CEIP CRISTBAL COLN.

SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

Unit 1 The human being and the health.

Index
1. The body parts.
2. The body inside parts.
3. Vital functions:
3.1. Nutrition
3.1.1. The digestive system.
3.1.2. The circulatory system
3.1.3. The respiratory system
3.1.4. The excretory system
3.1.5. The skin, or integumentary system
3.2. Interaction
3.2.1. The 5 senses
3.2.1.1. The nervous system
3.2.2. The skeletal system
3.2.3. The muscular system
3.3. Reproduction
3.3.1. The reproductive system
4. Health and illness.
4.1. Healthy habits
4.1.1. Healthy eating.
4.1.2. Physical exercise and good posture.
4.1.3. Sleep and rest.
4.1.4. Free time activities.
4.1.5. Tips for preventing accidents in everyday
situations

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

1. Body parts.

Our body is divided into three main parts: head, trunk

or torso and limbs (in the upper limbs are the arms and the
hands, and in the lower limbs are the legs, the foot and toes).

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

Here you are the most important vocabulary for this lesson.

HEAD

TRUNK

UPPER LIMBS

LOWER LIMBS

HAIR
FACE
FOREFRONT
EYEBROW
EYELIDS
EYE LASHES
EYES
CHEEKS
NOSE
MOUTH
TONGUE
TEETH
LIPS
CHIN
NECK
SHOULDERS
CHEST
ABDOMEN
BACK
ARMS
ELBOW
FORE ARM
WRIST
HANDS
FINGERS
NAILS
LEGS
THIGH
KNEE
ANKLE
FOOT
TOES
HEEL
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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

These videos can help you to learn the vocabulary in a funny

way:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oNOA3HnGG4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OaNiEku9Uk0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jpvuqj5nv6U

2. The body inside parts.

Our body is formed inside by organs and systems. All
of them together are the responsive everything works and
keep us alive.

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http://www.innerbody.com/
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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

3. Vital functions:
3.1. Nutrition
Nutrition is the process in which our body obtains
the nutrients from food. This procedure is made by the
digestive system, the circulatory system the respiratory
system and the excretory/urinary system.

Nutrition

3.1.1. The digestive system.

The digestive system consists of a series of
connected
organs

that

together,
the

allow

body

to

break down and

absorb
and
waste.
includes

food,
remove
It
the

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large

intestine, rectum, and anus. The liver and pancreas
also play a role in the digestive system because they
produce digestive juices.
Digestive system - Digsestion Process

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

3.1.2. The circulatory system

The

job

of

the circulatory

system is to move blood, nutrients,

oxygen,

carbon

dioxide,

and

hormones, around the body. It

consists

of

the

heart,

blood,

capillaires, arteries and veins.

The blood travel - Circulatory
system

3.1.3. The respiratory system

The respiratory
system allows us to take
in vital oxygen and
expel carbon dioxide in
a

process

we

call

breathing. It consists
mainly of the trachea,
the diaphragm and the
lungs.

Respiratory system

- breathing

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

3.1.4. The excretory/urinary system

The urinary system helps eliminate a waste product
called urea from the
body,

which

is

produced when certain

foods are broken down.
The

whole

system

includes two kidneys,

two ureters, the bladder
and the urethra. Urine produced by the kidneys travels
down the ureters to the bladder, and exits the body
through the urethra. Urinary system - how kidneys
work
3.1.5. The skin, or integumentary system.
The skin, or integumentary system, is the
body's largest organ. It protects us from
the outside world, and is our first defense
against

bacteria,

viruses

and

other

pathogens. Our skin also helps regulate

body temperature and eliminate waste
through perspiration. In addition to
skin, the integumentary system includes
hair and nails. The skin La piel.

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3.2. Interaction
Interaction function - Interaction.

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The 5 senses

Our senses allow us to learn, to

protect ourselves, to know our
environment. The five senses
are:

SENSE ORGAN
PARTS
Sight
Eyes
Eyebrow eyelid eyelashes iris
pupil cornea lens retina optic
nerve
Hearing Ears
Ear or pinna ear canal eardrum
ossicles cochlea auditory nerve
Smell
Nose
Nostrils nasal cavity olfactory bulb
olfactory nerve
Taste
Tongue Taste buds
Touch
Skin
Touch receptors

The sense of sight only works if light reaches

the objects and your eyes. You can distinguish
the colour, shape, size and distance of things.

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The sense of hearing helps you to distinguish

if a sound is high or low, loud or soft and where
it comes from.

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The smell sense can distinguish different

smells in the air.

The taste sense helps us to distinguish five

basic flavours: sweet, salty, sour, bitter and
unami.

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The sense of touch helps us to know if an

object is cold or hot, smooth or rough.

The next links will help you to learn more and

have fun.
Learn & play with the 5 senses
5 senses organs
Sght organ
Hearing organ
Smell organ
Taste organ

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And

SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

d o n t f o r g e t ..

Visit your paediatrician for a test

Study with good light

Use goggles in the swimming pool

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

3.2.1.1. The nervous system

The nervous system controls both
voluntary action (like
conscious

movement)

and involuntary actions

(like
sends

breathing),

and

signals

to

different parts of the

body.

The

central

nervous system includes

the brain and spinal
cord.

The

peripheral

nervous system consists

of nerves that connect
every other part of the
body to the central
nervous system.
Nervous system
Sistema nervioso

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3.2.1.2. The skeletal system

Our bodies are supported by the skeletal

system, which consists of 206 bones that are
connected by tendons and ligaments. The
skeleton not only helps us move, but it's also
involved in the storage of calcium. The teeth are
also part of the skeletal system, but they aren't
considered bones. Skeletal system

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3.2.1.3.The muscular system

The

body's muscular

system consists

of

about 650 muscles that aid in

movement, blood flow and
other bodily functions. There
are three types of muscle:
skeletal

muscle

which

is

connected to bone and helps

with

voluntary

movement,

smooth muscle which is found

inside organs and helps to
move

substances

through

organs, and cardiac muscle

which is found in the heart
and

helps

pump

muscular system

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blood.

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

3.3. Reproduction
Reproduction allows living beings to survey. In
reproduction, 1+ 1= 3 or more.
3.3.1. The reproductive system
The reproductive system allows humans to
reproduce. The male reproductive system includes
the penis and the
testes,

which

produce sperm.
The

female
reproductive

system consists of the vagina, the uterus and the

ovaries, which produce eggs. During conception, a
sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, which creates a
fertilized egg that implants and grows in the uterus.

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4. Health and illness.

Health is the opposite of
illness. When we fell well, in a
physical, social and mental
way, we are healthy.

4.1. Healthy habits

Healthy habits are all those things that we do

regularly and help us to maintain our health.

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

4.1.1. Healthy eating.

A healthy diet is very important for our body and
developing. To know if the food we eat is good for us
we must have into account the food pyramid. Eat five
meals a day, and dont forget to drink water. Healthy
food

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

4.1.2. Physical exercise and good posture.

Physical exercise is very important to be healthy. It
makes you stronger and it is fun practice sports with
friends

When you do an activity, keep a good posture. It is

very important for your skeleton.

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SCIENCE 4 2015/2016

4.1.3. Sleep and rest.

Sleep helps you to be
happy and strong after a long
day. Children need to sleep
about ten hours every day. If
you do not sleep enough you
will feel tired and you can get
ill more easily.

4.1.4. Free time activities.

Do outdoor
activities.
Change of
game.
Play with
friends or
parents.

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4.1.5. Tips for preventing accidents in everyday

situations
It is very difficult to avoid accidents, but we
can help to prevent them paying attention when we
are at home, playing at school or in the street. It is
very important for your safety you respect the rules
that your parents and teachers recommend you.

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