Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation

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Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation

Translation
A transformation in which a geometric figure is moved to another location without
any change in size or orientation. Every translated figure, called the image of the
original figure, is congruent to original figure.
Example:
before translation

after translation

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

In the translation means ABC to ABC,

A
B

Point A has moved to A

Point B has moved to B
Point C has moved to C
A
AA = BB = CC and AA || BB || CC

ABC ABC
C

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

A translation has a horizontal component and a vertical component. If movement
with respect to the x-axis is l units and movement with respected to the y-axis is m
units, then for any point A(x, y), its coordinates become A(x + l, y + m).
Example: Translate ABC, 6 units left and 6 units down.
5

y
A (3, 4)

B
(5, 3)

3
2
1
-5 -4

-3 -2 -1

A (-3, -2)

(-5, -5)
C

C (1, 1)
1 2

-1
-2

-3
B (-1, -3)
-4

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Reflection
A transformation in which a geometric figure is reflected across a line, creating a
mirror image. The line is called the line of reflection.
Example:

Axis of reflection

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

B
A A

C
k
A is fixed point on line of reflection.
B is reflection of B in line k(B

B)

C is reflection of C in line k(C

C)

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Reflection in a vertical line:

Reflection in a horizontal line:

Reflection in a diagonal line:

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Reflection in the x axis
The x coordinates are the same and the y coordinates are the opposite.
5
4

y
A (1, 3)

3
C(3, 2)

2
1
-5

-4

-3

-2 -1
-1
-2
-3
-4

B (1, 1)
1

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Reflection in the y axis
The y coordinates are the same and the x coordinates are the opposite.
y
4
A (-1, 3)
3

1
B (-1, 1)
-4

C(5, 2)

C (-5, -2)

-5

A (1, 3)

-3

-2 -1
-1
-2
-3
-4

B (1, 1)
1

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Dilation
A transformation in which a figure is enlarged or reduced with respect to a point
called the center of dilation.

Dilation of a Geometric Figure

A transformation in which all dimensions are lengthened or shortened by a common
scale factor.
C

The smaller figure above is dilated with a scale factor of 2 and a center of dilation C
to produce the larger figure.

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Rotation
A transformation in which a figure is rotated around a given point called the center
of rotation by a specified degree measure in a specified direction.
Example:
before rotation
angle of rotation = 90 clockwise

after rotation

center

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
Translate the triangle 4 units left and 5 units down.
5 y
A (2, 4)
4

C(5, 5)

3
2
1
-5 -4

-3

-2 -1

-1
-2
-3
-4

B (3, 1)
1

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
If the image of point C(0, -12) under a translation is C'(-5, -9), find the coordinates
of the image of point E(7, -8) under the same translation.

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
Find the images of points A(2, 3), B(-5, 2) and C(-1, 4) after a reflection in the
x-axis.
y
(-1, 4) C

4
A(2, 3)

3
B(-5, 2)

2
1

-5 -4

-3 -2 -1

-1
-2
-3
-4

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
Triangle ABC has coordinates A(-2, 0), B(6, 0), and C(4, 0). Find the coordinates of
the images of the vertices of the triangle after a reflection in the y-axis.

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
After a reflection in the x-axis, (10, -3) is the image of point E. What is the
original location of point E?

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
After a dilation, (45, 0) are the coordinates of the image of a point with
coordinates (5, 0). What are the coordinates of the image of (10, 25) after the
same dilation?

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
Translate the triangle 1 unit right and 3 units up, then rotate the image 180
clockwise about the origin.
y
8
6
4
2
-10 -8

-6 -4 -2

-2
-4
-6
-8

10 x

Translation, Reflection, Dilation, and Rotation (continued)

Example:
Rotate the triangle in the figure 90 clockwise about the origin.
y
8
6
4
2
-10 -8

-6 -4 -2

-2
-4
-6
-8

10 x

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