrical /Instrument Workshop

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

Engineers Room

24 1

22 1

30/60

10

+50

Battery Room

24 1

22 1

60

10ACH

+50(1), (2)

PDCS Room

24 1

22 1

30/60

+50

MV/LV Switch Gear Room

27 2

22 1

30/60

+50

N.C.

N.C.

N.C.

2ACH

(1)

Pantry

24 1

22 1

60

10ACH

Negative (1)

Lavatory

24 1

22 1

60

10ACH

Negative (1)

Storage

N.C.

N.C.

N.C.

0.6

2ACH

HVAC Room

20/30

22 1

60

1ACH

+50(1)

B02

Space

Hot
Season
(oC)

Cold
Season
(oC)

All
Season
(%)

ACH

L/s Per
Person

L/s/m2

Remarks

Inside psychrometric conditions and pressurization for rooms are listed in Table 5.4.2
below:

Control Building

Cable Gallery

Note:
1. Air shall be 100% exhausted from this space
2. Overpressure positive with respect to outdoor but negative with respect to adjacent rooms
3. Inside temperature in rooms is at 1.5 m from the floor.
4. HVAC air velocity at 1.2m from the floor shall not exceed 0.15 m/s.

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Un
manned
Un
manned
Un
manned
Un
manned

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manned

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6. Procedure
6.1

Fresh Air Renewal Rates

Fresh air flow in mechanically ventilated areas shall be designed in order to:

6.2

Provide minimum fresh air renewal rate requirements

Maintain the overpressure when required

Compensate for specific exhaust if any battery rooms, kitchen (hood extract),
toilets, lockers, laboratory and sanitary premises.

Minimum fresh air requirements are indicated in Table 5.4.2.

In all cases, these volumes of air renewal shall ensure at least 36 m/h of air per
person present in the area.

Pressurization Requirements
The volume of fresh air shall be sufficient to ensure, when doors are closed, the room
over pressure indicated in table 5.4.2.

6.3

Air Filtration Efficiency

Where filters are specified in terms of a Filter Class, this relates to average atmospheric
dust spot efficiency or average synthetic dust weight arrestance in accordance with BS
EN 779. The grade for any particular class of filter applies to air volume; dust holding
capacity.
Filters shall be selected to effectively filter all fresh air into building and all re-circulated
air. The following filter classes shall apply:
Filter
Group

Filter
Class

Average Synthetic Dust

Weight Arrestance (Am%)

G1

Coarse*
(G)

Fine
(F)

Average Atmospheric
Dust Spot Efficiency (Em%)

< 65

G2

> 65

< 80

G3

> 80

< 90

G4

> 90

F5

40 <Em

< 60

F6

60 <Em

< 80

F7

80 <Em

< 90

F8

90 <Em

< 95

F9

95 <Em

* Initial dust spot efficiency (EA) <20%

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Fresh Air Filtration Requirements

Outdoor air intakes in the vicinity of operating process areas shall be continuously
monitored for the presence of toxic or flammable gases. The HVAC control system shall
shut the outdoor air dampers in response to an outdoor gas detection signal.
As a result of dust storms, heavy-duty filters shall be required for outdoor air intakes.
Sand trap louvers with drop boxes shall be provided upstream of filters and outdoor air
intakes to remove the bulk of the large particles.
Sand trap louvers shall have minimum %90 efficiency for particles from 150 to 700 m at
1 m/s.

6.3.2

Fresh inlets and outlets shall be fitted with sand trap louvers.

The efficiency of the sand trap louvers shall be:

For sand size of 350.700 90% with 1m/s air velocity

For sand size of 75.700 80% with 1m/s air velocity

Re-Circulated Air Filtration Requirements

Minimum filtration efficiency shall be as follows:

Filter
Stage

Filter Type

Pre
Filters

Aluminum washable type filter are installed inside

mixing-box in Flat, V or W type arrangement

80-85% efficiency arrestance.

Pleated Panel Filter

25-30% dust spot efficiency (EU 4)-G4

Bag Filter

90-95% dust spot efficiency (EU 9)-F9

Final
Filter
Chemical
Filter

6.4

Efficiency

If required, based on project environmental data

Dust filter efficiency arrestance ratings and dust spot efficiencies are based on
ASHRAE Standard 52.1.

Each filter assembly shall have a 100mm diameter magnahelic gauges. These
gauges shall be calibrated in Pa (Pascal) with indication markers in Green and
Red to indicate the clean and filter pressure drops.

Noise Level
The maximum sound pressure levels generated by HVAC systems at 1m above the floor
and at 1m horizontal distance from any equipment or air intake / outlet when all systems
are in operation shall be in accordance the following table.

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Area Description

Maximum Allowable
Sound Pressure
Level (dB(A))

HVAC Rooms
Battery rooms
Instrument technical rooms and others technical rooms without occupancy
Instrument rooms and others technical rooms with occupancy (Control rooms)
Control room
Offices
Pantry
Lavatory

85 dB(A)
60 dB(A)
60 dB(A)
50 dB(A)
50 dB(A)
45 dB(A)
60 dB(A)
55 dB(A)

Should the noise generated by equipment exceed the specified above, the
Contractor provides suitable sound insulation to achieve the level required.

Anti-vibration mounting shall be provided to isolate all equipment from the

structure and flexible connections shall be provided between rotating equipment
and ductwork ,pipework.

6.5

Heat Gains

6.5.1

Heat Gains from Lighting

6.5.2

Technical Rooms:

20 W/m

Other Rooms:

10 W/m

Heat Gains from People

Sensible Heat:

71 W/person

Latent Heat:

60 W/person

The number of persons for manned rooms shall be based on 1 person/8m2

6.5.3

Estimated Heat Gains from Equipment

The heat gains indicated hereafter are indicative only. They shall be recalculated during
detail design by Contractor for the HVAC Design.
Control Building/LCR
Central Control Room (CCR)/ITR:

233 w/m2

Switchgear Room:
Engineer Room:

95 w/m2
5 kW

Battery Room:

2 kW

Offices:

0.5 kW/each

Miscellaneous: Temperature elevation due to HVAC fan motors shall be considered.

Note: Heat gain from all equipment including electrical equipment shall be check and
confirmed by electrical department during detail design.
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6.6

Calculations

6.6.1

Structural heat transmission Coefficients (U values)

The heat transmission coefficients shall be calculated according to ASHRAE calculation
method and architectural specification. Heat transmission coefficients at walls, roofs with
adequate thermal insulation will be considered as a basis for cooling & heating loads
calculations. Heat transfer coefficient will be extract from public material property which
has been issued by public reference such as Iran construction national regulations, 19th
issue.
The values given below are the minimum U values to be used for heating and cooling
loads calculation of air-conditioned areas shall be:
External insulated walls
External non insulated walls
Roof (with insulation)
Windows
Doors
Floor (without insulation)
Slab
Color of buildings medium

6.6.2

0.35
2.2
0.3
2
4
2
1.75

W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C
W/sqm.C

All mentioned values are the minimum accepted value and the exact value for U
value shall be calculated from architectural detail drawing.

Heating and Cooling Loads Calculation

Calculation method shall be developed by using a computer program based on the
ASHRAE CIBSE or the supplier of CARRIER or TRANE methods.
The temperature and humidity values mentioned in Table 5.4.2. columns "design" shall
be used for the design of cooling and heating capacity of HVAC equipment.

6.6.3

Make up Air Calculation

Make-up air quantity shall take into account:

6.6.4

The minimum fresh air quantity in respect with rooms occupancy and equipment
requirements,

The exhaust air requirement,

The indoor overpressure with respect to outdoor shall conform to requirements
indicated in Table 5.4.2.

Safety Factor
For all cooling and heating calculation the following safety factor shall be considered:
Sensible cooling

10%

Latent cooling

10%

Heating

10%

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Infiltration
In the Control building/LCR which provided by central HVAC (air system type for the
purposes of heating and cooling calculations, it may be assumed that no infiltration shall
occur due to the fact that the building shall be positively pressurized inside.

6.6.6

Temperature differences between ambient and blown air

Temperature differences between ambient and blown air shall be never higher than the
following:

6.7

High induction diffusers:

12C

High induction linear grilles:

12C

Others grilles:

10C

Floor grilles:

6 - 7C

Ductwork Calculation
Calculation shall be prepared using established design methods as given in ASHRAE
Handbook Fundamentals or CIBSE, or similar approved method. Maximum allowable air
velocity in ducts shall be:
a. Unmanned Area:
Main and Branches Ducts
Supply grilles
Return or Exhaust grilles

Maximum Allowable
10 m/sec. (1968fpm)
4 m/sec. (787 fpm)
3 m/sec. (590 fpm)

b. Manned Area:
Main Ducts
Branches Ducts
Supply grilles
Return or Exhaust grilles

6 m/sec. (1181 fpm)

4 m/sec. (787 fpm)
2 m/sec. (393 fpm)
2m/sec. (393 fpm)

c. General Equipment:
Cooling coils

2.79 m/sec. (550 fpm)

Heating coils

3.81 m/sec. (750 fpm)

Exhaust Louvers

3.50 m/sec. (690 fpm)

Inlet Louvers

2.50 m/sec. (495 fpm)

Door or Wall louver (Door undercut)

Fresh air intake louver: (For dusty storm
area)
Residual air velocity at 0.5 m above floor
shall be less than

1.50 m/sec. (300 fpm)

Perforated floor diffusers

1.5 2.03 m/sec. (300 - 400 fpm)

0.1 m/s (20 fpm).
500 m/h approximately air
supply for a perforated floor
diffuser of 600mm x 600mm

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Equipment Installed Capacity and Stand-By

Standby plant and equipment shall mean that the entire unit concerned has a standby
ready to be automatically started.
Examples Include:

6.8.1

Standby Fan:

A standby fan, motor and cabinet connected to the ductwork,

with all cabling, power and controls already installed within motor
control panel.

Air Handling Units:

A packaged unit including all components such as fans, motors,

heat reclaim systems, heating and cooling coils, filters, in a
modular construction and connected to the ductwork, systems
with inter-connecting cabling, power and controls already
installed within motor control panel.

Stand-by Equipment:
In the Control Building/LCR the HVAC cooling equipment shall be duplicated
(duty/stand-by with an automatic change-over) in order to ensure continuous duty.
Building Name

B02

HVAC System

Control Building/LCR

6.8.2

Air Handling Unit:

100% Stand by

Air Cooled Condensing Unit:

100% Stand by

Exhaust Fan (Battery Room):

100% Stand by

Equipment Overcapacity:
Over capacity for HVAC equipment shall be in accordance of HVAC Equipment
Specification As follow:
Equipment type

Margin Factor

DX Cooling Coil

10%

Heating coil

10%

Compressors

10%

Fans

10%

Air Cooled Condensers coil

10%

Split Room Air conditioner package

10%

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HVAC Basis of Design

SYME-HVBASC-ENHV-BSDE-0001-B02

SHEET NO. : REV.:

16 of 16
B02

Hazardous Areas
The HVAC Electrical equipment shall satisfy to the Project requirements regarding
safety and hazardous areas (explosion proof and non sparking equipment).

6.10

Electrical Power Supplies

6.10.1 Power Characteristics

Electrical equipment shall be designed for operation under the following conditions:

400 VAC / 3 phase / 50 Hz / 4 wire / TNS system

230 VAC / 1 phase / 50 Hz / 3 wire / TNS system

24 VDC for control systems

6.10.2 Emergency Power

In the Control Building/LCR the HVAC systems shall be connected to Emergency Diesel
Generators (EDG) sets to maintain power supplies in the event normal electric power
supplies fail.

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