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Cherry Lodha
M. Tech. (Power Electronics)
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227
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2016
2.
PROBLEM
FORMULATION
METHODOLOGY:
ni
r
min f Re al ( I x2 Z x ) c
x 1
c 1
0,
1,
dis
PESS c peak
max
ch
PESS coff peak
AND
rated
cE cR EESS
min
i 1
PL
i 1 i 1
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[ ij ( PP
i j Qi Q j )
ij (Qi Pj PQ
i j )]
228
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2016
Where
ij
rij
vi v j
rij
vi v j
cos( i j )
sin( i j )
and
Pi PGi PDi
Qi QGi QDi
PGi & QGi are power injection of generators to the
bus where PDi, QDi are the loads. Qi ans Pi is active and
reactive power of the buses.
The sensitivity factor of power loss with respect to
power injection from the ESS is given by Sensitivity
factor and is evaluated at each location by using the
values obtained from the load flow. The bus with
minimum loss sensitivity factor will be best location for
the placement of ESS. The power loss against injected
power is parabolic function and at least losses, the rate
of change of loss with respect to injected power is zero.
3.21
Cost of charging/discharging
ij
9000
8000
7000
Load State
6000
5000
cost of discharging
4000
3000
cost of charging
2000
1000
0
PL
2 ii Pi 2 ( ij P ij Q j ) 0
Pi
j 1
10
Load State
j i
1 N
Pi
( P ijQ j )
ii j 1 ij j
j i
Pi PDGi PDi
at node i, and PDi is the load demand at node i. By
mixing the above terms we get. PDGi
k 1
id
pos
k 1
id
pos vel
k
id
, i 1, 2,..., n
cost of charging/dichar gi ng
7000
6000
5000
Load State
4000
c os t of dis c harging
3000
cost of charging
2000
1000
0
10
load state
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229
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2016
cost of charging/dischar gi ng
10000
9000
8000
7000
4. CONCLUSION:
This work has proposed an approach for the ESS
planning considering the system loss as an objective,
which has been solved using constriction-factor-based
PSO. The results of the proposed method have been
compared with an improved analytical method suggested
in D. Hung, et. al. in Multiple distributed generators
placement in primary distribution networks for loss
reduction, for three test systems. It is found that the
proposed method gives much better results in terms of
loss reduction. The loss analysis was followed up by the
cost analysis in which the system was evaluated for the
maximization of system arbitrage benefit and
simultaneously minimization of total system investment
so as to attain maximum total system savings.
Load State
6000
5000
REFERENCES:
c os t of dis c harging
4000
c os t of c harging
3000
2000
1000
0
1
10
load state
30000
28132.0893
26761.4285
25000
19591.6442
20000
Arbitrage Benefit
15000
10000
5000
0
Single ESS
Two ESS
No. of ESS
Three ESS
50000000
Total
Total
Total
Savings(Rs), 4459
Savings(Rs), 3888 Savings(Rs), 3879
8969
4759
4011
40000000
30000000
Total Savings
(RS) 20000000
10000000
Size(kw), 2500
Size(kw), 2021
Size(kw), 2902
0
Single ESS
Two ESS
Three ESS
No. of ESS
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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2016
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